Izinhlobo / isibeletho / isiguli / i-uterine-sarcoma-treatment-pdq

Ukwelashwa kwe-Uterine Sarcoma (®) –Patient Version

Imininingwane ejwayelekile Nge-Uterine Sarcoma

AMAPHUZU ASEMQOKA

• I-uterine sarcoma yisifo lapho amangqamuzana abulalayo (umdlavuza) akha emisipha yesibeletho noma ezinye izicubu ezisekela isibeletho.

• Ukwelashwa kwangaphambilini kokwelashwa ngemisebe okhalweni kungakhuphula ubungozi be-sarcoma yesibeletho.

• Izimpawu ze-sarcoma yesibeletho zifaka ukopha okungavamile.

• Ukuhlolwa okuhlola isibeletho kusetshenziselwa ukuthola (ukuthola) nokuxilonga i-sarcoma yesibeletho.

• Izici ezithile zithinta ukubikezela (ithuba lokululama) kanye nezinketho zokwelashwa.

I-uterine sarcoma yisifo lapho amangqamuzana abulalayo (umdlavuza) akha emisipha yesibeletho noma ezinye izicubu ezisekela isibeletho.

Isibeletho siyingxenye yohlelo lokuzala lwabesifazane. Isizalo yisitho esingenalutho, esimise okwepheya okhalweni, lapho kukhula khona umbungu. Umlomo wesibeletho ungaphansi, ekugcineni okuncane kwesibeletho, futhi uholele esithweni sangasese sowesifazane.

I-anatomy yohlelo lokuzala lwabesifazane. Izitho ezisehlelweni lokuzala labesifazane zifaka phakathi isibeletho, amaqanda, amashubhu e-fallopian, umlomo wesibeletho, kanye nesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Isibeletho sinolwelwesi olungaphandle lwemisipha olubizwa ngokuthi i-myometrium nolwelwesi lwangaphakathi olubizwa ngokuthi i-endometrium.

I-Uterine sarcoma wuhlobo lomdlavuza olungavamile kakhulu olwakheka emisipheni yesibeletho noma ezicutshini ezisekela isibeletho. (Imininingwane ephathelene nezinye izinhlobo zama-sarcomas ingatholakala kwisifinyezo se- ku-Adult Soft Tissue Sarcoma Treatment.) I-Uterine sarcoma yehlukile kumdlavuza we-endometrium, isifo lapho amangqamuzana omdlavuza aqala ukukhula ngaphakathi kolwelwesi lwesibeletho. (Bheka isifinyezo se- ku-Endometrial Cancer Treatment for information).

Ukwelashwa kwangaphambilini kokwelashwa ngemisebe okhalweni kungakhuphula ubungozi be-sarcoma yesibeletho.

Noma yini enyusa ubungozi bokuthola isifo ibizwa ngokuthi ingozi. Ukuba nengcuphe akusho ukuthi uzothola umdlavuza; ukungabi nezici zobungozi akusho ukuthi ngeke uthole umdlavuza. Khuluma nodokotela wakho uma ucabanga ukuthi ungaba sengozini. Izici zobungozi be-sarcoma yesibeletho zifaka okulandelayo:

• Ukwelashwa kwangaphambilini ngokwelashwa ngemisebe okhalweni.

• Ukwelashwa nge-tamoxifen yomdlavuza webele. Uma uthatha lo muthi, yiba nokuhlolwa kwezitho zangasese minyaka yonke bese ubika noma yikuphi ukopha esithweni sangasese (ngaphandle kokuphuma esikhathini) ngokushesha okukhulu.

Izimpawu ze-sarcoma yesibeletho zifaka ukopha okungavamile.

Ukopha okungajwayelekile esithweni sangasese nezinye izimpawu nezimpawu kungabangelwa yi-uterine sarcoma noma ngezinye izimo. Buza nodokotela wakho uma unokunye kwalokhu okulandelayo:

• Ukopha okungeyona ingxenye yezikhathi zokuya esikhathini.

• Ukopha ngemuva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini.

• Isisindo esithweni sangasese.

• Ubuhlungu noma umuzwa wokugcwala esiswini.

• Ukuchama njalo.

Ukuhlolwa okuhlola isibeletho kusetshenziselwa ukuthola (ukuthola) nokuxilonga i-sarcoma yesibeletho.

Lezi zivivinyo nezinqubo ezilandelayo zingasetshenziswa:

• Ukuhlolwa komzimba kanye nomlando: Ukuhlolwa komzimba ukuhlola izimpawu ezijwayelekile zempilo, kufaka phakathi ukuhlola izimpawu zesifo, njengezigaxa noma yini enye ebonakala ingajwayelekile. Kuzothathwa nomlando wemikhuba yezempilo yesiguli kanye nokugula nokwelashwa kwangaphambilini.

