Mayelana-umdlavuza / ukwelashwa / izinhlobo / i-stem-cell-transplant

Ukufakwa Kwama-Stem Cell ekwelashweni komdlavuza

Ukufakelwa kwama-stem cell kusiza ekubuyiseleni amangqamuzana ama-stem akha igazi kubantu abaye babhujiswa okwabo yimithi ethile yomdlavuza.

Ukufakelwa kwama-stem cell kuyizinqubo ezibuyisa amangqamuzana okwenza iziqu okwakha igazi kubantu abaye babhujiswa ngamanani aphezulu kakhulu e-chemotherapy noma i-radiation therapy asetshenziselwa ukwelapha eminye imidlavuza.

Ama-stem cells akha igazi abalulekile ngoba akhula abe yizinhlobo ezahlukene zamaseli egazi. Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zamaseli egazi yilezi:

• Amaseli egazi amhlophe, ayingxenye yamasosha akho omzimba futhi asiza umzimba wakho ukulwa nokutheleleka

• Amaseli abomvu egazi, athwala umoya-mpilo emzimbeni wakho wonke

• Ama-Platelets, asiza i-clot yegazi

Udinga zonke izinhlobo ezintathu zamaseli egazi ukuze ube nempilo.

Izinhlobo Zokufakwa Kwamaseli E-Stem

Ekufakelweni kwe-stem cell, uthola amaseli we-stem aphilile akha igazi ngenaliti emthanjeni wakho. Lapho nje esengene egazini lakho, amaseli esiqu aya emnkantsheni wethambo, lapho ethatha khona indawo yamaseli abhujiswe ukwelashwa. Amaseli weziqu ezakha igazi asetshenziselwa ukufakelwa angavela emnkantsheni wethambo, egazini, noma enkabeni. Ukufakelwa kungaba:

• I-Autologous, okusho ukuthi amangqamuzana esiqu avela kuwe, isiguli

• I-Allogeneic, okusho ukuthi ama-stem cells aqhamuka komunye umuntu. Umnikeli angahle abe yisihlobo segazi kepha futhi angaba ngumuntu ongahlobene.

• I-Syngeneic, okusho ukuthi ama-stem cells avela kwiwele lakho elifanayo, uma unalo

Ukwehlisa imiphumela emibi engaba khona kanye nokwenza ngcono amathuba okuthi ukufakelwa kwe-allogeneic kuzosebenza, amangqamuzana ama-stem akha igazi lomnikeli kufanele afane nelakho ngezindlela ezithile. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nokuthi amangqamuzana okwenza iziqu akha igazi afanelana kanjani, bheka Ukufakelwa Kweziqu Ze-Stem Cell-Forming.

Ukutshalwa Kwamaseli E-Stem Kusebenza Kanjani Ekulweni Nomdlavuza

Ukufakelwa kwama-stem cell akuvamile ukusebenza ngokumelene nomdlavuza ngqo. Esikhundleni salokho, zikusiza ukuthi ubuyise ikhono lakho lokukhiqiza ama-stem cells ngemuva kokwelashwa ngemithamo ephezulu kakhulu yokwelashwa ngemisebe, i-chemotherapy, noma kokubili.

Kodwa-ke, kuma-myeloma amaningi nakwezinye izinhlobo ze-leukemia, ukufakelwa kwe-stem cell kungasebenza ngokumelene nomdlavuza ngqo. Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yomphumela obizwa ngokuthi yi-graft-versus-tumor ongenzeka ngemuva kokufakelwa kwe-allogeneic. I-Graft-versus-tumor yenzeka lapho amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi avela kumnikeli wakho (okuxhunywayo) ehlasela noma yimaphi amangqamuzana omdlavuza ahlala emzimbeni wakho (isimila) ngemuva kokwelapha okuphezulu. Lo mphumela uthuthukisa impumelelo yokwelashwa.

Ngubani Othola Ukufakelwa Kwama-Stem Cell

Ukufakelwa kwama-stem cell kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukusiza abantu abane-leukemia ne-lymphoma. Zingasetshenziselwa i-neuroblastoma kanye ne-myeloma eminingi.

