Izinhlobo / isifuba / isiguli / ukwelashwa kwebele-pdq

Inguqulo Yokwelapha Umdlavuza Webele Yengane

Imininingwane Ejwayelekile Mayelana Nomdlavuza Webele Lezingane

AMAPHUZU ASEMQOKA

• Umdlavuza webele yisifo lapho amangqamuzana abulalayo (umdlavuza) akha izicubu zesifuba.

• Izicubu eziningi zamabele ezinganeni zingama-fibroadenomas (hhayi umdlavuza).

• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe esifubeni noma esifubeni ukwelapha umdlavuza wangaphambilini kwandisa ingozi yomdlavuza webele.

• Izimpawu zomdlavuza webele zifaka phakathi isigaxa noma ukuqina ngaphakathi noma eduze kwebele.

• Ukuhlolwa okuhlola isifuba kusetshenziselwa ukuthola (ukuthola) nokuthola umdlavuza webele.

Umdlavuza webele yisifo lapho amangqamuzana abulalayo (umdlavuza) akha izicubu zesifuba.

Isifuba sakhiwe ngama-lobes namapayipi. Ibele ngalinye linezigaba eziyi-15 kuya kwezingu-20 ezibizwa ngama-lobes. I-lobe ngayinye inezigaba eziningi ezincane ezibizwa ngama-lobules. AmaLobules aphela ngama-bulb amancane amaningi angenza ubisi. Ama-lobes, ama-lobules, nama-bulb axhumene namashubhu amancane abizwa ngokuthi ama-ducts.

Umdlavuza webele ungavela ezicutshini zamabele zombili zabesilisa nabesifazane.

Umdlavuza webele umdlavuza ovame kakhulu kubantu besifazane abaneminyaka engu-15 kuya kwengu-39; kodwa ngaphansi kuka-5% wawo wonke umdlavuza wamabele wenzeka kwabesifazane kuleli qembu lobudala. Umdlavuza webele kwabesifazane abaneminyaka engu-15 kuya kwengu-39 unolaka futhi kunzima ukwelapha kunabesifazane asebekhulile. Ukwelashwa kwabesifazane abancane nabadala kuyafana. Iziguli ezisencane ezinomdlavuza webele zingaba nokwelulekwa ngofuzo (ingxoxo nochwepheshe oqeqeshiwe mayelana nezifo ezizuzwe njengefa) nokuhlolwa kwama-syndromes womdlavuza womndeni. Futhi, imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa ekuzaleni kufanele ibhekwe.

Izicubu eziningi zamabele ezinganeni zingama-fibroadenomas (hhayi umdlavuza).

I-Fibroadenomas yizicubu ezinobungozi. Imvamisa, lezi zicubu ziba izicubu ezinkulu ze-phyllode (umdlavuza) bese ziqala ukukhula ngokushesha. Uma isimila esibi siqala ukukhula ngokushesha, kuzokwenziwa i-biopsy yenaliti enhle (i-FNA) noma i-biopsy ethandekayo. Izicubu ezisuswe ngesikhathi se-biopsy zizobukwa ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu ngudokotela wezifo ezihlola izimpawu zomdlavuza.

Ukwelashwa ngemisebe esifubeni noma esifubeni ukwelapha umdlavuza wangaphambilini kwandisa ingozi yomdlavuza webele.

Noma yini eyandisa amathuba akho okuthola isifo ibizwa ngokuthi ingozi. Ukuba nengcuphe akusho ukuthi uzothola umdlavuza; ukungabi nezici zobungozi akusho ukuthi ngeke uthole umdlavuza. Khuluma nodokotela wengane yakho uma ucabanga ukuthi ingane yakho ingaba sengcupheni yomdlavuza webele.

Izici ezinobungozi zomdlavuza webele ezinganeni, ebusheni nasebancane zifaka okulandelayo:

• Ukwelashwa kwangaphambilini ngokwelashwa ngemisebe esifubeni noma esifubeni komunye umdlavuza, njengeHodgkin lymphoma.

• Ukuba nomlando womuntu siqu wohlobo lomdlavuza olungasakazeka esifubeni, njenge-leukemia, i-rhabdomyosarcoma, i-soft sarcoma yezicubu, noma i-lymphoma.

• Umlando womndeni womdlavuza webele kumama, ubaba, udadewabo, noma umfowenu.

