Types/midline/patient-child-midline-tract-carcinoma-treatment-pdq

Ubuntwana beMidline Tract Carcinoma ene-NUT Gene Changes Treatment (®) -Patient Version

Ulwazi ngokubanzi malunga ne-Midline Tract Carcinoma yoBuntwana

IINGONGOMA EZIPHAMBILI

• Ubuntwana be-midline tract carcinoma sisifo apho iiseli ezibi (zomhlaza) zenza indlela yokuphefumla okanye ezinye iindawo embindini womzimba.

• I-midline tract carcinoma ngamanye amaxesha ibangelwa lutshintsho kuhlobo lwe-NUT.

• Iimpawu kunye neempawu ze-midline tract carcinoma azifani kuwo wonke umntwana.

• Uvavanyo oluvavanya umzimba lusetyenziselwa ukufumanisa (ukufumana) kunye nokuchonga i-midline tract carcinoma.

• I-Midline tract carcinoma ikhula kwaye isasazeka ngokukhawuleza.

Ubuntwana be-midline tract carcinoma sisifo apho iiseli ezibi (zomhlaza) zenza indlela yokuphefumla okanye ezinye iindawo embindini womzimba.

Indlela yokuphefumla yenziwe ngempumlo, umqala, ingqula, itrachea, ibronchi kunye nemiphunga. I-midline tract carcinoma nayo inokwenza kwezinye iindawo phakathi komzimba, njenge-thymus, indawo phakathi kwemiphunga, i-pancreas, isibindi kunye ne-bladder.

I-midline tract carcinoma ngamanye amaxesha ibangelwa lutshintsho kuhlobo lwe-NUT.

I-midline tract carcinoma ibangelwa lutshintsho kwi-chromosome. Yonke iseli emzimbeni iqulethe iDNA (izinto zemvelo ezigcinwe ngaphakathi kwii-chromosomes) ezilawula indlela iseli ebonakala ngayo kwaye isebenza ngayo. I-midline tract carcinoma inokubumba xa inxenye ye-DNA isuka kwi-chromosome 15 (ebizwa ngokuba luhlobo lwe-NUT gene) idibanisa ne-DNA kwenye ikrismosome.

Iimpawu kunye neempawu ze-midline tract carcinoma azifani kuwo wonke umntwana.

Iimpawu kunye neempawu ze-midline tract carcinoma zixhomekeke apho umhlaza wenziwe khona emzimbeni.

Uvavanyo oluvavanya umzimba lusetyenziselwa ukufumanisa (ukufumana) kunye nokuchonga i-midline tract carcinoma.

Iimvavanyo ezisetyenziselwa ukufumanisa kunye nokufumanisa i-midline tract carcinoma zixhomekeke apho umhlaza wenziwe khona emzimbeni kwaye unokubandakanya oku kulandelayo:

• Uvavanyo lomzimba kunye nembali yezempilo: Uvavanyo lomzimba ukukhangela iimpawu zempilo ngokubanzi, kubandakanya nokujonga iimpawu zesifo, ezinje ngamaqhuma okanye nayiphi na into ebonakala ingaqhelekanga. Imbali yemikhwa yempilo yesigulana kunye nezifo zangaphambili kunye nonyango ziya kuthathwa.

• I-x-ray yesifuba: I-x-ray yesifuba. IX-reyi luhlobo lwe-beam yamandla enokuhamba emzimbeni nakwifilimu, yenza umfanekiso weendawo ezingaphakathi komzimba.

• I-MRI (imaging resonance imaging): Inkqubo esebenzisa umazibuthe, amaza erediyo kunye nekhompyuter ukwenza uthotho lwemifanekiso eneenkcukacha zemimandla yomzimba, enjengentloko nentamo. Le nkqubo ikwabizwa ngokuba yimifanekiso yenyukliya yokujonga umfanekiso (i-NMRI).

• Ukuskena i-CT (ukuskena i-CAT): Inkqubo eyenza uthotho lwemifanekiso eneenkcukacha zeendawo ezingaphakathi komzimba ezithathwe kwii-engile ezahlukeneyo. Imifanekiso yenziwe yikhompyuter edityaniswe kumatshini we-x-ray. Idayi inokufakwa ngaphakathi emthanjeni okanye iginywe ukunceda amalungu okanye izicwili zibonise ngokucacileyo. Le nkqubo ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-computed tomography, ikhompyuter ye-tomography, okanye ikhompyuter ye-axial tomography.

