Mhando / musoro-uye-mutsipa / murwere / mukuru / muromo-muromo-kurapwa-pdq

Lip uye Oral Cavity Cancer Kurapa (Adult) Shanduro

Ruzivo Ruzhinji Nezve Lip uye Oral Cavity Cancer

PFUNGWA DZINOKOSHA

• Kemuromo uye yemukanwa mhango kenza chirwere mune iyo yakaipa (cancer) maseru anoumba mumiromo kana mukanwa.

• Fodya uye kushandisa doro zvinogona kukanganisa njodzi yemuromo uye yemukanwa mhino kenza.

• Zviratidzo zvemuromo nemukanwa wemukanwa wemukanwa zvinosanganisira chironda kana bundu pamiromo kana mumuromo.

• Kuyedza kunoongorora muromo nehuro kunoshandiswa kuona (tsvaga), kuongorora, uye nhanho yemuromo uye yemukanwa yemukanwa kenza.

• Zvimwe zvinhu zvinokanganisa kufungidzira (mukana wekupora) uye sarudzo dzekurapa.

Kemuromo uye yemukanwa mhango kenza chirwere mune iyo yakaipa (cancer) maseru anoumba mumiromo kana mukanwa.

Iyo yemuromo mhango inosanganisira zvinotevera:

• Iko kumberi zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu zverurimi.

• Iyo gingiva (matadza).

• Iyo buccal mucosa (iyo yekunze yemukati yematama).

• Iyo pasi (pasi) yemuromo pasi perurimi.

• Iyo yakaoma palate (padenga remuromo).

• Iyo retromolar trigone (iyo diki nzvimbo kuseri kwemazino ehungwaru).

Anatomy yemuromo wemuromo. Iyo yemuromo mhango inosanganisira iyo miromo, yakaoma palate (iyo bony kumberi chikamu chedenga remuromo), nyoro palate (iyo yemhasuru kumashure chikamu chedenga remuromo), retromolar trigone (nzvimbo iri kuseri kwemazino ehungwaru), kumberi maviri -tatu rurimi, gingiva (matadza), buccal mucosa (iyo yemukati yakadzika yemiromo nematama), uye pasi pemuromo pasi perurimi.

Kazhinji kenza yemuromo neyemuromo inokatyamara inotanga mumaseru anokatyamadza, maseru matete, akati sandara anonamira mukati memiromo nemumuromo. Aya anonzi squamous cell carcinomas. Cancer maseru anogona kupararira kuita zvakadzama tishu kenza ichikura. Squamous cell carcinoma inowanzo kukura munzvimbo dze leukoplakia (machena machena emasero asingasviki).

Kemuromo uye yemukanwa mhango kenza rudzi rwemusoro negomarara gomarara

Fodya uye kushandisa doro zvinogona kukanganisa njodzi yemuromo uye yemukanwa mhino kenza.

Chero chipi zvacho chinowedzera njodzi yako yekuwana chirwere chinonzi njodzi chinhu. Kuva nenjodzi hazvireve kuti uchawana gomarara; kusava nenjodzi hazvireve kuti hauzobatwe negomarara. Taura nachiremba wako kana iwe uchifunga kuti ungave uri panjodzi. Njodzi zvinhu zvemuromo uye zvemukanwa mhango kenza zvinosanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kushandisa zvigadzirwa zvefodya.

• Kunwa doro zvakanyanya.

• Kuburitswa muzuva rezuva kana chakagadzirwa chezuva (senge kubva pamabhedha ekuchenesa) kwenguva yakareba.

• Kuva murume.

Zviratidzo zvemuromo nemukanwa wemukanwa wemukanwa zvinosanganisira chironda kana bundu pamiromo kana mumuromo.

Izvi nezvimwe zviratidzo uye zviratidzo zvinogona kukonzerwa nemuromo uye nemukanwa mhino kenza kana nezvimwe mamiriro. Tarisa nachiremba wako kana iwe uine chero chinotevera:

• Ronda pamuromo kana mumuromo risingarape.

• Bundu kana kuunyana pamiromo kana pamatadza kana mumuromo.

• Chichena chena kana chitsvuku pamatadza, rurimi, kana maronda emuromo.

• Kubuda ropa, kurwadziwa, kana kuti chiveve mumuromo kana mukanwa.

• Chinja nezwi.

• Mazino akasununguka kana mazino ekuti haachakwanike zvakanaka.

• Dambudziko rekutsenga kana kumedza kana kufambisa rurimi kana shaya.

• Kuzvimba kwesaya.

• Huro inorwadza kana kunzwa kuti pane chakabatwa pahuro.

Kemuromo uye yemukanwa mhango kenza inogona kunge isina chero zviratidzo uye dzimwe nguva inowanikwa panguva yekugara uchiongorora mazino.

Kuyedza kunoongorora muromo nehuro kunoshandiswa kuona (tsvaga), kuongorora, uye nhanho yemuromo uye yemukanwa yemukanwa kenza.

Iyi inotevera bvunzo uye maitiro anogona kushandiswa:

• Kuongorora kwepanyama kwemiromo uye muromo wemuromo: Kuongorora kutarisa miromo uye muromo wemuromo kune nzvimbo dzisina kujairika. Chiremba wezvechiremba kana chiremba wemazino anonzwa mukati mese memuromo nechigunwe chakapfekerwa uye ongorora mukanwa medu negirazi diki-rakareba-ruoko nemwenje. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuongorora mukati mematama nemiromo; matadza; denga uye pasi pemuromo; uye kumusoro, pasi, uye mativi erurimi. Mutsipa unonzwika nekuda kwekuzvimba lymph node. Nhoroondo yehutano hwemurwere uye kurwara zvakapfuura uye zvekurapa uye zvemazino kurapwa zvichatorwawo.

