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I-Thymoma yobuntwana kunye ne-Thymic Carcinoma Treatment (®) -Patient Version

Ulwazi Ngokubanzi Nge Thymoma kunye ne Thymic Carcinoma

IINGONGOMA EZIPHAMBILI

  • I-Thymoma kunye ne-thymic carcinoma zizifo apho iiseli ezinobungozi (zomhlaza) zenza i-thymus.
  • Iimpawu kunye neempawu ze-thymoma kunye ne-thymic carcinoma kubandakanya ukukhwehlela kunye nengxaki yokuphefumla.
  • Abantwana abane-thymoma okanye i-thymic carcinoma banokuba nezinye iingxaki zempilo.
  • Uvavanyo oluvavanya i-thymus kunye nesifuba zisetyenziselwa ukufumanisa isifo se-thymoma kunye ne-thymic carcinoma.
  • Izinto ezithile zichaphazela isifo (ithuba lokuchacha kwakhona).

I-Thymoma kunye ne-thymic carcinoma zizifo apho iiseli ezinobungozi (zomhlaza) zenza i-thymus.

I-Thymoma kunye ne-thymic carcinoma ziindidi ezimbini zomhlaza ezinokuthi zenze kwiiseli ezigubungela umphezulu wangaphandle we-thymus. I-thymus lilungu elincinci kwisifuba esingaphantsi kwethambo lesifuba. Inxalenye yenkqubo ye-lymph kwaye yenza iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, ezibizwa ngokuba zii-lymphocyte, ezikunceda ukulwa usulelo. Ezi zomhlaza zihlala zenzeka phakathi kwemiphunga kwindawo engaphambili yesifuba kwaye zihlala zifunyanwa ngexesha lesifuba esenziwa ngesinye isizathu.

I-anatomy yegland. I-thymus gland lilungu elincinci elilele kwisifuba esiphezulu phantsi kwethambo lesifuba. Yenza iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, ezibizwa ngokuba zii-lymphocyte, ezikhusela umzimba kwizifo.

Nangona i-thymoma kunye ne-thymic carcinoma ifom efanayo kuhlobo lweseli, benza ngokwahlukileyo:

  • Thymoma. Iiseli zomhlaza zijongeka njengeeseli eziqhelekileyo ze-thymus, zikhula kancinci, kwaye kunqabile ukuba zisasazeke ngaphaya kwe-thymus. I-thymoma ingaba yi-thymic carcinoma ngokuhamba kwexesha.
  • I-carcinoma enesifo. Iiseli zomhlaza azibonakali njengeeseli eziqhelekileyo ze-thymus, zikhula ngokukhawuleza, kwaye zinokuthi zisasazeke kwamanye amalungu omzimba.

Ezinye iintlobo zamathumba, ezifana ne-lymphoma okanye i-germ cell tumors, zingenza i-thymus, kodwa azithathwa njenge-thymoma okanye i-thymic carcinoma.

Iimpawu kunye neempawu ze-thymoma kunye ne-thymic carcinoma kubandakanya ukukhwehlela kunye nengxaki yokuphefumla.

Ezi kunye nezinye iimpawu kunye neempawu zinokubangelwa yi-thymoma kunye ne-thymic carcinoma okanye ezinye iimeko.

Jonga kugqirha womntwana wakho ukuba umntwana wakho unayo nayiphi na kwezi zinto zilandelayo:

  • Ukukhohlela.
  • Ingxaki yokuphefumla.
  • Intlungu okanye uvakalelo oluqinileyo esifubeni.
  • Ingxaki yokuginya.
  • Ukurhabaxa.
  • Ifiva.
  • Ukuhla ukusinda.
  • Superior vena cava syndrome.

Abantwana abane-thymoma okanye i-thymic carcinoma banokuba nezinye iingxaki zempilo.

Abantwana abane-thymoma okanye i-thymic carcinoma banokuba nesinye sezifo zamasosha omzimba zilandelayo okanye ukuphazamiseka kwehomoni:

  • IMyasthenia gravis.
  • Iseli ebomvu ebomvu.
  • Hypogammaglobulinemia.
  • Isifo seNephrotic.
  • Iscleroderma.
  • Dermatomyositis.
  • ILupus.
  • Irheumatoid Arthritis.
  • Idlala lengqula.
  • Hyperthyroidism.
  • Isifo iAddison.
  • Panhypopituitarism.