Ikhompyuter ye-tomography (CT) yentloko nentamo. Umntwana ulele phezu kwetafile etyibilika ngesikena se-CT, esithatha imifanekiso ye-x-ray ngaphakathi kwentloko nentamo.

• Biopsy: Ukususwa kweeseli ukuze zijongwe ngemicroscope ngugqirha wezilwanyana ukujonga imiqondiso yomhlaza.

Olu vavanyo lulandelayo lunokwenziwa kwisampulu yeeseli ezazisuswe:

• I-Immunohistochemistry: Uvavanyo lwaselebhu olusebenzisa ii-antibodies ukukhangela ii-antigen ezithile (iimpawu) kwisampulu yesicwili somguli. Amachiza omzimba ahlala enxulunyaniswa ne-enzyme okanye idayi ye-fluorescent. Emva kokuba ii-antibodies zibophelela kwi-antigen ethile kwisampulu yethishu, i-enzyme okanye idayi iyasebenza, kwaye i-antigen iya kuthi emva koko ibonwe phantsi kwemicroscope. Olu hlobo lovavanyo lusetyenziselwa ukufumanisa isifo somhlaza kunye nokunceda uxelele olunye uhlobo lomhlaza kolunye uhlobo lomhlaza.

• Uhlalutyo lweCytogenetic: Uvavanyo lwelabhoratri apho i-chromosomes yeeseli kwisampulu yomongo wethambo, igazi, ithumba, okanye ezinye izicwili zibalwa kwaye zijongwa kulo naluphi na utshintsho, njengokuqhekeka, ukungabikho, ukulungiswa kwakhona, okanye ii-chromosomes ezongezelelweyo. Utshintsho kwii-chromosomes ezithile kunokuba luphawu lomhlaza. Uhlalutyo lweCytogenetic lusetyenziselwa ukunceda ekuchongeni umhlaza, ukucwangcisa unyango, okanye ukufumanisa ukuba lusebenza njani unyango. Olunye uvavanyo, olunje nge-fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), inokwenziwa kwakhona ukujonga utshintsho oluthile kwii-chromosomes.

I-Midline tract carcinoma ikhula kwaye isasazeka ngokukhawuleza.

Umhlaza we-midline tract umhlaza notshintsho lwe-NUT ngumhlaza onesifo esinganyangekiyo.

Amanqanaba obuntwana beMidline Tract Carcinoma

Inkqubo esetyenziselwa ukufumanisa ukuba ngaba umhlaza usasazekile ukusuka apho waqala khona ukuya kwiindawo ezikufuphi okanye kwamanye amalungu omzimba kuthiwa yi-staging. Akukho nkqubo ikumgangatho wokubeka abantwana kwinqanaba eliphakathi le-carcinoma. Iziphumo zovavanyo kunye neenkqubo ezenziweyo zokuchonga i-midline tract carcinoma zisetyenziselwa ukunceda ukwenza izigqibo malunga nonyango.

Ubuntwana be-midline tract carcinoma bunokusasazeka kwii-lymph node, umgca ojikeleze imiphunga, umongo wethambo, okanye ithambo.

Unyango ngoKhetho lonyango

IINGONGOMA EZIPHAMBILI

• Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zonyango kubantwana abane-carcinoma ye-midline.

• Abantwana abane-carline yangaphakathi ye-carcinoma kufuneka unyango lwabo lucwangciswe liqela loogqirha abaziingcali kunyango lomhlaza wabantwana.

• Iindlela ezintathu zonyango zisetyenzisiwe:

• Ugqirha

• Unyango ngemitha

• Unyango ngamayeza

• Iindidi ezintsha zonyango ziyavavanywa kuvavanyo lweklinikhi.

• Unyango ekujoliswe kulo

• Unyango lwe-carcinoma esembindini wobuntwana kunokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

• Izigulana zinokufuna ukucinga ngokuthatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lweklinikhi.