• Endoscopy: Maitiro ekutarisa nhengo uye zvinyama mukati memuviri kutarisa nzvimbo dzisina kujairika. Endoscope inoiswa kuburikidza nekucheka (kucheka) paganda kana kuvhura mumuviri, senge muromo. Endoscope chishoma, chubhu-senge chiridzwa chine mwenje uye lens yekuona. Inogona zvakare kuve nechishandiso chekubvisa tishu kana lymph node sampuli, dzinoongororwa pasi pe microscope kuti dzive nezviratidzo zvehosha.

• Biopsy: Kubviswa kwemasero kana zvinyama kuti zvigone kutariswa pasi pe microscope nachiremba. Kana leukoplakia ikawanikwa, masero anotorwa kubva pazvimedu anotariswawo pasi pe microscope kuti aone zviratidzo zvegomarara.

• Exfoliative cytology: Maitiro ekutora maseru kubva pamuromo kana pamuromo mhango. Chidimbu chekotoni, bhurasho, kana kamuti kadiki kanoshandiswa kupuruzira zvinyoronyoro maseru kubva pamiromo, rurimi, muromo, kana huro. Masero anotariswa pasi pe microscope kuti aone kana asina kujairika

• MRI (magnetic resonance imaging): Maitiro anoshandisa magineti, masaisai eredhiyo, uye komputa kugadzira yakateedzana mifananidzo yakajeka yenzvimbo dziri mukati memuviri. Iyi nzira inonziwo nyukireya magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI).

• CT scan (CAT scan): Maitiro anoita akateedzana emifananidzo yakajeka yenzvimbo dziri mukati memuviri, inotorwa kubva kumakona akasiyana. Mifananidzo yacho inogadzirwa nekombuta yakabatana neiyo x-ray muchina. Dhayi inogona kuiswa jekiseni kana kumedzwa kubatsira nhengo kana zvinyama kuratidza zvakajeka. Iyi nzira inonziwo computed tomography, computerized tomography, kana komputa axial tomography.

Computed tomography (CT) scan yemusoro nemutsipa. Murwere akarara patafura inotsvedza kuburikidza neCT scanner, iyo inotora x-ray mifananidzo yemukati memusoro nemutsipa.

• Barium kumedza: Akateedzana e-ray-yegurokuro uye mudumbu. Murwere anonwa mvura ine barium (sirivheri-chena esimbi mukomboni). Iyo yemvura inofukidza iyo esophagus uye x-ray inotorwa. Maitiro aya anonzi zvakare epamusoro GI akateedzana.

• PET scan (positron emission tomography scan): Iyo nzira yekuwana yakaipa malonda maseru mumuviri. Chishoma che radioactive glucose (shuga) inoiswa mutsinga. Iyo PET scanner inotenderera yakatenderedza muviri uye inogadzira mufananidzo wepo glucose iri kushandiswa mumuviri. Malignant tumarara maseru anoratidza kupenya mumufananidzo nekuti anoshanda uye anotora glucose yakawanda kupfuura zvinoita maseru akajairwa.

• Bone scan: Maitiro ekutarisa kana paine nekukurumidza kupatsanura masero, senge kenza maseru, mupfupa. Chinhu chidiki kwazvo che radioactive chakabayiwa mutsinga uye chinofamba neropa. Iyo radioactive zvinhu inounganidza mumapfupa nekenza uye inoonekwa ne scanner.

Zvimwe zvinhu zvinokanganisa kufungidzira (mukana wekupora) uye sarudzo dzekurapa.

Kufungidzira (mukana wekupora) kunoenderana nezvinotevera:

• Chikamu checancer.

• Iko iko bundu riri mumuromo kana mukanwa mhango.

• Kunyangwe kenza yapararira kune tsinga dzeropa.

Kune varwere vanoputa, mukana wekupora zvirinani kana vakarega kuputa vasati vatanga kurapwa kwemwaranzi.

Sarudzo dzekurapa dzinoenderana nezvinotevera:

• Chikamu checancer.

• Kukura kwebundu uye kwaari mumuromo kana mukanwa mhango.

• Kunyangwe chitarisiko chemurwere uye kugona kutaura nekudya zvinogona kuramba zvakangofanana.

• Zera remurwere uye hutano hwese.

Varwere vakave nemuromo uye nemukanwa mhanza kenza vane njodzi yakawedzera yekuita gomarara repiri mumusoro kana mutsipa. Kakawanda uye nekuchenjerera kuteedzera kwakakosha. Zvemakiriniki miedzo irikudzidza mashandisiro etinoid zvinodhaka kudzora njodzi yechipiri musoro nemutsipa kenza. Ruzivo nezve inoenderera kiriniki miedzo inowanikwa kubva kuCI webhusaiti

Matanho eMiromo uye Oral Cavity Cancer

PFUNGWA DZINOKOSHA

• Mushure mekunge gomarara remuromo nemumuromo raonekwa, kuongororwa kunoitwa kuti uone kana maseru ekenza apararira mukati memuromo nemumuromo kana kune zvimwe zvikamu zvemuviri.

• Pane nzira nhatu dzinopararira negomarara mumuviri.

• Gomarara rinogona kutapukira kubva kwarakatanga kuenda kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.

• Matanho anotevera anoshandiswa pamuromo nemumuromo wemukanwa kenza.

• Chikamu 0 (Carcinoma muSitu)

• Chikamu I

• Chikamu II

• Chikamu chechitatu

• Chikamu IV

Mushure mekunge gomarara remuromo nemumuromo raonekwa, kuongororwa kunoitwa kuti uone kana maseru ekenza apararira mukati memuromo nemumuromo kana kune zvimwe zvikamu zvemuviri.

