Types/head-and-neck/patient/adult/metastatic-squamous-neck-treatment-pdq

I-Metastatic Squamous Neck Cancer ene-Occult Primary Treatment (Adult) Inguqulo

Imininingwane ejwayelekile Mayelana neMetastatic Squamous Neck Cancer ene-Occult Primary

AMAPHUZU ASEMQOKA

• Umdlavuza we-metastatic squamous neck one-primary occult yisifo lapho umdlavuza wamangqamuzana osabalala usakazeka kuma-lymph node entanyeni futhi akwaziwa ukuthi umdlavuza waqala kuphi emzimbeni.

• Izimpawu nezimpawu zomdlavuza wentamo we-metastatic squamous nge-primary occult zifaka isigaxa noma ubuhlungu entanyeni noma emphinjeni.

• Ukuhlolwa okuhlola izicubu zentamo, umgudu wokuphefumula, nengxenye ephezulu yomgudu wokugaya ukudla kusetshenziselwa ukuthola (ukuthola) nokuthola umdlavuza wentamo we-squamous squamous kanye nesimila sokuqala.

• Izici ezithile zithinta ukubikezela (ithuba lokululama) kanye nezinketho zokwelashwa.

Umdlavuza we-metastatic squamous neck one-primary occult yisifo lapho umdlavuza wamangqamuzana osabalala usakazeka kuma-lymph node entanyeni futhi akwaziwa ukuthi umdlavuza waqala kuphi emzimbeni.

Amaseli we-squamous angamaseli amancanyana, athambile atholakala ezicutshini ezakha ubuso besikhumba kanye nolwelwesi lwezimbotshana zomzimba ezinjengomlomo, izitho eziyize ezifana nesibeletho nemithambo yegazi, nolwelwesi lokuphefumula (lokuphefumula) kanye namapheshana okugaya . Ezinye izitho ezinamaseli we-squamous yi-esophagus, amaphaphu, izinso nesibeletho. Umdlavuza ungaqala emangqamuzaneni angama-squamous noma yikuphi emzimbeni bese usabalalisa (ukusakazeka) ngegazi noma nge-lymph system kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

Lapho umdlavuza weseli squamous usakazekela kuma-lymph node entanyeni noma ngasentanyeni, ubizwa ngokuthi yi-metastatic squamous neck cancer. Udokotela uzozama ukuthola isimila sokuqala (umdlavuza owaqala ukwakheka emzimbeni), ngoba ukwelashwa komdlavuza we-metastatic kuyefana nokwelashwa kwesimila sokuqala. Isibonelo, lapho umdlavuza wamaphaphu usakazeka uye entanyeni, amangqamuzana omdlavuza asentanyeni angamaseli omdlavuza wamaphaphu futhi aphathwa ngokufana nomdlavuza osephashini. Kwesinye isikhathi odokotela abakwazi ukuthola ukuthi emzimbeni umdlavuza uqale nini ukukhula emzimbeni. Lapho izivivinyo zingatholi isimila sokuqala, sibizwa ngokuthi isimila (esifihlekile) isimila sokuqala. Ezimweni eziningi, isimila sokuqala asitholakali.

Izimpawu nezimpawu zomdlavuza wentamo we-metastatic squamous nge-primary occult zifaka isigaxa noma ubuhlungu entanyeni noma emphinjeni.

Buza udokotela wakho uma unesigaxa noma ubuhlungu entanyeni noma emphinjeni okungapheli. Lezi kanye nezinye izimpawu nezimpawu zingabangelwa umdlavuza wentamo we-metastatic squamous nge-primary occult. Ezinye izimo zingadala izimpawu nezimpawu ezifanayo.

Ukuhlolwa okuhlola izicubu zentamo, umgudu wokuphefumula, nengxenye ephezulu yomgudu wokugaya ukudla kusetshenziselwa ukuthola (ukuthola) nokuthola umdlavuza wentamo we-squamous squamous kanye nesimila sokuqala.

