Types/brain/patient/child-cns-embryonal-treatment-pdq

Yevacheche Central Nervous System Embryonal Tumors Kurapa (®) -Patient Shanduro

General Ruzivo nezveUdiki Hwepakati Nervous System Embryonal Tumors

PFUNGWA DZINOKOSHA

• Central nervous system (CNS) embryonal tumors inogona kutanga mune embryonic (fetal) maseru anosara muuropi mushure mekuzvarwa.

• Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzeCNS embryonal tumors.

• Pineoblastomas fomu mumasero epineal gland.

• Zvimwe zvemagene mamiriro zvinowedzera njodzi yehucheche CNS embryonal tumors.

• Zviratidzo uye zviratidzo zvehucheche CNS embryonal tumors kana pineoblastomas zvinoenderana nezera remwana uye pane iro bundu.

• Kuyedza kunoongorora huropi uye musana wechipenga kunoshandiswa kuona (tsvaga) hudiki CNS embryonal tumors kana pineoblastomas.

• Bhiopsy inogona kuitwa kuve nechokwadi chekuongororwa kweCSS embryonal bundu kana pineoblastoma.

• Zvimwe zvinhu zvinokanganisa kufungidzira (mukana wekupora) uye sarudzo dzekurapa.

Central nervous system (CNS) embryonal tumors inogona kutanga mune embryonic (fetal) maseru anosara muuropi mushure mekuzvarwa.

Central nervous system (CNS) embryonal tumors fomu mune embryonic maseru anosara muuropi mushure mekuzvarwa. CNS embryonal tumors inowanzopararira kuburikidza necebrospinal fluid (CSF) kune mamwe mativi ehuropi uye musana.

Mamota anogona kunge ari akaipa (cancer) kana benign (kwete cancer). Mazhinji maCS embryonal tumors muvana akaipa. Mamota akaipa ehuropi anogona kukura nekukurumidza uye achipararira mune mamwe mativi ehuropi. Kana bundu rikakura rikaita kana kutsikirira pane imwe nzvimbo yeuropi, zvinogona kumisa chikamu icho cheuropi kuti chisashande nenzira yainofanira kuita Benign brain tumors dzinokura uye dzvanya munzvimbo dziri pedyo dzeuropi. Ivo havawanzo kupararira kune zvimwe zvikamu zvehuropi. Ose ane hutachiona uye akaipisisa matumbo ehuropi anogona kukonzera zviratidzo kana zviratidzo uye kuda kurapwa.

Kunyangwe kenza isingawanzo kuwanikwa muvana, mamota europi ndiwo wechipiri unonyanya kutaurwa kenza yehucheche, mushure meleukemia. Iyi pfupiso iri pamusoro pekurapwa kwemamota ekutanga ehuropi (mamota anotanga muuropi). Kurapa kwemastastatic brain tumors, ayo anotanga mune mamwe mativi emuviri uye achipararira kuuropi, haakurukurwe muchidimbu ichi. Kuti uwane ruzivo nezve akasiyana marudzi ehuropi uye musana tambo tumota, tarisa iyo pfupiso pane Yevacheche Brain uye Spinal Cord Tumors Kurapa Kuongorora.

Mamota ehuropi anoitika mune vese vana nevakuru. Kurapa kwevakuru kunogona kuve kwakasiyana nekurapwa kwevana. Ona pfupiso ye pane Adult Central Nervous System Tumors Kurapa kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezve kurapwa kwevakuru.

Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzeCNS embryonal tumors.

Anatomy yemukati mehuropi, inoratidza iyo pineal uye pituitary gland, optic nerve, ventricles (ine cerebrospinal fluid inoratidzwa mublue), uye zvimwe zvikamu zvehuropi.

Mhando dzakasiyana dzeCSS embryonal tumors dzinosanganisira:

Medulloblastomas

Mazhinji maCS embryonal tumors ndiwo medulloblastomas. Medulloblastomas ndiwo mabundu ari kukurumidza kukura ayo anoumba mumaseru ehuropi mucerebellum. Iyo cerebellum iri pazasi yekumashure chikamu chehuropi pakati pecerebrum uye iyo brain stem. Iyo cerebellum inodzora kufamba, kuenzanisa, uye kumira. Medulloblastomas dzimwe nguva inopararira kune pfupa, mwongo wemapfupa, mapapu, kana zvimwe zvikamu zvemuviri, asi izvi hazviwanzo.

Nonmedulloblastoma embryonal tumors

Nonmedulloblastoma embryonal tumors ndiwo anokurumidza kukura mabundu ayo anowanzo kuumba mumaseru ehuropi mucerebrum. Icho cerebrum iri kumusoro kwemusoro uye ndiyo chikamu chikuru chehuropi. Iyo cerebrum inodzora kufunga, kudzidza, kugadzirisa matambudziko, manzwiro, kutaura, kuverenga, kunyora, uye kufamba kwekuzvidira. Nonmedulloblastoma embryonal tumors inogona zvakare kuumba muhuropi tsvina kana musana wesipinha.

Kune mana marudzi eanedulloblastoma embryonal tumors:

• Embryonal mamota ane multilayered rosettes

Embryonal tumors ine multilayered rosettes (ETMR) ishoma tumota dzinoumba muuropi uye musana. ETMR inowanzoitika muvana vadiki uye ari kukurumidza kukura mamota.

• Medulloepitheliomas

Medulloepitheliomas ndiwo mabundu ari kukurumidza kukura ayo anowanzo kuumba muuropi, musana wesipinha kana tsinga kunze kwenzvimbo yemuzongoza. Zvinoitika kazhinji muvacheche uye vana vadiki.

• CNS neuroblastomas

CNS neuroblastomas iri mhando isingawanzoitika yeneuroblastoma iyo inoumba mutsinga dzetsinga dzecherebramu kana zvidimbu zveturu zvinovhara uropi uye musana. CNS neuroblastomas inogona kunge yakakura uye ichipararira kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzehuropi kana musana.

• CNS ganglioneuroblastomas

CNS ganglioneuroblastomas ndidzo dzisina kujairika tumarara dzinoumba mutsinga dzemitsipa yeuropi uye musana. Dzinogona kuumba munzvimbo imwechete uye dzichikurumidza kukura kana fomu munzvimbo dzinopfuura imwe uye dzichinonoka kukura.

