Mhando / neuroblastoma / murwere / neuroblastoma-kurapwa-pdq

Neuroblastoma Kurapa (®) -Patient Shanduro

General Ruzivo Nezve Neuroblastoma

PFUNGWA DZINOKOSHA

• Neuroblastoma chirwere umo maronda (gomarara) maseru anoumba mueuroblast (isina kusimba tsinga) mumatenhe adrenal, mutsipa, chifuva, kana musana.

• Neuroblastoma dzimwe nguva inokonzerwa nekuchinja kwemajini (shanduko) inopfuudzwa kubva kumubereki kuenda kumwana.

• Zviratidzo uye zviratidzo zveeuroblastoma zvinosanganisira bundu mudumbu, mutsipa, kana chifuva kana kurwadziwa kwepfupa.

• Kuyedza kunoongorora akawanda akasiyana matishu emuviri uye mvura inoshandiswa kuongorora neuroblastoma.

• Biopsy inoitwa kuongorora neuroblastoma.

• Zvimwe zvinhu zvinokanganisa kufungidzira (mukana wekupora) uye sarudzo dzekurapa.

Neuroblastoma chirwere umo maronda (gomarara) maseru anoumba mueuroblast (isina kusimba tsinga) mumatenhe adrenal, mutsipa, chifuva, kana musana.

Neuroblastoma kazhinji inotanga mutsinga dzetsinga dzedrenal glands. Kune maviri adrenal gland, imwe pamusoro petsvo yega yega kumashure kwedumbu repamusoro. Iwo adrenal glands anoita akakosha mahormoni ayo anobatsira kudzora kurova kwemoyo, kuwedzerwa kweropa, shuga yeropa, uye nemabatiro anoita muviri kunetseka. Neuroblastoma inogona zvakare kutanga mutsinga dzemutsipa mumutsipa, chifuva, dumbu, kana pelvis.

Neuroblastoma inogona kuwanikwa mune adrenal gland uye paraspinal nerve tishu kubva pamutsipa kusvika kumusana.

Neuroblastoma kazhinji inotanga muhucheche. Inowanzo kuongororwa pakati pemwedzi wekutanga wehupenyu uye makore mashanu emakore. Inowanikwa apo bundu rinotanga kukura uye rinokonzera zviratidzo kana zviratidzo. Dzimwe nguva inogadzira asati azvarwa uye inowanikwa panguva yeultrasound yemwana.

Nenguva iyo kenza ichionekwa, inowanzo kuve metastasized (kupararira). Neuroblastoma inopararira kazhinji kune iyo lymph node, mapfupa, mwongo wemapfupa, chiropa, uye ganda mucheche nevana. Vechidiki vanogona zvakare kunge vane metastasis kumapapu uye huropi.

Neuroblastoma dzimwe nguva inokonzerwa nekuchinja kwemajini (shanduko) inopfuudzwa kubva kumubereki kuenda kumwana.

Gene shanduko dzinowedzera njodzi yeuroblastoma dzimwe nguva dzinogarwa nhaka (dzakapfuudzwa kubva kumubereki kuenda kumwana). Muvana vane gene mutation, neuroblastoma inowanzoitika pazera diki uye inopfuura rimwe bundu inogona kuumbika mumatenhe adrenal kana mutsinga dzetsinga mumutsipa, pachipfuva, padumbu, kana muchiuno.

Vana vane mamwe magene ekuchinja kana nhaka (nhaka) syndromes vanofanirwa kuongororwa zviratidzo zveeuroblastoma kusvikira vasvika makore gumi. Iyi bvunzo inotevera inogona kushandiswa:

• Abdominal ultrasound: Muedzo umo masimba emagetsi ane simba (ultrasound) anodonhedzwa kubva padumbu uye anoita maungira. Maungira anoumba mufananidzo wedumbu unonzi sonogram. Mufananidzo wacho unogona kudhindwa kuti utariswe gare gare.

• Urine catecholamine zvidzidzo: Chiyero umo urini sampuro inotariswa kuyera huwandu hwezvimwe zvinhu, vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) uye homovanillic acid (HVA), izvo zvinogadzirwa apo catecholamines inodonha uye inosunungurwa mumurini. Iyo yakakwira kupfuura yakajairwa huwandu hweVMA kana HVA inogona kuve chiratidzo cheeuroblastoma.

• Chest x-ray: X-ray yenhengo nemapfupa mukati mechipfuva. X-ray imhando yesimba remagetsi rinogona kupfuura nemuviri uye kupinda mufirimu, richiita mufananidzo wenzvimbo dziri mukati memuviri.

Taura nachiremba wemwana wako nezve kangani miedzo iyi inoda kuitwa.

Zviratidzo uye zviratidzo zveeuroblastoma zvinosanganisira bundu mudumbu, mutsipa, kana chifuva kana kurwadziwa kwepfupa.

Zviratidzo zvakajairika nezviratidzo zveeuroblastoma zvinokonzerwa nebundu rinomanikidza pazvinyama zviri padyo nekukura kana nekenza ichipararira kusvika pfupa. Izvi nezvimwe zviratidzo uye zviratidzo zvinogona kukonzerwa neuroblastoma kana nemamwe mamiriro.

Tarisa nechiremba wemwana wako kana mwana wako ane chero chinotevera:

• Bundu mudumbu, mutsipa, kana muchipfuva.

• Kurwadziwa kwepfupa.

• Kuzvimba mudumbu uye kunetseka kufema (mune vacheche).

• Maziso anoputika.

• Rima denderedzwa rakakomberedza maziso ("dema maziso").

• Isina hurombo, bhuruu mapundu ari pasi peganda (mune vacheche).

• Kushaya simba kana kupera mitezo (kurasikirwa kwekugona kufambisa chikamu chemuviri).

Zvishoma zviratidzo zvinozivikanwa uye zviratidzo zveeuroblastoma zvinosanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kupindwa nechando.

• Kufema kwekufema.

• Kunzwa kuneta.

• Kupwanya kuri nyore kana kubuda ropa.

• Petechiae (yakati sandara, inongedzera mavara pasi peganda rinokonzerwa nekubuda ropa).

• Yakakwira BP.

• Manyoka emvura akanyanyisa.

• Horner syndrome (droopy eyelid, diki mudzidzi, uye kushoma kudikitira kune rumwe rutivi rwechiso).

• Kufamba kwemhasuru kwaJerky.

• Kusadzora kufamba kwemaziso.

Kuyedza kunoongorora akawanda akasiyana matishu emuviri uye mvura inoshandiswa kuongorora neuroblastoma.

