Iindidi / ileukemia / isigulana / unyango lwe-cml-pdq

Unyango lwe-Myelogenous Leukemia Treatment (®) -iPatient Version

Ulwazi ngokubanzi malunga neLeukemia enganyangekiyo

IINGONGOMA EZIPHAMBILI

• I-leukemia enganyangekiyo sisifo apho umongo wethambo wenza iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi ezininzi kakhulu.

• Ileukemia inokuchaphazela iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi kunye neeplatelets.

• Iimpawu kunye neempawu ze-leukemia enganyangekiyo ibandakanya umkhuhlane, ukubila ebusuku kunye nokudinwa.

• Uninzi lwabantu abane-CML banokutshintsha kwemfuza (utshintsho) olubizwa ngokuba yi-chromosome yaseFiladelphia.

• Uvavanyo oluvavanya igazi kunye nomongo wethambo zisetyenziselwa ukufumanisa (ukufumana) kunye nokufumanisa isifo segazi esingapheliyo.

• Izinto ezithile zichaphazela ukuxela kwangaphambili (ithuba lokufumana kwakhona) kunye nokhetho lonyango.

I-leukemia enganyangekiyo sisifo apho umongo wethambo wenza iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi ezininzi kakhulu.

I-leukemia engapheliyo ye-myelogenous leukemia (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-CML okanye i-leukemia engapheliyo ye-granulocytic leukemia) sisifo segazi esihamba kancinci kunye nomongo wethambo esihlala senzeka ngexesha okanye emva kweminyaka yobudala, kwaye kunqabile ukwenzeka ebantwaneni.

Umzimba wethambo. Ithambo lenziwe ngethambo elidibeneyo, ithambo lesiponji kunye nomongo wethambo. Ithambo elidityanisiweyo lenza umaleko wangaphandle wethambo. Ithambo lesiponji lifumaneka ikakhulu kwiziphelo zamathambo kwaye liqukethe umongo obomvu. Umongo wethambo ufumaneka embindini wamathambo kwaye unemithambo yegazi emininzi. Zimbini iintlobo zomongo wethambo: obomvu nomthubi. Umongo obomvu uqukethe iiseli zegazi ezinokuthi zibe ziiseli ezibomvu zegazi, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, okanye iiplatelets. Umongo omthubi wenziwe ikakhulu ngamafutha.

Ileukemia inokuchaphazela iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi kunye neeplatelets.

Ngokwesiqhelo, umongo wethambo wenza iiseli zegazi (ezingafakwanga iiseli) eziba ziiseli zegazi ezivuthiweyo ngokuhamba kwexesha. Iseli yegazi inokuba siseli se-myeloid okanye iseli ye-lymphoid stem. Iseli ye-lymphoid stem iyiseli yegazi emhlophe.

Iseli yeseli ye-myeloid iba yenye yeentlobo ezintathu zeeseli zegazi ezivuthiweyo:

• Iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezithwala ioksijini kunye nezinye izinto kuwo onke amalungu omzimba.

• Iiplatelets ezenza amahlwili egazi ayeke ukopha.

• IiGranulocytes (iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi) ezilwa nosulelo kunye nezifo.

Ukuphuhliswa kweseli yegazi. Iseli yegazi ihamba ngamanqanaba aliqela ukuze ibe yiseli ebomvu yegazi, iplatelet, okanye iseli yegazi emhlophe.

Kwi-CML, iiseli ezininzi zegazi ziye zibe luhlobo lweeseli ezimhlophe ezibizwa ngokuba zii-granulocytes. Ezi granulocytes aziqhelekanga kwaye azibi ziiseli ezimhlophe zegazi. Zikwabizwa ngokuba ziiseli zegazi. Iiseli ze-leukemia zinokwakha egazini kunye nomongo wethambo ngenxa yoko akukho ndawo incinci yeeseli ezimhlophe eziphilileyo, iiseli ezibomvu zegazi kunye neeplatelets. Xa oku kusenzeka, usulelo, i-anemia, okanye ukopha ngokulula kunokwenzeka.