• Izigulana zinokungena kuvavanyo lweklinikhi ngaphambi, ngexesha, okanye emva kokuqala unyango lomhlaza.

• Iimvavanyo zokulandelela zisenokufuneka.

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zonyango kubantwana abane-carcinoma ye-midline.

Olunye unyango lusemgangathweni (unyango olusetyenziswayo ngoku), kwaye olunye luvavanywa kuvavanyo lweklinikhi. Uvavanyo lweklinikhi yonyango luphononongo olwenzelwe ukunceda ukuphucula unyango lwangoku okanye ukufumana ulwazi kunyango olutsha kwizigulana ezinomhlaza. Xa uvavanyo lwezonyango lubonisa ukuba unyango olutsha lungcono kunonyango oluqhelekileyo, unyango olutsha kunokuba lunyango olusemgangathweni.

Kuba umhlaza ebantwaneni unqabile, ukuthatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lweklinikhi kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo. Olunye uvavanyo lwezonyango luvuleleke kuphela kwizigulana ezingaluqalanga unyango.

Abantwana abane-carline yangaphakathi ye-carcinoma kufuneka unyango lwabo lucwangciswe liqela loogqirha abaziingcali kunyango lomhlaza wabantwana.

Unyango luya kujongwa yi-oncologist yabantwana, ugqirha ogxile ekunyangeni abantwana abanomhlaza. I-oncologist yabantwana isebenza nabanye abaqeqeshi bezempilo yabantwana abaziingcali ekunyangeni abantwana abanomhlaza kwaye abagxile kwiindawo ezithile zamayeza. Oku kunokubandakanya ezi ngcali zilandelayo kunye nabanye:

• Ugqirha wabantwana.

• Ugqirha wabantwana.

• Imitha ye-oncologist.

• Ugqirha wezifo.

• Ingcali yomongikazi wabantwana.

• Unontlalontle.

• Ingcali yokuvuselela.

• Ingcali yeengqondo.

• Ingcali kubomi bomntwana.

Iindlela ezintathu zonyango zisetyenzisiwe:

Ugqirha

Ugqirha lokususa ithumba lolunye lonyango oluphambili olusetyenziselwa i-carcinoma ye-midline ye-midline.

Unyango ngemitha

Unyango ngemitha lunyango olusebenzisa amandla e-x-reyi okanye ezinye iintlobo zemitha yokubulala iiseli zomhlaza okanye ukuzigcina zikhula. Unyango lwangaphandle lwemitha lusebenzisa umatshini ngaphandle komzimba ukuthumela imitha kumhlaza.

Unyango ngamayeza

I-Chemotherapy yonyango lomhlaza olusebenzisa iziyobisi ukunqanda ukukhula kweeseli zomhlaza, nokuba zibulale iiseli okanye uziyekise ekwahlukaneni. Xa i-chemotherapy ithathwa ngomlomo okanye ifakwe kwi-vein okanye kwimisipha, amachiza angena kwigazi kwaye anokufikelela kwiiseli zomhlaza kuwo wonke umzimba (systemic chemotherapy).

Iindidi ezintsha zonyango ziyavavanywa kuvavanyo lweklinikhi.

Eli candelo lesishwankathelo lichaza unyango olufundwayo kuvavanyo lweklinikhi. Isenokungakhankanyi lonke unyango olutsha olufundwayo. Ulwazi malunga novavanyo lweklinikhi luyafumaneka kwiwebhusayithi yeNCI.

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo lunyango olusebenzisa iziyobisi okanye ezinye izinto ukuchonga nokuhlasela iiseli ezithile zomhlaza ngelixa zibangela ingozi encinci kwiiseli eziqhelekileyo. Amachiza amatsha ekujolise kuwo amayeza anqanda iiseli zomhlaza ekukhuleni afundwa ukunyanga i-midline tract carcinoma.

Unyango lwe-carcinoma esembindini wobuntwana kunokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Ngolwazi malunga neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqala ngexesha lonyango lomhlaza, jonga iphepha lethu Iziphumo ezingalunganga.

Izigulana zinokufuna ukucinga ngokuthatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lweklinikhi.

