Malunga-nomhlaza / ulawulo-lokhathalelo / iinkonzo

Ukufumana iiNkonzo zoKhathalelo lwezeMpilo

Ukuba ufumene ukuba unomdlavuza, ukufumana ugqirha kunye nendawo yokunyamekela unyango lwakho lomhlaza linyathelo elibalulekileyo lokufumana unyango olungcono.

Uya kuba nezinto ezininzi onokuthi uziqwalasele xa ukhetha ugqirha. Kubalulekile ukuba uzive ukhululekile ngengcali oyikhethayo kuba uya kusebenza ngokusondeleyo naloo mntu ukwenza izigqibo ngonyango lwakho lomhlaza.

Ukukhetha uGqirha

Xa ukhetha ugqirha ukhathalelo lwakho lomhlaza, kunokuba luncedo ukwazi amanye amagama asetyenziselwa ukuchaza uqeqesho lukagqirha kunye neempawu zakhe. Uninzi lwamagqirha aphatha abantu abanomhlaza ngoogqirha (banesidanga se-MD) okanye oogqirha be-osteopathic (banesidanga se-DO). Uqeqesho oluqhelekileyo lubandakanya iminyaka emi-4 yokufunda ekholejini okanye eyunivesithi, iminyaka emi-4 yesikolo sezonyango, kunye neminyaka emi-3 ukuya kweli-7 yemfundo yezonyango enomsila ngokuqeqeshwa kwabafundi kwiindawo zokuhlala. Oogqirha kufuneka baphumelele uviwo ukuze babe nelayisensi yokuziqhelanisa nonyango kwilizwe labo.

Iingcali ngoogqirha abenze uqeqesho lwabo lokuhlala kwindawo ethile enje ngamayeza angaphakathi. Iibhodi ezizimeleyo ezizimeleyo ziqinisekisa oogqirha emva kokuba beye bahlangabezana neemfuno eziyimfuneko, kubandakanya ukuhlangabezana nemigangatho ethile yemfundo noqeqesho, ukuba nelayisensi yokwenza amayeza, kunye nokupasa uviwo olunikezwe yibhodi yabo ekhethekileyo. Nje ukuba bazifezekise ezi mfuno, kuthiwa oogqirha "baqinisekisiwe kwibhodi."

Ezinye iingcali ezonyanga umhlaza zezi:

• Oncologist kwezonyango : ligxile ekunyangeni umhlaza

• I-Hematologist : ijolise kwizifo zegazi kunye nezicubu ezinxulumene noko, kubandakanya umongo wethambo, udakada, kunye ne-lymph node

• I-radiation oncologist : isebenzisa i-x-ray kunye nezinye iindlela zemitha yokufumanisa nokunyanga izifo

• Ugqirha : wenza utyando phantse kuyo nayiphi na indawo yomzimba kwaye angagxininisa kuhlobo oluthile lotyando

Ukufumana ugqirha ogxile kukhathalelo lomhlaza

Ukufumana ugqirha ogxile kukhathalelo lomhlaza, cela ugqirha wakho oyintloko ukuba acebise umntu. Okanye unokwazi ngengcali ngamava omhlobo welungu losapho. Kwakhona, isibhedlele sakho sendawo kufuneka sikwazi ukukunika uluhlu lweengcali ezisebenza apho.

Olunye ukhetho lokufumana ugqirha liziko elikufutshane elikhethwe yi-NCI. Iphepha lokuFumana iZiko loMhlaza libonelela ngolwazi lokunxibelelana ukunceda ababoneleli ngononophelo lwempilo kunye nezigulana ezinomhlaza ngokudluliselwa kuwo onke amaziko omhlaza abekelwe i-NCI e-United States.

Imikhombandlela ekwi-Intanethi edweliswe apha ngezantsi inokukunceda ufumane ingcali yokhathalelo lomhlaza.