• Izinguquko ezizuzwe njengefa kuhlobo lwe-BRCA1 noma i-BRCA2 noma kwezinye izakhi zofuzo ezandisa ingozi yomdlavuza webele.

Izimpawu zomdlavuza webele zifaka phakathi isigaxa noma ukuqina ngaphakathi noma eduze kwebele.

Lezi kanye nezinye izimpawu nezimpawu zingabangelwa umdlavuza webele noma ezinye izimo.

Buza kudokotela wengane yakho uma ingane yakho inokunye kwalokhu okulandelayo:

• Isigaxa noma ukuqina esifubeni noma eduze kwaso noma endaweni engaphansi.

• Ushintsho kusayizi noma ekubunjweni kwebele.

• I-dimple noma i-puckering esikhumbeni sebele.

• Ingono yajika yangena ebeleni.

• Uketshezi, ngaphandle kobisi lwebele, oluvela ezingonweni, kufaka phakathi igazi.

• Isikhumba esibomvu, esibomvu, noma esivuvukele esifubeni, engonweni, noma e-areola (indawo emnyama yesikhumba ezungeze ingono).

• Ama-dimples esifubeni abukeka njengesikhumba se-orange, okuthiwa i-peau d'orange.

Ukuhlolwa okuhlola isifuba kusetshenziselwa ukuthola (ukuthola) nokuthola umdlavuza webele.

Lezi zivivinyo nezinqubo ezilandelayo zingasetshenziswa:

• Ukuhlolwa komzimba kanye nomlando wezempilo: Ukuhlolwa komzimba ukuhlola izimpawu ezijwayelekile zempilo, kufaka phakathi nokuhlola izimpawu zezifo, njengezigaxa noma yini enye ebonakala ingajwayelekile. Kuzothathwa nomlando wemikhuba yezempilo yesiguli kanye nokugula nokwelashwa kwangaphambilini.

• Ukuhlolwa kwebele lomtholampilo (i-CBE): Ukuhlolwa kwesifuba ngudokotela noma omunye uchwepheshe wezempilo. Udokotela uzolizwa kahle ibele nangaphansi kwengalo ukuthola izigaxa nanoma yini enye ebonakala ingajwayelekile.

• I-Mammogram: I-x-ray yebele. Lapho ukwelashwa komunye umdlavuza kufaka phakathi ukwelashwa ngemisebe esifubeni noma esifubeni, kubalulekile ukuba ne-mammogram ne-MRI yesifuba ukuze uhlole umdlavuza webele. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ekuqaleni kweminyaka yobudala engama-25, noma iminyaka eyishumi ngemuva kokuqeda ukwelashwa ngemisebe, noma ikuphi kamuva.

• I-MRI (imaging resonance imaging): Inqubo esebenzisa uzibuthe, amagagasi omsakazo, nekhompyutha ukwenza uchungechunge lwezithombe ezinemininingwane yawo womabili amabele. Le nqubo ibizwa nangokuthi i-nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (i-NMRI).

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Ultrasound: Inqubo lapho amaza omsindo wamandla aphezulu (i-ultrasound) ehlaselwa izicubu zangaphakathi noma izitho bese enza ama-echoes. Ama-echoes akha isithombe sezicubu zomzimba esibizwa nge-sonogram. Isithombe singaphrintwa ukuze sibhekwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

• I-PET scan (i-positron emission tomography scan): Inqubo yokuthola amangqamuzana abulalayo omzimba emzimbeni. Inani elincane le-glucose enemisebe (ushukela) lifakwa emthanjeni. Isithwebuli se-PET sizungeza umzimba futhi senze isithombe lapho i-glucose isetshenziswa khona emzimbeni. Amaseli amathumba amabi abonakala ekhanya esithombeni ngoba ayasebenza futhi athatha i-glucose eningi kunamaseli avamile.

Ukuskena kwePositron emission tomography (PET). Ingane ilele phezu kwetafula elishibilika ngesithwebuli se-PET. Ukuphumula kwekhanda nomucu omhlophe kusiza ingane ukuba ilele inganyakazi. Inani elincane le-glucose enemisebe (ushukela) lifakwa emthanjeni wengane, futhi isithwebuli senza isithombe sokuthi i-glucose isetshenziswa kuphi emzimbeni. Amaseli womdlavuza avela ngokugqamile esithombeni ngoba athatha i-glucose eningi kunamaseli avamile.