Maitiro anoshandiswa kutsvaga kana gomarara rapararira mukati memuromo nemumuromo kana kune zvimwe zvikamu zvemuviri zvinodaidzwa kunzi staging. Ruzivo rwakaunganidzwa kubva munzira yekugadzwa rinotara danho rechirwere. Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive nhanho kuitira kuronga kurapwa. Mhedzisiro yema bvunzo anoshandiswa kuongorora gomarara remuromo nemukanwa anoshandiswawo kuratidza chirwere. (Ona iyo Ruzivo Ruzhinji chikamu.)

Pane nzira nhatu dzinopararira negomarara mumuviri.

Kenza inogona kupararira kuburikidza nematinji, iyo lymph system, uye neropa:

• Tishu. Kenza inopararira kubva kwayakatanga nekukura ichipinda munzvimbo dziri pedyo.

• Lymph maitiro. Kenza inopararira kubva kwayakatanga nekupinda muiyo lymph system. Kenza inofamba nemumidziyo yema lymph ichienda kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.

• Ropa. Kenza inopararira kubva payakatanga nekupinda muropa. Kenza inofamba nemidzi yeropa ichienda kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.

Gomarara rinogona kutapukira kubva kwarakatanga kuenda kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.

Kana kenza ikapararira kune chimwe chikamu chemuviri, inonzi metastasis. Cancer maseru anotsemuka kubva kwaakatanga (iro bundu rekutanga) uye achifamba kuburikidza neye lymph system kana ropa.

• Lymph maitiro. Gomarara rinopinda mu "lymph system", rinofamba nemumidziyo ye "lymph", uye rinogadzira bundu (metastatic tumor) mune chimwe chikamu chemuviri.

• Ropa. Kenza inopinda muropa, inofamba nemutsinga dzeropa, yoita bundu (metastatic tumor) mune chimwe chikamu chemuviri.

Iyo metastatic bundu irwo rudzi rwecancer seyakanyanya bundu. Semuenzaniso, kana kenza yemuromo ichipararira kuenda kumapapu, masero ekenza mumapapu ndiwo maseru emukenza emuromo. Hosha iyi metastatic kenza yemuromo, kwete cancer yemapapu.

Matanho anotevera anoshandiswa pamuromo nemumuromo wemukanwa kenza.

Chikamu 0 (Carcinoma muSitu)

Muchikamu chechipiri, masero asina kujairika anowanikwa mumucheto wemiromo uye nemumuromo mhango. Aya maseru asina kujairika anogona kuva cancer uye achipararira mune zvinyama zviri pedyo. Chikamu 0 chinonziwo carcinoma in situ.

Saizi yemamota inowanzo kuyerwa mukati masendimita (cm) kana inches. Zvekudya zvakajairika zvinogona kushandiswa kuratidza kukura kwemarara mumasendimita zvinosanganisira: pizi (1 cm), nzungu (2 cm), mazambiringa (3 cm), walnuts (4 cm), lime (5 cm kana 2 masendimita), zai (6 cm), peach (7 cm), uye grapefruit (10 cm kana 4 inches).

Chikamu I

Muchikamu chekutanga, kenza yakaumbwa. Bundu iri 2 masendimita kana madiki uye iyo yakadzika poindi yekumukira kubaya ndeye 5 mamirimita kana mashoma.

Saizi yemamota inowanzo kuyerwa mumamilimita (mm) kana masendimita. Zvakajairika zvinhu zvinogona kushandiswa kuratidza bundu kukura mum mm zvinosanganisira: inopinza penzura poindi (1 mm), krayoni nyowani poindi (2 mm), penzura-pamusoro paser (5 mm), pizi (10 mm), a nzungu (20 mm), uye lime (50 mm).

Chikamu II

Muchikamu chechipiri, bundu:

• iri 2 masendimita kana diki uye iyo yakadzika poindi yekupinda kwemota yakakura kupfuura mamirimita mashanu; kana

• yakakura kudarika masendimita maviri asi isingasviki masendimita mana uye nzvimbo yakadzika kwazvo yekubata bundu iri mamirimita gumi kana pasi.

Chikamu chechitatu

Muchikamu chechitatu, bundu:

• yakakura kudarika masendimita maviri asi isingasviki masendimita mana uye nzvimbo yakadzika kwazvo yekubata bundu inopfuura mamirimita gumi; kana

• yakakura kudarika masendimita mana uye iyo yakadzika poindi yekumhanyisa bundu iri 10 mamirimita kana zvichidzika; kana

• yakapararira kune imwe lymph node iyo iri 3 masendimita kana diki, kudivi rimwe chete remutsipa sedumbu rekutanga.

Chikamu IV

Chikamu IV chakakamurwa muzvikamu IVA, IVB, uye IVC.

• Muchikamu cheIVA, bundu:

• yakakura kudarika masendimita mana uye iyo yakadzika poindi yekupinda kwemota yakakura kupfuura mamirimita gumi; kana gomarara rapararira kumusoro kwekunze kweshaya repamusoro kana rezasi, mukati mechipfuva chechivi, kana kuganda rechiso. Kenza inogona kunge yakapararira kune imwe node node iyo iri masendimita matatu kana diki, kudivi rimwe chete remutsipa sedumbu rekutanga; kana

• chero saizi kana gomarara rapararira kumusoro kwekunze kweshaya repamusoro kana rezasi, mukati mechipfuva chechivi, kana kuganda rechiso. Kenza yapararira:

• kune imwe lymph node iyo iri 3 masendimita kana diki, kudivi rimwe chete remutsipa sedumbu rekutanga, uye gomarara rapararira kuburikidza nekuvharira kwekunze kweiyo node node kupinda munyama inosangana; kana

• kune imwe lymph node yakakura kupfuura masendimita matatu asi isina kukura kupfuura masendimita matanhatu, kudivi rimwe chete remutsipa sedumbu rekutanga; kana

• kune akawanda ma "lymph node" asina kukura kupfuura masendimita matanhatu, kudivi rimwe chete remutsipa sedumbu rekutanga; kana

• kune akawanda ma "lymph node" asina kukura kupfuura masendimita matanhatu, kune rimwe divi remutsipa sedumbu rekutanga kana pamativi ese emutsipa.

