Types/anal/patient/anal-treatment-pdq

Anal Cancer Kurapa (®) -Patient Shanduro

Ruzivo Ruzhinji Nezve Anal Cancer

PFUNGWA DZINOKOSHA

• Gomarara rekanzuru chirwere icho chinotyisa (gomarara) maseru anoumba munyama dzeanus.

• Kutapukirwa nepillomavirus yemunhu (HPV) kunowedzera njodzi yekuva negomarara repanhengo.

• Zviratidzo zvegomarara rezvemashure zvinosanganisira kubuda ropa kubva muchigubhu kana muhudyu kana bundu padhuze nehure.

• Kuyedza kunoongorora rectum uye anus zvinoshandiswa kuona (kuwana) uye kuongorora gomarara repanhengo.

• Zvimwe zvinhu zvinokanganisa kufungidzira (mukana wekupora) uye nzira dzekurapa.

Gomarara rekanzuru chirwere icho chinotyisa (gomarara) maseru anoumba munyama dzeanus.

Iyo anus ndiko kupera kwematumbo mahombe, pazasi pechikamu, kuburikidza napo chituru (tsvina yakasimba) chinosiya muviri. Iyo anus inoumbika muchidimbu kubva kune ekunze matanda eganda emuviri uye zvimwe kubva kuura. Misumbu miviri yakaita kunge mhete, inonzi sphincter mhasuru, vhura uye uvhare iyo yekuvhura anal uye rega stool ipfuure kunze kwemuviri. Canal canal, iyo chikamu chenduru pakati pe rectum uye yekuvhura anal, inenge 1-1½ inches.

Anatomy yepasi yekugaya system, inoratidza iyo colon nedzimwe nhengo.

Ganda rakatenderedza kunze kweiyo anus inonzi nzvimbo yeperianal. Tumota munzvimbo ino mapundu eganda, kwete gomarara repanhengo.

Kutapukirwa nepillomavirus yemunhu (HPV) kunowedzera njodzi yekuva negomarara repanhengo.

Njodzi zvinhu zvinosanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kutapukirwa nepillomavirus yemunhu (HPV).

• Kuva nevakawanda pabonde.

• Kuva nekurara pabonde (garo rekumashure).

• Kuva mukuru kudarika makore makumi mashanu.

• Kazhinji kudzora anal, kuzvimba, uye kusuruvara.

• Kuva nean anal fistula (isina kujairika kuvhura).

• Kusvuta midzanga.

Zviratidzo zvegomarara rezvemashure zvinosanganisira kubuda ropa kubva muchigubhu kana muhudyu kana bundu padhuze nehure.

Izvi uye zvimwe zviratidzo nezviratidzo zvinogona kukonzerwa negomarara repanhengo kana nemamwe mamiriro. Tarisa nachiremba wako kana iwe uine chero chinotevera:

• Kubuda ropa kubva kune anus kana rectum.

• Marwadzo kana kumanikidzwa munzvimbo yakatenderedza anus.

• Kuchema kana kubuda kubva kune anus.

• Bundu riri padyo negaro.

• Shanduko mutsika.

Kuyedza kunoongorora rectum uye anus zvinoshandiswa kuona (kuwana) uye kuongorora gomarara repanhengo.

Iyi inotevera bvunzo uye maitiro anogona kushandiswa:

• Kuongorora kwepanyama uye nhoroondo: Kuongororwa kwemuviri kutarisa zviratidzo zvehutano, kusanganisira kuongorora zviratidzo zvehosha, zvakadai semapundu kana chero chinhu chinoratidzika sechisina kujairika. Nhoroondo yemaitiro ehutano hwemurwere uye kurwara kwakapfuura uye kurapwa kuchatorwawo.

• Dhijitari rectal bvunzo (DRE): Kuongorora kweanus uye rectum Chiremba kana mukoti vanoisa chigunwe chakazorwa mafuta, chakapfekerwa mukati mechikamu chepasi kuti unzwe mapundu kana chero chinhu chinoratidzika sechisina kujairika.