Esi sishwankathelo simalunga ne-leukemia engapheliyo. Jonga ezi zishwankathelo zilandelayo ze- ngolwazi oluthe kratya malunga ne-leukemia:

• Unyango lweLukymphoblastic Leukemia yabantu abadala

• Unyango lwe-Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

• Unyango lwabantu abadala abaNamandla

• Ubuncinci be-Myeloid Leukemia / Olunye unyango lweMyeloid Malignancies

• Unyango lweLymphocytic Leukemia enganyangekiyo

• Unyango lweeuksi zeSeli leenwele

Iimpawu kunye neempawu ze-leukemia enganyangekiyo ibandakanya umkhuhlane, ukubila ebusuku kunye nokudinwa.

Ezi kunye nezinye iimpawu kunye neempawu zinokubangelwa yi-CML okanye ngezinye iimeko. Jonga ugqirha wakho ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Ndiziva ndidiniwe.

• Ukwehla kwesisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu esaziwayo.

• Ukubila ebusuku.

• Ifiva.

• Intlungu okanye imvakalelo yokugcwala ngaphantsi kweembambo kwicala lasekhohlo.

• Ngamanye amaxesha i-CML ayibangeli zimpawu kwaphela.

Uninzi lwabantu abane-CML banokutshintsha kwemfuza (utshintsho) olubizwa ngokuba yi-chromosome yaseFiladelphia.

Yonke iseli emzimbeni iqulethe iDNA (imathiriyeli yemfuza) emisela ukuba iseli ijongeka njani kwaye isebenza njani. I-DNA iqulethwe ngaphakathi kwii-chromosomes. Kwi-CML, inxenye ye-DNA isuka kwenye i-chromosome isiya kwenye i-chromosome. Olu tshintsho lubizwa ngokuba yi "chromosome yaseFiladelphia." Inesiphumo somongo wethambo owenza iprotein, ebizwa ngokuba yi-tyrosine kinase, ebangela ukuba iiseli ezininzi kakhulu zibe ziiseli ezimhlophe zegazi (iigranulocytes okanye uqhushumbo).

I-chromosome yaseFiladelphia ayidluliswanga ukusuka kumzali kuye emntwaneni.

I-chromosome yaseFiladelphia. Iqhekeza le-chromosome 9 kunye neqhekeza le-chromosome 22 kunye neendawo zorhwebo. Uhlobo lwe-BCR-ABL lwenziwa kwi-chromosome 22 apho iqhekeza le-chromosome 9 linamathela. I-chromosome 22 etshintshiweyo ibizwa ngokuba yi-chromosome yaseFiladelphia.

Uvavanyo oluvavanya igazi kunye nomongo wethambo zisetyenziselwa ukufumanisa (ukufumana) kunye nokufumanisa isifo segazi esingapheliyo.

Ezi mvavanyo zilandelayo kunye neenkqubo zinokusetyenziswa:

Uvavanyo lomzimba kunye nembali yezempilo: Uvavanyo lomzimba ukukhangela iimpawu zempilo ngokubanzi, kubandakanya nokujonga imiqondiso yezifo ezinje ngepeni eyandisiweyo. Imbali yemikhwa yempilo yesigulana kunye nezifo zangaphambili kunye nonyango ziya kuthathwa.

Gcwalisa ubalo lwegazi (CBC) ngokwahluka-hlukeneyo: Inkqubo apho isampulu yegazi itsalwa kwaye ihlolwe oku kulandelayo:

• Inani leeseli ezibomvu zegazi kunye neeplatelets.

• Inani nohlobo lweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi.

• Isixa sehemoglobin (iprotein ethwala ioksijini) kwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi.

• Inxalenye yesampulu yegazi eyenziwe ziiseli ezibomvu zegazi.

