Iindidi / ithishu ethambileyo-isarcoma / isigulana / unyango-gd-pdq

Unyango lwesisu se-Stromal Tumors Treatment (®) -Patient Version

Ulwazi ngokubanzi malunga neZitho zesisu zesisu

Isisu sethumba esiswini sisifo apho iiseli ezingaqhelekanga zibumba izihlunu zephecana lesisu.

Iphecana lesisu (GI) liyinxalenye yenkqubo yokwetyisa yomzimba. Kuyanceda ukwetyisa ukutya kwaye kuthatha izakhamzimba (iivithamini, iiminerali, iikhabhohayidrethi, amafutha, iiproteni kunye namanzi) ekutyeni ukuze zisetyenziswe ngumzimba. Iphecana le-GI lenziwe ngala malungu alandelayo:

• Isisu.

• Ndibonise uthando.

• Amathumbu amakhulu (ikholoni).

Izisu zesisu esiswini (GISTs) zinokuba zibi (umhlaza) okanye ubungozi (hayi umhlaza). Zixhaphake kakhulu esiswini nakwisisu esincinci kodwa zinokufumaneka naphi na okanye kufutshane nephecana le-GI. Abanye oososayensi bakholelwa ukuba ii-GIST ziqala kwiiseli ezibizwa ngokuba ziiseli zangaphakathi zeCajal (ICC), eludongeni lwephepha le-GI.

Izisu zesisu zesisu (GISTs) zinokufumaneka naphi na okanye kufutshane nephecana lesisu.

Jonga isishwankathelo se- malunga noMhlaza oNgaqhelekanga woNyango lwaBantwana ngolwazi kunyango lwe-GIST ebantwaneni.

Izinto zofuzo zinokunyusa umngcipheko wokuba nesisu esibuhlungu esiswini.

Nantoni na eyandisa umngcipheko wokufumana isifo ibizwa ngokuba yingozi. Ukuba nomngcipheko akuthethi ukuba uza kuba nomhlaza; ukungabinamngcipheko oko akuthethi ukuba awuzukufumana umhlaza. Thetha nogqirha wakho ukuba ucinga ukuba usengozini.

Imfuza ekwiiseli ithwala ulwazi olufunyenwe kubazali bomntu. Umngcipheko we-GIST unyuswe kubantu abazuze ilifa lotshintsho (utshintsho) kuhlobo oluthile. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, ii-GISTs zinokufumaneka kumalungu aliqela osapho olunye.

I-GIST inokuba yinxalenye yesifo semfuza, kodwa oku kunqabile. Isifo sofuzo siseti yeempawu okanye iimeko ezenzeka kunye kwaye zihlala zibangelwa yimfuza engaqhelekanga. Ezi syndromes zemfuzo zilandelayo zidityaniswe ne-GIST:

• Uhlobo lwe-Neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1).

• ICarney triad.

Iimpawu zesisu zesisu ezibandakanya igazi esitulweni okanye ukugabha.

Ezi kunye neminye imiqondiso kunye neempawu zinokubangelwa yi-GIST okanye ngezinye iimeko. Jonga ugqirha wakho ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Igazi (nokuba libomvu ngokuqaqambileyo okanye limnyama kakhulu) esitulweni okanye ukugabha.

• Ubuhlungu esiswini, esinokuba nzima.

• Ndiziva ndidiniwe.

• Ingxaki okanye iintlungu xa uginya.

• Ndiziva ndihluthi emva kokutya okuncinci kuphela.

Uvavanyo oluvavanya iphecana le-GI lisetyenziselwa ukufumanisa (ukufumana) kunye nokufumanisa isifo samathumbu esiswini.

Ezi mvavanyo zilandelayo kunye neenkqubo zinokusetyenziswa:

• Uvavanyo lomzimba kunye nembali: Uvavanyo lomzimba ukukhangela iimpawu zempilo ngokubanzi, kubandakanya nokujonga iimpawu zesifo, ezinje ngamaqhuma okanye nayiphi na into ebonakala ingaqhelekanga. Imbali yemikhwa yempilo yesigulana kunye nezifo zangaphambili kunye nonyango ziya kuthathwa.

