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Yevacheche Astrocytomas Kurapa (®) -Patient Shanduro

Ruzivo Ruzhinji nezveUdiki Astrocytomas

PFUNGWA DZINOKOSHA

• Udiki astrocytoma chirwere umo benign (noncancer) kana yakaipa (cancer) maseru anoumba mumatumbu ehuropi.

• Astrocytomas inogona kunge iri benign (kwete cancer) kana yakaipa (cancer).

• Iyo yepakati tsinga system inodzora akawanda akakosha mashandiro emuviri.

• Chikonzero chemazhinji mamota ehuropi hachizivikanwe.

• Zviratidzo nezviratidzo zveastroscytomas hazvina kufanana mumwana wese.

• Kuyedzwa kunoongorora huropi uye musana musana kunoshandiswa kuona (tsvaga) hudiki astrocytomas.

• Zvechidiki astrocytomas zvinowanzoonekwa uye zvinobviswa mukuvhiya.

• Zvimwe zvinhu zvinokanganisa kufungidzira (mukana wekupora) uye sarudzo dzekurapa.

Udiki astrocytoma chirwere umo benign (noncancer) kana yakaipa (cancer) maseru anoumba mumatumbu ehuropi.

Astrocytomas mamota anotanga mumasero akaumbwa senyeredzi akaita seyeastrocyte. Iyo astrocyte rudzi rweglial cell. Glial masero anobata maseru etsinga munzvimbo, anounza chikafu neoksijeni kwavari, uye anobatsira kuvadzivirira kubva kuchirwere, senge hutachiona. Gliomas mamota anoumba kubva kune glial maseru. Iyo astrocytoma rudzi rweglioma.

Astrocytoma ndiyo yakajairika mhando yeglioma inowanikwa muvana. Iyo inogona kuumba chero kupi mukati mepakati tsinga system (huropi uye musana musana).

Iyi pfupiso iri pamusoro pekurapwa kwemamota anotanga mumaastroscyte muuropi (matangi epfungwa ekutanga). Metastatic matumbo ehuropi anoumbwa nekenza maseru ayo anotanga mune mamwe mativi emuviri opararira kuuropi. Kurapa kwemastastatic brain tumors hakuna kukurukurwa pano.

Mamota ehuropi anogona kuitika mune vese vana nevakuru. Nekudaro, kurapwa kwevana kunogona kuve kwakasiyana pane kurapwa kwevakuru. Ona zvinotevera pfupiso dze kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezve mamwe marudzi emota dzehuropi muvana nevakuru:

• Yehucheche Brain uye Spinal Cord Tumors Kurapa Kuongorora

• Adult Central Nervous System Tumors Kurapa

Astrocytomas inogona kunge iri benign (kwete cancer) kana yakaipa (cancer).

Benign brain tumors dzinokura uye dzvanya munzvimbo dziri pedyo dzeuropi. Hazviwanzo kupararira kune mamwe matukisi. Mamota akaipa ehuropi anogona kukura nekukurumidza uye achipararira kuita mamwe matinji ehuropi. Kana bundu rikakura rikaita kana kutsikirira pane imwe nzvimbo yeuropi, zvinogona kumisa chikamu icho cheuropi kuti chisashande nenzira yainofanira kuita. Ose ane hutachiona uye akaipisisa matumbo ehuropi anogona kukonzera zviratidzo nezviratidzo uye angangoita ese anoda kurapwa.

Iyo yepakati tsinga system inodzora akawanda akakosha mashandiro emuviri.

Astrocytomas inonyanya kuwanikwa munzvimbo idzi dzepakati tsinga system (CNS):

• Cerebrum: Chikamu chikuru cheuropi, kumusoro kwemusoro. Iyo cerebrum inodzora kufunga, kudzidza, kugadzirisa matambudziko, kutaura, manzwiro, kuverenga, kunyora, uye kufamba kwekuzvidira.

• Cerebellum: Iyo yepazasi, yekumashure chikamu chehuropi (padhuze nepakati nepashure kwemusoro). Iyo cerebellum inodzora kufamba, kuenzanisa, uye kumira.

• Brain stem: Chikamu chinobatanidza huropi netambo yemuzongoza, muchikamu chakadzikira chehuropi (pamusoro pekuseri kwemutsipa chete). Uropi hunodzora kufema, kurova kwemoyo, uye tsinga nemhasuru zvinoshandiswa mukuona, kunzwa, kufamba, kutaura, uye kudya.

• Hypothalamus: Iyo nzvimbo iri pakati pehwaro hwehuropi. Iyo inodzora tembiricha yemuviri, nzara, uye nyota.

• Nzira yekuona: Boka remitsipa rinobatanidza ziso nehuropi.

• Spinal cord: Iyo mbiru yetsinga yemhashu inomhanya kubva muuropi inodzika pasi pakati peshure. Iyo yakafukidzwa nematatu matete matete enyama inonzi membranes. Mutsara wepelinha uye membrane zvakakomberedzwa nema vertebrae (mapfupa ekumashure). Spinal tambo tsinga dzinotakura mameseji pakati pehuropi uye nemuviri wese, senge meseji kubva kuhuropi yekukonzera mhasuru kufamba kana meseji kubva paganda kuenda kuuropi kuti unzwe kubata.

Anatomy yehuropi. Iyo supratentorial nzvimbo (iyo yekumusoro chikamu cheuropi) ine iyo cerebrum, lateral ventricle uye yechitatu ventricle (ine cerebrospinal fluid inoratidzwa mublue), choroid plexus, pineal gland, hypothalamus, pituitary gland, uye optic nerve. Iyo posterior fossa / infratentorial nzvimbo (yepazasi kumashure chikamu cheuropi) ine cerebellum, tectum, yechina ventricle, uye brain stem (midbrain, pons, uye medulla). Iyo tendeoriamu inoparadzanisa supratentorium kubva kune infratentorium (kurudyi pani). Dehenya uye meninges zvinodzivirira uropi uye musana (kuruboshwe pani).

