Mayelana-umdlavuza / ukuphatha-ukunakekelwa / izinsizakalo

Ukuthola Izinsizakalo Zokunakekelwa Kwezempilo

Uma kutholakale ukuthi unomdlavuza, ukuthola udokotela nendawo yokwelashwa ukuze unakekelwe umdlavuza kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile sokuthola ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu.

Uzoba nezinto eziningi okufanele uzicabangele lapho ukhetha udokotela. Kubalulekile ukuthi uzizwe ukhululekile ngochwepheshe omkhethayo ngoba uzobe usebenza ngokubambisana nalowo muntu ukwenza izinqumo mayelana nokwelashwa komdlavuza wakho.

Ukukhetha uDokotela

Lapho ukhetha udokotela onakekela umdlavuza wakho, kungasiza ukwazi amanye amagama asetshenzisiwe ukuchaza ukuqeqeshwa kukadokotela nezimpawu zakhe. Odokotela abaningi abelapha abantu abanomdlavuza bangodokotela bezokwelapha (baneziqu ze-MD) noma odokotela be-osteopathic (baneziqu ze-DO). Ukuqeqeshwa okujwayelekile kufaka iminyaka emi-4 yokufunda ekolishi noma eyunivesithi, iminyaka emi-4 yesikole sezokwelapha, kanye neminyaka emi-3 kuya kwengu-7 yemfundo yezokwelapha ngemuva kokuthweswa iziqu nangokuhlala. Odokotela kumele baphase isivivinyo ukuze babe nelayisense lokwenza ubudokotela esifundazweni sabo.

Ochwepheshe odokotela abenze ukuqeqeshwa kwabo kokuhlala endaweni ethile njengomuthi wangaphakathi. Amabhodi wezinkampani ezizimele aqinisekisa odokotela ngemuva kokuba behlangabezane nezidingo ezidingekayo, kufaka phakathi ukuhlangabezana nezindinganiso ezithile zemfundo nokuqeqesha, ukuba nelayisense lokwenza ubudokotela, nokuphasa isivivinyo esinikezwa yibhodi labo lobuchwepheshe. Lapho sebehlangabezane nalezi zidingo, kuthiwa odokotela “baqinisekiswe yibhodi.”

Abanye ochwepheshe abaphatha umdlavuza yibo:

• I-Medical Oncologist : igxile ekwelapheni umdlavuza

• I-Hematologist : igxila ezifweni zegazi nezicubu ezihlobene, kufaka phakathi umnkantsha wethambo, ubende, nama-lymph node

• I-Radiation oncologist : isebenzisa ama-x-ray nezinye izinhlobo zemisebe ukuxilonga nokwelapha izifo

• Udokotela ohlinzayo : wenza imisebenzi cishe kunoma iyiphi indawo yomzimba futhi angagxila ohlotsheni oluthile lokuhlinzwa

Ukuthola udokotela ogxile ekunakekeleni umdlavuza

Ukuthola udokotela ogxile ekunakekelweni komdlavuza, cela udokotela wakho oyinhloko ukuthi asikisele othile. Noma kungenzeka wazi udokotela othile ngokuhlangenwe nakho komngane welungu lomndeni. Futhi, isibhedlela sangakini kufanele sikwazi ukukunikeza uhlu lochwepheshe abasebenza lapho.

Enye indlela yokuthola udokotela yisikhungo somdlavuza esiseduze nawe esikhethwe yi-NCI. Ikhasi le-Thola Isikhungo Somdlavuza linikeza imininingwane yokuxhumana ukusiza abahlinzeki bezokunakekelwa kwezempilo kanye neziguli ezinomdlavuza ngokudluliselwa kuzo zonke izikhungo zomdlavuza ezikhethwe yi-NCI e-United States.

Izinkomba eziku-inthanethi ezibalwe ngezansi zingakusiza nokuthi uthole isazi sokunakekelwa komdlavuza.