Ukuhlolwa kuzobandakanya ukuhlola isimila sokuqala ezithweni nasezicutshini zomgudu wokuphefumula (ingxenye yoqhoqhoqho), ingxenye ephezulu yomgudu wokugaya ukudla (kufaka phakathi izindebe, umlomo, ulimi, ikhala, umphimbo, izintambo zezwi, nengxenye i-esophagus), kanye nohlelo lwe-genitourinary.

Izinqubo ezilandelayo zingasetshenziswa:

• Ukuhlolwa komzimba kanye nomlando: Ukuhlolwa komzimba, ikakhulukazi ikhanda nentamo, ukuhlola izimpawu ezijwayelekile zempilo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuhlola izimpawu zesifo, njengezigaxa noma yini enye ebonakala ingajwayelekile. Kuzothathwa nomlando wemikhuba yezempilo yesiguli kanye nokugula nokwelashwa kwangaphambilini.

• I-Biopsy: Ukususwa kwamaseli noma izicubu ukuze kubhekwe ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu ngudokotela wezifo noma kuhlolwe ebhokisatri ukuhlola izimpawu zomdlavuza.

Izinhlobo ezintathu ze-biopsy zingenziwa:

• I-Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy: Ukususwa kwezicubu noma uketshezi kusetshenziswa inaliti ezacile.

• I-Core needle biopsy: Ukususwa kwezicubu kusetshenziswa inaliti ebanzi.

• I-Biopsy e-Excisional: Ukususwa kwesigaxa sonke sezicubu.

Izinqubo ezilandelayo zisetshenziselwa ukususa amasampula amaseli noma izicubu:

• I-Tonsillectomy: Ukuhlinzwa ukususa womabili amalaka.

• I-Endoscopy: Inqubo yokubheka izitho nezicubu ngaphakathi komzimba ukubheka izindawo ezingajwayelekile. I-endoscope ifakwa ngokusika (ukusika) esikhunjeni noma ekuvulekeni emzimbeni, njengomlomo noma ikhala. I-endoscope iyinsimbi encane, efana nethubhu enokukhanya nelensi yokubuka. Kungaba futhi nethuluzi lokususa izicubu ezingajwayelekile noma amasampula e-lymph node, ahlolwe ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu ukuthola izimpawu zesifo. Kuzobhekwa ikhala, umphimbo, emuva kolimi, iminjunju, isisu, ibhokisi lezwi, i-windpipe, nemigwaqo emikhulu yomoya.

Ukuhlolwa okukodwa noma okungaphezulu kokulandelayo kwelabhorethri kungenziwa ukutadisha amasampula wezicubu

• I-Immunohistochemistry: Isivivinyo selabhorethri esisebenzisa amasosha omzimba ukubheka ama-antigen athile (omaka) kusampula yegazi lesiguli noma umnkantsha. Amasosha omzimba avamise ukuhlanganiswa ne-enzyme noma udayi we-fluorescent. Ngemuva kokuthi ama-antibody abophele kwi-antigen ethile egazini noma emnkantsheni wethambo, i-enzyme noma idayi iyasebenza, bese kuthi i-antigen ibonakale ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu. Lolu hlobo lokuhlola lusetshenziselwa ukuxilonga umdlavuza nokusiza ukutshela uhlobo oluthile lomdlavuza kolunye uhlobo lomdlavuza.

• I-light and electron microscopy: Isivivinyo lapho amaseli esampula yezicubu abukwa ngaphansi kwama-microscopes avamile futhi anamandla aphezulu ukubheka ushintsho oluthile kumaseli.

• I-Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) ne-human papillomavirus (HPV) test: Isivivinyo esihlola amaseli kusampula lesicubu se-EBV ne-HPV DNA.

• I-MRI (imaging resonance imaging): Inqubo esebenzisa uzibuthe, amagagasi omsakazo, nekhompyutha ukwenza uchungechunge lwezithombe ezinemininingwane yezindawo ezingaphakathi komzimba. Le nqubo ibizwa nangokuthi i-nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (i-NMRI).