• Muchikamu IVB, bundu:

• yakapararira kune imwe lymph node yakakura kudarika masendimita matanhatu; kana

• yakapararira kune imwe lymph node yakakura kudarika masendimita matatu, kudivi rimwe chete remutsipa sedumbu rekutanga, uye gomarara rapararira kuburikidza nekuvharidzira kwekunze kweiyo lymph node muzvinyama zviri pedyo. kana

• yakapararira kune imwe lymph node yehukuru hwese kudivi rakatarisana remutsipa sedumbu rekutanga, uye gomarara rapararira kuburikidza nekuvharidzira kwekunze kweiyo lymph node muzvipenga zviri pedyo kana

• yakapararira kune akawanda ma "lymph node" chero kupi muhuro, uye gomarara rapararira kuburikidza nekuvharidzira kwekunze kweiyo chero lymph node mune inosangana matishu; kana

• yakapararira mberi mumhasuru kana mapfupa anodiwa pakutsenga, kana kuchikamu chepfupa re sphenoid kuseri kweshaya yekumusoro, uye / kana kune artery carotid padyo nepasi pehenya. Gomarara rinogona kunge rakapararira kune rimwe kana mamwe ma "lymph node" ehukuru hwese, chero pamutsipa.

• Muchikamu IVC, bundu:

• yakapararira kupfuura muromo kana muromo wemuromo kune zvimwe zvikamu zvemuviri, zvakadai semapapu, chiropa, kana pfupa.

Dzokororo Lip uye Oral Cavity Cancer

Kakawanda yemuromo uye yemukanwa mhango gomarara igomarara rakadzokazve (kudzoka) mushure mekurapwa. Gomarara rinogona kudzoka mumuromo kana mukanwa kana mune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.

Kurapa Sarudzo Kuongorora

PFUNGWA DZINOKOSHA

• Kune akasiyana marudzi ekurapa kwevarwere vane muromo uye wemukanwa mhango kenza.

• Varwere vane remuromo uye remukanwa mhango gomarara vanofanirwa kurapwa kwavo kwakarongwa nechikwata chevanachiremba vane hunyanzvi pakurapa gomarara remusoro nemutsipa.

• Mhando mbiri dzekurapa kwakajairika dzinoshandiswa:

• Kuvhiya

• Radiation kurapa

• Mhando nyowani dzekurapa dziri kuyedzwa mumakiriniki ekuedzwa.

• Chemotherapy

• Hyperfractionated radiation kurapwa

• Hyperthermia kurapa

• Kurapa kwemuromo uye wemukanwa mhango kenza kunogona kukonzera mhedzisiro.

• Varwere vangangoda kufunga nezve kutora chikamu mukutora kiriniki.

• Varwere vanogona kupinda mumakiriniki miedzo vasati, panguva, kana mushure mekutanga kwavo kenza kurapwa.

• Yekutevera-bvunzo inogona kudikanwa.

Kune akasiyana marudzi ekurapa kwevarwere vane muromo uye wemukanwa mhango kenza.

Mhando dzakasiyana dzekurapa dziripo kune varwere vane muromo uye wemukanwa mhango kenza. Mamwe marapirwo akajairwa (iko kurapwa kwazvino kwashandiswa), uye kumwe kuedzwa mumakiriniki ekuedzwa A kurapwa kiriniki kuyedzwa chidzidzo chekutsvaga chakaitirwa kubatsira kuvandudza marapirwo azvino kana kuwana ruzivo marapirwo matsva evarwere vane gomarara. Kana kiriniki miedzo ikaratidza kuti kurapwa kutsva kuri nani pane kwese kurapwa, kurapwa kutsva kunogona kuve kwakajairwa kurapwa. Varwere vangangoda kufunga nezve kutora chikamu mukutora kiriniki. Mimwe miedzo yekiriniki yakavhurwa chete kune varwere vasina kutanga kurapwa.

Varwere vane remuromo uye remukanwa mhango gomarara vanofanirwa kurapwa kwavo kwakarongwa nechikwata chevanachiremba vane hunyanzvi pakurapa gomarara remusoro nemutsipa.

Kurapa kuchazotarisirwa nachiremba oncologist, chiremba uyo ane hunyanzvi hwekurapa vanhu vane gomarara. Nekuti iyo miromo uye yemuromo mhango yakakosha pakufema, kudya, uye kutaura, varwere vangangoda rubatsiro rwakakosha kugadzirisa kune mhedzisiro yekenza uye kurapwa kwayo. Wekurapa oncologist anogona kuendesa murwere kune vamwe vashandi vehutano vane hunyanzvi hwekudzidziswa mukurapa kwevarwere vane kenza yemusoro neyemutsipa. Izvi zvinosanganisira zvinotevera:

• Musoro uye mutsipa anovhiya.

• Radiation oncologist.

• Chiremba wemazino.

• Kutaura murapi.

• Dietitian.

• Nyanzvi yezvepfungwa.

• Rehabilitation nyanzvi.

• Chiremba wepurasitiki.

Mhando mbiri dzekurapa kwakajairika dzinoshandiswa:

Kuvhiya

Kuvhiya (kubvisa kenza mukuvhiya) kurapwa kwakajairika kune ese matanho emuromo uye emukanwa mhango yekenza. Kuvhiya kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kunakidzwa kwese kwenzvimbo: Kubviswa kwekenza uye zvimwe zvezvinyama zvine hutano zvakakomberedza. Kana gomarara rapararira kuva pfupa, kuvhiya kunogona kusanganisira kubviswa kweanobatanidzwa mapfupa tishu.

• Neck dissection: Kubviswa kwema lymph node uye mamwe matishu mumutsipa. Izvi zvinoitwa kana kenza inogona kunge yakapararira kubva pamuromo nemumuromo.