Dhijitari rectal bvunzo (DRE). Chiremba anoisa chigunwe chakapfekedzwa, chakakora mumutsara uye anonzwa rectum, anus, uye prostate (mune varume) kutarisa chero chisina kujairika.

• Anoscopy: Kuongorora kweanus uye yakadzika rectum uchishandisa ipfupi, yakavhenekerwa chubhu inonzi anoscope.

• Proctoscopy: Maitiro ekutarisa mukati meye rectum uye anus kutarisa nzvimbo dzisina kujairika, uchishandisa proctoscope. Proctoscope chinhu chakaonda, chubhu-senge ine mwenje uye lens yekuona mukati meiyo rectum uye anus. Iyo inogona zvakare kuve nechishandiso chekubvisa matissue sampuli, ayo anoongororwa pasi pe microscope yezviratidzo zvegomarara.

• Endo-anal kana endorectal ultrasound: Iyo nzira iyo iyo ultrasound transducer (probe) inoiswa mukati meanus kana rectum uye inoshandiswa kubhabhadzira yakasimba-simba ruzha mafungu (ultrasound) kubva mukati memukati matumbu kana mitezo uye kuita maungira. Maungira anoumba mufananidzo wemuviri munyama unonzi sonogram.

• Biopsy: Kubviswa kwemasero kana zvinyama kuitira kuti vagone kutariswa pasi pe microscope nachiremba wekutarisa zviratidzo zvecancer. Kana nzvimbo isina kujairika ichionekwa panguva yeascopy, biopsy inogona kuitwa panguva iyoyo.

Zvimwe zvinhu zvinokanganisa kufungidzira (mukana wekupora) uye nzira dzekurapa.

Kufungidzira (mukana wekupora) kunoenderana nezvinotevera:

• Kukura kwebundu.

• Iko iko bundu riri mune iyo anus.

• Kunyangwe iyo cancer yakapararira kune iyo lymph node.

Sarudzo dzekurapa dzinoenderana nezvinotevera:

• Chikamu checancer.

• Iko iko bundu riri mune iyo anus.

• Kunyangwe murwere aine hutachiona hwehutachiona hwehutachiona hweHIV (HIV).

• Kunyangwe kenza inosara mushure mekutanga kurapwa kana kuti yadzoka zvakare.

Matanho eAn Cancer

PFUNGWA DZINOKOSHA

• Mushure mekunge gomarara repanhengo raonekwa, kuongororwa kunoitwa kuti uone kana gomarara maseru rapararira mukati meanus kana kune zvimwe zvikamu zvemuviri.

• Pane nzira nhatu dzinopararira negomarara mumuviri.

• Gomarara rinogona kutapukira kubva kwarakatanga kuenda kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.

• Matanho anotevera anoshandiswa pagomarara repamberi:

• Chikamu 0

• Chikamu I

• Chikamu II

• Chikamu chechitatu

• Chikamu IV

Mushure mekunge gomarara repanhengo raonekwa, kuongororwa kunoitwa kuti uone kana gomarara maseru rapararira mukati meanus kana kune zvimwe zvikamu zvemuviri.

Maitiro anoshandiswa kutsvaga kana gomarara rapararira mukati meanus kana kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri inonzi staging. Ruzivo rwakaunganidzwa kubva munzira yekugadzwa rinotara danho rechirwere. Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive nhanho kuitira kuronga kurapwa. Iyi miedzo inotevera inogona kushandiswa mukutora matanho:

• CT scan (CAT scan): Maitiro anoita akateedzana emifananidzo yakajeka yenzvimbo dziri mukati memuviri, senge dumbu kana chipfuva, chakatorwa kubva kumakona akasiyana. Mifananidzo yacho inogadzirwa nekombuta yakabatana neiyo x-ray muchina. Dhayi inogona kuiswa jekiseni kana kumedzwa kubatsira nhengo kana zvinyama kuratidza zvakajeka. Iyi nzira inonziwo computed tomography, computerized tomography, kana komputa axial tomography. Nezve kenza yemazamu, CT scan yemukati uye mudumbu inogona kuitwa.