• IBhodi yaseMelika yeeNgcali zezoNyango (i-ABMS), eyila kwaye isebenzise imigangatho yokuqinisekisa kunye nokuvavanya oogqirha, inoluhlu loogqirha abaye bahlangabezana neemfuno ezithile kwaye baphumelela iimviwo ezizodwa. Uyabona Ngaba iBhodi yakho yoGqirha iqinisekisiwe?

• Umbutho waseMelika woNyango (i-AMA) iDoctorFinderExit Disclaimer ibonelela ngolwazi malunga noogqirha abanelayisensi eMelika.

• I-American Society ye-Clinical Oncology (ASCO) yelungu ledathaExit Disclaimer inamagama kunye nokudibana kwama-oncologists angama-30,000 kwihlabathi liphela.

• Ikholeji yaseMelika yoGqirha (i-ACoS) idwelisa amalungu ogqirha ngokwengingqi kunye nobungcali bokufumana i-SurgeonExit Disclaimer database. Ii-ACoS zinokufikelelwa nge-1-800-621-4111.

• Umbutho waseAmerican Osteopathic Association (AOA) Fumana isiseko sedatha yeDocte Exit Disclaimer enikezela ngoluhlu olukwi-intanethi kumagqirha asebenza ngokunyanga amalungu e-AOA. I-AOA inokufikelela kwi-1-86-621-7773.

Imibutho yezonyango yangaphakathi nayo inokugcina uluhlu loogqirha kwizinto ezizodwa onokuzijonga. Amathala eencwadi oluntu nawezonyango anokuba neenkcukacha eziprintiweyo zamagama oogqirha adweliswe ngokwejografi ngokukhethekileyo.

Kuxhomekeke kwisicwangciso sakho seinshurensi yezempilo, ukhetho lwakho lunokulinganiselwa koogqirha abathatha inxaxheba kwisicwangciso sakho. Inkampani yakho yeinshurensi inokukunika uluhlu loogqirha abathatha inxaxheba kwisicwangciso sakho. Kubalulekile ukuba unxibelelane neofisi kagqirha ocingayo ukuba uqinisekile ukuba uyazamkela izigulana ezitsha ngokwesicwangciso sakho. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukwenza oku ukuba usebenzisa inkqubo ye-inshurensi yezempilo okanye yesizwe efana ne-Medicare okanye iMedicaid.

Ukuba ungazitshintsha izicwangciso zeinshurensi yezempilo, unokufuna ukuthatha isigqibo sokuba ngowuphi ugqirha ongathanda ukumsebenzisa kuqala kwaye ukhethe isicwangciso esibandakanya ugqirha wakho omkhethileyo. Unakho nokukhetha ukubona ugqirha ngaphandle kwesicwangciso sakho kwaye uhlawule ngakumbi iindleko ngokwakho.

Ukukunceda ukwenza isigqibo sakho xa ujonga ugqirha oza kukhetha, cinga malunga nokuba ngugqirha:

• Ngaba imfundo noqeqesho luyafuneka ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zakho

• Ngaba unomntu ozigubungelayo ukuba azifumaneki kwaye ngubani onokufikelela kwiirekhodi zakho zonyango

• Unabasebenzi abancedisayo

• Ukucacisa izinto ngokucacileyo, akumamele, kwaye akuphathe ngentlonipho

• Kuyakhuthaza ukuba ubuze imibuzo

• Ineeyure zomsebenzi ezihlangabezana neemfuno zakho

• Ngaba kulula ukufumana idinga

Ukuba ukhetha ugqirha, uya kufuna ukubuza:

• Ngaba ibhodi iqinisekisiwe?

• Ngaba benza kangaphi uhlobo lotyando olifunayo?

• Zingaphi kwezi nkqubo abazenzileyo?

• Baqhuba kweziphi izibhedlele?

Kubalulekile ukuba uzive wonwabile ngogqirha omkhethileyo. Uya kusebenza nalo mntu ngokusondeleyo njengoko usenza izigqibo ngonyango lwakho lomhlaza.