Uvavanyo oluvavanya i-thymus kunye nesifuba zisetyenziselwa ukufumanisa isifo se-thymoma kunye ne-thymic carcinoma.

Ezi mvavanyo zilandelayo kunye neenkqubo zinokusetyenziswa:

  • Uvavanyo lomzimba kunye nembali yezempilo: Uvavanyo lomzimba ukukhangela iimpawu zempilo ngokubanzi, kubandakanya nokujonga iimpawu zesifo, ezinje ngamaqhuma okanye nayiphi na into ebonakala ingaqhelekanga. Imbali yemikhwa yempilo yesigulana kunye nezifo zangaphambili kunye nonyango ziya kuthathwa.
  • I-x-ray yesifuba: IX-reyi yamalungu namathambo ngaphakathi kwesifuba. IX-reyi luhlobo lwe-beam yamandla enokuhamba emzimbeni nakwifilimu, yenza umfanekiso weendawo ezingaphakathi komzimba.
  • Ukuskena i-CT (ukuskena i-CAT): Inkqubo eyenza uthotho lwemifanekiso eneenkcukacha zeendawo ezingaphakathi emzimbeni, ezithathwe kwii-engile ezahlukeneyo. Imifanekiso yenziwe yikhompyuter edityaniswe kumatshini we-x-ray. Idayi inokufakwa ngaphakathi emthanjeni okanye iginywe ukunceda amalungu okanye izicwili zibonise ngokucacileyo. Le nkqubo ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-computed tomography, ikhompyuter ye-tomography, okanye ikhompyuter ye-axial tomography.
  • I-MRI (imaging resonance imaging): Inkqubo esebenzisa umazibuthe, amaza erediyo kunye nekhompyuter ukwenza uthotho lwemifanekiso eneenkcukacha zeendawo ezingaphakathi komzimba. Le nkqubo ikwabizwa ngokuba yimifanekiso yenyukliya yokujonga umfanekiso (i-NMRI).
  • Ukuskena i-PET (positron emission tomography scan) Inkqubo yokufumana iiseli zethumba ezinobungozi emzimbeni. Inani elincinci leswekile ene-radioactive (iswekile) itofelwe emthanjeni. Iskena se-PET sijikeleza ujikeleze umzimba kwaye senze umfanekiso wendawo esetyenziswa kuyo iswekile emzimbeni. Iiseli zethumba ezinobungozi zibonakala ziqaqambile emfanekisweni kuba ziyasebenza kwaye zithatha iswekile eninzi kuneseli eziqhelekileyo.
Ukuskena i-Positron emission tomography (PET). Umntwana ulele phezu kwetafile etyibilika kwisikena sePET. Ukuphumla kwentloko kunye nomtya omhlophe kunceda umntwana ukuba alale. Inani elincinci leswekile ene-radioactive (iswekile) itofwe emthanjeni womntwana, kwaye iskena senza umfanekiso apho iswekile isetyenziswa khona emzimbeni. Iiseli zomhlaza zibonakala ziqaqambile emfanekisweni kuba zithatha iswekile eninzi kuneseli eziqhelekileyo.
  • Biopsy: Ukususwa kweeseli okanye izicwili ukuze zijongwe ngemicroscope ngugqirha wezilwanyana ukujonga imiqondiso yomhlaza.

Izinto ezithile zichaphazela isifo (ithuba lokuchacha kwakhona).

Ukuxelwa kwangaphambili kuxhomekeke koku kulandelayo:

  • Nokuba umhlaza yi-thymoma okanye i-thymic carcinoma.
  • Nokuba umhlaza unwenwele kwiindawo ezikufutshane okanye kwamanye amalungu omzimba.
  • Nokuba umhlaza ususwe ngokupheleleyo ngoqhaqho.
  • Nokuba umhlaza usanda kufunyaniswa okanye ubuyile kwakhona (buyela) emva konyango.

Ukuxela kubhetele xa umhlaza ungakhange usasazeke kwamanye amalungu omzimba. I-thymoma yobuntwana ihlala ichongwa ngaphambi kokuba ithumba lisasazeke.

Amanqanaba e-Thymoma kunye ne-Thymic Carcinoma

IINGONGOMA EZIPHAMBILI

  • Emva kokuba i-thymoma okanye i-thymic carcinoma ifunyenwe, kuvavanywa ukwenziwa ukufumanisa ukuba iiseli zomhlaza zisasazekile kwiindawo ezikufutshane okanye kwamanye amalungu omzimba.
  • Zintathu iindlela umhlaza onwenwa ngayo emzimbeni.
  • Umhlaza unokusasazeka ukusuka apho waqala khona kwamanye amalungu omzimba.