• Chest x-ray: X-ray yenhengo nemapfupa mukati mechipfuva. X-ray imhando yesimba remagetsi rinogona kupfuura nemuviri uye kupinda mufirimu, richiita mufananidzo wenzvimbo dziri mukati memuviri.

• MRI (magnetic resonance imaging): Maitiro anoshandisa magineti, masaisai eredhiyo, uye komputa kugadzira yakateedzana mifananidzo yakajeka yenzvimbo dziri mukati memuviri. Iyi nzira inonziwo nyukireya magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI).

• PET scan (positron emission tomography scan): Iyo nzira yekuwana yakaipa malonda maseru mumuviri. Chishoma che radioactive glucose (shuga) inoiswa mutsinga. Iyo PET scanner inotenderera yakatenderedza muviri uye inogadzira mufananidzo wepo glucose iri kushandiswa mumuviri. Malignant tumarara maseru anoratidza kupenya mumufananidzo nekuti anoshanda uye anotora glucose yakawanda kupfuura zvinoita maseru akajairwa.

• Pelvic bvunzo: Kuongororwa kwemukadzi, chibereko, chibereko, fallopian machubhu, ovari, uye rectum. A speculum inowanikwa mukati memukadzi uye chiremba kana mukoti anotarisa kumukadzi nemuromo wechibereko kune zviratidzo zvehosha. Kuedzwa kwePap kwechibereko chechibereko kunowanzoitwa. Chiremba kana mukoti vanoisawo rimwe kana maviri akazorwa mafuta, zvigunwe zvakaiswa ruoko rweumwe ruoko mukati memukadzi uye anoisa rumwe ruoko pamusoro pezasi peguvhu kuti unzwe kukura, chimiro, uye chinzvimbo chechibereko nemazai. Chiremba kana mukoti anoisawo chigunwe chakazorwa mafuta, chakapfekerwa muguruva kuti unzwe mabundu kana nzvimbo dzisina kujairika.

Kuongorora kwepelvic. Chiremba kana mukoti vanoisa imwe kana miviri yakazorwa mafuta, zvigunwe zvakaiswa ruoko rweumwe ruoko mukati memukadzi uye kutsikirira padumbu rezasi nerumwe ruoko. Izvi zvinoitwa kuti unzwe kukura, chimiro, uye chinzvimbo chechibereko nemazai. Iyo vagina, cervix, fallopian machubhu, uye rectum inoongororwawo.

Pane nzira nhatu dzinopararira negomarara mumuviri.

Kenza inogona kupararira kuburikidza nematinji, iyo lymph system, uye neropa:

• Tishu. Kenza inopararira kubva kwayakatanga nekukura ichipinda munzvimbo dziri pedyo.

• Lymph maitiro. Kenza inopararira kubva kwayakatanga nekupinda muiyo lymph system. Kenza inofamba nemumidziyo yema lymph ichienda kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.

• Ropa. Kenza inopararira kubva payakatanga nekupinda muropa. Kenza inofamba nemidzi yeropa ichienda kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.

Gomarara rinogona kutapukira kubva kwarakatanga kuenda kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.

Kana kenza ikapararira kune chimwe chikamu chemuviri, inonzi metastasis. Cancer maseru anotsemuka kubva kwaakatanga (iro bundu rekutanga) uye achifamba kuburikidza neye lymph system kana ropa.

• Lymph maitiro. Gomarara rinopinda mu "lymph system", rinofamba nemumidziyo ye "lymph", uye rinogadzira bundu (metastatic tumor) mune chimwe chikamu chemuviri.

• Ropa. Kenza inopinda muropa, inofamba nemutsinga dzeropa, yoita bundu (metastatic tumor) mune chimwe chikamu chemuviri.