Gcwalisa ubalo lwegazi (CBC). Igazi liqokelelwa ngokufaka inaliti emthanjeni kwaye livumele igazi ukuba lingene kumbhobho. Isampulu yegazi ithunyelwa elebhu kwaye iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi kunye neeplatelets kubalwa. I-CBC isetyenziselwa ukuvavanya, ukufumanisa isifo, kunye nokubeka iliso kwiimeko ezininzi ezahlukeneyo.

• Izifundo ze-chemistry yegazi: Inkqubo apho kuvavanywa khona isampulu yegazi ukulinganisa izixa zezinto ezithile ezikhutshelwe egazini ngamalungu kunye nezicubu zomzimba. Inani elingaqhelekanga (eliphezulu okanye elisezantsi kunesiqhelo) lwento elinokuba ngumqondiso wesifo.

• Umnqweno wethambo kunye ne-biopsy: Ukususwa komongo wethambo, igazi, kunye nesiqwenga samathambo ngokufaka inaliti kwisifuba okanye ithambo lesifuba. Ugqirha wezifo ujonga umongo wethambo, igazi kunye nethambo phantsi kwemicroscope ukukhangela iiseli ezingaqhelekanga.

Umnqweno wethambo lomnqweno kunye ne-biopsy. Emva kokuba indawo encinci yolusu iphonyiwe, inaliti yomongo wethambo ifakwa kwisithambo sethambo lesigulana. Iisampulu zegazi, ithambo, kunye nomongo wethambo ziyasuswa ukuze zihlolwe phantsi kwemicroscope.

Olunye lolu vavanyo lulandelayo lunokwenziwa kwiisampuli zegazi okanye umongo wethambo osusiweyo:

• Uhlalutyo lweCytogenetic: Uvavanyo lwaselebhu apho ii-chromosomes zeeseli kwisampulu yegazi okanye umongo wethambo zibalwa kwaye zijongwa kulo naluphi na utshintsho, njengokwaphuka, ukulahleka, ukulungiswa ngokutsha, okanye ii-chromosomes ezongezelelweyo. Utshintsho kwii-chromosomes ezithile, ezinje nge-chromosome yaseFiladelphia, inokuba luphawu lomhlaza. Uhlalutyo lweCytogenetic lusetyenziselwa ukunceda ekuchongeni umhlaza, ukucwangcisa unyango, okanye ukufumanisa ukuba lusebenza njani unyango.

• I-FISH (i-fluorescence in situ hybridization): Uvavanyo lwaselebhu olusetyenziselwa ukujonga nokubala ii-genes okanye ii-chromosomes kwiiseli nakwizicubu. Amacandelo e-DNA aqukethe idayi ye-fluorescent yenziwa elebhu kwaye yongezwa kwisampulu yeeseli zomguli okanye izicwili. Xa ezi ziqwenga zeDNA zidayiweyo zinamathela kwimfuza ethile okanye kwiindawo zechromosomes kwisampulu, ziyakhanya xa zijongwa phantsi kwemicroscope ebengezelayo. Uvavanyo lwe-FISH lusetyenziselwa ukunceda ekuchongeni umhlaza kunye nokunceda ekucwangciseni unyango.

• Ukubuyela umva kuvavanyo lwe-polymerase test reaction reaction (RT – PCR): Uvavanyo lwaselebhu apho inani lezixhobo zemfuza ezibizwa ngokuba yi-mRNA ezenziwe ngumfuzo othile zilinganiswa. I-enzyme ebizwa ngokuba yi-reverse transcriptase isetyenziselwa ukuguqula iqhekeza elithile le-RNA libe sisiqwengana se-DNA, esinokwandiswa (senziwe ngamanani amakhulu) yenye i-enzyme ebizwa ngokuba yi-DNA polymerase. Iikopi ze-DNA ezandisiweyo zinceda ukuxelela ukuba ngaba i-mRNA ethile yenziwa ngumfuzo. I-RT-PCR inokusetyenziselwa ukukhangela ukwenziwa kwezinto ezithile ezinokubonisa ubukho beeseli zomhlaza. Olu vavanyo lunokusetyenziselwa ukujonga utshintsho oluthile kwimfuza okanye kwi-chromosome, enokunceda ukufumanisa umhlaza.

