Types/skin/patient/skin-treatment-pdq

Ganda Ganda Kurapa

General Ruzivo nezve Ganda Ganda

PFUNGWA DZINOKOSHA

• Gomarara reganda chirwere umo mune maseru (gomarara) maseru anogadzira munyama dzeganda.

• Mhando dzakasiyana dzekenza dzinotanga muganda.

• Ruvara rweganda uye kujekeswa nechiedza chezuva kunogona kuwedzera njodzi yebasal cell carcinoma uye squamous cell carcinoma yeganda.

• Basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma yeganda, uye actinic keratosis inowanzo kuoneka sekuchinja paganda.

• Kuyedza kana maitiro anoongorora ganda anoshandiswa kuona (tsvaga) uye kuongorora basal cell carcinoma uye squamous cell carcinoma yeganda.

• Zvimwe zvinhu zvinokanganisa kufungidzira (mukana wekupora) uye sarudzo dzekurapa.

Gomarara reganda chirwere umo mune maseru (gomarara) maseru anogadzira munyama dzeganda.

Ganda inhengo huru yemuviri. Inodzivirira pakupisa, chiedza chezuva, kukuvara, uye hutachiona. Ganda rinobatsirawo kudzora tembiricha yemuviri uye rinochengetera mvura, mafuta, uye vhitamini D. Ganda rine zvidimbu zvakati wandei, asi zvidimbu zviviri zvikuru ndeepidermis (yepamusoro kana yekunze) uye dermis (yakadzika kana yepakati). Kenza yeganda inotangira mu epidermis, iyo inoumbwa nemhando nhatu dzemasero:

• Maseru e squamous: Matete, matete maseru anoita chikamu chepamusoro chepidermis.

• Basal masero: Akatenderera maseru pasi pemaseru anokatyamadza

• Melanocytes: Masero anogadzira melanin uye anowanikwa mune yepazasi chikamu chehosha. Melanin ndiyo pigment inopa ganda ruvara rwechisikigo. Kana ganda rakaratidzirwa kuzuva, melanocyte inoita yakawanda pigment uye inoita kuti ganda rive nerima.

Anatomy yeganda inoratidza iyo epidermis (inosanganisira squamous cell uye basal maseru akaturikidzana), dermis, subcutaneous tishu, uye zvimwe zvikamu zveganda.

Gomarara reganda rinogona kuitika chero kupi pamuviri, asi rinowanzoitika paganda iro rinowanzooneswa kune chiedza chezuva, chakadai kumeso, mutsipa nemaoko.

Mhando dzakasiyana dzekenza dzinotanga muganda.

Gomarara reganda rinogona kuumbwa mumaseru maseru kana squamous maseru. Basal cell carcinoma uye squamous cell carcinoma ndiwo akajairika marudzi ekenza yeganda. Ivo vanonzi zvakare nonmelanoma gomarara reganda. Actinic keratosis iganda mamiriro ayo dzimwe nguva anova squamous cell carcinoma.

Melanoma haina kujairika pane basal cell carcinoma kana squamous cell carcinoma. Izvo zvinowanzoitika kuti zvipinde zviri mukati matishu uye zvipararire kune zvimwe zvikamu zvemuviri.

Pfupiso iyi ndeye basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma yeganda, uye actinic keratosis. Ona inotevera pfupiso yePDPQ yeruzivo nezve melanoma uye mamwe marudzi ekenza anokanganisa ganda:

• Kurapa kweMelanoma

• Mycosis Fungoides (Kusanganisira Sézary Syndrome) Kurapa

• Kaposi Sarcoma Kurapa

• Merkel Cell Carcinoma Kurapa

• Zvisina kujairika Cancers zveVana Kurapa

• Genetics yeGanda Ganda

Ruvara rweganda uye kujekeswa nechiedza chezuva kunogona kuwedzera njodzi yebasal cell carcinoma uye squamous cell carcinoma yeganda.

Chero chipi zvacho chinowedzera mukana wako wekutora chirwere chinonzi njodzi chinhu. Kuva nenjodzi hazvireve kuti uchawana gomarara; kusava nenjodzi hazvireve kuti hauzobatwe negomarara. Taura nachiremba wako kana iwe uchifunga kuti ungave uri panjodzi.

Njodzi zvinhu zvebasal cell carcinoma uye squamous cell carcinoma yeganda zvinosanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kuburitswa muzuva rezuva kana chakagadzirwa chezuva (senge kubva pamabhedha ekuchenesa) kwenguva yakareba.

• Kuve nechitarisiko chakanaka, icho chinosanganisira zvinotevera:

• Ganda rakapfava iro rinotetereka uye rinotsva zviri nyore, haritsike, kana kusona zvakanaka.

• Bhuruu, girini, kana mamwe maziso akachena.

• Tsvuku kana bvudzi bvudzi.

Kunyangwe kuve nechitarisiko chakaringana chiri njodzi kune kenza yeganda, vanhu vemavara ese eganda vanogona kuwana gomarara reganda.

• Kuve nenhoroondo yekupiswa nezuva.

• Kuve neyako wega kana yemhuri nhoroondo yebasal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma yeganda, actinic keratosis, yemhuri dysplastic nevus syndrome, kana ma moles asina kujairika.

• Kuva nedzimwe shanduko mumageneti kana nhaka syndromes, senge basal cell nevus syndrome, iyo inosangana nekenza yeganda.

• Kuva nekuputika kweganda kwakagara kwenguva yakareba.

• Kuva nehutachiona husina simba.

• Kufumurwa kune arsenic.

• Kurapa kwekare nemwaranzi.

Kukwegura ndiyo njodzi huru kune vakawanda kanzira. Mukana wekubata cancer unowedzera paunenge uchikura.

Basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma yeganda, uye actinic keratosis inowanzo kuoneka sekuchinja paganda.