Ukufumana uluvo lwesibini

Emva kokuba uthethe nogqirha malunga nesifo kunye nesicwangciso sonyango somhlaza wakho, unokufuna ukufumana uluvo lomnye ugqirha ngaphambi kokuba uqale unyango. Oku kwaziwa njengokufumana uluvo lwesibini. Unokwenza oku ngokucela enye ingcali ukuba ihlole zonke izinto ezinxulumene netyala lakho. Ugqirha onika uluvo lwesibini unokuvumelana nesicwangciso sonyango esiphakanyiswe ngugqirha wakho wokuqala, okanye banokucebisa utshintsho okanye enye indlela. Nokuba yeyiphi indlela, ukufumana uluvo lwesibini kunoku:

• Ndikunike ulwazi oluthe kratya

• Phendula nayiphi na imibuzo onokuba unayo

• Ndikunike amandla olawulo ngakumbi

• Kukunceda uzive uzithemba ngakumbi, usazi ukuba uphonononge lonke ukhetho lwakho

Ukufumana uluvo lwesibini kuqheleke kakhulu. Ukanti ezinye izigulana zinexhala lokuba ugqirha wabo uyakucaphuka ukuba bafuna olunye uluvo. Ngokwesiqhelo okuchaseneyo kuyinyani. Uninzi loogqirha bayalamkela uluvo lwesibini. Kwaye iinkampani ezininzi zeinshurensi yezempilo zihlawulela uluvo lwesibini okanye zide zifune zona, ngakumbi ukuba ugqirha ucebisa ukuba utyando.

Xa uthetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokufumana uluvo lwesibini, kunokuba luncedo ukubonakalisa ukuba wanelisekile ngononophelo lwakho kodwa ufuna ukuqiniseka ukuba unolwazi kangangoko malunga nokhetho lwakho. Kungcono ukubandakanya ugqirha wakho kwinkqubo yokufumana uluvo lwesibini, kuba kuya kufuneka enze iirekhodi zakho zonyango (ezinje ngeziphumo zovavanyo kunye nee-ray) zifumaneke kugqirha enika uluvo lwesibini. Unokuba unqwenela ukuzisa ilungu losapho kunye nenkxaso xa ubuza uluvo lwesibini.

Ukuba ugqirha wakho akakwazi ukucebisa enye ingcali ngombono wesibini, uninzi lwezixhobo ezidweliswe apha ngasentla lokufumana ugqirha kunokukunceda ufumane ingcali yoluvo lwesibini. Ungatsalela umnxeba iZiko loNxibelelwano leNCI kwi-1-800-4-CANCER (1-800-422-6237) ukuze ufumane isikhokelo.

Ukukhetha isiBonelelo soNyango

Njengokukhetha ugqirha, ukhetho lwakho lwezixhobo lunokulinganiselwa kwabo bathatha inxaxheba kwisicwangciso seinshurensi yezempilo. Ukuba sele ufumene ugqirha kunyango lwakho lomhlaza, kungafuneka ukhethe indawo yonyango esekwe apho ugqirha wakho enza khona. Okanye ugqirha wakho unokukwazi ukucebisa indawo enikezela ukhathalelo olusemgangathweni ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zakho.

Eminye imibuzo onokuyibuza xa ucinga ngeziko lonyango yile:

• Ngaba inamava kunye nempumelelo ekunyangeni imeko yam?

• Ngaba ikalwe ngurhulumente, umthengi, okanye amanye amaqela ngomgangatho wayo wokhathalelo?

• Ijonga njani kwaye isebenze ukuphucula umgangatho wenkathalelo yayo?

• Ngaba ivunyiwe ngumbutho owamkelekileyo kuzwelonke, njengeKhomishini ye-ACS yoMhlaza kunye / okanye iKhomishini edibeneyo?

• Ngaba iyawachaza amalungelo noxanduva lwezigulana? Ngaba iikopi zolu lwazi ziyafumaneka kwizigulana?

• Ngaba ibonelela ngeenkonzo zenkxaso, ezinje ngoonontlalontle kunye nezixhobo, ukundinceda ndifumane uncedo lwemali ukuba ndiyaludinga?

• Ngaba ikwindawo efanelekileyo?

