Nezve-gomarara / kurapwa / mhedzisiro-mhedzisiro / muromo-huro / wemuromo-matambudziko-pdq

Oral Matambudziko eChemotherapy uye Musoro / Neck Radiation Versio

Ruzivo Ruzhinji NezveMuromo Matambudziko

PFUNGWA DZINOKOSHA

• Matambudziko emumuromo anowanzoonekwa nevarwere vegomarara, kunyanya avo vane gomarara remusoro nemutsipa.

• Kudzivirira uye kudzora kunetseka kwemumuromo kunogona kubatsira iwe kuenderera kurapwa kwekenza uye kuva nehupenyu huri nani.

• Varwere vanowana kurapwa kunokanganisa musoro nemutsipa vanofanirwa kuve nechengetedzo yavo yakarongedzwa nechikwata chevanachiremba uye nyanzvi.

Matambudziko emumuromo anowanzoonekwa nevarwere vegomarara, kunyanya avo vane gomarara remusoro nemutsipa.

Matambudziko matambudziko matsva ekurapa anoitika panguva kana mushure mechirwere, maitiro, kana kurapwa uye izvo zvinoita kuti kupora kuome. Zvinetso zvinogona kunge zviri mhedzisiro yechirwere kana kurapwa, kana vanogona kunge vaine zvimwe zvikonzero. Matambudziko emumuromo anokanganisa muromo.

Varwere veCancer vane njodzi huru yekunetseka kwemuromo nekuda kwezvikonzero zvinoverengeka:

• Chemotherapy uye radiation radiation inononoka kana kumisa kukura kwemasero matsva.

Aya marapirwo ekenza anononoka kana kumisa kukura kwemasero anokurumidza kukura, senge cancer maseru. Maseru akajairika ari mukati memuromo anowedzerawo nekukurumidza, saka kurapwa kweanticancer kunogona kuvamisa kuti vasakura, zvakare. Izvi zvinoderedza kugona kwesuruvara yemuromo kuzvigadzirisa pachayo nekugadzira maseru matsva.

• Radiation kurapa kunogona kukuvadza zvakananga uye kuputsa muromo wemuromo, mate maseru, uye pfupa.

• Chemotherapy uye radiation radiation inokanganisa hutano hwakanaka hwebhakitiriya mumuromo.

Kune akawanda marudzi akasiyana ebhakitiriya mumuromo. Zvimwe zvinobatsira uye zvimwe zvinokuvadza. Chemotherapy uye kurapwa nemwaranzi kunogona kukonzera shanduko mumucheto wemuromo uye maseru anokachidza, ayo anogadzira mate. Izvi zvinogona kukanganisa hutano hwakanaka hwebhakitiriya. Shanduko idzi dzinogona kutungamira kumuromo maronda, hutachiona, uye kuora kwemeno.

Pfupiso iyi ndeyezvinetso zvemumuromo zvinokonzerwa nekemotherapy uye kurapwa nemwaranzi.

Kudzivirira uye kudzora kunetseka kwemumuromo kunogona kubatsira iwe kuenderera kurapwa kwekenza uye kuva nehupenyu huri nani.

Dzimwe nguva mishonga yekurapa inoda kudzikiswa kana kurapwa kumiswa nekuda kwematambudziko emuromo. Kuchengetedza kwekuchengetedza kurapwa kwekenza kusati kwatanga uye kurapa matambudziko nekukasira kwaanenge aonekwa kunogona kuita kuti matambudziko emumuromo ave mashoma. Kana paine kushomeka kushoma, kurapwa kwegomarara kunogona kushanda zvirinani uye unogona kuve nehupenyu huri nani.

Varwere vanowana kurapwa kunokanganisa musoro nemutsipa vanofanirwa kuve nechengetedzo yavo yakarongedzwa nechikwata chevanachiremba uye nyanzvi.

Kugadzirisa kunetseka kwemuromo, oncologist inoshanda pamwe chete nachiremba wako wemazino uye inogona kukuendesa kune vamwe vashandi vehutano vane hunyanzvi hwekudzidziswa. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira vanachiremba vanotevera:

• Mukoti weOncology.

• Nyanzvi dzemeno.

• Dietitian.

• Kutaura murapi.

• Wezvemagariro.

Zvinangwa zvekuchengetwa nemuromo uye mazino zvakasiyana pamberi, panguva, uye mushure mekurapwa kwegomarara:

• Pamberi pekenza kurapwa, chinangwa ndechekugadzirira kurapwa kwekenza nekurapa matambudziko aripo emuromo.

• Munguva yekurapwa nekenza, zvinangwa ndezvekudzivirira kunetseka kwemuromo uye kugadzirisa matambudziko anoitika.

• Mushure mekurapwa kwegomarara, zvinangwa ndezvekuchengetedza mazino nematadza zvine hutano uye kugadzirisa chero mhedzisiro yenguva refu yekenza uye kurapwa kwayo.