• Kuvhiya kwepurasitiki: Kuvhiya kunodzorera kana kunatsiridza kutaridzika kwezvikamu zvemuviri. Kuisa mazino, kubatanidzwa kweganda, kana kumwe kuvhiyiwa kwepurasitiki kunogona kudikanwa kugadzirisa zvikamu zvemuromo, huro, kana mutsipa mushure mekubviswa kwemamota makuru.

Mushure mekunge chiremba abvisa kenza yese inoonekwa panguva yekuvhiyiwa, vamwe varwere vanogona kupihwa chemotherapy kana radiation radiation mushure mekuvhiyiwa kuuraya chero gomarara maseru akasara. Mushonga wakapihwa mushure mekuvhiyiwa, kudzikisa njodzi yekuti gomarara richadzoka, inonzi adjuvant therapy.

Radiation kurapa

Radiation kurapa kurapwa kenza iyo inoshandisa yakakwira-simba x-rays kana mamwe marudzi e radiation kuuraya cancer maseru kana kuachengeta iwo kuti asakure. Kune mhando mbiri dze radiation radiation:

• External radiation therapy inoshandisa muchina uri kunze kwemuviri kutumira radiation kune kenza.

Kunze-danda radiation kurapwa kwemusoro nemutsipa. Mushini unoshandiswa kunongedza mwenje wemagetsi ane simba pane kenza. Mushini unogona kutenderera uchitenderera murwere, uchiendesa mwaranzi kubva kumakona mazhinji akasiyana kuti upe kurapwa kwakaringana. Iyo mesh mask inobatsira kuchengetedza musoro nemutsipa wemurwere kubva pakufamba panguva yekurapwa. Madiki inki mamaki anoiswa pamask. Iwo inki mamaki anoshandiswa kumisikidza iyo radiation radiation mune imwecheteyo nzvimbo pamberi pega kurapwa.

• Yemukati radiation kurapwa kunoshandisa radioactive chinhu chakavharirwa mune tsono, mhodzi, waya, kana makateti anoiswa akananga mukati kana padyo nekenza.

Maitiro ekurapwa nemwaranzi anoenderana nerudzi uye nhanho yekenza iri kurapwa. Kunze uye kwemukati kurapwa kwemwaranzi kunoshandiswa kurapa gomarara remuromo nemuromo.

Radiation kurapwa kunogona kushanda zvirinani kune varwere vakamira kuputa vasati vatanga kurapwa. Izvo zvakakoshawo kuti varwere vaongororwe mazino kurapwa kwemwaranzi kusati kwatanga, kuitira kuti matambudziko aripo agone kurapwa.

Mhando nyowani dzekurapa dziri kuyedzwa mumakiriniki ekuedzwa.

Ichi chidimbu chikamu chinotsanangura kurapwa kuri kuongororwa mumakiriniki ekuedzwa. Zvinogona kusataura nezveese marapirwo matsva ari kuongororwa. Ruzivo nezve kiriniki miedzo inowanikwa kubva kuNCI webhusaiti.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy mushonga wekenza unoshandisa mishonga kumisa kukura kwemasero ekenza, kungave nekuuraya maseru kana nekumisa maseru kubva pakupatsanuka. Kana chemotherapy ikatorwa nemuromo kana kujowa mutsinga kana mhasuru, mishonga inopinda muropa uye inogona kusvika masero emukenza mumuviri wese (systemic chemotherapy). Kana chemotherapy ikaiswa yakanangana necerebrospinal fluid, nhengo, kana dumbu remuviri senge dumbu, iwo madhiragi anonyanya kukanganisa cancer maseru munzvimbo idzodzo (remunharaunda chemotherapy). Nzira iyo chemotherapy inopihwa inoenderana nerudzi uye nhanho yekenza iri kurapwa.

Hyperfractionated radiation kurapwa

Hyperfractionated radiation kurapwa kurapwa kwemwaranzi umo muyero wezve radiation unogovaniswa muzvidiki zvidiki uye marapirwo anopiwa kanopfuura kamwe pazuva.

Hyperthermia kurapa

Hyperthermia kurapa kurapwa uko nyama yemuviri inopisa pamusoro peyakajairika tembiricha kukuvadza uye kuuraya maseru ekenza kana kuita kuti maseru egomarara anyanye kugadzikana nemhedzisiro yemwaranzi uye mimwe mishonga inorwisa cancer.

Kurapa kwemuromo uye wemukanwa mhango kenza kunogona kukonzera mhedzisiro.

Kuti uwane ruzivo nezve mhedzisiro inokonzerwa nekurapwa kwegomarara, ona yedu Side Mhedzisiro peji.

Varwere vangangoda kufunga nezve kutora chikamu mukutora kiriniki.

Kune vamwe varwere, kutora chikamu mumuedzo wekiriniki inogona kunge iri sarudzo yekurapa yakanyanya kunaka. Kliniki miedzo chikamu chekenza tsvagiridzo. Zvemakiriniki miedzo inoitwa kuti uone kana marapirwo matsva egomarara akachengeteka uye achishanda kana zvirinani pane akajairwa kurapwa.

Mazhinji emazuva ano marapirwo akajairwa ekenza akavakirwa pamavambo emakiriniki ekuedzwa. Varwere vanotora chikamu mukuyedzwa kwekiriniki vanogona kuwana kurapwa kwakaringana kana kuve pakati pevekutanga kurapwa kutsva.

Varwere vanotora chikamu mumiedzo yekiriniki zvakare vanobatsira kugadzirisa marapirwo achaitwa kenza mune ramangwana. Kunyangwe kana miedzo yemakiriniki isinga tangire kumarapirwo matsva anoshanda, anowanzo pindura mibvunzo yakakosha uye anobatsira kufambisira mberi kutsvagurudza.

Varwere vanogona kupinda mumakiriniki miedzo vasati, panguva, kana mushure mekutanga kwavo kenza kurapwa.