• I-CT scan (i-CAT scan): Inqubo eyenza uchungechunge lwezithombe ezinemininingwane yezindawo ezingaphakathi komzimba, ezithathwe ezinhlangothini ezahlukene. Izithombe zenziwa yikhompyutha exhunywe kumshini we-x-ray. Idayi ingajovwa emthanjeni noma igwinywe ukusiza izitho noma izicubu zivele kahle. Le nqubo ibizwa nangokuthi i-computed tomography, i-computerized tomography, noma i-computer axial tomography.

Iskena sekhompiyutha (CT) sekhanda nentamo. Isiguli silele etafuleni elishibilika ngesithwebuli se-CT, esithatha izithombe ze-x-ray ezingaphakathi kwekhanda nentamo.

• I-PET scan (i-positron emission tomography scan): Inqubo yokuthola amangqamuzana abulalayo omzimba emzimbeni. Inani elincane le-glucose enemisebe (ushukela) lifakwa emthanjeni. Isithwebuli se-PET sizungeza umzimba futhi senze isithombe lapho i-glucose isetshenziswa khona emzimbeni. Amaseli amathumba amabi abonakala ekhanya esithombeni ngoba ayasebenza futhi athatha i-glucose eningi kunamaseli avamile. Ukuhlolwa komzimba wonke kwe-PET kanye ne-CT scan kwenziwa ngasikhathi sinye ukubheka lapho umdlavuza waqala khona. Uma kukhona umdlavuza, lokhu kwandisa amathuba okuthi utholakale.

Ukuxilongwa kwesimila sokuqala somlingo kwenziwa uma isimila sokuqala singatholakali ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa noma sokwelashwa.

Izici ezithile zithinta ukubikezela (ithuba lokululama) kanye nezinketho zokwelashwa.

Isibikezelo (ithuba lokululama) nezinketho zokwelashwa zincike kokulandelayo:

• Inani nosayizi wama-lymph node anomdlavuza kuwo.

• Ukuthi umdlavuza usuphendulile ekwelashweni noma ubuyile (buyela emuva).

• Ahluke kanjani kokujwayelekile amangqamuzana omdlavuza abukeka ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu.

• Iminyaka yesiguli nempilo ejwayelekile.

Izinketho zokwelashwa zincike kokulandelayo:

• Iyiphi ingxenye yentamo umdlavuza okuyo.

• Ukuthi kuyatholakala yini izimpawu ezithile zesimila.

Okuyinhloko

AMAPHUZU ASEMQOKA

• Ngemuva kokutholakala komdlavuza we-metastatic squamous neck one-primary occult kutholakala, kwenziwa ukuhlolwa ukuthola ukuthi amangqamuzana omdlavuza asenabele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

• Zintathu izindlela umdlavuza osakazeka ngayo emzimbeni.

Ngemuva kokutholakala komdlavuza we-metastatic squamous neck one-primary occult kutholakala, kwenziwa ukuhlolwa ukuthola ukuthi amangqamuzana omdlavuza asenabele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

Inqubo esetshenzisiwe ukuthola ukuthi umdlavuza ususabalele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba ibizwa ngokuthi yi-staging. Imiphumela evela ezivivinyweni nasezinkambisweni ezisetshenziselwa ukuthola nokuhlonza isimila sokuqala nayo iyasetshenziswa ukuthola ukuthi umdlavuza ususabalele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

Akunasistimu ejwayelekile yokubeka umdlavuza wentamo we-metastatic squamous nge-primary occult. Izimila zichazwa njengezingalashwa noma eziphindaphindwayo. Umdlavuza wentamo we-squamous squatous ongalashwa onomdlavuza oyinhloko umdlavuza osanda kutholakala futhi ongakaze welashwe, ngaphandle kokunciphisa izimpawu nezimpawu ezibangelwa umdlavuza.

Zintathu izindlela umdlavuza osakazeka ngayo emzimbeni.

Umdlavuza ungasakazeka ngezicubu, uhlelo lwe-lymph, kanye negazi:

• Izicubu. Umdlavuza usakazeka lapho uqale khona ngokukhulela ezindaweni eziseduze.

