Types/head-and-neck/patient/adult/metastatic-squamous-neck-treatment-pdq

I-Metastatic Squamous Neck Cancer kunye ne-Occult Primary Treatment (i-Adult) Version

Ulwazi ngokubanzi malunga neMetastatic Squamous Neck Cancer enesikolo sePrayimari

IINGONGOMA EZIPHAMBILI

• Umhlaza wesifo se-metastatic squamous cancer kunye nesiseko se-occult sisifo apho umhlaza weeseli squamous usasazeka kwii-lymph node entanyeni kwaye awaziwa ukuba umhlaza waqala phi emzimbeni.

• Iimpawu kunye neempawu zesifo somhlaza wentamo e-metastatic squamous kunye neprayimari ephambili kubandakanya iqhuma okanye iintlungu entanyeni okanye emqaleni.

• Uvavanyo oluvavanya izicwili zomqala, indlela yokuphefumla, kunye nenxalenye ephezulu yendlela yokwetyisa zisetyenziselwa ukukhangela (ukufumana) kunye nokufumanisa umhlaza wentamo ebambekayo kunye nethumba lokuqala.

• Izinto ezithile zichaphazela ukuxela kwangaphambili (ithuba lokufumana kwakhona) kunye nokhetho lonyango.

Umhlaza wesifo se-metastatic squamous cancer kunye nesiseko se-occult sisifo apho umhlaza weeseli squamous usasazeka kwii-lymph node entanyeni kwaye awaziwa ukuba umhlaza waqala phi emzimbeni.

Iiseli ze-squamous zincinci, iiseli ezithe tyaba ezifumaneka kwizicwili ezenza umphezulu wolusu kunye nomngxunya wemingxunya yomzimba efana nomlomo, izitho ezingenanto ezinje ngesibeleko kunye nemithambo yegazi, kunye nomngxunya wokuphefumla (wokuphefumla) kunye neendlela zokugaya ukutya . Amanye amalungu aneeseli ezi-squamous sisisu, imiphunga, izintso, kunye nesibeleko. Umhlaza ungaqala kwiiseli ezi-squamous naphi na apha emzimbeni kunye nokusasazeka (ukusasazeka) ngegazi okanye ngenkqubo ye-lymph ukuya kwamanye amalungu omzimba.

Xa umhlaza weselam squamous usasazeka kwii-lymph node entanyeni okanye kwindawo ejikeleze ikhola, ibizwa ngokuba ngumhlaza wesifo somhlaza wentamo. Ugqirha uya kuzama ukufumana ithumba lokuqala (umhlaza owaqala ukwenzeka emzimbeni), kuba unyango lomhlaza we-metastatic luyafana nokunyanga ithumba lokuqala. Umzekelo, xa umhlaza wemiphunga usasazeka ukuya entanyeni, iiseli zomhlaza ezisentanyeni ziiseli zomhlaza wemiphunga kwaye ziphathwa ngokufanayo nomhlaza emiphungeni. Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha abakwazi ukufumana apho umzimba umhlaza waqala khona ukukhula. Xa iimvavanyo zingenakufumana ithumba lokuqala, ibizwa ngokuba bubugqi (obufihliweyo) ithumba lokuqala. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ithumba lokuqala alifunyanwa.

Iimpawu kunye neempawu zesifo somhlaza wentamo e-metastatic squamous kunye neprayimari ephambili kubandakanya iqhuma okanye iintlungu entanyeni okanye emqaleni.

Jonga nogqirha wakho ukuba unamaqhuma okanye iintlungu entanyeni okanye emqaleni ezingaphumiyo. Ezi kunye neminye imiqondiso kunye neempawu zinokubangelwa ngumhlaza wesifo somhlaza wentamo kunye noprayimari wobugqi. Ezinye iimeko zinokubangela iimpawu kunye neempawu ezifanayo.

Uvavanyo oluvavanya izicwili zomqala, indlela yokuphefumla, kunye nenxalenye ephezulu yendlela yokwetyisa zisetyenziselwa ukukhangela (ukufumana) kunye nokufumanisa umhlaza wentamo ebambekayo kunye nethumba lokuqala.