Zvinowanzoitika pamuromo kubva pakurapwa nekenza zvinosanganisira zvinotevera:

• Oral mucositis (yakazvimba mucous membranes mumuromo).

• Utachiona.

• Matambudziko esvevary gland.

• Chinja kuravira.

• Kurwadziwa.

Aya matambudziko anogona kutungamira kune mamwe matambudziko sekushomeka kwemvura uye kushaya zvinovaka muviri.

Matambudziko Emumuromo uye Izvo Zvinokonzera

PFUNGWA DZINOKOSHA

• Kenza kurapwa kunogona kukonzera matambudziko emuromo nehuro.

• Matambudziko echemotherapy

• Matambudziko e radiation radiation

• Matambudziko anokonzerwa nechemotherapy kana radiation radiation

• Zvinetso zvemumuromo zvinogona kukonzerwa nemushonga pachawo (zvakananga) kana nemhedzisiro yemhedzisiro (zvisina kunangana).

• Matambudziko anogona kuve akaomarara (epfupi-kwenguva) kana asingagumi (anogara-kwenguva refu).

Kenza kurapwa kunogona kukonzera matambudziko emuromo nehuro.

Matambudziko echemotherapy

Zvinetso zvemumuromo zvinokonzerwa nekemotherapy zvinosanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kuzvimba uye maronda eiyo mucous membranes mudumbu kana ura.

• Kubuda ropa nyore mumuromo.

• Tsinga kukuvara.

Matambudziko e radiation radiation

Zvinetso zvemumuromo zvinokonzerwa neradiotherapy kurapwa kumusoro nemutsipa zvinosanganisira zvinotevera:

• Fibrosis (kukura kweiyo fibrous tishu) mune mucous membrane mumuromo.

• Kuora kwemeno uye chirwere chemazino.

• Kuparara kwetishu munzvimbo inogamuchira radiation.

• Kuputsika kwepfupa munzvimbo inogamuchira radiation.

• Fibrosis yemhasuru munzvimbo inogamuchira radiation.

Matambudziko anokonzerwa nechemotherapy kana radiation radiation

Zvinetso zvakajairika zvemumuromo zvinogona kukonzerwa nechemotherapy kana radiation radiation. Izvi zvinosanganisira zvinotevera:

• Inopisa mucous membranes mumuromo.

• Zvirwere mumuromo kana izvo zvinofamba kuburikidza neropa. Izvi zvinogona kusvika nekukanganisa maseru muviri wese.

• Edza shanduko.

• Muromo wakaoma.

• Kurwadziwa.

• Shanduko mukukura kwemazino nekusimudzira muvana.

• Kushaya zvinovaka muviri (kusawana zvakakwana zvinovaka muviri izvo muviri unoda kuve wakagwinya) zvinokonzerwa nekutadza kudya.

• Kushaya mvura mumuviri (kusawana huwandu hwemvura iyo muviri inoda kuve noutano) kunokonzerwa nekutadza kunwa.

• Kuora kwemeno uye chirwere chemazino.

Zvinetso zvemumuromo zvinogona kukonzerwa nemushonga pachawo (zvakananga) kana nemhedzisiro yemhedzisiro (zvisina kunangana).

Radiation kurapa kunogona kukuvadza zvakananga muromo wemuromo, maseru ematehwe, uye pfupa. Nzvimbo dzakarapwa dzinogona kuvara kana kuparara. Yakazara-muviri mwaranzi inogona kukonzeresa kukuvara kusingaperi kumatehwe e salivary. Izvi zvinogona kushandura mashandiro echikafu kuravira uye kukonzera mukanwa wakaoma.

Inononoka kupora uye hutachiona hwakasarudzika matambudziko ekenza kurapwa. Ose maviri chemotherapy uye radiation radiation inogona kumisa maseru kubva pakupatsanura uye kunonoka iko kupora kuita mumuromo. Chemotherapy inogona kudzikisa huwandu hwesero chena yeropa uye kushayisa simba immune system (nhengo uye maseru anorwisa hutachiona nezvirwere). Izvi zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kuwana hutachiona.

Matambudziko anogona kuve akaomarara (epfupi-kwenguva) kana asingagumi (anogara-kwenguva refu).

Zvinetso zvakakomba ndezviya zvinoitika panguva yekurapa zvobva zvaenda. Chemotherapy inowanzo kukonzeresa kuomarara kunoporesa mushure mekurapwa.

Zvinetso zvisingaperi ndezve izvo zvinopfuurira kana kuoneka mwedzi kusvika kumakore mushure mekurapwa kupera. Radiation inogona kukonzeresa kuomarara asi inogona zvakare kukonzera kusingaperi kwemasuru kukuvara iyo inokuisa iwe paupenyu hwese hwekunetseka kwemuromo. Izvi zvinotevera kusagadzikana kusingaperi kunogona kuenderera mushure mekurapwa nemwaranzi kumusoro kana mutsipa kwapera:

• Muromo wakaoma.