Iyo metastatic bundu irwo rudzi rwecancer seyakanyanya bundu. Semuenzaniso, kana kenza yekumashure ikapararira ichienda kumapapu, masero emukenza ari mumapapu ndiwo masero emukenza chaiwo. Hosha iyi metastatic anal cancer, kwete yemapapu cancer.

Matanho anotevera anoshandiswa pagomarara repamberi:

Chikamu 0

Muchikamu che0, masero asina kujairika anowanikwa mu mucosa (mukati-kati mechikamu) cheanus. Aya maseru asina kujairika anogona kuva cancer uye achipararira mune zvinyama zviri pedyo. Chikamu 0 chinonzi zvakare chepamusoro-giredhi squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL).

Saizi yemamota inowanzo kuyerwa mukati masendimita (cm) kana inches. Zvekudya zvakajairika zvinogona kushandiswa kuratidza kukura kwemarara mumasendimita zvinosanganisira: pizi (1 cm), nzungu (2 cm), mazambiringa (3 cm), walnuts (4 cm), lime (5 cm kana 2 masendimita), zai (6 cm), peach (7 cm), uye grapefruit (10 cm kana 4 inches).

Chikamu I

Muchikamu chekutanga, gomarara raumba uye bundu racho riri 2 masendimita kana madiki.

Chikamu II

Chikamu chechipiri chekenza yemukati inopatsanurwa muzvikamu IIA uye IIB.

• Muchikamu IIA, bundu rakakura kupfuura masendimita maviri asi risina kukura kupfuura masendimita mashanu.

• Muchikamu IIB, bundu rakakura kudarika masendimita mashanu.

Chikamu chechitatu

Stage III gomarara repamusana rakakamurwa muzvikamu IIIA, IIIB, uye IIIC.

• Muchikamu IIIA, bundu iri masendimita mashanu kana diki uye rakapararira kune lymph node padyo neanus kana kugomera.

• Muchikamu IIIB, bundu iri chero saizi uye rakapararira kune nhengo dziri pedyo, senge mukadzi, urethra, kana bladder. Kenza haina kupararira kune lymph node.

• Muchikamu IIIC, bundu iri chero saizi uye inogona kunge yakapararira kunhengo dziri pedyo. Gomarara rapararira kuma lymph node padyo neanus kana kugomera.

Chikamu IV

Muchikamu IV, bundu iri chero saizi. Kenza inogona kunge yakapararira kune lymph node kana nhengo dzepedyo uye yakapararira kune zvimwe zvikamu zvemuviri, zvakaita sechiropa kana mapapu.

Anowanzoitika Anal Cancer

Gomarara rinowanzoitika gomarara igomarara rakadzokazve (radzoka) mushure mekurapwa. Gomarara rinogona kudzoka muanus kana mune mamwe mativi emuviri.

Kurapa Sarudzo Kuongorora

PFUNGWA DZINOKOSHA

• Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzekurapwa kwevarwere vane gomarara repanhengo.

• Mhando mitatu yekurapa kwakajairika inoshandiswa:

• Radiation kurapa

• Chemotherapy

• Kuvhiya

• Kuve nehutachiona hwehutachiona hwevanhu kunogona kukanganisa kurapwa kwegomarara repanhengo.

• Mhando nyowani dzekurapa dziri kuyedzwa mumakiriniki ekuedzwa.

• Radiosensitizers

• Kurapa kwekenza yemukati kunogona kukonzera mhedzisiro.

• Varwere vangangoda kufunga nezve kutora chikamu mukutora kiriniki.

• Varwere vanogona kupinda mumakiriniki miedzo vasati, panguva, kana mushure mekutanga kwavo kenza kurapwa.

• Yekutevera-bvunzo inogona kudikanwa.

Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzekurapwa kwevarwere vane gomarara repanhengo.