• Uhlelo lweLymph. Umdlavuza usakazeka lapho uqale khona ngokungena ohlelweni lwe-lymph. Umdlavuza udabula imithambo ye-lymph uye kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

• Igazi. Umdlavuza usakazeka lapho uqale khona ngokungena egazini. Umdlavuza uhamba ngemithambo yegazi uye kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

Umdlavuza We-Metastatic Squamous Neck Ophindaphindekayo one-Occult Primary

Umdlavuza ophindaphindiwe we-metastatic squamous neck onomlingo oyinhloko umdlavuza ophindile (wabuya) ngemuva kokuba welashwe. Umdlavuza ungabuya entanyeni noma kwezinye izitho zomzimba.

Uhlolojikelele lwenketho yokwelashwa

AMAPHUZU ASEMQOKA

• Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokwelashwa kweziguli ezinomdlavuza we-metastatic squamous neck onama-primary occult.

• Izinhlobo ezimbili zokwelashwa okujwayelekile zisetshenzisiwe:

• Ukuhlinzwa

• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe

• Izinhlobo ezintsha zokwelashwa ziyahlolwa ezivivinyweni zokwelashwa.

• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali

• Ukwelashwa kwemisebe ye-hyperfractionated

• Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wentamo we-metastatic squamous nge-primary occult kungadala imiphumela emibi.

• Iziguli zingafuna ukucabanga ngokubamba iqhaza esivivinyweni somtholampilo.

• Iziguli zingangena ezivivinyweni zokwelashwa ngaphambi, ngesikhathi, noma ngemuva kokuqala ukwelashwa kwazo komdlavuza.

• Ukuhlolwa kokulandelela kungadingeka.

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokwelashwa kweziguli ezinomdlavuza we-metastatic squamous neck onama-primary occult.

Izinhlobo ezahlukene zokwelashwa ziyatholakala ezigulini ezinomdlavuza we-metastatic squamous neck onama-primary occult. Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zijwayelekile (indlela esetshenziswa njengamanje), kanti ezinye ziyahlolwa ezivivinyweni zokwelashwa. Isivivinyo somtholampilo wokwelashwa isifundo socwaningo esihloselwe ukusiza ukuthuthukisa ukwelashwa kwamanje noma ukuthola ulwazi ngezindlela zokwelashwa ezintsha zeziguli ezinomdlavuza. Lapho izivivinyo zokwelashwa zibonisa ukuthi ukwelashwa okusha kungcono kunokwelashwa okujwayelekile, ukwelashwa okusha kungaba ukwelashwa okujwayelekile. Iziguli zingafuna ukucabanga ngokubamba iqhaza esivivinyweni somtholampilo. Ezinye izivivinyo zokwelashwa zivulekele kuphela iziguli ezingakaqali ukwelashwa.

Izinhlobo ezimbili zokwelashwa okujwayelekile zisetshenzisiwe:

Ukuhlinzwa

Ukuhlinzwa kungafaka ukwehlukaniswa kwentamo. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokuhlukaniswa kwentamo, ngokuya ngenani lezicubu ezisusiweyo.

• Ukuhlukaniswa kwentamo okunamandla: Ukuhlinzwa ukukhipha izicubu kolunye noma emaceleni omabili entamo phakathi komhlathi nokhololo, kufaka phakathi okulandelayo:

• Wonke ama-lymph node.

• Umthambo wejugular.

• Imisipha nezinzwa ezisetshenziselwa ukunyakazisa ubuso, intamo nokuhamba kwamahlombe, ukukhuluma nokugwinya.

Isiguli singadinga ukwelashwa ngokomzimba komphimbo, intamo, ihlombe, kanye / noma ingalo ngemuva kokuhlukaniswa okukhulu kwentamo. Ukuhlukaniswa kwentamo okukhulu kungasetshenziswa lapho umdlavuza usakazeke kakhulu entanyeni.

• Ukuhlukaniswa kwentambo okushintshiwe: Ukuhlinzwa ukususa wonke ama-lymph node kolunye noma ezinhlangothini zombili zentamo ngaphandle kokukhipha imisipha yentamo. Izinzwa kanye / noma umthambo wejugular ungasuswa.