• Izifundo ze-chemistry yegazi: Inqubo lapho kuhlolwe khona isampula segazi ukukala inani lezinto ezithile ezikhishwe egazini ngezitho nezicubu zomzimba. Inani elingavamile (eliphakeme noma eliphansi kunokujwayelekile) lezinto kungaba uphawu lwesifo.

• I-x-ray yesifuba: I-x-ray yezitho namathambo ngaphakathi kwesifuba. I-x-ray uhlobo lwesigongolo samandla esingangena emzimbeni nasefilimini, lwenze isithombe sezindawo ezingaphakathi komzimba.

• I-Biopsy: Ukususwa kwamaseli noma izicubu ukuze kubhekwe ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu ngudokotela wezifo ukuhlola izimpawu zomdlavuza.

Izigaba Zomdlavuza Wamabele Ebuntwaneni

AMAPHUZU ASEMQOKA

• Alukho uhlelo olujwayelekile lokubeka umdlavuza webele ebuntwaneni.

• Zintathu izindlela umdlavuza osakazeka ngayo emzimbeni.

• Umdlavuza ungasakazeka usuka lapho uqale khona kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

Alukho uhlelo olujwayelekile lokubeka umdlavuza webele ebuntwaneni.

Inqubo esetshenziswayo ukuthola ukuthi umdlavuza ususabalele kusukela ebeleni uye ezindaweni eziseduze noma kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba ibizwa ngokuthi yi-staging. Alukho uhlelo olujwayelekile lokubeka umdlavuza webele wobuntwana. Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kanye nezinqubo ezenziwe ukuthola umdlavuza webele zisetshenziselwa ukusiza ukwenza izinqumo mayelana nokwelashwa.

Zintathu izindlela umdlavuza osakazeka ngayo emzimbeni.

Umdlavuza ungasakazeka ngezicubu, uhlelo lwe-lymph, kanye negazi:

• Izicubu. Umdlavuza usakazeka lapho uqale khona ngokukhulela ezindaweni eziseduze.

• Uhlelo lweLymph. Umdlavuza usakazeka lapho uqale khona ngokungena ohlelweni lwe-lymph. Umdlavuza udabula imithambo ye-lymph uye kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

• Igazi. Umdlavuza usakazeka lapho uqale khona ngokungena egazini. Umdlavuza uhamba ngemithambo yegazi uye kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

Umdlavuza ungasakazeka usuka lapho uqale khona kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

Lapho umdlavuza usakazekela kolunye uhlangothi lomzimba, ubizwa ngokuthi yi-metastasis. Amaseli womdlavuza aqhamuka lapho aqale khona (isimila sokuqala) futhi ahamba ngohlelo lwe-lymph noma igazi.

• Uhlelo lweLymph. Umdlavuza ungena ohlelweni lwe-lymph, udabule emithanjeni ye-lymph, bese wenza isimila (isimila se-metastatic) kwenye ingxenye yomzimba.

• Igazi. Umdlavuza ungena egazini, udabule emithanjeni yegazi, bese wenza isimila (isimila se-metastatic) kwenye ingxenye yomzimba.

Isigaxa se-metastatic luhlobo olufanayo lomdlavuza njengesimila sokuqala. Isibonelo, uma umdlavuza webele usakazekela ethanjeni, amangqamuzana omdlavuza asethanjeni empeleni angamaseli omdlavuza webele. Lesi sifo umdlavuza webele we-metastatic, hhayi umdlavuza wethambo.

Umdlavuza Webele Ophindaphindiwe

Umdlavuza webele ophindaphindiwe wumdlavuza obuye wabuya (ubuye) ngemuva kokuba welashwe. Umdlavuza ungabuya ebeleni noma kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

Uhlolojikelele lwenketho yokwelashwa

AMAPHUZU ASEMQOKA

• Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zokwelashwa kwezingane nentsha enomdlavuza webele.

• Izingane nentsha enomdlavuza webele kufanele ukuhlelelwa kwabo kuhlelwe ithimba lodokotela abangochwepheshe ekwelapheni umdlavuza wezingane.

