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Diki Cell Lung Cancer Kurapa (®) -Patient Shanduro

Ruzivo Ruzhinji Nezve Diki Cell Lung Cancer

PFUNGWA DZINOKOSHA

• Diki kenza yemapapu kenza chirwere umo mune yakaipa (gomarara) maseru anoumba mumatumbu emapapu.

• Kune maviri epamhando mikuru yekenza diki yemukenza yemapapu.

• Kusvuta ndicho chinhu chikuru chinokonzeresa kenza diki yemapapu yemapapu.

• Zviratidzo nezviratidzo zvekenza diki yemukenza yemapapu zvinosanganisira kukosora, kufema kwekufema, uye kurwadziwa pachipfuva.

• Kuyedza uye maitiro anoongorora mapapu anoshandiswa kuona (kuwana), kuongorora, uye kuyera kenza diki yemapapu yemapapu.

• Zvimwe zvinhu zvinokanganisa kufungidzira (mukana wekupora) uye sarudzo dzekurapa.

• Kune vazhinji varwere vane kenza diki yemapapu yemapapu, kurapwa kwazvino hakurape kenza.

Diki kenza yemapapu kenza chirwere umo mune yakaipa (gomarara) maseru anoumba mumatumbu emapapu.

Iyo mapapu ipara yenhengo dzakaumbika-dzakafemerwa nhengo dzinowanikwa muchipfuva. Mapapu anounza oxygen mumuviri kana iwe uchifemera mukati uye woburitsa carbon dioxide kana uchifema kunze. Mapapu ega ega ane zvikamu zvinonzi makobvu. Mapapu ekuruboshwe ane maruva maviri. Mapapu ekurudyi, ayo akati kurei zvishoma, ane matatu. Kamudzira katete kanonzi pleura kanokomberedza mapapu. Machubhu maviri anonzi bronchi anotungamira kubva kune trachea (windpipe) kuenda kurudyi uye kuruboshwe mapapu. Iyo bronchi dzimwe nguva inobatwawo nekenza yemapapu. Tubhupu tuduku tunonzi bronchioles uye tumasaga tudiki twemweya hunonzi alveoli zvinoita mukati memapapu.

Anatomy yeiyo nzira yekufema, inoratidza iyo trachea nemapapu ese maviri uye avo lobes uye mweya. Lymph node uye diaphragm inoratidzwawo. Oxygen inoputirwa mumapapu uye inopfuura nepakati pehutete hutete hwealveoli uye muropa (ona mufananidzo).

Kune mhando mbiri dzekenza yemapapu: diki kenza yemapapu kenza uye isiri-diki kenza yemapapu kenza.

Iyi pfupiso ndeye kenza diki yemukenza yemapapu uye kurapwa kwayo. Ona zvinotevera pfupiso dze kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezve kenza yemapapu:

• Isiri-Diki Sero Lung Cancer Kurapa

• Zvisina kujairika Cancers zveVana Kurapa

• Kenza Kenza Kudzivirira

• Lung Cancer Kuongorora

Kune maviri epamhando mikuru yekenza diki yemukenza yemapapu.

Mhando mbiri idzi dzinosanganisira dzakasiyana siyana dzemasero. Maseru egomarara erudzi rumwe nerumwe anokura nekupararira nenzira dzakasiyana. Mhando dzekenza diki remukenza yemapapu dzakatumidzwa mazita emhando dzemasero anowanikwa mukenza uye masero anotaridzika sei kana achionekwa pasi pe microscope:

• Diki sero carcinoma (oat kenza kenza).

• Yakabatanidzwa diki cell carcinoma.

Kusvuta ndicho chinhu chikuru chinokonzeresa kenza diki yemapapu yemapapu.

Chero chipi zvacho chinowedzera mukana wako wekutora chirwere chinonzi njodzi chinhu. Kuva nenjodzi hazvireve kuti uchawana gomarara; kusava nenjodzi hazvireve kuti hauzobatwe negomarara. Taura nachiremba wako kana iwe uchifunga kuti ungave uri panjodzi yekenza yemapapu.

Njodzi dzinokonzera kenza yemapapu dzinosanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kusvuta fodya, mapaipi, kana fodya, ikozvino kana munguva yakapfuura. Ichi ndicho chinonyanya kukosha njodzi yekenza yemapapu. Pakutanga muhupenyu munhu anotanga kusvuta, kazhinji munhu achiputa, uye kana munhu achinge aputa makore, ndipo paanowedzera njodzi yekenza yemapapu.

• Kuoneswa hutsi hwefodya.

• Kuiswa pachena kune asbestos, arsenic, chromium, beryllium, nickel, soot, kana tar munzvimbo yebasa.

• Kufumurwa kune radiation kubva kune chero chinotevera:

• Radiation kurapwa kuzamu kana chipfuva.

• Radon mumba kana kubasa.

• Kufungidzira bvunzo senge CT scans.