Chikonzero chemazhinji mamota ehuropi hachizivikanwe.

Chero chipi zvacho chinowedzera njodzi yako yekuwana chirwere chinonzi njodzi chinhu. Kuva nenjodzi hazvireve kuti uchawana gomarara; kusava nenjodzi hazvireve kuti hauzobatwe negomarara. Taura nachiremba wemwana wako kana iwe uchifunga kuti mwana wako angave ari panjodzi. Zvimwe zvinogona kuisa njodzi kune astrocytoma zvinosanganisira:

• Yapfuura radiation kurapwa kuropi.

• Kuve nehumwe hutachiona kusagadzikana, senge neurofibromatosis mhando 1 (NF1) kana tuberous sclerosis.

Zviratidzo nezviratidzo zveastroscytomas hazvina kufanana mumwana wese.

Zviratidzo nezviratidzo zvinoenderana nezvinotevera:

• Ikoko bundu rinoumba muuropi kana musana.

• Kukura kwebundu.

• Kurumidza sei bundu kukura.

• Zera remwana uye kukura.

Mamwe mamota haakonzere zviratidzo kana zviratidzo. Zviratidzo nezviratidzo zvinogona kukonzerwa nehucheche astrocytomas kana nemamwe mamiriro. Tarisa nechiremba wemwana wako kana mwana wako ane chero chinotevera:

• Morning headache kana headache inoenda mushure mekurutsa.

• Kusvotwa uye kurutsa.

• Kuona, kunzwa, uye matambudziko ekutaura.

• Kurasikirwa kwekuyera uye kunetseka kufamba.

• Kuwedzeredza runyoro kana kutaura kunonoka.

• Kuneta kana kushanduka mukunzwa kune rimwe divi remuviri.

• Kurara zvisina kujairika.

• Simba rakawanda kana shoma pane zvakajairwa.

• Chinja hunhu kana maitiro.

• Kufenda.

• Kurera huremu kana kuwedzera huremu pasina chikonzero chinozivikanwa.

• Wedzera muhukuru hwemusoro (muvacheche).

Kuyedzwa kunoongorora huropi uye musana musana kunoshandiswa kuona (tsvaga) hudiki astrocytomas.

Iyi inotevera bvunzo uye maitiro anogona kushandiswa:

• Kuongorora kwepanyama uye nhoroondo: Kuongorora kwemuviri kutarisa zviratidzo zvehutano zvakakwana. Izvi zvinosanganisira kutarisa zviratidzo zvezvirwere, zvakadai semapundu kana chero chinhu chinoratidzika sechisina kujairika. Nhoroondo yemaitiro ehutano hwemurwere uye kurwara kwakapfuura uye kurapwa kuchatorwawo.

• Neurological bvunzo: akateedzana emibvunzo uye bvunzo kutarisa huropi, musana, uye tsinga basa. Bvunzo dzinoongorora chimiro chemunhu chepfungwa, kubatana, uye kugona kufamba zvakajairika, uye mashandiro, pfungwa, uye pfungwa zvinoshanda zvakadii. Izvi zvinogona zvakare kunzi bvunzo yeurouro kana bvunzo yetsinga.

• Wakaonekwa munda bvunzo: Kuongorora kutarisa munda wemunhu wekuona (iyo yakazara nzvimbo mune izvo zvinhu zvinoonekwa). Uyu muyedzo unoyera zvese zviri pakati pekuona (kuti munhu anogona kuona zvakadii kana akatarisa akananga kumberi) uye peripheral vision (kuti munhu anogona kuona zvakadii mune dzimwe nzira dzose achitarisa akananga kumberi). Maziso anoedzwa rimwe panguva. Ziso risiri kuyedzwa rakavharwa.

• MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) ine gadolinium: Maitiro anoshandisa magineti, masaisai eredhiyo, uye komputa kugadzira akateedzana emifananidzo yakajeka yehuropi uye musana. Chinhu chinonzi gadolinium chinopinzwa mutsinga. Iyo gadolinium inounganidza yakatenderedza maseru ekenza kuitira kuti varatidze kupenya mumufananidzo. Iyi nzira inonziwo nyukireya magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI). Dzimwe nguva magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) inoitwa panguva imwechete yeMRI scan kuti utarise makemikari ekugadzirwa kwehuropi.

Zvechidiki astrocytomas zvinowanzoonekwa uye zvinobviswa mukuvhiya.

Kana vanachiremba vachifunga kuti panogona kunge paine astrocytoma, biopsy inogona kuitwa kuti ubvise sampuro yetissue. Kune mapundu muuropi, chikamu chedehenya chinobviswa uye tsono inoshandiswa kubvisa nyama. Dzimwe nguva, tsono inotungamirwa nekombuta. Nyanzvi yezvirwere anoona tishu pasi pe microscope kutsvaga maseru ekenza. Kana masero ekenza akawanikwa, chiremba anogona kubvisa bundu rakawanda zvakanyanya sezvingabvira panguva yekuvhiya kumwe chete. Nekuti zvinogona kuoma kutaura mutsauko uripakati pemhando dzemamota europi, ungangoda kuti mucheche wemwana wako utariswe nachiremba wekuziva uyo ane ruzivo rwekuongorora mamota ehuropi.

Craniotomy: Kuvhura kunoitwa mu dehenya uye chidimbu chedehenya chinobviswa kuratidza chikamu chehuropi.

Muedzo unotevera unogona kuitwa pachinhu chakabviswa:

• Immunohistochemistry: Kuongororwa kwerabhoritari inoshandisa masoja ekudzivirira mamwe maantigen (mamaki) mune imwe sampuro yetishu yemurwere. Masoja ekudzivirira chirwere anowanzo sunganidzwa ne enzyme kana dhayi ye fluorescent. Mushure mekunge maantibodies akasunga kune yakasarudzika antigen mune yeiyo sampuli, iyo enzyme kana dhayi inogoneswa, uye iyo antigen inogona kuzoonekwa pasi pe microscope. Rudzi urwu rweyedzo runoshandiswa kubatsira kuongorora gomarara uye kubatsira kutaurira imwe mhando yekenza kubva kune imwe mhando yegomarara. Iyo MIB-1 bvunzo rudzi rweyununohistochemistry iyo inotarisa bundu remuviri kune antigen inonzi MIB-1. Izvi zvinogona kuratidza kuti bundu riri kukura nekukurumidza sei.