• Ukuhlukaniswa kwentamo okuyingxenye: Ukuhlinzwa ukususa amanye ama-lymph node entanyeni. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi ukukhethwa kwentamo okukhethiwe.

Ngemuva kokuthi udokotela awususe wonke umdlavuza ongabonakala ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, ezinye iziguli zinganikezwa ukwelashwa ngemisebe ngemuva kokuhlinzwa ukubulala noma yimaphi amangqamuzana omdlavuza asele. Ukwelashwa okunikezwa ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, ukwehlisa ubungozi bokuthi umdlavuza uzobuya, kubizwa ngokuthi yi-adjuvant therapy.

Ukwelashwa ngemisebe

Ukwelashwa ngemisebe ukwelashwa komdlavuza okusebenzisa amandla amakhulu ama-x-ray noma ezinye izinhlobo zemisebe ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza noma ukuwagcina ekukhuleni. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokwelashwa ngemisebe:

• Ukwelashwa kwemisebe kwangaphandle kusebenzisa umshini ongaphandle komzimba ukuthumela imisebe ebheke emdlavuzeni.

Ukwelashwa kwemisebe yangaphandle yegundane lekhanda nentamo. Kusetshenziswa umshini ukukhomba imisebe ephezulu yamandla emdlavuza. Umshini ungazungeza isiguli, uhambise imisebe evela ezinhlangothini eziningi ezahlukahlukene ukuhlinzeka ukwelashwa okufana kakhulu. Isifihla mesh sisiza ukugcina ikhanda nentamo yesiguli kunganyakazi ngesikhathi sokwelashwa. Omaki abancane bakayinki bafakwa kumaskhi. Amaki oyinki asetshenziselwa ukulinganisa umshini wemisebe endaweni efanayo ngaphambi kokwelashwa ngakunye.

Izindlela ezithile zokunikeza ukwelashwa ngemisebe kungasiza ukugcina imisebe ekulimaleni izicubu ezinempilo eziseduze. Lolu hlobo lokwelashwa ngemisebe lungafaka okulandelayo:

• Ukwelashwa kwemisebe ye-intension-modulated (IMRT): I-IMRT uhlobo lokwelashwa kwemisebe ka-3-dimensional (3-D) esebenzisa ikhompyutha ukwenza izithombe zosayizi nokuma kwesimila. Imishayo emincane yemisebe yamandla ahlukene (amandla) ihloselwe isimila ezinhlangothini eziningi. Lolu hlobo lokwelashwa ngemisebe mancane amathuba okuthi lubangele umlomo owomile, inkinga yokugwinya, nokulimaza isikhumba.

• Ukwelashwa kwemisebe kwangaphakathi kusebenzisa into enemisebe eboshwe ngezinaliti, izimbewu, izintambo, noma ama-catheters abekwe ngqo noma eduze komdlavuza.

Indlela yokwelashwa ngemisebe enikezwa ngayo incike ohlotsheni lomdlavuza olashwa. Ukwelashwa kwemisebe yangaphandle kusetshenziselwa ukwelapha umdlavuza wentamo we-squamous nge-primary occult.

Ukwelashwa kwemisebe entanyeni kungashintsha indlela indlala yegilo esebenza ngayo. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungenziwa ukubheka izinga le-hormone yegilo emzimbeni ngaphambi kokwelashwa kanye nokuhlolwa okujwayelekile ngemuva kokwelashwa.

Izinhlobo ezintsha zokwelashwa ziyahlolwa ezivivinyweni zokwelashwa.

Lesi sigaba esifingqiwe sichaza izindlela zokwelashwa ezicwaningwa ekuhlolweni kwemitholampilo. Kungenzeka kungasho yonke imishanguzo emisha efundwayo. Imininingwane mayelana nokuhlolwa kwemitholampilo iyatholakala kuwebhusayithi ye-NCI.

Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali

I-Chemotherapy yindlela yokwelapha umdlavuza esebenzisa izidakamizwa ukuvimba ukukhula kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza, kungaba ngokubulala amaseli noma ngokuwavimba ekuhlukaniseni. Lapho i-chemotherapy ithathwa ngomlomo noma ifakwa emthanjeni noma emisipheni, izidakamizwa zingena egazini futhi zingafinyelela kumaseli womdlavuza emzimbeni wonke (systemic chemotherapy). Lapho i-chemotherapy ifakwa ngqo ku-cerebrospinal fluid, isitho, noma umgodi womzimba njengesisu, izidakamizwa zithinta kakhulu amangqamuzana omdlavuza kulezo zindawo (i-chemotherapy yesifunda).

Ukwelashwa kwemisebe ye-hyperfractionated

Ukwelashwa kwemisebe ye-Hyperfraction uhlobo lokulashwa kwemisebe yangaphandle lapho isilinganiso esincane sansuku zonke semisebe ye-radiation sihlukaniswe ngemithamo emibili kanti ukwelashwa kunikezwa kabili ngosuku. Ukwelashwa kwemisebe ye-hyperfraction kunikezwa ngesikhathi esifanayo (izinsuku noma amasonto) njengokwelashwa okujwayelekile kwemisebe.

Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wentamo we-metastatic squamous nge-primary occult kungadala imiphumela emibi.

Ngemininingwane ngemiphumela engemihle ebangelwe ukwelashwa komdlavuza, bheka ikhasi lethu le-Side Effects.

Iziguli zingafuna ukucabanga ngokubamba iqhaza esivivinyweni somtholampilo.

Kwezinye iziguli, ukubamba iqhaza esivivinyweni somtholampilo kungaba yindlela engcono kakhulu yokwelashwa. Ukuhlolwa kwemitholampilo kuyingxenye yenqubo yocwaningo lomdlavuza. Ukuhlolwa komtholampilo kuyenziwa ukuthola ukuthi ngabe ukwelashwa komdlavuza okusha kuphephile futhi kuyasebenza yini noma kungcono kunokwelashwa okujwayelekile.

Eziningi zezindlela zokwelashwa ezijwayelekile zomdlavuza zisuselwa ekuhlolweni kokuqala komtholampilo. Iziguli ezibamba iqhaza esivivinyweni somtholampilo zingathola ukwelashwa okujwayelekile noma zibe phakathi kwabokuqala ukuthola ukwelashwa okusha.

Iziguli ezibamba iqhaza ezivivinyweni zokwelashwa zisiza nokwenza ngcono indlela umdlavuza ozophathwa ngayo ngokuzayo. Noma izilingo zomtholampilo zingaholeli ekwelashweni okusha okusebenzayo, zivame ukuphendula imibuzo ebalulekile futhi zisize ukuqhubela phambili ucwaningo.

Iziguli zingangena ezivivinyweni zokwelashwa ngaphambi, ngesikhathi, noma ngemuva kokuqala ukwelashwa kwazo komdlavuza.

Ezinye izivivinyo zokwelashwa zifaka kuphela iziguli ezingakatholi ukwelashwa. Ezinye izilingo zivivinya ukwelashwa kweziguli ezinomdlavuza ongakabi ngcono. Kukhona nokuhlolwa komtholampilo okuhlola izindlela ezintsha zokunqanda umdlavuza ukuthi ungaphindi (ubuye) noma kunciphise imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa komdlavuza.

Ukuhlolwa kwemitholampilo kuyenzeka ezingxenyeni eziningi zezwe. Imininingwane mayelana nokuhlolwa kwemitholampilo esekelwa yi-NCI ingatholakala ekhasini lewebhu le-NCI lokuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kwemitholampilo. Izivivinyo zomtholampilo ezisekelwa ezinye izinhlangano zingatholakala kuwebhusayithi yeClinicalTrials.gov.

Ukuhlolwa kokulandelela kungadingeka.

Olunye uvivinyo olwenziwe ukuxilonga umdlavuza noma ukuthola isigaba somdlavuza lungaphindwa. Olunye uvivinyo luzophindwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi umuthi usebenza kanjani. Izinqumo mayelana nokuthi uqhubeke, ushintshe, noma umise ukwelashwa zingasuselwa emiphumeleni yalezi zivivinyo.