Iyi inotevera bvunzo uye maitiro anogona kushandiswa kuongorora neuroblastoma:

• Kuongorora kwemuviri uye nhoroondo yehutano: Kuongororwa kwemuviri kutarisa zviratidzo zvehutano, kusanganisira kuongorora zviratidzo zvehosha, zvakadai semapundu kana chero chinhu chinoratidzika sechisina kujairika. Nhoroondo yemaitiro ehutano hwemurwere uye kurwara kwakapfuura uye kurapwa kuchatorwawo.

• Neurological bvunzo: akateedzana emibvunzo uye bvunzo kutarisa huropi, musana, uye tsinga basa. Bvunzo dzinoongorora chimiro chemunhu chepfungwa, kubatana, kugona kufamba zvakajairika, uye mashandiro, pfungwa, uye mafungiro zvinoshanda zvakadii. Izvi zvinogona zvakare kunzi bvunzo yeurouro kana bvunzo yetsinga.

• Urine catecholamine zvidzidzo: Chiyero umo urini sampuro inotariswa kuyera huwandu hwezvimwe zvinhu, vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) uye homovanillic acid (HVA), izvo zvinogadzirwa apo catecholamines inodonha uye inosunungurwa mumurini. Iyo yakakwira kupfuura yakajairwa huwandu hweVMA kana HVA inogona kuve chiratidzo cheeuroblastoma.

• Ropa kemisitiri zvidzidzo: Chiyero umo muyero weropa unotariswa kuyera huwandu hwezvimwe zvinhu zvakaburitswa muropa nenhengo uye nyama munyama. Iyo yepamusoro kana yakaderera pane yakajairwa huwandu hwechinhu inogona kuve chiratidzo chechirwere.

• MIBG scan: Maitiro anoshandiswa kuwana maturo neuroendocrine, senge neuroblastoma. Chinhu chidiki kwazvo chechinhu chinonzi radioactive MIBG inorowa mutsinga uye ichifamba nemuropa. Neuroendocrine bundu maseru anotora radioactive MIBG uye anoonekwa neye scanner. Scans inogona kutorwa kupfuura mazuva 1-3. Mhinduro yeayodini inogona kupihwa usati kana panguva yekuyedzwa kuti utachiona hwegland husatore yakawandisa yeMIBG. Muedzo uyu unoshandiswa zvakare kuona kuti bundu riri kupindura sei kurapwa. MIBG inoshandiswa mune yakakwira doses yekurapa neuroblastoma.

• CT scan (CAT scan): Maitiro anoita akateedzana emifananidzo yakajeka yenzvimbo dziri mukati memuviri, inotorwa kubva kumakona akasiyana. Mifananidzo yacho inogadzirwa nekombuta yakabatana neiyo x-ray muchina. Dhayi inogona kuiswa jekiseni kana kumedzwa kubatsira nhengo kana zvinyama kuratidza zvakajeka. Iyi nzira inonziwo computed tomography, computerized tomography, kana komputa axial tomography.

Computed tomography (CT) scan yemudumbu. Mwana akarara patafura inotsvedza kuburikidza neCT scanner, iyo inotora mifananidzo ye x-ray yemukati medumbu.

• MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) ine gadolinium: Maitiro anoshandisa magineti, masaisai eredhiyo, uye komputa kugadzira akateedzana emifananidzo yakajeka yenzvimbo dziri mukati memuviri. Chinhu chinonzi gadolinium chinopinzwa mutsinga. Iyo gadolinium inounganidza yakatenderedza maseru ekenza kuitira kuti varatidze kupenya mumufananidzo. Iyi nzira inonziwo nyukireya magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI).

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) yedumbu. Mwana akarara patafura inotsvedza ichipinda muMRI scanner, inotora mifananidzo yemukati memuviri. Iyo padhi padumbu remwana inobatsira kujekesa mifananidzo.

• PET scan (positron emission tomography scan): Iyo nzira yekuwana yakaipa malonda maseru mumuviri. Chishoma che radioactive glucose (shuga) inoiswa mutsinga. Iyo PET scanner inotenderera yakatenderedza muviri uye inogadzira mufananidzo wepo glucose iri kushandiswa mumuviri. Malignant tumarara maseru anoratidza kupenya mumufananidzo nekuti anoshanda uye anotora glucose yakawanda kupfuura zvinoita maseru akajairwa.

• X-ray yechipfuva kana pfupa: X-ray imhando yesimba remagetsi rinogona kupfuura nemuviri uye kupinda mufirimu, ichiita mufananidzo wenzvimbo dziri mukati memuviri.

• Ultrasound bvunzo: Maitiro umo ma-high-energy ruzha mafungu (ultrasound) anodonhedzwa kubva mukati memukati nyama kana nhengo uye anoita maungira. Maungira anoumba mufananidzo wemuviri munyama unonzi sonogram. Mufananidzo wacho unogona kudhindwa kuti utariswe gare gare. Kuongorora kwe ultrasound hakuitwe kana CT / MRI yaitwa.

Abdominal ultrasound. Ultrasound transducer yakabatana nekombuta inosvinwa yakanangana neganda remudumbu. Iyo transducer inovhuvhuta masaisai ezwi kubva mukati memukati uye matishu kuti aite maungira anoita iyo sonogram (komputa mufananidzo).

Biopsy inoitwa kuongorora neuroblastoma.

Masero uye zvinyama zvinobviswa panguva yebiopsy kuitira kuti zvionekwe pasi pe microscope nachiremba wekutarisa zviratidzo zvecancer. Maitiro anoitwa biopsy zvinoenderana nekuti bundu riripi mumuviri. Dzimwe nguva bundu rose rinobviswa panguva imwechete iyo biopsy inoitwa.

Iyi bvunzo inotevera inogona kuitwa pane iyo turu iyo inobviswa:

• Kuongorora kweCytogenetic: Kuedzwa kwerabhoritari umo ma chromosomes emaseru mune svumbunuro yezvinyama zvinoverengerwa uye kuongororwa chero shanduko, dzakadai sekutyoka, kushaikwa, kugadziriswazve, kana mamwe ma chromosomes. Shanduko mune mamwe ma chromosomes inogona kunge iri chiratidzo checancer. Kuongorora kweCytogenetic kunoshandiswa kubatsira kuongorora cancer, kuronga kurapwa, kana kuona kuti kurapa kuri kushanda sei.

• Chiedza microscopy: Kuongororwa kwerabhoritari umo masero ari mune imwe sampuro yetishu anoonekwa pasi pemaitiro akajairika uye akakwirira-ane simba-simba kuona dzimwe shanduko mumasero.