Mimwe miedzo yekiriniki inosanganisira chete varwere vasati vagamuchira kurapwa. Mimwe miedzo yekuedza kurapwa kwevarwere vane kenza haina kuve nani. Kune mamwezve emakiriniki miedzo inoedza nzira nyowani dzekumisa cancer kubva kudzokororazve (kudzoka) kana kudzikisira mhedzisiro yemakenza kurapwa.

Kuedzwa kwemakiriniki kuri kuitika munzvimbo zhinji dzenyika. Ruzivo nezve kiriniki miedzo inotsigirwa neNCI inogona kuwanikwa paNCI yekiriniki miedzo yekutsvaga peji rewebhu. Kliniki miedzo inotsigirwa nemamwe masangano inogona kuwanikwa pane yeClinicalTrials.gov webhusaiti.

Yekutevera-bvunzo inogona kudikanwa.

Mimwe miedzo yakaitwa kuongorora gomarara kana kutsvaga danho rekenza inogona kudzokororwa. Dzimwe bvunzo dzinodzokororwa kuitira kuti vaone kuti kurapa kuri kushanda sei. Sarudzo nezvekuti uenderere mberi, shandura, kana kumisa kurapwa kunogona kunge kuchibva pamhedzisiro yeiyi bvunzo.

Mimwe bvunzo ichaenderera ichiitwa nguva nenguva mushure mekunge kurapwa kwapera. Mhedzisiro yeiyi bvunzo inogona kuratidza kana mamiriro ako achinja kana kana gomarara radzoka (dzoka). Iyi bvunzo dzimwe nguva inonzi yekuteedzera-bvunzo kana kuongorora-kumusoro.

Kurapa Sarudzo nedanho

Muchikamu chino

• Stage I Lip uye Oral Cavity Kenza

• Stage II Lip uye Oral Cavity Kenza

• Stage III Lip uye Oral Cavity Kenza

• Stage IV Lip uye Oral Cavity Kenza

Kuti uwane ruzivo nezve marapirwo akanyorwa pazasi, ona iyo Chikamu Sarudzo Yekutarisa Chikamu.

Stage I Lip uye Oral Cavity Kenza

Kurapa kwedanho I muromo uye wemukanwa mhango kenza zvinoenderana nekuti kenza inowanikwa kupi mumuromo nemumuromo mhango.

Muromo

Kana kenza iri mumuromo, kurapwa kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kuvhiya (yakawandisa yemukati kubviswa).

• Yemukati radiation kurapa pamwe kana kunze kwekunze radiation kurapwa.

Mberi kwerurimi

Kana gomarara riri pamberi porurimi, kurapwa kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kuvhiya (yakawandisa yemukati kubviswa).

• Yemukati radiation kurapa pamwe kana kunze kwekunze radiation kurapwa.

• Radiation kurapa kune lymph node mumutsipa.

Buccal mucosa

Kana kenza iri mubuccal mucosa (iyo yekumusoro kwemukati yematama), kurapwa kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kuvhiya (yakawandisa yemukati kubviswa) kwemamota madiki pane 1 sentimita, iine kana isina yemukati uye / kana yekunze radiation kurapwa

• Kuvhiya (yakawandisa yemukati kubviswa neganda kubatanidza) kana radiation radiation yeakakura mamota.

Pasi pemuromo

Kana gomarara riri pasi (pasi) remuromo, kurapwa kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kuvhiya (yakafararira yemuno kubviswa) kwemamota madiki pane ½ sentimita.

• Kuvhiya (yakawandisa yemukati kubviswa) kana radiation radiation yeakakura mamota.

Lower gingiva

Kana gomarara riri muzasi gingiva (matadza), kurapwa kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kuvhiya (yakawandisa yemukati kubviswa, uko kunogona kusanganisira kubvisa chikamu cheshaya, uye ganda kubatanidzwa).

• Radiation kurapwa pamwe kana pasina kuvhiyiwa.

Retromolar trigone

Kana gomarara riri mune retromolar trigone (iyo diki nzvimbo iri kumashure kwemazino ehungwaru), kurapwa kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kuvhiya (yakawandisa yemukati kuburitsa, iyo inogona kusanganisira kubvisa chikamu cheshaya.)

• Radiation kurapwa pamwe kana pasina kuvhiyiwa.

Kumusoro gingiva kana kuoma mukanwa

Kana gomarara riri kumusoro gingiva (matadza) kana mukanwa wakaoma (denga remuromo), kurapwa kunowanzo kuvhiyiwa (kuwanda kwemukati kutsemura) uine kana pasina radiation radiation.

Shandisa yedu kiriniki yekuyedza kutsvaga kutsvaga NCI-yakatsigirwa kenza kiriniki miedzo iri kugamuchira varwere. Unogona kutsvaga miedzo zvichibva parudzi rwecancer, zera remurwere, uye iko kunoitwa miyedzo. Ruzhinji ruzivo nezve zvekuedzwa zvekiriniki zvakare zviripo.

Stage II Lip uye Oral Cavity Kenza

Kurapa kwedanho II muromo uye wemukanwa mhango kenza zvinoenderana nekenza inowanikwa mumuromo nemumuromo.

Muromo

Kana kenza iri mumuromo, kurapwa kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kuvhiya (yakawandisa yemukati kubviswa).

• External radiation therapy uye / kana yemukati radiation kurapwa.

Mberi kwerurimi

Kana gomarara riri pamberi porurimi, kurapwa kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Radiation kurapa uye / kana kuvhiyiwa (yakawandisa yemuno kubviswa).

• Yemukati radiation kurapwa pamwe nekuvhiyiwa (mutsipa dissection).

Buccal mucosa

Kana kenza iri mubuccal mucosa (iyo yekumusoro kwemukati yematama), kurapwa kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Radiation kurapa kwemamota ayo ari 3 masendimita kana madiki.