Uvavanyo luya kubandakanya ukukhangela ithumba lokuqala kumalungu nakwizicubu zendlela yokuphefumla (icandelo le-trachea), indawo ephezulu yokugaya (kubandakanya imilebe, umlomo, ulwimi, impumlo, umqala, iintambo zezwi, kunye nenxalenye i-esophagus), kunye nenkqubo ye-genitourinary system.

Kungasetyenziswa ezi nkqubo zilandelayo:

• Uvavanyo lomzimba kunye nembali: Uvavanyo lomzimba, ngakumbi intloko nentamo, ukujonga iimpawu zempilo ngokubanzi. Oku kubandakanya ukujonga iimpawu zesifo, ezinje ngamaqhuma okanye nantoni na ebonakala ingaqhelekanga. Imbali yemikhwa yempilo yesigulana kunye nezifo zangaphambili kunye nonyango ziya kuthathwa.

• Biopsy: Ukususwa kweeseli okanye izicwili ukuze zijongwe ngemicroscope ngugqirha wezifo okanye kuvavanywe elebhu ukujonga imiqondiso yomhlaza.

Iintlobo ezintathu ze-biopsy zinokwenziwa:

• Fine-inaliti aspiration (FNA) biopsy: Ukususwa kwethishu okanye ulwelo kusetyenziswa inaliti encinci.

• I-biopsy yenaliti: Ukususwa kwezicubu kusetyenziswa inaliti ebanzi.

• I-biopsy ekhethekileyo: Ukususwa kwesigaxa sezicubu.

Ezi nkqubo zilandelayo zisetyenziselwa ukususa iisampulu zeeseli okanye izicwili:

• Tonsillectomy: Utyando ukususa zombini iitoni.

• I-Endoscopy: Inkqubo yokujonga amalungu kunye nezicubu ngaphakathi komzimba ukukhangela iindawo ezingaqhelekanga. I-endoscope ifakwa ngokusikwa (ukusika) eluswini okanye ekuvulekeni emzimbeni, njengomlomo okanye impumlo. I-endoscope sisixhobo esibhityileyo, esifana netyhubhu esinokukhanya kunye nelensi yokujonga. Inokuba nesixhobo sokususa izicubu ezingaqhelekanga okanye iisampulu ze-lymph node, ezijongwa phantsi kwemicroscope kwimpawu zesifo. Impumlo, umqala, umva wolwimi, umqala, isisu, ibhokisi yezwi, umbhobho womoya, kunye neendlela ezinkulu zomoya ziya kujongwa.

Olunye okanye nangaphezulu kwezi mvavanyo zelebhu zinokwenziwa ukufundisisa iisampulu zethishu:

• I-Immunohistochemistry: Uvavanyo lwaselebhu olusebenzisa ii-antibodies ukukhangela ii-antigen ezithile (amanqaku) kwisampulu yegazi lesigulana okanye umongo wethambo. Amachiza omzimba ahlala enxulunyaniswa ne-enzyme okanye idayi ye-fluorescent. Emva kokuba ii-antibodies zibopha kwi-antigen ethile egazini okanye kumongo wethambo, i-enzyme okanye idayi iyasebenza, kwaye i-antigen iya kuthi emva koko ibonwe phantsi kwemicroscope. Olu hlobo lovavanyo lusetyenziselwa ukufumanisa isifo somhlaza kunye nokunceda uxelele olunye uhlobo lomhlaza kolunye uhlobo lomhlaza.

• Ukukhanya kunye ne-electron microscopy: Uvavanyo apho iiseli kwisampulu yethishu zijongwa phantsi kwemicroscopes eqhelekileyo kunye nephakamileyo yokujonga utshintsho oluthile kwiiseli.

• I-Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) kunye novavanyo lomntu lwe-papillomavirus (HPV): Uvavanyo olujonga iiseli kwisampulu yethishu ye-EBV kunye ne-HPV DNA.