• Ukuskena i-CT (ukuskena i-CAT): Inkqubo eyenza uthotho lwemifanekiso eneenkcukacha zeendawo ezingaphakathi emzimbeni, ezithathwe kwii-engile ezahlukeneyo. Imifanekiso yenziwe yikhompyuter edityaniswe kumatshini we-x-ray. Idayi inokufakwa ngaphakathi emthanjeni okanye iginywe ukunceda amalungu okanye izicwili zibonise ngokucacileyo. Le nkqubo ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-computed tomography, ikhompyuter ye-tomography, okanye ikhompyuter ye-axial tomography.

• I-MRI (imaging resonance imaging): Inkqubo esebenzisa umazibuthe, amaza erediyo kunye nekhompyuter ukwenza uthotho lwemifanekiso eneenkcukacha zeendawo ezingaphakathi komzimba. Le nkqubo ikwabizwa ngokuba yimifanekiso yenyukliya yokujonga umfanekiso (i-NMRI).

• I-Endoscopic ultrasound kunye ne-biopsy: I-Endoscopy kunye ne-ultrasound zisetyenziselwa ukwenza umfanekiso wephepha eliphezulu le-GI kunye ne-biopsy yenziwe. I-endoscope (isixhobo esibhityileyo, esifana netyhubhu esinesibane kunye neelensi zokujonga) sifakwa ngomlomo kunye nomqala, isisu kunye nenxalenye yokuqala yamathumbu amancinci. Iprojekhthi ekupheleni kwe-endoscope isetyenziselwa ukubuyisa amaza esandi aphakamileyo amandla (i-ultrasound) kwizicubu zangaphakathi okanye kwizitho kunye nokwenza i-echoes. Iingqungquthela zenza umfanekiso wezicubu zomzimba ezibizwa ngokuba yi-sonogram. Le nkqubo ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-endosonografi. Ukhokelwa yi-sonogram, ugqirha ususa izicwili esebenzisa inaliti ebhityileyo. Ugqirha wezifo ujonga izicwili phantsi kwemicroscope ukukhangela iiseli zomhlaza.

Ukuba umhlaza ufumanekile, kungenziwa ezi mvavanyo zilandelayo ukufundisisa iiseli zomhlaza:

• I-Immunohistochemistry: Uvavanyo lwaselebhu olusebenzisa ii-antibodies ukukhangela ii-antigen ezithile (iimpawu) kwisampulu yesicwili somguli. Amachiza omzimba ahlala enxulunyaniswa ne-enzyme okanye idayi ye-fluorescent. Emva kokuba ii-antibodies zibophelela kwi-antigen ethile kwisampulu yethishu, i-enzyme okanye idayi iyasebenza, kwaye i-antigen iya kuthi emva koko ibonwe phantsi kwemicroscope. Olu hlobo lovavanyo lusetyenziselwa ukufumanisa isifo somhlaza kunye nokunceda uxelele olunye uhlobo lomhlaza kolunye uhlobo lomhlaza.

• Umgangatho weMitotic: Umlinganiso wokuba iiseli zomhlaza zahlula ngokukhawuleza kwaye zikhula njani. Ireyithi ye-mitotic ifunyanwa ngokubala inani leeseli ezahlula kwinqanaba elithile lomzimba womhlaza.

Ii-GIST ezincinci kakhulu ziqhelekile.

Ngamanye amaxesha ii-GISTs zincinci kune-eraser ngaphezulu kwepensile. Izidumbu zingafunyanwa ngexesha lenkqubo eyenziweyo ngesinye isizathu, njengeX-ray okanye uqhaqho. Ezinye zezi tumors zincinci aziyi kukhula kwaye zibangele iimpawu okanye iimpawu okanye zinwenwele esiswini okanye kwamanye amalungu omzimba. Oogqirha abavumelani malunga nokuba la mathumba amancinci kufuneka asuswe na okanye kufuneka bajongwe ukuze babone ukuba aqala ukukhula.