Udiki CNS atypical teratoid / rhabdoid bundu irwowo rudzi rwembryonal bundu, asi rinorapwa zvakasiyana pane humwe hudiki CNS embryonal tumors. Ona pfupiso ye paUdiki Central Nervous System Atypical Teratoid / Rhabdoid Tumor Kurapa kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo.

Pineoblastomas fomu mumasero epineal gland.

Iyo pineal gland inhengo diki iri pakati pehuropi. Iyo gland inogadzira melatonin, chinhu chinobatsira kudzora nguva yedu yekurara.

Pineoblastomas fomu mumasero epineal gland uye inowanzo kuve yakaipa. Pineoblastomas ari kukurumidza kukura mamota nemasero anotaridzika akasiyana zvakanyanya kubva zvakajairika pineal gland maseru. Pineoblastomas haisi mhando yeCNS embryonal bundu asi kurapwa kwavo kwakafanana sekurapwa kweCNS embryonal tumors.

Pineoblastoma inosanganiswa neyakagara nhaka shanduko mureinoblastoma (RB1) gene. Mwana ane chimiro chakagarwa nhaka che retinoblastoma (kenza kupfuura mafomu ari munyama dzetina) ane njodzi yakawedzera yepineoblastoma. Kana iyo retinoblastoma ichiumba panguva imwe chete neicho bundu mukati kana padyo nepineal gland, inonzi trilateral retinoblastoma. MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) kuyedza muvana vane retinoblastoma kunogona kuona pineoblastoma padanho rekutanga apo inogona kurapwa zvinobudirira.

Zvimwe zvemagene mamiriro zvinowedzera njodzi yehucheche CNS embryonal tumors.

Chero chipi zvacho chinowedzera njodzi yekuwana chirwere chinonzi njodzi chinhu. Kuva nenjodzi hazvireve kuti uchawana gomarara; kusava nenjodzi hazvireve kuti hauzobatwe negomarara. Taura nachiremba wemwana wako kana iwe uchifunga kuti mwana wako angave ari panjodzi.

Njodzi zvinhu zveCNS embryonal tumors zvinosanganisira kuve nezvirwere zvinotevera zvakagara nhaka:

• Turcot chirwere.

• Rubinstein-Taybi chirwere.

• Nevoid basal cell carcinoma (Gorlin) chirwere.

• Li-Fraumeni chirwere.

• Fanconi anemia.

Vana vane mamwe majini ekuchinja kana nhoroondo yemhuri yekenza yakabatana neshanduko mu BRCA geni inogona kutariswa kuongororwa kwemajini. Kunyangwe zvisingawanzoitika, uku kuongorora kuti mwana ane chirwere checancer predisposition syndrome inoisa mwana panjodzi yezvimwe zvirwere kana mhando dzekenza.

Muzviitiko zvakawanda, chikonzero cheCSS embryonal tumors hachizivikanwe.

Zviratidzo uye zviratidzo zvehucheche CNS embryonal tumors kana pineoblastomas zvinoenderana nezera remwana uye pane iro bundu.

Izvi nezvimwe zviratidzo uye zviratidzo zvinogona kukonzerwa nehucheche CNS embryonal tumors, pineoblastomas, kana mamwe mamiriro. Tarisa nechiremba wemwana wako kana mwana wako ane chero chinotevera:

• Kurasikirwa nemwero, kunetseka kufamba, kuwedzera kunyora runyoro, kana kutaura kunonoka.

• Kusava nekubatana.

• Kutemwa nemusoro, kunyanya mangwanani, kana kurwadziwa nemusoro kunoenda mushure mekurutsa.

• Kuona kaviri kana mamwe matambudziko eziso.

• Kusvotwa uye kurutsa.

• Kazhinji kushaya simba kana kushaya simba kune rumwe rutivi rwechiso.

• Kurara zvisina kujairika kana shanduko musimba remagetsi.

• Kufenda.

Vacheche nevana vadiki vane mamota aya vanogona kutsamwa kana kukura zvishoma nezvishoma. Zvakare vanogona kusadya zvakanaka kana kusangana nematanho ekusimudzira akadai sekugara, kufamba, uye kutaura mumitsara.

Kuyedza kunoongorora huropi uye musana wechipenga kunoshandiswa kuona (tsvaga) hudiki CNS embryonal tumors kana pineoblastomas.

Iyi inotevera bvunzo uye maitiro anogona kushandiswa:

• Kuongorora kwepanyama uye nhoroondo: Kuongororwa kwemuviri kutarisa zviratidzo zvehutano, kusanganisira kuongorora zviratidzo zvehosha, zvakadai semapundu kana chero chinhu chinoratidzika sechisina kujairika. Nhoroondo yemaitiro ehutano hwemurwere uye kurwara kwakapfuura uye kurapwa kuchatorwawo.

• Neurological bvunzo: akateedzana emibvunzo uye bvunzo kutarisa huropi, musana, uye tsinga basa. Bvunzo dzinoongorora chimiro chemurwere, kubatana, uye kugona kufamba zvakajairika, uye mashandiro, pfungwa, uye pfungwa zvinoshanda zvakadii. Izvi zvinogona zvakare kunzi bvunzo yeurouro kana bvunzo yetsinga.

• MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) yeuropi uye musana wesipinha ine gadolinium: Maitiro anoshandisa magineti, masaisai eredhiyo, uye komputa kugadzira akateedzana emifananidzo yakajeka yenzvimbo dziri mukati meuropi uye musana. Chinhu chinonzi gadolinium chinopinzwa mutsinga. Iyo gadolinium inounganidza yakatenderedza maseru ekenza kuitira kuti varatidze kupenya mumufananidzo. Iyi nzira inonziwo nyukireya magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI). Dzimwe nguva magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) inoitwa panguva yeMRI scan kuti utarise makemikari ari munyama dzehuropi.

• Lumbar puncture: Maitiro anoshandiswa kutora cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) kubva pamutsipa wepelinha. Izvi zvinoitwa nekuisa tsono pakati pemabhonzo maviri mumuzongoza nekupinda muCSF yakakomberedza musana uye kubvisa sampu yemvura. Muenzaniso we CSF unotariswa pasi pe microscope yezviratidzo zvemarara maseru. Muenzaniso unogona zvakare kutariswa kuwanda kweprotein uye glucose. Iyo yakakwira kupfuura yakajairwa huwandu hwepuroteni kana yakaderera pane yakajairwa huwandu hweshuga inogona kunge iri chiratidzo chebundu. Maitiro aya anonzi zvakare LP kana musana tap.