• Kuora kwemeno.

• Zvirwere.

• Edza shanduko.

• Zvinetso mumuromo uye shaya zvinokonzerwa nekurasikirwa kwetissue uye bone.

• Zvinetso mumuromo uye shaya zvinokonzerwa nekukura kwemabenign bundu muganda uye mhasuru.

Kuvhiyiwa nemuromo kana rimwe basa remazino kunogona kukonzera matambudziko muvarwere vakave neradiation kurapwa kumusoro kana mutsipa. Ita shuwa kuti chiremba wemazino wako anoziva nhoroondo yako yehutano uye marapirwo ekenza awakagashira.

Kudzivirira uye Kurapa Oral Matambudziko Asati Chemotherapy kana Radiation Therapy Inotanga

PFUNGWA DZINOKOSHA

• Kutsvaga nekurapa matambudziko emumuromo kurapwa kwekenza kusati kwatanga kunogona kudzivirira kunetseka kwemuromo kana kuita kuti zvisave zvakanyanya.

• Kudzivirira kunetseka kwemumuromo kunosanganisira kudya zvine hutano, kutarisirwa kwakanaka kwemuromo, uye kuongororwa kwemazino.

• Varwere vanogamuchira yakakwira-dose chemotherapy, stem cell kuisirwa, kana radiation radiation vanofanira kuve nemuromo wekutarisira chirongwa munzvimbo isati yatanga kurapwa.

• Izvo zvakakosha kuti varwere vane kenza yemusoro kana yemutsipa varege kusvuta.

Kutsvaga nekurapa matambudziko emumuromo kurapwa kwekenza kusati kwatanga kunogona kudzivirira kunetseka kwemuromo kana kuita kuti zvisave zvakanyanya.

Zvinetso zvakaita semakomba, mazino akatsemuka, korona dzakasununguka kana kuzadza, uye chirwere chemazino chinogona kuwedzera kana kukonzera matambudziko panguva yekurapwa kwegomarara. Hutachiona hunogara mumuromo uye hunogona kukonzera hutachiona kana immune system isiri kushanda zvakanaka kana kana chena yeropa masero kuverenga ari mashoma. Kana matambudziko emazino akarapwa marapirwo ekenza asati atanga, panogona kunge paine mashoma kana akaomarara matambudziko emumuromo.

Kudzivirira kunetseka kwemumuromo kunosanganisira kudya zvine hutano, kutarisirwa kwakanaka kwemuromo, uye kuongororwa kwemazino.

Nzira dzekudzivirira matambudziko emumuromo dzinosanganisira zvinotevera:

• Idya kudya kwakanyatsonaka. Kudya zvine hutano kunogona kubatsira muviri kumira kushushikana kwekurapwa nekenza, kubatsira kuchengetedza simba rako, kurwisa hutachiona, uye kuvaka patsva nyama.

• Chengeta muromo wako nemeno zvakachena. Izvi zvinobatsira kudzivirira maburi, maronda emuromo, uye hutachiona.

• Iva nemuedzo wakakwana wemuromo wemuromo.

Chiremba wako wemazino anofanira kuve chikamu cheboka rako rekutarisira kenza. Izvo zvakakosha kusarudza chiremba wemazino ane ruzivo rwekurapa varwere vane matambudziko emumuromo ekurapwa kwegomarara. Kuongororwa kwehutano hwako hwemuromo kanokwana mwedzi kurapwa kwekenza usati watanga kazhinji kunopa nguva yakakwana yekuti muromo upore kana paine basa rezvemeno rinodiwa. Chiremba wemazino anorapa mazino ane njodzi yekutapukirwa kana kuora. Izvi zvinobatsira kudzivirira kudiwa kwemazino ekurapa panguva yekenza. Kuchengetedza kwekudzivirira kunogona kubatsira kudzikisira mukanwa wakaoma, chinova chinetso chakajairika chekurapwa nemwaranzi kumusoro kana mutsipa.

Yekudzivirira yemuromo bvunzo hutano inoongorora zvinotevera:

• Zvironda zvemumuromo kana hutachiona.

• Kuora kwemeno.

• Chirwere cheGum.

• Mazino ekunze asingakwani zvakanaka.

• Matambudziko kufambisa shaya.

• Zvinetso nezvimate mate.

Varwere vanogamuchira yakakwira-dose chemotherapy, stem cell kuisirwa, kana radiation radiation vanofanira kuve nemuromo wekutarisira chirongwa munzvimbo isati yatanga kurapwa.