• Atomic bhomba radiation.

• Kugara iko kune kusvibiswa kwemhepo.

• Kuve nenhoroondo yemhuri yekenza yemapapu.

• Kutapukirwa nehutachiona hwehutachiona hwehutachiwana hwevanhu (HIV).

• Kutora beta carotene zvinowedzera uye kuva munhu anoputa zvakanyanya.

Kukwegura ndiyo njodzi huru kune vakawanda kanzira. Mukana wekubata cancer unowedzera paunenge uchikura.

Kana kusvuta kuchisanganiswa nezvimwe zvinenjodzi, njodzi yekenza yemapapu inowedzerwa.

Zviratidzo nezviratidzo zvekenza diki yemukenza yemapapu zvinosanganisira kukosora, kufema kwekufema, uye kurwadziwa pachipfuva.

Izvi uye zvimwe zviratidzo nezviratidzo zvinogona kukonzerwa nekenza diki yemukenza yemapapu kana nemamwe mamiriro. Tarisa nachiremba wako kana iwe uine chero chinotevera:

• Chifuva kusagadzikana kana kurwadziwa.

• Kukosora kusingaendi kana kutonyanya kuwedzera nekufamba kwenguva.

• Kunetseka kufema.

• Kushungurudza.

• Ropa mu sputum (mamasi akakosora kubva mumapapu)

• Kuchema.

• Dambudziko kumedza.

• Kupererwa nechido.

• Kurera huremu pasina chikonzero chinozivikanwa.

• Kunzwa kuneta chaizvo.

• Kuzvimba kumeso uye / kana tsinga mumutsipa.

Kuyedza uye maitiro anoongorora mapapu anoshandiswa kuona (kuwana), kuongorora, uye kuyera kenza diki yemapapu yemapapu.

Iyi inotevera bvunzo uye maitiro anogona kushandiswa:

• Kuongorora kwepanyama uye nhoroondo: Kuongororwa kwemuviri kutarisa zviratidzo zvehutano, kusanganisira kuongorora zviratidzo zvehosha, zvakadai semapundu kana chero chinhu chinoratidzika sechisina kujairika. Nhoroondo yehutano hwemurwere, kusanganisira kuputa, uye mabasa apfuura, zvirwere, uye kurapwa zvichatorwawo.

• Miedzo yeLaborari: Maitiro ekurapa anoedza sampu yetishu, ropa, weti, kana zvimwe zvinhu mumuviri. Aya maedzo anobatsira kuongorora chirwere, kuronga uye kutarisa kurapwa, kana kuongorora chirwere ichi nekufamba kwenguva.

• Chest x-ray: X-ray yenhengo nemapfupa mukati mechipfuva. X-ray imhando yesimba remagetsi rinogona kupfuura nemuviri uye kupinda mufirimu, richiita mufananidzo wenzvimbo dziri mukati memuviri.

X-ray yechipfuva. X-ray inoshandiswa kutora mifananidzo yenhengo nemapfupa echipfuva. X-ray inopfuura nemurwere kupinda mufirimu.

• CT scan (CAT scan) yeuropi, chipfuva, uye dumbu: Maitiro anoita akateedzana emifananidzo yakajeka yenzvimbo dziri mukati memuviri, inotorwa kubva kwakasiyana mativi. Mifananidzo yacho inogadzirwa nekombuta yakabatana neiyo x-ray muchina. Dhayi inogona kuiswa jekiseni kana kumedzwa kubatsira nhengo kana zvinyama kuratidza zvakajeka. Iyi nzira inonziwo computed tomography, computerized tomography, kana komputa axial tomography.

• Sputum cytology: Iyo microscope inoshandiswa kutarisa maseru ekenza mune sputum (mamasi akakosora kubva mumapapu).

• Biopsy: Kubviswa kwemasero kana zvinyama kuitira kuti vagone kutariswa pasi pe microscope nachiremba wekutarisa zviratidzo zvecancer. Nzira dzakasiyana dzebhiopsy dzinogona kuitwa dzinosanganisira zvinotevera:

• Fine-sindano aspiration (FNA) biopsy yemapapu: Kubviswa kwetishu kana fluid kubva mumapapu, uchishandisa tsono nhete. A CT scan, ultrasound, kana imwe nzira yekufungidzira inoshandiswa kuwana iyo isina kujairika nyama kana fluid mupapu. Chinhu chidiki chinogona kuburitswa muganda umo tsono yebiopsy inoiswa mune isina kujairika nyama kana fluid. Muenzaniso unobviswa netsono wotumirwa kurabhoritari. Nyanzvi yezvirwere anozoona muyenzaniso pasi pe microscope kutsvaga masero ekenza. X-ray yechipfuva inoitwa mushure mekuita kuti uone kuti hapana mhepo iri kubuda kubva mupapu ichienda muchipfuva.