Hadzisi shanduko dzese paganda mucherechedzo webasal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma yeganda, kana actinic keratosis. Tarisa nachiremba wako kana ukaona chero shanduko paganda rako.

Zviratidzo zvebasal cell carcinoma uye squamous cell carcinoma yeganda zvinosanganisira zvinotevera:

• Ronda risingarape.

• Nzvimbo dzeganda dziri:

• Yakasimudzwa, yakatsetseka, inopenya, uye inotaridzika.

• Yakasimba uye inotaridzika sevanga, uye inogona kunge iri chena, yero, kana waxy.

• Yakasimudzwa uye yakatsvuka kana tsvuku-tsvuku.

• Scaly, kubuda ropa, kana kukakavara.

Basal cell carcinoma uye squamous cell carcinoma yeganda inoitika kazhinji munzvimbo dzeganda rakaiswa kuzuva, senge mhino, nzeve, muromo wezasi, kana kumusoro kwemaoko.

Zviratidzo zveactinic keratosis zvinosanganisira zvinotevera:

• Chakasviba, chitsvuku, pink, kana shava, chigamba chine ganda pane iro rinogona kunge rakapetana kana kusimudzwa

• Kutsemuka kana kubvaruka kwemuromo wezasi usingabatsirwe nebharisamu yemuromo kana petroleum jelly.

Actinic keratosis inoitika zvakanyanya kumeso kana kumusoro kwemaoko.

Kuyedza kana maitiro anoongorora ganda anoshandiswa kuona (tsvaga) uye kuongorora basal cell carcinoma uye squamous cell carcinoma yeganda.

Maitiro anotevera anogona kushandiswa:

• Kuongorora kwepanyama uye nhoroondo: Kuongororwa kwemuviri kutarisa zviratidzo zvehutano, kusanganisira kuongorora zviratidzo zvehosha, zvakadai semapundu kana chero chinhu chinoratidzika sechisina kujairika. Nhoroondo yemaitiro ehutano hwemurwere uye kurwara kwakapfuura uye kurapwa kuchatorwawo.

• Ganda bvunzo: Kuongorora kweganda remapundu kana mavara anotaridzika asina kujairika muvara, saizi, chimiro, kana kugadzirwa.

• Ganda biopsy: Zvese kana chikamu chekusakara-kutaridzika kukura kunotemwa kubva paganda uye kunoonekwa pasi pe microscope nachiremba wepachirwere kuti aongorore zviratidzo zvecancer. Kune mana makuru marudzi eganda biopsies:

• Shave biopsy: Reza risingabereki rinoshandiswa "kuveura" kukura kunoratidzika zvisina kujairika.

• Punch biopsy: Chishandiso chakakosha chinonzi punch kana trephine inoshandiswa kubvisa denderedzwa rezvinyama kubva mukukura kusingaite.

Punch biopsy. Chikomba chine tumhango, chinotenderera chinoshandiswa kucheka ronda paganda. Chishandiso chakashandurwa chakatenderedza wachi uye chakatarisana nemawoko kuti uteme unosvika mamirimita mana (mm) kusvika kune yakatetepa yemafuta ane mafuta pazasi pe dermis. Muenzaniso mudiki wetissue unobviswa kuti uongororwe pasi pe microscope. Ukobvu hweganda hwakasiyana pamativi akasiyana emuviri.

• Incisional biopsy: A scalpel inoshandiswa kubvisa chikamu chekukura.

• Excisional biopsy: A scalpel inoshandiswa kubvisa kukura kwese.

Zvimwe zvinhu zvinokanganisa kufungidzira (mukana wekupora) uye sarudzo dzekurapa.

Kufungidzira (mukana wekupora) we squamous cell carcinoma yeganda kunoenderana zvakanyanya pane zvinotevera:

• Chikamu checancer.

• Kunyangwe murwere ari immunosuppressed.

• Kunyangwe murwere achishandisa fodya.

• Hutano hwese hwemurwere.

Kurapa sarudzo dzebasal cell carcinoma uye squamous cell carcinoma yeganda kunoenderana nezvinotevera:

• Rudzi rwecancer.

• Chikamu checancer, che squamous cell carcinoma.

• Kukura kwebundu uye chikamu chipi chemuviri chainoita.

• Hutano hwese hwemurwere.

Matanho eKenza Kenza

PFUNGWA DZINOKOSHA

• Mushure mekunge squamous cell kenza yeganda yaonekwa, kuongororwa kunoitwa kuti uone kana gomarara maseru rapararira mukati meganda kana kune zvimwe zvikamu zvemuviri.

• Pane nzira nhatu dzinopararira negomarara mumuviri.

• Gomarara rinogona kutapukira kubva kwarakatanga kuenda kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.

• Kugadzira basal cell carcinoma uye squamous cell carcinoma yeganda kunoenderana nekenza kenza.

• Matanho anotevera anoshandiswa kune basal cell carcinoma uye squamous cell carcinoma yeganda riri mumusoro kana mutsipa asi kwete paziso reziso:

• Chikamu 0 (Carcinoma muSitu)

• Chikamu I

• Chikamu II

• Chikamu chechitatu

• Chikamu IV

• Matanho anotevera anoshandiswa kune basal cell carcinoma uye squamous cell carcinoma yeganda pane eyelid:

• Chikamu 0 (Carcinoma muSitu)

• Chikamu I

• Chikamu II

• Chikamu chechitatu

• Chikamu IV

• Kurapa kunoenderana nerudzi rwegomarara reganda kana imwe mamiriro eganda akaonekwa:

• Basal cell carcinoma

• Squamous sero carcinoma

• Actinic keratosis

Mushure mekunge squamous cell kenza yeganda yaonekwa, kuongororwa kunoitwa kuti uone kana gomarara maseru rapararira mukati meganda kana kune zvimwe zvikamu zvemuviri.