Ukuba ukwisicwangciso seinshurensi yezempilo, cela inkampani yakho yeinshurensi ukuba ngaba isikhungo osikhethayo samkelwe sisicwangciso sakho. Ukuba uthatha isigqibo sokuzihlawulela ngokwakho unyango kuba ukhetha ukuphuma ngaphandle kwenethiwekhi yakho okanye awunayo i-inshurensi, xoxa ngeendleko ezinokubakho nogqirha wakho kwangaphambili. Uya kufuna ukuthetha nesebe lokuhlawula. Abahlengikazi kunye noonontlalontle banakho ukukunika ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nokugubungela, ukufaneleka, kunye nemicimbi yeinshurensi.

Ezi zixhobo zilandelayo zinokukunceda ufumane isibhedlele okanye indawo yonyango yokhathalelo lwakho:

• I-NCI Fumana iZiko leCancer iphepha libonelela ngolwazi lokunxibelelana namaziko omhlaza abekwe kwi-NCI kwilizwe lonke.

• IKhomishini yaseMelika yoGqirha (ACoS) yeKhomishini yoMhlaza (CoC). Iwebhusayithi ye-ACoS ineenkcukacha ezinokuphandwa eziphumayo kwiNkqubo yokuKhathalela umhlaza abamkelekileyo. Banokufikelela kwi-1-312-202-5085 okanye nge-imeyile CoC@facs.org.

• IKhomishini edibeneyo iphuma kwi-Disclaimere ivandlakanya kwaye ivume imibutho yezempilo kunye neenkqubo eMelika. Ikwabonelela ngesikhokelo malunga nokukhetha indawo yonyango, kwaye inikezela ngeenkonzo ezikwi-Intanethi eziQinisekisiweyo zeQinisekiso le-Intanethi eziza kusetyenziswa ukujonga ukuba ingaba indawo ethile iqinisekisiwe na yiKhomishini edibeneyo kunye nokujonga iingxelo zokusebenza kwayo. Banokufikeleleka ngo-1-630-792-5000.

Ngolwazi oluthe kratya okanye ngoncedo malunga nokufumana indawo yonyango, tsalela iZiko loNxibelelwano leNCI kwi-1-800-4-CANCER (1-800-422-6237).

Ukufumana unyango eMelika ukuba awunguMmi wase-US

Abanye abantu abahlala ngaphandle kwe-United States banokunqwenela ukufumana uluvo lwesibini okanye unyango lomhlaza kweli lizwe. Izixhobo ezininzi eUnited States zibonelela ngezi nkonzo kwizigulana ezinomhlaza wamazwe aphesheya. Banokubonelela ngeenkonzo zenkxaso, ezinje ngokutolikwa kolwimi okanye ngoncedo ekuhambeni nasekufumaneni indawo yokuhlala kufutshane nendawo yonyango.

Ukuba uhlala ngaphandle kwe-United States kwaye ungathanda ukufumana unyango lomhlaza kweli lizwe, kuya kufuneka unxibelelane nezixhobo zonyango lomhlaza ngokuthe ngqo ukufumanisa ukuba bane-ofisi yezigulana zamanye amazwe. Amaziko eCancer-Cancer Centre afumana iZiko leCancer iphepha linikezela ngolwazi lokuqhagamshelana namaziko omhlaza okhethwe yi-NCI kulo lonke elaseUnited States.

Abemi bamanye amazwe abaceba ukuya e-United States kunyango lomhlaza kufuneka baqale bafumane i-visa engengabaphambukeli kunyango kwi-Embassy yase-US okanye kwi-Consulate kwilizwe labo. Abafakizicelo beVisa kufuneka babonise ukuba:

• Ufuna ukuza eUnited States unyango

• Cwangcisa ukuhlala ixesha elithile, elilinganiselweyo

• Unemali yokuhlawula iindleko eMelika

• Yiba neendawo zokuhlala kunye nentlalontle kunye noqoqosho ngaphandle kwe-United States

• Injongo yokuphindela kwilizwe labo

Ukufumana iifizi kunye namaxwebhu afunekayo kwi-visa engafuduki kunye nokufunda ngakumbi ngenkqubo yesicelo, nxibelelana noMzi woZakuzo wase-US okanye i-Consulate kwilizwe lakho. Uluhlu lweekhonkco kwiiwebhusayithi zoonozakuzaku base-US kunye nee-Consulates kwihlabathi liphela ziyafumaneka kwiwebhusayithi yeSebe laseMelika.

