Iindidi / umhlaza-womhlaza
Iziqulatho
Umhlaza wabantwana
Ukuxilongwa komhlaza kuyacaphukisa nakweyiphi na iminyaka, kodwa ngakumbi xa isigulana singumntwana. Kungokwemvelo ukuba nemibuzo emininzi, enjengothi, Ngubani ofanele aphathe umntwana wam? Ngaba uya kuphila umntwana wam? Ithetha ntoni yonke le nto kusapho lwethu? Ayisiyo yonke imibuzo eneempendulo, kodwa ulwazi kunye nezixhobo ezikweli phepha zibonelela ngesiqalo sokuqonda iziseko zomhlaza wabantwana.
Iindidi zomhlaza kuBantwana
E-United States e-2019, kuqikelelwa ukuba ngamatyala amatsha omhlaza ayi-11,060 aya kufunyanwa phakathi kwabantwana ukusuka ekuzalweni ukuya kwiminyaka eyi-14, kwaye malunga ne-1,190 yabantwana kulindeleke ukuba babhubhe ngenxa yesi sifo. Nangona izinga lokufa komhlaza kweli qela leminyaka liye lehla ngeepesenti ezingama-65 ukusuka ngo-1970 ukuya ku-2016, umhlaza usengoyena nobangela wokufa kwezifo phakathi kwabantwana. Ezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo zomhlaza ezifunyenwe kubantwana abaneminyaka eyi-0 ukuya kwi-14 iminyaka zii-leukemias, ingqondo kunye nolunye uhlobo lwe-nervous system (CNS) tumors, kunye ne-lymphomas.
Ukunyanga uMhlaza woMntwana
Imihlaza yabantwana ayisoloko iphathwa njengomhlaza wabantu abadala. I-oncology yabantwana yinto ekhethekileyo kwezonyango ejolise kukhathalelo lwabantwana abanomhlaza. Kubalulekile ukuba wazi ukuba obu buchwephesha bukhona kwaye kukho unyango olusebenzayo kumaninzi omhlaza womntwana.
Iindidi zonyango
Zininzi iintlobo zonyango lomhlaza. Iindidi zonyango afunyanwa ngumntwana onomhlaza ziya kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lomhlaza kunye nokuba uhambele phambili kangakanani. Unyango oluqhelekileyo lubandakanya: utyando, ichemotherapy, unyango ngemitha, i-immunotherapy, kunye nokufakelwa kweseli ye-stem. Funda ngezi kunye nezinye iindlela zonyango kwiCandelo lethu loNyango.
Ulwazi oluVandlakanyiweyo lweNgcali
Isishwankathelo solwazi lomhlaza kunyango lwe-NCI's ® luchaza isishwankathelo, isifo, kunye nokhetho kunyango lomhlaza wabantwana.
Isishwankathelo malunga neCancer Cancer Genomics ichaza utshintsho olwenzekileyo olunxulumene nomhlaza wabantwana ohlukeneyo, kunye nokubaluleka kwazo kunyango kunye nokuxela kwangaphambili.
Uvavanyo lwezonyango
Ngaphambi kokuba naluphi na unyango olutsha lunokwenziwa ukuba lufumaneke ngokubanzi kwizigulana, kufuneka lufundwe kuvavanyo lweklinikhi (izifundo zophando) kwaye lufumaneke lukhuselekile kwaye lusebenza ngokunyanga izifo. Uvavanyo lwezonyango lwabantwana nakwishumi elivisayo abanomhlaza ngokubanzi luyilelwe ukuthelekisa unyango olungcono kunye nonyango olwamkelweyo ngoku njengomgangatho. Uninzi lwenkqubela phambili eyenziweyo ekuchongeni unyango lwee-cancer zomntwana lufezekisiwe kuvavanyo lweklinikhi.
Indawo yethu inolwazi malunga nokuba uvavanyo lwezonyango lusebenza njani. Iingcali zolwazi ezisebenza kwiNkonzo yeNgcaciso yoMhlaza yeNCI zinokuphendula imibuzo malunga nenkqubo kwaye zincede zichonge ulingo oluqhubekayo lwezonyango kubantwana abanomhlaza.