Yakanaka-tsono yekutsvaira biopsy yemapapu. Murwere akarara patafura inotsvedza nemuchina wecomputer tomography (CT), unotora mifananidzo yeX-ray yemukati memuviri. Iyo x-ray mifananidzo inobatsira chiremba kuti aone pane iyo isina kujairika nyama iri mumapapu. Tsono yebhiopsy inoiswa kuburikidza nechidziro chechipfuva uye munzvimbo yemapapu asina kujairika. Chidimbu chidiki chetishu chinobviswa kuburikidza netsono uye chinotariswa pasi pe microscope kuti dzive nezviratidzo zvecancer.

• Bronchoscopy: Maitiro ekutarisa mukati me trachea uye makuru emhepo mumapapu enzvimbo dzisina kujairika. Bronchoscope inoiswa kuburikidza nemhuno kana muromo mu trachea nemapapu. Bronchoscope chishoma, chubhu-senge chiridzwa chine mwenje uye lens yekuona. Iyo inogona zvakare kuve nechishandiso chekubvisa matissue sampuli, ayo anoongororwa pasi pe microscope yezviratidzo zvegomarara.

Bronchoscopy. Bronchoscope inoiswa kuburikidza nemuromo, trachea, uye bronchi huru mumapapu, kutsvaga nzvimbo dzisina kujairika. Bronchoscope chishoma, chubhu-senge chiridzwa chine mwenje uye lens yekuona. Inogona zvakare kuve nechinhu chekucheka. Masampuli enyama anogona kutorwa kuti aongororwe pasi pe microscope yezviratidzo zvehosha.

• Thoracoscopy: Nzira yekuvhiya yekutarisa nhengo dziri mukati mechipfuva kuti utarise nzvimbo dzisina kujairika. Iko kucheka (kucheka) kunoitwa pakati pembabvu mbiri, uye thoracoscope inoiswa mubhokisi. Iyo thoracoscope chinhu chakaonda, chubhu-senge chiedza chine mwenje nelenzi yekutarisa. Inogona zvakare kuve nechishandiso chekubvisa tishu kana lymph node samples, inoongororwa pasi pe microscope yezviratidzo zvegomarara. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, maitiro aya anoshandiswa kubvisa chikamu cheyophagus kana mapapu. Kana mamwe matukisi, nhengo, kana lymph node isingakwanise kusvikwa, thoracotomy inogona kuitwa. Mune maitiro aya, kucheka kukuru kunoitwa pakati pembabvu uye chipfuva chinovhurwa.

• Thoracentesis: Kubviswa kwemvura kubva panzvimbo iri pakati pechidzitiro chechipfuva nemapapu, uchishandisa tsono. Nyanzvi yezvirwere anoona fluid ari pasi pe microscope kutsvaga maseru ekenza.

• Mediastinoscopy: Nzira yekuvhiya yekutarisa nhengo, zvinyama, uye lymph node pakati pemapapu enzvimbo dzisina kujairika. Kuchekwa (kucheka) kunoitwa nechepamusoro pechipfuva uye mediastinoscope inoiswa mubhokisi. Mediastinoscope chishoma, chubhu-senge chiridzwa chine mwenje uye lens yekuona. Inogona zvakare kuve nechishandiso chekubvisa tishu kana lymph node samples, inoongororwa pasi pe microscope yezviratidzo zvegomarara.

• Chiedza uye elektroni microscopy: Kuongororwa kwerabhoritari umo masero ari mune imwe sampu yetishu anoonekwa pasi pemaikorosikopu akajairwa uye akakwirira-simba kuti atsvage kumwe kushanduka mumasero.

• Immunohistochemistry: Kuongororwa kwerabhoritari inoshandisa masoja ekudzivirira mamwe maantigen (mamaki) mune imwe sampuro yetishu yemurwere. Masoja ekudzivirira chirwere anowanzo sunganidzwa ne enzyme kana dhayi ye fluorescent. Mushure mekunge maantibodies akasunga kune yakasarudzika antigen mune yeiyo sampuli, iyo enzyme kana dhayi inogoneswa, uye iyo antigen inogona kuzoonekwa pasi pe microscope. Rudzi urwu rweyedzo runoshandiswa kubatsira kuongorora gomarara uye kubatsira kutaurira imwe mhando yekenza kubva kune imwe mhando yegomarara.

Zvimwe zvinhu zvinokanganisa kufungidzira (mukana wekupora) uye sarudzo dzekurapa.

Kufungidzira (mukana wekupora) uye sarudzo dzekurapa dzinoenderana nezvinotevera:

• Chikamu checancer (ingave chiri muchipfuva chete kana chakapararira kune dzimwe nzvimbo mumuviri).

• Zera remurwere, murume kana mukadzi, uye hutano hwese.

Kune vamwe varwere, kufungidzira kunoenderana nekuti murwere anorapwa neese chemotherapy uye radiation.

Kune vazhinji varwere vane kenza diki yemapapu yemapapu, kurapwa kwazvino hakurape kenza.