Olunye ulwazi malunga neenkonzo ze-visa ezingafuduki ziyafumaneka kwiphepha leVisa yeSebe laseMelika laseMelika. Ukuba uceba ukuya eUnited States, qiniseka ukuba ujonga iphepha kulo naluphi na uhlaziyo okanye utshintsho olunokwenzeka.

Ukufumana indawo yonyango ngaphandle kwe-United States

Iinkonzo zolwazi ngomhlaza ziyafumaneka kumazwe amaninzi ukubonelela ngolwazi kunye nokuphendula imibuzo malunga nomhlaza. Banokukunceda ufumane indawo yokunyanga umhlaza kufutshane nalapho uhlala khona.

Iqela leNkonzo yaMazwe ngaMazwe yoMhlaza (ICISG), uthungelwano lwehlabathi lwemibutho engaphezulu kwama-70 ehambisa ulwazi ngomhlaza, inoluhlu Phuma Isikhanyeli seenkonzo zolwazi lomhlaza kwiwebhusayithi yazo. Okanye ungathumela imeyile Phuma kwi-DisclaimerICISG ngemibuzo okanye izimvo.

I-Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) Exit Disclaimer sesinye isibonelelo sabantu abahlala ngaphandle kwe-United States abafuna ukufumana indawo yokunyanga umhlaza. I-UICC inemibutho yezizwe ngezizwe enxulumene nomhlaza ezinikele kumlo jikelele wokulwa nomhlaza. Le mibutho isebenza njengezixhobo zoluntu kwaye inokuba nolwazi oluncedo malunga nomhlaza kunye neendawo zonyango. Ukufumana isibonelelo kwilizwe lakho okanye elikufutshane, ungathumela i-UICC i-imeyilePhuma kwi-Disclaimer okanye uqhakamshelane nabo kule dilesi:

I-Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) 62 yendlela de Frontenex 1207 eGeneva Switzerland + 41 22 809 1811

Ukufumana i-Inshurensi yezeMpilo

Umthetho woKhathalelo ongenakufikeleleka utshintsha indlela esebenza ngayo i-inshurensi yezempilo e-United States, enefuthe kuthintelo, ukuhlolwa, kunye nokunyangwa komhlaza. Ngaphantsi komthetho wokhathalelo lwempilo, uninzi lwabantu baseMelika kufuneka babe neinshurensi yezempilo.

Ukuba awunayo i-inshurensi yezempilo okanye ufuna ukujonga iindlela ezintsha, indawo yentengiso ye-Intanethi ye-Intanethi ikuvumela ukuba uthelekise izicwangciso zikarhulumente wakho ngokusekwe kwixabiso, izibonelelo, umgangatho kunye nezinye iimfuno onokuthi ube nazo. Ukufunda malunga neNdawo yeNtengiso ye-Inshurensi yezeMpilo kunye neendlela ezintsha zokugubungela, nceda uye ku Healthcare.gov okanye kwaCuidadoDeSalud.gov okanye utsalele umnxeba kwinombolo engahlawulelwayo e-1-800-318-2596 (TTY: 1-855-889-4325).

Iinkonzo Zononophelo Lwasekhaya

Ngamanye amaxesha abaguli bafuna ukukhathalelwa emakhaya ukuze babe kwindawo eqhelekileyo kunye nosapho kunye nabahlobo. Iinkonzo zononophelo lwasekhaya zinokunceda abaguli ukuba bahlale ekhaya ngokusebenzisa indlela yeqela kunye noogqirha, abongikazi, oonontlalontle, abanyangi bomzimba nabanye.