• Immunohistochemistry: Kuongororwa kwerabhoritari inoshandisa masoja ekudzivirira mamwe maantigen (mamaki) mune imwe sampuro yetishu yemurwere. Masoja ekudzivirira chirwere anowanzo sunganidzwa ne enzyme kana dhayi ye fluorescent. Mushure mekunge maantibodies akasunga kune yakasarudzika antigen mune yeiyo sampuli, iyo enzyme kana dhayi inogoneswa, uye iyo antigen inogona kuzoonekwa pasi pe microscope. Rudzi urwu rweyedzo runoshandiswa kubatsira kuongorora gomarara uye kubatsira kutaurira imwe mhando yekenza kubva kune imwe mhando yegomarara.

• MYCN amplification kudzidza: A yokudzidza rabhoritari umo bundu kana mwongo masero vari zvakaongororwa pachiyero MYCN. MYCN yakakosha pakukura kwesero. Chikamu chepamusoro cheMYCN (anopfuura makopi gumi ejeni) anonzi MYCN kukwidziridzwa. Neuroblastoma neMYCN kukwidziridzwa kunowanzoita kuti ipararire mumuviri uye kashoma kupindura kurapwa.

Vana vanosvika pamwedzi mitanhatu vangangoda bhaopsy kana kuvhiyiwa kubvisa bundu nekuti bundu rinogona kutsakatika pasina kurapwa.

Zvimwe zvinhu zvinokanganisa kufungidzira (mukana wekupora) uye sarudzo dzekurapa.

Kufungidzira uye sarudzo dzekurapa dzinoenderana nezvinotevera:

• Zera panguva yekuongororwa.

• Tumor histology (chimiro, mashandiro, uye chimiro chemarara maseru).

• Boka renjodzi remwana.

• Kunyangwe paine zvimwe zvinoshanduka mumajini.

• Iko mumuviri bundu rakatanga.

• Chikamu checancer.

• Maitiro anoita bundu racho pakurapwa.

• Inguva yakadii yakapfuura pakati pekuongororwa uye kana kenza ikadzokazve (yekenza inowanzoitika).

Kufungidzira uye nzira dzekurapa kweiyo neuroblastoma zvakare inokanganiswa nebundu biology, inosanganisira zvinotevera:

• Iwo mapatani emarara maseru.

• Masero emota akasiyana zvakadii kubva kumasero akajairwa.

• Kurumidza sei kuti maseru emota ari kukura.

• Kunyangwe bundu rinoratidza kukwidziridzwa kweMYCN.

• Kunyangwe bundu racho riine shanduko muALK geni.

Bundu biology rinonzi rinofarira kana kusafadza, zvinoenderana nezvinhu izvi. Mwana ane yakanaka bundu biology ane mukana uri nani wekupora.

Mune vamwe vana kusvika pamwedzi mitanhatu, neuroblastoma inogona kunyangarika pasina kurapwa. Izvi zvinodaidzwa zvinongoitika zvega. Mwana anonyatsotariswa zviratidzo kana zviratidzo zveeuroblastoma. Kana zviratidzo kana zviratidzo zvikaitika, kurapwa kunogona kudikanwa.

Matanho eNeuroblastoma

PFUNGWA DZINOKOSHA

• Mushure mekunge neuroblastoma yaonekwa, kuongororwa kunoitwa kuti uone kana gomarara rapararira kubva kwarakatangira kuenda kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.

• Pane nzira nhatu dzinopararira negomarara mumuviri.

• Gomarara rinogona kutapukira kubva kwarakatanga kuenda kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.

• Aya matanho anotevera anoshandiswa neuroblastoma:

• Chikamu 1

• Chikamu 2

• Chikamu 3

• Chikamu 4

• Kurapa kweeuroblastoma kunoenderana nemapoka ane njodzi.

• Dzimwe nguva neuroblastoma haina kupindura kurapwa kana kudzoka mushure mekurapwa.

Mushure mekunge neuroblastoma yaonekwa, kuongororwa kunoitwa kuti uone kana gomarara rapararira kubva kwarakatangira kuenda kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.

Maitiro anoshandiswa kutsvaga kukura kana kupararira kwegomarara anonzi staging. Ruzivo rwunounganidzwa kubva mukugadzwa kunobatsira kuona danho rechirwere. Kune neuroblastoma, danho rechirwere rinokanganisa kana gomarara iri njodzi yakadzika, njodzi yepakati, kana njodzi huru. Inokanganisawo chirongwa chekurapa. Mhedzisiro yemamwe bvunzo uye maitiro anoshandiswa kuongorora neuroblastoma anogona kushandiswa pakuratidzira. Ona iyo General Ruzivo chikamu kune tsananguro yeaya mabvunzo uye maitiro.

Iyi inotevera bvunzo uye maitiro zvakare anogona kushandiswa kuona danho.

• Bone marrow aspiration uye biopsy: Kubviswa kwemongo wefupa, ropa, uye chidimbu chefupa nekuisa tsono isina mhango muhudyu kana pfupa rechipfuva. Nyanzvi yezvirwere anoona pfupa, ropa, uye pfupa pasi pe microscope kutsvaga zviratidzo zvegomarara.

Bone marora chishuwo uye biopsy. Mushure mekunge nzvimbo diki yeganda yave nechiveve, tsono yemongo wemapfupa inoiswa mupfupa rehudyu remwana. Samples reropa, bhonzo, uye mwongo wemapfupa zvinobviswa kuti zviongororwe pasi pe microscope.

• Lymph node biopsy: Kubviswa kwezvose kana chikamu chema lymph node. Nyanzvi yezvirwere anoona iyo lymph node tishu pasi pe microscope kutarisa masero ekenza Imwe yedzinotevera mhando dze biopsies dzinogona kuitwa:

• Excisional biopsy: Kubviswa kweiyo lymph node.

• Incisional biopsy: Kubviswa kwechikamu chema lymph node.

• Core biopsy: Kubviswa kwetishu kubva kune lymph node uchishandisa yakafara tsono.

• Fine-sindano aspiration (FNA) biopsy: Kubviswa kwetissue kana fluid kubva kune lymph node uchishandisa nhete tsono.

Pane nzira nhatu dzinopararira negomarara mumuviri.

Kenza inogona kupararira kuburikidza nematinji, iyo lymph system, uye neropa:

• Tishu. Kenza inopararira kubva kwayakatanga nekukura ichipinda munzvimbo dziri pedyo.

• Lymph maitiro. Kenza inopararira kubva kwayakatanga nekupinda muiyo lymph system. Kenza inofamba nemumidziyo yema lymph ichienda kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.