Maitiro anoshandiswa kutsvaga kana kenza yapararira mukati meganda kana kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri inonzi staging. Ruzivo rwakaunganidzwa kubva munzira yekugadzwa rinotara danho rechirwere. Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive nhanho kuitira kuronga kurapwa kwe squamous cell carcinoma yeganda.

Basal cell carcinoma yeganda haiwanzo kupararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzomuviri. Kuongorora matanho kuti uone kana basal cell carcinoma yeganda rapararira kazhinji haidiwe.

Iyi inotevera bvunzo uye maitirwo anogona kushandiswa mukutora kwe squamous cell carcinoma yeganda:

• CT scan (CAT scan): Maitiro anoita akateedzana emifananidzo yakajeka yenzvimbo dziri mukati memuviri, senge musoro, mutsipa, uye chipfuva, zvakatorwa kubva kumakona akasiyana. Mifananidzo yacho inogadzirwa nekombuta yakabatana neiyo x-ray muchina. Dhayi inogona kuiswa jekiseni kana kumedzwa kubatsira nhengo kana zvinyama kuratidza zvakajeka. Iyi nzira inonziwo computed tomography, computerized tomography, kana komputa axial tomography.

• Chest x-ray: X-ray yenhengo nemapfupa mukati mechipfuva. X-ray imhando yesimba remagetsi rinogona kupfuura nemuviri uye kupinda mufirimu, richiita mufananidzo wenzvimbo dziri mukati memuviri.

• PET scan (positron emission tomography scan): Iyo nzira yekuwana yakaipa malonda maseru mumuviri. Chishoma che radioactive glucose (shuga) inoiswa mutsinga. Iyo PET scanner inotenderera ichitenderedza muviri uye inogadzira mufananidzo wekuti glucose iri kushandiswa mumuviri chii. Malignant tumarara maseru anoratidza kupenya mumufananidzo nekuti anoshanda uye anotora glucose yakawanda kupfuura zvakajairwa maseru. Dzimwe nguva PET scan uye CT scan zvinoitwa panguva imwe chete.

• Ultrasound bvunzo: Maitiro ayo ane simba-ruzha mafungu (ultrasound) anodonhedzwa kubva mukati memukati matishu, senge lymph node, kana nhengo uye anoita maungira. Maungira anoumba mufananidzo wemuviri munyama unonzi sonogram. Mufananidzo wacho unogona kudhindwa kuti utariswe gare gare. Ongororo ye ultrasound yenzvimbo dzenzvimbo dzemudumbu dzinogona kuitirwa basal cell carcinoma uye squamous cell carcinoma yeganda.

• Kuongorora kwemaziso nemudzidzi akakwenenzverwa: Kuongororwa kweziso iro mudzidzi akawedzeredzwa (kuvhurwa zvakafara) nemishonga inodonhedza ziso kubvumidza chiremba kuti atarise kuburikidza nelenzi uye mudzidzi kune iro retina uye tsinga yemaziso. Mukati meziso, kusanganisira iro retina uye tsinga yemaziso, inoongororwa nechiedza.

• Lymph node biopsy: Kubviswa kwezvose kana chikamu chema lymph node. Nyanzvi yezvirwere anoona iyo lymph node tishu pasi pe microscope kutarisa masero ekenza Lymph node biopsy inogona kuitirwa squamous cell carcinoma yeganda.

Pane nzira nhatu dzinopararira negomarara mumuviri.

Kenza inogona kupararira kuburikidza nematinji, iyo lymph system, uye neropa:

• Tishu. Kenza inopararira kubva kwayakatanga nekukura ichipinda munzvimbo dziri pedyo.

• Lymph maitiro. Kenza inopararira kubva kwayakatanga nekupinda muiyo lymph system. Kenza inofamba nemumidziyo yema lymph ichienda kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.

• Ropa. Kenza inopararira kubva payakatanga nekupinda muropa. Kenza inofamba nemidzi yeropa ichienda kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.

Gomarara rinogona kutapukira kubva kwarakatanga kuenda kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.

Kana kenza ikapararira kune chimwe chikamu chemuviri, inonzi metastasis. Cancer maseru anotsemuka kubva kwaakatanga (iro bundu rekutanga) uye achifamba kuburikidza neye lymph system kana ropa.

• Lymph maitiro. Gomarara rinopinda mu "lymph system", rinofamba nemumidziyo ye "lymph", uye rinogadzira bundu (metastatic tumor) mune chimwe chikamu chemuviri.

• Ropa. Kenza inopinda muropa, inofamba nemutsinga dzeropa, yoita bundu (metastatic tumor) mune chimwe chikamu chemuviri.

Iyo metastatic bundu irwo rudzi rwecancer seyakanyanya bundu. Semuenzaniso, kana kenza yeganda ikapararira ichienda kumapapu, masero emukenza ari mumapapu ari masero ekenza eganda. Hosha iyi metastatic cancer cancer, kwete yemapapu cancer.

Kugadzira basal cell carcinoma uye squamous cell carcinoma yeganda kunoenderana nekenza kenza.

Kugadzira basal cell carcinoma uye squamous cell carcinoma yeziso rakasiyana nekuratidzira basal cell carcinoma uye squamous cell carcinoma inowanikwa kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzemusoro kana mutsipa. Iko hakuna staging system ye basal cell carcinoma kana squamous cell carcinoma iyo isingawanikwe pamusoro kana mutsipa.

Kuvhiya kubvisa bundu rekutanga uye zvisina kujairika lymph node kunoitwa kuitira kuti matissue sampuli anogona kuongororwa pasi pe microscope. Izvi zvinonzi pathologic staging uye zvakawanikwa zvinoshandiswa pakuratidzira sezvatsanangurwa pazasi. Kana kurongedza kuchiitwa usati wavhiyiwa kubvisa bundu, inonzi kiriniki yekuratidzira. Chikamu chekiriniki chinogona kunge chakasiyana nedanho repathologic.