Lumbar kubaya. Murwere akarara panzvimbo yakamonana patafura. Mushure mekunge diki nzvimbo kumucheto kumashure yave chiveve, tsono yemusana (tsono refu, nhete) inoiswa muchikamu chezasi chepamuviri mbichana kubvisa cerebrospinal fluid (CSF, inoratidzwa mublue). Mvura yacho inogona kutumirwa kurabhoritari kunoongororwa.

Bhiopsy inogona kuitwa kuve nechokwadi chekuongororwa kweCSS embryonal bundu kana pineoblastoma.

Kana vanachiremba vachifunga kuti mwana wako anogona kunge aine CNS embryonal bundu kana pineoblastoma, biopsy inogona kuitwa. Kune mapundu ehuropi, iyo biopsy inoitwa nekubvisa chikamu chedehenya uye kushandisa tsono kubvisa sampuli yetishu. Dzimwe nguva, tsono inotungamirwa nekombuta inoshandiswa kubvisa sampuro yemashuga. Nyanzvi yezvirwere anoona tishu pasi pe microscope kutsvaga maseru ekenza. Kana masero ekenza akawanikwa, chiremba anogona kubvisa bundu rakawanda zvakanyanya sezvingabvira panguva yekuvhiya kumwe chete. Chikamu chedehenya chinowanzo dzorerwa panzvimbo mushure mekuita kwacho.

Craniotomy: Kuvhura kunoitwa mu dehenya uye chidimbu chedehenya chinobviswa kuratidza chikamu chehuropi.

Chiyero chinotevera chingaitwe pane sampuro yetishu inobviswa.

• Immunohistochemistry: Kuongororwa kwerabhoritari inoshandisa masoja ekudzivirira mamwe maantigen (mamaki) mune imwe sampuro yetishu yemurwere. Masoja ekudzivirira chirwere anowanzo sunganidzwa ne enzyme kana dhayi ye fluorescent. Mushure mekunge maantibodies akasunga kune yakasarudzika antigen mune yeiyo sampuli, iyo enzyme kana dhayi inogoneswa, uye iyo antigen inogona kuzoonekwa pasi pe microscope. Rudzi urwu rweyedzo runoshandiswa kubatsira kuongorora gomarara uye kubatsira kutaurira imwe mhando yekenza kubva kune imwe mhando yegomarara.

Zvimwe zvinhu zvinokanganisa kufungidzira (mukana wekupora) uye sarudzo dzekurapa.

Kufungidzira (mukana wekupora) uye sarudzo dzekurapa dzinoenderana ne:

• Rudzi rwebundu uye kwariri muuropi.

• Kunyangwe kenza yapararira mukati mehuropi uye musana wesimba kana bundu rikawanikwa.

• Zera remwana kana bundu rikawanikwa.

• Yakawanda sei bundu rinosara mushure mekuvhiyiwa.

• Kunyangwe paine zvimwe shanduko muma chromosomes, magene, kana maseru ehuropi.

• Kunyangwe bundu racho richangobva kuongororwa kana kuti radzokazve (dzoka).

Kuisa Muhuro Pakati Pakati Nervous System Embryonal Tumors

PFUNGWA DZINOKOSHA

• Kurapa kwehucheche central nervous system (CNS) embryonal tumors uye pineoblastomas kunoenderana nerudzi rwechironda uye nezera remwana.

• Kurapa kwemedulloblastoma muvana vakura kupfuura makore matatu zvakare zvinoenderana nekuti bundu iri riine njodzi kana njodzi huru.

• Avhareji yenjodzi (mwana akura kupfuura makore matatu ezera)

• Njodzi yakanyanya (mwana akura kupfuura makore matatu)

• Ruzivo kubva kuongororo nemaitiro anoitwa kutsvaga (tsvaga) hudiki CNS embryonal tumors kana pineoblastomas anoshandiswa kuronga cancer cancer.

Kurapa kwehucheche central nervous system (CNS) embryonal tumors uye pineoblastomas kunoenderana nerudzi rwechironda uye nezera remwana.

Staging ndiyo nzira inoshandiswa kuziva kuti gomarara rakawanda zvakadii uye kana gomarara rapararira. Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive nhanho kuitira kuronga kurapwa.

Iko hakuna yakajairwa sisitimu sisitimu yehucheche central nervous system (CNS) embryonal tumors uye pineoblastomas. Panzvimbo iyoyo, kurapwa kunoenderana nerudzi rwechirwere uye zera remwana (makore matatu uye mudiki kana mukuru kupfuura makore matatu).

Kurapa kwemedulloblastoma muvana vakura kupfuura makore matatu zvakare zvinoenderana nekuti bundu iri riine njodzi kana njodzi huru.

Avhareji yenjodzi (mwana akura kupfuura makore matatu ezera)

Medulloblastomas anonzi avhareji njodzi kana zvese zvinotevera zviri zvechokwadi:

• Bundu racho rakabviswa zvachose nekuvhiyiwa kana kuti pakangosara mari shoma shoma.

• Gomarara harina kupararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.

Njodzi yakanyanya (mwana akura kupfuura makore matatu)

Medulloblastomas inonzi njodzi yakakura kana paine zvinotevera zviri zvechokwadi:

• Mamwe mabundu haana kubviswa nekuvhiyiwa.

• Gomarara rapararira kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzehuropi kana musana kana kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.

Kazhinji, gomarara rinonyanya kudzoka (kudzoka) kune varwere vane bundu rine njodzi huru.

Ruzivo kubva kuongororo nemaitiro anoitwa kutsvaga (tsvaga) hudiki CNS embryonal tumors kana pineoblastomas anoshandiswa kuronga cancer cancer.

Mimwe yemiyedzo inoshandiswa kuona hudiki CNS embryonal tumors kana pineoblastomas inodzokororwa mushure mekuvhiyiwa kubvisa bundu. (Ona iyo General Ruzivo chikamu.) Uku kutsvaga kuti mamota akasara sei mushure mekuvhiyiwa.