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-pelvic: Ukuhlolwa kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane, umlomo wesibeletho, isibeletho, amashubhu e-fallopian, ama-ovari, ne-rectum. Kufakwa i-speculum esithweni sangasese bese udokotela noma umhlengikazi ebheka esithweni sangasese kanye nomlomo wesibeletho ukuthola izimpawu zesifo. Kuvame ukwenziwa ukuhlolwa kwesibeletho sePap. Udokotela noma umhlengikazi uphinde afake umunwe owodwa noma emibili ethanjisiwe, efakwe igilavu ​​yesandla esisodwa esithweni sangasese bese ebeka esinye isandla phezu kwesisu esingezansi ukuze ezwe ubukhulu, ukuma, nokuma kwesibeletho namaqanda. Udokotela noma umhlengikazi uphinde afake umunwe othanjisiwe, ofakwe igilavu ​​ku-rectum ukuzwa izigaxa noma izindawo ezingejwayelekile.

Ukuhlolwa kwepelvic. Udokotela noma umhlengikazi ufaka umunwe owodwa noma emibili ethanjisiwe, efakwe igilavu ​​yesandla esisodwa esithweni sangasese bese ucindezela esiswini esingezansi ngesinye isandla. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuzwa ubukhulu, ukuma, nokuma kwesibeletho namaqanda. Isitho sowesifazane sangasese, umlomo wesibeletho, amashubhu okuya emithanjeni, kanye nengxenyenamba iyahlolwa.

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Pap: Inqubo yokuqoqa amaseli ebusweni bomlomo wesibeletho nowesifazane. Ucezu lukakotini, ibhulashi, noma induku encane yokhuni kusetshenziselwa ukukhuhla ngobumnene amaseli omlomo wesibeletho nowesifazane. Amaseli abhekwa ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu ukuthola ukuthi awajwayelekile yini. Le nqubo ibizwa nangokuthi iPap smear. Ngoba i-uterine sarcoma iqala ngaphakathi kwesibeletho, lo mdlavuza ungahle ungaveli ekuhlolweni kwePap.

Ukuhlolwa kwePap. Kufakwa i-speculum esithweni sangasese ukuyikhulisa. Ngemuva kwalokho, kufakwa ibhulashi esithweni sangasese ukuze kuthathwe amaseli emlonyeni wesibeletho. Amaseli ahlolwa ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu ukuthola izimpawu zesifo.

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Transvaginal ultrasound: Inqubo esetshenziselwa ukuhlola isitho sangasese sowesifazane, isibeletho, amashubhu ezulu, nesinye. I-ultrasound transducer (iphenyo) ifakwa esithweni sangasese futhi isetshenziselwe ukubhebhethekisa amaza omsindo aphezulu (i-ultrasound) ezicutshini zangaphakathi noma ezithweni bese yenza ama-echoes. Ama-echoes akha isithombe sezicubu zomzimba esibizwa nge-sonogram. Udokotela angabona izimila ngokubheka i-sonogram.

I-ultrasound yangaphambilini. Uphenyo lwe-ultrasound oluxhunywe kwikhompyutha lufakwa esithweni sangasese futhi lushukumiswe ngobumnene ukukhombisa izitho ezahlukahlukene. I-probe iqhuma amaza omsindo ezithweni zangaphakathi nezicubu ukwenza ama-echoes akha i-sonogram (isithombe sekhompyutha).

• Ukwehliswa kanye ne-curettage: Inqubo yokususa amasampula wezicubu kulolwelwesi lwangaphakathi lwesibeletho. Umlomo wesibeletho uyahlulwa bese kufakwa i-curette (insimbi emise okwe-spoon) esibelethweni ukuze kususwe izicubu. Amasampula wezicubu ahlolwa ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu ukuthola izimpawu zesifo. Le nqubo ibizwa nangokuthi i-D & C.

Ukwehlukaniswa nokwelashwa (D no-C). Kufakwa i-speculum esithweni sangasese ukuyikhulisa ukuze kubhekwe umlomo wesibeletho (iphaneli yokuqala). I-dilator isetshenziselwa ukunweba umlomo wesibeletho (iphaneli eliphakathi nendawo). I-curette ifakwa ngomlomo wesibeletho iye esibelethweni ukuze kukhuculwe izicubu ezingajwayelekile (iphaneli lokugcina).