• I-MRI (imaging resonance imaging): Inkqubo esebenzisa umazibuthe, amaza erediyo kunye nekhompyuter ukwenza uthotho lwemifanekiso eneenkcukacha zeendawo ezingaphakathi komzimba. Le nkqubo ikwabizwa ngokuba yimifanekiso yenyukliya yokujonga umfanekiso (i-NMRI).

• Ukuskena i-CT (ukuskena i-CAT): Inkqubo eyenza uthotho lwemifanekiso eneenkcukacha zeendawo ezingaphakathi emzimbeni, ezithathwe kwii-engile ezahlukeneyo. Imifanekiso yenziwe yikhompyuter edityaniswe kumatshini we-x-ray. Idayi inokufakwa ngaphakathi emthanjeni okanye iginywe ukunceda amalungu okanye izicwili zibonise ngokucacileyo. Le nkqubo ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-computed tomography, ikhompyuter ye-tomography, okanye ikhompyuter ye-axial tomography.

Ikhompyuter ye-tomography (CT) yentloko nentamo. Isigulana silele kwitafile etyibilika kwiskena se-CT, esithatha imifanekiso ye-x-ray ngaphakathi kwentloko nentamo.

• Ukuskena i-PET (positron emission tomography scan) Inkqubo yokufumana iiseli zethumba ezinobungozi emzimbeni. Inani elincinci leswekile ene-radioactive (iswekile) itofelwe emthanjeni. Iskena se-PET sijikeleza ujikeleze umzimba kwaye senze umfanekiso wendawo esetyenziswa kuyo iswekile emzimbeni. Iiseli zethumba ezinobungozi zibonakala ziqaqambile emfanekisweni kuba ziyasebenza kwaye zithatha iswekile eninzi kuneseli eziqhelekileyo. Ukuskena umzimba uphela kwe-PET kunye nokuvavanywa kwe-CT kwenziwa ngaxeshanye ukujonga apho umhlaza waqala khona. Ukuba kukho nawuphi na umhlaza, oku kwandisa amathuba okuba kufumaneke.

Ukuxilongwa kwesifo sokuqala somlingo kwenziwa ukuba i-tumor yokuqala ayifumanekanga ngexesha lokuvavanya okanye unyango.

Izinto ezithile zichaphazela ukuxela kwangaphambili (ithuba lokufumana kwakhona) kunye nokhetho lonyango.

Ukuxela kwangaphambili (ithuba lokufumana kwakhona) kunye nokhetho lonyango luxhomekeke koku kulandelayo:

• Inani kunye nobungakanani beemfuza ezinomhlaza kuzo.

• Nokuba umhlaza uphendulile kunyango okanye ubuyile kwakhona (buyela).

• Zahluke njani kwiiseli zomhlaza ezibonakala phantsi kwemicroscope.

• Iminyaka yesigulana kunye nempilo ngokubanzi.

Ukhetho lonyango luxhomekeke koku kulandelayo:

• Leliphi icandelo lentamo umhlaza okulo.

• Nokuba kufunyenwe iimpawu zokumakisha ezithile.

Kwiprayimari

IINGONGOMA EZIPHAMBILI

• Emva kokuba kufunyaniswe isifo somhlaza wesifo sentamo e-metastatic squamous kunye ne-primary occult, kuvavanywa ukwenziwa ukufumanisa ukuba iiseli zomhlaza zisasazekile na kwamanye amalungu omzimba.

• Zintathu iindlela umhlaza onwenwa ngayo emzimbeni.

Emva kokuba kufunyaniswe isifo somhlaza wesifo sentamo e-metastatic squamous kunye ne-primary occult, kuvavanywa ukwenziwa ukufumanisa ukuba iiseli zomhlaza zisasazekile na kwamanye amalungu omzimba.

Inkqubo esetyenziselwa ukufumanisa ukuba ngaba umhlaza sele usasazekile na kwamanye amalungu omzimba kuthiwa yi-staging. Iziphumo ezivela kuvavanyo kunye neenkqubo ezisetyenziselwa ukukhangela kunye nokuchonga ithumba eliphambili zisetyenziselwa ukufumanisa ukuba umhlaza usasazekile na kwamanye amalungu omzimba.