Matanho anotevera anoshandiswa kune basal cell carcinoma uye squamous cell carcinoma yeganda riri mumusoro kana mutsipa asi kwete paziso reziso:

Chikamu 0 (Carcinoma muSitu)

Muchikamu chechipiri, masero asina kujairika anowanikwa mune squamous cell kana basal cell layer ye epidermis. Aya maseru asina kujairika anogona kuva cancer uye achipararira mune zvinyama zviri pedyo. Chikamu 0 chinonziwo carcinoma in situ.

Chikamu I

Muchikamu chekutanga, gomarara raumba uye bundu racho riri 2 masendimita kana madiki.

Chikamu II

Muchikamu chechipiri, bundu rakakura kupfuura masendimita maviri asi risina kukura kupfuura masendimita mana.

Chikamu chechitatu

Muchikamu chechitatu, chimwe cheanotevera chinowanikwa:

• bundu rakakura kudarika masendimita mana, kana gomarara rapararira kusvika pfupa uye bhonzo harina kukuvara zvishoma, kana gomarara rapararira kumatishu akafukidza tsinga dziri pazasi pe dermis, kana rakapararira pazasi pechitunha chepasi. Gomarara rinogona kunge rakapararira kune rimwe lymph node kune rimwe divi remuviri sezvo bundu uye node iri masendimita matatu kana madiki; kana

• bundu iri masendimita mana kana kuti madiki. Gomarara rapararira kune imwe node node parutivi rumwe chete rwemuviri sekuti bundu uye pfundo iri 3 masendimita kana madiki.

Chikamu IV

Muchikamu IV, chimwe cheanotevera chinowanikwa:

• bundu iri chero saizi uye gomarara rinogona kunge rakapararira kusvika pfupa uye bhonzo harina kukuvara zvishoma, kana kune tishu rinofukidza tsinga pazasi pe dermis, kana pazasi pezvinyama zvishoma. Kenza yakapararira kune iyo lymph node seinotevera:

• imwe lymph node kune rimwe divi remuviri seiya bundu, iyo node yakakanganiswa ndeye 3 masentimita kana diki, uye gomarara rapararira kunze kweiyo lymph node; kana

• imwe lymph node kune rimwe divi remuviri seiya bundu, iyo node yakakanganiswa yakakura kupfuura masendimita matatu asi isina kukura kupfuura masendimita matanhatu, uye gomarara harina kupararira kunze kwenzara; kana

• zvinopfuura imwe node node parutivi rumwe chemuviri sedumbu, maronda akakanganiswa ane masendimita matanhatu kana madiki, uye gomarara harina kupararira kunze kwenzwi; kana

• imwe kana kupfuura mamwe marimba emumuviri kune rumwe rutivi rwemuviri seari bundu kana pamativi ese emuviri, nodhi dzakabatwa dzakadzika masendimita matanhatu kana diki, uye gomarara harina kupararira kunze kwenzwi.

bundu iri chero saizi uye gomarara rinogona kunge rakapararira kumatishu akafukidza tsinga pazasi pe dermis kana pazasi pechunhu chepasi kana pfupa kana bone, kusanganisira pasi pehenya. Uyezve:

• gomarara rapararira kune rimwe lymph node rakakura kudarika masendimita matanhatu uye gomarara harina kupararira kunze kwerimba. kana

• gomarara rapararira kune rimwe lymph node kune rimwe divi remuviri seari bundu, iyo node yakakanganiswa yakakura kudarika masendimita matatu, uye gomarara rapararira kunze kwenzou; kana

• gomarara rapararira kune rimwe lymph node kune iro divi rakatarisana nemuviri kunge bundu, node yakakanganiswa iri chero saizi, uye gomarara rapararira kunze kwenzou; kana

• gomarara rapararira kune inopfuura imwechete lymph node pane rimwe kana mativi ese emuviri uye gomarara rapararira kunze kwema lymph node.

• bundu iri chero kukura uye gomarara rapararira kusvika mumongo kana pfupa, kusanganisira pasi pehenya, uye bhonzo rakakuvara. Kenza inogona kunge yakapararira kune iyo lymph node; kana

• gomarara rapararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri, senge mapapu.

Matanho anotevera anoshandiswa kune basal cell carcinoma uye squamous cell carcinoma yeganda pane eyelid:

Chikamu 0 (Carcinoma muSitu)

Muchikamu che0, masero asina kujairika anowanikwa muepidermis, kazhinji mubasal cell cell. Aya maseru asina kujairika anogona kuva cancer uye achipararira mune zvinyama zviri pedyo. Chikamu 0 chinonziwo carcinoma in situ.

Chikamu I

Muchikamu chekutanga, kenza yakaumbwa. Chikamu I chakakamurwa muzvikamu IA uye IB.

• Stage IA: Bundu iri mamirimita gumi kana diki uye rinogona kunge rakapararira kumucheto kweiyo eyelid uko iko maronda, kune iyo inobatana matishu mune eyelid, kana kuzere kuzara kweiyo eyelid.

• Nhanho IB: Bundu rakakura kupfuura mamirimita gumi asi risingakure kupfuura mamirimita makumi maviri uye bundu harina kutambanuka kusvika kumucheto weziso pane maronda, kana kune rinobatana munyama yeziso.

Chikamu II

Chikamu chechipiri chakakamurwa muzvikamu IIA uye IIB.

• Muchikamu IIA, chimwe cheanotevera chinowanikwa:

• bundu iri rakakura kudarika mamirimita gumi asi harisi rakakura kupfuura mamilimita makumi maviri uye rakapararira kumucheto kwejenya pane maronda, kusvika kune rinobatanidza nyama munyama yeziso, kana kusvika pakukora kuzere kwejoko; kana

• bundu iri rakakura kudarika mamirimita makumi maviri asi harikure kupfuura mamilimita makumi matatu uye rinogona kunge rakapararira kumucheto kweziso rejecha pane maronda, kusvika kune rinobatana munyama yeziso, kana kusvika pakukora kuzere kwejoko.