Emva kokuba i-thymoma okanye i-thymic carcinoma ifunyenwe, kuvavanywa ukwenziwa ukufumanisa ukuba iiseli zomhlaza zisasazekile kwiindawo ezikufutshane okanye kwamanye amalungu omzimba.

Inkqubo esetyenziselwa ukufumanisa ukuba i-thymoma okanye i-thymic carcinoma isasazekile ukusuka kwi-thymus ukuya kwiindawo ezikufutshane okanye kwamanye amalungu omzimba kuthiwa yi-staging. I-Thymoma kunye ne-thymic carcinoma zinokusasazeka kwimiphunga, isibindi, izintso, okanye ulwelo olujikeleze imiphunga nentliziyo. Iziphumo zovavanyo kunye neenkqubo ezenziweyo zokuchonga i-thymoma okanye i-thymic carcinoma zisetyenziselwa ukunceda ekuthatheni izigqibo ngonyango.

Ngamanye amaxesha i-thymoma yobuntwana okanye i-thymic carcinoma iphinda ibuye (ibuye) emva konyango.

Zintathu iindlela umhlaza onwenwa ngayo emzimbeni.

Umhlaza unokusasazeka ngezicubu, inkqubo ye-lymph, kunye negazi:

  • Izicubu. Umhlaza usasazeka ukusuka apho waqala ngokukhula waya kwiindawo ezikufuphi.
  • Inkqubo yeLymph. Umhlaza usasazeka ukusuka apho waqala ngokungena kwinkqubo ye-lymph. Umhlaza uhamba ngemithambo ye-lymph ukuya kwamanye amalungu omzimba.
  • Igazi. Umhlaza usasazeka ukusuka apho waqala ngokungena egazini. Umhlaza uhamba ngemithambo yegazi uye kwamanye amalungu omzimba.

Umhlaza unokusasazeka ukusuka apho waqala khona kwamanye amalungu omzimba.

Xa umhlaza usasazeka kwelinye ilungu lomzimba, ubizwa ngokuba yi-metastasis. Iiseli zomhlaza ziyaphuma apho ziqale khona (ithumba lokuqala) kwaye zihamba ngenkqubo ye-lymph okanye igazi.

  • Inkqubo yeLymph. Umhlaza ungena kwinkqubo ye-lymph, uhamba kwiinqanawa ze-lymph, kwaye wenze i-tumor (i-metastatic tumor) kwenye indawo yomzimba.
  • Igazi. Umhlaza ungena egazini, uhambe kwimithambo yegazi, kwaye wenze ithumba (metastatic tumor) kwelinye ilungu lomzimba.

I-tumor ye-metastatic yinto efanayo yomhlaza njenge-tumor yokuqala. Umzekelo, ukuba i-thymic carcinoma isasazeka emiphungeni, iiseli zomhlaza emiphungeni ziyiseli ye-thymic carcinoma. Esi sifo siyi-metastatic thymic carcinoma, hayi umhlaza wemiphunga.

Unyango ngoKhetho lonyango

IINGONGOMA EZIPHAMBILI

  • Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zonyango lwabantwana abane-thymoma okanye i-thymic carcinoma.
  • Abantwana abane-thymoma okanye i-thymic carcinoma kufuneka unyango lwabo lucwangciswe liqela loogqirha abaziingcali kunyango lomhlaza wabantwana.
  • Iindidi ezintlanu zonyango olusetyenziswayo zisetyenziswa:
  • Ugqirha
  • Unyango ngemitha
  • Unyango ngamayeza
  • Unyango lweHormone
  • Unyango ekujoliswe kulo
  • Iindidi ezintsha zonyango ziyavavanywa kuvavanyo lweklinikhi.
  • Unyango lwe-thymoma kunye ne-thymic carcinoma kunokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.
  • Izigulana zinokufuna ukucinga ngokuthatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lweklinikhi.
  • Izigulana zinokungena kuvavanyo lweklinikhi ngaphambi, ngexesha, okanye emva kokuqala unyango lomhlaza.
  • Iimvavanyo zokulandelela zisenokufuneka.

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zonyango lwabantwana abane-thymoma okanye i-thymic carcinoma.