Dzimwe nguva mapundu anoumba munzvimbo inoita kuti zvive zvakaoma kubvisa. Kana kubvisa bundu kungakonzeresa zvakakomba zvemuviri, zvemweya, kana zvekudzidza, bhiopsy inoitwa uye kumwe kurapwa kunopihwa mushure meiyo biopsy.

Vana vane NF1 vanogona kuumba yakaderera-giredhi astrocytoma munzvimbo yehuropi iyo inodzora kuona uye inogona kusada biopsy. Kana bundu rikaramba richikura kana zviratidzo zvikasaitika, kuvhiya kubvisa bundu racho kungangodaro kusingadiwe.

Zvimwe zvinhu zvinokanganisa kufungidzira (mukana wekupora) uye sarudzo dzekurapa.

Kufungidzira (mukana wekupora) uye sarudzo dzekurapa dzinoenderana nezvinotevera:

• Kunyangwe bundu iri rakaderera-giredhi kana rakakwira-giredhi astrocytoma.

• Iko kuti bundu rakaumbwa muCNS uye kana rapararira kumatishu ari pedyo kana kune zvimwe zvikamu zvemuviri.

• Kukurumidza sei bundu riri kukura.

• Zera remwana.

• Chero masero ekenza anoramba aripo mushure mekuvhiyiwa.

• Kunyangwe paine shanduko mune mamwe majeni.

• Kunyangwe mwana ane NF1 kana tuberous sclerosis.

• Kunyangwe mwana ane diencephalic syndrome (mamiriro anononoka kukura mumuviri).

• Kunyangwe mwana ane hutachiona hwehutachiona husingaiti (cerebrospinal fluid pressure mukati mehenya iri rakakwirira) panguva yekuongororwa.

• Kunyangwe iyo astrocytoma ichangobva kuongororwa kana kuti yadzokazve (dzoka).

Zvekudzokororazve astrocytoma, kufungidzira uye kurapwa kunoenderana nekuti inguva yakawanda sei yakapfuura pakati penguva yekurapa yakapera uye nenguva iyo astrocytoma yakadzokazve.

Matanho eUdiki Astrocytomas

PFUNGWA DZINOKOSHA

• Chikamu chebundu chinoshandiswa kuronga kurapwa kwekenza.

• Yakadzika-giredhi astrocytomas

• Yakakwira-giredhi astrocytomas

• MRI inoitwa mushure mekuvhiyiwa.

Chikamu chebundu chinoshandiswa kuronga kurapwa kwekenza.

Staging ndiyo nzira inoshandiswa kuziva kuti gomarara rakawanda zvakadii uye kana gomarara rapararira. Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive nhanho kuitira kuronga kurapwa.

Iko hakuna yakajairwa staging system yehucheche astrocytoma. Kurapa kunoenderana nezvinotevera:

• Kunyangwe bundu iri rakaderera giredhi kana rakakwira giredhi.

• Kunyangwe bundu iri richangobva kuongororwa kana kudzokororwa (rakadzoka mushure mekurapwa).

Chikamu chebundu chinotsanangura kusanzwisisika uko maseru ekenza anotaridzika pasi pe microscope uye nekukurumidza kuti bundu racho rinogona kukura nekupararira.

Aya anotevera mamaki anoshandiswa:

Yakadzika-giredhi astrocytomas

Yakaderera-giredhi astrocytomas iri kunonoka-kukura uye kashoma kupararira kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzehuropi uye musana wesipinha kana zvimwe zvikamu zvemuviri. Kune akawanda marudzi eakaderera-giredhi astrocytomas. Yakadzika-giredhi astrocytomas inogona kunge iri:

• Giredhi I mamota-pilocytic astrocytoma, subependymal giant sero bundu, kana angiocentric glioma.

• Giredhi II mamota-anoparadzira astrocytoma, pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma, kana choroid glioma yechitatu ventricle.

Vana vane neurofibromatosis mhando 1 vanogona kuve neanopfuura imwe yakadzika-giredhi bundu muuropi. Vana vane tuberous sclerosis vane njodzi yakawedzera ye subependymal giant cell astrocytoma.

Yakakwira-giredhi astrocytomas

High-grade astrocytomas iri kukurumidza kukura uye inowanzo kupararira mukati mehuropi uye musana. Kune akatiwandei marudzi eepamusoro-giredhi astrocytomas. High grade astrocytomas inogona kunge iri:

• Giredhi III mamota-anaplastic astrocytoma kana anaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma.

• Giredhi IV mamota-glioblastoma kana diffuse midline glioma.

Zvechidiki astrocytomas hazviwanzo kupararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzomuviri.

MRI inoitwa mushure mekuvhiyiwa.

MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) inoitwa mumazuva mashoma ekutanga mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Uku kutsvaga kuti bundu rakadii, kana riripo, rinosara mushure mekuvhiyiwa uye kuronga kumwe kurapwa.

Dzokororo Yehucheche Astrocytomas

Iyo inowanzoitika yehucheche astrocytoma ndeye astrocytoma iyo yakadzokazve (kudzoka) mushure mekurapwa. Gomarara rinogona kudzoka munzvimbo imwechete sebundu rekutanga kana mune mamwe mativi emuviri. High-grade astrocytomas inowanzo dzoka mukati memakore matatu kungave munzvimbo yakatangira kenza kana kumwe kunhu muCNS.

Kurapa Sarudzo Kuongorora

PFUNGWA DZINOKOSHA

• Kune akasiyana marudzi ekurapa kwevarwere vane hudiki astrocytoma.