Mimwe bvunzo nemaitiro zvinogona kuitwa kuti uone kana gomarara rapararira:

• Bone marrow aspiration uye biopsy: Kubviswa kwemongo wefupa, ropa, uye chidimbu chefupa nekuisa tsono isina mhango muhudyu kana pfupa rechipfuva. Nyanzvi yezvirwere anoona pfupa, ropa, uye pfupa pasi pe microscope kutsvaga zviratidzo zvegomarara. Kupfupa kwemongo wemapfupa uye biopsy inoitwa chete kana paine zviratidzo gomarara rapararira kumongo wemapfupa.

Bone marora chishuwo uye biopsy. Mushure mekunge nzvimbo diki yeganda yave nechiveve, tsono yemongo wemapfupa inoiswa mupfupa rehudyu remwana. Samples reropa, bhonzo, uye mwongo wemapfupa zvinobviswa kuti zviongororwe pasi pe microscope.

• Bone scan: Maitiro ekutarisa kana paine nekukurumidza kupatsanura masero, senge kenza maseru, mupfupa. Chinhu chidiki kwazvo che radioactive chakabayiwa mutsinga uye chinofamba neropa. Iyo radioactive zvinhu inounganidza mumapfupa nekenza uye inoonekwa ne scanner. Kuongorora kwemapfupa kunoitwa chete kana paine zviratidzo kana zviratidzo zvekuti gomarara rapararira kufupa.

• Lumbar puncture: Maitiro anoshandiswa kutora cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) kubva pamutsipa wepelinha. Izvi zvinoitwa nekuisa tsono pakati pemabhonzo maviri mumuzongoza nekupinda muCSF yakakomberedza musana uye kubvisa sampu yemvura. Muenzaniso we CSF unotariswa pasi pe microscope yezviratidzo zvemarara maseru. Muenzaniso unogona zvakare kutariswa kuwanda kweprotein uye glucose. Iyo yakakwira kupfuura yakajairwa huwandu hwepuroteni kana yakaderera pane yakajairwa huwandu hweshuga inogona kunge iri chiratidzo chebundu. Maitiro aya anonzi zvakare LP kana musana tap.

Kudzokorora Kwepakati Pakati Pakati Nervous System Embryonal Tumors

Iyo inowanzoitika yehucheche central central system (CNS) embryonal bundu ibundu rinodzokazve (rinodzoka) mushure mekurapwa. Udiki CNS embryonal tumors inowanzo dzoka mukati memakore matatu mushure mekurapwa asi inogona kudzoka makore mazhinji gare gare. Kudzokororwa kwehudiki CNS embryonal tumors inogona kudzoka munzvimbo imwecheteyo sepakutanga bundu uye / kana mune imwe nzvimbo muuropi kana musana. CNS embryonal tumors kashoma kupararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzomuviri.

Shandisa yedu kiriniki yekuyedza kutsvaga kutsvaga NCI-yakatsigirwa kenza kiriniki miedzo iri kugamuchira varwere. Unogona kutsvaga miedzo zvichibva parudzi rwecancer, zera remurwere, uye iko kunoitwa miyedzo. Ruzhinji ruzivo nezve zvekuedzwa zvekiriniki zvakare zviripo.

Kurapa Sarudzo Kuongorora

PFUNGWA DZINOKOSHA

• Kune akasiyana marudzi ekurapa kwevana vane central nervous system (CNS) embryonal tumors.

• Vana vane CNS embryonal tumors vanofanirwa kurapwa kwavo kuchirongwa nechikwata chevapi vezvehutano vanove nyanzvi mukurapa matumbo ehuropi muvana.

• Uturu hwehudiki hwehupombwe hunogona kukonzera zviratidzo kana zviratidzo zvinotanga kenza isati yaonekwa uye kuenderera kwemwedzi kana makore.

• Kurapa kwehucheche central nervous system embryonal tumors inogona kukonzera mhedzisiro.

• Mhando shanu dzokurapa dzinoshandiswa:

• Kuvhiya

• Radiation kurapa

• Chemotherapy

• Yakakwira-dose chemotherapy ine stem cell kununura

• Targeted kurapwa

• Mhando nyowani dzekurapa dziri kuyedzwa mumakiriniki ekuedzwa.

• Varwere vangangoda kufunga nezve kutora chikamu mukutora kiriniki.

• Varwere vanogona kupinda mumakiriniki miedzo vasati, panguva, kana mushure mekutanga kwavo kenza kurapwa.

• Yekutevera-bvunzo inogona kudikanwa.

Kune akasiyana marudzi ekurapa kwevana vane central nervous system (CNS) embryonal tumors.

Mhando dzakasiyana dzekurapa dzinowanikwa kune vana vane central nervous system (CNS) embryonal tumors. Mamwe marapirwo akajairwa (iko kurapwa kwazvino kwashandiswa), uye kumwe kuedzwa mumakiriniki ekuedzwa A kurapwa kiriniki kuyedzwa chidzidzo chekutsvaga chakaitirwa kubatsira kuvandudza marapirwo azvino kana kuwana ruzivo marapirwo matsva evarwere vane gomarara. Kana kiriniki miedzo ikaratidza kuti kurapwa kutsva kuri nani pane kwese kurapwa, kurapwa kutsva kunogona kuve kwakajairwa kurapwa.

Nekuti kenza muvana isingawanzo, kutora chikamu mukutongwa kwekiriniki kunofanirwa kutariswa. Mimwe miedzo yekiriniki yakavhurwa chete kune varwere vasina kutanga kurapwa.

Vana vane CNS embryonal tumors vanofanirwa kurapwa kwavo kuchirongwa nechikwata chevapi vezvehutano vanove nyanzvi mukurapa matumbo ehuropi muvana.

Kurapa kunozoonekwa nachiremba wevana oncologist, chiremba ane hunyanzvi hwekurapa vana vane gomarara. Vanachiremba oncologist vanoshanda nevamwe vatapi vezvehutano vevana vanove nyanzvi dzekurapa vana vane mamota europi uye vanoziva mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzemishonga. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira vanachiremba vanotevera:

• Chiremba wevana.

• Neurosurgeon.

• Neurologist.

• Neuropathologist.

• Neuroradiologist.

• Rehabilitation nyanzvi.

• Radiation oncologist.

• Nyanzvi yezvepfungwa.

Uturu hwehudiki hwehupombwe hunogona kukonzera zviratidzo kana zviratidzo zvinotanga kenza isati yaonekwa uye kuenderera kwemwedzi kana makore.