Mhando dzakasiyana dzekurapa dziripo kune varwere vane gomarara repanhengo. Mamwe marapirwo akajairwa (iko kurapwa kwazvino kwashandiswa), uye kumwe kuedzwa mumakiriniki ekuedzwa A kurapwa kiriniki kuyedzwa chidzidzo chekutsvaga chakaitirwa kubatsira kuvandudza marapirwo azvino kana kuwana ruzivo marapirwo matsva evarwere vane gomarara. Kana kiriniki miedzo ikaratidza kuti kurapwa kutsva kuri nani pane kwese kurapwa, kurapwa kutsva kunogona kuve kwakajairwa kurapwa. Varwere vangangoda kufunga nezve kutora chikamu mukutora kiriniki. Mimwe miedzo yekiriniki yakavhurwa chete kune varwere vasina kutanga kurapwa.

Mhando mitatu yekurapa kwakajairika inoshandiswa:

Radiation kurapa

Radiation kurapa kurapwa kenza iyo inoshandisa yakakwira-simba x-rays kana mamwe marudzi e radiation kuuraya cancer maseru kana kuachengeta iwo kuti asakure. Kune mhando mbiri dze radiation radiation:

• External radiation therapy inoshandisa muchina uri kunze kwemuviri kutumira radiation kune kenza.

• Yemukati radiation kurapwa kunoshandisa radioactive chinhu chakavharirwa mune tsono, mhodzi, waya, kana makateti anoiswa akananga mukati kana padyo nekenza.

Maitiro ekurapwa nemwaranzi anoenderana nerudzi uye nhanho yekenza iri kurapwa. Kunze uye kwemukati kurapwa kwemwaranzi kunoshandiswa kurapa gomarara repanhengo.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy mushonga wekenza unoshandisa mishonga kumisa kukura kwemasero ekenza, kungave nekuuraya maseru kana nekumisa maseru kubva pakupatsanuka. Kana chemotherapy ikatorwa nemuromo kana kujowa mutsinga kana mhasuru, mishonga inopinda muropa uye inogona kusvika masero emukenza mumuviri wese (systemic chemotherapy). Kana chemotherapy ikaiswa yakanangana necerebrospinal fluid, nhengo, kana dumbu remuviri senge dumbu, iwo madhiragi anonyanya kukanganisa cancer maseru munzvimbo idzodzo (remunharaunda chemotherapy). Nzira iyo chemotherapy inopihwa inoenderana nerudzi uye nhanho yekenza iri kurapwa.

Kuvhiya

• Local resection: Maitiro ekuvhiya umo bundu rinochekwa kubva kune anus pamwe chete nemamwe materu ane hutano akarikomberedza. Local resection inogona kushandiswa kana kenza iri diki uye isina kupararira. Maitiro aya anogona kuponesa mhasuru dze sphincter kuti murwere achiri kugona kudzora ura. Mamota ayo anoumba muchikamu chezasi cheiyo anus anogona kazhinji kubviswa pamwe nekutapa kwenzvimbo.

• Abdominoperineal resection: Iyo yekuvhiya nzira iyo iyo anus, iyo rectum, uye chikamu che sigmoid colon inobviswa kuburikidza ne incision yakaitwa mudumbu. Chiremba anosona panoperera ura pamuromo, unonzi stoma, wakagadzirwa pamusoro pemudumbu kuitira kuti tsvina yemuviri igone kuunganidzwa muhomwe inoraswa kunze kwemuviri. Izvi zvinonzi colostomy. Lymph node ine kenza inogona zvakare kubviswa panguva yekuvhiya.

Kugadziriswa kwekoloni necolostomy. Chikamu chekoloni chine kenza uye zvinyama zvine hutano zviri pedyo zvinobviswa, stoma inogadzirwa, uye bhegi re colostomy rakanamatira kune stoma.

Kuve nehutachiona hwehutachiona hwevanhu kunogona kukanganisa kurapwa kwegomarara repanhengo.

Kurapa kwekenza kunogona kuwedzera kukuvadza masisitimu ezvirwere zvemuviri zvevarwere vane hutachiona hweHIV. Nechikonzero ichi, varwere vane gomarara rezvemashure uye hutachiwana hweHIV vanowanzorapwa nemadosi epasi emushonga weacancer uye radiation kupfuura varwere vasina HIV.