• Vana vane astrocytomas vanofanirwa kurapwa kwavo kuchirongwa nechikwata chevanoona nezvehutano vari nyanzvi pakurapa hura hwehuropi.

• Uturu hwehudiki hwehupombwe hunogona kukonzera zviratidzo kana zviratidzo zvinotanga kenza isati yaonekwa uye kuenderera kwemwedzi kana makore.

• Kurapa kwehucheche astrocytomas kunogona kukonzera mhedzisiro.

• Mhando nhanhatu dzekurapa dzinoshandiswa:

• Kuvhiya

• Kucherechedza

• Radiation kurapa

• Chemotherapy

• Yakakwira-dose chemotherapy ine stem cell yekuisa

• Targeted kurapwa

• Mhando nyowani dzekurapa dziri kuyedzwa mumakiriniki ekuedzwa.

• Imwe mishonga yekurapa

• Immunotherapy

• Kana furuu ikavakira yakatenderedza uropi uye musana, nzira yekutsvagisa mvura inogona kuitwa.

• Varwere vangangoda kufunga nezve kutora chikamu mukutora kiriniki.

• Varwere vanogona kupinda mumakiriniki miedzo vasati, panguva, kana mushure mekutanga kwavo kenza kurapwa.

• Yekutevera-bvunzo inogona kudikanwa.

Kune akasiyana marudzi ekurapa kwevarwere vane hudiki astrocytoma.

Mhando dzakasiyana dzekurapa dzinowanikwa kune vana vane astrocytomas. Mamwe marapirwo akajairwa (iko kurapwa kwazvino kwashandiswa), uye kumwe kuedzwa mumakiriniki ekuedzwa A kurapwa kiriniki kuyedzwa chidzidzo chekutsvaga chakaitirwa kubatsira kuvandudza marapirwo azvino kana kuwana ruzivo marapirwo matsva evarwere vane gomarara. Kana kiriniki miedzo ikaratidza kuti kurapwa kutsva kuri nani pane kwese kurapwa, kurapwa kutsva kunogona kuve kwakajairwa kurapwa.

Nekuti kenza muvana isingawanzo, kutora chikamu mukutongwa kwekiriniki kunofanirwa kutariswa. Mimwe miedzo yekiriniki yakavhurwa chete kune varwere vasina kutanga kurapwa.

Vana vane astrocytomas vanofanirwa kurapwa kwavo kuchirongwa nechikwata chevanoona nezvehutano vari nyanzvi pakurapa hura hwehuropi.

Kurapa kunozoonekwa nachiremba wevana oncologist, chiremba ane hunyanzvi hwekurapa vana vane gomarara. Vanachiremba oncologist vanoshanda nevamwe vanopa hutano vanove nyanzvi dzekurapa vana vane mamota europi uye vanoziva mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzemishonga. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira vanachiremba vanotevera:

• Chiremba wevana.

• Chiremba neurosurgeon.

• Neurologist.

• Neuropathologist.

• Neuroradiologist.

• Rehabilitation nyanzvi.

• Radiation oncologist.

• Endocrinologist.

• Nyanzvi yezvepfungwa.

Uturu hwehudiki hwehupombwe hunogona kukonzera zviratidzo kana zviratidzo zvinotanga kenza isati yaonekwa uye kuenderera kwemwedzi kana makore.

Zviratidzo kana zviratidzo zvinokonzerwa nebundu zvinogona kutanga usati waongororwa. Izvi zviratidzo kana zviratidzo zvinogona kuenderera kwemwedzi kana makore. Zvakakosha kutaura navanachiremba vemwana wako nezvezviratidzo kana zviratidzo zvinokonzerwa nebundu iro rinogona kuenderera mushure mekurapwa.

Kurapa kwehucheche astrocytomas kunogona kukonzera mhedzisiro.

Kuti uwane ruzivo nezve mhedzisiro inotanga panguva yekurapa kenza, ona yedu Side Mhedzisiro peji.

Zvimwe zvinokonzeresa kubva pakurapwa nekenza zvinotanga mushure mekurapwa uye kuenderera kwemwedzi kana makore zvinonzi kunonoka kuitika Mhedzisiro mhedzisiro yekurapwa nekenza inogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Zvinetso zvepanyama.

• Shanduko mumanzwiro, manzwiro, kufunga, kudzidza, kana ndangariro.

• Gomarara repiri (mhando nyowani dzekenza).

Mimwe mhedzisiro mhedzisiro inogona kurapwa kana kudzorwa. Izvo zvakakosha kuti utaure navanachiremba vemwana wako nezve mhedzisiro yekurapwa nekenza kunogona kuve pamwana wako. (Ona pfupiso ye paMagumo Ekurapa kweKenza Yevacheche kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo.)

Mhando nhanhatu dzekurapa dzinoshandiswa:

Kuvhiya

Kuvhiya kunoshandiswa kuongorora pamwe nekubata hudiki astrocytoma, sezvakakurukurwa muGeneral Ruzivo chikamu chepfupiso iyi. Kana masero ekenza akasara mushure mekuvhiyiwa, kumwezve kurapwa kunoenderana ne:

• Iko kune masero egomarara asara ari.

• Chikamu chebundu.

• Zera remwana.

Mushure mekunge chiremba abvisa kenza yese inoonekwa panguva yekuvhiyiwa, vamwe varwere vanogona kupihwa chemotherapy kana radiation radiation mushure mekuvhiyiwa kuuraya chero gomarara maseru akasara. Mushonga wakapihwa mushure mekuvhiyiwa, kudzikisa njodzi yekuti gomarara richadzoka, inonzi adjuvant therapy.

Kucherechedza

Kucherechedza kuri kunyatsoongorora mamiriro emurwere pasina kupa chero kurapwa kusvikira zviratidzo kana zviratidzo zvaonekwa kana kuchinja. Kucherekedza kunogona kushandiswa:

• Kana murwere asina zviratidzo, sevarwere vane neurofibromatosis type1.