Izinto ezithile zichaphazela ukuxela kwangaphambili (ithuba lokufumana kwakhona) kunye nokhetho lonyango.

Ukuxela kwangaphambili (ithuba lokufumana kwakhona) kunye nokhetho lonyango luxhomekeke koku kulandelayo:

• Ngokukhawuleza iiseli zomhlaza zikhula kwaye zahlule.

• Ubungakanani bethumba.

• Apho ithumba likhona emzimbeni.

• Ingaba i-tumor ingasuswa ngokupheleleyo ngophando.

• Nokuba eli thumba linwenwele kwamanye amalungu omzimba.

Amanqanaba ezinto zesisu zesisu

IINGONGOMA EZIPHAMBILI

• Emva kokufunyanwa kwesisu esibuhlungu esiswini, kuvavanyo lwenziwa ukufumanisa ukuba iiseli zomhlaza zisasazekile ngaphakathi kwithumbu lesisu okanye kwamanye amalungu omzimba.

• Zintathu iindlela umhlaza onwenwa ngayo emzimbeni.

• Umhlaza unokusasazeka ukusuka apho waqala khona kwamanye amalungu omzimba.

• Iziphumo zovavanyo lokuqonda isifo kunye nesiteji zisetyenziselwa ukucwangcisa unyango.

Emva kokufunyanwa kwesisu esibuhlungu esiswini, kuvavanyo lwenziwa ukufumanisa ukuba iiseli zomhlaza zisasazekile ngaphakathi kwithumbu lesisu okanye kwamanye amalungu omzimba.

Inkqubo esetyenziselwa ukufumanisa ukuba ngaba umhlaza usasazekile ngaphakathi kwithumbu lesisu (GI) okanye kwamanye amalungu omzimba kuthiwa yistage. Ulwazi oluqokelelwe kwinkqubo yokubeka inqanaba lesifo. Ezi mvavanyo zilandelayo kunye neenkqubo zinokusetyenziswa kwinkqubo yokubeka esiteji:

• Ukuskena i-PET (positron emission tomography scan) Inkqubo yokufumana iiseli zethumba ezinobungozi emzimbeni. Inani elincinci leswekile ene-radioactive (iswekile) itofelwe emthanjeni. Iskena se-PET sijikeleza ujikeleze umzimba kwaye senze umfanekiso wendawo esetyenziswa kuyo iswekile emzimbeni. Iiseli zethumba ezinobungozi zibonakala ziqaqambile emfanekisweni kuba ziyasebenza kwaye zithatha iswekile eninzi kuneseli eziqhelekileyo.

• Ukuskena i-CT (ukuskena i-CAT): Inkqubo eyenza uthotho lwemifanekiso eneenkcukacha zeendawo ezingaphakathi emzimbeni, ezithathwe kwii-engile ezahlukeneyo. Imifanekiso yenziwe yikhompyuter edityaniswe kumatshini we-x-ray. Idayi inokufakwa ngaphakathi emthanjeni okanye iginywe ukunceda amalungu okanye izicwili zibonise ngokucacileyo. Le nkqubo ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-computed tomography, ikhompyuter ye-tomography, okanye ikhompyuter ye-axial tomography.

I-MRI (imaging resonance imaging): Inkqubo esebenzisa umazibuthe, amaza erediyo kunye nekhompyuter ukwenza uthotho lwemifanekiso eneenkcukacha zeendawo ezingaphakathi komzimba. Le nkqubo ikwabizwa ngokuba yimifanekiso yenyukliya yokujonga umfanekiso (i-NMRI).

• I-x-ray yesifuba: IX-reyi yamalungu namathambo ngaphakathi kwesifuba. IX-reyi luhlobo lwe-beam yamandla enokuhamba emzimbeni nakwifilimu, yenza umfanekiso weendawo ezingaphakathi komzimba.