Kwezinye izigulana, ukuthatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lweklinikhi kunokuba lolona khetho lonyango lufanelekileyo. Uvavanyo lwezonyango luyinxalenye yenkqubo yophando ngomhlaza. Uvavanyo lwezonyango luyenziwa ukufumanisa ukuba unyango lomhlaza olutsha lukhuselekile kwaye luyasebenza okanye lungcono kunonyango oluqhelekileyo.

Uninzi lonyango oluqhelekileyo lwanamhlanje lomhlaza lusekwe kuvavanyo lweklinikhi lwangaphambili. Izigulana ezithatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lweklinikhi zingafumana unyango olusemgangathweni okanye zibe phakathi kwabokuqala ukufumana unyango olutsha.

Izigulana ezithatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lweklinikhi zikwanceda ukuphucula indlela umhlaza oza kunyangwa ngayo kwixa elizayo. Nokuba uvavanyo lwezonyango alukhokeleli kunyango olusebenzayo, bahlala bephendula imibuzo ebalulekileyo kwaye bancedisa ukuqhubela phambili uphando.

Izigulana zinokungena kuvavanyo lweklinikhi ngaphambi, ngexesha, okanye emva kokuqala unyango lomhlaza.

Olunye uvavanyo lwezonyango lubandakanya kuphela izigulana ezingekafumani unyango. Olunye uvavanyo lokuvavanywa kunyango kwizigulana ezinomhlaza ongakhange ubengcono. Kukwakho nezilingo zeklinikhi ezivavanya iindlela ezintsha zokumisa umhlaza ekubuyeleni (ekubuyeni) okanye ukunciphisa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango lomhlaza.

Uvavanyo lwezonyango lwenzeka kwiindawo ezininzi zelizwe. Ulwazi malunga novavanyo lweklinikhi oluxhaswe yi-NCI lunokufumaneka kwiphepha lewebhu le-NCI. Uvavanyo lwezonyango oluxhaswa yiminye imibutho lunokufumaneka kwiwebhusayithi yeClinicalTrials.gov.

Iimvavanyo zokulandelela zisenokufuneka.

Ezinye zeemvavanyo ezenziweyo ukufumanisa umhlaza okanye ukufumanisa inqanaba lomhlaza zinokuphindwa. Olunye uvavanyo luya kuphindwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba lusebenza njani unyango. Izigqibo malunga nokuqhubeka, ukutshintsha, okanye ukuyeka unyango zinokusekwa kwiziphumo zolu vavanyo.

Ezinye zeemvavanyo ziya kuqhubeka ukwenziwa amaxesha ngamaxesha emva kokuba unyango luphelile. Iziphumo zolu vavanyo zingabonisa ukuba imeko yomntwana wakho itshintshile okanye ukuba umhlaza ubuye wabuya (buyela). Olu vavanyo ngamanye amaxesha lubizwa ngokuba luvavanyo olulandelayo okanye ukuhlolwa.

Unyango lwe-Midline Tract Carcinoma yabantwana abasandula ukufunyanwa

Ngolwazi malunga nonyango oludweliswe ngezantsi, jonga kwiCandelo loKhetho ngokujonga uKhetho.

Akukho lunyango lusezantsi lomhlaza osandula ukufunyanwa womhlaza we-midline tract kunye ne-NUT gene changes. Unyango lunokubandakanya oku kulandelayo:

• Utyando lokususa ithumba.

• Unyango lwangaphandle lwemitha.

• Unyango ngamayeza.

• Uvavanyo lweklinikhi yonyango olutsha ekujoliswe kulo.

Sebenzisa uvavanyo lwethu lweklinikhi ukufumana ulingo lweklinikhi oluxhaswayo lwekliniki olwamkela izigulana. Unokukhangela izilingo ngokusekwe kuhlobo lomhlaza, ubudala besigulana, kwaye nokuba zenziwa phi izilingo. Ulwazi ngokubanzi malunga novavanyo lweklinikhi luyafumaneka.

Unyango lwe-Midline Tract Carcinoma yaBantwana eQhelekileyo

Ngolwazi malunga nonyango oludweliswe ngezantsi, jonga kwiCandelo loKhetho ngokujonga uKhetho.