• I-Endometrial biopsy: Ukususwa kwezicubu ku-endometrium (ulwelwesi lwangaphakathi lwesibeletho) ngokufaka ishubhu elincane, eliguquguqukayo ngomlomo wesibeletho kanye nasesibelethweni. Ishubhu lisetshenziselwa ukukhuhla ngobunono inani elincane lezicubu kwi-endometrium bese ususa amasampula ezicubu. Isazi sezifo sibheka izicubu ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu ukubheka amangqamuzana omdlavuza.

Izici ezithile zithinta ukubikezela (ithuba lokululama) kanye nezinketho zokwelashwa.

Isibikezelo (ithuba lokululama) nezinketho zokwelashwa zincike kokulandelayo:

• Isigaba somdlavuza.

• Uhlobo nosayizi wesimila.

• Impilo ejwayelekile yesiguli.

• Ukuthi umdlavuza usanda kutholakala noma usuphindile (buyela emuva).

Izigaba ze-Uterine Sarcoma

AMAPHUZU ASEMQOKA

• Ngemuva kokutholakala kwesibeletho se-uterine, kwenziwa ukuhlolwa ukuthola ukuthi amangqamuzana omdlavuza asakazekile ngaphakathi kwesibeletho noma kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

• I-steroma yesibeletho ingatholakala, ihlolwe, futhi iphathwe ngokuhlinzwa okufanayo.

• Zintathu izindlela umdlavuza osakazeka ngayo emzimbeni.

• Umdlavuza ungasakazeka usuka lapho uqale khona kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

• Lezi zigaba ezilandelayo zisetshenziselwa i-sarcoma yesibeletho:

• Isiteji I

• Isigaba II

• Isigaba III

• Isigaba IV

Ngemuva kokutholakala kwesibeletho se-uterine, kwenziwa ukuhlolwa ukuthola ukuthi amangqamuzana omdlavuza asakazekile ngaphakathi kwesibeletho noma kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

Inqubo esetshenziswayo ukuthola ukuthi umdlavuza ususabalele ngaphakathi kwesibeletho noma kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba ibizwa ngokuthi yi-staging. Imininingwane eqoqwe kusuka kusistimu yesiteji inquma isigaba sesifo. Kubalulekile ukwazi isigaba ukuze uhlele ukwelashwa. Izinqubo ezilandelayo zingasetshenziswa kunqubo yokubeka iziteji:

• Izifundo ze-chemistry yegazi: Inqubo lapho kuhlolwe khona isampula segazi ukukala inani lezinto ezithile ezikhishwe egazini ngezitho nezicubu zomzimba. Inani elingavamile (eliphakeme noma eliphansi kunokujwayelekile) lezinto kungaba uphawu lwesifo.

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-CA 125: Isivivinyo esikala izinga le-CA 125 egazini. I-CA 125 yinto ekhishwa amaseli egazini. Izinga le-CA 125 elandisiwe kwesinye isikhathi liyisibonakaliso somdlavuza noma esinye isimo.

• I-x-ray yesifuba: I-x-ray yezitho namathambo ngaphakathi kwesifuba. I-x-ray uhlobo lwesigongolo samandla esingangena emzimbeni nasefilimini, lwenze isithombe sezindawo ezingaphakathi komzimba.

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Transvaginal ultrasound: Inqubo esetshenziselwa ukuhlola isitho sangasese sowesifazane, isibeletho, amashubhu ezulu, nesinye. I-ultrasound transducer (iphenyo) ifakwa esithweni sangasese futhi isetshenziselwe ukubhebhethekisa amaza omsindo aphezulu (i-ultrasound) ezicutshini zangaphakathi noma ezithweni bese yenza ama-echoes. Ama-echoes akha isithombe sezicubu zomzimba esibizwa nge-sonogram. Udokotela angabona izimila ngokubheka i-sonogram.

I-ultrasound yangaphambilini. Uphenyo lwe-ultrasound oluxhunywe kwikhompyutha lufakwa esithweni sangasese futhi lushukumiswe ngobumnene ukukhombisa izitho ezahlukahlukene. I-probe iqhuma amaza omsindo ezithweni zangaphakathi nezicubu ukwenza ama-echoes akha i-sonogram (isithombe sekhompyutha).

• I-CT scan (i-CAT scan): Inqubo eyenza uchungechunge lwezithombe eziningiliziwe zezindawo ezingaphakathi komzimba, njengesisu kanye nesifuba, ezithathwe ezinhlangothini ezahlukene. Izithombe zenziwa yikhompyutha exhunywe kumshini we-x-ray. Idayi ingajovwa emthanjeni noma igwinywe ukusiza izitho noma izicubu ukuthi zivele kahle. Le nqubo ibizwa nangokuthi i-computed tomography, i-computerized tomography, noma i-computer axial tomography.