• Ropa. Kenza inopararira kubva payakatanga nekupinda muropa. Kenza inofamba nemidzi yeropa ichienda kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.

Gomarara rinogona kutapukira kubva kwarakatanga kuenda kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.

Kana kenza ikapararira kune chimwe chikamu chemuviri, inonzi metastasis. Cancer maseru anotsemuka kubva kwaakatanga (iro bundu rekutanga) uye achifamba kuburikidza neye lymph system kana ropa.

• Lymph maitiro. Gomarara rinopinda mu "lymph system", rinofamba nemumidziyo ye "lymph", uye rinogadzira bundu (metastatic tumor) mune chimwe chikamu chemuviri.

• Ropa. Kenza inopinda muropa, inofamba nemutsinga dzeropa, yoita bundu (metastatic tumor) mune chimwe chikamu chemuviri.

Iyo metastatic bundu irwo rudzi rwecancer seyakanyanya bundu. Semuenzaniso, kana neuroblastoma ikapararira kuchiropa, masero emukenza ari muchiropa ari masero euroblastoma chaiwo. Hosha iyi metastatic neuroblastoma, kwete kenza yechiropa.

Aya matanho anotevera anoshandiswa neuroblastoma:

Chikamu 1

Muchikamu chekutanga, gomarara iri munzvimbo imwe chete uye gomarara rese rinoonekwa rinobviswa zvachose panguva yekuvhiyiwa.

Chikamu 2

Chikamu chechipiri chakakamurwa muzvikamu 2A uye 2B.

• Stage 2A: Iyo kenza iri munzvimbo imwe chete uye kenza yese inogona kuoneka haina kubviswa zvachose panguva yekuvhiyiwa.

• Stage 2B: Kenza iri munzvimbo imwe chete uye kenza yese inogona kuoneka inogona kana kusazobviswa zvachose panguva yekuvhiyiwa. Cancer maseru anowanikwa mune ma lymph node padyo nebundu.

Chikamu 3

Muchikamu chechitatu, chimwe cheanotevera ichokwadi:

• gomarara harigone kubviswa zvachose panguva yekuvhiyiwa uye rapararira kubva kune rimwe divi remuviri kuenda kune rimwe divi uye rinogona kunge rakapararira kune ma lymph node ari padyo; kana

• gomarara iri kune rimwe divi remuviri uye rapararira kune lymph node kune rimwe divi remuviri; kana

• gomarara iri pakati pemuviri uye rapararira kumatishu kana ma lymph node kumativi ese emuviri, uye gomarara harigone kubviswa nekuvhiya.

Chikamu 4

Chikamu chechina chakakamurwa muzvikamu 4 uye 4S.

• Muchikamu chechina, kenza yapararira kune ma lymph node ari kure kana kune zvimwe zvikamu zvemuviri.

• Muchikamu 4S, mwana ari pasi pemwedzi gumi nembiri, uye:

• kenza yapararira paganda, chiropa, uye / kana mwongo wefupa; kana

• kenza iri munzvimbo imwe chete uye kenza yese inogona kuoneka inogona kana kusabviswa zvachose panguva yekuvhiyiwa; kana

• cancer maseru anogona kuwanikwa mune ma lymph node padyo nebundu.

Kurapa kweeuroblastoma kunoenderana nemapoka ane njodzi.

Kune mazhinji marudzi ekenza, matanho anoshandiswa kuronga kurapwa. Kune neuroblastoma, kurapwa kunoenderana neboka renjodzi remurwere. Chikamu cheeuroblastoma ndechimwe chinhu chinoshandiswa kuona boka renjodzi. Zvimwe zvinhu zera, bundu histology, uye bundu biology.

Kune matatu mapoka ane njodzi: njodzi yakaderera, njodzi yepakati, uye njodzi huru.

• Yakaderera-njodzi uye yepakati-njodzi neuroblastoma vane mukana wakanaka wekuporeswa.

• Yakakwira-njodzi neuroblastoma inogona kunge yakaoma kurapa.

Dzimwe nguva neuroblastoma haina kupindura kurapwa kana kudzoka mushure mekurapwa.

Refractory neuroblastoma ibundu risingapindure pakurapwa.

Yazvino neuroblastoma kenza yakadzokazve (kudzoka) mushure mekurapwa. Bundu rinogona kudzoka saiti kwayakatangira kana mukati yepakati tsinga system.

Kurapa Sarudzo Kuongorora

PFUNGWA DZINOKOSHA

• Kune akasiyana marudzi ekurapa kwevarwere vane neuroblastoma.

• Vana vane neuroblastoma vanofanirwa kurapwa kwavo kuchirongwa nechikwata chevanachiremba vanova nyanzvi pakurapa gomarara rehucheche, kunyanya neuroblastoma.

• Mhando nomwe dzekurapwa kwakajairika dzinoshandiswa:

• Kucherechedza

• Kuvhiya

• Radiation kurapa

• Iodine 131-MIBG kurapa

• Chemotherapy

• Yakakwira-dose chemotherapy uye radiation radiation ine stem maseru kununura

• Targeted kurapwa

• Mhando nyowani dzekurapa dziri kuyedzwa mumakiriniki ekuedzwa.

• Immunotherapy

• Kurapa kweeuroblastoma kunokonzeresa mhedzisiro uye kunonoka mhedzisiro.

• Varwere vangangoda kufunga nezve kutora chikamu mukutora kiriniki.

• Varwere vanogona kupinda mumakiriniki miedzo vasati, panguva, kana mushure mekutanga kwavo kenza kurapwa.

• Yekutevera-bvunzo inogona kudikanwa.

Kune akasiyana marudzi ekurapa kwevarwere vane neuroblastoma.

Mhando dzakasiyana dzekurapa dziripo kune varwere vane neuroblastoma. Mamwe marapirwo akajairwa (iko kurapwa kwazvino kwashandiswa), uye kumwe kuedzwa mumakiriniki ekuedzwa A kurapwa kiriniki kuyedzwa chidzidzo chekutsvaga chakaitirwa kubatsira kuvandudza marapirwo azvino kana kuwana ruzivo marapirwo matsva evarwere vane gomarara. Kana kiriniki miedzo ikaratidza kuti kurapwa kutsva kuri nani pane kwese kurapwa, kurapwa kutsva kunogona kuve kwakajairwa kurapwa.

Nekuti kenza muvana isingawanzo, kutora chikamu mukutongwa kwekiriniki kunofanirwa kutariswa. Mimwe miedzo yekiriniki yakavhurwa chete kune varwere vasina kutanga kurapwa.