• Izinhlobo ezimbili zokwelashwa okujwayelekile zisetshenziselwa izicubu zesifuba ezinobungozi:

• Ukulinda okulindile

• Ukuhlinzwa

• Izinhlobo ezimbili zokwelashwa okujwayelekile zisetshenziselwa umdlavuza webele:

• Ukuhlinzwa

• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe

• Izinhlobo ezintsha zokwelashwa ziyahlolwa ezivivinyweni zokwelashwa.

• Ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe

• Ukwelashwa komdlavuza webele wezingane kungadala imiphumela emibi.

• Iziguli zingafuna ukucabanga ngokubamba iqhaza esivivinyweni somtholampilo.

• Iziguli zingangena ezivivinyweni zokwelashwa ngaphambi, ngesikhathi, noma ngemuva kokuqala ukwelashwa kwazo komdlavuza.

• Ukuhlolwa kokulandelela kungadingeka.

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zokwelashwa kwezingane nentsha enomdlavuza webele.

Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zijwayelekile (indlela esetshenziswa njengamanje), kanti ezinye ziyahlolwa ezivivinyweni zokwelashwa. Isivivinyo somtholampilo wokwelashwa isifundo socwaningo esihloselwe ukusiza ukuthuthukisa ukwelashwa kwamanje noma ukuthola ulwazi ngezindlela zokwelashwa ezintsha zeziguli ezinomdlavuza. Lapho izivivinyo zokwelashwa zibonisa ukuthi ukwelashwa okusha kungcono kunokwelashwa okujwayelekile, ukwelashwa okusha kungaba ukwelashwa okujwayelekile.

Ngoba umdlavuza ezinganeni uyivelakancane, ukubamba iqhaza esivivinyweni somtholampilo kufanele kubhekwe. Ezinye izivivinyo zokwelashwa zivulekele kuphela iziguli ezingakaqali ukwelashwa.

Izingane nentsha enomdlavuza webele kufanele ukuhlelelwa kwabo kuhlelwe ithimba lodokotela abangochwepheshe ekwelapheni umdlavuza wezingane.

Ukwelashwa kuzobhekwa ngudokotela wezingane oncologist, udokotela ogxile ekwelapheni izingane ezinomdlavuza. Udokotela we-oncologist usebenza nabanye ochwepheshe bezempilo yezingane abangochwepheshe ekwelapheni izingane ezinomdlavuza futhi abagxile ezindaweni ezithile zemithi. Lokhu kungafaka ongoti abalandelayo nabanye:

• Udokotela wezingane.

• Udokotela ohlinzayo wezingane.

• I-radiation oncologist.

• Udokotela wezifo zengqondo.

• Umhlengikazi ongumhlengikazi.

• Usonhlala kahle.

• Uchwepheshe wokuvuselelwa.

• Isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo.

• Ingcweti kwezempilo yengane.

Izinhlobo ezimbili zokwelashwa okujwayelekile zisetshenziselwa izicubu zesifuba ezinobungozi:

Ukulinda okulindile

Ukulinda ngokuqapha kusibhekisisa isimo sesiguli ngaphandle kokunikeza ukwelashwa kuze kuvele izimpawu noma izimpawu. Izicubu zesifuba seBenign zinganyamalala ngaphandle kokwelashwa.

Ukuhlinzwa

Kuhlinzwa ukwenziwa ukususa isimila, kepha hhayi lonke ibele.

Izinhlobo ezimbili zokwelashwa okujwayelekile zisetshenziselwa umdlavuza webele:

Ukuhlinzwa

Kuhlinzwa ukwenziwa ukukhipha umdlavuza, kodwa hhayi lonke ibele.

Ukwelashwa ngemisebe

Ukwelashwa ngemisebe ukwelashwa komdlavuza okusebenzisa amandla amakhulu ama-x-ray noma ezinye izinhlobo zemisebe ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza noma ukuwagcina ekukhuleni. Ukwelashwa kwemisebe kwangaphandle kusebenzisa umshini ongaphandle komzimba ukuthumela imisebe ebheke emdlavuzeni.

Izinhlobo ezintsha zokwelashwa ziyahlolwa ezivivinyweni zokwelashwa.

Lesi sigaba esifingqiwe sichaza izindlela zokwelashwa ezicwaningwa ekuhlolweni kwemitholampilo. Kungenzeka kungasho yonke imishanguzo emisha efundwayo. Imininingwane mayelana nokuhlolwa kwemitholampilo iyatholakala kuwebhusayithi ye-NCI.

Ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe

Ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe uhlobo lokwelashwa olusebenzisa izidakamizwa noma ezinye izinto ukuhlasela amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Izindlela zokwelashwa ezihlosiwe zivame ukudala ukulimala okuncane kumaseli ajwayelekile kunokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali noma ukwelashwa ngemisebe.

Ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe kuyacutshungulwa ukwelashwa komdlavuza webele wezingane ophindile (wabuya).

Ukwelashwa komdlavuza webele wezingane kungadala imiphumela emibi.

Ngemininingwane ngemiphumela emibi eqala ukwelashwa komdlavuza, bheka ikhasi lethu le-Side Effects.

Imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa komdlavuza eqala ngemuva kokwelashwa futhi iqhubeke izinyanga noma iminyaka ibizwa ngemiphumela ephuzile. Imiphumela yamuva yokwelashwa komdlavuza ingafaka:

• Izinkinga zomzimba.

• Izinguquko zemizwa, imizwa, ukucabanga, ukufunda, noma inkumbulo.

• Umdlavuza wesibili (izinhlobo ezintsha zomdlavuza) noma ezinye izimo.

Eminye imiphumela yesikhashana ingalashwa noma ilawulwe. Kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela bengane yakho ngemiphumela engaba khona sekwephuzile ebangelwe ukwelashwa okuthile. Bona isifinyezo se- ngemiphumela yamuva yokwelashwa komdlavuza wezingane ukuthola eminye imininingwane.

Iziguli zingafuna ukucabanga ngokubamba iqhaza esivivinyweni somtholampilo.

Kwezinye iziguli, ukubamba iqhaza esivivinyweni somtholampilo kungaba yindlela engcono kakhulu yokwelashwa. Ukuhlolwa kwemitholampilo kuyingxenye yenqubo yocwaningo lomdlavuza. Ukuhlolwa komtholampilo kuyenziwa ukuthola ukuthi ngabe ukwelashwa komdlavuza okusha kuphephile futhi kuyasebenza yini noma kungcono kunokwelashwa okujwayelekile.

Eziningi zezindlela zokwelashwa ezijwayelekile zomdlavuza zisuselwa ekuhlolweni kokuqala komtholampilo. Iziguli ezibamba iqhaza esivivinyweni somtholampilo zingathola ukwelashwa okujwayelekile noma zibe phakathi kwabokuqala ukuthola ukwelashwa okusha.

Iziguli ezibamba iqhaza ezivivinyweni zokwelashwa zisiza nokwenza ngcono indlela umdlavuza ozophathwa ngayo ngokuzayo. Noma izilingo zomtholampilo zingaholeli ekwelashweni okusha okusebenzayo, zivame ukuphendula imibuzo ebalulekile futhi zisize ukuqhubela phambili ucwaningo.

Iziguli zingangena ezivivinyweni zokwelashwa ngaphambi, ngesikhathi, noma ngemuva kokuqala ukwelashwa kwazo komdlavuza.

Ezinye izivivinyo zokwelashwa zifaka kuphela iziguli ezingakatholi ukwelashwa. Ezinye izilingo zivivinya ukwelashwa kweziguli ezinomdlavuza ongakabi ngcono. Kukhona nokuhlolwa komtholampilo okuhlola izindlela ezintsha zokunqanda umdlavuza ukuthi ungaphindi (ubuye) noma kunciphise imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa komdlavuza.

Ukuhlolwa kwemitholampilo kuyenzeka ezingxenyeni eziningi zezwe. Imininingwane mayelana nokuhlolwa kwemitholampilo esekelwa yi-NCI ingatholakala ekhasini lewebhu le-NCI lokuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kwemitholampilo. Izivivinyo zomtholampilo ezisekelwa ezinye izinhlangano zingatholakala kuwebhusayithi yeClinicalTrials.gov.

Ukuhlolwa kokulandelela kungadingeka.

Olunye uvivinyo olwenziwe ukuxilonga umdlavuza noma ukuthola isigaba somdlavuza lungaphindwa. Olunye uvivinyo luzophindwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi umuthi usebenza kanjani. Izinqumo mayelana nokuthi uqhubeke, ushintshe, noma umise ukwelashwa zingasuselwa emiphumeleni yalezi zivivinyo.