Mhando nyowani dzekurapa dziri kuyedzwa mumakiriniki ekuedzwa.

Ichi chidimbu chikamu chinotsanangura kurapwa kuri kuongororwa mumakiriniki ekuedzwa. Zvinogona kusataura nezveese marapirwo matsva ari kuongororwa. Ruzivo nezve kiriniki miedzo inowanikwa kubva kuNCI webhusaiti.

Radiosensitizers

Radiosensitizers mishonga inoita kuti maseru emota anyanye kujeka kune radiation radiation. Kubatanidza radiation therapy ne radiosensitizers kunogona kuuraya mamwe mamota maseru.

Kurapa kwekenza yemukati kunogona kukonzera mhedzisiro.

Kuti uwane ruzivo nezve mhedzisiro inokonzerwa nekurapwa kwegomarara, ona yedu Side Mhedzisiro peji.

Varwere vangangoda kufunga nezve kutora chikamu mukutora kiriniki.

Kune vamwe varwere, kutora chikamu mumuedzo wekiriniki inogona kunge iri sarudzo yekurapa yakanyanya kunaka. Kliniki miedzo chikamu chekenza tsvagiridzo. Zvemakiriniki miedzo inoitwa kuti uone kana marapirwo matsva egomarara akachengeteka uye achishanda kana zvirinani pane akajairwa kurapwa.

Mazhinji emazuva ano marapirwo akajairwa ekenza akavakirwa pamavambo emakiriniki ekuedzwa. Varwere vanotora chikamu mukuyedzwa kwekiriniki vanogona kuwana kurapwa kwakaringana kana kuve pakati pevekutanga kurapwa kutsva.

Varwere vanotora chikamu mumiedzo yekiriniki zvakare vanobatsira kugadzirisa marapirwo achaitwa kenza mune ramangwana. Kunyangwe kana miedzo yemakiriniki isinga tangire kumarapirwo matsva anoshanda, anowanzo pindura mibvunzo yakakosha uye anobatsira kufambisira mberi kutsvagurudza.

Varwere vanogona kupinda mumakiriniki miedzo vasati, panguva, kana mushure mekutanga kwavo kenza kurapwa.

Mimwe miedzo yekiriniki inosanganisira chete varwere vasati vagamuchira kurapwa. Mimwe miedzo yekuedza kurapwa kwevarwere vane kenza haina kuve nani. Kune mamwezve emakiriniki miedzo inoedza nzira nyowani dzekumisa cancer kubva kudzokororazve (kudzoka) kana kudzikisira mhedzisiro yemakenza kurapwa.

Kuedzwa kwemakiriniki kuri kuitika munzvimbo zhinji dzenyika. Ruzivo nezve kiriniki miedzo inotsigirwa neNCI inogona kuwanikwa paNCI yekiriniki miedzo yekutsvaga peji rewebhu. Kliniki miedzo inotsigirwa nemamwe masangano inogona kuwanikwa pane yeClinicalTrials.gov webhusaiti.

Yekutevera-bvunzo inogona kudikanwa.

Mimwe miedzo yakaitwa kuongorora gomarara kana kutsvaga danho rekenza inogona kudzokororwa. Dzimwe bvunzo dzinodzokororwa kuitira kuti vaone kuti kurapa kuri kushanda sei. Sarudzo nezvekuti uenderere mberi, shandura, kana kumisa kurapwa kunogona kunge kuchibva pamhedzisiro yeiyi bvunzo.

Mimwe bvunzo ichaenderera ichiitwa nguva nenguva mushure mekunge kurapwa kwapera. Mhedzisiro yeiyi bvunzo inogona kuratidza kana mamiriro ako achinja kana kana gomarara radzoka (dzoka). Iyi bvunzo dzimwe nguva inonzi yekuteedzera-bvunzo kana kuongorora-kumusoro.