Vana vane neuroblastoma vanofanirwa kurapwa kwavo kuchirongwa nechikwata chevanachiremba vanova nyanzvi pakurapa gomarara rehucheche, kunyanya neuroblastoma.

Kurapa kunozoonekwa nachiremba wevana oncologist, chiremba ane hunyanzvi hwekurapa vana vane gomarara. Vanachiremba oncologist vanoshanda nevamwe vatapi vezvehutano vevana vanove nyanzvi dzekurapa vana vane neuroblastoma uye vanoziva mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzemishonga. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira vanachiremba vanotevera:

• Chiremba wechiremba wechiremba.

• Chiremba radiation radiation.

• Endocrinologist.

• Neurologist.

• Chiremba neuropathologist.

• Neuroradiologist.

• Chiremba wevana.

• Mukoti wechiremba nyanzvi.

• Wezvemagariro.

• Hupenyu hwemwana hunyanzvi.

• Nyanzvi yezvepfungwa.

Mhando nomwe dzekurapwa kwakajairika dzinoshandiswa:

Kucherechedza

Kucherechedza kuri kunyatsoongorora mamiriro emurwere pasina kupa chero kurapwa kusvikira zviratidzo kana zviratidzo zvaonekwa kana kuchinja.

Kuvhiya

Kuvhiya kunoshandiswa kurapa neuroblastoma iyo isina kupararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzomuviri. Zvakawanda zvebundu sezvazvinogona kuita zvinobviswa. Lymph node dzinobviswawo uye dzinoongororwa zviratidzo zvekenza.

Kana bundu risingakwanise kubviswa, biopsy inogona kuitwa panzvimbo.

Radiation kurapa

Radiation kurapa kurapwa kenza iyo inoshandisa yakakwira-simba x-rays kana mamwe marudzi e radiation kuuraya cancer maseru kana kuachengeta iwo kuti asakure. External radiation therapy inoshandisa muchina uri kunze kwemuviri kutumira radiation kune iyo nzvimbo yemuviri nekenza.

Iodine 131-MIBG kurapa

Iodine 131-MIBG kurapa kurapa kune radioactive iodine. Iodine ine radioactive inopihwa kuburikidza nemutsinga (IV) mutsetse uye inopinda muropa rinotakura mwaranzi yakananga kumatumbu maseru. Iodine ine radioactive inounganidza mumasero euroblastoma uye inovauraya nemwaranzi inopihwa. Iodine 131-MIBG kurapa dzimwe nguva inoshandiswa kurapa njodzi-yakakura neuroblastoma iyo inodzoka mushure mekutanga kurapwa.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy mushonga wekenza unoshandisa mishonga kumisa kukura kwemasero ekenza, kungave nekuuraya maseru kana nekuamisa iwo kubva pakupatsanuka. Kana chemotherapy ikatorwa nemuromo kana kujowa mutsinga kana mhasuru, mishonga inopinda muropa uye inogona kusvika masero emukenza mumuviri wese (systemic chemotherapy).

Iko kushandiswa kwemaviri kana anopfuura anticancer mishonga inonzi yakasanganiswa chemotherapy.

Ona Mishonga Inotenderwa yeNeuroblastoma kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo.

Yakakwira-dose chemotherapy uye radiation radiation ine stem maseru kununura

Yakakwira-dose chemotherapy uye radiation radiation inopihwa kuuraya chero gomarara maseru ayo anogona kumisazve uye kukonzera kenza kudzoka. Masero ane hutano, kusanganisira masero anogadzira ropa, anoparadzwa nekenza kurapwa. Stem cell kununura kurapwa kutsiva masero anogadzira ropa. Masero emashizha (masero eropa asina kusimba) anobviswa muropa kana mwongo wemapfupa emurwere uye akaomeswa nechando uye akachengetwa. Mushure mekunge murwere apedza chemotherapy uye radiation radiation, iyo yakachengetwa masero maseru anonyungudutswa uye ndokudzoserwa kumurwere kuburikidza nekumukiswa. Aya akadzikiswa maseru emadzinde anokura kuita (uye kudzoreredza) masero eropa emuviri.

Kuchengetedza kurapa kunopihwa mushure meyakanyanya-dose chemotherapy uye radiation radiation ne stem cell kununura kwemwedzi mitanhatu uye inosanganisira zvinotevera kurapwa.

• Isotretinoin: Iyo vhitamini-senge mushonga unononoka kugona kenza yekuita mamwe maseru ekenza uye inoshandura maratidziro anoita maseru uye maitiro. Mushonga uyu unotorwa nemuromo.

• Dinutuximab: Rudzi rwe monoclonal antibody therapy iyo inoshandisa antibody inogadzirwa murabhoritari kubva kune imwechete mhando yemasoja emuviri masero. Dinutuximab inoratidza uye inosungira kune chinhu, chinonzi GD2, pamusoro pemasero euroblastoma. Pane imwe nguva dinutuximab yakanamatira kuGD2, chiratidzo chinotumirwa ku immune system kuti chinhu chekunze chakawanikwa uye chinoda kuurawa. Ipapo immune system yemuviri inouraya iyo neuroblastoma cell. Dinutuximab inopihwa ne infusion. Iyo mhando yekurapa kwakanangwa.

• Granulocyte-macrophage koloni-inosimudzira chinhu (GM-CSF): cytokine iyo inobatsira kuita mamwe maseru ezvirwere, kunyanya magranulocytes uye macrophages (machena masero eropa), ayo anogona kurwisa nekuuraya maseru emukenza.

• Interleukin-2 (IL-2): Rudzi rweyununotherapy inosimudzira kukura uye mashandiro emasero mazhinji ezvirwere zvemuviri, kunyanya maLymphocyte (rudzi rwechena ropa maseru). MaLymphocyte anogona kurwisa nekuuraya maseru ekenza.

Ona Mishonga Inotenderwa yeNeuroblastoma kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo.

Targeted kurapwa

Targeted therapy mhando yekurapa inoshandisa zvinodhaka kana zvimwe zvinhu kuti zvione uye kurwisa chaiwo maseru ekenza. Marapirwo akanangwa anowanzo kukonzera kukuvara kushoma kune masero akajairwa kupfuura chemotherapy kana radiation radiation inoita. Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzokurapa kwakanangwa:

• Monoclonal antibody therapy: Monoclonal antibodies mapuroteni ezvirwere zvemuviri akagadzirwa murabhoritari kurapa zvirwere zvakawanda, kusanganisira cancer. Sekurapa kenza, aya ma antibodies anogona kunamatira kune chaicho chakanangana nemaseru ekenza kana mamwe maseru anogona kubatsira maseru ekenza kukura. Masoja ekudzivirira chirwere aya anokwanisa kuuraya masero egomarara, kudzivirira kukura kwawo, kana kuita kuti asapararire. Monoclonal antibodies inopihwa nekumisirwa. Inogona kushandiswa yoga kana kutakura zvinodhaka, chepfu, kana zvinhu zvine radioactive zvakanangana nemasero ekenza.