Akukho nkqubo imiselweyo yokubeka umhlaza we-metastatic squamous neck with primary primary occult. Amathumba achazwa njenganganyangekiyo okanye aphindaphindwayo. Unyango lwe-metastatic squamous cancer olunganyangekiyo olunomlingo oyintloko ngumhlaza osandula ukufumanisa ukuba awunyangeki, ngaphandle kokunciphisa iimpawu kunye neempawu ezibangelwa ngumhlaza.

Zintathu iindlela umhlaza onwenwa ngayo emzimbeni.

Umhlaza unokusasazeka ngezicubu, inkqubo ye-lymph, kunye negazi:

• Izicubu. Umhlaza usasazeka ukusuka apho waqala ngokukhula waya kwiindawo ezikufuphi.

• Inkqubo yeLymph. Umhlaza usasazeka ukusuka apho waqala ngokungena kwinkqubo ye-lymph. Umhlaza uhamba ngemithambo ye-lymph ukuya kwamanye amalungu omzimba.

• Igazi. Umhlaza usasazeka ukusuka apho waqala ngokungena egazini. Umhlaza uhamba ngemithambo yegazi uye kwamanye amalungu omzimba.

Umhlaza wamanqatha we-Metastatic Squamous Neck kunye nePrayimari yokuSebenza

Umhlaza ophindaphindeneyo womhlaza wentamo kunye nomlingo oyintloko ngumhlaza ophindaphindiweyo (ubuyile) emva kokuba unyangiwe. Umhlaza ungabuyela entanyeni okanye kwamanye amalungu omzimba.

Unyango ngoKhetho lonyango

IINGONGOMA EZIPHAMBILI

• Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zonyango kwizigulana ezinesifo somhlaza wentamo e-metastatic squamous with primary primary occult.

• Iindidi ezimbini zonyango olusetyenziswayo:

• Ugqirha

• Unyango ngemitha

• Iindidi ezintsha zonyango ziyavavanywa kuvavanyo lweklinikhi.

• Unyango ngamayeza

• Unyango lwe-radiation olungaphendulwanga

• Unyango lwe-metastatic squamous cancer cancer with primary occult inokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

• Izigulana zinokufuna ukucinga ngokuthatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lweklinikhi.

• Izigulana zinokungena kuvavanyo lweklinikhi ngaphambi, ngexesha, okanye emva kokuqala unyango lomhlaza.

• Iimvavanyo zokulandelela zisenokufuneka.

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zonyango kwizigulana ezinesifo somhlaza wentamo e-metastatic squamous with primary primary occult.

Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zonyango ziyafumaneka kwizigulana ezinomhlaza wentamo e-metastatic squamous neck with primary occult. Olunye unyango lusemgangathweni (unyango olusetyenziswayo ngoku), kwaye olunye luvavanywa kuvavanyo lweklinikhi. Uvavanyo lweklinikhi yonyango luphononongo olwenzelwe ukunceda ukuphucula unyango lwangoku okanye ukufumana ulwazi kunyango olutsha kwizigulana ezinomhlaza. Xa uvavanyo lwezonyango lubonisa ukuba unyango olutsha lungcono kunonyango oluqhelekileyo, unyango olutsha kunokuba lunyango olusemgangathweni. Izigulana zinokufuna ukucinga ngokuthatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lweklinikhi. Olunye uvavanyo lwezonyango luvuleleke kuphela kwizigulana ezingaluqalanga unyango.

Iindidi ezimbini zonyango olusetyenziswayo:

Ugqirha

Ugqirha lunokubandakanya ukusasazeka kwentamo. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokwahlukana kwentamo, ngokusekwe kwinani lezicubu ezisusiweyo.

• Ukuqaqanjelwa kwentamo ngokuqatha: Utyando lokususa izicwili kwelinye okanye kumacala omabini entamo phakathi komhlathi kunye nekhola, kubandakanya oku kulandelayo:

• Zonke ii-lymph node.

• Umthambo wejugular.