• Muchikamu IIB, bundu ringave chero saizi uye rakapararira kuziso, zvigadziko ziso, zvitadzo, kubvarura marata, kana huropi, kana kumatishu anotsigira ziso.

Chikamu chechitatu

Chikamu chechitatu chakakamurwa muzvikamu IIIA uye IIIB.

• Stage IIIA: Bundu ringave chero saizi uye inogona kunge yakapararira kumucheto kweiyo eyelid uko maronda ari, kune inobatana matishu mune eyelid, kana kuzere kuzara kweiyo eyelid, kana kune iro ziso, ziso recheke, zvitadzo , kubvarura ducts, kana huropi, kana kumatishu anotsigira ziso. Gomarara rapararira kune imwe node node parutivi rumwe chete rwemuviri sekuti bundu uye pfundo iri 3 masendimita kana madiki.

• Chikamu IIIB: Iyo bundu inogona kunge iri chero saizi uye inogona kunge yakapararira kumucheto kweiyo eyelid iko iko maronda, kune inobatana matishu mune eyelid, kana kuzere kuzara kweiyo eyelid, kana kune iro ziso, ziso recheke, zvitadzo , kubvarura ducts, kana huropi, kana kumatishu anotsigira ziso. Kenza yakapararira kuma lymph node seinotevera:

• imwe lymph node kune rimwe divi remuviri seicho bundu uye pfundo rakakura kupfuura masendimita matatu; kana

• inopfuura imwechete lymph node kune rakatarisana nemuviri seari bundu kana pamativi ese emuviri.

Chikamu IV

Muchikamu IV, bundu rakapararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzomuviri, senge mapapu kana chiropa.

Kurapa kunoenderana nerudzi rwegomarara reganda kana imwe mamiriro eganda akaonekwa:

Basal cell carcinoma

Basal cell carcinoma. Chironda chegomarara reganda rinotaridzika kutsvukuruka bhuru uye chakasimudzwa zvishoma (kuruboshwe pani) uye gomarara reganda reganda rinoita serironda rakavhurika neparera rerimu (kurudyi kwepaneru).

Basal cell carcinoma ndiyo yakajairika mhando yegomarara reganda. Inowanzoitika munzvimbo dzeganda dzave muzuva, kazhinji mhino. Kazhinji kenza iyi inoonekwa kunge bundu rakasimudzwa rinotaridzika kunge rakatsetseka uye peya. Rudzi rwusina kujairika runoratidzika kunge vanga kana rakapetana uye rakasimba uye rinogona kunge riine ruvara rweganda, yero, kana waxy. Basal cell carcinoma inogona kupararira kumatishu akakomberedza kenza, asi kazhinji haina kupararira kune zvimwe zvikamu zvemuviri.

Squamous sero carcinoma

Squamous sero carcinoma. Chironda chegomarara reganda kumeso chinoratidzika kunge chakasimudzwa uye chakakora (kuruboshwe pani) uye gomarara reganda reganda pagumbo rinotaridzika kupinki uye rakasimudzwa (kurudyi pani).

Squamous cell carcinoma inoitika munzvimbo dzeganda dzakakuvara nezuva, senge nzeve, muromo wezasi uye kumashure kwemaoko. Squamous cell carcinoma inogona zvakare kuoneka munzvimbo dzeganda dzakatsva nezuva kana kuratidzwa kumakemikari kana radiation. Kazhinji kenza iyi inoita kunge bundu tsvuku rakasimba. Bundu rinogona kunzwa kupwanyika, kubuda ropa, kana kuita gumbu. Squamous cell tumors inogona kupararira kune lymph node dziri pedyo. Squamous cell carcinoma iyo isina kupararira inogona kurapwa.

Actinic keratosis

Actinic keratosis chirwere cheganda chisiri kenza, asi dzimwe nguva chinoshanduka kuita squamous cell carcinoma. Rimwe kana akawanda maronda anogona kuitika munzvimbo dzakaburitswa kuzuva, senge kumeso, kumashure kwemaoko, uye muromo wezasi. Inotaridzika kunge yakasviba, tsvuku, pingi, kana shava makanda makanda paganda anogona kunge akapfava kana kukwidziridzwa, kana semuromo unotsemuka uye uchichekerera wezasi uyo usingabatsirwe nemuromo webharamu kana petroleum jelly. Actinic keratosis inogona kunyangarika pasina kurapwa.

Kurapa Sarudzo Kuongorora

PFUNGWA DZINOKOSHA

• Kune marudzi akasiyana ekurapa kwevarwere vane basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma yeganda, uye actinic keratosis.

• Mhando misere yekurapa kwakajairika inoshandiswa:

• Kuvhiya

• Radiation kurapa

• Chemotherapy

• Photodynamic kurapa

• Immunotherapy

• Targeted kurapwa

• Chemical peel

• Imwe mishonga yekurapa

• Mhando nyowani dzekurapa dziri kuyedzwa mumakiriniki ekuedzwa.

• Kurapa kenza yeganda kunogona kukonzera mhedzisiro.

• Varwere vangangoda kufunga nezve kutora chikamu mukutora kiriniki.

• Varwere vanogona kupinda mumakiriniki miedzo vasati, panguva, kana mushure mekutanga kwavo kenza kurapwa.

• Yekutevera-bvunzo inogona kudikanwa.

Kune marudzi akasiyana ekurapa kwevarwere vane basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma yeganda, uye actinic keratosis.

Mhando dzakasiyana dzekurapa dziripo kune varwere vane basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma yeganda, uye actinic keratosis. Mamwe marapirwo akajairwa (iko kurapwa kwazvino kwashandiswa), uye kumwe kuedzwa mumakiriniki ekuedzwa A kurapwa kiriniki kuyedzwa chidzidzo chekutsvaga chakaitirwa kubatsira kuvandudza marapirwo azvino kana kuwana ruzivo marapirwo matsva evarwere vane gomarara. Kana kiriniki miedzo ikaratidza kuti kurapwa kutsva kuri nani pane kwese kurapwa, kurapwa kutsva kunogona kuve kwakajairwa kurapwa. Varwere vangangoda kufunga nezve kutora chikamu mukutora kiriniki. Mimwe miedzo yekiriniki yakavhurwa chete kune varwere vasina kutanga kurapwa.