• I-American Board of Medical Specialists (ABMS), edala futhi isebenzise amazinga wokuqinisekisa nokuhlola odokotela, inohlu lodokotela abahlangabezane nezidingo ezithile futhi baphumelela izivivinyo ezikhethekile. Bheka Ingabe Ibhodi Lakho Lodokotela Liqinisekisiwe?

• I-American Medical Association (AMA) DoctorFinderExit Disclaimer inikeza imininingwane ngodokotela abanamalayisense e-United States.

• I-database ye-American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) ye-Exit Disclaimer inamagama kanye nokuhlangana kwama-oncologists acishe abe ngu-30,000 emhlabeni jikelele.

• I-American College of Surgeons (ACoS) ibala odokotela abahlinzayo abangamalungu ngesifunda nokukhethekile ku-database yabo ethi Thola i-SurgeonExit Disclaimer database. I-ACoS nayo ingafinyelelwa ku-1-86-621-4111.

• I-American Osteopathic Association (AOA) Thola i-database ye-DoctorExit Disclaimer inikeza uhlu oluku-inthanethi lodokotela be-osteopathic abangamalungu e-AOA. I-AOA nayo ingafinyelelwa ku-1-86-621–1773.

Imiphakathi yezokwelapha yasendaweni nayo ingahle igcine uhlu lodokotela kokukhethekile ngakunye ukuze uhlole. Imitapo yolwazi yomphakathi neyezokwelapha ingahle ibe nezinkomba zokuphrinta zamagama odokotela ezisohlwini ngokwendawo ngokukhethekile.

Ngokuya ngohlelo lwakho lomshuwalense wezempilo, ukukhetha kwakho kungakhawulelwa kodokotela ababamba iqhaza kuhlelo lwakho. Inkampani yakho yomshuwalense ingakunika uhlu lodokotela ababamba iqhaza ohlelweni lwakho. Kubalulekile ukuxhumana nehhovisi likadokotela ocabangelayo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi wamukela iziguli ezintsha ngohlelo lwakho. Kubalulekile ukwenza lokhu uma usebenzisa uhlelo lomshuwalense wezempilo noma wesifundazwe njengoMedicare noma iMedicaid.

Uma ungakwazi ukushintsha izinhlelo zomshuwalense wezempilo, ungahle uthande ukunquma ukuthi yimuphi udokotela ongathanda ukumsebenzisa kuqala bese ukhetha uhlelo olufaka phakathi udokotela omkhethile. Unenketho yokubona udokotela ngaphandle kohlelo lwakho bese ukhokha ezinye izindleko ngokwakho.

Ukusiza ukwenza isinqumo sakho uma ucabanga ukuthi udokotela ongakhetha kuphi, cabanga ngokuthi udokotela:

• Ngabe imfundo noqeqesho luyadingeka ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zakho

• Unomuntu ozifihlayo uma zingatholakali futhi ozokwazi ukufinyelela kumarekhodi akho ezokwelapha

• Inabasebenzi abasizayo abasizayo

• Ichaza izinto ngokucacile, ikulalele futhi ikuphathe ngenhlonipho

• Kukukhuthaza ukuthi ubuze imibuzo

• Inamahora okusebenza ahlangabezana nezidingo zakho

• Kulula ukuthola i-aphoyintimenti ne-

Uma ukhetha udokotela ohlinzayo, uzofuna ukubuza:

• Ingabe ibhodi iqinisekisiwe?

• Benza kangaki uhlobo lokuhlinzwa oludingayo?

• Zingaki zalezi zinqubo abazenzile?

• Basebenza kusiphi isibhedlela?

Kubalulekile ukuthi uzizwe kahle ngodokotela omkhethayo. Uzosebenza nalo muntu eduze njengoba uthatha izinqumo mayelana nokwelashwa komdlavuza wakho.