Kana kenza yemapapu ikawanikwa, varwere vanofanirwa kufunga nezve kutora chikamu mune imwe yemakiriniki miedzo iri kuitiswa kunatsiridza kurapwa. Makiriniki miedzo iri kuitika munzvimbo zhinji dzenyika kune varwere vane nhanho dzese dzekenza diki remukenza yemapapu. Ruzivo nezve inoenderera kiriniki miedzo inowanikwa kubva kuCI webhusaiti

Matanho eDiki Cell Lung Cancer

PFUNGWA DZINOKOSHA

• Mushure mekunge kenza yemapapu yemapapu yaonekwa, kuongororwa kunoitwa kuti uone kana masero ekenza apararira mukati mechipfuva kana kune zvimwe zvikamu zvemuviri.

• Pane nzira nhatu dzinopararira negomarara mumuviri.

• Gomarara rinogona kutapukira kubva kwarakatanga kuenda kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.

• Aya matanho anotevera anoshandiswa nekenza diki yemukenza yemapapu:

• Yakatemerwa-Chikamu Chikamu Chidiki Chemapapu Kenza

• Yakakura-Chikamu Chikamu Chidiki Chemapapu Kenza

Mushure mekunge kenza yemapapu yemapapu yaonekwa, kuongororwa kunoitwa kuti uone kana masero ekenza apararira mukati mechipfuva kana kune zvimwe zvikamu zvemuviri.

Maitiro anoshandiswa kutsvaga kana kenza yapararira mukati mechipfuva kana kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri inonzi staging. Ruzivo rwakaunganidzwa kubva munzira yekugadzwa rinotara danho rechirwere. Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive nhanho kuitira kuronga kurapwa. Mimwe yemiedzo inoshandiswa kuongorora diki kenza yemapapu kenza inoshandiswa zvakare kuratidza chirwere. (Ona iyo Ruzivo Ruzhinji chikamu.)

Mimwe bvunzo nemaitiro angangoshandiswa mukugadzirisa matanho anosanganisira anotevera:

• MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) yeuropi: Maitiro anoshandisa magineti, masaisai eredhiyo, uye komputa kugadzira akateedzana emifananidzo yakajeka yenzvimbo dziri mukati memuviri. Iyi nzira inonziwo nyukireya magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI).

• CT scan (CAT scan): Maitiro anoita akateedzana emifananidzo yakajeka yenzvimbo dziri mukati memuviri, senge huropi, chipfuva kana chepamusoro dumbu, chakatorwa kubva kumakona akasiyana. Mifananidzo yacho inogadzirwa nekombuta yakabatana neiyo x-ray muchina. Dhayi inogona kuiswa jekiseni kana kumedzwa kubatsira nhengo kana zvinyama kuratidza zvakajeka. Iyi nzira inonziwo computed tomography, computerized tomography, kana komputa axial tomography.

• PET scan (positron emission tomography scan): Iyo nzira yekuwana yakaipa malonda maseru mumuviri. Chishoma che radioactive glucose (shuga) inoiswa mutsinga. Iyo PET scanner inotenderera yakatenderedza muviri uye inogadzira mufananidzo wepo glucose iri kushandiswa mumuviri. Malignant tumarara maseru anoratidza kupenya mumufananidzo nekuti anoshanda uye anotora glucose yakawanda kupfuura zvinoita maseru akajairwa. PET scan uye CT scan inogona kuitwa panguva imwe chete. Iyi inonzi PET-CT.

• Bone scan: Maitiro ekutarisa kana paine nekukurumidza kupatsanura masero, senge kenza maseru, mupfupa. Chinhu chidiki kwazvo che radioactive chakabayiwa mutsinga uye chinofamba neropa. Iyo radioactive zvinhu inounganidza mumapfupa nekenza uye inoonekwa ne scanner.

Pane nzira nhatu dzinopararira negomarara mumuviri.

Kenza inogona kupararira kuburikidza nematinji, iyo lymph system, uye neropa:

• Tishu. Kenza inopararira kubva kwayakatanga nekukura ichipinda munzvimbo dziri pedyo.

• Lymph maitiro. Kenza inopararira kubva kwayakatanga nekupinda muiyo lymph system. Kenza inofamba nemumidziyo yema lymph ichienda kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.

• Ropa. Kenza inopararira kubva payakatanga nekupinda muropa. Kenza inofamba nemidzi yeropa ichienda kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.

Gomarara rinogona kutapukira kubva kwarakatanga kuenda kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.

Kana kenza ikapararira kune chimwe chikamu chemuviri, inonzi metastasis. Cancer maseru anotsemuka kubva kwaakatanga (iro bundu rekutanga) uye achifamba kuburikidza neye lymph system kana ropa.

• Lymph maitiro. Gomarara rinopinda mu "lymph system", rinofamba nemumidziyo ye "lymph", uye rinogadzira bundu (metastatic tumor) mune chimwe chikamu chemuviri.