Chinangwa chechirongwa chekuchengetedza mukanwa ndechekutsvaga nekurapa chirwere chemukanwa chinogona kukonzera matambudziko panguva yekurapa uye kuenderera nekuchengetwa kwemuromo panguva yekurapa uye kupora. Matambudziko akasiyana emumuromo anogona kuitika panguva dzakasiyana dzekutapa. Matanho anogona kutorwa pamberi penguva yekudzivirira kana kudzikisira kuti izvi zvinokanganisa sei.

Kuchengetwa kwemuromo panguva yekurapwa nemwaranzi kunoenderana nezvinotevera:

• Zvakananga zvinodiwa nemurwere.

• Iyo radiation mwero.

• Chikamu chemuviri chakarapwa.

• Iyo kurapwa kwemwaranzi kunotora nguva yakareba sei.

• Matambudziko chaiwo anoitika.

Izvo zvakakosha kuti varwere vane kenza yemusoro kana yemutsipa varege kusvuta.

Kuenderera mberi nekusvuta fodya kunogona kunonoka kupora. Inogona zvakare kuwedzera njodzi yekuti musoro kana gomarara remutsipa rinomukazve kana kuti gomarara repiri richaumba.

Kugadzirisa Oral Matambudziko Panguva uye Mushure meKemotherapy kana Radiation Therapy

PFUNGWA DZINOKOSHA

• Kugara Kuchengetedza Kwemuromo

• Hutsanana hwemazino hwakanaka hunogona kubatsira kudzivirira kana kudzikisa matambudziko.

• Kuchengeta kwezuva nezuva kwevarwere vegomarara kunosanganisira kuchengetedza muromo wakachena uye kuva munyoro nemucheka unonamira pamuromo.

• Oral Mucositis

• Oral mucositis iko kuzvimba kwemucous membranes mumuromo.

• Kuchengetedza mucositis panguva yekemotherapy uye kurapwa kwemwaranzi kunosanganisira kuchenesa muromo uye kubvisa marwadzo.

• Kurwadziwa

• Panogona kuve nezvakawanda zvikonzero zvekurwadziwa nemuromo muvarwere vegomarara.

• Kurwadziwa mumuromo muvarwere vegomarara kunogona kukonzerwa nekenza.

• Kurwadziwa nemumuromo kunogona kunge kuri mhedzisiro yekurapa.

• Mimwe anticancer zvinodhaka zvinogona kukonzera kurwadziwa nemuromo.

• Kugaya mazino kunogona kukonzera marwadzo mumeno kana musaya dzeshaya.

• Kudzora marwadzo kunobatsira kusimudzira hupenyu hwemurwere.

• Utachiona

• Kukuvara kwemukati memuromo uye kushomeka kwema immune zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kuti hutachiona huitike.

• Zvirwere zvinogona kukonzerwa nehutachiona, fungus, kana hutachiona.

• Kubuda ropa

• Kubuda ropa kunogona kuitika kana mishonga inorwisa kenza ichiita kuti ropa risakwanise kugwamba.

• Vazhinji varwere vanogona kukwesha nekuchenesa uye kubvarura apo kuwanda kweropa kuri kushoma.

• Muromo Wakaoma

• Muromo wakaomarara (xerostomia) unoitika kana maronda ematevary asingaite mate akakwana.

• Salivary gland inowanzo dzokera kune yakasarudzika mushure mekuguma kwemakemotherapy.

• Materu eSalivary anogona kutadza kupora zvachose mushure mekurapwa nemwaranzi kwapera.

• Kuchenjerera hutsanana hwemumuromo kunogona kubatsira kudzivirira maronda emuromo, chingamu chirwere, uye kuora kwemeno kunokonzerwa nemuromo wakaoma.

• Kuora kwezino

• Edza Shanduko

• Shanduko mukuravira (dysguesia) dzinojairika panguva yekemotherapy uye radiation radiation.

• Kuneta

• Kushaya zvokudya zvinovaka muviri

• Kurasikirwa nechido kunogona kutungamira mukushaya chikafu.

• Rutsigiro rwechikafu runogona kusanganisira kudya kwemvura uye kudya kwepombi

• Muromo uye Shaya Kuomarara

• Kumedza Matambudziko

• Marwadzo panguva yekumedza uye kutadza kumedza (dysphagia) zvakajairika mune vanorwara nekenza pamberi, panguva, uye mushure mekurapwa.

• Dambudziko rekumedza rinowedzera njodzi yezvimwe zvinonetsa.

• Kunyangwe radiation radiation ichakanganisa kumedza zvinoenderana nezvinhu zvakawanda.

• Kumedza matambudziko dzimwe nguva kunopera mushure mekurapwa

• Matambudziko ekumedza anotarisirwa nechikwata chehunyanzvi.

• Tissue uye Bone Kurasikirwa

Kugara Kuchengetedza Kwemuromo

Hutsanana hwemazino hwakanaka hunogona kubatsira kudzivirira kana kudzikisa matambudziko.