• Kuvhiya (yakawandisa yemukati kubviswa) uye / kana radiation radiation yeakakura mamota.

Pasi pemuromo

Kana gomarara riri pasi (pasi) remuromo, kurapwa kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kuvhiya (yakawandisa yemukati kubviswa).

• Radiation kurapa.

• Kuvhiya (kuwanda kwenzvimbo kubviswa) kunoteverwa nevekunze radiation kurapwa, iine kana isina yemukati radiation kurapwa, kune makuru mamota

Lower gingiva

Kana gomarara riri muzasi gingiva (matadza), kurapwa kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kuvhiya (yakawandisa yemukati kubviswa, uko kunogona kusanganisira kubvisa chikamu cheshaya, uye ganda kubatanidzwa).

• Radiation kurapa chete kana mushure mekuvhiyiwa.

Retromolar trigone

Kana gomarara riri mune retromolar trigone (iyo diki nzvimbo iri kumashure kwemazino ehungwaru), kurapwa kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kuvhiya (yakawandisa yemukati kubviswa, uko kunosanganisira kubvisa chikamu cheshaya).

• Radiation kurapwa pamwe kana pasina kuvhiyiwa.

Kumusoro gingiva kana kuoma mukanwa

Kana gomarara riri kumusoro gingiva (matadza) kana mukanwa makaomarara (denga remuromo), kurapwa kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kuvhiya (yakafararira yemuno kubviswa) ine kana isina radiation radiation.

• Radiation kurapa chete.

Shandisa yedu kiriniki yekuyedza kutsvaga kutsvaga NCI-yakatsigirwa kenza kiriniki miedzo iri kugamuchira varwere. Unogona kutsvaga miedzo zvichibva parudzi rwecancer, zera remurwere, uye iko kunoitwa miyedzo. Ruzhinji ruzivo nezve zvekuedzwa zvekiriniki zvakare zviripo.

Stage III Lip uye Oral Cavity Kenza

Kurapa kwedanho III muromo uye wemukanwa mhango gomarara zvinoenderana nekenza inowanikwa mumuromo nemumuromo.

Muromo

Kana kenza iri mumuromo, kurapwa kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kuvhiya uye kwekunze radiation kurapwa pamwe kana pasina yemukati radiation kurapwa.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwechemotherapy usati waitwa kana mushure mekuvhiyiwa.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwechemotherapy uye radiation radiation.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kweiyo hyperfractionated radiation kurapwa.

Mberi kwerurimi

Kana gomarara riri pamberi porurimi, kurapwa kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• External radiation therapy ine kana isina yemukati radiation kurapwa.

• Kuvhiya (kuwanda kwenzvimbo kubvisirwa) kuchiteverwa nemwaranzi kurapwa.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwechemotherapy uye radiation radiation.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kweiyo hyperfractionated radiation kurapwa.

Buccal mucosa

Kana kenza iri mubuccal mucosa (iyo yekumusoro kwemukati yematama), kurapwa kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kuvhiya (yakafararira yemuno kubviswa) ine kana isina radiation radiation.

• Radiation kurapa.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwechemotherapy usati waitwa kana mushure mekuvhiyiwa.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwechemotherapy uye radiation radiation.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kweiyo hyperfractionated radiation kurapwa.

Pasi pemuromo

Kana gomarara riri pasi (pasi) remuromo, kurapwa kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kuvhiya (yakawandisa yemukati kuburitsa, iyo inogona kusanganisira kubvisa chikamu cheshaya, iine kana isina mutsipa kubvarura).

• External radiation therapy ine kana isina yemukati radiation kurapwa.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwechemotherapy usati waitwa kana mushure mekuvhiyiwa.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwechemotherapy uye radiation radiation.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kweiyo hyperfractionated radiation kurapwa.

Lower gingiva

Kana gomarara riri muzasi gingiva (matadza), kurapwa kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kuvhiya (yakafararira yemuno kubviswa) ine kana isina radiation radiation. Radiation inogona kupihwa usati kana mushure mekuvhiyiwa.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwechemotherapy uye radiation radiation.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kweiyo hyperfractionated radiation kurapwa.

Retromolar trigone

Kana gomarara riri mune retromolar trigone (iyo diki nzvimbo iri kumashure kwemazino ehungwaru), kurapwa kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kuvhiya kubvisa bundu, lymph node, uye chikamu cheshaya, ine kana isina radiation radiation.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwechemotherapy usati waitwa kana mushure mekuvhiyiwa.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwechemotherapy uye radiation radiation.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kweiyo hyperfractionated radiation kurapwa.

Kumusoro gingiva

Kana gomarara riri kumusoro gingiva (matadza), kurapwa kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Radiation kurapa.

• Kuvhiya (yakawandisa yemuno kubviswa) uye radiation radiation.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwechemotherapy uye radiation radiation.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kweiyo hyperfractionated radiation kurapwa.

Akaoma mukanwa

Kana kenza iri mumukanwa wakaoma (denga remuromo), kurapwa kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Radiation kurapa.

• Kuvhiya (yakafararira yemuno kubviswa) ine kana isina radiation radiation.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwechemotherapy uye radiation radiation.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kweiyo hyperfractionated radiation kurapwa.

Node nhengo

Kune kenza inogona kunge yakapararira kune lymph node, kurapwa kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Radiation therapy uye / kana kuvhiyiwa (mutsipa dissection).

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwechemotherapy uye radiation radiation.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kweiyo hyperfractionated radiation kurapwa.

Shandisa yedu kiriniki yekuyedza kutsvaga kutsvaga NCI-yakatsigirwa kenza kiriniki miedzo iri kugamuchira varwere. Unogona kutsvaga miedzo zvichibva parudzi rwecancer, zera remurwere, uye iko kunoitwa miyedzo. Ruzhinji ruzivo nezve zvekuedzwa zvekiriniki zvakare zviripo.