• Imisipha kunye nemithambo-luvo esetyenziselwa ubuso, intamo, kunye nokuhamba kwegxalaba, intetho kunye nokuginya.

Isigulana sinokufuna unyango lomzimba emqaleni, entanyeni, egxalabeni, kunye / okanye kwingalo emva kokuqhaqha kwentamo. Ukusasazeka kwentamo ngokuqatha kunokusetyenziswa xa umhlaza usasazeke ngokubanzi entanyeni.

• Utshintsho lwentamo eguqulweyo: Ugqirha lokususa zonke ii-lymph node kwelinye okanye kumacala omabini entamo ngaphandle kokususa izihlunu zentamo. Iimbilini kunye / okanye umthambo wejugular ungasuswa.

• Ukwahlula-hlula kwentamo: Utyando lokususa ezinye ii-lymph node entanyeni. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba kukuqhekeka kwentamo.

Emva kokuba ugqirha ewususile wonke umhlaza onokubonakala ngexesha lotyando, ezinye izigulana zinokunikwa unyango ngemitha emva kotyando ukubulala naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza ezisele. Unyango olunikezwe emva kotyando, ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba umhlaza ubuye kwakhona, lubizwa ngokuba lunyango oluncedisayo.

Unyango ngemitha

Unyango ngemitha lunyango olusebenzisa amandla e-x-reyi okanye ezinye iintlobo zemitha yokubulala iiseli zomhlaza okanye ukuzigcina zikhula. Zimbini iintlobo zonyango lwe-radiation:

• Unyango lwangaphandle lwemitha lusebenzisa umatshini ngaphandle komzimba ukuthumela imitha kumhlaza.

Unyango lwe-radiation lwangaphandle lwentloko nentamo. Umatshini usetyenziselwa ukujolisa kwimitha ephezulu yamandla kumhlaza. Umatshini unokujikeleza ujikeleze isigulana, ahambise imitha evela kwii-engile ezahlukeneyo ukubonelela ngonyango oluhambisanayo. Imaski yemaski inceda ukugcina intloko nentamo yesigulana ekuhambeni kwonyango. Iimpawu ezincinci ze-inki zibekwa kwimaski. Amanqaku e-inki asetyenziselwa ukulinganisa umatshini we-radiation kwindawo efanayo phambi konyango ngalunye.

Iindlela ezithile zokunika unyango ngemitha kunokunceda ukugcina imitha ingonakalisi izicubu ezisempilweni ezikufutshane. Olu hlobo lonyango lwemitha lunokubandakanya oku kulandelayo:

• Unyango lwe-radiation ye-intension-modulated (IMRT): I-IMRT luhlobo lonyango lwe-3-dimensional (3-D) olusebenzisa ikhompyuter ukwenza imifanekiso yobukhulu kunye nemilo yethumba. Iintsika ezincinci zemitha yokuqina okuhlukeneyo (amandla) zijolise kwithumba kumacala amaninzi. Olu hlobo lonyango lwe-radiation alunakufane lubangele umlomo owomileyo, ingxaki yokuginya, kunye nokonakalisa ulusu.

• Unyango lwangaphakathi lwemitha lusebenzisa into enemitha ye-radio etywinwe kwiinaliti, iimbewu, iingcingo, okanye iicatheters ezibekwe ngqo okanye kufutshane nomhlaza.

Indlela unyango lwe-radiation olunikezelwa ngayo ixhomekeke kuhlobo lomhlaza ophathwayo. Unyango lwangaphandle lwemitha lusetyenziselwa ukunyanga umhlaza we-metastatic squamous neck with a primary occult.

Ukunyanga ngamayeza entanyeni kunokutshintsha indlela esebenza ngayo i-thyroid gland. Uvavanyo lwegazi lunokwenziwa ukujonga inqanaba lehomoni yegazi emzimbeni ngaphambi konyango kunye nokuhlolwa rhoqo emva konyango.

Iindidi ezintsha zonyango ziyavavanywa kuvavanyo lweklinikhi.