Izvo zvakakosha kuti urambe uchitarisisa pahutano hwemuromo panguva yekurapwa kwegomarara. Izvi zvinobatsira kudzivirira, kutsvaga, uye kurapa matambudziko nekukurumidza sezvazvinogona. Kuchengeta muromo, mazino, uye maramu zvakachena panguva uye mushure mekurapwa kwegomarara kunogona kubatsira kudzikisira matambudziko akadai semaburi, maronda emuromo uye hutachiona

Kuchengeta kwezuva nezuva kwevarwere vegomarara kunosanganisira kuchengetedza muromo wakachena uye kuva munyoro nemucheka unonamira pamuromo.

Zuva rega rega remuromo kutarisirwa panguva yemakemotherapy uye radiation radiation inosanganisira zvinotevera:

Kukwesha mazino

• Bhura mazino uye mazino neine-bristle bhurasho 2 kusvika katatu pazuva pazuva kwemaminetsi maviri kusvika matatu. Ive neshuwa yekukwesha nzvimbo inosangana nemazino matadza uye kugeza kazhinji.

• Shenesa bhurasho remazino mumvura inopisa yega yega yega 15 kusvika 30 masekondi kuti unyorove bristles, kana zvichidikanwa.

• Shandisa bhurasho remafuro chete kana bhurasho rakapfava-bristle risingakwanise kushandiswa. Shamba kaviri kana katatu pazuva uye shandisa mushonga wekurwisa mabhakitiriya. Sukurudza kazhinji.

• Rega bhurasho remazino riome-pakati pakati pebrashingi.

• Shandisa mushonga wemazino we fluoride nekuravira kwakapfava. Kunaka kunogona kutsamwisa muromo, kunyanya mint kuravira.

• Kana mushonga wemazino ukatsamwisa muromo wako, bhurasha nemusanganiswa we 1/4 teaspoon yemunyu yakawedzerwa kune 1 kapu yemvura.

Rinsing

• Shandisa sukurudza maawa maviri ega ega kudzikisa kusuwa mumuromo. Dissolve 1/4 teaspoon yemunyu uye 1/4 teaspoon yesoda yekubika mu1 quart yemvura.

• Mushonga wekurwisa mabhakitiriya unogona kushandiswa kanokwana kana kana pazuva pazuva pachirwere chegum. Rinisa kwemaminetsi 1 kusvika ku2.

• Kana mukanwa wakaoma ukaitika, kuchenesa kunogona kunge kusingakwanise kuchenesa meno mushure mekudya. Kutsvaga uye kubhururuka kunogona kudikanwa.

Kubhururuka

Floss zvinyoro kamwe pazuva.

Kuchengeta muromo

Shandisa zvigadzirwa zvekuchengetedza miromo, senge kirimu ine lanolin, kudzivirira kuomesa uye kutsemura.

Kuchengeta mazino

• Bhurawasha uye sukurudza meno emeno mazuva ese. Shandisa bhurosi remazino rakapfava kana rakagadzirwa pakuchenesa meno ekugadzira.

• Chenesa neinochenesa yemeno yakurudzirwa nachiremba wako wemazino.

• Chengeta mazino emeno ekuti hauna kunyorwa. Zviise mumvura kana denture ichinyorova mhinduro inokurudzirwa nachiremba wako wemazino. Usashandise mvura inopisa, iyo inogona kukonzeresa kuti denture irasike chimiro.

Nekuda kwekuchengetwa kwemuromo panguva yepamusoro-dose chemotherapy uye stem cell yekuisa, ona iyo Kugadzirisa Oral Matambudziko eHigh-Dose Chemotherapy uye / kana Stem Cell Transplant chikamu chepfupiso iyi.

Oral Mucositis

Oral mucositis iko kuzvimba kwemucous membranes mumuromo.

Mazwi ekuti "mukanwa mucositis" uye "stomatitis" anowanzo shandiswa panzvimbo yemumwe, asi akasiyana.

• Oral mucositis iko kuzvimba kwemucous membranes mumuromo. Iyo inowanzo kuoneka seyatsvuka, kutsva-kunge maronda kana sezvakaita ulcer-kunge maronda mumuromo.

• Stomatitis iko kuzvimba kweiyo mucous membranes uye mamwe matukisi mumuromo. Izvi zvinosanganisira matadza, rurimi, denga uye pasi pemuromo, uye mukati memiromo nematama.

Mucositis inogona kukonzerwa ne radiation radiation kana chemotherapy.

• Mucositis inokonzerwa nekemotherapy ichaporeswa pachayo, kazhinji mumasvondo maviri kusvika mana kana pasina hutachiona.

• Mucositis inokonzerwa neradiotherapy kurapwa inowanzo kutora mavhiki matanhatu kusvika masere, zvinoenderana nekuti kurapwa kwaive kwenguva yakareba sei.