Ukuba isigulana sikulungele ukufumana iinkonzo zononophelo lwasekhaya, ezo nkonzo zinokubandakanya:

• Ukulawula iimpawu kunye nokhathalelo lokongamela

• Ukuhanjiswa kwamayeza

• Ulungiso lwenyama

• Ukunyamekela ngokweemvakalelo nangokomoya

• Uncedo ngokulungiselela ukutya kunye nococeko lomntu

• Ukubonelela ngezixhobo zonyango

Kwizigulana ezininzi kunye neentsapho, ukhathalelo lwasekhaya lunokuba lunomvuzo kwaye lufuna. Inokutshintsha ubudlelwane kwaye ifune iintsapho ukuba zijongane nayo yonke imiba yokhathalelo lwezigulana. Imiba emitsha inokuvela kwakhona ukuba iintsapho kufuneka zijongane nezinto ezinje ngokuba nabanonopheli basekhaya abaza kungena ekhaya rhoqo. Ukulungiselela olu tshintsho, abaguli kunye nabakhathaleli kufuneka babuze imibuzo kwaye bafumane ulwazi oluninzi ngangokunokwenzeka kwiqela lokhathalelo lwasekhaya okanye umbutho. Ugqirha, umongikazi, okanye unontlalontle unokubonelela ngolwazi malunga neemfuno ezithile zesigulana, ukubakho kweenkonzo, kunye neearhente zononophelo lwasekhaya.

Ukufumana uNcedo lwezeMali kuKhathalelo lwaseKhaya

Uncedo ngokuhlawulela iinkonzo zokhathalelo lwasekhaya lunokufumaneka kuluntu okanye kwimithombo yabucala. I-inshurensi yabucala yezempilo inokubandakanya iinkonzo zononophelo lwasekhaya, kodwa izibonelelo ziyahluka kwisicwangciso sokucwangcisa.

Ezinye izibonelelo zikarhulumente zokunceda ukuhlawulela ukhathalelo lwasekhaya zezi:

• Amaziko e-Medicare kunye neeNkonzo zeMedicaid (i-CMS): I-arhente karhulumente ejongene nokulawulwa kweenkqubo eziphambili zononophelo lwempilo. Ezimbini zezi

• Unyango: Inkqubo yinshurensi yezempilo yabantu abadala okanye abakhubazekileyo. Ngolwazi, ndwendwela iwebhusayithi yabo okanye utsalele i-1-800-MEDICARE (1-800-633-4227).

• I-Medicaid: Inkqubo edibeneyo yomshuwalense wezempilo kunye nombuso kwabo bafuna uncedo kwiindleko zonyango. Umyinge uyahluka ngokwamazwe.

Both Medicare and Medicaid may cover home care services for patients who qualify, but some rules apply. Talk to a social worker and other members of the health care team to find out more about home care providers and agencies. For more information contact the CMS online or call 1-877-267-2323.

• Eldercare Locator: Run by the U.S. Administration on Aging, it provides information about local Area Agencies on Aging and other assistance for older people. These agencies may provide funds for home care. Eldercare Locator can be reached at 1-800-677-1116 for more information.

• ISebe leMicimbi yeVeterans (VA) amaVeterans akhubazekileyo ngenxa yenkonzo yezomkhosi banokufumana iinkonzo zononophelo lwasekhaya kwiSebe leMicimbi yezeMfazwe laseMelika (VA). Nangona kunjalo, kuphela ziinkonzo zononophelo lwasekhaya ezinikezelwa zizibhedlele ze-VA ezinokusetyenziswa. Olunye ulwazi malunga nezi zibonelelo lunokufumaneka kwiwebhusayithi yabo okanye ngokutsalela umnxeba u-1-877–222–8387 (1–877–222 – VETS).

Ukufumana ezinye izibonelelo zononophelo lwasekhaya, tsalela umnxeba iZiko loNxibelelwano leNCI ku-1-800-4-CANCER (1-800-422-6237) okanye undwendwele umhlaza.gov.