Kurapa Sarudzo nedanho

Muchikamu chino

• Chikamu 0 (Carcinoma muSitu)

• Stage I Anal Kenza

• Stage II Anal Kenza

• Chikamu IIIA Anal Cancer

• Chikamu IIIB Anal Cancer

• Nhanho IV Anal Cancer

Kuti uwane ruzivo nezve marapirwo akanyorwa pazasi, ona iyo Chikamu Sarudzo Yekutarisa Chikamu.

Chikamu 0 (Carcinoma muSitu)

Kurapa kwedanho 0 kazhinji kwero resection.

Shandisa yedu kiriniki yekuyedza kutsvaga kutsvaga NCI-yakatsigirwa kenza kiriniki miedzo iri kugamuchira varwere. Unogona kutsvaga miedzo zvichibva parudzi rwecancer, zera remurwere, uye iko kunoitwa miyedzo. Ruzhinji ruzivo nezve zvekuedzwa zvekiriniki zvakare zviripo.

Stage I Anal Kenza

Kurapa kwedanho ini gomarara repamusana kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Yemunharaunda resection.

• External-beam radiation therapy ine kana isina chemotherapy. Kana gomarara rikasara mushure mekurapwa, mamwe makemikari ekurapa nemwaranzi zvinogona kupihwa kudzivirira kudiwa kwekugara colostomy.

• Yemukati radiation kurapwa.

• Abdominoperineal resection, kana gomarara rikaramba kana richidzoka mushure mekurapwa ne radiation radiation uye chemotherapy.

• Yemukati radiation kurapwa kwecancer iyo inosara mushure mekurapwa neyekunze-beam radiation radiation.

Varwere vakave nekurapwa kunochengetedza mhasuru dze sphincter vanogona kuwana bvunzo dzekutevera-yega mwedzi mitatu kune makore maviri ekutanga, kusanganisira bvunzo dzekwiriso ne endoscopy uye biopsy, pazvinenge zvichidikanwa.

Shandisa yedu kiriniki yekuyedza kutsvaga kutsvaga NCI-yakatsigirwa kenza kiriniki miedzo iri kugamuchira varwere. Unogona kutsvaga miedzo zvichibva parudzi rwecancer, zera remurwere, uye iko kunoitwa miyedzo. Ruzhinji ruzivo nezve zvekuedzwa zvekiriniki zvakare zviripo.

Stage II Anal Kenza

Kurapa kwechikamu chechipiri chekenza yemazamu kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Yemunharaunda resection.

• Kunze-danda radiation kurapwa ne chemotherapy. Kana gomarara rikasara mushure mekurapwa, mamwe makemikari ekurapa nemwaranzi zvinogona kupihwa kudzivirira kudiwa kwekugara colostomy.

• Yemukati radiation kurapwa.

• Abdominoperineal resection, kana gomarara rikaramba kana richidzoka mushure mekurapwa ne radiation radiation uye chemotherapy.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwenzira nyowani dzekurapa.

Varwere vakave nekurapwa kunochengetedza mhasuru dze sphincter vanogona kuwana bvunzo dzekutevera-yega mwedzi mitatu kune makore maviri ekutanga, kusanganisira bvunzo dzekwiriso ne endoscopy uye biopsy, pazvinenge zvichidikanwa.

Shandisa yedu kiriniki yekuyedza kutsvaga kutsvaga NCI-yakatsigirwa kenza kiriniki miedzo iri kugamuchira varwere. Unogona kutsvaga miedzo zvichibva parudzi rwecancer, zera remurwere, uye iko kunoitwa miyedzo. Ruzhinji ruzivo nezve zvekuedzwa zvekiriniki zvakare zviripo.

Chikamu IIIA Anal Cancer

Kurapa kwedanho IIIA gomarara repamberi kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kunze-danda radiation kurapwa ne chemotherapy. Kana gomarara rikasara mushure mekurapwa, mamwe makemikari ekurapa nemwaranzi zvinogona kupihwa kudzivirira kudiwa kwekugara colostomy.

• Yemukati radiation kurapwa.