Izinto ezithile zichaphazela ukuxela kwangaphambili (ithuba lokufumana kwakhona) kunye nokhetho lonyango.

Ukuxela kwangaphambili (ithuba lokufumana kwakhona) kunye nokhetho lonyango luxhomekeke koku kulandelayo:

• ubudala besigulana.

• Isigaba se-CML.

• Isixa sokuqhuma egazini okanye kumongo wethambo.

• Ubungakanani bepeni ekuchongeni.

Amanqanaba eLeukemia enganyangekiyo

IINGONGOMA EZIPHAMBILI

• Emva kokuba kufunyaniswe isifo segazi esingapheliyo, kuye kwenziwe uvavanyo lokufumanisa ukuba umhlaza usasazekile na.

• I-leukemia enganyangekiyo enezigaba ezi-3.

• Isigaba esingapheliyo

• Isigaba esikhawulezayo

• Isigaba esingabonakaliyo

• Impilo yomguli ngokubanzi.

Emva kokuba kufunyaniswe isifo segazi esingapheliyo, kuye kwenziwe uvavanyo lokufumanisa ukuba umhlaza usasazekile na.

Inqanaba yinkqubo esetyenziselwa ukufumanisa ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kangakanani. Akukho nkqubo yokumisela imigangatho ye-leukemia engapheliyo (i-CML). Endaweni yoko, esi sifo sihlelwa yinqanaba: isigaba esinganyangekiyo, isigaba esikhawulezayo, okanye isigaba esimnyama. Kubalulekile ukwazi isigaba ukuze ucwangcise unyango. Ulwazi oluvela kuvavanyo kunye neenkqubo ezenziweyo zokufumanisa (ukufumana) kunye nokufumanisa isifo segazi esinezifo ezingasasebenziyo zikwasetyenziselwa ukucwangcisa unyango.

I-leukemia enganyangekiyo enezigaba ezi-3.

Njengoko inani leeseli zokuqhushumba lonyuka egazini kunye nomongo wethambo, akukho ndawo incinci yeeseli ezimhlophe eziphilileyo, iiseli ezibomvu zegazi kunye neeplatelets. Oku kunokubangela usulelo, i-anemia, kunye nokopha ngokulula, kunye nentlungu yethambo kunye nentlungu okanye imvakalelo yokugcwala ngaphantsi kweembambo kwicala lasekhohlo. Inani lokudubula kweeseli egazini kunye nomongo wethambo kunye nobukrakra beempawu okanye iimpawu ezichaza isigaba sesifo.

Isigaba esingapheliyo

Kwisigaba esinganyangekiyo se-CML, ngaphantsi kwe-10% yeeseli ezisegazini kunye nomongo wethambo ziiseli ezityhutyhileyo.

Isigaba esikhawulezayo

Kwinqanaba elikhawulezileyo le-CML, i-10% ukuya kwi-19% yeeseli ezisegazini kunye nomongo wethambo ziiseli zeeseli.

Isigaba esingabonakaliyo

Kwinqanaba le-CML elimnyama, iipesenti ezingama-20 okanye ngaphezulu kweeseli ezisegazini okanye kumongo wethambo ziiseli ezitshisayo. Xa ukudinwa, umkhuhlane, kunye nepeni eyandisiweyo kwenzeka ngexesha lesigaba sokudlathuka, kubizwa ngokuba yingxaki yokuqhushumba.

Ukubuyela umva kweLeukemia enganyangekiyo engapheliyo

Kwi-CML ebuyileyo, inani leeseli zokuqhushumba lonyuka emva koxolelo.

Unyango ngoKhetho lonyango

IINGONGOMA EZIPHAMBILI

• Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zonyango kwizigulana ezine-leukemia enganyangekiyo.