Mhando misere yekurapa kwakajairika inoshandiswa:

Kuvhiya

Imwe kana kupfuura eanotevera ekuvhiya anogona kushandiswa kurapa basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma yeganda, kana actinic keratosis:

• Kucheka kuri nyore: Bundu, pamwe chete nezvimwe zvakajairika zvinyama zvakakomberedza, rakatemwa kubva paganda.

• Mohs micrographic kuvhiyiwa: Bundu rinochekwa kubva paganda mumatete matete. Munguva yekuita, iyo micheto yeiyo bundu uye yega yega bundu rebundu rakabviswa rinotariswa kuburikidza ne microscope kutarisa masero ekenza. Matanda anoramba achibviswa kudzamara pasisina masero ekenza anoonekwa.

Rudzi rwekuvhiya runobvisa zvidiki zvidiki zvakajairika sezvinobvira. Inowanzo shandiswa kubvisa cancer yeganda kumeso, zvigunwe, kana sikarudzi uye gomarara reganda risina muganho wakajeka.

Mohs kuvhiyiwa. Nzira yekuvhiya kubvisa kenza yeganda mumatanho akati wandei. Kutanga, hutete hutete hwecancer cancer hunobviswa. Tevere, wechipiri mutete mutete wenyama unobviswa uye unoonekwa pasi pe microscope kutarisa masero ekenza. Mamwe marara anobviswa imwe panguva kusvikira munyama unoonekwa pasi pe microscope uchiratidza kuti hapana gomarara rasara. Rudzi urwu rwekuvhiya runoshandiswa kubvisa zvidiki zvidiki zvakajairika sezvinobvira uye inowanzo shandiswa kubvisa gomarara reganda kumeso.

• Shave excision: Iyo isina kujairika nzvimbo yakaveurwa kubva pamusoro peganda nebanga diki.

• Mushonga uye electrodeiccation: Bundu rinochekwa kubva paganda nemushonga (chakapinza, chishandiso chakaita sepuni). Electrode yakaita serosi inozoshandiswa kurapa nzvimbo iine magetsi emagetsi anomisa kubuda kweropa nekuparadza maseru egomarara anosara akatenderera kumucheto kweronda. Maitiro acho anogona kudzokororwa kamwe kusvika katatu panguva yekuvhiyiwa kubvisa kenza yese. Mhando iyi yekurapa inonziwo electrosurgery.

• Cryosurgery: Mushonga unoshandisa chishandiso kupisa uye kuparadza zvisizvo zvisina kujairika, senge carcinoma in situ. Mhando iyi yekurapa inonziwo cryotherapy.

Kuchema. Chishandiso chine kamwene chinoshandiswa kupuruzira mvura senitrogen kana emvura kabhoni dhayokisaidhi kuita chando nekuparadza zvishuwo zvisina kujairika.

• Kuvhiyiwa kweLaser: Maitiro ekuvhiya anoshandisa laser beam (danda rakamanikana rechiedza chakasimba) sebanga rekucheka zvisina ropa muzvinyama kana kubvisa maronda epamhepo akaita semota.

• Dermabrasion: Kubviswa kwepamusoro peganda uchishandisa vhiri rinotenderera kana zvidimbu zvidiki kukwiza maseru eganda.

Kucheka kuri nyore, Mohs micrographic kuvhiyiwa, curettage uye electrodeiccation, uye cryosurgery zvinoshandiswa kurapa basal cell carcinoma uye squamous cell carcinoma yeganda. Kuvhiyiwa kweLaser hakuwanzoshandiswa kurapa basal cell carcinoma. Kucheka kuri nyore, kuveura ndebvu, kurapa uye kuchenesa, dermabrasion, uye oparesheni ye laser zvinoshandiswa kurapa actinic keratosis.

Radiation kurapa

Radiation kurapa kurapwa kenza iyo inoshandisa yakakwira-simba x-rays kana mamwe marudzi e radiation kuuraya cancer maseru kana kuachengeta iwo kuti asakure. Kune mhando mbiri dze radiation radiation:

• External radiation therapy inoshandisa muchina uri kunze kwemuviri kutumira radiation kune kenza.

• Yemukati radiation kurapwa kunoshandisa radioactive chinhu chakavharirwa mune tsono, mhodzi, waya, kana makateti anoiswa akananga mukati kana padyo nekenza.

Iyo nzira iyo radiation radiation inopihwa zvinoenderana nerudzi rwegomarara riri kurapwa. External radiation therapy inoshandiswa kurapa basal cell carcinoma uye squamous cell carcinoma yeganda.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy mushonga wekenza unoshandisa mishonga kumisa kukura kwemasero ekenza, kungave nekuuraya maseru kana nekuamisa iwo kubva pakupatsanuka. Kana chemotherapy ikatorwa nemuromo kana kujowa mutsinga kana mhasuru, mishonga inopinda muropa uye inogona kusvika masero emukenza mumuviri wese (systemic chemotherapy). Kana chemotherapy ikaiswa yakanangana necerebrospinal fluid, nhengo, kana dumbu remuviri senge dumbu, iwo madhiragi anonyanya kukanganisa cancer maseru munzvimbo idzodzo (remunharaunda chemotherapy).

Chemotherapy yebasal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma yeganda, uye actinic keratosis inowanzo kuve yemusoro (inoshandiswa kuganda mukirimu kana mafuta). Nzira iyo chemotherapy inopihwa inoenderana nemamiriro ari kurapwa. Nyaya yepamusoro fluorouracil (5-FU) inoshandiswa kurapa basal cell carcinoma.