• Ropa. Kenza inopinda muropa, inofamba nemutsinga dzeropa, yoita bundu (metastatic tumor) mune chimwe chikamu chemuviri.

Iyo metastatic bundu irwo rudzi rwecancer seyakanyanya bundu. Semuenzaniso, kana kenza diki yemapapu yemapapu ikapararira ichienda kuuropi, masero ekenza ari muuropi ari maseru emukenza emapapu. Hosha iyi metastatic diki sero kenza yemapapu, kwete kenza yeuropi.

Aya matanho anotevera anoshandiswa nekenza diki yemukenza yemapapu:

Yakatemerwa-Chikamu Chikamu Chidiki Chemapapu Kenza

Muchikamu chakaganhurirwa, gomarara riri mumapapu kwayakatanga uye inogona kunge yakapararira kunzvimbo iri pakati pemapapu kana kune ma lymph node pamusoro pekora.

Yakakura-Chikamu Chikamu Chidiki Chemapapu Kenza

Mune yakakura-nhanho, gomarara rapararira kupfuura mapapu kana nzvimbo iri pakati pemapapu kana ma lymph node pamusoro pekora kune dzimwe nzvimbo mumuviri.

Inowanzoitika Diki Cell Lung Cancer

Kazhinji kenza yemapapu yemukenza igomarara rakadzokazve (radzoka) mushure mekurapwa. Gomarara rinogona kudzoka muchipfuva, pakati, kana mune mamwe mativi emuviri.

Kurapa Sarudzo Kuongorora

PFUNGWA DZINOKOSHA

• Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzekurapa kwevarwere vane diki kenza yemapapu kenza.

• Mhando nhanhatu dzekurapwa kwakajairika dzinoshandiswa:

• Kuvhiya

• Chemotherapy

• Radiation kurapa

• Immunotherapy

• Laser kurapa

• Endoscopic stent kuiswa

• Mhando nyowani dzekurapa dziri kuyedzwa mumakiriniki ekuedzwa.

• Kurapa kwekenza kenza yemapapu kunogona kukonzera mhedzisiro.

• Varwere vangangoda kufunga nezve kutora chikamu mukutora kiriniki.

• Varwere vanogona kupinda mumakiriniki miedzo vasati, panguva, kana mushure mekutanga kwavo kenza kurapwa.

• Yekutevera-bvunzo inogona kudikanwa.

Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzekurapa kwevarwere vane diki kenza yemapapu kenza.

Mhando dzakasiyana dzekurapa dzinowanikwa kune varwere vane diki kenza yemapapu kenza. Mamwe marapirwo akajairwa (iko kurapwa kwazvino kwashandiswa), uye kumwe kuedzwa mumakiriniki ekuedzwa A kurapwa kiriniki kuyedzwa chidzidzo chekutsvaga chakaitirwa kubatsira kuvandudza marapirwo azvino kana kuwana ruzivo marapirwo matsva evarwere vane gomarara. Kana kiriniki miedzo ikaratidza kuti kurapwa kutsva kuri nani pane kwese kurapwa, kurapwa kutsva kunogona kuve kwakajairwa kurapwa. Varwere vangangoda kufunga nezve kutora chikamu mukutora kiriniki. Mimwe miedzo yekiriniki yakavhurwa chete kune varwere vasina kutanga kurapwa.

Mhando nhanhatu dzekurapwa kwakajairika dzinoshandiswa:

Kuvhiya

Kuvhiya kunogona kushandiswa kana gomarara richiwanikwa mune rimwe mapapu uye mune ma lymph node ari padyo chete. Nekuti rudzi urwu rwegomarara remapapu runowanzo kuwanikwa mumapapu ese, kuvhiyiwa chete hakuwanzoshandiswa. Munguva yekuvhiyiwa, chiremba achabvisa ma "lymph node" kuti aone kana vaine kenza mavari. Dzimwe nguva, kuvhiyiwa kunogona kushandiswa kubvisa muyenzaniso wemapapu tishu kuti uwane chaiyo mhando yekenza yemapapu.

Mushure mekunge chiremba abvisa kenza yese inoonekwa panguva yekuvhiyiwa, vamwe varwere vanogona kupihwa chemotherapy kana radiation radiation mushure mekuvhiyiwa kuuraya chero gomarara maseru akasara. Mushonga wakapihwa mushure mekuvhiyiwa, kudzikisa njodzi yekuti gomarara richadzoka, inonzi adjuvant therapy.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy mushonga wekenza unoshandisa mishonga kumisa kukura kwemasero ekenza, kungave nekuuraya maseru kana nekuamisa iwo kubva pakupatsanuka. Kana chemotherapy ikatorwa nemuromo kana kujowa mutsinga kana mhasuru, mishonga inopinda muropa uye inogona kusvika masero emukenza mumuviri wese (systemic chemotherapy). Kana chemotherapy ikaiswa yakanangana necerebrospinal fluid, nhengo, kana dumbu remuviri senge dumbu, iwo madhiragi anonyanya kukanganisa cancer maseru munzvimbo idzodzo (remunharaunda chemotherapy). Nzira iyo chemotherapy inopihwa inoenderana nerudzi uye nhanho yekenza iri kurapwa.