Unyango lomhlaza ophindaphindiweyo we-midline tract cancer kunye ne-NUT gene gene ingabandakanya oku kulandelayo:

• Uvavanyo lweklinikhi olujonga isampulu yethumba lesigulana kutshintsho oluthile kwimfuza. Uhlobo lonyango ekujoliswe kulo oluya kunikwa isigulana luxhomekeke kuhlobo lotshintsho lwemfuza.

Sebenzisa uvavanyo lwethu lweklinikhi ukufumana ulingo lweklinikhi oluxhaswayo lwekliniki olwamkela izigulana. Unokukhangela izilingo ngokusekwe kuhlobo lomhlaza, ubudala besigulana, kwaye nokuba zenziwa phi izilingo. Ulwazi ngokubanzi malunga novavanyo lweklinikhi luyafumaneka.

Ukufunda ngakumbi malunga noMntwana ophakathi kweTrektara Carcinoma

Ngolwazi oluthe kratya kwi-National Cancer Institute malunga ne-midline tract carcinoma, bona oku kulandelayo:

• Ikhasi lasekhaya leNtloko kunye neCancer Neck

• Ikhompyuter yeTomography (CT) kunye noMhlaza

Ngolwazi oluthe kratya lomhlaza wabantwana kunye nezinye izixhobo zomhlaza ngokubanzi, jonga oku kulandelayo:

• Malunga noMhlaza

• Umhlaza wabantwana

• Unyango lokuKhangela uMhlaza waBantwanaPhuma kwiNgcazelo yokuzihlangula

• Iziphumo zokugqibela zonyango lweCancer yoMntwana

• Abafikisayo kunye naBantu abaDala abaDala abanomhlaza

• Abantwana abanomhlaza: Isikhokelo sabazali

• Umhlaza kuBantwana nakwishumi elivisayo

• Ukuqokelela

• Ukujamelana noMhlaza

• Imibuzo yokubuza ugqirha wakho malunga neCancer

• Abasindileyo kunye nabaNonopheli

Malunga nesi Shwankathelo se

Malunga ne

Umbuzo woGqirha weDatha (i-) liZiko leSizwe likaMhlaza (i-NCI's) olunolwazi lweenkcukacha zomhlaza. Isiseko sedatha se siqulethe isishwankathelo solwazi olupapashiweyo kutshanje malunga nothintelo lomhlaza, ukufumanisa, ufuzo, unyango, ukhathalelo oluxhasayo, kunye nonyango olongezelelweyo nolunye. Uninzi lwezishwankathelo ziza kwiinguqulelo ezimbini. Iinguqulelo zobungcali kwezempilo zinolwazi oluneenkcukacha ezibhalwe ngolwimi lobugcisa. Iinguqulelo zezigulana zibhalwe ngokuqondakala ngokulula, nangolwimi olungenabugcisa. Zombini ezi nguqulelo zinolwazi lomhlaza oluchanekileyo kwaye luhlaziyiwe kwaye uninzi lweenguqulelo ziyafumaneka ngeSpanish.

I- yinkonzo ye-NCI. I-NCI yinxalenye yamaZiko ezeMpilo kaZwelonke (NIH). I-NIH liziko likarhulumente womanyano lophando lwezinto eziphilayo. Isishwankathelo se- sisekwe kuphononongo oluzimeleyo loncwadi lwezonyango. Ayizizo iingxelo zomgaqo-nkqubo ze-NCI okanye i-NIH.

Injongo yesi Sishwankathelo

Isishwankathelo solwazi lomhlaza se- sinolwazi lwangoku malunga nonyango lwe-carcinoma ye-midline ye-midline. Yenzelwe ukwazisa kunye nokunceda abaguli, iintsapho kunye nabakhathaleli. Ayiboneleli ngezikhokelo ezisesikweni okanye izindululo zokwenza izigqibo malunga nokhathalelo lwempilo.

Abaphononongi kunye noHlaziyo

Iibhodi zokuhlela zibhala isishwankathelo solwazi ngomhlaza se- kwaye uzigcine zihlaziyiwe. Ezi Bhodi zenziwe ziingcali kunyango lomhlaza kunye nezinye izinto ezinxulumene nomhlaza. Izishwankathelo zijongwa rhoqo kwaye utshintsho lwenziwa xa kukho ulwazi olutsha. Umhla kwisishwankathelo ngasinye ("Uhlaziyiwe") ngumhla wotshintsho lwamva nje.