Ona Zvinodhaka Zvinotenderwa kuBasal Cell Carcinoma kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo.

Photodynamic kurapa

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) kurapwa kwekenza inoshandisa mushonga uye nerumwe rudzi rwechiedza kuuraya cancer maseru. Mushonga usinga shande kusvikira waburitswa muchiedza unopinzwa mutsinga kana kuiswa paganda. Iyo mishonga inounganidza yakawanda mumasero ekenza kupfuura mumasero akajairwa. Kune kenza yeganda, laser mwenje inopenyerwa paganda uye mushonga unoshanda uye unouraya cancer maseru. Photodynamic kurapwa kunokonzera kukuvara kudiki kune hutano hutano.

Photodynamic therapy inoshandiswawo kurapa actinic keratoses.

Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy kurapwa kunoshandisa immune system yemurwere kurwisa gomarara. Zvinhu zvinogadzirwa nemuviri kana kugadzirwa murabhoritari zvinoshandiswa kusimudzira, kunongedza, kana kudzorera kudzivirira kwemuviri kurwisa kenza. Rudzi rwekurapa kenza urwu rwunonziwo biotherapy kana biologic therapy.

Interferon uye imiquimod mishonga yemununotherapy inoshandiswa kurapa kenza yeganda. Interferon (nejekiseni) inogona kushandiswa kurapa squamous cell carcinoma yeganda. Nyaya dzepamusoro imiquimod therapy (kirimu inoshandiswa paganda) inogona kushandiswa kurapa mamwe mabasal cell carcinomas.

Ona Zvinodhaka Zvinotenderwa kuBasal Cell Carcinoma kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo.

Targeted kurapwa

Targeted therapy mhando yekurapa inoshandisa zvinodhaka kana zvimwe zvinhu kurwisa cancer maseru. Marapirwo akanangwa anowanzo kukonzera kukuvara kushoma kune masero akajairwa kupfuura chemotherapy kana radiation radiation inoita.

Targeted therapy ine chiratidzo transduction inhibitor inoshandiswa kurapa basal cell carcinoma. Signal transduction inhibitors inovhara masign anowedzerwa kubva kune imwe mamorekuru kuenda kune imwe mukati mechitokisi. Kuvhara zviratidzo izvi kunogona kuuraya maseru ekenza. Vismodegib uye sonidegib chiratidzo chekushandura inhibitors inoshandiswa kurapa basal cell carcinoma.

Ona Zvinodhaka Zvinotenderwa kuBasal Cell Carcinoma kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo.

Chemical peel

Kemikari peel inzira inoshandiswa kugadzirisa nzira iyo mamwe mamiriro eganda anotaridzika. Mushonga wemakemikari unoiswa paganda kuti unyungure matenga epamusoro emaseru eganda. Chemical peels inogona kushandiswa kurapa actinic keratosis. Mhando iyi yekurapa inonziwo chemabrasion uye chemexfoliation.

Imwe mishonga yekurapa

Retinoids (zvinodhaka zvine chekuita nevhitamini A) dzimwe nguva zvinoshandiswa kurapa squamous cell carcinoma yeganda. Diclofenac uye ingenol mishonga yemusoro inoshandiswa kurapa actinic keratosis.

Mhando nyowani dzekurapa dziri kuyedzwa mumakiriniki ekuedzwa.

Ruzivo nezve kiriniki miedzo inowanikwa kubva kuNCI webhusaiti.

Kurapa kenza yeganda kunogona kukonzera mhedzisiro.

Kuti uwane ruzivo nezve mhedzisiro inokonzerwa nekurapwa kwegomarara, ona yedu Side Mhedzisiro peji.

Varwere vangangoda kufunga nezve kutora chikamu mukutora kiriniki.

Kune vamwe varwere, kutora chikamu mumuedzo wekiriniki inogona kunge iri sarudzo yekurapa yakanyanya kunaka. Kliniki miedzo chikamu chekenza tsvagiridzo. Zvemakiriniki miedzo inoitwa kuti uone kana marapirwo matsva egomarara akachengeteka uye achishanda kana zvirinani pane akajairwa kurapwa.

Mazhinji emazuva ano marapirwo akajairwa ekenza akavakirwa pamavambo emakiriniki ekuedzwa. Varwere vanotora chikamu mukuyedzwa kwekiriniki vanogona kuwana kurapwa kwakaringana kana kuve pakati pevekutanga kurapwa kutsva.

Varwere vanotora chikamu mumiedzo yekiriniki zvakare vanobatsira kugadzirisa marapirwo achaitwa kenza mune ramangwana. Kunyangwe kana miedzo yemakiriniki isinga tangire kumarapirwo matsva anoshanda, anowanzo pindura mibvunzo yakakosha uye anobatsira kufambisira mberi kutsvagurudza.

Varwere vanogona kupinda mumakiriniki miedzo vasati, panguva, kana mushure mekutanga kwavo kenza kurapwa.

Mimwe miedzo yekiriniki inosanganisira chete varwere vasati vagamuchira kurapwa. Mimwe miedzo yekuedza kurapwa kwevarwere vane kenza haina kuve nani. Kune mamwezve emakiriniki miedzo inoedza nzira nyowani dzekumisa cancer kubva kudzokororazve (kudzoka) kana kudzikisira mhedzisiro yemakenza kurapwa.

Kuedzwa kwemakiriniki kuri kuitika munzvimbo zhinji dzenyika. Ruzivo nezve kiriniki miedzo inotsigirwa neNCI inogona kuwanikwa paNCI yekiriniki miedzo yekutsvaga peji rewebhu. Kliniki miedzo inotsigirwa nemamwe masangano inogona kuwanikwa pane yeClinicalTrials.gov webhusaiti.

Yekutevera-bvunzo inogona kudikanwa.