Olunye unyango lusemgangathweni (unyango olusetyenziswayo ngoku), kwaye olunye luvavanywa kuvavanyo lweklinikhi. Uvavanyo lweklinikhi yonyango luphononongo olwenzelwe ukunceda ukuphucula unyango lwangoku okanye ukufumana ulwazi kunyango olutsha kwizigulana ezinomhlaza. Xa uvavanyo lwezonyango lubonisa ukuba unyango olutsha lungcono kunonyango oluqhelekileyo, unyango olutsha kunokuba lunyango olusemgangathweni.

Kuba umhlaza ebantwaneni unqabile, ukuthatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lweklinikhi kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo. Olunye uvavanyo lwezonyango luvuleleke kuphela kwizigulana ezingaluqalanga unyango.

Abantwana abane-thymoma okanye i-thymic carcinoma kufuneka unyango lwabo lucwangciswe liqela loogqirha abaziingcali kunyango lomhlaza wabantwana.

Unyango luya kujongwa yi-oncologist yabantwana, ugqirha ogxile ekunyangeni abantwana abanomhlaza. I-oncologist yabantwana isebenza nabanye abaqeqeshi bezempilo yabantwana abaziingcali ekunyangeni abantwana abanomhlaza kwaye abagxile kwiindawo ezithile zamayeza. Oku kunokubandakanya ezi ngcali zilandelayo kunye nabanye:

  • Ugqirha wabantwana.
  • Ugqirha wabantwana.
  • Imitha ye-oncologist.
  • Ugqirha wezifo.
  • Ingcali yomongikazi wabantwana.
  • Unontlalontle.
  • Ingcali yokuvuselela.
  • Ingcali yeengqondo.
  • Ingcali kubomi bomntwana.

Iindidi ezintlanu zonyango olusetyenziswayo zisetyenziswa:

Ugqirha

Utyando lokususa umhlaza lolona nyango luphambili lwe-thymoma kunye ne-thymic carcinoma. Nangona kunjalo, i-thymic carcinoma ayinakufane isuswe ngokupheleleyo ngotyando kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuba iphinde ibuye (ibuye) emva konyango.

Unyango ngemitha

Unyango ngemitha lunyango olusebenzisa amandla e-x-reyi okanye ezinye iintlobo zemitha yokubulala iiseli zomhlaza okanye ukuzigcina zikhula. Unyango lwangaphandle lwemitha lusebenzisa umatshini ongaphandle komzimba ukuthumela imitha kwindawo yomzimba enomhlaza.

Unyango ngamayeza

I-Chemotherapy yonyango lomhlaza olusebenzisa iziyobisi ukunqanda ukukhula kweeseli zomhlaza, nokuba zibulale iiseli okanye uziyekise ekwahlukaneni. Xa i-chemotherapy ithathwa ngomlomo okanye ifakwe kwi-vein okanye kwimisipha, amachiza angena kwigazi kwaye anokufikelela kwiiseli zomhlaza kuwo wonke umzimba (systemic chemotherapy).

Unyango lweHormone

Unyango lweHormone lunyango lomhlaza olususa iincindi zamadlala okanye ibhlokhe isenzo sabo kwaye luyekise iiseli zomhlaza ekukhuleni. IiHormone zizinto ezenziwe ngamadlala emzimbeni kwaye zihamba ngokuhamba kwegazi. Ezinye iihormoni zinokubangela ukuba ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza zikhule. Ukuba iimvavanyo zibonisa ukuba iiseli zomhlaza zineendawo apho iihomoni zinokuncamathisela khona (ii-receptors), iziyobisi zinokusetyenziselwa ukunciphisa ukuveliswa kwehomoni okanye ukubathintela ekusebenzeni. Unyango lwehormone usebenzisa i-corticosteroids okanye i-octreotide inokusetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-thymoma.

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo luhlobo lonyango olusebenzisa iziyobisi okanye ezinye izinto ukuchonga nokuhlasela iiseli ezithile zomhlaza. Unyango ekujoliswe kulo lubangela ukwenzakala okuncinci kwiiseli eziqhelekileyo kunonyango lwechemotherapy okanye unyango ngemitha.

  • I-Tyrosine kinase inhibitors: Ezi ziyobisi zijolise kunyango lweempawu ezifunekayo ekukhuleni kwamathumba. I-Sunitinib isetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-thymoma kunye ne-thymic carcinoma engaphendulanga kolunye unyango.

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo lufundwa kunyango lwe-thymoma kunye ne-thymic carcinoma eye yaphinda yabuya (buyela).

Iindidi ezintsha zonyango ziyavavanywa kuvavanyo lweklinikhi.