Ezinye zezivivinyo zizoqhubeka ukwenziwa ngezikhathi ezithile ngemuva kokuphela kokwelashwa. Imiphumela yalezi zivivinyo ingakhombisa ukuthi ngabe isimo sengane yakho sishintshile noma uma umdlavuza ubuyile (buyela emuva). Lezi zivivinyo kwesinye isikhathi zibizwa ngokuthi izivivinyo zokulandelela noma ukuhlolwa.

Ukwelashwa Kwezimila Zamabele Ezinganeni ZaseBenign

Ukuze uthole imininingwane engaphezulu mayelana nokwelashwa okubalwe ngezansi, bheka isigaba se-Treatment Option Overview section.

Ukwelashwa kwezimila zesifuba ezinobungozi ezinganeni kungafaka okulandelayo:

• Ukulinda okulindile. Lezi zicubu zinganyamalala ngaphandle kokwelashwa.

• Ukuhlinzwa ukukhipha isimila.

Ukwelashwa Komdlavuza Wamabele Ebuntwaneni

Ukuze uthole imininingwane engaphezulu mayelana nokwelashwa okubalwe ngezansi, bheka isigaba se-Treatment Option Overview section.

Ukwelashwa komdlavuza webele ezinganeni kungafaka okulandelayo:

• Ukuhlinzwa ukukhipha isimila, kepha hhayi lonke ibele. Ukwelashwa ngemisebe nakho kunganikezwa.

Sebenzisa ukusesha kwethu kokuhlolwa komtholampilo ukuthola izivivinyo zomtholampilo ezisekelwa yi-NCI ezamukela iziguli. Ungasesha izivivinyo ngokususelwa ohlotsheni lomdlavuza, iminyaka yesiguli, nalapho kwenziwa khona izivivinyo. Imininingwane ejwayelekile mayelana nokuhlolwa kwemitholampilo iyatholakala.

Ukwelashwa Komdlavuza Webele Webele Wengane

Ukuthola eminye imininingwane ngokwelashwa okubalwe ngezansi, bheka isigaba se-Treatment Option Overview section

Ukwelashwa komdlavuza ophindaphindiwe webele ezinganeni kungafaka okulandelayo:

• Isivivinyo somtholampilo esihlola isampula lesimila sesiguli ukuthola izinguquko ezithile zofuzo. Uhlobo lokwelashwa okuqondisiwe oluzonikezwa isiguli kuncike ohlotsheni lokushintsha kofuzo.

Bona isifinyezo se- Cancer Breast Cancer (Adult) ukuthola eminye imininingwane ngokwelashwa kwentsha kanye nabantu abadala abanomdlavuza webele.

Sebenzisa ukusesha kwethu kokuhlolwa komtholampilo ukuthola izivivinyo zomtholampilo ezisekelwa yi-NCI ezamukela iziguli. Ungasesha izivivinyo ngokususelwa ohlotsheni lomdlavuza, iminyaka yesiguli, nalapho kwenziwa khona izivivinyo. Imininingwane ejwayelekile mayelana nokuhlolwa kwemitholampilo iyatholakala.

Ukufunda Okwengeziwe Ngomdlavuza Webele Wengane

Ukuthola eminye imininingwane ngeNational Cancer Institute mayelana nomdlavuza webele, bheka okulandelayo:

• Ikhasi Lasekhaya Lomdlavuza Webele

• Izindlela Zokwelapha Zomdlavuza

• Izinguquko ze-BRCA: Ubungozi Bomdlavuza Nokuhlolwa Kofuzo

• Ukuhlolwa Kofuzo Kwezifo Ezizuzwayo Zokuthola Umdlavuza

Ngemininingwane eminingi yomdlavuza wezingane nezinye izinsiza zomdlavuza ezijwayelekile, bheka okulandelayo:

• Mayelana Nomdlavuza

• Umdlavuza Wezingane

• I-CureSearch ye-Cancer YezinganePhuma Ukuzikhulula

• Imiphumela Emuva Yokwelapha Yomdlavuza Wezingane

• Intsha kanye nabantu abadala abancane abaneCancer

• Izingane Ezinomdlavuza: Umhlahlandlela Wabazali

• Umdlavuza Ezinganeni Nasebusheni

• Isiteji

• Ukubhekana Nomdlavuza

• Imibuzo Ongayibuza Udokotela Wakho mayelana Nomdlavuza

• Kwabasindile Nabanakekeli