• Muvarwere vanogamuchira yakakwira-dose chemotherapy kana chemoradiation ye stem cell yekuisa: Mucositis inowanzotanga mazuva manomwe kusvika gumi mushure mekutanga kurapwa, uye inogara kweanenge mavhiki maviri mushure mekuguma kurapwa.

Kubhaiza mazaya echando mumuromo kwemaminitsi makumi matatu, kutanga maminetsi mashanu varwere vasati vagamuchira fluorouracil, zvinogona kubatsira kudzivirira mucositis. Varwere vanogamuchira yakakwira-dose chemotherapy uye stem cell yekuisa vanogona kupihwa mushonga wekubatsira kudzivirira mucositis kana kuichengeta kuti igare kwenguva refu.

Mucositis inogona kukonzera matambudziko anotevera:

• Kurwadziwa.

• Utachiona.

• Kubuda ropa, mune varwere vanowana chemotherapy. Varwere vanowana kurapwa nemwaranzi kazhinji havana kubuda ropa.

• Kutambudzika kufema uye kudya.

Kuchengetedza mucositis panguva yekemotherapy uye kurapwa kwemwaranzi kunosanganisira kuchenesa muromo uye kubvisa marwadzo.

Kurapa kwemucositis kunokonzerwa neipi radiation kurapwa kana chemotherapy zvakada kufanana. Kurapa kunoenderana neyako chena masero eropa uye kuti yakanyanya sei mucositis iri. Dzinotevera nzira dzekurapa mucositis panguva yekemotherapy, stem cell yekuisa, kana radiation radiation:

Kuchenesa muromo

• Chenesa mazino ako uye muromo mukako maawa mana uye panguva yekurara. Ita izvi kakawanda kana mucositis ichiwedzera.

• Shandisa bhurosi remazino rakapfava.

• Tsiva bhurasho rako rezino kazhinji.

• Shandisa mafuta ekuzora ayo asingagadzirisike nemvura, kuti ubatsire kuchengeta muromo wako wakanyorova.

• Shandisa zvinyoro zvinyoro kana mvura yakajeka. Kakawanda kuchenesa kunobvisa zvidimbu zvekudya nemabhakitiriya kubva mumuromo, kunodzivirira kumera kwemaronda, uye kunonyorovesa uye kunozorodza matadza nekuruma kwemuromo.

• Kana maronda emuromo atanga kuputika pamusoro, rinosuka rinotevera rinogona kushandiswa:

• Zvitatu muzana hydrogen peroxide yakasanganiswa neyakaenzana huwandu hwemvura kana yemunyu. Kugadzira musanganiswa wemvura yemunyu, isa 1/4 teaspoon yemunyu mu 1 mukombe wemvura.

Izvi hazvifanirwe kushandiswa kweanopfuura mazuva maviri nekuti zvinochengetedza mucositis kubva pakupora.

Kurerutsa mucositis kurwadziwa

• Edza mishonga yemusoro yekurapa. Sukurudza muromo wako usati waisa mushonga pamatadza kana pamuromo. Pukuta muromo nemazino zvinyoro nyoro negirazi nyoro rakanyikwa mumvura ine munyu kuti ubvise zvidimbu zvekudya.

• Painkillers inogona kubatsira kana mishonga yemusoro isingaiti. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS, aspirin-type painkillers) haifanirwe kushandiswa nevarwere vanowana chemotherapy nekuti vanowedzera njodzi yekubuda ropa.

• Zinc inowedzera inotorwa panguva yekurapwa nemwaranzi inogona kubatsira kurapa marwadzo anokonzerwa nemucositis pamwe nedermatitis (kuzvimba kweganda).

• Povidone-iodine mouthwash iyo isina doro inogona kubatsira kunonoka kana kudzikisa mucositis inokonzerwa ne radiation radiation.

Ona chikamu chePain cheichi chidimbu kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezve kudzora kurwadziwa.

Kurwadziwa

Panogona kuve nezvakawanda zvikonzero zvekurwadziwa nemuromo muvarwere vegomarara.

Kurwadziwa kwemurwere wekenza kunogona kubva pane zvinotevera:

• Gomarara.

• Zvimwe zvinokanganisa zvekurapwa nekenza.

• Zvimwe zvehutano zvisina hukama nekenza.

Nekuti panogona kuve nezvakawanda zvikonzero zvekurwadziwa nemuromo, kunyatsoongorora kwakakosha. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Nhoroondo yezvokurapa.

• Panyama uye mazino bvunzo.

• X-ray yemazino.

Kurwadziwa mumuromo muvarwere vegomarara kunogona kukonzerwa nekenza.

Kenza inogona kukonzera marwadzo munzira dzakasiyana:

• Bundu rinodzvinyirira munzvimbo dziri padyo sezvo richikura uye rinokanganisa tsinga uye rinokonzera kuzvimba.