Ukuthola Umbono Wesibili

Ngemuva kokukhuluma nodokotela mayelana nohlelo lokuxilongwa nokwelashwa komdlavuza wakho, ungahle uthande ukuthola umbono womunye udokotela ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukwelashwa. Lokhu kwaziwa njengokuthola umbono wesibili. Ungakwenza lokhu ngokucela omunye uchwepheshe ukuthi abuyekeze zonke izinto ezihlobene necala lakho. Udokotela onikeza umbono wesibili angavumelana nohlelo lokwelashwa oluphakanyiswe udokotela wakho wokuqala, noma bangaphakamisa izinguquko noma enye indlela. Kunoma ikuphi, ukuthola umbono wesibili kunga:

• Ngikunikeze eminye imininingwane

• Phendula noma imiphi imibuzo ongase ube nayo

• Ukunikeza umuzwa omkhulu wokulawula

• Kukusiza uzizwe uqiniseka ngokwengeziwe, wazi ukuthi uhlolisise zonke izinketho zakho

Ukuthola umbono wesibili kuvame kakhulu. Kodwa-ke ezinye iziguli zikhathazeka ngokuthi udokotela wazo uzokhubeka uma ecela umbono wesibili. Ngokuvamile okuphambene kuyiqiniso. Odokotela abaningi bamukela umbono wesibili. Futhi izinkampani eziningi zomshuwalense wezempilo zikhokhela umbono wesibili noma zize ziwafune, ikakhulukazi uma udokotela encoma ukuhlinzwa.

Uma ukhuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthola umbono wesibili, kungasiza ukuveza ukuthi unelisekile ngokunakekelwa kwakho kepha ufuna ukuqiniseka ukuthi unolwazi ngangokunokwenzeka mayelana nezinketho zakho zokwelashwa. Kungcono ukufaka udokotela wakho enqubweni yokuthola umbono wesibili, ngoba uzodinga ukwenza amarekhodi akho ezokwelapha (njengemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwakho nama-x-ray) atholakale kudokotela enikeza umbono wesibili. Ungase ufise ukuletha ilungu lomndeni ukuze uthole ukusekelwa lapho ucela umbono wesibili.

Uma udokotela wakho engakwazi ukuphakamisa omunye uchwepheshe ngombono wesibili, izinsizakusebenza eziningi ezibalwe ngenhla zokuthola udokotela zingakusiza ekutholeni uchwepheshe ngombono wesibili. Ungashayela Isikhungo Sokuxhumana se-NCI ku-1-800-4-CANCER (1-800-422-6237) ukuthola isiqondiso.

Ukukhetha Isikhungo Sokwelapha

Njengokukhetha udokotela, ukukhetha kwakho izikhungo kungakhawulelwa kulabo ababamba iqhaza ohlelweni lwakho lomshuwalense wezempilo. Uma usuvele umtholile udokotela wezokwelapha umdlavuza wakho, kungadingeka ukuthi ukhethe indawo yokwelashwa ngokuya ngokuthi udokotela wakho usebenza kuphi. Noma udokotela wakho angakwazi ukuncoma indawo enikeza ukunakekelwa kwekhwalithi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zakho.

Eminye imibuzo ongayibuza uma ucubungula indawo yokwelashwa yilena:

• Ngabe kunesipiliyoni nempumelelo ekwelapheni isimo sami?

• Ngabe ikalwe ngumbuso, umthengi, noma amanye amaqembu ngekhwalithi yayo yokunakekelwa?

• Ihlola futhi isebenze kanjani ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokunakekelwa kwayo?

• Ngabe ivunyelwe yinhlangano egunyaza kuzwelonke, njengeKhomishini ye-ACS Yomdlavuza kanye / noma iKhomishini Ehlangene?

• Ingabe iyachaza amalungelo nezibopho zeziguli? Ingabe amakhophi alolu lwazi ayatholakala ezigulini?

• Ingabe inikela ngezinsizakalo zokusekela, njengabasebenzi bezenhlalakahle nezinsizakusebenza, ukungisiza ngithole usizo lwezezimali uma ngiludinga?

• Ingabe itholakala kalula?