Zviratidzo kana zviratidzo zvinokonzerwa nebundu zvinogona kutanga cancer isati yaonekwa uye kuenderera kwemwedzi kana makore. Zvakakosha kutaura navanachiremba vemwana wako nezvezviratidzo kana zviratidzo zvinokonzerwa nebundu iro rinogona kuenderera mushure mekurapwa.

Kurapa kwehucheche central nervous system embryonal tumors inogona kukonzera mhedzisiro.

Kuti uwane ruzivo nezve mhedzisiro inotanga panguva yekurapa kenza, ona yedu Side Mhedzisiro peji.

Zvimwe zvinokonzeresa kubva pakurapwa nekenza zvinotanga mushure mekurapwa uye kuenderera kwemwedzi kana makore zvinonzi kunonoka kuitika Mhedzisiro mhedzisiro yekurapwa nekenza inogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Zvinetso zvepanyama.

• Shanduko mumanzwiro, manzwiro, kufunga, kudzidza, kana ndangariro.

• Gomarara repiri (mhando nyowani dzekenza).

Vana vanoonekwa vaine medulloblastoma vanogona kunge vaine mamwe matambudziko mushure mekuvhiyiwa kana kurapwa nemwaranzi senge shanduko mukugona kufunga, kudzidza, uye kuteerera. Zvakare, cerebellar mutism syndrome inogona kuitika mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Zviratidzo zvechirwere ichi zvinosanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kunonoka kugona kutaura.

• Dambudziko kumedza nekudya.

• Kurasikirwa kwekuyera, kunetseka kufamba, uye kuwedzera kunyora.

• Kurasikirwa kwemhasuru toni.

• Maitiro anochinja uye kuchinja hunhu.

Mimwe mhedzisiro mhedzisiro inogona kurapwa kana kudzorwa. Izvo zvakakosha kuti utaure navanachiremba vemwana wako nezve mhedzisiro yekurapwa nekenza kunogona kuve pamwana wako. (Ona pfupiso ye pamusoro peMagumo Ekurapa kweKenza Yevacheche kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo).

Mhando shanu dzokurapa dzinoshandiswa:

Kuvhiya

Kuvhiya kunoshandiswa kuongorora pamwe nekubata hudiki CNS embryonal bundu sezvakatsanangurwa muGeneral Ruzivo chikamu cheichi chidimbu.

Mushure mekunge chiremba abvisa kenza yese inogona kuoneka panguva yekuvhiyiwa, vamwe varwere vanogona kupihwa chemotherapy, radiation radiation, kana vese mushure mekuvhiyiwa kuuraya chero gomarara maseru akasara. Mushonga wakapihwa mushure mekuvhiyiwa, kudzikisa njodzi yekuti gomarara richadzoka, inonzi adjuvant therapy.

Radiation kurapa

Radiation kurapa kurapwa kenza iyo inoshandisa yakakwira-simba x-rays kana mamwe marudzi e radiation kuuraya cancer maseru kana kuachengeta iwo kuti asakure. Kune mhando mbiri dze radiation radiation:

• External radiation therapy inoshandisa muchina uri kunze kwemuviri kutumira radiation kune kenza. Dzimwe nzira dzekupa mishonga ye radiation dzinogona kubatsira kuchengetedza mwaranzi kubva mukukuvadza nyama iri pedyo ine hutano. Aya marudzi erapi radiation anosanganisira anotevera:

• Conformal radiation therapy: Conformal radiation kurapwa rudzi rwekunze radiation radiation iyo inoshandisa komputa kugadzira 3-dimensional (3-D) pikicha yebundu uye inoumba iwo mamirioni matanda kuti akwane bundu. Izvi zvinobvumidza mwero wepamusoro wemwaranzi kuti usvike pachironda uye unokonzeresa kukuvara kudiki kune hutano hwakanaka.

• Stereotactic radiation kurapwa: Stereotactic radiation kurapwa rudzi rwekunze radiation radiation. Rakaomarara musoro furemu wakasungirirwa padehenya kuti musoro urambe wakadzikama panguva yekurapwa nemwaranzi. Mushini unonangisa mwaranzi zvakananga pabundu, zvichikonzera kukuvara kudiki kune nyama iri pedyo ine hutano. Iyo yakazara mwero yemwaranzi yakakamurwa kuita akati wandei madhizaini madiki anopiwa kwemazuva mazhinji. Maitiro aya anonziwo stereotactic ekunze-beam radiation kurapwa uye stereotaxic radiation kurapwa.

• Yemukati radiation kurapwa kunoshandisa radioactive chinhu chakavharirwa mune tsono, mhodzi, waya, kana makateti anoiswa akananga mukati kana padyo nekenza.

Radiation kurapwa kuuropi kunogona kukanganisa kukura uye kukura muvana vadiki. Nechikonzero ichi, kiriniki miedzo iri kudzidza nzira nyowani dzekupa radiation iyo inogona kuve nemhedzisiro mhedzisiro pane yakajairwa nzira.

Iyo nzira iyo radiation radiation inopihwa zvinoenderana nerudzi rwegomarara riri kurapwa. External radiation therapy inoshandiswa kurapa hudiki CNS embryonal tumors.

Nekuti radiation radiation inogona kukanganisa kukura uye kukura kwehuropi muvana vadiki, kunyanya vana vane makore matatu kana mudiki, chemotherapy inogona kupihwa kunonoka kana kudzikisa kudiwa kwe radiation radiation

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy mushonga wekenza unoshandisa mishonga kumisa kukura kwemasero ekenza, kungave nekuuraya maseru kana nekuamisa iwo kubva pakupatsanuka. Kana chemotherapy ikatorwa nemuromo kana kujowa mutsinga kana mhasuru, mishonga inopinda muropa uye inogona kusvika masero emukenza mumuviri wese (systemic chemotherapy). Kana chemotherapy ikaiswa yakanangana necerebrospinal fluid, nhengo, kana dumbu remuviri senge dumbu, mishonga inonyanya kukanganisa maseru ekenza munzvimbo idzodzo (chemotherapy yedunhu). Kusanganiswa chemotherapy kurapwa kunoshandisa anopfuura imwe anticancer mushonga. Nzira iyo chemotherapy inopihwa inoenderana nemhando yekenza iri kurapwa.