Pembrolizumab uye dinutuximab ndiwo monoclonal antibodies ari kuongororwa kurapa neuroblastoma iyo yadzoka mushure mekurapwa kana isina kupindura kurapwa.

• Tyrosine kinase inhibitor kurapa: Aya akanangwa kurapa zvinodhaka anovharira zviratidzo zvinodiwa kuti mamota akure.

Crizotinib ndeye tyrosine kinase inhibitor inoshandiswa kurapa neuroblastoma iyo yadzoka mushure mekurapwa. AZD1775 uye lorlatinib ndeye tyrosine kinase inhibitors iri kudzidza kurapa neuroblastoma iyo yakadzoka mushure mekurapwa kana isina kupindura kurapwa.

• Histone deacetylase inhibitor therapy: Uku kurapa kunokonzera shanduko yemakemikari inomisa maseru ekenza kubva mukukura nekukamurana.

Vorinostat rudzi rwe histone deacetylase inhibitor iri kudzidza kurapa neuroblastoma iyo yakadzoka mushure mekurapwa kana isina kupindura kurapwa.

• Ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor therapy: Uku kurapwa kunononoka kukura uye kupatsanurwa kwemasero ekenza.

Eflornithine imhando yeornithine decarboxylase inhibitor iri kudzidza kurapa neuroblastoma iyo yakadzoka mushure mekurapwa kana isina kupindura kurapwa.

Mhando nyowani dzekurapa dziri kuyedzwa mumakiriniki ekuedzwa.

Ichi chidimbu chikamu chinotsanangura kurapwa kuri kuongororwa mumakiriniki ekuedzwa. Zvinogona kusataura nezveese marapirwo matsva ari kuongororwa. Ruzivo nezve kiriniki miedzo inowanikwa kubva kuNCI webhusaiti.

Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy kurapwa kunoshandisa immune system yemurwere kurwisa gomarara. Zvinhu zvinogadzirwa nemuviri kana kugadzirwa murabhoritari zvinoshandiswa kusimudzira, kunongedza, kana kudzorera kudzivirira kwemuviri kurwisa kenza. Ichi chirwere chegomarara rudzi rwe biologic therapy.

• CAR T-cell kurapa: T yemurwere T masero (rudzi rwe immune system maseru) anochinjwa kuitira kuti varwise mamwe mapuroteni ari pamusoro pekenza maseru. T maseru anotorwa kubva kumurwere uye akakosha maakagamuchirwa anowedzerwa kumusoro kwawo murabhoritari. Masero akachinjwa anonzi chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T masero. Masero eCAR T anokurirwa murabhoritari uye anopiwa murwere nekumukisa. Masero eCAR T anowanda muropa remurwere uye anorwisa maseru egomarara.

MOTO T-cell kurapa. Rudzi rwekurapa umo masero eT emurwere (rudzi rwemuviri wemasero emuviri) anochinjwa murabhoritari kuitira kuti vasunge masero egomarara vovauraya. Ropa kubva mutsinga iri muruoko rwemurwere inoyerera nepombi kusvika kumuchina weapheresis (usina kuratidzwa), unobvisa masero eropa machena, kusanganisira maT seli, uye wotumira iro rasara rose ropa kumurwere. Zvino, iyo geni yeakagamuchirwa yakakosha inonzi chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) inoiswa mukati meT maseru murabhoritari. Mamirioni emaCAR T maseru anokurirwa murabhoritari uye ndokuzopihwa kumurwere nekumukisa. Masero eCAR T anokwanisa kusunga kune antigen pane masero ekenza uye nekuvauraya.

CAR T-cell kurapa kuri kuongororwa kuti irape neuroblastoma iyo yakadzoka mushure mekurapwa kana isina kupindura kurapwa.

Kurapa kweeuroblastoma kunokonzeresa mhedzisiro uye kunonoka mhedzisiro.

Kuti uwane ruzivo nezve mhedzisiro inotanga panguva yekurapa kenza, ona yedu Side Mhedzisiro peji.

Zvimwe zvinokonzeresa kubva pakurapwa nekenza zvinotanga mushure mekurapwa uye kuenderera kwemwedzi kana makore zvinonzi kunonoka kuitika Kwapera nguva mhedzisiro yekurapwa nekenza inogona kusanganisira:

• Zvinetso zvepanyama.

• Kuvandudza zino.

• Kuvhara kwepamuviri (kuvharirwa).

• Bone uye karoti kukura.

• Kunzwa basa.

• Metabolic syndrome (yakakwira BP, yakakwidziridzwa triglycerides, yakakwidzwa cholesterol, yakawedzera muviri mafuta muzana).

• Shanduko mumanzwiro, manzwiro, kufunga, kudzidza, kana ndangariro.

• Gomarara repiri (mhando nyowani dzekenza).

Mimwe mhedzisiro mhedzisiro inogona kurapwa kana kudzorwa. Izvo zvakakosha kuti utaure navanachiremba vemwana wako nezve mhedzisiro yekurapwa nekenza kunogona kuve pamwana wako. Ona pfupiso ye pamusoro peMagumo Ekurapa kweKenza Yevacheche kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo.

Varwere vangangoda kufunga nezve kutora chikamu mukutora kiriniki.

Kune vamwe varwere, kutora chikamu mumuedzo wekiriniki inogona kunge iri sarudzo yekurapa yakanyanya kunaka. Kliniki miedzo chikamu chekenza tsvagiridzo. Zvemakiriniki miedzo inoitwa kuti uone kana marapirwo matsva egomarara akachengeteka uye achishanda kana zvirinani pane akajairwa kurapwa.

Mazhinji emazuva ano marapirwo akajairwa ekenza akavakirwa pamavambo emakiriniki ekuedzwa. Varwere vanotora chikamu mukuyedzwa kwekiriniki vanogona kuwana kurapwa kwakaringana kana kuve pakati pevekutanga kurapwa kutsva.

Varwere vanotora chikamu mumiedzo yekiriniki zvakare vanobatsira kugadzirisa marapirwo achaitwa kenza mune ramangwana. Kunyangwe kana miedzo yemakiriniki isinga tangire kumarapirwo matsva anoshanda, anowanzo pindura mibvunzo yakakosha uye anobatsira kufambisira mberi kutsvagurudza.