Uma ungaphansi kohlelo lomshuwalense wezempilo, cela inkampani yakho yomshuwalense ukuthi ngabe isikhungo osikhethayo sivunyelwe uhlelo lwakho. Uma uthatha isinqumo sokuzikhokhela wena ukwelashwa ngoba ukhetha ukuphuma ngaphandle kwenethiwekhi yakho noma awunawo umshuwalense, xoxa ngezindleko ezingaba khona nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Uzofuna ukukhuluma nomnyango wokukhokhisa isibhedlela futhi. Abahlengikazi kanye nabasebenzi bezenhlalakahle bangakwazi futhi ukukunikeza imininingwane ethe xaxa mayelana nokutholakala, ukufaneleka, nezinkinga zomshuwalense.

Izinsizakusebenza ezilandelayo zingakusiza ekutholeni isibhedlela noma indawo yokwelashwa ukuze unakekelwe:

• Ikhasi le-NCI elithi Thola Isikhungo Somdlavuza linikeza imininingwane yokuxhumana yezikhungo zomdlavuza ezikhethwe yi-NCI ezisezweni lonke.

• Ikhomishini yeAmerican College of Surgeon's (ACoS's Cancer (CoC). Iwebhusayithi ye-ACoS inesizinda eseshekayo se-Exit Disclaimerof izinhlelo zokunakekelwa komdlavuza abazigunyazile. Bangatholwa futhi ku-1-312-202-5085 noma nge-imeyili ku-CoC@facs.org.

• I-Joint Commission Exit Disclaimere ihlola futhi igunyaze izinhlangano nezinhlelo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo e-United States. Ibuye inikeze umhlahlandlela mayelana nokukhetha indawo yokwelashwa, futhi inikeze ngesevisi ye-Quality Check®Exit Disclaimer ekwi-inthanethi ezingasetshenziswa iziguli ukubheka ukuthi ngabe isakhiwo esithile sivunyelwe yini yiKhomishini Ehlangene nokuthi babheke imibiko yokusebenza kwaso. Futhi zingafinyelelwa ku-1-630-792-5000.

Ukuthola eminye imininingwane noma usizo ngokuthola indawo yokwelashwa, shayela Isikhungo Sokuxhumana se-NCI ku-1-800-4-CANCER (1-800-422-6237).

Ukuthola Ukwelashwa e-United States uma Ungesona Isakhamuzi Sase-US

Abanye abantu abahlala ngaphandle kwe-United States bangafisa ukuthola umbono wesibili noma ukwelashwa kwabo ngomdlavuza kuleli zwe. Izikhungo eziningi e-United States zinikeza lezi zinsizakalo kwiziguli ezinomdlavuza zomhlaba wonke. Bangaphinde bahlinzeke ngezinsizakalo zokusekela, njengokuhumusha ulimi noma usizo ngokuhamba nokuthola indawo yokuhlala eduze nendawo yokwelashwa.

Uma uhlala ngaphandle kwe-United States futhi ungathanda ukuthola ukwelashwa komdlavuza kuleli zwe, kufanele uxhumane nezindawo zokwelashwa komdlavuza ngqo ukuthola ukuthi banehhovisi leziguli lomhlaba wonke. Isikhungo Somdlavuza Esikhethwe yi-NCI Thola ikhasi Lesikhungo Somdlavuza linikeza imininingwane yokuxhumana yezikhungo zomdlavuza ezikhethwe yi-NCI kulo lonke elase-United States.

Izakhamizi zamanye amazwe ezihlela ukuya e-United States ukuyothola ukwelashwa komdlavuza kufanele ziqale zithole i-visa engabokufika yokuthola ukwelashwa kwi-Embassy yase-US noma e-Consulate ezweni lakubo. Abafakizicelo beVisa kumele babonise ukuthi:

• Ufuna ukuza e-United States ukuthola ukwelashwa

• Hlela ukuhlala isikhathi esithile, esilinganiselwe

• Yiba nemali yokukhokhela izindleko e-United States

• Yiba nezibopho zokuhlala nezenhlalo nezomnotho ngaphandle kwe-United States

• Bahlose ukubuyela ezweni labo

Ukuthola imali ekhokhwayo nemibhalo edingekayo ye-visa engabokufika nokufunda kabanzi ngenqubo yesicelo, xhumana ne-Embassy yase-US noma i-Consulate ezweni lakini. Uhlu lwezixhumanisi eziya kumawebhusayithi amaNxusa aseMelika kanye nama-Consulates emhlabeni wonke lungatholakala kuwebhusayithi yoMnyango Wezwe wase-US.