Ona Zvinodhaka Zvinotenderwa Kwekenza Diki Sema Kenza kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo.

Radiation kurapa

Radiation kurapa kurapwa kenza iyo inoshandisa yakakwira-simba x-rays kana mamwe marudzi e radiation kuuraya cancer maseru kana kuachengeta iwo kuti asakure. Kune mhando mbiri dze radiation radiation:

• External radiation therapy inoshandisa muchina uri kunze kwemuviri kutumira radiation kune kenza.

• Yemukati radiation kurapwa kunoshandisa radioactive chinhu chakavharirwa mune tsono, mhodzi, waya, kana makateti anoiswa akananga mukati kana padyo nekenza.

Maitiro ekurapwa nemwaranzi anoenderana nerudzi uye nhanho yekenza iri kurapwa. External radiation therapy inoshandiswa kurapa kenza diki yemapapu yemapapu, uye inogona zvakare kushandiswa senge palliative kurapwa kubvisa zviratidzo uye nekuvandudza hupenyu hwehupenyu. Radiation kurapa kuuropi kudzikisira njodzi iyo cancer inopararira kuuropi inogona zvakare kupihwa.

Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy kurapwa kunoshandisa immune system yemurwere kurwisa gomarara. Zvinhu zvinogadzirwa nemuviri kana kugadzirwa murabhoritari zvinoshandiswa kusimudzira, kunongedza, kana kudzorera kudzivirira kwemuviri kurwisa kenza. Rudzi rwekurapa kenza urwu rwunonziwo biotherapy kana biologic therapy.

Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy rudzi rwe immunotherapy:

• Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: Dzimwe mhando dzemasero ekudzivirira muviri, senge T maseru, uye mamwe maseru emukenza ane mamwe mapuroteni, anonzi ekuongorora mapuroteni, pamusoro pavo anochengetedza mhinduro dzemumuviri. Kana masero ekenza aine huwandu hwakawanda hweaya mapuroteni, haazorwiswa nekuuraiwa nemaT seli. Immune checkpoint inhibitors inovhara mapuroteni aya uye kugona kwemasero eT kuuraya maseru ekenza kunowedzerwa. Ivo anoshandiswa kurapa vamwe varwere vane epamberi diki-maseru kenza yemapapu.

Kune maviri marudzi e immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy:

• CTLA-4 inhibitor: CTLA-4 ipuroteni iri pamusoro peT maseru ayo anobatsira kuchengetedza mhinduro dzemumuviri. CTLA-4 painobatirira kune imwe protein inonzi B7 pane kenza kenza, inomisa iyo T cell kuuraya kenza kenza. CTLA-4 inhibitors inonamira kuCTLA-4 uye inobvumira iwo maseru eT kuuraya maseru ekenza Ipilimumab rudzi rweCTLA-4 inhibitor.

Immune checkpoint inhibitor. Checkpoint mapuroteni, akadai seB7-1 / B7-2 pane antigen-anouya maseru (APC) uye CTLA-4 pane T maseru, anobatsira kuchengetedza mhinduro dzemumuviri. Kana iyo T-cell receptor (TCR) inosunga kune antigen uye makuru histocompatibility complex (MHC) mapuroteni paAPC uye CD28 inosunga kuna B7-1 / B7-2 paAPC, iyo T cell inogona kumisikidzwa. Nekudaro, kusunga kweB7-1 / B7-2 kusvika CTLA-4 kunoita kuti maT cell ari munzvimbo isingashande saka havakwanise kuuraya maseru emota mumuviri (kuruboshwe pani). Kuvhara kusunga kweB7-1 / B7-2 kusvika CTLA-4 ine immune checkpoint inhibitor (anti-CTLA-4 antibody) inobvumira iwo maseru eT kuti ave anoshanda uye kuuraya tumarara maseru (kurudyi pani).

• PD-1 inhibitor: PD-1 ipuroteni iri pamusoro peT maseru ayo anobatsira kuchengetedza mhinduro dzemumuviri. Kana PD-1 yakanamatira kune imwe protein inonzi PDL-1 pane kenza kenza, inomisa iyo T cell kuuraya kenza kenza. PD-1 inhibitors inonamira kuPDL-1 uye inobvumira iwo maseru eT kuuraya maseru ekenza. Pembrolizumab uye nivolumab mhando dze PD-1 inhibitors.