Ulwazi malunga novavanyo lweklinikhi luyafumaneka kwiwebhusayithi yeNCI.

Unyango lwe-thymoma kunye ne-thymic carcinoma kunokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Ngolwazi malunga neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqala ngexesha lonyango lomhlaza, jonga iphepha lethu Iziphumo ezingalunganga.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezivela kunyango lomhlaza eziqala emva konyango kwaye ziqhubeke iinyanga okanye iminyaka zibizwa ngokuba ziziphumo ezifike kade. Iziphumo zokunyanga komhlaza zingabandakanya:

  • Iingxaki zomzimba.
  • Utshintsho kwiimvakalelo, iimvakalelo, ukucinga, ukufunda, okanye inkumbulo.
  • Umhlaza wesibini (iintlobo ezintsha zomhlaza) okanye ezinye iimeko.

Ezinye iziphumo ezinokufika emva kwexesha zinokunyangwa okanye zilawulwe. Kubalulekile ukuba uthethe noogqirha bomntwana wakho malunga neziphumo ezinokubakho emva kwexesha ezibangelwa lunyango oluthile. Jonga isishwankathelo se- malunga neZiphumo eziMva zaNyango zoMhlaza woMntwana ngolwazi oluthe kratya.

Izigulana zinokufuna ukucinga ngokuthatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lweklinikhi.

Kwezinye izigulana, ukuthatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lweklinikhi kunokuba lolona khetho lonyango lufanelekileyo. Uvavanyo lwezonyango luyinxalenye yenkqubo yophando ngomhlaza. Uvavanyo lwezonyango luyenziwa ukufumanisa ukuba unyango lomhlaza olutsha lukhuselekile kwaye luyasebenza okanye lungcono kunonyango oluqhelekileyo.

Uninzi lonyango oluqhelekileyo lwanamhlanje lomhlaza lusekwe kuvavanyo lweklinikhi lwangaphambili. Izigulana ezithatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lweklinikhi zingafumana unyango olusemgangathweni okanye zibe phakathi kwabokuqala ukufumana unyango olutsha.

Izigulana ezithatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lweklinikhi zikwanceda ukuphucula indlela umhlaza oza kunyangwa ngayo kwixa elizayo. Nokuba uvavanyo lwezonyango alukhokeleli kunyango olusebenzayo, bahlala bephendula imibuzo ebalulekileyo kwaye bancedisa ukuqhubela phambili uphando.

Izigulana zinokungena kuvavanyo lweklinikhi ngaphambi, ngexesha, okanye emva kokuqala unyango lomhlaza.

Olunye uvavanyo lwezonyango lubandakanya kuphela izigulana ezingekafumani unyango. Olunye uvavanyo lokuvavanywa kunyango kwizigulana ezinomhlaza ongakhange ubengcono. Kukwakho nezilingo zeklinikhi ezivavanya iindlela ezintsha zokumisa umhlaza ekubuyeleni (ekubuyeni) okanye ukunciphisa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango lomhlaza.

Uvavanyo lwezonyango lwenzeka kwiindawo ezininzi zelizwe. Ulwazi malunga novavanyo lweklinikhi oluxhaswe yi-NCI lunokufumaneka kwiphepha lewebhu le-NCI. Uvavanyo lwezonyango oluxhaswa yiminye imibutho lunokufumaneka kwiwebhusayithi yeClinicalTrials.gov.

Iimvavanyo zokulandelela zisenokufuneka.

Ezinye zeemvavanyo ezenziweyo ukufumanisa umhlaza okanye ukufumanisa inqanaba lomhlaza zinokuphindwa. Olunye uvavanyo luya kuphindwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba lusebenza njani unyango. Izigqibo malunga nokuqhubeka, ukutshintsha, okanye ukuyeka unyango zinokusekwa kwiziphumo zolu vavanyo.

Ezinye zeemvavanyo ziya kuqhubeka ukwenziwa amaxesha ngamaxesha emva kokuba unyango luphelile. Iziphumo zolu vavanyo zingabonisa ukuba imeko yomntwana wakho itshintshile okanye ukuba umhlaza ubuye wabuya (buyela). Olu vavanyo ngamanye amaxesha lubizwa ngokuba luvavanyo olulandelayo okanye ukuhlolwa.

Unyango lwe-Thymoma

Ngolwazi malunga nonyango oludweliswe ngezantsi, jonga kwiCandelo loKhetho ngokujonga uKhetho.