• Ukuskena amathambo: Inkqubo yokujonga ukuba ngaba kukho iiseli ezahlula ngokukhawuleza, ezinje ngeeseli zomhlaza, emathanjeni. Inani elincinci kakhulu lezinto ezisasazeka ngemitha lifakwa emthanjeni kwaye lihamba ngokuhamba kwegazi. Izinto ezinemitha eqhumayo ziqokelela emathanjeni anomhlaza kwaye zifunyenwe siskena.

Zintathu iindlela umhlaza onwenwa ngayo emzimbeni.

Umhlaza unokusasazeka ngezicubu, inkqubo ye-lymph, kunye negazi:

• Izicubu. Umhlaza usasazeka ukusuka apho waqala ngokukhula waya kwiindawo ezikufuphi.

• Inkqubo yeLymph. Umhlaza usasazeka ukusuka apho waqala ngokungena kwinkqubo ye-lymph. Umhlaza uhamba ngemithambo ye-lymph ukuya kwamanye amalungu omzimba.

• Igazi. Umhlaza usasazeka ukusuka apho waqala ngokungena egazini. Umhlaza uhamba ngemithambo yegazi uye kwamanye amalungu omzimba.

Umhlaza unokusasazeka ukusuka apho waqala khona kwamanye amalungu omzimba.

Xa umhlaza usasazeka kwelinye ilungu lomzimba, ubizwa ngokuba yi-metastasis. Iiseli zomhlaza ziyaphuma apho ziqale khona (ithumba lokuqala) kwaye zihamba ngenkqubo ye-lymph okanye igazi.

• Inkqubo yeLymph. Umhlaza ungena kwinkqubo ye-lymph, uhamba kwiinqanawa ze-lymph, kwaye wenze i-tumor (i-metastatic tumor) kwenye indawo yomzimba.

• Igazi. Umhlaza ungena egazini, uhambe kwimithambo yegazi, kwaye wenze ithumba (metastatic tumor) kwelinye ilungu lomzimba.

I-tumor ye-metastatic yinto efanayo ne-tumor njenge-tumor yokuqala. Umzekelo, ukuba isisu esiswini (GIST) sisasazeka esibindini, iiseli zesisu esibindini ziiseli ze-GIST. Esi sifo yi-GIST ye-metastatic, hayi umhlaza wesibindi.

Iziphumo zovavanyo lokuqonda isifo kunye nesiteji zisetyenziselwa ukucwangcisa unyango.

Kwimihlaza emininzi kubalulekile ukuba wazi inqanaba lomhlaza ukuze ucwangcise unyango. Nangona kunjalo, unyango lwe-GIST alusekelwanga kwinqanaba lomhlaza. Unyango lusekwe ekubeni isisu sinokususwa ngotyando kwaye ukuba eli thumba linwenwele nakwezinye iindawo zesisu okanye kwiindawo ezikude zomzimba.

Unyango lusekwe ekubeni ithumba:

• Iyaqwalaseleka: Ezi tumors zinokususwa ngotyando.

• Ayinakuphikwa: Ezi tumors azinakususwa ngokupheleleyo ngoqhaqho.

• I-Metastatic and recurrent: Iimetastatic tumors zisasazeke kwamanye amalungu omzimba. Amathumba aphindaphindiweyo aphindaphindiwe (abuye) emva konyango. Ukuphinda-phinda ii-GISTs kunokubuyela kwithumbu lesisu okanye kwamanye amalungu omzimba. Zihlala zifumaneka esiswini, kwi-peritoneum, kunye / okanye kwisibindi.

• Ukuthintela: Ezi tumors azange zibengcono ngonyango.

Unyango ngoKhetho lonyango

IINGONGOMA EZIPHAMBILI

• Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zonyango kwizigulana ezinamathumba asesiswini.

• Iindidi ezine zonyango olusetyenziswayo zisetyenziswa:

• Ugqirha

• Unyango ekujoliswe kulo

• Ukulinda ulindile

• Inkxaso yenkxaso

• Iindidi ezintsha zonyango ziyavavanywa kuvavanyo lweklinikhi.

• Unyango lwesisu esiswini sinokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

• Izigulana zinokufuna ukucinga ngokuthatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lweklinikhi.