Stage IV Lip uye Oral Cavity Kenza

Kurapa kwematanho IVA, IVB, uye IVC muromo uye wemuromo kenza yemukanwa zvinoenderana nekenza inowanikwa mumuromo nemumuromo.

Muromo

Kana kenza iri mumuromo, kurapwa kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kuvhiya uye kwekunze radiation kurapwa pamwe kana pasina yemukati radiation kurapwa.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwechemotherapy uye radiation radiation.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwechemotherapy usati waitwa kana mushure mekuvhiyiwa.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kweiyo hyperfractionated radiation kurapwa.

Mberi kwerurimi

Kana gomarara riri pamberi porurimi, kurapwa kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kuvhiya kubvisa rurimi uye dzimwe nguva larynx (izwi bhokisi) iine kana isina radiation radiation.

• Radiation kurapa senge palliative kurapa kubvisa zviratidzo uye nekuvandudza hupenyu hwehupenyu.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwechemotherapy uye radiation radiation.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwechemotherapy usati waitwa kana mushure mekuvhiyiwa.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kweiyo hyperfractionated radiation kurapwa.

Buccal mucosa

Kana kenza iri mubuccal mucosa (iyo yekumusoro kwemukati yematama), kurapwa kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kuvhiya (yakawandisa yemuno kubviswa) uye / kana radiation radiation.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwechemotherapy uye radiation radiation.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwechemotherapy usati waitwa kana mushure mekuvhiyiwa.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kweiyo hyperfractionated radiation kurapwa.

Pasi pemuromo

Kana gomarara riri pasi (pasi) remuromo, kurapwa kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kuvhiya pamberi kana mushure mekurapa nemwaranzi.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwechemotherapy uye radiation radiation.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwechemotherapy usati waitwa kana mushure mekuvhiyiwa.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kweiyo hyperfractionated radiation kurapwa.

Lower gingiva

Kana gomarara riri muzasi gingiva (matadza), kurapwa kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kuvhiya uye / kana radiation radiation.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwechemotherapy uye radiation radiation.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwechemotherapy usati waitwa kana mushure mekuvhiyiwa.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kweiyo hyperfractionated radiation kurapwa.

Retromolar trigone

Kana gomarara riri mune retromolar trigone (iyo diki nzvimbo iri kumashure kwemazino ehungwaru), kurapwa kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kuvhiya kubvisa bundu, lymph node, uye chikamu cheshaya, kuchiteverwa ne radiation radiation.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwechemotherapy uye radiation radiation.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwechemotherapy usati waitwa kana mushure mekuvhiyiwa.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kweiyo hyperfractionated radiation kurapwa.

Kumusoro gingiva kana kuoma mukanwa

Kana gomarara riri kumusoro gingiva (matadza) kana palate yakaoma (denga remuromo), kurapwa kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kuvhiya ne radiation radiation.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwechemotherapy uye radiation radiation.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwechemotherapy usati waitwa kana mushure mekuvhiyiwa.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kweiyo hyperfractionated radiation kurapwa.

Node nhengo

Kune kenza inogona kunge yakapararira kune lymph node, kurapwa kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Radiation therapy uye / kana kuvhiyiwa (mutsipa dissection).

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwechemotherapy uye radiation radiation.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwechemotherapy usati waitwa kana mushure mekuvhiyiwa.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kweiyo hyperfractionated radiation kurapwa.

Shandisa yedu kiriniki yekuyedza kutsvaga kutsvaga NCI-yakatsigirwa kenza kiriniki miedzo iri kugamuchira varwere. Unogona kutsvaga miedzo zvichibva parudzi rwecancer, zera remurwere, uye iko kunoitwa miyedzo. Ruzhinji ruzivo nezve zvekuedzwa zvekiriniki zvakare zviripo.

Kurapa Sarudzo dzeRecurrent Lip uye Oral Cavity Cancer

Kuti uwane ruzivo nezve marapirwo akanyorwa pazasi, ona iyo Chikamu Sarudzo Yekutarisa Chikamu.

Kurapa kwemuromo uye muromo wemukenza kenza inogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kuvhiya, kana radiation radiation yakamboshandiswa.

• Kuvhiya uye / kana radiation radiation, kana kuvhiyiwa kwaishandiswa kare.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwechemotherapy ine kana isina radiation radiation.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwehyperthermia kurapa.

Shandisa yedu kiriniki yekuyedza kutsvaga kutsvaga NCI-yakatsigirwa kenza kiriniki miedzo iri kugamuchira varwere. Unogona kutsvaga miedzo zvichibva parudzi rwecancer, zera remurwere, uye iko kunoitwa miyedzo. Ruzhinji ruzivo nezve zvekuedzwa zvekiriniki zvakare zviripo.

Kuti udzidze Zvakawanda Nezve Lip uye Oral Cavity Cancer

Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo kubva kuNational Cancer Institute nezve gomarara nemuromo wemukanwa, ona zvinotevera:

• Musoro uye Neck Cancer Kumba Peji

• Oral Cavity, Pharyngeal, uye Laryngeal Cancer Kudzivirira

• Oral Cavity, Pharyngeal, uye Laryngeal Cancer Kuongorora

• Oral Matambudziko eKemotherapy uye Musoro / Neck Radiation

• Musoro uye Neck Cancers

• Fodya (inosanganisira rubatsiro nekurega)

Kuti uwane ruzivo rwekenza uye zvimwe zviwanikwa kubva kuNational Cancer Institute, ona zvinotevera:

• Nezve Kenza

• Stage

• Chemotherapy uye Iwe: Tsigiro Yevanhu Vane Kenza

• Radiation Therapy uye Iwe: Rutsigiro rweVanhu Vane Kenza

• Kurarama neCancer

• Mibvunzo Yekubvunza Wako Chiremba nezveCancer

• Kune Vakapona uye Vanotarisira