• Kana bundu iri riri diki uye rikawanikwa kana rimwe dambudziko rehutano riri kuongororwa kana kurapwa.

• Mushure mekunge bundu rabviswa nekuvhiyiwa kusvikira zviratidzo kana zviratidzo zvaonekwa kana kuchinja.

Radiation kurapa

Radiation kurapa kurapwa kenza iyo inoshandisa yakakwira-simba x-rays kana mamwe marudzi e radiation kuuraya cancer maseru kana kuachengeta iwo kuti asakure. Kune mhando mbiri dze radiation radiation:

• External radiation therapy inoshandisa muchina uri kunze kwemuviri kutumira radiation kune kenza. Dzimwe nzira dzekupa mishonga ye radiation dzinogona kubatsira kuchengetedza mwaranzi kubva mukukuvadza nyama iri pedyo ine hutano. Aya marudzi erapi radiation anosanganisira anotevera:

• Conformal radiation therapy: Conformal radiation kurapwa rudzi rwekunze radiation radiation iyo inoshandisa komputa kugadzira 3-dimensional (3-D) pikicha yebundu uye inoumba iwo mamirioni matanda kuti akwane bundu.

• Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT): IMRT imhando ye3-dimensional (3-D) yekunze radiation kurapwa iyo inoshandisa komputa kugadzira mifananidzo yehukuru uye chimiro chebundu. Matanda matete emwaranzi yemasimba akasiyana (simba) anovavarira bundu kubva pamakona mazhinji.

• Stereotactic radiation kurapwa: Stereotactic radiation kurapwa rudzi rwekunze radiation radiation. Rakaomarara musoro furemu wakasungirirwa padehenya kuti musoro urambe wakadzikama panguva yekurapwa nemwaranzi. Mushini unonangisa mwaranzi zvakananga pabundu. Iyo yakazara mwero yemwaranzi yakakamurwa kuita akati wandei madhizaini madiki anopiwa kwemazuva mazhinji. Maitiro aya anonziwo stereotactic ekunze-beam radiation kurapwa uye stereotaxic radiation kurapwa.

• Proton beam radiation Therapy: Proton-beam kurapa rudzi rweakakwira-simba, ekunze radiation kurapwa. Mushini wekurapa nemwaranzi unovavarira nzizi dzemapurotoni (zvidiki, zvisingaonekwe, zvine mutsindo) mumasero ekenza kuvauraya.

• Yemukati radiation kurapwa kunoshandisa radioactive chinhu chakavharirwa mune tsono, mhodzi, waya, kana makateti anoiswa akananga mukati kana padyo nekenza.

Nzira iyo marapi ekurapa anopiwa anoenderana nerudzi rwebundu uye uko bundu rakaumbwa muuropi kana musana. External radiation therapy inoshandiswa kurapa hudiki astrocytomas.

Radiation kurapwa kuuropi kunogona kukanganisa kukura uye kukura, kunyanya muvana vadiki. Kune vana vari pasi pemakore matatu, chemotherapy inogona kupihwa pachinzvimbo, kunonoka kana kudzikisa kudiwa kwe radiation radiation.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy mushonga wekenza unoshandisa mishonga kumisa kukura kwemasero ekenza, kungave nekuuraya maseru kana nekuamisa iwo kubva pakupatsanuka. Kana chemotherapy ikatorwa nemuromo kana kujowa mutsinga kana mhasuru, mishonga inopinda muropa uye inogona kusvika masero emukenza mumuviri wese (systemic chemotherapy). Kana chemotherapy ikaiswa yakanangana necerebrospinal fluid, nhengo, kana dumbu remuviri senge dumbu, mishonga inonyanya kukanganisa maseru ekenza munzvimbo idzodzo (chemotherapy yedunhu). Kusanganisa chemotherapy ndiko kushandiswa kweanopfuura imwe anticancer mushonga.

Nzira iyo chemotherapy inopihwa inoenderana nerudzi rwechironda uye panowanikwa bundu muuropi kana musana. Systemic mubatanidzwa chemotherapy inoshandiswa pakurapa vana vane astrocytoma. Yakakwira-dose chemotherapy inogona kushandiswa pakurapa kwevana vane vachangoonekwa vepamusoro-giredhi astrocytoma.

Yakakwira-dose chemotherapy ine stem cell yekuisa

Yakakwira madosi ekemotherapy anopiwa kuuraya cancer maseru. Masero ane hutano, kusanganisira masero anogadzira ropa, anoparadzwa nekenza kurapwa. Stem cell transplant kurapwa kwekutsiva maseru anogadzira ropa. Masero emashizha (masero eropa asina kusimba) anobviswa muropa kana mwongo wemapfupa emurwere kana mupi uye anoomeswa nechando. Mushure mekunge murwere apedza chemotherapy, maseru akachengetwa anonyungudutswa uye ndokudzoserwa kumurwere kuburikidza nekumukiswa. Aya akadzikiswa maseru emadzinde anokura kuita (uye kudzoreredza) masero eropa emuviri.

Kune yepamusoro-grade astrocytoma yakadzoka mushure mekurapwa, yakakwira-dose chemotherapy ine stem cell yekuisa inoshandiswa kana paine chete padiki diki bundu.

Targeted kurapwa

Targeted therapy mhando yekurapa inoshandisa zvinodhaka kana zvimwe zvinhu kuti zvione uye kurwisa chaiwo maseru ekenza pasina kukuvadza zvakajairika maseru.

Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzeakanangwa kurapwa.

• Monoclonal antibody therapy inoshandisa masoja akagadzirwa murabhoritari, kubva kune imwechete mhando yemasoja ekudzivirira maseru, kumisa maseru ekenza Aya ma antibodies anokwanisa kuona zvinhu pane cancer cancer kana zvakajairika zvinhu zvinogona kubatsira gomarara maseru kukura. Masoja ekudzivirira chirwere anonamira pazvinhu uye anouraya maseru egomarara, anovharira kukura kwawo, kana kuti aachengetedze kubva pakupararira. MaMonoclonal antibodies anopiwa nekupinzwa mutsinga. Inogona kushandiswa yoga kana kutakura zvinodhaka, chepfu, kana zvinhu zvine radioactive zvakanangana nemasero ekenza.