Iziphumo zonyango
Abantwana bajongene nemicimbi eyahlukileyo ngexesha lonyango lwabo lomhlaza, emva kokugqitywa konyango, nanjengabasindi bomhlaza. Umzekelo, banokufumana unyango olunamandla, umhlaza kunye nonyango oluneziphumo ezahlukeneyo kwimizimba ekhulayo kunemizimba yabantu abadala, kwaye banokuphendula ngokwahlukileyo kwiziyobisi ezilawula iimpawu kubantu abadala. Ngolwazi oluthe kratya, jonga Isishwankathelo soKhathalelo lwaBantwana abaXhasa ukuKhathalela. Iziphumo zasemva kwexesha zonyango ziyaxoxwa kamva kweli phepha kwicandelo lokusinda.
Apho abantwana abanomhlaza baphathwa khona
Abantwana abanomhlaza bahlala bephathwa kwiziko lomhlaza wabantwana, esisibhedlele okanye iyunithi esibhedlele egxile ekunyangeni abantwana abanomhlaza. Uninzi lwamaziko omhlaza wabantwana anyanga abaguli ukuya kuthi ga kubudala beminyaka engama-20.
Oogqirha kunye nabanye abaqeqeshi bezempilo kula maziko baneqeqesho olukhethekileyo kunye nobuchule bokukhathalela ngokupheleleyo abantwana. Oochwephesha kwiziko lomhlaza wabantwana kunokwenzeka ukuba babandakanye ogqirha bezonyango, i-oncologists / i-hematologists yabantwana, iingcali zotyando lwabantwana, ii-oncologists zemitha, iingcali zokubuyisela imeko esiqhelweni, iingcali zabongikazi babantwana, oonontlalontle kunye noochwephesha bengqondo. Kula maziko, uvavanyo lwezonyango luyafumaneka kwiintlobo ezininzi zomhlaza ezenzeka ebantwaneni, kwaye ithuba lokuthatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lunikezelwa kwizigulana ezininzi.
Izibhedlele ezineengcali ekunyangeni abantwana abanomhlaza zihlala zingamalungu e-NCI exhaswa yi-Children's Oncology Group (COG) Exit Disclaimer. I-COG ngumbutho omkhulu emhlabeni oqhuba uphando lweklinikhi ukuphucula ukhathalelo kunye nonyango lwabantwana abanomhlaza. Inkonzo yeNgcaciso yoMhlaza ye-NCI inokunceda iintsapho zifumane izibhedlele ezihambelana neCOG.
KwiZiko leSizwe lezeMpilo kwiCliniki Centre eBethesda, eMaryland, i-NCI ye-Pediatric Oncology Branch inakekela abantwana abanomdlavuza. Iingcali zezempilo kunye noososayensi baqhuba uphando olwenziweyo olwenza isayensi esisiseko kuvavanyo lweklinikhi ukuphucula iziphumo zabantwana kunye nabantu abadala abancinci abanesifo somhlaza kunye nesifo semfuza.
Ukujamelana noMhlaza
Ukulungelelanisa isifo somhlaza somntwana kunye nokufumana iindlela zokuhlala womelele kulucelomngeni kuye wonke umntu osapho. Iphepha lethu, iNkxaso yeeNtsapho xa umntwana enomhlaza, lineengcebiso zokuthetha nabantwana ngomhlaza wabo kwaye ubalungiselele utshintsho abanokuthi balufumane. Ezibandakanyiweyo ziindlela zokunceda abazalwana noodade bahlangabezane, amanyathelo anokuthathwa ngabazali xa bafuna inkxaso, kunye neengcebiso zokusebenza neqela lokhathalelo lwempilo. Imiba eyahlukeneyo yokujongana nenkxaso kunye nenkxaso ikwaxoxiwe kupapasho lwabantwana abanomhlaza: Isikhokelo sabazali.