Imininingwane engaphezulu mayelana nezinsizakalo ze-visa ezingabokufika iyatholakala ekhasini leVisa loMnyango Wezwe Lase-US State. Uma uhlela ukuya e-United States, qiniseka ukuthi uhlola ikhasi ukuthola noma yiziphi izibuyekezo noma ushintsho olungaba khona.

Ukuthola indawo yokwelashwa engaphandle kwe-United States

Izinsizakalo zolwazi ngomdlavuza ziyatholakala emazweni amaningi ukuhlinzeka ngolwazi nokuphendula imibuzo ngomdlavuza. Bangase bakwazi ukukusiza ukuthi uthole indawo yokwelashwa komdlavuza eduze nalapho uhlala khona.

I-International Cancer Information Service Group (ICISG), inethiwekhi yomhlaba wonke yezinhlangano ezingaphezu kuka-70 eziletha ulwazi ngomdlavuza, inohlu lwe-Exit Disclaimer lwezinsizakalo zolwazi lomdlavuza kuwebhusayithi yabo. Noma ungathumela i-imeyili ku-Exit DisclaimerICISG ngemibuzo noma imibono.

I-Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) Exit Disclaimer ingenye imithombo yabantu abahlala ngaphandle kwase-United States abafuna ukuthola indawo yokwelashwa komdlavuza. I-UICC inezinhlangano zomhlaba wonke ezihlobene nomdlavuza ezinikele ekulweni nomdlavuza emhlabeni wonke. Lezi zinhlangano zisebenza njengezinsizakusebenza zomphakathi futhi zingaba nemininingwane ewusizo mayelana nomdlavuza nezindawo zokwelashwa. Ukuthola insiza ezweni lakho noma eliseduzane, ungathumela i-UICC i-imeyiliExit Disclaimer noma uthinte kuyo ku:

I-Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) 62 route de Frontenex 1207 Geneva Switzerland + 41 22 809 1811

Ukuthola Umshuwalense Wezempilo

I-Affordable Care Act ishintsha ukuthi umshwalense wezempilo usebenza kanjani e-United States, okunomthelela ekuvikeleni, ekuhlolweni nasekwelapheni umdlavuza. Ngaphansi kwalo mthetho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo, iningi labantu baseMelika kudingeka ukuthi babe nomshuwalense wezempilo.

Uma ungenayo umshuwalense wezempilo noma ufuna ukubheka izinketho ezintsha, indawo ekuMakethe Yomshwalense Wezempilo eku-inthanethi ikuvumela ukuthi uqhathanise izinhlelo ezweni lakho ngokuya ngentengo, izinzuzo, ikhwalithi, nezinye izidingo ongazithola. Ukuze ufunde ngeMakethe Yomshwalense Wezempilo kanye nezinketho zakho ezintsha zokuhlanganisa, sicela uye ku Healthcare.gov noma kwaCuidadoDeSalud.gov noma ushayele ucingo mahhala ku-1-800-318-2596 (TTY: 1-855-889-4325).

Izinsizakalo Zokunakekelwa Kwasekhaya

Kwesinye isikhathi iziguli zifuna ukunakekelwa emakhaya ukuze zibe sendaweni ejwayelekile nomndeni nabangane. Izinsizakalo zokunakekelwa ekhaya zingasiza iziguli ukuthi zihlale emakhaya ngokusebenzisa indlela yeqembu nodokotela, abahlengikazi, osonhlalakahle, abelaphi bomzimba nabanye.