• Izigulana zinokungena kuvavanyo lweklinikhi ngaphambi, ngexesha, okanye emva kokuqala unyango lomhlaza.

• Iimvavanyo zokulandelela zisenokufuneka.

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zonyango kwizigulana ezinamathumba asesiswini.

Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zonyango ziyafumaneka kwizigulana ezinamathumba asesiswini (GISTs). Olunye unyango lusemgangathweni (unyango olusetyenziswayo ngoku), kwaye olunye luvavanywa kuvavanyo lweklinikhi. Uvavanyo lweklinikhi yonyango luphononongo olwenzelwe ukunceda ukuphucula unyango lwangoku okanye ukufumana ulwazi kunyango olutsha kwizigulana ezinomhlaza. Xa uvavanyo lwezonyango lubonisa ukuba unyango olutsha lungcono kunonyango oluqhelekileyo, unyango olutsha kunokuba lunyango olusemgangathweni. Izigulana zinokufuna ukucinga ngokuthatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lweklinikhi. Olunye uvavanyo lwezonyango luvuleleke kuphela kwizigulana ezingaluqalanga unyango.

Iindidi ezine zonyango olusetyenziswayo zisetyenziswa:

• Ugqirha

Ukuba i-GIST ayisasazekanga kwaye ikwindawo apho utyando lunokwenziwa ngokukhuselekileyo, ithumba kunye nezinye izicwili ezijikelezileyo zinokususwa. Ngamanye amaxesha utyando lwenziwa kusetyenziswa i-laparoscope (ityhubhu encinci, ekhanyisiweyo) ukubona ngaphakathi komzimba. Ukucuthwa okuncinci (ukusika) kwenziwa eludongeni lwesisu kwaye kufakwa i-laparoscope kwenye yeendlela. Izixhobo zinokufakwa ngendlela efanayo okanye ngezinye iindlela zokususa amalungu okanye izicwili.

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo luhlobo lonyango olusebenzisa iziyobisi okanye ezinye izinto ukuchonga nokuhlasela iiseli ezithile zomhlaza ngaphandle kokonakalisa iiseli eziqhelekileyo.

I-Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (i-TKIs) zijolise kunyango lwamachiza athintela imiqondiso efunekayo ukuze kukhule amathumba. Ii-TKI zinokusetyenziselwa ukunyanga ii-GISTs ezingenakususwa ngotyando okanye ukunciphisa i-GISTs ukuze zibe zincinci ngokwaneleyo ukuba zisuswe ngotyando. I-Imatinib mesylate kunye ne-sunitinib zimbini ii-TKIs ezisetyenziselwa ukunyanga ii-GISTs. Ngamanye amaxesha ii-TKIs zinikezelwa ixesha elide ukuba i-tumor ayikhuli kwaye iziphumo ezibi kakhulu azenzeki.

Jonga iziyobisi ezivunyiweyo zesisu seThumbu lesisu ngolwazi oluthe kratya.

Ukulinda ulindile

Ukuhlala ulindile kubeka esweni imeko yesigulana ngaphandle kokunikezela ngonyango de kuvele iimpawu okanye utshintsho.

Inkxaso yenkxaso

Ukuba i-GIST iya isiba mandundu ngexesha lonyango okanye kukho iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, ukhathalelo oluxhasayo kuhlala kunikwa. Injongo yokhathalelo oluxhasayo kukuthintela okanye ukunyanga iimpawu zesifo, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezibangelwa lunyango, kunye neengxaki zengqondo, ezentlalo kunye nezomoya ezinxulumene nesifo okanye unyango lwaso. Unonophelo oluxhasayo lunceda ukuphucula umgangatho wobomi bezigulana ezinesifo esibi okanye esisongela ubomi. Unyango ngemitha ngamanye amaxesha lunikezelwa njengononophelo lwenkxaso yokuphelisa iintlungu kwizigulana ezinamathumba amakhulu athe asasazeka.

Iindidi ezintsha zonyango ziyavavanywa kuvavanyo lweklinikhi.