Eli candelo lesishwankathelo lichaza unyango olufundwayo kuvavanyo lweklinikhi. Isenokungakhankanyi lonke unyango olutsha olufundwayo. Ulwazi malunga novavanyo lweklinikhi luyafumaneka kwiwebhusayithi yeNCI.

Unyango ngamayeza

I-Chemotherapy yonyango lomhlaza olusebenzisa iziyobisi ukunqanda ukukhula kweeseli zomhlaza, nokuba zibulale iiseli okanye uziyekise ekwahlukaneni. Xa i-chemotherapy ithathwa ngomlomo okanye ifakwe kwi-vein okanye kwimisipha, amachiza angena kwigazi kwaye anokufikelela kwiiseli zomhlaza kuwo wonke umzimba (systemic chemotherapy). Xa i-chemotherapy ibekwa ngqo kwi-cerebrospinal fluid, ilungu, okanye indawo yomzimba efana nesisu, iziyobisi zichaphazela kakhulu iiseli zomhlaza kwezo ndawo (chemotherapy yengingqi).

Unyango lwe-radiation olungaphendulwanga

Unyango lwe-radiation olungaphendulwanga luhlobo lonyango lwangaphandle lwemitha apho idosi encinci kunesiqhelo yemihla ngemihla yemitha yohlulwe yaziidosi ezimbini kwaye unyango lunikwa kabini ngemini. Unyango lwe-radiation olungenaxengiweyo lunikwa ngaphezulu kwexesha elifanayo (iintsuku okanye iiveki) njengonyango oluqhelekileyo lwe-radiation.

Unyango lwe-metastatic squamous cancer cancer with primary occult inokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Ngolwazi malunga neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezibangelwa lunyango lomhlaza, jonga iphepha lethu Iziphumo ezingalunganga.

Izigulana zinokufuna ukucinga ngokuthatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lweklinikhi.

Kwezinye izigulana, ukuthatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lweklinikhi kunokuba lolona khetho lonyango lufanelekileyo. Uvavanyo lwezonyango luyinxalenye yenkqubo yophando ngomhlaza. Uvavanyo lwezonyango luyenziwa ukufumanisa ukuba unyango lomhlaza olutsha lukhuselekile kwaye luyasebenza okanye lungcono kunonyango oluqhelekileyo.

Uninzi lonyango oluqhelekileyo lwanamhlanje lomhlaza lusekwe kuvavanyo lweklinikhi lwangaphambili. Izigulana ezithatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lweklinikhi zingafumana unyango olusemgangathweni okanye zibe phakathi kwabokuqala ukufumana unyango olutsha.

Izigulana ezithatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lweklinikhi zikwanceda ukuphucula indlela umhlaza oza kunyangwa ngayo kwixa elizayo. Nokuba uvavanyo lwezonyango alukhokeleli kunyango olusebenzayo, bahlala bephendula imibuzo ebalulekileyo kwaye bancedisa ukuqhubela phambili uphando.

Izigulana zinokungena kuvavanyo lweklinikhi ngaphambi, ngexesha, okanye emva kokuqala unyango lomhlaza.

Olunye uvavanyo lwezonyango lubandakanya kuphela izigulana ezingekafumani unyango. Olunye uvavanyo lokuvavanywa kunyango kwizigulana ezinomhlaza ongakhange ubengcono. Kukwakho nezilingo zeklinikhi ezivavanya iindlela ezintsha zokumisa umhlaza ekubuyeleni (ekubuyeni) okanye ukunciphisa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango lomhlaza.

Uvavanyo lwezonyango lwenzeka kwiindawo ezininzi zelizwe. Ulwazi malunga novavanyo lweklinikhi oluxhaswe yi-NCI lunokufumaneka kwiphepha lewebhu le-NCI. Uvavanyo lwezonyango oluxhaswa yiminye imibutho lunokufumaneka kwiwebhusayithi yeClinicalTrials.gov.

Iimvavanyo zokulandelela zisenokufuneka.