Wenguva dzose muyero anticancer mishonga inopihwa nemuromo kana mutsinga kurapa epakati tsinga system mamota haakwanise kuyambuka iropa-huropi chipingamupinyi uye kupinda irwo rwizi rwakatenderedza uropi nemuzongoza. Panzvimbo iyoyo, mushonga weanticancer unowiswa munzvimbo izere nemvura kuti uuraye maseru ekenza anogona kunge akapararira ipapo. Izvi zvinonzi intrathecal kana intraventricular chemotherapy.

Intrathecal chemotherapy. Anticancer zvinodhaka zvinopinda mukati meiyo intrathecal nzvimbo, inova iyo nzvimbo inobata iyo cerebrospinal fluid (CSF, inoratidzwa mublue). Pane nzira mbiri dzakasiyana dzekuita izvi. Imwe nzira, inoratidzwa muchikamu chepamusoro chemufananidzo, kuisa majekiseni mumugodhi weOmaya (mudziyo wakaita sedome wakaiswa pasi peganda panguva yekuvhiyiwa; inobata mishonga painenge ichiyerera nepombi diki ichienda muuropi ). Imwe nzira, inoratidzwa muchikamu chepazasi chemufananidzo, kupinza mishonga yakananga muCSF muchikamu chepazasi chechipenga chemusana, mushure mekunge nzvimbo diki kumusana wezasi yave nechiveve.

Yakakwira-dose chemotherapy ine stem cell kununura

Yakakwira madosi ekemotherapy anopiwa kuuraya cancer maseru. Masero ane hutano, kusanganisira masero anogadzira ropa, anoparadzwa nekenza kurapwa. Stem cell transplant kurapwa kwekutsiva maseru anogadzira ropa. Masero emashizha (masero eropa asina kusimba) anobviswa muropa kana mwongo wemapfupa emurwere kana mupi uye anoomeswa nechando. Mushure mekunge murwere apedza chemotherapy, maseru akachengetwa anonyungudutswa uye ndokudzoserwa kumurwere kuburikidza nekumukiswa. Aya akadzikiswa maseru emadzinde anokura kuita (uye kudzoreredza) masero eropa emuviri.

Targeted kurapwa

Targeted therapy mhando yekurapa inoshandisa zvinodhaka kana zvimwe zvinhu kurwisa cancer maseru. Marapirwo akanangwa anowanzo kukonzera kukuvara kushoma kune masero akajairwa kupfuura chemotherapy kana radiation radiation inoita.

Signal transduction inhibitors rudzi rwekurapa kwakanangwa kunoshandiswa kurapa zvekare medulloblastoma. Signal transduction inhibitors inovhara masign anowedzerwa kubva kune imwe mamorekuru kuenda kune imwe mukati mechitokisi. Kuvhara zviratidzo izvi kunogona kuuraya maseru ekenza. Vismodegib imhando yechiratidzo kuchinjisa inhibitor.

Kurapa kwakanangidzirwa kuri kuongororwa kwekurapa kwehucheche CNS embryonal tumors ayo adzokazve (dzoka).

Mhando nyowani dzekurapa dziri kuyedzwa mumakiriniki ekuedzwa.

Ruzivo nezve kiriniki miedzo inowanikwa kubva kuNCI webhusaiti.

Varwere vangangoda kufunga nezve kutora chikamu mukutora kiriniki.

Kune vamwe varwere, kutora chikamu mumuedzo wekiriniki inogona kunge iri sarudzo yekurapa yakanyanya kunaka. Kliniki miedzo chikamu chekenza tsvagiridzo. Zvemakiriniki miedzo inoitwa kuti uone kana marapirwo matsva egomarara akachengeteka uye achishanda kana zvirinani pane akajairwa kurapwa.

Mazhinji emazuva ano marapirwo akajairwa ekenza akavakirwa pamavambo emakiriniki ekuedzwa. Varwere vanotora chikamu mukuyedzwa kwekiriniki vanogona kuwana kurapwa kwakaringana kana kuve pakati pevekutanga kurapwa kutsva.

Varwere vanotora chikamu mumiedzo yekiriniki zvakare vanobatsira kugadzirisa marapirwo achaitwa kenza mune ramangwana. Kunyangwe kana miedzo yemakiriniki isinga tangire kumarapirwo matsva anoshanda, anowanzo pindura mibvunzo yakakosha uye anobatsira kufambisira mberi kutsvagurudza.

Varwere vanogona kupinda mumakiriniki miedzo vasati, panguva, kana mushure mekutanga kwavo kenza kurapwa.

Mimwe miedzo yekiriniki inosanganisira chete varwere vasati vagamuchira kurapwa. Mimwe miedzo yekuedza kurapwa kwevarwere vane kenza haina kuve nani. Kune mamwezve emakiriniki miedzo inoedza nzira nyowani dzekumisa cancer kubva kudzokororazve (kudzoka) kana kudzikisira mhedzisiro yemakenza kurapwa.

Kuedzwa kwemakiriniki kuri kuitika munzvimbo zhinji dzenyika. Ruzivo nezve kiriniki miedzo inotsigirwa neNCI inogona kuwanikwa paNCI yekiriniki miedzo yekutsvaga peji rewebhu. Kliniki miedzo inotsigirwa nemamwe masangano inogona kuwanikwa pane yeClinicalTrials.gov webhusaiti.

Yekutevera-bvunzo inogona kudikanwa.

Mimwe miedzo yakaitwa kuongorora gomarara kana kutsvaga danho rekenza inogona kudzokororwa. (Ona Chikamu cheRuzivo Ruzhinji nezve runyorwa rweyedzo.) Dzimwe bvunzo dzinodzokororwa kuitira kuti uone kuti kurapwa kuri kushanda sei. Sarudzo nezvekuti uenderere mberi, shandura, kana kumisa kurapwa kunogona kunge kuchibva pamhedzisiro yeiyi bvunzo. Izvi dzimwe nguva zvinodaidzwazve kuitisa.

Mimwe bvunzo dzekufungidzira dzicharamba dzichiitwa nguva nenguva mushure mekunge kurapwa kwapera. Mhedzisiro yeiyi bvunzo inogona kuratidza kana mamiriro emwana wako achinja kana kana bundu repfungwa radzokazve (dzoka). Kana bvunzo dzekufungidzira dzichiratidza zvisizvo zvisina kujairika muuropi, biopsy inogona kuitwawo kuti uone kana nyama yacho yakaumbwa nematumbu masero akafa kana kana masero emukenza matsva ari kukura. Iyi bvunzo dzimwe nguva inonzi yekuteedzera-bvunzo kana kuongorora-kumusoro.