Mimwe miedzo yakaitwa kuongorora gomarara kana kutsvaga danho rekenza inogona kudzokororwa. Dzimwe bvunzo dzinodzokororwa kuitira kuti vaone kuti kurapa kuri kushanda sei. Sarudzo nezvekuti uenderere mberi, shandura, kana kumisa kurapwa kunogona kunge kuchibva pamhedzisiro yeiyi bvunzo.

Mimwe bvunzo ichaenderera ichiitwa nguva nenguva mushure mekunge kurapwa kwapera. Mhedzisiro yeiyi bvunzo inogona kuratidza kana mamiriro ako achinja kana kana gomarara radzoka (dzoka). Iyi bvunzo dzimwe nguva inonzi yekuteedzera-bvunzo kana kuongorora-kumusoro.

Kana basal cell carcinoma uye squamous cell carcinoma ichidzoka (inodzoka), inowanzo mukati memakore mashanu ekutanga kurapwa. Taura nachiremba wako nezvekuti kangani kaunofanirwa kuongorora ganda rako kuti hauna zviratidzo zvecancer.

Kurapa Sarudzo dzeBasal Cell Carcinoma

Kuti uwane ruzivo nezve marapirwo akanyorwa pazasi, ona iyo Chikamu Sarudzo Yekutarisa Chikamu.

Kurapa kwebasal cell carcinoma iyo inowanikwa munharaunda inogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kucheka kuri nyore.

• Mohs micrographic kuvhiyiwa.

• Radiation kurapa.

• Mushonga uye electrodeiccation.

• Kuchema.

• Photodynamic kurapa.

• Musoro chemotherapy.

• Nyaya yepamusoro immunotherapy (imiquimod).

• Laser kuvhiya (kashoma kushandiswa).

Kurapa kwebasal cell carcinoma iyo ine metastatic kana isingakwanise kurapwa nemushonga wemuno unogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Targeted Therapy ine chiratidzo transduction inhibitor (vismodegib kana sonidegib).

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwekurapwa kutsva.

Kurapa kweanowanzoitika basal cell carcinoma iyo isiri metastatic inogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kucheka kuri nyore.

• Mohs micrographic kuvhiyiwa.

Shandisa yedu kiriniki yekuyedza kutsvaga kutsvaga NCI-yakatsigirwa kenza kiriniki miedzo iri kugamuchira varwere. Unogona kutsvaga miedzo zvichibva parudzi rwecancer, zera remurwere, uye iko kunoitwa miyedzo. Ruzhinji ruzivo nezve zvekuedzwa zvekiriniki zvakare zviripo.

Kurapa Sarudzo dzeScamous Cell Carcinoma yeGanda

Kurapa kwe squamous cell carcinoma iyo inowanikwa munzvimbo inogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kucheka kuri nyore.

• Mohs micrographic kuvhiyiwa.

• Radiation kurapa.

• Mushonga uye electrodeiccation.

• Kuchema.

• Photodynamic therapy, ye squamous cell carcinoma in situ (danho 0).

Kurapa kwe squamous cell carcinoma iyo metastatic kana isingakwanise kurapwa nemushonga wemuno unogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Chemotherapy.

• Retinoid kurapa uye immunotherapy (interferon).

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwekurapwa kutsva.

Kurapa kweanowanzoitika squamous cell carcinoma iyo isiri metastatic inogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kucheka kuri nyore.

• Mohs micrographic kuvhiyiwa.

• Radiation kurapa.

Shandisa yedu kiriniki yekuyedza kutsvaga kutsvaga NCI-yakatsigirwa kenza kiriniki miedzo iri kugamuchira varwere. Unogona kutsvaga miedzo zvichibva parudzi rwecancer, zera remurwere, uye iko kunoitwa miyedzo. Ruzhinji ruzivo nezve zvekuedzwa zvekiriniki zvakare zviripo.

Kurapa Sarudzo dzeActinic Keratosis

Kuti uwane ruzivo nezve marapirwo akanyorwa pazasi, ona iyo Chikamu Sarudzo Yekutarisa Chikamu.

Actinic keratosis haisi kenza asi inorapwa nekuti inogona kukura kuita gomarara. Kurapa kweactinic keratosis kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Musoro chemotherapy.

• Nyaya yepamusoro immunotherapy (imiquimod).

• Imwe mishonga yekurapa (diclofenac kana ingenol).

• Chemical peel.

• Kucheka kuri nyore.

• Shave excision.

• Mushonga uye electrodeiccation.

• Dermabrasion.

• Photodynamic kurapa.

• Laser kuvhiya.

Shandisa yedu kiriniki yekuyedza kutsvaga kutsvaga NCI-yakatsigirwa kenza kiriniki miedzo iri kugamuchira varwere. Unogona kutsvaga miedzo zvichibva parudzi rwecancer, zera remurwere, uye iko kunoitwa miyedzo. Ruzhinji ruzivo nezve zvekuedzwa zvekiriniki zvakare zviripo.

Kuti Udzidze Zvakawanda Nezve Kanzera Ganda

Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo kubva kuNational Cancer Institute nezve kenza yeganda, ona zvinotevera:

• Ganda Ganda (Kusanganisira Melanoma) Peji Peji

• Kudzivirira Kanzera Ganda

• Ganda Ganda Kuongorora

• Zvisina kujairika Cancers zveVana Kurapa

• Cryosurgery muCancer Kurapa

• Lasers muCancer Kurapa

• Zvinodhaka Zvinotenderwa kuBasal Cell Carcinoma

• Photodynamic Therapy yeCancer

Kuti uwane ruzivo rwekenza uye zvimwe zviwanikwa kubva kuNational Cancer Institute, ona zvinotevera:

• Nezve Kenza

• Stage

• Chemotherapy uye Iwe: Tsigiro Yevanhu Vane Kenza

• Radiation Therapy uye Iwe: Rutsigiro rweVanhu Vane Kenza

• Kurarama neCancer

• Mibvunzo Yekubvunza Wako Chiremba nezveCancer

• Kune Vakapona uye Vanotarisira