Immune checkpoint inhibitor. Checkpoint mapuroteni, akadai sePD-L1 pane maseru emota uye PD-1 pane T maseru, anobatsira kuchengetedza mhinduro dzemumuviri. Iko kusungwa kwePD-L1 kusvika PD-1 kunoita kuti masero eT arege kuuraya tumarara maseru mumuviri (kuruboshwe pani). Kuvhara kusunga kwePD-L1 kusvika PD-1 ine immune checkpoint inhibitor (anti-PD-L1 kana anti-PD-1) inobvumira iwo maseru eT kuuraya matumbo maseru (kurudyi pani).

Ona Zvinodhaka Zvinotenderwa Kwekenza Diki Sema Kenza kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo.

Laser kurapa

Laser kurapa mushonga wekenza unoshandisa laser beam (danda rakamanikana rechiedza chakanyanya) kuuraya cancer maseru.

Endoscopic stent kuiswa

Endoscope mudziyo mutete, wakaita sechubhu unoshandiswa kutarisa zvinyama mukati memuviri. Endoscope ine mwenje nelenzi yekutarisa uye inogona kushandiswa kuisa stent muchiumbwa chemuviri kuchengetedza chimiro chakavhurika. Iyo endoscopic stent inogona kushandiswa kuvhura nzira yemhepo yakavharirwa neasina kujairika nyama.

Mhando nyowani dzekurapa dziri kuyedzwa mumakiriniki ekuedzwa.

Ruzivo nezve kiriniki miedzo inowanikwa kubva kuNCI webhusaiti.

Kurapa kwekenza kenza yemapapu kunogona kukonzera mhedzisiro. Kuti uwane ruzivo nezve mhedzisiro inokonzerwa nekurapwa kwegomarara, ona yedu Side Mhedzisiro peji.

Varwere vangangoda kufunga nezve kutora chikamu mukutora kiriniki.

Kune vamwe varwere, kutora chikamu mumuedzo wekiriniki inogona kunge iri sarudzo yekurapa yakanyanya kunaka. Kliniki miedzo chikamu chekenza tsvagiridzo. Zvemakiriniki miedzo inoitwa kuti uone kana marapirwo matsva egomarara akachengeteka uye achishanda kana zvirinani pane akajairwa kurapwa.

Mazhinji emazuva ano marapirwo akajairwa ekenza akavakirwa pamavambo emakiriniki ekuedzwa. Varwere vanotora chikamu mukuyedzwa kwekiriniki vanogona kuwana kurapwa kwakaringana kana kuve pakati pevekutanga kurapwa kutsva.

Varwere vanotora chikamu mumiedzo yekiriniki zvakare vanobatsira kugadzirisa marapirwo achaitwa kenza mune ramangwana. Kunyangwe kana miedzo yemakiriniki isinga tangire kumarapirwo matsva anoshanda, anowanzo pindura mibvunzo yakakosha uye anobatsira kufambisira mberi kutsvagurudza.

Varwere vanogona kupinda mumakiriniki miedzo vasati, panguva, kana mushure mekutanga kwavo kenza kurapwa.

Mimwe miedzo yekiriniki inosanganisira chete varwere vasati vagamuchira kurapwa. Mimwe miedzo yekuedza kurapwa kwevarwere vane kenza haina kuve nani. Kune mamwezve emakiriniki miedzo inoedza nzira nyowani dzekumisa cancer kubva kudzokororazve (kudzoka) kana kudzikisira mhedzisiro yemakenza kurapwa.

Kuedzwa kwemakiriniki kuri kuitika munzvimbo zhinji dzenyika. Ruzivo nezve kiriniki miedzo inotsigirwa neNCI inogona kuwanikwa paNCI yekiriniki miedzo yekutsvaga peji rewebhu. Kliniki miedzo inotsigirwa nemamwe masangano inogona kuwanikwa pane yeClinicalTrials.gov webhusaiti.

Yekutevera-bvunzo inogona kudikanwa.

Mimwe miedzo yakaitwa kuongorora gomarara kana kutsvaga danho rekenza inogona kudzokororwa. Dzimwe bvunzo dzinodzokororwa kuitira kuti vaone kuti kurapa kuri kushanda sei. Sarudzo nezvekuti uenderere mberi, shandura, kana kumisa kurapwa kunogona kunge kuchibva pamhedzisiro yeiyi bvunzo.

Mimwe bvunzo ichaenderera ichiitwa nguva nenguva mushure mekunge kurapwa kwapera. Mhedzisiro yeiyi bvunzo inogona kuratidza kana mamiriro ako achinja kana kana gomarara radzoka (dzoka). Iyi bvunzo dzimwe nguva inonzi yekuteedzera-bvunzo kana kuongorora-kumusoro.

Kurapa Sarudzo nedanho

Muchikamu chino

• Yakatemerwa-Chikamu Chikamu Chidiki Chemapapu Kenza

• Yakakura-Chikamu Chikamu Chidiki Chemapapu Kenza

Kuti uwane ruzivo nezve marapirwo akanyorwa pazasi, ona iyo Chikamu Sarudzo Yekutarisa Chikamu.