Kurapa Sarudzo dzeUcheche Central Nervous System Embryonal Tumors uye Yevacheche Pineoblastoma

Muchikamu chino

• Ichangobva Kuzivikanwa Yevacheche Medulloblastoma

• Ichangobva Kuzivikanwa Yehucheche Nonmedulloblastoma Embryonal Tumors

• Ichangobva Kuzivikanwa Yevacheche Embryonal Tumor neMultilayered Rosettes kana Medulloepithelioma

• Ichangobva Kuzivikanwa Yehucheche Pineoblastoma

• Kudzokororazve Kwepakati Pakati Pakati Nervous System Embryonal Tumors uye Pineoblastomas

Kuti uwane ruzivo nezve marapirwo akanyorwa pazasi, ona iyo Chikamu Sarudzo Yekutarisa Chikamu.

Ichangobva Kuzivikanwa Yevacheche Medulloblastoma

Mune ichangobva kuongororwa medulloblastoma yehucheche, bundu pacharo harina kurapwa. Mwana anogona kunge akagamuchira mishonga kana kurapwa kubvisa zviratidzo kana zviratidzo zvinokonzerwa nebundu.

Vana vakura kupfuura makore matatu vane avhareji-njodzi medulloblastoma

Kurapa kwakasarudzika kwepakati-njodzi medulloblastoma muvana vakura kupfuura makore matatu inosanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kuvhiya kubvisa yakawanda bundu sezvinobvira. Izvi zvinoteverwa ne radiation radiation kuuropi uye musana. Chemotherapy inopiwawo panguva uye mushure mekurapwa nemwaranzi.

• Kuvhiya kubvisa bundu, radiation radiation, uye yakakwira-dose chemotherapy ine stem cell kununura.

Vana vakura kupfuura makore matatu vane njodzi-huru medulloblastoma

Kurapa kwakasarudzika kwepamusoro-njodzi medulloblastoma muvana vakura kupfuura makore matatu inosanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kuvhiya kubvisa yakawanda bundu sezvinobvira. Izvi zvinoteverwa neyakakura yedosi ye radiation kurapwa kuuropi uye musana wechipfuva pane iyo muyero wakapihwa wepakati-njodzi medulloblastoma. Chemotherapy inopiwawo panguva uye mushure mekurapwa nemwaranzi.

• Kuvhiya kubvisa bundu, radiation radiation, uye yakakwira-dose chemotherapy ine stem cell kununura.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwemasanganiswa matsva e radiation therapy uye chemotherapy.

Vana vane makore matatu zvichidzika

Kurapa kwakazara kwemedulloblastoma muvana vane makore matatu makore uye mudiki ndeiyi:

• Kuvhiya kubvisa zvakanyanya bundu sezvinobvira, kuchiteverwa nekemotherapy.

Mimwe mishonga inogona kupihwa mushure mekuvhiyiwa inosanganisira zvinotevera:

• Chemotherapy ine kana isina radiation radiation kune iyo nzvimbo yakabviswa bundu.

• Yakakwira-dose chemotherapy ine stem cell kununura.

Shandisa yedu kiriniki yekuyedza kutsvaga kutsvaga NCI-yakatsigirwa kenza kiriniki miedzo iri kugamuchira varwere. Unogona kutsvaga miedzo zvichibva parudzi rwecancer, zera remurwere, uye iko kunoitwa miyedzo. Ruzhinji ruzivo nezve zvekuedzwa zvekiriniki zvakare zviripo.

Ichangobva Kuzivikanwa Yehucheche Nonmedulloblastoma Embryonal Tumors

Mune achangobva kuongororwa hudiki nonmedulloblastoma embryonal tumors, bundu pacharo harina kurapwa. Mwana anogona kunge akagamuchira mishonga kana kurapwa kubvisa zviratidzo zvinokonzerwa nebundu.

Vana vakura kupfuura makore matatu

Kurapa kwakasarudzika kweanedulloblastoma embryonal tumors muvana vakura kupfuura makore matatu ndeye:

• Kuvhiya kubvisa yakawanda bundu sezvinobvira. Izvi zvinoteverwa ne radiation radiation kuuropi uye musana. Chemotherapy inopiwawo panguva uye mushure mekurapwa nemwaranzi.

Vana vane makore matatu zvichidzika

Kurapa kwakasarudzika kweanedulloblastoma embryonal tumors muvana vane makore matatu makore uye mudiki ndeiyi:

• Kuvhiya kubvisa zvakanyanya bundu sezvinobvira, kuchiteverwa nekemotherapy.

Mimwe mishonga inogona kupihwa mushure mekuvhiyiwa inosanganisira zvinotevera:

• Chemotherapy uye radiation radiation kune iyo nzvimbo yakabviswa bundu.

• Yakakwira-dose chemotherapy ine stem cell kununura.

Shandisa yedu kiriniki yekuyedza kutsvaga kutsvaga NCI-yakatsigirwa kenza kiriniki miedzo iri kugamuchira varwere. Unogona kutsvaga miedzo zvichibva parudzi rwecancer, zera remurwere, uye iko kunoitwa miyedzo. Ruzhinji ruzivo nezve zvekuedzwa zvekiriniki zvakare zviripo.

Ichangobva Kuzivikanwa Yevacheche Embryonal Tumor neMultilayered Rosettes kana Medulloepithelioma

Mune ichangobva kuongororwa hudiki embryonal bundu ine multilayered rosettes (ETMR) kana medulloepithelioma, bundu pacharo harina kurapwa. Mwana anogona kunge akagamuchira mishonga kana kurapwa kubvisa zviratidzo zvinokonzerwa nebundu.

Vana vakura kupfuura makore matatu

Kurapa kwakajairwa kweETRR kana medulloepithelioma muvana vakura kupfuura makore matatu kunosanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kuvhiya kubvisa yakawanda bundu sezvinobvira. Izvi zvinoteverwa ne radiation radiation kuuropi uye musana. Chemotherapy inopiwawo panguva uye mushure mekurapwa nemwaranzi.