Ulwazi malunga novavanyo lweklinikhi luyafumaneka kwiwebhusayithi yeNCI.

Unyango lwesisu esiswini sinokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Ngolwazi malunga neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezibangelwa lunyango lomhlaza, jonga iphepha lethu Iziphumo ezingalunganga.

Izigulana zinokufuna ukucinga ngokuthatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lweklinikhi.

Kwezinye izigulana, ukuthatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lweklinikhi kunokuba lolona khetho lonyango lufanelekileyo. Uvavanyo lwezonyango luyinxalenye yenkqubo yophando ngomhlaza. Uvavanyo lwezonyango luyenziwa ukufumanisa ukuba unyango lomhlaza olutsha lukhuselekile kwaye luyasebenza okanye lungcono kunonyango oluqhelekileyo.

Uninzi lonyango oluqhelekileyo lwanamhlanje lomhlaza lusekwe kuvavanyo lweklinikhi lwangaphambili. Izigulana ezithatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lweklinikhi zingafumana unyango olusemgangathweni okanye zibe phakathi kwabokuqala ukufumana unyango olutsha.

Izigulana ezithatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lweklinikhi zikwanceda ukuphucula indlela umhlaza oza kunyangwa ngayo kwixa elizayo. Nokuba uvavanyo lwezonyango alukhokeleli kunyango olusebenzayo, bahlala bephendula imibuzo ebalulekileyo kwaye bancedisa ukuqhubela phambili uphando.

Izigulana zinokungena kuvavanyo lweklinikhi ngaphambi, ngexesha, okanye emva kokuqala unyango lomhlaza.

Olunye uvavanyo lwezonyango lubandakanya kuphela izigulana ezingekafumani unyango. Olunye uvavanyo lokuvavanywa kunyango kwizigulana ezinomhlaza ongakhange ubengcono. Kukwakho nezilingo zeklinikhi ezivavanya iindlela ezintsha zokumisa umhlaza ekubuyeleni (ekubuyeni) okanye ukunciphisa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango lomhlaza.

Uvavanyo lwezonyango lwenzeka kwiindawo ezininzi zelizwe. Ulwazi malunga novavanyo lweklinikhi oluxhaswe yi-NCI lunokufumaneka kwiphepha lewebhu le-NCI. Uvavanyo lwezonyango oluxhaswa yiminye imibutho lunokufumaneka kwiwebhusayithi yeClinicalTrials.gov.

Iimvavanyo zokulandelela zisenokufuneka.

Ezinye zeemvavanyo ezenziweyo ukufumanisa umhlaza okanye ukufumanisa inqanaba lomhlaza zinokuphindwa. Olunye uvavanyo luya kuphindwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba lusebenza njani unyango. Izigqibo malunga nokuqhubeka, ukutshintsha, okanye ukuyeka unyango zinokusekwa kwiziphumo zolu vavanyo.

Ezinye zeemvavanyo ziya kuqhubeka ukwenziwa amaxesha ngamaxesha emva kokuba unyango luphelile. Iziphumo zolu vavanyo zingabonisa ukuba imeko yakho itshintshile okanye ukuba umhlaza ubuyile (buyela). Olu vavanyo ngamanye amaxesha lubizwa ngokuba luvavanyo olulandelayo okanye ukuhlolwa.

Ukulandelelwa kwee-GISTs ezisuswe ngotyando kunokubandakanya ukuskena kwe-CT yesibindi kunye ne-pelvis okanye ukulinda okulindile. Kwii-GISTs ezinyangwa nge-tyrosine kinase inhibitors, iimvavanyo zokulandela, ezinje nge-CT, i-MRI, okanye i-PET scan, zinokwenziwa ukujonga ukuba unyango olujolisiweyo lusebenza kakuhle kangakanani.