Ukusinda
Kubalulekile ukuba amaxhoba omhlaza wabantwana afumane ukhathalelo olulandelayo lokujonga impilo yabo emva kokugqiba unyango. Onke amaxhoba kufuneka afumane isishwankathelo sonyango kunye nesicwangciso sokunyamekela abasindileyo, njengoko kuxoxiwe kwiphepha lethu lamaXhoba oMhlaza waBantwana. Eli phepha linolwazi nakwiikliniki ezijolise ekunikezeleni ngononophelo olulandelayo kubantu abanomhlaza wobuntwana.
Abasindileyo kulo naluphi na uhlobo lomhlaza banokukhula kwiingxaki zempilo kwiinyanga okanye kwiminyaka emva konyango lomhlaza, ezaziwa njengemiphumela yexesha elide, kodwa iziphumo eziye zavela emva kwexesha zibakhathalela kakhulu abo basinde kumhlaza wabantwana kuba unyango lwabantwana lunokukhokelela kwiziphumo ezinzulu, ezihlala zihleli emzimbeni nangokweemvakalelo. Iziphumo zamva ziyahluka ngohlobo lomhlaza, ubudala bomntwana, uhlobo lonyango, kunye nezinye izinto. Ulwazi malunga neentlobo zeziphumo zamva nje kunye neendlela zokulawula ezi zinto zinokufumaneka kwiphepha lethu leKhathalelo lamaXhoba oMhlaza wabantwana. Iziphumo eziLandelayo ze zoNyango kwisishwankathelo somhlaza wobuntwana zinolwazi olunzulu.
Unonophelo lokusinda kunye nohlengahlengiso abanokujamelana nalo bobabini abazali nabantwana kuyaxoxwa kwincwadi ethi Children with Cancer: Isikhokelo Sabazali.
Oonobangela bomhlaza
Oonobangela bolomhlaza womntwana abaziwa. Phantse iipesenti ezi-5 zayo yonke imihlaza kubantwana ibangelwa kukutshintshwa okuzuze njengelifa (ukutshintsha kwemfuza okunokudluliselwa kubazali kuye kubantwana babo).
Uninzi lomhlaza ebantwaneni, njengaleyo yabantu abadala, kucingelwa ukuba ikhula njengesiphumo sokutshintsha kwemfuza ekhokelela ekukhuleni okungalawulwayo kweseli kwaye ekugqibeleni ibe ngumhlaza. Kubantu abadala, olu tshintsho lwemfuza lubonisa iziphumo zokuguga kunye nokuvezwa kwexesha elide kwizinto ezibangela umhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, ukuchonga izinto ezinokubangela umhlaza kubantwana kubenzima, ngokuyinxenye kuba umhlaza ebantwaneni unqabile kwaye ngokuyinxenye kuba kunzima ukufumanisa ukuba yintoni abantwana abanokuthi babonakaliswe kuyo kwasekuqaleni kuphuhliso lwabo. Ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nezizathu ezinokubangela umhlaza ebantwaneni luyafumaneka kwi-sheet sheet, Umhlaza waBantwana naBafikisayo.
Uphando
I-NCI ixhasa uluhlu olubanzi lophando ukuqonda ngcono oonobangela, ibhayoloji, kunye neepateni zomhlaza wabantwana kunye nokuchonga ezona ndlela zingcono zokunyanga abantwana abanomhlaza. Kwimeko yezilingo zeklinikhi, abaphandi banyanga kwaye bafunda kwizigulana ezinomhlaza. Abaphandi balandela abo basinde kumhlaza wabantwana ukuba bafunde ngempilo kunye neminye imiba abanokujamelana nayo ngenxa yonyango lomhlaza. Ukufunda ngakumbi, jonga uPhando loMhlaza kubantwana.
IiVideos zomhlaza wobuntwana Nceda wenze ukuba iJavacsript ibone lo mxholo
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Inkxaso kwiintsapho xa umntwana enomhlaza
Ukunyamekela amaXhoba oMhlaza waBantwana
Abantwana abanomhlaza: Isikhokelo sabazali
Xa uMzalwana okanye udade wakho enesifo somhlaza: isikhokelo kulutsha
Xa Unyango lungasasebenzi kumntwana wakho
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