Unyango lwe-thymoma esandula kufunyaniswa lunokubandakanya oku kulandelayo:

  • Ugqirha lokususa ithumba kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
  • Unyango lwemitha, yamathumba angenakususwa ngoqhaqho okanye ukuba ithumba isala emva kotyando.
  • I-Chemotherapy, yamathumba angakhange aphendule kolunye unyango.
  • Unyango lwehormone (octreotide), yamathumba angakhange aphendule kolunye unyango.
  • Unyango ekujoliswe kulo (sunitinib), yamathumba angakhange aphendule kolunye unyango.

Sebenzisa uvavanyo lwethu lweklinikhi ukufumana ulingo lweklinikhi oluxhaswayo lwekliniki olwamkela izigulana. Unokukhangela izilingo ngokusekwe kuhlobo lomhlaza, ubudala besigulana, kwaye nokuba zenziwa phi izilingo. Ulwazi ngokubanzi malunga novavanyo lweklinikhi luyafumaneka.

Unyango lwe-Thymic Carcinoma

Ngolwazi malunga nonyango oludweliswe ngezantsi, jonga kwiCandelo loKhetho ngokujonga uKhetho.

Unyango lwe-thymic carcinoma esanda kufunyaniswa lunokubandakanya oku kulandelayo:

  • Ugqirha lokususa ithumba kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
  • Unyango lwemitha, yamathumba angenakususwa ngoqhaqho okanye ukuba ithumba isala emva kotyando.
  • I-Chemotherapy, yamathumba angakhange aphendule kunyango lwe-radiation.
  • Unyango ekujoliswe kulo (sunitinib), yamathumba angakhange aphendule kolunye unyango.

Sebenzisa uvavanyo lwethu lweklinikhi ukufumana ulingo lweklinikhi oluxhaswayo lwekliniki olwamkela izigulana. Unokukhangela izilingo ngokusekwe kuhlobo lomhlaza, ubudala besigulana, kwaye nokuba zenziwa phi izilingo. Ulwazi ngokubanzi malunga novavanyo lweklinikhi luyafumaneka.

Unyango lweTymoma eQhelekileyo kunye neThymic Carcinoma

Ngolwazi malunga nonyango oludweliswe ngezantsi, jonga kwiCandelo loKhetho ngokujonga uKhetho.

Unyango lwe-thymoma ephindayo kunye ne-thymic carcinoma ebantwaneni inokubandakanya oku kulandelayo:

  • Uvavanyo lweklinikhi olujonga isampulu yethumba lesigulana kutshintsho oluthile kwimfuza. Uhlobo lonyango ekujoliswe kulo oluya kunikwa isigulana luxhomekeke kuhlobo lotshintsho lwemfuza.

Sebenzisa uvavanyo lwethu lweklinikhi ukufumana ulingo lweklinikhi oluxhaswayo lwekliniki olwamkela izigulana. Unokukhangela izilingo ngokusekwe kuhlobo lomhlaza, ubudala besigulana, kwaye nokuba zenziwa phi izilingo. Ulwazi ngokubanzi malunga novavanyo lweklinikhi luyafumaneka.

Ukufunda ngakumbi ngeThymoma kunye neThymic Carcinoma

Ngolwazi oluthe kratya kwiZiko leSizwe loMhlaza malunga ne-thymoma yobuntwana kunye ne-thymic carcinoma, bona oku kulandelayo:

  • I-Thymoma kunye ne-Thymic Carcinoma Ikhasi lasekhaya
  • Ikhompyuter yeTomography (CT) kunye noMhlaza
  • Iithagethi zoMhlaza ezijolise kuko

Ngolwazi oluthe kratya lomhlaza wabantwana kunye nezinye izixhobo zomhlaza ngokubanzi, jonga oku kulandelayo:

  • Malunga noMhlaza
  • Umhlaza wabantwana
  • Unyango lokuKhangela uMhlaza waBantwanaPhuma kwiNgcazelo yokuzihlangula
  • Iziphumo zokugqibela zonyango lweCancer yoMntwana
  • Abafikisayo kunye naBantu abaDala abaDala abanomhlaza
  • Abantwana abanomhlaza: Isikhokelo sabazali
  • Umhlaza kuBantwana nakwishumi elivisayo
  • Ukuqokelela
  • Ukujamelana noMhlaza
  • Imibuzo yokubuza ugqirha wakho malunga neCancer
  • Abasindileyo kunye nabaNonopheli


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