Vascular endothelial grow factor (VEGF) inhibitor kurapa rudzi rwe monoclonal antibody therapy:

• VEGF inhibitor kurapa: Masero eCancer anoita chinhu chinonzi VEGF, icho chinokonzera mitsipa yeropa mitsva kuumba (angiogenesis) uye inobatsira gomarara kukura. VEGF inhibitors inovhara VEGF uye inomisa matsva eropa kubva pakuumba. Izvi zvinogona kuuraya maseru egomarara nekuti anoda matsva eropa matsva kukura. Bevacizumab ndeye VEGF inhibitor uye angiogenesis inhibitor iri kushandiswa kurapa hudiki astrocytoma.

• Protein kinase inhibitors anoshanda nenzira dzakasiyana. Kune akatiwandei marudzi eprotini kinase inhibitors.

• mTOR inhibitors anomisa maseru kubva pakupatsanurwa uye anogona kudzivirira kukura kwemidzi mitsva yeropa iyo mamota anoda kukura. Everolimus uye sirolimus ndeye mTOR inhibitors anoshandiswa kurapa hudiki subependymal giant cell astrocytomas. mTOR inhibitors zvakare ari kuongororwa kuti arape yakaderera-giredhi astrocytoma iyo yadzokazve.

• BRAF inhibitors inovhara mapuroteni anodiwa mukukura kwemasero uye anogona kuuraya maseru ekenza. Iyo BRAF geni inowanikwa mune yakachinjika (yakashandurwa) fomu mune mamwe magliomas uye ichiivharira inogona kubatsira kuchengetedza cancer maseru kubva mukukura Iyo BRAF inhibitor dabrafenib iri kuongororwa kuti irape yakaderera-giredhi astrocytoma iyo yadzokazve. Mamwe maBRAF inhibitors, anosanganisira vemurafenib uye trametinib, ari kuongororwa muvana.

• MEK inhibitors anovhara mapuroteni anodikanwa mukukura kwemaseru uye anogona kuuraya maseru ekenza. MEK inhibitors senge selumetinib iri kuongororwa kuti irape yakaderera-giredhi astrocytoma iyo yadzokazve.

• PARP inhibitors inovhara enzyme inonzi PARP inobatanidzwa mune akawanda maseru mashandiro. Kuvhara PARP kunogona kubatsira kuchengetedza maseru emukenza kubva kugadzirisa yavo yakakuvara DNA, ichivaita kuti vafe. Veliparib iri PARP inhibitor iri kudzidzwa pamwe chete ne radiation radiation uye chemotherapy yekurapa ichangobatwa malignant glioma iyo isina shanduko (shanduko) mubara reBRAF.

Ona Zvinodhaka Zvinotenderwa zveBongo Tumarara kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo.

Mhando nyowani dzekurapa dziri kuyedzwa mumakiriniki ekuedzwa.

Ichi chidimbu chikamu chinotsanangura kurapwa kuri kuongororwa mumakiriniki ekuedzwa. Zvinogona kusataura nezveese marapirwo matsva ari kuongororwa. Ruzivo nezve kiriniki miedzo inowanikwa kubva kuNCI webhusaiti.

Imwe mishonga yekurapa

Lenalidomide rudzi rwe angiogenesis inhibitor. Iyo inodzivirira kukura kwemidziyo mitsva yeropa inodikanwa nebundu kukura.

Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy kurapwa kunoshandisa immune system yemurwere kurwisa gomarara. Zvinhu zvinogadzirwa nemuviri kana kugadzirwa murabhoritari zvinoshandiswa kusimudzira, kunongedza, kana kudzorera kudzivirira kwemuviri kurwisa kenza. Rudzi rwekurapa kenza urwu rwunonziwo biotherapy kana biologic therapy.

• Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: PD-1 ipuroteni iri pamusoro peT maseru ayo anobatsira kuchengetedza mhinduro dzemumuviri. Kana PD-1 yakanamatira kune imwe protein inonzi PDL-1 pane kenza kenza, inomisa iyo T cell kuuraya kenza kenza. PD-1 inhibitors inonamira kuPDL-1 uye inobvumira iwo maseru eT kuuraya maseru ekenza. PD-1 inhibitors iri kuongororwa kuti irape yepamusoro-giredhi astrocytoma iyo yadzokazve.

Immune checkpoint inhibitor. Checkpoint mapuroteni, akadai sePD-L1 pane maseru emota uye PD-1 pane T maseru, anobatsira kuchengetedza mhinduro dzemumuviri. Iko kusungwa kwePD-L1 kusvika PD-1 kunoita kuti masero eT arege kuuraya tumarara maseru mumuviri (kuruboshwe pani). Kuvhara kusunga kwePD-L1 kusvika PD-1 ine immune checkpoint inhibitor (anti-PD-L1 kana anti-PD-1) inobvumira iwo maseru eT kuuraya matumbo maseru (kurudyi pani).

Kana furuu ikavakira yakatenderedza uropi uye musana, nzira yekutsvagisa mvura inogona kuitwa.

Cerebrospinal fluid diversion inzira inoshandiswa kubvisa mvura yakavaka yakatenderedza uropi uye musana. Iyo shunt (yakareba, yakatetepa chubhu) inoiswa mune ventricle (nzvimbo inozadzwa nemvura) yehuropi uye yakasungirirwa pasi peganda kune chimwe chikamu chemuviri, kazhinji dumbu. Iyo shunt inotakura yakawedzera mvura kubva muuropi kuti igone kupinzwa kumwe kunhu mumuviri.

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) kusiyanisa. Yakawedzera CSF inobviswa kubva mu ventricle muuropi kuburikidza ne shunt (chubhu) uye inodururwa mudumbu. Avhavha inodzora kuyerera kweCSF.

Varwere vangangoda kufunga nezve kutora chikamu mukutora kiriniki.