Uma isiguli sikufanelekela ukunakekelwa ekhaya, lezo zinsizakalo zingabandakanya:

• Ukuphatha izimpawu nokunakekelwa kokuqapha

• Ukulethwa kwemithi

• Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba

• Ukunakekelwa ngokomzwelo nangokomoya

• Siza ngokulungiselela ukudla nenhlanzeko yomuntu siqu

• Ukuhlinzeka ngemishini yezokwelapha

Ezigulini eziningi nasemindenini, ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya kungaba nomvuzo futhi kufuneke. Kungashintsha ubudlelwano futhi kudinge ukuthi imindeni ibhekane nazo zonke izici zokunakekelwa kweziguli. Izinkinga ezintsha zingavela futhi ukuthi imindeni kumele ibhekane nezinto ezinjengokuhlinzekwa kwabahlinzeki bokunakekelwa kwasekhaya abangena ekhaya ngezikhathi ezithile. Ukulungiselela lolu shintsho, iziguli nabanakekeli kufanele babuze imibuzo futhi bathole imininingwane eminingi ngangokunokwenzeka ethimbeni labanakekeli basekhaya noma enhlanganweni. Udokotela, umhlengikazi, noma usonhlalonhle anganikeza imininingwane ngezidingo ezithile zesiguli, ukutholakala kwezinsizakalo, nezinhlangano zasekhaya zokunakekelwa kwasekhaya.

Ukuthola Usizo Lwezimali Lokunakekelwa Kwasekhaya

Usizo ngokukhokhela izinsizakalo zokunakekelwa kwasekhaya lungatholakala emithonjeni yomphakathi noma yangasese. Umshuwalense wezempilo wangasese ungahlanganisa izinsizakalo ezithile zokunakekelwa kwasekhaya, kepha izinzuzo ziyahlukahluka ohlelweni lokuhlela.

Ezinye izinsiza zomphakathi ezisiza ukukhokhela ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya yilezi:

• Izikhungo ze-Medicare & Medicaid Services (i-CMS): I-ejensi kahulumeni ebhekele ukuphathwa kwezinhlelo eziningana ezibalulekile zokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Ezimbili zazo yilezi

• I-Medicare: Uhlelo lomshuwalense wezempilo kahulumeni wabantu asebekhulile noma abakhubazekile. Ngemininingwane, vakashela iwebhusayithi yabo noma ushayele i-1-800-MEDICARE (1-800-633-4227).

• I-Medicaid: Uhlelo oluhlangene lomshuwalense wezempilo nombuso kulabo abadinga usizo ngezindleko zezokwelapha. Ukuphakama kuyahluka ngesimo.

Kokubili iMedicare neMedicaid kungafaka izinsizakalo zokunakekelwa kwasekhaya kweziguli ezifanelekayo, kepha kunemithetho ethile esebenza. Khuluma nosonhlalonhle kanye namanye amalungu ethimba lezokunakekelwa kwempilo ukuthola okwengeziwe ngabahlinzeki bokunakekelwa kwekhaya kanye nama-ejensi Ngemininingwane engaphezulu thinta i-CMS online noma ushayele ku-1-877-267-2323.

• I-Eldercare Locator: Eqhutshwa yi-US Administration on Aging, inikeza ulwazi mayelana nama-Agencies Area Aging on Aging nolunye usizo kubantu asebekhulile. Lezi zinhlaka zinganikela ngemali yokunakekelwa kwasekhaya. I-Eldercare Locator ingafinyelelwa ku-1-800-677-1116 ukuthola eminye imininingwane.

• Umnyango Wezilwane Ezingomakadebona (VA) Omakadebona Abakhubazekile Ngenxa Yenkonzo Yezempi Bangathola Izinsizakalo Zokunakekelwa Kwasekhaya eMnyangweni Wezilwane Zase-US (VA). Kodwa-ke, kungasetshenziswa kuphela izinsizakalo zokunakekelwa kwasekhaya ezibhedlela ze-VA. Imininingwane engaphezulu ngalezi zinzuzo ingatholwa kuwebhusayithi yabo noma ngokushayela ku-1-877–222–8387 (1–877–222 – VETS).

Ngeminye imithombo yokunakekelwa kwasekhaya, shayela Isikhungo Sokuxhumana se-NCI ku-1-800-4-CANCER (1-800-422-6237) noma vakashela umdlavuza.gov.