• Iindidi ezintandathu zonyango zisetyenziswa:

• Unyango ekujoliswe kulo

• Unyango ngamayeza

• Unyango lwebhayoloji

• I-dose ephezulu ye-chemotherapy kunye nokufakelwa kweseli

• Ukufakwa kwi-lymphocyte infusion (DLI)

• Ugqirha

• Iindidi ezintsha zonyango ziyavavanywa kuvavanyo lweklinikhi.

• Unyango lwe-leukemia engapheliyo inokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

• Izigulana zinokufuna ukucinga ngokuthatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lweklinikhi.

• Izigulana zinokungena kuvavanyo lweklinikhi ngaphambi, ngexesha, okanye emva kokuqala unyango lomhlaza.

• Iimvavanyo zokulandelela zisenokufuneka.

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zonyango kwizigulana ezine-leukemia enganyangekiyo.

Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zonyango ziyafumaneka kwizigulana ezine-leukemia enganyangekiyo (i-CML). Olunye unyango lusemgangathweni (unyango olusetyenziswayo ngoku), kwaye olunye luvavanywa kuvavanyo lweklinikhi. Uvavanyo lwezonyango lonyango luphononongo olwenzelwe ukunceda ukuphucula unyango lwangoku okanye ukufumana ulwazi malunga nonyango olutsha kwizigulana ezinomhlaza. Xa uvavanyo lwezonyango lubonisa ukuba unyango olutsha lungcono kunonyango oluqhelekileyo, unyango olutsha kunokuba lunyango olusemgangathweni. Izigulana zinokufuna ukucinga ngokuthatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lweklinikhi. Olunye uvavanyo lwezonyango luvuleleke kuphela kwizigulana ezingaluqalanga unyango.

Iindidi ezintandathu zonyango zisetyenziswa:

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo luhlobo lonyango olusebenzisa iziyobisi okanye ezinye izinto ukuchonga nokuhlasela iiseli ezithile zomhlaza ngaphandle kokonakalisa iiseli eziqhelekileyo. I-Tyrosine kinase inhibitors ijolise kunyango lweziyobisi ezisetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-leukemia enganyangekiyo.

Imatinib mesylate, nilotinib, dasatinib, kunye ne-ponatinib zi-tyrosine kinase inhibitors ezisetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-CML.

Jonga iziyobisi ezivunyiweyo zeleukemia engapheliyo ye-Myelogenous ngolwazi oluthe kratya.

Unyango ngamayeza

I-Chemotherapy yonyango lomhlaza olusebenzisa iziyobisi ukunqanda ukukhula kweeseli zomhlaza, nokuba zibulale iiseli okanye uziyekise ekwahlukaneni. Xa i-chemotherapy ithathwa ngomlomo okanye ifakwe kwi-vein okanye kwimisipha, amachiza angena kwigazi kwaye anokufikelela kwiiseli zomhlaza kuwo wonke umzimba (systemic chemotherapy). Xa i-chemotherapy ibekwa ngqo kwi-cerebrospinal fluid, ilungu, okanye indawo yomzimba efana nesisu, iziyobisi zichaphazela kakhulu iiseli zomhlaza kwezo ndawo (chemotherapy yengingqi). Indlela i-chemotherapy enikezelwa ngayo ixhomekeke kuhlobo kunye nenqanaba lomhlaza ophathwayo.

Jonga iziyobisi ezivunyiweyo zeleukemia engapheliyo ye-Myelogenous ngolwazi oluthe kratya.

Unyango lwebhayoloji

Unyango lwe-Biologic lunyango olusebenzisa amajoni omzimba wesigulana ukulwa nomhlaza. Izinto ezenziwe ngumzimba okanye ezenziwe elebhu zisetyenziselwa ukonyusa, ukuqondisa, okanye ukubuyisela ukhuseleko lwendalo lomzimba kumhlaza. Olu hlobo lonyango lomhlaza lukwabizwa ngokuba yi-biotherapy okanye i-immunotherapy.

Jonga iziyobisi ezivunyiweyo zeleukemia engapheliyo ye-Myelogenous ngolwazi oluthe kratya.