• Leukemias uye lymphomas, iyo inopararira kuburikidza nemuviri uye inogona kukanganisa nzvimbo dzakaomarara mumuromo. Multiple myeloma inogona kukanganisa mazino.

• Mamota ehuropi anogona kukonzera kutemwa nemusoro.

• Gomarara rinogona kutapukira mumusoro nemutsipa kubva kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri uye rinokonzera kurwadziwa nemuromo.

• Nedzimwe gomarara, kurwadziwa kunogona kunzwika muzvikamu zvemuviri kwete padyo nekenza. Uku ndiko kunonzi kurwadziwa kunotaurwa. Bundu remhino, huro, nemapapu zvinogona kukonzera kurwadziwa kunotaurwa mumuromo kana shaya.

Kurwadziwa nemumuromo kunogona kunge kuri mhedzisiro yekurapa.

Oral mucositis ndiyo yakajairika mhedzisiro mhedzisiro ye radiation radiation uye chemotherapy. Marwadzo mu mucous membranes anowanzoenderera kwechinguva kunyangwe mushure mekupora mucositis.

Kuvhiya kunogona kukuvadza pfupa, tsinga, kana nyama uye zvinogona kukonzera marwadzo. Bisphosphonates, zvinodhaka zvinotorwa kurapa kurwadziwa kwepfupa, dzimwe nguva zvinokonzeresa kuti pfupa riputsike. Izvi zvinowanzoitika mushure memazino maitiro sekubviswa zino. (Ona iyo Oral Matambudziko Asina Kukodzera Chemotherapy kana Radiation Therapy chikamu cheichi chidimbu kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo.)

Varwere vane zvinoshandurwa vanogona kugadzira chinomiririra-maringe-nehusenzi-chirwere (GVHD). Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kuzvimba kweiyo mucous membranes uye kurwadza kwemajoini. (Ona iyo Kugadzirisa Oral Matambudziko eHigh-Dose Chemotherapy uye / kana Stem Cell Kuisa chikamu chikamu cheichi chidimbu kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo).

Mimwe anticancer zvinodhaka zvinogona kukonzera kurwadziwa nemuromo.

Kana mushonga weanticancer uchikonzera kurwadziwa, kumisa mushonga kazhinji kunomisa marwadzo. Nekuti panogona kuve nezvikonzero zvakawanda zvekurwadziwa nemuromo panguva yekurapwa kwegomarara, kunyatsoongorora kwakakosha. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira nhoroondo yezvokurapa, bvunzo dzepanyama uye dzemazino, uye x-ray yemazino.

Vamwe varwere vanogona kuve nemazino akaomarara vhiki kana mwedzi mushure mekuguma kwemakemikari. Marapirwo eFluoride kana mushonga wemazino wemeno akaomarara anogona kurerutsa kusagadzikana.

Kugaya mazino kunogona kukonzera marwadzo mumeno kana musaya dzeshaya.

Marwadzo mumeno kana musaya yesaya anogona kuitika kune varwere vanogaya mazino avo kana vanobata shaya, kazhinji nekuda kwekushushikana kana kusakwanisa kurara. Kurapa kunogona kusanganisira kutapudza kwemhasuru, zvinodhaka zvekurapa kushushikana, kurapwa kwemuviri (kupisa kwakanyorova, kukwiza muviri, uye kutambanudza), uye varindi vemuromo kupfeka pavanorara.

Kudzora marwadzo kunobatsira kusimudzira hupenyu hwemurwere.

Kurwadziwa nemuromo uye kumeso kunogona kukanganisa kudya, kutaura, uye zvimwe zvakawanda zviitwa zvinosanganisira musoro, mutsipa, muromo, nehuro. Vazhinji varwere vane kenza yemusoro neyemutsipa vane marwadzo. Chiremba anogona kukumbira murwere kuti ayere marwadzo achishandisa chiyero cheyero. Izvi zvinogona kunge zviri pachiyero kubva pa0 kusvika pa10, uye gumi ichive chakaipisisa. Iyo nhanho yemarwadzo akanzwa inokanganiswa nezvinhu zvakawanda zvakasiyana. Izvo zvakakosha kuti varwere vataure navanachiremba nezvekurwadziwa.

Marwadzo asina kudzorwa anogona kukanganisa nzvimbo dzese dzeupenyu hwemurwere. Marwadzo anogona kukonzera kushushikana uye kushushikana, uye anogona kudzivirira murwere kubva mukushanda kana kunakidzwa nehupenyu hwezuva nezuva neshamwari uye nemhuri. Marwadzo anogona zvakare kudzora kupora kubva kugomarara kana kutungamira kumatambudziko matsva emuviri. Kudzora marwadzo ekenza kunogona kubatsira murwere kunakidzwa nezvakajairika maitiro uye hupenyu hwakanaka.