Ingcaciso kwesi sishwankathelo sesigulana yathathwa kuhlobo lobungcali kwezempilo, olujongwa rhoqo kwaye luhlaziywe njengoko kufuneka, yiBhodi yabaHleli yoNyango lweZonyango lwaBantwana.

Ulwazi lovavanyo lweklinikhi

Uvavanyo lweklinikhi luphononongo lokuphendula umbuzo wesayensi, onjengokuba unyango olunye lubhetele kunolunye. Izilingo zisekwe kwizifundo zangaphambili nakwinto efundwe elebhu. Uvavanyo ngalunye luphendula imibuzo ethile yesayensi ukulungiselela ukufumana iindlela ezintsha nezingcono zokunceda abaguli abanomhlaza. Ngexesha lonyango kuvavanyo lweklinikhi, ulwazi luyaqokelelwa malunga neziphumo zonyango olutsha kunye nokuba lusebenza njani. Ukuba uvavanyo lwezonyango lubonisa ukuba unyango olutsha lungcono kunolo lusetyenziswayo ngoku, unyango olutsha lunokuba "ngumgangatho." Izigulana zinokufuna ukucinga ngokuthatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lweklinikhi. Olunye uvavanyo lwezonyango luvuleleke kuphela kwizigulana ezingaluqalanga unyango.

Uvavanyo lwezonyango lunokufumaneka kwi-Intanethi kwiwebhusayithi ye-NCI. Ngolwazi oluthe kratya, tsalela umnxeba i-Cancer Information Service (CIS), iziko loqhagamshelwano le-NCI, 1-800-4-CANCER (1-800-422-6237).

Imvume yokusebenzisa esi sishwankathelo

I- luphawu lwentengiso olubhalisiweyo. Umxholo wamaxwebhu e- unokusetyenziswa ngokukhululekileyo njengombhalo. Ayinakuchongwa njengesishwankathelo solwazi ngomhlaza se-NCI ngaphandle kokuba sonke isishwankathelo sibonisiwe kwaye sihlaziywa rhoqo. Nangona kunjalo, umsebenzisi uya kuvunyelwa ukuba abhale isivakalisi esifana nesithi "Isishwankathelo solwazi lomhlaza se-PDI malunga nesifo somhlaza wamabele sichaza umngcipheko ngale ndlela ilandelayo: [kubandakanya isicatshulwa kwisishwankathelo]."

Eyona ndlela yokuchaza esi sishwankathelo se zezi:

Imifanekiso kwesi sishwankathelo isetyenziswe ngemvume yombhali, yomculi, kunye / okanye yomshicileli ukuze isetyenziswe kwizishwankathelo ze kuphela. Ukuba ufuna ukusebenzisa umfanekiso kwisishwankathelo se kwaye awusebenzisi isishwankathelo esipheleleyo, kuya kufuneka ufumane imvume kumniniyo. Ayinakunikwa liZiko leSizwe loMhlaza. Ulwazi malunga nokusebenzisa imifanekiso kwesi sishwankathelo, kunye neminye imifanekiso emininzi enxulumene nomhlaza inokufumaneka kwiiVenkile ezikwi-Intanethi. Izinto ezibonwayo kwi-Intanethi yingqokelela yemifanekiso engaphezulu kwe-3,000 yesayensi.

Ukuziphendulela

Ulwazi olukuzi shwankathelo akufuneki lusetyenziselwe ukwenza izigqibo malunga nokubuyiselwa kwemali ye-inshurensi. Ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga ne-inshurensi luyafumaneka kwiCancer.gov kwiphepha lokuLawula uMhlaza.

Qhagamshelana nathi

Olunye ulwazi malunga nokunxibelelana nathi okanye ukufumana uncedo ngewebhusayithi yeCancer.gov inokufumaneka kuthi Nxibelelana nathi ngoncedo iphepha. Imibuzo ingangeniswa kwiCancer.gov ngokusebenzisa i-imeyile kuthi yewebhusayithi.

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