I-dose ephezulu ye-chemotherapy kunye nokufakelwa kweseli

Amanqanaba aphezulu e-chemotherapy anikezelwa ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Iiseli ezisempilweni, kubandakanya iiseli ezenza igazi, nazo ziyatshatyalaliswa lunyango lomhlaza. Ukufakelwa kweseli kwistem kunyango endaweni yeeseli ezenza igazi. Iiseli zeziqu (iiseli zegazi ezingafakwanga) ziyasuswa egazini okanye kumongo wethambo wesigulana okanye somnikeli kwaye zibandisiwe kwaye zigcinwe. Emva kokuba isiguli sigqibe i-chemotherapy, iiseli ezigciniweyo ezigciniweyo ziyanyibilika kwaye zibuyiselwe kwisigulana ngokufakwa. Ezi seli ze-stem ziphinde zafakwa zikhula ziye (kwaye zibuyisele) iiseli zegazi lomzimba.

Jonga iziyobisi ezivunyiweyo zeleukemia engapheliyo ye-Myelogenous ngolwazi oluthe kratya.

Ukufakelwa kweseli. (Inyathelo 1): Igazi lithathwa emthanjeni engalweni yomnikeli. Isigulana okanye omnye umntu angangumnikeli. Igazi lihamba ngomatshini osusa iiseli zeziqu. Emva koko igazi libuyiselwa kulowo unikeleyo ngomthambo okwenye ingalo. (Inyathelo 2): Isigulana sifumana ichemotherapy yokubulala iiseli ezenza igazi. Isigulana sinokufumana unyango ngemitha (engaboniswanga). (Inyathelo 3): Isigulana sifumana iiseli zeziqu ngokusebenzisa ipayinti ebekwe kwisitya segazi esifubeni.

Ukufakwa kwi-lymphocyte infusion (DLI)

Ukufakwa ngaphakathi kwe-lymphocyte infusion (DLI) lunyango lomhlaza olunokusetyenziswa emva kokufakelwa kweseli. I-lymphocyte (uhlobo lweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi) ezivela kumnikeli wokufakwa kweeseli ezixineneyo ziyasuswa kwigazi lomnikeli kwaye zinokuba ngumkhenkce ukuze zigcinwe. I-lymphocyte yomnikeli inyibilikisiwe ukuba ibingumkhenkce ize inikwe isigulana ngendlela enye okanye nangaphezulu. Ii-lymphocyte zibona iiseli zomhlaza zesigulana njengezingezozomzimba kwaye zibahlasele.

Ugqirha

I-Splenectomy yotyando lokususa udakada.

Iindidi ezintsha zonyango ziyavavanywa kuvavanyo lweklinikhi.

Ulwazi malunga novavanyo lweklinikhi luyafumaneka kwiwebhusayithi yeNCI.

Unyango lwe-leukemia engapheliyo inokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Ngolwazi malunga neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezibangelwa lunyango lomhlaza, jonga iphepha lethu Iziphumo ezingalunganga.

Izigulana zinokufuna ukucinga ngokuthatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lweklinikhi.

Kwezinye izigulana, ukuthatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lweklinikhi kunokuba lolona khetho lonyango lufanelekileyo. Uvavanyo lwezonyango luyinxalenye yenkqubo yophando ngomhlaza. Uvavanyo lwezonyango luyenziwa ukufumanisa ukuba unyango lomhlaza olutsha lukhuselekile kwaye luyasebenza okanye lungcono kunonyango oluqhelekileyo.

Uninzi lonyango oluqhelekileyo lwanamhlanje lomhlaza lusekwe kuvavanyo lweklinikhi lwangaphambili. Izigulana ezithatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lweklinikhi zingafumana unyango olusemgangathweni okanye zibe phakathi kwabokuqala ukufumana unyango olutsha.

Izigulana ezithatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lweklinikhi zikwanceda ukuphucula indlela umhlaza oza kunyangwa ngayo kwixa elizayo. Nokuba uvavanyo lwezonyango alukhokeleli kunyango olusebenzayo, bahlala bephendula imibuzo ebalulekileyo kwaye bancedisa ukuqhubela phambili uphando.