Kune vamwe varwere, kutora chikamu mumuedzo wekiriniki inogona kunge iri sarudzo yekurapa yakanyanya kunaka. Kliniki miedzo chikamu chekenza tsvagiridzo. Zvemakiriniki miedzo inoitwa kuti uone kana marapirwo matsva egomarara akachengeteka uye achishanda kana zvirinani pane akajairwa kurapwa.

Mazhinji emazuva ano marapirwo akajairwa ekenza akavakirwa pamavambo emakiriniki ekuedzwa. Varwere vanotora chikamu mukuyedzwa kwekiriniki vanogona kuwana kurapwa kwakaringana kana kuve pakati pevekutanga kurapwa kutsva.

Varwere vanotora chikamu mumiedzo yekiriniki zvakare vanobatsira kugadzirisa marapirwo achaitwa kenza mune ramangwana. Kunyangwe kana miedzo yemakiriniki isinga tangire kumarapirwo matsva anoshanda, anowanzo pindura mibvunzo yakakosha uye anobatsira kufambisira mberi kutsvagurudza.

Varwere vanogona kupinda mumakiriniki miedzo vasati, panguva, kana mushure mekutanga kwavo kenza kurapwa.

Mimwe miedzo yekiriniki inosanganisira chete varwere vasati vagamuchira kurapwa. Mimwe miedzo yekuedza kurapwa kwevarwere vane kenza haina kuve nani. Kune mamwezve emakiriniki miedzo inoedza nzira nyowani dzekumisa cancer kubva kudzokororazve (kudzoka) kana kudzikisira mhedzisiro yemakenza kurapwa.

Kuedzwa kwemakiriniki kuri kuitika munzvimbo zhinji dzenyika. Ruzivo nezve kiriniki miedzo inotsigirwa neNCI inogona kuwanikwa paNCI yekiriniki miedzo yekutsvaga peji rewebhu. Kliniki miedzo inotsigirwa nemamwe masangano inogona kuwanikwa pane yeClinicalTrials.gov webhusaiti.

Yekutevera-bvunzo inogona kudikanwa.

Mimwe miedzo yakaitwa kuongorora gomarara kana kutsvaga danho rekenza inogona kudzokororwa. (Ona Chikamu cheRuzivo Ruzhinji nezve runyorwa rweyedzo.) Dzimwe bvunzo dzinodzokororwa kuitira kuti uone kuti kurapwa kuri kushanda sei. Sarudzo nezvekuti uenderere mberi, shandura, kana kumisa kurapwa kunogona kunge kuchibva pamhedzisiro yeiyi bvunzo.

Kazhinji maRIs anoenderera mberi achiitwa mushure mekurapwa kwapera. Mhedzisiro yeMRI inogona kuratidza kana mamiriro emwana wako achinja kana kana iyo astrocytoma yadzoka (dzoka). Kana zvabuda zveMRI zvichiratidza kuwanda muuropi, bhaopsy inogona kuitwa kuti izive kana yakaumbwa nematumbu akafa kana kuti kana masero emukenza matsva ari kukura.

Kurapa Sarudzo dzeUdiki Astrocytomas

Muchikamu chino

• Ichangobva Kuzivikanwa Yevacheche Yakadzika-Giredhi Astrocytomas

• Kudzokororwa Kwevacheche Kuderera-Giredhi Astrocytomas

• Ichangobva Kuzivikanwa Yevacheche Yakakwira-Giredhi Astrocytomas

• Dzokororo Yehucheche Yakakwira-Giredhi Astrocytomas

Kuti uwane ruzivo nezve marapirwo akanyorwa pazasi, ona iyo Chikamu Sarudzo Yekutarisa Chikamu.

Ichangobva Kuzivikanwa Yevacheche Yakadzika-Giredhi Astrocytomas

Kana bundu rikatanga kuongororwa, kurapwa kwehucheche-giredhi astrocytoma kunoenderana nekuti bundu riripi, uye rinowanzo kuvhiyiwa. MRI inoitwa mushure mekuvhiyiwa kuti uone kana paine bundu rasara.

Kana bundu rakabviswa zvachose nekuvhiyiwa, kumwe kurapwa kungangodaro kusingadiwe uye mwana anotariswa zvakanyanya kuti aone kana zviratidzo kana zviratidzo zvichioneka kana kuchinja. Izvi zvinonzi kucherechedza.

Kana paine bundu rasara mushure mekuvhiyiwa, kurapwa kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kucherechedza.

• Kuvhiya kwechipiri kubvisa bundu.

• Radiation therapy, iyo inogona kusanganisira conformal radiation kurapwa, yakasimba-modulated radiation kurapwa, proton beam radiation radiation, kana stereotactic radiation kurapwa, apo bundu rinotanga kukura zvakare.

• Kusanganiswa chemotherapy pamwe kana pasina radiation radiation.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwekurapa kwakanangwa pamwe nekubatanidzwa kweBRAF inhibitors (dabrafenib uye trametinib) kune varwere vane shanduko mubhaini reRAF

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kucherechedza kunoshandiswa kune vana vane nzira yekuona glioma. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kurapwa kunogona kusanganisira kuvhiyiwa kubvisa bundu, radiation radiation, kana chemotherapy. Chinangwa chekurapa ndechekuchengetedza zvakanyanya kuona sezvinobvira. Mhedzisiro yekukura kwechirwere pane chiratidzo chemwana ichateverwa zvakanyanya panguva yekurapwa.

Vana vane neurofibromatosis mhando 1 (NF1) vangangoda kurapwa kunze kwekunge bundu ramera kana zviratidzo kana zviratidzo, senge matambudziko ekuona, zvioneke. Kana bundu rikakura kana zviratidzo kana zviratidzo zvikaonekwa, kurapwa kunogona kusanganisira kuvhiyiwa kubvisa bundu, radiation radiation, uye / kana chemotherapy.