Ukufakwa kwamaseli wesitembu kwezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza kuyacwaningwa ezivivinyweni zokwelashwa, okuyizifundo zocwaningo ezibandakanya abantu. Ukuthola isifundo esingaba yindlela ongayikhetha, bheka Thola Isivivinyo Somtholampilo.

Ukufakwa Kwama-Stem Cell Kungadala Imiphumela Emibi

Ukweqiwa okuphezulu kokwelashwa komdlavuza onakho ngaphambi kokufakelwa kwe-stem cell kungadala izinkinga ezifana nokopha kanye nengozi eyengeziwe yokutheleleka. Khuluma nodokotela wakho noma umhlengikazi ngeminye imiphumela emibi ongaba nayo nokuthi ingaba mibi kangakanani. Ngeminye imininingwane ngemiphumela engemihle nokuthi ungayilawula kanjani, bheka isigaba semiphumela emibi.

Uma une-allogeneic transplant, ungahle uhlakulele inkinga enkulu ebizwa nge-graft-versus-host disease. Isifo se-Graft-versus-host singenzeka lapho amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi avela kumnikeli wakho (okuxhunyelelwayo) abona amaseli emzimbeni wakho (umphathi) njengowezinye izizwe bese ewahlasela. Le nkinga ingadala ukulimala esikhunjeni sakho, esibindini, emathunjini, nakwezinye izitho eziningi. Kungenzeka ngemuva kwamasonto ambalwa ukufakelwa kabusha noma kamuva. Isifo se-Graft-versus-host singelashwa ngama-steroids noma ezinye izidakamizwa ezicindezela amasosha akho omzimba.

Lapho amaseli ezakhi egazi omnikezeli wakho egazi esondela kakhulu kuwe, mancane amathuba okuthi ube nesifo sokuxhunyelelwa. Udokotela wakho futhi angazama ukukuvimbela ngokunikeza izidakamizwa zokucindezela amasosha akho omzimba.

Izindleko Zokufakwa Kwesitokisi Esingakanani

Ukufakelwa kwamaseli ama-stem kuyizinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi ezibiza kakhulu. Izinhlelo eziningi zomshuwalense zihlanganisa ezinye izindleko zokufakelwa izinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza. Khuluma nohlelo lwakho lwezempilo ngokuthi izokhokhela ziphi izinsizakalo. Ukukhuluma nehhovisi lebhizinisi lapho uya khona ukuze uthole ukwelashwa kungakusiza uqonde zonke izindleko ezihilelekile.

Ukufunda ngamaqembu angakwazi ukuhlinzeka ngosizo lwezezimali, iya ku-database ye-National Cancer Institute, Izinhlangano ezinikeza Imisebenzi Yokusekela futhi useshe "usizo lwezezimali." Noma shayela inombolo yamahhala engu-1-800-4-CANCER (1-800-422-6237) ngolwazi ngamaqembu angakwazi ukusiza.

Yini Ongayilindela Lapho Uthola Ukufakelwa Kwama-Stem Cell

Lapho Uya khona Ukufakelwa Kwama-Stem Cell

Lapho udinga ukufakelwa kwe-allogeneic stem cell, uzodinga ukuya esibhedlela esinesikhungo esikhethekile sokufakelwa. I-National Marrow Donor Program® igcina uhlu lwezikhungo zokufakelwa kabusha e-United StatesExit Disclaimer ezingakusiza uthole isikhungo sokufakelwa kabusha.

Ngaphandle kokuthi uhlala eduze nendawo yokufakelwa, kungadingeka ukuthi uhambe ekhaya ukuze uthole ukwelashwa kwakho. Ungahle udinge ukuhlala esibhedlela ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kwakho, ungahle ukwazi ukusithola njengesiguli esingalaliswayo, noma kungadingeka ukuthi ube sesibhedlela ingxenye kuphela yesikhathi. Uma ungekho esibhedlela, uzodinga ukuhlala ehhotela noma efulethini eliseduze. Izikhungo eziningi zokufakelwa zingasiza ekutholeni izindlu eziseduze.