Izigulana zinokungena kuvavanyo lweklinikhi ngaphambi, ngexesha, okanye emva kokuqala unyango lomhlaza.

Olunye uvavanyo lwezonyango lubandakanya kuphela izigulana ezingekafumani unyango. Olunye uvavanyo lokuvavanywa kunyango kwizigulana ezinomhlaza ongakhange ubengcono. Kukwakho nezilingo zeklinikhi ezivavanya iindlela ezintsha zokumisa umhlaza ekubuyeleni (ekubuyeni) okanye ukunciphisa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango lomhlaza.

Uvavanyo lwezonyango lwenzeka kwiindawo ezininzi zelizwe. Ulwazi malunga novavanyo lweklinikhi oluxhaswe yi-NCI lunokufumaneka kwiphepha lewebhu le-NCI. Uvavanyo lwezonyango oluxhaswa yiminye imibutho lunokufumaneka kwiwebhusayithi yeClinicalTrials.gov.

Iimvavanyo zokulandelela zisenokufuneka.

Ezinye zeemvavanyo ezenziweyo ukufumanisa umhlaza okanye ukufumanisa inqanaba lomhlaza zinokuphindwa. Olunye uvavanyo luya kuphindwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba lusebenza njani unyango. Izigqibo malunga nokuqhubeka, ukutshintsha, okanye ukuyeka unyango zinokusekwa kwiziphumo zolu vavanyo.

Ezinye zeemvavanyo ziya kuqhubeka ukwenziwa amaxesha ngamaxesha emva kokuba unyango luphelile. Iziphumo zolu vavanyo zingabonisa ukuba imeko yakho itshintshile okanye ukuba umhlaza ubuyile (buyela). Olu vavanyo ngamanye amaxesha lubizwa ngokuba luvavanyo olulandelayo okanye ukuhlolwa.

Izinketho zonyango lwe-Leukemia engapheliyo

Kweli Candelo

• Isigaba esingapheliyo Isifo seeleukemia esinganyangekiyo

• Isigaba esikhawulezayo seSifo seMyukliya esinganyangekiyo

• Isigaba seBlastic esingapheliyo seLeukemia engapheliyo

• Ukubuyela umva kweLeukemia enganyangekiyo engapheliyo

Ngolwazi malunga nonyango oludweliswe ngezantsi, jonga kwiCandelo loKhetho ngokujonga uKhetho.

Isigaba esingapheliyo Isifo seeleukemia esinganyangekiyo

Unyango lwesifo esingapheliyo se-leukemia esingaqhelekanga sinokubandakanya oku kulandelayo:

• Unyango olujolise kwi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor.

• I-dose ephezulu ye-chemotherapy kunye nokufakelwa kweseli yomnikeli.

• Unyango ngamayeza.

• Splenectomy.

• Uvavanyo lweklinikhi yonyango lweedosi ezisezantsi kunye nokufakelwa kweseli kwesiqu somnikeli.

• Uvavanyo lweklinikhi yonyango olutsha.

Sebenzisa uvavanyo lwethu lweklinikhi ukufumana ulingo lweklinikhi oluxhaswayo lwekliniki olwamkela izigulana. Unokukhangela izilingo ngokusekwe kuhlobo lomhlaza, ubudala besigulana, kwaye nokuba zenziwa phi izilingo. Ulwazi ngokubanzi malunga novavanyo lweklinikhi luyafumaneka.

Isigaba esikhawulezayo seSifo seMyukliya esinganyangekiyo

Unyango lwesigaba esikhawulezayo se-leukemia enganyangekiyo inokubandakanya oku kulandelayo:

• Ukufakelwa kweseli yesiqu.

• Unyango olujolise kwi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor.

• Unyango lweTyrosine kinase inhibitor olulandelwa kukufakwa kweseli kwesiqu somnikeli.