Varwere vanogona kupinda mumakiriniki miedzo vasati, panguva, kana mushure mekutanga kwavo kenza kurapwa.

Mimwe miedzo yekiriniki inosanganisira chete varwere vasati vagamuchira kurapwa. Mimwe miedzo yekuedza kurapwa kwevarwere vane kenza haina kuve nani. Kune mamwezve emakiriniki miedzo inoedza nzira nyowani dzekumisa cancer kubva kudzokororazve (kudzoka) kana kudzikisira mhedzisiro yemakenza kurapwa.

Kuedzwa kwemakiriniki kuri kuitika munzvimbo zhinji dzenyika. Ruzivo nezve kiriniki miedzo inotsigirwa neNCI inogona kuwanikwa paNCI yekiriniki miedzo yekutsvaga peji rewebhu. Kliniki miedzo inotsigirwa nemamwe masangano inogona kuwanikwa pane yeClinicalTrials.gov webhusaiti.

Yekutevera-bvunzo inogona kudikanwa.

Mimwe miedzo yakaitwa kuongorora gomarara kana kutsvaga danho rekenza inogona kudzokororwa. Dzimwe bvunzo dzinodzokororwa kuitira kuti vaone kuti kurapa kuri kushanda sei. Sarudzo nezvekuti uenderere mberi, shandura, kana kumisa kurapwa kunogona kunge kuchibva pamhedzisiro yeiyi bvunzo.

Mimwe bvunzo ichaenderera ichiitwa nguva nenguva mushure mekunge kurapwa kwapera. Mhedzisiro yeiyi bvunzo inogona kuratidza kana mamiriro emwana wako achinja kana kana gomarara radzoka (dzoka). Iyi bvunzo dzimwe nguva inonzi yekuteedzera-bvunzo kana kuongorora-kumusoro.

Yekutevera-bvunzo yevarwere vane neuroblastoma inosanganisira zvinotevera:

• Weti catecholamine zvidzidzo.

• MIBG scan.

Kurapa kweRepasi-Njodzi Neuroblastoma

Kuti uwane ruzivo nezve marapirwo akanyorwa pazasi, ona iyo Chikamu Sarudzo Yekutarisa Chikamu.

Kurapa kweiyo ichangobva kuongororwa yakaderera njodzi njodzi neuroblastoma inogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kuvhiya kunoteverwa nekucherechedza.

• Chemotherapy nekuvhiyiwa, kwevana vane zviratidzo kana vana vane bundu rakaramba richikura uye risingakwanise kubviswa nekuvhiyiwa.

• Chemotherapy, kune vamwe varwere.

• Kucherekedza wega kune vacheche vari pasi pemwedzi mitanhatu vane tumamota tudiki twemadrenal kana kune vacheche vasina zviratidzo kana zviratidzo zveeuroblastoma.

• Radiation kurapa kurapa mamota ayo ari kukonzera matambudziko akakomba uye haapindure nekukurumidza kune chemotherapy kana kuvhiyiwa.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwekurapwa kunoenderana nemhinduro yemota pakurapwa uye bundu biology.

Shandisa yedu kiriniki yekuyedza kutsvaga kutsvaga NCI-yakatsigirwa kenza kiriniki miedzo iri kugamuchira varwere. Unogona kutsvaga miedzo zvichibva parudzi rwecancer, zera remurwere, uye iko kunoitwa miyedzo. Ruzhinji ruzivo nezve zvekuedzwa zvekiriniki zvakare zviripo.

Kurapa kwepakati-Njodzi Neuroblastoma

Kuti uwane ruzivo nezve marapirwo akanyorwa pazasi, ona iyo Chikamu Sarudzo Yekutarisa Chikamu.

Kurapa kweiyo ichangobva kuongororwa yepakati-njodzi-neuroblastoma inogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Chemotherapy yevana vane zviratidzo kana kudzikisa bundu risingakwanise kubviswa nekuvhiya. Kuvhiya kunogona kuitwa mushure memakemikari ekurapa.

• Kuvhiya ndoga kune vacheche.

• Kucherechedza ndoga kune vacheche.

• Radiation kurapa kurapa mamota ayo akaramba achikura panguva yekurapwa nekemotherapy kana mamota asingakwanise kubviswa nekuvhiya uye akaramba achikura mushure mekurapwa nekemotherapy.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwekurapwa kunoenderana nemhinduro yemota pakurapwa uye bundu biology.

Shandisa yedu kiriniki yekuyedza kutsvaga kutsvaga NCI-yakatsigirwa kenza kiriniki miedzo iri kugamuchira varwere. Unogona kutsvaga miedzo zvichibva parudzi rwecancer, zera remurwere, uye iko kunoitwa miyedzo. Ruzhinji ruzivo nezve zvekuedzwa zvekiriniki zvakare zviripo.

Kurapa kweiyo Yakakwira-Njodzi Neuroblastoma

Kuti uwane ruzivo nezve marapirwo akanyorwa pazasi, ona iyo Chikamu Sarudzo Yekutarisa Chikamu.

Kurapa kweachangobva kuongororwa ane njodzi huru neuroblastoma kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Rudzi rwemarapirwo anotevera:

• Kusanganiswa chemotherapy.

• Kuvhiya.

• Makosi maviri eiyo epamusoro-dose musanganiswa chemotherapy inoteverwa ne stem cell kununura

• Radiation kurapa.

• Monoclonal antibody therapy (dinutuximab) ine interleukin-2 (IL-2), granulocyte-macrophage koloni-inosimudzira chinhu (GM-CSF), uye isotretinoin.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki yeodhini 131-MIBG kurapa kana yakanangwa kurapa (crizotinib) uye kumwe kurapwa.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki ye monoclonal antibody therapy (dinutuximab), GM-CSF, uye mubatanidzwa chemotherapy.

Shandisa yedu kiriniki yekuyedza kutsvaga kutsvaga NCI-yakatsigirwa kenza kiriniki miedzo iri kugamuchira varwere. Unogona kutsvaga miedzo zvichibva parudzi rwecancer, zera remurwere, uye iko kunoitwa miyedzo. Ruzhinji ruzivo nezve zvekuedzwa zvekiriniki zvakare zviripo.

Kurapa kweStage 4S Neuroblastoma

Kuti uwane ruzivo nezve marapirwo akanyorwa pazasi, ona iyo Chikamu Sarudzo Yekutarisa Chikamu.