Ezinye zezivivinyo zizoqhubeka ukwenziwa ngezikhathi ezithile ngemuva kokuphela kokwelashwa. Imiphumela yalezi zivivinyo ingakhombisa ukuthi ngabe isimo sakho sishintshile noma uma umdlavuza ubuyile (buyela emuva). Lezi zivivinyo kwesinye isikhathi zibizwa ngokuthi izivivinyo zokulandelela noma ukuhlolwa.

Izinketho Zokwelapha I-Metastatic Squamous Neck Cancer nge-Occult Primary

Kulesi Sigaba

• Umdlavuza Wentamo Ye-Metastatic Squamous Ngelashiwe nge-Occult Primary

• Umdlavuza We-Metastatic Squamous Neck Ophindaphindekayo one-Occult Primary

Ngemininingwane mayelana nokwelashwa okubalwe ngezansi, bheka isigaba se-Treatment Option Overview section.

Umdlavuza Wentamo Ye-Metastatic Squamous Ngelashiwe nge-Occult Primary

Ukwelashwa komdlavuza we-metastatic squamous neck ongelashwa nge-primary occult kungafaka okulandelayo:

• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe.

• Ukuhlinzwa.

• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kulandelwa ukuhlinzwa.

• Isivivinyo somtholampilo se-chemotherapy esilandelwa ukwelashwa ngemisebe.

• Isivivinyo somtholampilo se-chemotherapy esinikezwe ngasikhathi sinye njengokwelashwa kwemisebe ye-hyperfractionated.

• Ukuhlolwa kwemitholampilo yokwelashwa okusha.

Sebenzisa ukusesha kwethu kokuhlolwa komtholampilo ukuthola izivivinyo zomtholampilo ezisekelwa yi-NCI ezamukela iziguli. Ungasesha izivivinyo ngokususelwa ohlotsheni lomdlavuza, iminyaka yesiguli, nalapho kwenziwa khona izivivinyo. Imininingwane ejwayelekile mayelana nokuhlolwa kwemitholampilo iyatholakala.

Umdlavuza We-Metastatic Squamous Neck Ophindaphindekayo one-Occult Primary

Ukwelashwa komdlavuza we-metastatic squamous neck ophindaphindiwe nge-primary occult kuvame ukuba ngaphakathi kwesivivinyo somtholampilo.

Sebenzisa ukusesha kwethu kokuhlolwa komtholampilo ukuthola izivivinyo zomtholampilo ezisekelwa yi-NCI ezamukela iziguli. Ungasesha izivivinyo ngokususelwa ohlotsheni lomdlavuza, iminyaka yesiguli, nalapho kwenziwa khona izivivinyo. Imininingwane ejwayelekile mayelana nokuhlolwa kwemitholampilo iyatholakala.

Ukufunda Okwengeziwe Ngomdlavuza Wentamo Ye-Metastatic Squamous nge-Occult Primary

Ngemininingwane engaphezulu evela ku-National Cancer Institute mayelana nomdlavuza wentamo we-metastatic squamous nge-primary occult, bheka okulandelayo:

• ICarcinoma Yekhasi Lasekhaya Eliyinhloko elingaziwa

• Ikhasi Lasekhaya Lomdlavuza Wekhanda Nentamo

• Izinkinga zomlomo zeChemotherapy kanye neNhloko / Intamo Yemisebe

• I-Metastatic Cancer

Ngemininingwane ejwayelekile yomdlavuza nezinye izinsiza ezivela ku-National Cancer Institute, bheka okulandelayo:

• Mayelana Nomdlavuza

• Isiteji

• I-Chemotherapy kanye Nawe: Ukusekelwa Kwabantu Abanomdlavuza

• Ukwelashwa Kwemisebe Nawe: Ukusekelwa Kwabantu Abanomdlavuza

• Ukubhekana Nomdlavuza

• Imibuzo Ongayibuza Udokotela Wakho mayelana Nomdlavuza

• Kwabasindile Nabanakekeli