• Unyango lwe-Biologic (i-interferon) kunye okanye ngaphandle kwe-chemotherapy.

• I-dose ephezulu ye-chemotherapy.

• Unyango ngamayeza.

• Unyango lotofelo-gazi ukubuyisela iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, iiplatelets, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, ukunciphisa iimpawu kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi.

• Uvavanyo lweklinikhi yonyango olutsha.

Sebenzisa uvavanyo lwethu lweklinikhi ukufumana ulingo lweklinikhi oluxhaswayo lwekliniki olwamkela izigulana. Unokukhangela izilingo ngokusekwe kuhlobo lomhlaza, ubudala besigulana, kwaye nokuba zenziwa phi izilingo. Ulwazi ngokubanzi malunga novavanyo lweklinikhi luyafumaneka.

Isigaba seBlastic esingapheliyo seLeukemia engapheliyo

Unyango lwesigaba esimnyama se-leukemia esingapheliyo sinokubandakanya oku kulandelayo:

• Unyango olujolise kwi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor.

• Chemotherapy usebenzisa ichiza elinye okanye nangaphezulu.

• I-dose ephezulu ye-chemotherapy.

• Ukufakelwa kweseli yesiqu.

• I-Chemotherapy njengonyango lokunyanga ukukhupha iimpawu kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi.

• Uvavanyo lweklinikhi yonyango olutsha.

Sebenzisa uvavanyo lwethu lweklinikhi ukufumana ulingo lweklinikhi oluxhaswayo lwekliniki olwamkela izigulana. Unokukhangela izilingo ngokusekwe kuhlobo lomhlaza, ubudala besigulana, kwaye nokuba zenziwa phi izilingo. Ulwazi ngokubanzi malunga novavanyo lweklinikhi luyafumaneka.

Ukubuyela umva kweLeukemia enganyangekiyo engapheliyo

Unyango lwe-leukemia engapheliyo ye-myelogenous inokubandakanya oku kulandelayo:

• Unyango olujolise kwi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor.

• Ukufakelwa kweseli yesiqu.

• Unyango ngamayeza.

• Ukufakwa kwe-lymphocyte yomnikeli.

• Unyango lwe-Biologic (interferon).

• Uvavanyo lweklinikhi lweentlobo ezintsha okanye idosi ephezulu yonyango ekujoliswe kulo okanye ukufakelwa kweseli yesitshixo somnikeli.

Sebenzisa uvavanyo lwethu lweklinikhi ukufumana ulingo lweklinikhi oluxhaswayo lwekliniki olwamkela izigulana. Unokukhangela izilingo ngokusekwe kuhlobo lomhlaza, ubudala besigulana, kwaye nokuba zenziwa phi izilingo. Ulwazi ngokubanzi malunga novavanyo lweklinikhi luyafumaneka.

Ukufunda ngakumbi malunga neleukemia enganyangekiyo engapheliyo

Ngolwazi oluthe kratya kwiZiko leSizwe loMhlaza malunga neleukemia enganyangekiyo, bona oku kulandelayo:

• Ikhasi lasekhaya leleukemia

• Iithagethi zoMhlaza ezijolise kuko

• Iziyobisi ezivunyiweyo zesifo segazi esingapheliyo

• Iziyobisi ezivunyiweyo zeMyeloproliferative Neoplasms

• Unyango lwe-Immunotherapy ukunyanga uMhlaza

• Utyando lweSeli oluQulunqwe ngegazi

Ngolwazi lomhlaza ngokubanzi kunye nezinye izixhobo ezivela kwiNational Cancer Institute, jonga oku kulandelayo:

• Malunga noMhlaza

• Ukuqokelela

• I-Chemotherapy kunye nawe: Inkxaso yabantu abanomdlavuza

• Unyango ngemitha kunye nawe: Inkxaso yabantu abanomhlaza

• Ukujamelana noMhlaza

• Imibuzo yokubuza ugqirha wakho malunga neCancer

• Abasindileyo kunye nabaNonopheli