• I-cystoscopy: Inqubo yokubheka ngaphakathi kwesinye kanye nomchamo ukubheka izindawo ezingajwayelekile. I-cystoscope ifakwa nge-urethra iye esinyeni. I-cystoscope iyinsimbi encane, efana nethubhu enokukhanya nelensi yokubuka. Kungaba futhi nethuluzi lokususa amasampula wezicubu, ahlolwe ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu ukuthola izimpawu zomdlavuza.

I-cystoscopy. I-cystoscope (insimbi encane, efana nethubhu enokukhanya nelensi yokubuka) ifakwa ngomchamo ungene esinyeni. Uketshezi lusetshenziselwa ukugcwalisa isinye. Udokotela ubheka isithombe sodonga lwangaphakathi lwesinye kumqapha wekhompyutha.

I-steroma yesibeletho ingatholakala, ihlolwe, futhi iphathwe ngokuhlinzwa okufanayo.

Ukuhlinzwa kusetshenziselwa ukuxilonga, isigaba, nokwelapha i-sarcoma yesibeleko. Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, udokotela ususa umdlavuza omningi ngangokunokwenzeka. Izinqubo ezilandelayo zingasetshenziselwa ukuxilonga, ukulinganisa, nokwelapha i-sarcoma yesibeleko:

• I-Laparotomy: Inqubo yokuhlinza lapho kwenziwa ukusikeka (ukusika) odongeni lwesisu ukubheka ngaphakathi kwesisu ukuthi asinazo yini izimpawu zesifo. Ubukhulu bokusikwa buxhomeke ekutheni kungani i-laparotomy yenziwa. Kwesinye isikhathi izitho ziyasuswa noma amasampula wezicubu athathwe ahlolwe ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu ukuthola izimpawu zesifo.

• Ukuwashwa kwamathumbu nesisu: Inqubo lapho kufakwa khona isisombululo sikasawoti emigodini yomzimba wesisu nokhalo. Ngemuva kwesikhashana, uketshezi luyasuswa bese lubhekwa ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu ukuhlola amaseli omdlavuza.

• Ingqikithi ye-hysterectomy yesisu: Inqubo yokuhlinza ukususa isibeletho nomlomo wesibeletho ngokusebenzisa ukusikeka okukhulu (ukusika) esiswini.

I-Hysterectomy. Isibeletho sisuswa ngokuhlinzwa noma ngaphandle kwezinye izitho noma izicubu. Ku-hysterectomy ephelele, isibeletho nomlomo wesibeletho kuyasuswa. Ku-hysterectomy ephelele ene-salpingo-oophorectomy, (a) kukhishwa isibeletho kanye ne-one (unilateral) ovary kanye ne-fallopian tube; noma (b) kukhishwe isibeletho kanye nawo womabili (amabhilidi) amaqanda kanye namashubhu e-fallopian. Ku-hysterectomy enamandla, kukhishwa isibeletho, umlomo wesibeletho, womabili amaqanda, amashubhu womabili, nezicubu eziseduze. Lezi zinqubo zenziwa kusetshenziswa imbobo ephansi enqamulelayo noma imbobo ebheke phezulu.

• I-bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy: Ukuhlinzwa ukususa womabili amaqanda kanye namashubhu womabili.

• I-Lymphadenectomy: Inqubo yokuhlinzwa lapho kukhishwa khona ama-lymph node futhi ihlolwe ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu ukuthola izimpawu zomdlavuza. Kwi-lymphadenectomy yesifunda, amanye ama-lymph node asendaweni yesimila ayasuswa. Kwi-lymphadenectomy enkulu, ama-lymph node amaningi noma wonke asendaweni yesimila ayasuswa. Le nqubo ibizwa nangokuthi i-lymph node dissection.

Ukwelashwa ngaphezu kokuhlinzwa kunganikezwa, njengoba kuchaziwe esigabeni sokubuka konke senketho yokwelashwa kwalesi sifinyezo.

Zintathu izindlela umdlavuza osakazeka ngayo emzimbeni.

Umdlavuza ungasakazeka ngezicubu, uhlelo lwe-lymph, kanye negazi:

• Izicubu. Umdlavuza usakazeka lapho uqale khona ngokukhulela ezindaweni eziseduze.

• Uhlelo lweLymph. Umdlavuza usakazeka lapho uqale khona ngokungena ohlelweni lwe-lymph. Umdlavuza udabula imithambo ye-lymph uye kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

• Igazi. Umdlavuza usakazeka lapho uqale khona ngokungena egazini. Umdlavuza uhamba ngemithambo yegazi uye kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

Umdlavuza ungasakazeka usuka lapho uqale khona kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

Lapho umdlavuza usakazekela kolunye uhlangothi lomzimba, ubizwa ngokuthi yi-metastasis. Amaseli womdlavuza aqhamuka lapho aqale khona (isimila sokuqala) futhi ahamba ngohlelo lwe-lymph noma igazi.