Unyango kwiindlela zesisu zesisu

Kweli Candelo

• Amathumbu eSisu aBonakalayo eSisu

• Amathumba angabonakaliyo eSisu

• Imetastatic kunye neRestrointestinal Stromal Tumors

• Ukuphikisa isisu seStromal Tumors

• Ukhetho kunyango kwizilingo zonyango

Ngolwazi malunga nonyango oludweliswe ngezantsi, jonga kwiCandelo loKhetho ngokujonga uKhetho.

Amathumbu eSisu aBonakalayo eSisu

Amathumba anqabileyo esiswini anokubakho (GISTs) anokususwa ngokupheleleyo okanye phantse asuswe ngokupheleleyo ngotyando. Unyango lunokubandakanya oku kulandelayo:

• Ugqirha lokususa amathumba aneesentimitha ezi-2 okanye ezinkulu. Utyando lwe-Laparoscopic lunokwenziwa ukuba ithumba li-5 cm okanye lincinci. Ukuba kukho iiseli zomhlaza ezisele emaphethelweni endawo esisuswe kuyo ithumba, ukulinda okubukeleyo okanye unyango ekujolise kulo nge-imatinib mesylate inokulandela.

• Uvavanyo lweklinikhi yonyango ekujoliswe kulo kunye ne-imatinib mesylate emva kotyando, ukunciphisa ithuba lokuba eli thumba liphinde libuye (libuye).

Amathumba angabonakaliyo eSisu

Ii-GIST ezingenakulinganiswa azinakususwa ngokupheleleyo ngoqhaqho kuba zinkulu kakhulu okanye kwindawo apho kuya kubakho umonakalo omkhulu kumalungu akufuphi ukuba ithumba lisusiwe. Unyango luhlala luvavanyo lweklinikhi yonyango ekujoliswe kulo kunye ne-imatinib mesylate yokunciphisa ithumba, kulandele utyando lokususa ithumba kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

Imetastatic kunye neRestrointestinal Stromal Tumors

Unyango lwe-GISTs olusasazeke (lusasazeka kwamanye amalungu omzimba) okanye luphindaphindiwe (lubuyile emva konyango) lunokubandakanya oku kulandelayo:

• Unyango olujolise kwi-imatinib mesylate.

• Unyango ekujoliswe kulo nge-sunitinib, ukuba ithumba liqala ukukhula ngexesha lonyango lwe-imatinib mesylate okanye ukuba iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zimbi kakhulu.

• Ugqirha lokususa amathumba anyangwe ngonyango ekujoliswe kulo kwaye ayancipha, azinzile (akatshintshi), okanye athe anyuka kancinci ngobukhulu. Unyango ekujoliswe kulo lungaqhubeka emva kotyando.

• Utyando lokususa amathumba xa kukho iingxaki ezinobuzaza, njengokuphuma kwegazi, umngxunya kwithumbu (GI), indawo evaliweyo ye-GI, okanye usulelo.

• Uvavanyo lweklinikhi yonyango olutsha.

Ukuphikisa isisu seStromal Tumors

Uninzi lwe-GISTs oluphathwe nge-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) luyaphika (yeka ukuphendula) kwichiza emva kwethutyana. Unyango luhlala luvavanyo lweklinikhi nge-TKI eyahlukileyo okanye ulingo lweklinikhi yeyeza elitsha.

Ukhetho kunyango kwizilingo zonyango

Use our clinical trial search to find NCI-supported cancer clinical trials that are accepting patients. You can search for trials based on the type of cancer, the age of the patient, and where the trials are being done. General information about clinical trials is also available.

To Learn More About Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors

For more information from the National Cancer Institute about gastrointestinal stromal tumors, see the following:

• Soft Tissue Sarcoma Home Page

• Unusual Cancers of Childhood Treatment

• Drugs Approved for Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors

• Targeted Cancer Therapies

• Angiogenesis Inhibitors

For general cancer information and other resources from the National Cancer Institute, see the following:

• About Cancer

• Staging

• Chemotherapy and You: Support for People With Cancer

• Radiation Therapy and You: Support for People With Cancer

• Ukujamelana noMhlaza

• Imibuzo yokubuza ugqirha wakho malunga neCancer

• Abasindileyo kunye nabaNonopheli