• Kuvhiya kubvisa bundu, radiation radiation, uye yakakwira-dose chemotherapy ine stem cell kununura.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwemasanganiswa matsva e radiation therapy uye chemotherapy.

Vana vane makore matatu zvichidzika

Kurapa kwakajairwa kweETRR kana medulloepithelioma muvana vane makore matatu uye mudiki zvinosanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kuvhiya kubvisa zvakanyanya bundu sezvinobvira, kuchiteverwa nekemotherapy.

• Yakakwira-dose chemotherapy ine stem cell kununura.

• Radiation kurapwa, kana mwana akura.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwemasanganiswa matsva uye zvirongwa zvechemotherapy kana musanganiswa mutsva wechemotherapy ine stem cell kununura.

Kurapa kweETMR kana medulloepithelioma muvana vane makore matatu uye vadiki kazhinji kuri mukati mekuedzwa kwekiriniki.

Shandisa yedu kiriniki yekuyedza kutsvaga kutsvaga NCI-yakatsigirwa kenza kiriniki miedzo iri kugamuchira varwere. Unogona kutsvaga miedzo zvichibva parudzi rwecancer, zera remurwere, uye iko kunoitwa miyedzo. Ruzhinji ruzivo nezve zvekuedzwa zvekiriniki zvakare zviripo.

Ichangobva Kuzivikanwa Yehucheche Pineoblastoma

Mune achangobva kuongororwa hudiki pineoblastoma, bundu pacharo harina kurapwa. Mwana anogona kunge akagamuchira mishonga kana kurapwa kubvisa zviratidzo zvinokonzerwa nebundu.

Vana vakura kupfuura makore matatu

Kurapa kwakazara kwepineoblastoma muvana vakura kupfuura makore matatu kunosanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kuvhiya kubvisa bundu. Bundu kazhinji harigone kubviswa zvachose nekuda kwenzvimbo iri muuropi. Kuvhiya kunowanzo teedzerwa ne radiation radiation kuuropi uye musana uye chemotherapy.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki yeakakwira-dose chemotherapy mushure mekurapwa nemwaranzi uye kununurwa kwema cell.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwechemotherapy panguva yekurapwa nemwaranzi.

Vana vane makore matatu zvichidzika

Kurapa kwakazara kwepineoblastoma muvana vane makore matatu zvichidzika zvinosanganisira zvinotevera:

• Biopsy kuongorora pineoblastoma inoteverwa nekemotherapy.

• Kana bundu rikapindura chemotherapy, kurapwa kwemwaranzi kunopihwa kana mwana akura.

• Yakakwira-dose chemotherapy ine stem cell kununura.

Shandisa yedu kiriniki yekuyedza kutsvaga kutsvaga NCI-yakatsigirwa kenza kiriniki miedzo iri kugamuchira varwere. Unogona kutsvaga miedzo zvichibva parudzi rwecancer, zera remurwere, uye iko kunoitwa miyedzo. Ruzhinji ruzivo nezve zvekuedzwa zvekiriniki zvakare zviripo.

Kudzokororazve Kwepakati Pakati Pakati Nervous System Embryonal Tumors uye Pineoblastomas

Kurapa kwenzvimbo yepamusoro yenjodzi (CNS) embryonal tumors uye pineoblastoma iyo inodzokazve (kudzoka) zvinoenderana ne:

• Rudzi rwebundu.

• Kunyangwe bundu riya rakadzokerazve kwarakatanga kuumba kana rakapararira kune mamwe mativi ehuropi, musana, kana muviri.

• Mhando yekurapa yakapihwa kare.

• Inguva yakadii yapfuura kubva pakurapa kwekutanga kwapera.

• Kunyangwe murwere ane zviratidzo kana zviratidzo.

Kurapa kwekudzokorora kwehucheche CNS embryonal tumors uye pineoblastomas inogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kune vana vakambogamuchira kurapwa nemwaranzi uye chemotherapy, kurapwa kunogona kusanganisira kudzokorora mwaranzi panzvimbo yakatangira kenza uye uko bundu rapararira. Stereotactic radiation kurapwa uye / kana chemotherapy inogona zvakare kushandiswa.

• Kune vacheche uye vana vadiki avo vakambogamuchira chemotherapy chete uye vaine kudzoka kwenzvimbo, kurapwa kunogona kuve chemotherapy ne radiation kurapwa kune bundu uye nharaunda iri padyo nayo. Kuvhiya kubvisa bundu kunogona kuitwawo.

• Kune varwere vakambogamuchira radiation radiation, yakakwira-dose chemotherapy uye stem cell kununura inogona kushandiswa. Hazvizivikanwe kana kurapwa uku kunovandudza kupona.

• Targeted Therapy ine chiratidzo transduction inhibitor yevarwere vane kenza ine imwe shanduko mumageneti.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kunoongorora muyenzaniso wemota yemurwere kune mamwe magene ekuchinja. Rudzi rwekurapa kwakanangwa kuchapihwa kumurwere kunoenderana nerudzi rwechinjo yemajini.

Shandisa yedu kiriniki yekuyedza kutsvaga kutsvaga NCI-yakatsigirwa kenza kiriniki miedzo iri kugamuchira varwere. Unogona kutsvaga miedzo zvichibva parudzi rwecancer, zera remurwere, uye iko kunoitwa miyedzo. Ruzhinji ruzivo nezve zvekuedzwa zvekiriniki zvakare zviripo.

Kuti Udzidze Zvakawanda Pamusoro Pehucheche Central Nervous System Embryonal Tumors

Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezve hudiki hwepakati tsinga system embryonal bundu, ona zvinotevera:

• Chiremba Brain Tumor Consortium (PBTC) Buda Disclaimer

Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo rwegomarara rehucheche uye zvimwe zvecancer zviwanikwa, ona zvinotevera:

• Nezve Kenza

• Cancers Yevacheche

• Kurapa Kutsvaga Kwevana Cancer Buda Disclaimer

• Mahedhi Ekupedzisira Ekurapwa kweKenza Yevacheche

• Vechidiki uye Vechidiki Vakuru vane Cancer

• Vana vane Cancer: Nhungamiro Yevabereki

• Kenza muVana neVachiri kuyaruka

• Stage

• Kurarama neCancer

• Mibvunzo Yekubvunza Wako Chiremba nezveCancer

• Kune Vakapona uye Vanotarisira