Kuthatha Isikhathi Eside Kangakanani Ukuba Ne-Stem Cell Transplant

Ukufakelwa kabusha kwe-stem cell kungathatha izinyanga ezimbalwa ukuqeda. Inqubo iqala ngokwelashwa kwemithamo ephezulu yamakhemikhali, ukwelashwa ngemisebe, noma inhlanganisela yalokhu okubili. Le ndlela yokwelashwa iqhubeka isonto elilodwa noma amabili. Uma usuqedile, uzoba nezinsuku ezimbalwa zokuphumula.

Okulandelayo, uzothola ama-stem cells akha igazi. Amaseli esiqu uzowanikezwa ngepayipi le-IV. Le nqubo ifana nokumpontshelwa igazi. Kuthatha ihora eli-1 kuye kwele-5 ukwamukela wonke amaseli eziqu.

Ngemuva kokuthola amangqamuzana esiqu, uqala isigaba sokululama. Ngalesi sikhathi, ulinda amangqamuzana egazi owatholile ukuthi aqale ukwenza amangqamuzana egazi amasha.

Ngisho nangemva kokuba izibalo zegazi lakho sezibuyele kokujwayelekile, kuthatha isikhathi eside kakhulu ukuthi amasosha omzimba wakho alulame ngokuphelele — izinyanga ezimbalwa ukufakelwa okuzenzakalelayo kanye nonyaka owodwa kuya kwemibili ekufakweni kwe-allogeneic noma i-syngeneic.

Ukuthi Ukufakelwa Kwama-Stem Cell Kungakuthinta Kanjani

Ukufakelwa kwama-stem cell kuthinta abantu ngezindlela ezahlukene. Indlela ozizwa ngayo incike ku:

• Uhlobo lokufakelwa onalo

• Imithamo yokwelashwa owawunayo ngaphambi kokufakelwa kabusha

• Uphendula kanjani ekwelashweni okuphezulu

• Uhlobo lwakho lomdlavuza

• Umdlavuza wakho usuthuthuke kangakanani

• Ubuphilile kangakanani ngaphambi kokufakelwa kabusha

Njengoba abantu bephendula ukufakelwa kwamaseli ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene, udokotela wakho noma abahlengikazi abakwazi ngokuqinisekile ukuthi le nqubo izokwenza uzizwe kanjani.

Ungatshela Kanjani Uma Ukufakelwa Kwesitokisi Sakho Sokusebenza Kusebenza

Odokotela bazolandela inqubekela phambili yamaseli amasha egazi ngokubheka ukubalwa kwegazi lakho kaningi. Njengoba amangqamuzana asanda kutshalwa atshalwa ekhiqiza amangqamuzana egazi, ukubalwa kwegazi lakho kuzokhuphuka.

Izidingo Zokudla Okukhethekile

The high-dose treatments that you have before a stem cell transplant can cause side effects that make it hard to eat, such as mouth sores and nausea. Tell your doctor or nurse if you have trouble eating while you are receiving treatment. You might also find it helpful to speak with a dietitian. For more information about coping with eating problems see the booklet Eating Hints or the section on side effects.

Working during Your Stem Cell Transplant

Ukuthi ungasebenza noma cha ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kwe-stem cell kungaxhomeka ohlotsheni lomsebenzi onawo. Inqubo yokufakelwa kabusha kwe-stem cell, ngemithi yokwelashwa okuphezulu, ukufakelwa, nokubuyiselwa, kungathatha amasonto noma izinyanga. Uzongena uphume esibhedlela ngalesi sikhathi. Noma ungekho esibhedlela, kwesinye isikhathi kuyodingeka uhlale eduze kwaso, kunokuhlala ekhaya lakho. Ngakho-ke, uma umsebenzi wakho ukuvumela, ungahle ufune ukuhlela ukusebenza ngekude itoho.

Abaqashi abaningi kudingeka ngokomthetho ukuthi bashintshe uhlelo lwakho lomsebenzi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zakho ngenkathi welashwa umdlavuza. Khuluma nomqashi wakho ngezindlela zokulungisa umsebenzi wakho ngesikhathi sokwelashwa. Ungafunda kabanzi ngale mithetho ngokukhuluma nosonhlalakahle.