Types/bladder/hp/bladder-screening-pdq

Bladder and Other Urothelial Cancers Screening (PDQ®)–Health Professional Version

Overview

In This Section

• Benefits
• Harms

Note: Separate PDQ summaries on Bladder Cancer Treatment and Levels of Evidence for Cancer Screening and Prevention Studies are also available.

Benefits

There is inadequate evidence to determine whether screening for bladder and other urothelial cancers has an impact on mortality.

Description of the Evidence

Study Design: There are no studies that directly address this question. Internal Validity: Not applicable (N/A). Consistency: N/A. Magnitude of Effects on Health Outcomes: N/A. External Validity: N/A.

Harms

Based on fair evidence, screening for bladder and other urothelial cancers would result in unnecessary diagnostic procedures with attendant morbidity.

Description of the Evidence

Study Design: Opinions of respected authorities based on clinical experience, descriptive studies, or reports of expert committees. Internal Validity: N/A. Consistency: N/A. Magnitude of Effects on Health Outcomes: Good evidence for rare harms. External Validity: N/A.

Description of the Evidence

In This Section

• Incidence and Mortality
• Risk Factors

  Smoking

  Environmental and occupational exposure to certain chemicals

  Chinese herbs

  Exposure to arsenic

  Treatment with cyclophosphamide or ifosfamide

  Pelvic radiation therapy

  Genetic mutations

  Other risk factors

• Inheritance
• Clinical Presentation
• Histopathology
• Grade and Stage of Newly Diagnosed Bladder Cancer in an Unscreened Population
• Screening Methods

  Cystoscopy and cytology

  Hematuria

  One-time hematuria testing

  Repetitive hematuria testing

  Other possible screening modalities

• Special Populations

Incidence and Mortality