Ezinye zeemvavanyo ezenziweyo ukufumanisa umhlaza okanye ukufumanisa inqanaba lomhlaza zinokuphindwa. Olunye uvavanyo luya kuphindwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba lusebenza njani unyango. Izigqibo malunga nokuqhubeka, ukutshintsha, okanye ukuyeka unyango zinokusekwa kwiziphumo zolu vavanyo.

Ezinye zeemvavanyo ziya kuqhubeka ukwenziwa amaxesha ngamaxesha emva kokuba unyango luphelile. Iziphumo zolu vavanyo zingabonisa ukuba imeko yakho itshintshile okanye ukuba umhlaza ubuyile (buyela). Olu vavanyo ngamanye amaxesha lubizwa ngokuba luvavanyo olulandelayo okanye ukuhlolwa.

Ukhetho kunyango lweMetastatic Squamous Neck Cancer ngePrayimari yokuSebenza

Kweli Candelo

• Unyango lweMetastatic Squamous Neck Cancer olunganyangekiyo

• Umhlaza wamanqatha we-Metastatic Squamous Neck kunye nePrayimari yokuSebenza

Ngolwazi malunga nonyango oludweliswe ngezantsi, jonga kwiCandelo loKhetho ngokujonga uKhetho.

Unyango lweMetastatic Squamous Neck Cancer olunganyangekiyo

Unyango lwe-metastatic squamous cancer yomhlaza onganyangekiyo kunye neprayimari ephambili inokubandakanya oku kulandelayo:

• Unyango ngemitha.

• Ugqirha.

• Unyango ngemitha lulandelwa lutyando.

• Uvavanyo lweklinikhi lwe-chemotherapy olulandelwa lonyango lwe-radiation.

• Uvavanyo lweklinikhi lwe-chemotherapy enikezwe ngaxeshanye njengonyango lwe-radiation enganyangekiyo.

• Uvavanyo lwezonyango zonyango olutsha.

Sebenzisa uvavanyo lwethu lweklinikhi ukufumana ulingo lweklinikhi oluxhaswayo lwekliniki olwamkela izigulana. Unokukhangela izilingo ngokusekwe kuhlobo lomhlaza, ubudala besigulana, kwaye nokuba zenziwa phi izilingo. Ulwazi ngokubanzi malunga novavanyo lweklinikhi luyafumaneka.

Umhlaza wamanqatha we-Metastatic Squamous Neck kunye nePrayimari yokuSebenza

Unyango lwe-metastatic squamous cancer yomhlaza wentloko kunye neprayimari yesiqhelo ihlala iphakathi kuvavanyo lweklinikhi.

Sebenzisa uvavanyo lwethu lweklinikhi ukufumana ulingo lweklinikhi oluxhaswayo lwekliniki olwamkela izigulana. Unokukhangela izilingo ngokusekwe kuhlobo lomhlaza, ubudala besigulana, kwaye nokuba zenziwa phi izilingo. Ulwazi ngokubanzi malunga novavanyo lweklinikhi luyafumaneka.

Ukuze ufunde okungakumbi malunga noMhlaza weMatastatic Squamous Neck kunye nePrayimari yezeMimoya

Ngolwazi oluthe kratya kwiZiko likaZwelonke loMhlaza malunga nomhlaza wesifo somhlaza wentamo kunye noprayimari wobugqi, jonga oku kulandelayo:

• ICarcinoma yePhepha laseKhaya laseKhaya elingaziwayo

• Ikhasi lasekhaya leNtloko kunye neCancer Neck

• Iingxaki zomlomo zeChemotherapy kunye neNtloko / iNtsholongwane yeNtsholongwane

• Umhlaza weMetastatic

Ngolwazi lomhlaza ngokubanzi kunye nezinye izixhobo ezivela kwiNational Cancer Institute, jonga oku kulandelayo:

• Malunga noMhlaza

• Ukuqokelela

• I-Chemotherapy kunye nawe: Inkxaso yabantu abanomdlavuza

• Unyango ngemitha kunye nawe: Inkxaso yabantu abanomhlaza

• Ukujamelana noMhlaza

• Imibuzo yokubuza ugqirha wakho malunga neCancer

• Abasindileyo kunye nabaNonopheli