Vana vane tuberous sclerosis vanogona kukura benign (kwete cancer) mamota muuropi anonzi subependymal giant cell astrocytomas (SEGAs). Targeted therapy neeverolimus kana sirolimus inogona kushandiswa panzvimbo pekuvhiyiwa, kudzikamisa mamota.

Shandisa yedu kiriniki yekuyedza kutsvaga kutsvaga NCI-yakatsigirwa kenza kiriniki miedzo iri kugamuchira varwere. Unogona kutsvaga miedzo zvichibva parudzi rwecancer, zera remurwere, uye iko kunoitwa miyedzo. Ruzhinji ruzivo nezve zvekuedzwa zvekiriniki zvakare zviripo.

Kudzokororwa Kwevacheche Kuderera-Giredhi Astrocytomas

Kana yakadzika-giredhi astrocytoma inodzokazve mushure mekurapwa, inowanzo dzoka pakatanga kuumbwa bundu. Pamberi pekupihwa gomarara kurapwa, kuongororwa kwekufungidzira, biopsy, kana kuvhiya kunoitwa kuti uone kana paine kenza uye yakawanda sei.

Kurapa kweanodzokororwa hudiki-giredhi astrocytoma inogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kuvhiya kwechipiri kubvisa bundu, kana kuvhiyiwa ndiko chete kurapwa kwakapihwa pakatanga kuongororwa bundu.

• Radiation kurapwa kune iro bundu chete, kana radiation radiation haina kushandiswa apo bundu riya rakatanga kuongororwa. Conformal radiation kurapwa kunogona kupihwa.

• Chemotherapy, kana bundu rikadzokerazve uko risingakwanise kubviswa nekuvhiyiwa kana murwere aine radiation radiation apo bundu riya parakatanga kuongororwa.

• Targeted Therapy ine monoclonal antibody (bevacizumab) ine kana isina chemotherapy.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kunoongorora muyenzaniso wemota yemurwere kune mamwe magene ekuchinja. Rudzi rwekurapa kwakanangwa kuchapihwa kumurwere kunoenderana nerudzi rwechinjo yemajini.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki yekurapa kwakanangwa neBRAF inhibitor (dabrafenib), mTOR inhibitor (everolimus), kana MEK inhibitor (selumetinib).

Shandisa yedu kiriniki yekuyedza kutsvaga kutsvaga NCI-yakatsigirwa kenza kiriniki miedzo iri kugamuchira varwere. Unogona kutsvaga miedzo zvichibva parudzi rwecancer, zera remurwere, uye iko kunoitwa miyedzo. Ruzhinji ruzivo nezve zvekuedzwa zvekiriniki zvakare zviripo.

Ichangobva Kuzivikanwa Yevacheche Yakakwira-Giredhi Astrocytomas

Kurapa kwehucheche-giredhi astrocytoma kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kuvhiya kubvisa bundu, kuchiteverwa nekemotherapy uye / kana radiation radiation.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwekurapwa kutsva.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kweakanangwa kurapwa neIPARP inhibitor (veliparib) inosanganiswa ne radiation radiation uye chemotherapy yekurapa ichangobatwa malignant glioma iyo isina shanduko (shanduko) mubara reBRAF.

Shandisa yedu kiriniki yekuyedza kutsvaga kutsvaga NCI-yakatsigirwa kenza kiriniki miedzo iri kugamuchira varwere. Unogona kutsvaga miedzo zvichibva parudzi rwecancer, zera remurwere, uye iko kunoitwa miyedzo. Ruzhinji ruzivo nezve zvekuedzwa zvekiriniki zvakare zviripo.

Dzokororo Yehucheche Yakakwira-Giredhi Astrocytomas

Kana yepamusoro-grade astrocytoma inodzokazve mushure mekurapwa, inowanzo dzoka pakatanga kuumbwa bundu. Pamberi pekupihwa gomarara kurapwa, kuongororwa kwekufungidzira, biopsy, kana kuvhiya kunoitwa kuti uone kana paine kenza uye yakawanda sei.

Kurapa kweanodzokororwa hudiki-giredhi astrocytoma inogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kuvhiya kubvisa bundu.

• Yakakwira-dose chemotherapy ine stem cell yekuisa.

• Kurapa kwakanangidzirwa neBRAF inhibitor (vemurafenib kana dabrafenib).

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kweye immunotherapy ine immune checkpoint inhibitor.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kunoongorora muyenzaniso wemota yemurwere kune mamwe magene ekuchinja. Rudzi rwekurapa kwakanangwa kuchapihwa kumurwere kunoenderana nerudzi rwechinjo yemajini.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwekurapa kwakanangwa pamwe nekubatanidzwa kweBRAF inhibitors (dabrafenib uye trametinib) kune varwere vane shanduko mubhaini reRAF

Shandisa yedu kiriniki yekuyedza kutsvaga kutsvaga NCI-yakatsigirwa kenza kiriniki miedzo iri kugamuchira varwere. Unogona kutsvaga miedzo zvichibva parudzi rwecancer, zera remurwere, uye iko kunoitwa miyedzo. Ruzhinji ruzivo nezve zvekuedzwa zvekiriniki zvakare zviripo.

Kuti udzidze Zvakawanda Nezvehucheche Astrocytomas

Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezve hudiki astrocytomas, ona zvinotevera:

• Targeted Cancer Therapies

• Chiremba Brain Tumor Consortium (PBTC) Buda Disclaimer

Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo rwegomarara rehucheche uye zvimwe zvecancer zviwanikwa, ona zvinotevera:

• Nezve Kenza

• Cancers Yevacheche

• Kurapa Kutsvaga Kwevana Cancer Buda Disclaimer

• Mahedhi Ekupedzisira Ekurapwa kweKenza Yevacheche

• Vechidiki uye Vechidiki Vakuru vane Cancer

• Vana vane Cancer: Nhungamiro Yevabereki

• Kenza muVana neVachiri kuyaruka

• Stage

• Kurarama neCancer

• Mibvunzo Yekubvunza Wako Chiremba nezveCancer

• Kune Vakapona uye Vanotarisira