• Uhlelo lweLymph. Umdlavuza ungena ohlelweni lwe-lymph, udabule emithanjeni ye-lymph, bese wenza isimila (isimila se-metastatic) kwenye ingxenye yomzimba.

• Igazi. Umdlavuza ungena egazini, udabule emithanjeni yegazi, bese wenza isimila (isimila se-metastatic) kwenye ingxenye yomzimba.

Isigaxa se-metastatic luhlobo olufanayo lomdlavuza njengesimila sokuqala. Isibonelo, uma i-uterine sarcoma isakazeka emaphashini, amangqamuzana omdlavuza asephashini empeleni angamaseli e-uterine sarcoma. Lesi sifo yi-metastatic uterine sarcoma, hhayi umdlavuza wamaphaphu.

Lezi zigaba ezilandelayo zisetshenziselwa i-sarcoma yesibeletho:

Isiteji I

Esigabeni I, umdlavuza utholakala esibelethweni kuphela. Isigaba I sihlukaniswe izigaba IA ne-IB, ngokuya ngokuthi umdlavuza ususabalale kangakanani.

• Isigaba IA: Umdlavuza use-endometrium kuphela noma ngaphansi kwengxenye ye-myometrium (ungqimba lwemisipha yesibeletho).

• Isigaba IB: Umdlavuza usakaze phakathi noma ngaphezulu ku-myometrium.

Isigaba II

Esigabeni II, umdlavuza ususabalele kwezicubu zomlomo wesibeletho, kepha awusakazekanga ngaphandle kwesibeletho.

Isigaba III

Esigabeni III, umdlavuza usabalele ngaphesheya kwesibeletho nomlomo wesibeletho, kepha awusakazekanga ngaphesheya kwesikhumba. Isigaba III sihlukaniswe ngezigaba IIIA, IIIB, kanye ne-IIIC, ngokuya ngokuthi umdlavuza usabalale kangakanani ngaphakathi kwesikhumba.

• Isigaba IIIA: Umdlavuza usabalalele kungqimba olungaphandle lwesibeletho kanye / noma kumashubhu we-fallopian, ama-ovari, kanye nemisipha yesibeletho.

• Isigaba IIIB: Umdlavuza usabalalele esithweni sangasese sowesifazane noma kwi-parametrium (izicubu ezihlangene namafutha azungeze isibeletho).

• Isigaba IIIC: Umdlavuza usabalalele kuma-lymph node ku-pelvis kanye / noma nxazonke ze-aorta (umthambo omkhulu emzimbeni, osusa igazi enhliziyweni).

Isigaba IV

Esigabeni IV, umdlavuza usabalele ngaphesheya kwesikhumba. Isigaba IV sihlukaniswe ngezigaba ze-IVA ne-IVB, ngokuya ngokuthi umdlavuza ususabalale kangakanani.

• Isigaba IVA: Umdlavuza usabalalele esinyeni kanye / noma odongeni lwamathumbu.

• Isigaba IVB: I-Cancer isakaze kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba ngaphesheya kwesikhumba, kufaka phakathi isisu kanye / noma ama-lymph node ku-groin.

I-Uterine Sarcoma ephindaphindwayo

I-uterine sarcoma ephindaphindayo ngumdlavuza obuye wabuya (ubuya) ngemuva kokuba welashwe. Umdlavuza ungabuya esibelethweni, okhalweni, noma kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

Uhlolojikelele lwenketho yokwelashwa

AMAPHUZU ASEMQOKA

• Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokwelashwa kweziguli ezine-uterine sarcoma.

• Izinhlobo ezine zokwelashwa ezijwayelekile zisetshenzisiwe:

• Ukuhlinzwa

• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe

• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali

• Ukwelashwa kweHormone

• Izinhlobo ezintsha zokwelashwa ziyahlolwa ezivivinyweni zokwelashwa.

• Ukwelashwa kwe-sarcoma yesibeletho kungadala imiphumela emibi.

• Iziguli zingafuna ukucabanga ngokubamba iqhaza esivivinyweni somtholampilo.

• Iziguli zingangena ezivivinyweni zokwelashwa ngaphambi, ngesikhathi, noma ngemuva kokuqala ukwelashwa kwazo komdlavuza.

• Ukuhlolwa kokulandelela kungadingeka.

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokwelashwa kweziguli ezine-uterine sarcoma.