• Abdominoperineal resection, kana gomarara rikasara kana kudzoka mushure mekurapwa nekemotherapy uye radiation radiation.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwenzira nyowani dzekurapa.

Shandisa yedu kiriniki yekuyedza kutsvaga kutsvaga NCI-yakatsigirwa kenza kiriniki miedzo iri kugamuchira varwere. Unogona kutsvaga miedzo zvichibva parudzi rwecancer, zera remurwere, uye iko kunoitwa miyedzo. Ruzhinji ruzivo nezve zvekuedzwa zvekiriniki zvakare zviripo.

Stage IIIB Anal Cancer Kurapa kwedanho IIIB gomarara repamberi rinogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

Kunze-danda radiation kurapwa ne chemotherapy. Local resection kana abdominoperineal resection, kana gomarara rikasara kana kudzoka mushure mekurapwa nekemotherapy uye radiation radiation. Lymph nodes inogonawo kubviswa. Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwenzira nyowani dzekurapa. Shandisa yedu kiriniki yekuyedza kutsvaga kutsvaga NCI-yakatsigirwa kenza kiriniki miedzo iri kugamuchira varwere. Unogona kutsvaga miedzo zvichibva parudzi rwecancer, zera remurwere, uye iko kunoitwa miyedzo. Ruzhinji ruzivo nezve zvekuedzwa zvekiriniki zvakare zviripo.

Nhanho IV Anal Cancer

Kurapa kwedanho IV gomarara repamazamu kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kuvhiya senge palliative kurapwa kubvisa zviratidzo uye nekuvandudza hupenyu hwehupenyu.

• Radiation kurapa senge palliative kurapa.

• Chemotherapy ne radiation radiation senge yekurapa kurapwa.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki kwenzira nyowani dzekurapa.

Shandisa yedu kiriniki yekuyedza kutsvaga kutsvaga NCI-yakatsigirwa kenza kiriniki miedzo iri kugamuchira varwere. Unogona kutsvaga miedzo zvichibva parudzi rwecancer, zera remurwere, uye iko kunoitwa miyedzo. Ruzhinji ruzivo nezve zvekuedzwa zvekiriniki zvakare zviripo.

Kurapa Sarudzo dzeKudzokororwa Anal Cancer

Kuti uwane ruzivo nezve marapirwo akanyorwa pazasi, ona iyo Chikamu Sarudzo Yekutarisa Chikamu.

Kurapa kwekenza yenguva dzose kenza kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Radiation therapy uye chemotherapy, yekudzokazve mushure mekuvhiyiwa.

• Kuvhiya, kwekudzokazve mushure mekurapwa nemwaranzi uye / kana chemotherapy.

• Kuongororwa kwekiriniki ye radiation radiation ne chemotherapy uye / kana ma radiosensitizers.

Shandisa yedu kiriniki yekuyedza kutsvaga kutsvaga NCI-yakatsigirwa kenza kiriniki miedzo iri kugamuchira varwere. Unogona kutsvaga miedzo zvichibva parudzi rwecancer, zera remurwere, uye iko kunoitwa miyedzo. Ruzhinji ruzivo nezve zvekuedzwa zvekiriniki zvakare zviripo.

Kuti udzidze Zvakawanda Nezve Anal Cancer

Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo kubva kuNational Cancer Institute nezve gomarara repamberi, ona zvinotevera:

• Gomarara Kanzuru Kumba Peji

• Fodya (inosanganisira rubatsiro nekurega)

• Human Papillomaviruses uye Cancer

Kuti uwane ruzivo rwekenza uye zvimwe zviwanikwa kubva kuNational Cancer Institute, ona zvinotevera:

• Nezve Kenza

• Stage

• Chemotherapy uye Iwe: Tsigiro Yevanhu Vane Kenza

• Radiation Therapy uye Iwe: Rutsigiro rweVanhu Vane Kenza

• Kurarama neCancer

• Mibvunzo Yekubvunza Wako Chiremba nezveCancer

• Kune Vakapona uye Vanotarisira