Yakatemerwa-Chikamu Chikamu Chidiki Chemapapu Kenza

Kurapa kwekanzuru-chikamu chidiki chemukenza wemapapu kenza kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kusanganiswa chemotherapy uye radiation radiation kubhokisi. Radiation kurapa kuuropi kunogona gare gare kupihwa kune varwere vane yakazara mhinduro.

• Kusanganiswa chemotherapy chete kune varwere vasingakwanise kupihwa radiation radiation.

• Kuvhiya kunoteverwa nekemotherapy.

• Kuvhiya kunoteverwa nekemotherapy uye radiation radiation.

• Radiation kurapwa kuuropi inogona kupihwa kune varwere vakave nemhinduro yakakwana, kudzivirira kupararira kwegomarara kuuropi.

• Clinical miedzo yekemotherapy nyowani, kuvhiya, uye kurapwa kwemwaranzi.

Shandisa yedu kiriniki yekuyedza kutsvaga kutsvaga NCI-yakatsigirwa kenza kiriniki miedzo iri kugamuchira varwere. Unogona kutsvaga miedzo zvichibva parudzi rwecancer, zera remurwere, uye iko kunoitwa miyedzo. Ruzhinji ruzivo nezve zvekuedzwa zvekiriniki zvakare zviripo.

Yakakura-Chikamu Chikamu Chidiki Chemapapu Kenza

Kurapa kwekwakakura-chikamu chidiki chemukenza wemapapu kenza kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kusanganiswa chemotherapy.

• Radiation kurapa kuuropi, musana, pfupa, kana zvimwe zvikamu zvemuviri uko kenza yapararira, senzira yekurapa yekubvisa zviratidzo uye nekuvandudza hupenyu hwehupenyu.

• Radiation kurapa kuchipfuva kunogona kupihwa kune varwere vanopindura chemotherapy.

• Radiation kurapwa kuuropi inogona kupihwa kune varwere vakave nemhinduro yakakwana, kudzivirira kupararira kwegomarara kuuropi.
• Clinical miedzo yemishonga mitsva ne chemotherapy kana immunotherapy ine immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Shandisa yedu kiriniki yekuyedza kutsvaga kutsvaga NCI-yakatsigirwa kenza kiriniki miedzo iri kugamuchira varwere. Unogona kutsvaga miedzo zvichibva parudzi rwecancer, zera remurwere, uye iko kunoitwa miyedzo. Ruzhinji ruzivo nezve zvekuedzwa zvekiriniki zvakare zviripo.

Kurapa Sarudzo dzeKunodzokorodza Diki Cell Lung Cancer

Kuti uwane ruzivo nezve marapirwo akanyorwa pazasi, ona iyo Chikamu Sarudzo Yekutarisa Chikamu.

Kurapa kwekenza kanowanzoita kenza yemapapu yemapapu kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Chemotherapy.

• Immunotherapy ine immune checkpoint inhibitors.

• Radiation kurapa senge palliative kurapa kubvisa zviratidzo uye nekuvandudza hupenyu hwehupenyu.

• Laser Therapy, stent placement yekuchengetedza nzira dzekufema dzakavhurika, uye / kana yemukati radiation radiation senzira yekurapa yekurapa kubvisa zviratidzo uye nekuvandudza hupenyu hwehupenyu.

• Clinical miedzo yemakemikari matsva ekurapa.

Shandisa yedu kiriniki yekuyedza kutsvaga kutsvaga NCI-yakatsigirwa kenza kiriniki miedzo iri kugamuchira varwere. Unogona kutsvaga miedzo zvichibva parudzi rwecancer, zera remurwere, uye iko kunoitwa miyedzo. Ruzhinji ruzivo nezve zvekuedzwa zvekiriniki zvakare zviripo.

Kuti udzidze Zvakawanda Nezve Diki Cell Lung Cancer

Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo kubva kuNational Cancer Institute nezve diki kenza yemapapu kenza, ona zvinotevera:

• Lung Cancer Kumba Peji

• Kenza Kenza Kudzivirira

• Lung Cancer Kuongorora

• Zvinodhaka Zvinotenderwa Kwechidiki Cell Cell Lung Cancer

• Fodya (inosanganisira rubatsiro nekurega)

• Kusvuta Fodya: Njodzi dzehutano uye Maitiro Ekurega

• Hutsi hweChipiri neCancer

Kuti uwane ruzivo rwekenza uye zvimwe zviwanikwa kubva kuNational Cancer Institute, ona zvinotevera:

• Nezve Kenza

• Stage

• Chemotherapy uye Iwe: Tsigiro Yevanhu Vane Kenza

• Radiation Therapy uye Iwe: Rutsigiro rweVanhu Vane Kenza

• Kurarama neCancer

• Mibvunzo Yekubvunza Wako Chiremba nezveCancer

• Kune Vakapona uye Vanotarisira