Izinhlobo ezahlukene zokwelashwa ziyatholakala ezigulini ezine-uterine sarcoma. Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zijwayelekile (indlela esetshenziswa njengamanje), kanti ezinye ziyahlolwa ezivivinyweni zokwelashwa. Isivivinyo somtholampilo wokwelashwa isifundo socwaningo esihloselwe ukusiza ukuthuthukisa ukwelashwa kwamanje noma ukuthola ulwazi ngezindlela zokwelashwa ezintsha zeziguli ezinomdlavuza. Lapho izivivinyo zokwelashwa zibonisa ukuthi ukwelashwa okusha kungcono kunokwelashwa okujwayelekile, ukwelashwa okusha kungaba ukwelashwa okujwayelekile. Iziguli zingafuna ukucabanga ngokubamba iqhaza esivivinyweni somtholampilo. Ezinye izivivinyo zokwelashwa zivulekele kuphela iziguli ezingakaqali ukwelashwa.

Izinhlobo ezine zokwelashwa ezijwayelekile zisetshenzisiwe:

Ukuhlinzwa

Ukuhlinzwa ukwelashwa okuvame kakhulu kwe-uterine sarcoma, njengoba kuchaziwe esigabeni seSigaba se-Uterine Sarcoma salesi sifinyezo.

Ngemuva kokuthi udokotela awususe wonke umdlavuza ongabonakala ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, ezinye iziguli zinganikezwa i-chemotherapy noma i-radiation therapy ngemuva kokuhlinzwa ukubulala noma yimaphi amangqamuzana omdlavuza asele. Ukwelashwa okunikezwe ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, ukwehlisa ubungozi bokuthi umdlavuza uzobuya, kubizwa ngokuthi yi-adjuvant therapy.

Ukwelashwa ngemisebe

Ukwelashwa ngemisebe ukwelashwa komdlavuza okusebenzisa amandla amakhulu ama-x-ray noma ezinye izinhlobo zemisebe ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza noma ukuwagcina ekukhuleni. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokwelashwa ngemisebe:

• Ukwelashwa kwemisebe kwangaphandle kusebenzisa umshini ongaphandle komzimba ukuthumela imisebe ebheke emdlavuzeni.

• Ukwelashwa kwemisebe kwangaphakathi kusebenzisa into enemisebe eboshwe ngezinaliti, izimbewu, izintambo, noma ama-catheters abekwe ngqo noma eduze komdlavuza.

Indlela okunikezwa ngayo ukwelashwa ngemisebe kuya ngohlobo nesigaba somdlavuza owelashwa. Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kwangaphandle nangaphakathi kusetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-uterine sarcoma, futhi kungasetshenziswa futhi njengokwelashwa okunciphisayo ukukhulula izimpawu nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yempilo.

Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali

I-Chemotherapy yindlela yokwelapha umdlavuza esebenzisa izidakamizwa ukuvimba ukukhula kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza, kungaba ngokubulala amaseli noma ngokuwavimba ekuhlukaniseni. Lapho i-chemotherapy ithathwa ngomlomo noma ifakwa emthanjeni noma emisipheni, izidakamizwa zingena egazini futhi zingafinyelela kumaseli womdlavuza emzimbeni wonke (systemic chemotherapy). Lapho i-chemotherapy ifakwa ngqo ku-cerebrospinal fluid, isitho, noma umgodi womzimba njengesisu, izidakamizwa zithinta kakhulu amangqamuzana omdlavuza kulezo zindawo (i-chemotherapy yesifunda). Indlela i-chemotherapy enikezwa ngayo incike ohlotsheni nesigaba somdlavuza owelashwa.

Ukwelashwa kweHormone

Ukwelashwa kweHormone ukwelashwa komdlavuza okususa ama-hormone noma kuvimbe isenzo sabo futhi kumise amangqamuzana omdlavuza ukuthi angakhuli. AmaHormone yizinto ezikhiqizwa yizindlala emzimbeni futhi zisatshalaliswa egazini. Amanye ama-hormone angadala ukuthi umdlavuza othile ukhule. Uma ukuhlolwa kukhombisa ukuthi amangqamuzana omdlavuza anezindawo lapho ama-hormone anganamathisela khona (ama-receptors), izidakamizwa, ukuhlinzwa, noma ukwelashwa ngemisebe kusetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwamahomoni noma ukuwavimba ekusebenzeni.

Izinhlobo ezintsha zokwelashwa ziyahlolwa ezivivinyweni zokwelashwa.

Imininingwane mayelana nokuhlolwa kwemitholampilo iyatholakala kuwebhusayithi ye-NCI.

Ukwelashwa kwe-sarcoma yesibeletho kungadala imiphumela emibi.