Iko hakuna kwakajairika kurapwa kweachangobva kuongororwa nhanho 4S neuroblastoma asi nzira dzekurapa dzinosanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kucherekedza uye kutsigira kuchengetedza kwevana vane yakanaka bundu biology uye vasina zviratidzo kana zviratidzo.

• Chemotherapy, yevana vane zviratidzo kana zviratidzo, kune vacheche vadiki kwazvo, kana kune vana vane isina kunaka bundu biology.

• Radiation kurapwa kwevana vane neuroblastoma yakapararira kuchiropa.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwekurapwa kunoenderana nemhinduro yemota pakurapwa uye bundu biology.

Shandisa yedu kiriniki yekuyedza kutsvaga kutsvaga NCI-yakatsigirwa kenza kiriniki miedzo iri kugamuchira varwere. Unogona kutsvaga miedzo zvichibva parudzi rwecancer, zera remurwere, uye iko kunoitwa miyedzo. Ruzhinji ruzivo nezve zvekuedzwa zvekiriniki zvakare zviripo.

Kurapa kweRecurrent Neuroblastoma

Kuti uwane ruzivo nezve marapirwo akanyorwa pazasi, ona iyo Chikamu Sarudzo Yekutarisa Chikamu.

Varwere Kutanga Kubatwa Nekutsika-Njodzi Neuroblastoma

Kurapa kweanodzokororwa neuroblastoma iyo inodzoka munzvimbo yakatangwa kenza inogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kuvhiya kunoteverwa nekucherechedza kana chemotherapy.

• Chemotherapy iyo inogona kuteverwa nekuvhiya.

Kurapa kweanowanzoitika neuroblastoma anodzoka mune mamwe mativi emuviri kana asina kupindura kurapwa anogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kucherechedza.

• Chemotherapy.

• Kuvhiya kunoteverwa nekemotherapy.

• Kurapa senge ichangobva kuongororwa ine njodzi huru neuroblastoma, yevana vakura kupfuura gore rimwe.

Varwere Kutanga Kubatwa Kwevari Pakati-Njodzi Neuroblastoma

Kurapa kweanodzokororwa neuroblastoma iyo inodzoka munzvimbo yakatangwa kenza inogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kuvhiya kunogona kuteverwa nekemotherapy.

• Radiation kurapa kwevana vane chirwere chakanyanya kuwedzera mushure memakemikari uye kechipiri-kutarisa kuvhiya.

Kurapa kweanowanzoitika neuroblastoma anodzoka mune mamwe mativi emuviri anogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kurapa senge ichangobva kuongororwa ine njodzi huru neuroblastoma, yevana vakura kupfuura gore rimwe.

Varwere Kutanga Kubatwa Kune Yakakwira-Njodzi Neuroblastoma

Iko hakuna kurapwa kwakajairika kweanodzokororwa neuroblastoma mune varwere vakatanga kurapwa kune yakanyanya njodzi njodzi neuroblastoma. Kurapa kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Chemotherapy.

• Kusanganiswa chemotherapy ne monoclonal antibody therapy (dinutuximab).

• Iodine 131-MIBG kurapa kubvisa zviratidzo uye kugadzirisa hupenyu. Inogona kupihwa yega kana musanganiswa nekemotherapy.

• Targeted therapy ne crizotinib kana imwe ALK inhibitors, yevarwere vane shanduko muALK geni.

Nekuti hapana kurapwa kwakaringana, varwere vakatanga kurapwa kwehutachiona hwehutachiona neuroblastoma vangangoda kufunga nezveyedzo yekiriniki. Kuti uwane ruzivo nezve kiriniki miedzo, ndapota ona iyo NCI webhusaiti

Varwere vane Recurrent CNS Neuroblastoma

Kurapa kweiyo neuroblastoma iyo inodzokororazve (inodzoka) mukati epakati tsinga system (CNS; uropi uye musana tambo) zvinogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kuvhiya kubvisa bundu muCNS kuchiteverwa ne radiation radiation.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwerapi itsva.

Mishonga Inodzidziswa Yekufambira mberi / Inowanzoitika Neuroblastoma

Mimwe yekurapa kuri kuongororwa mumakiriniki ekuedzwa neuroblastoma iyo inodzokororwa (inodzoka) kana kufambira mberi (inokura, inopararira, kana kusapindura kurapwa) inosanganisira zvinotevera:

• Chemotherapy uye yakanangwa kurapa (dinutuximab ine kana isina eflornithine).

• Kutarisa sampuro yebundu remurwere kune mamwe magene anochinja. Rudzi rwekurapa kwakanangwa kuchapihwa kumurwere kunoenderana nerudzi rwechinjo yemajini.

• Targeted Therapy (AZD1775) uye chemotherapy.

• Targeted therapy (pembrolizumab kana lorlatinib).

• Immunotherapy (CAR T-cell kurapa).

• Iodine 131-MIBG kurapa kwakapihwa wega kana nemamwe anticancer zvinodhaka.

• Iodine 131-MIBG kurapa uye kwakanangwa kurapa (dinutuximab).

Shandisa yedu kiriniki yekuyedza kutsvaga kutsvaga NCI-yakatsigirwa kenza kiriniki miedzo iri kugamuchira varwere. Unogona kutsvaga miedzo zvichibva parudzi rwecancer, zera remurwere, uye iko kunoitwa miyedzo. Ruzhinji ruzivo nezve zvekuedzwa zvekiriniki zvakare zviripo.

Kuti udzidze Zvakawanda Nezve Neuroblastoma

Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo kubva kuNational Cancer Institute nezve neuroblastoma, ona zvinotevera:

• Neuroblastoma Peji Peji

• Neuroblastoma Kuongorora

• Computed Tomography (CT) Scans uye Cancer

• Mishonga Inotenderwa Neuroblastoma

• Targeted Cancer Therapies

• Immunotherapy Kurapa Cancer

• Maitiro Matsva eNeuroblastoma Therapy (NANT) Buda Disclaimer

Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo rwegomarara rehucheche uye zvimwe zvecancer zviwanikwa, ona zvinotevera:

• Nezve Kenza

• Cancers Yevacheche

• Kurapa Kutsvaga Kwevana Cancer Buda Disclaimer

• Mahedhi Ekupedzisira Ekurapwa kweKenza Yevacheche

• Vechidiki uye Vechidiki Vakuru vane Cancer

• Vana vane Cancer: Nhungamiro Yevabereki

• Kenza muVana neVachiri kuyaruka

• Stage

• Kurarama neCancer

• Mibvunzo Yekubvunza Wako Chiremba nezveCancer

• Kune Vakapona uye Vanotarisira

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