Ngemininingwane ngemiphumela engemihle ebangelwe ukwelashwa komdlavuza, bheka ikhasi lethu le-Side Effects.

Iziguli zingafuna ukucabanga ngokubamba iqhaza esivivinyweni somtholampilo.

Kwezinye iziguli, ukubamba iqhaza esivivinyweni somtholampilo kungaba yindlela engcono kakhulu yokwelashwa. Ukuhlolwa kwemitholampilo kuyingxenye yenqubo yocwaningo lomdlavuza. Ukuhlolwa komtholampilo kuyenziwa ukuthola ukuthi ngabe ukwelashwa komdlavuza okusha kuphephile futhi kuyasebenza yini noma kungcono kunokwelashwa okujwayelekile.

Eziningi zezindlela zokwelashwa ezijwayelekile zomdlavuza zisuselwa ekuhlolweni kokuqala komtholampilo. Iziguli ezibamba iqhaza esivivinyweni somtholampilo zingathola ukwelashwa okujwayelekile noma zibe phakathi kwabokuqala ukuthola ukwelashwa okusha.

Iziguli ezibamba iqhaza ezivivinyweni zokwelashwa zisiza nokwenza ngcono indlela umdlavuza ozophathwa ngayo ngokuzayo. Noma izilingo zomtholampilo zingaholeli ekwelashweni okusha okusebenzayo, zivame ukuphendula imibuzo ebalulekile futhi zisize ukuqhubela phambili ucwaningo.

Iziguli zingangena ezivivinyweni zokwelashwa ngaphambi, ngesikhathi, noma ngemuva kokuqala ukwelashwa kwazo komdlavuza.

Ezinye izivivinyo zokwelashwa zifaka kuphela iziguli ezingakatholi ukwelashwa. Ezinye izilingo zivivinya ukwelashwa kweziguli ezinomdlavuza ongakabi ngcono. Kukhona nokuhlolwa komtholampilo okuhlola izindlela ezintsha zokunqanda umdlavuza ukuthi ungaphindi (ubuye) noma kunciphise imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa komdlavuza.

Ukuhlolwa kwemitholampilo kuyenzeka ezingxenyeni eziningi zezwe. Imininingwane mayelana nokuhlolwa kwemitholampilo esekelwa yi-NCI ingatholakala ekhasini lewebhu le-NCI lokuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kwemitholampilo. Izivivinyo zomtholampilo ezisekelwa ezinye izinhlangano zingatholakala kuwebhusayithi yeClinicalTrials.gov.

Ukuhlolwa kokulandelela kungadingeka.

Olunye uvivinyo olwenziwe ukuxilonga umdlavuza noma ukuthola isigaba somdlavuza lungaphindwa. Olunye uvivinyo luzophindwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi umuthi usebenza kanjani. Izinqumo mayelana nokuthi uqhubeke, ushintshe, noma umise ukwelashwa zingasuselwa emiphumeleni yalezi zivivinyo.

Ezinye zezivivinyo zizoqhubeka ukwenziwa ngezikhathi ezithile ngemuva kokuphela kokwelashwa. Imiphumela yalezi zivivinyo ingakhombisa ukuthi ngabe isimo sakho sishintshile noma uma umdlavuza ubuyile (buyela emuva). Lezi zivivinyo kwesinye isikhathi zibizwa ngokuthi izivivinyo zokulandelela noma ukuhlolwa.

Izinketho Zokwelapha ngeStage

Kulesi Sigaba

• Isigaba I Uterine Sarcoma

• Isigaba II sesibeletho sesibeletho

• Isigaba III sesibeletho sesibeletho

• Isigaba IV sesibeletho sesibeletho

Ngemininingwane mayelana nokwelashwa okubalwe ngezansi, bheka isigaba se-Treatment Option Overview section.

Isigaba I Uterine Sarcoma

Ukwelashwa kwesigaba I sarcoma yesibeletho kungafaka okulandelayo:

• Ukuhlinzwa (inani eliphelele lesisu esiswini, i-bilpal salpingo-oophorectomy, ne-lymphadenectomy).

• Ukuhlinzwa okulandelwa ukwelashwa ngemisebe okhalweni.

• Ukuhlinzwa kwalandelwa ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali.

Sebenzisa ukusesha kwethu kokuhlolwa komtholampilo ukuthola izivivinyo zomtholampilo ezisekelwa yi-NCI ezamukela iziguli. Ungasesha izivivinyo ngokususelwa ohlotsheni lomdlavuza, iminyaka yesiguli, nalapho kwenziwa khona izivivinyo. Imininingwane ejwayelekile mayelana nokuhlolwa kwemitholampilo iyatholakala.

Isigaba II sesibeletho sesibeletho

Ukwelashwa kwesigaba II sarcoma uterine kungafaka okulandelayo:

• Ukuhlinzwa (inani eliphelele lesisu esiswini, i-bilpal salpingo-oophorectomy, ne-lymphadenectomy).

• Ukuhlinzwa okulandelwa ukwelashwa ngemisebe okhalweni.

• Ukuhlinzwa kwalandelwa ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali.

Sebenzisa ukusesha kwethu kokuhlolwa komtholampilo ukuthola izivivinyo zomtholampilo ezisekelwa yi-NCI ezamukela iziguli. Ungasesha izivivinyo ngokususelwa ohlotsheni lomdlavuza, iminyaka yesiguli, nalapho kwenziwa khona izivivinyo. Imininingwane ejwayelekile mayelana nokuhlolwa kwemitholampilo iyatholakala.

Isigaba III sesibeletho sesibeletho

Ukwelashwa kwesigaba sesithathu se-sarcoma yesibeletho kungafaka okulandelayo:

• Ukuhlinzwa (inani eliphelele lesisu esiswini, i-bilpal salpingo-oophorectomy, ne-lymphadenectomy).

• Isivivinyo somtholampilo sokuhlinzwa silandelwa ukwelashwa ngemisebe okhalweni.

• Isivivinyo somtholampilo sokuhlinzwa silandelwa ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali.

Sebenzisa ukusesha kwethu kokuhlolwa komtholampilo ukuthola izivivinyo zomtholampilo ezisekelwa yi-NCI ezamukela iziguli. Ungasesha izivivinyo ngokususelwa ohlotsheni lomdlavuza, iminyaka yesiguli, nalapho kwenziwa khona izivivinyo. Imininingwane ejwayelekile mayelana nokuhlolwa kwemitholampilo iyatholakala.

Isigaba IV sesibeletho sesibeletho

Akukho ukwelashwa okujwayelekile kweziguli ezinesigaba IV se-sarcoma yesibeletho. Ukwelashwa kungafaka isilingo somtholampilo kusetshenziswa i-chemotherapy.

Sebenzisa ukusesha kwethu kokuhlolwa komtholampilo ukuthola izivivinyo zomtholampilo ezisekelwa yi-NCI ezamukela iziguli. Ungasesha izivivinyo ngokususelwa ohlotsheni lomdlavuza, iminyaka yesiguli, nalapho kwenziwa khona izivivinyo. Imininingwane ejwayelekile mayelana nokuhlolwa kwemitholampilo iyatholakala.

Izinketho Zokwelashwa Kwesibeletho Esiphindaphindayo Sesibeletho

Ngemininingwane mayelana nokwelashwa okubalwe ngezansi, bheka isigaba se-Treatment Option Overview section.

Akukho ukwelashwa okujwayelekile kwe-sarcoma yesibeletho ephindaphindwayo. Ukwelashwa kungafaka isilingo somtholampilo kusetshenziswa i-chemotherapy.

Ezigulini ezine-carcinosarcoma ephindaphindayo (uhlobo oluthile lwesimila), ukwelashwa kungafaka okulandelayo:

• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe njengokwelashwa okunciphisayo ukukhulula izimpawu (ezinjengobuhlungu, isicanucanu, noma izinkinga zamathumbu) nokwenza ngcono ikhwalithi yempilo.

• Ukwelashwa kweHormone.

• Isivivinyo somtholampilo sokwelapha okusha.

Sebenzisa ukusesha kwethu kokuhlolwa komtholampilo ukuthola izivivinyo zomtholampilo ezisekelwa yi-NCI ezamukela iziguli. Ungasesha izivivinyo ngokususelwa ohlotsheni lomdlavuza, iminyaka yesiguli, nalapho kwenziwa khona izivivinyo. Imininingwane ejwayelekile mayelana nokuhlolwa kwemitholampilo iyatholakala.

Ukufunda Kabanzi Nge-Uterine Sarcoma

Ukuthola eminye imininingwane evela ku-National Cancer Institute mayelana ne-uterine sarcoma, bheka ikhasi lasekhaya le-Cancer.

Ngemininingwane ejwayelekile yomdlavuza nezinye izinsiza ezivela ku-National Cancer Institute, bheka okulandelayo:

• Mayelana Nomdlavuza

• Isiteji

• I-Chemotherapy kanye Nawe: Ukusekelwa Kwabantu Abanomdlavuza

• Ukwelashwa Kwemisebe Nawe: Ukusekelwa Kwabantu Abanomdlavuza

• Ukubhekana Nomdlavuza

• Imibuzo Ongayibuza Udokotela Wakho mayelana Nomdlavuza

• Kwabasindile Nabanakekeli