Nekurwadziwa kwemumuromo mucositis, kurapwa kwemusoro kunowanzo shandiswa. Ona iyo Oral Mucositis chikamu cheichi chidimbu cheruzivo rwekununura muromo wemumuromo mucositis.

Mimwe mishonga inorwadza inogona kushandiswa zvakare. Dzimwe nguva, zvinopfuura mushonga mumwe wekurwadziwa unodiwa. Tsinga dzinozorodza uye nemishonga yekuzvidya mwoyo kana kushushikana kana kudzivirira kubatika zvinogona kubatsira vamwe varwere. Nekurwadziwa kwakanyanya, maopioid anogona kupihwa.

Mishonga isiri yemishonga inogona kubatsira, kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kurapa kwepanyama.

• TENS (transcutaneous magetsi etsinga inosimudzira).

• Kuisa chando kana kupisa.

• Hypnosis.

• Kugadzirira. (Ona pfupiso ye paAcupuncture.)

• Kukanganisa.

• Relaxation kurapwa kana mifananidzo.

• Kufungisisa maitiro ekurapa.

• Mimhanzi kana mutambo wekurapa.

• Kurairana.

Utachiona

Kukuvara kwemukati memuromo uye kushomeka kwema immune zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kuti hutachiona huitike.

Oral mucositis inoputsa iyo lining yemuromo, iyo inoita kuti mabhakitiriya nemavirusi apinde muropa. Kana immune system isisina simba nekemotherapy, kunyangwe mabhakitiriya akanaka mumuromo anogona kukonzera hutachiona. Utachiona hwakatorwa kubva muchipatara kana dzimwe nzvimbo dzinogona kukonzera utachiona.

Sezvo chena yeropa masero kuverenga ichidzikira, hutachiona hunogona kuitika kazhinji uye hunowedzera kuve hwakanyanya. Varwere vane yakachena chena masero eropa kuverenga kwenguva yakareba vane njodzi yakanyanya yehutachiona hwakakomba. Muromo wakaoma, uyo unowanzoitika panguva yekurapwa nemwaranzi kumusoro nemutsipa, zvinogona zvakare kukwidza njodzi yekutapukirwa mumuromo.

Kuchengeta mazino kunopihwa chemotherapy uye radiation isati yatanga kunogona kudzikisa njodzi yekubatira hutachiona mumuromo, mazino, kana matadza.

Zvirwere zvinogona kukonzerwa nehutachiona, fungus, kana hutachiona.

Hutachiona hutachiona

Kurapa kwehutachiona hwehutachiona muvarwere vane chirwere chegum uye vanogamuchira yakakura-dose chemotherapy inogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Uchishandisa mushonga uye peroxide muromo rinses.

• Kutsvaira nekupuruzira.

• Kupfeka mazino ekugadzira zvishoma sezvinobvira.

Fungal zvirwere

Muromo unowanzo uine fungi iyo inogona kugara mukati kana mukanwa musingaitise chero matambudziko. Nekudaro, kuwandisa (kuwanda fungi) mumuromo kunogona kuve kwakakomba uye kunofanirwa kurapwa.

Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya uye steroid mishonga inowanzo shandiswa kana murwere achiwana chemotherapy aine yakachena chena masero eropa. Iyi mishonga inoshandura chiyero chebhakitiriya mumuromo, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kuti kukura kwefungus kuitike. Zvakare, hutachiona hutachiona hwakajairika kune varwere vanorapwa ne radiation radiation. Varwere vanogamuchira kurapwa kwekenza vanogona kupihwa mishonga yekubatsira kudzivirira hutachiona kubva pakuitika.

Candidiasis rudzi rwehutachiona hwefungal hwakajairika kune varwere vanowana ese chemotherapy uye radiation radiation. Zviratidzo zvinogona kusanganisira kurwadziwa kunopisa uye shanduko shanduko. Kurapa kwehutachiona hwehutachiona mumupendero wemuromo chete kunogona kusanganisira kushambidza muromo uye lozenges ane antifungal zvinodhaka. Anififungal sukurudza inofanira kushandiswa kunyorovesa meno ekugadzira uye mazino zvigadzirwa uye kushambidza muromo. Mishonga inogona kushandiswa kana rinses uye lozenges zvikasabvisa hutachiona hwefungal. Zvinodhaka dzimwe nguva zvinoshandiswa kudzivirira hutachiona hutachiona.

Utachiona hutachiona

Varwere vanogamuchira chemotherapy, kunyanya avo vane immune system inoshomeka ne stem cell transplant, vane njodzi yakawedzera yehutachiona hutachiona. Utachiona hweHerpesvirus uye mamwe hutachiona husingaoneki (huripo mumuviri asi husiri kushanda kana kukonzera zviratidzo) hunogona kubuda. Kutsvaga nekurapa hutachiona pakutanga kwakakosha. Kupa antiviral zvinodhaka kurapwa kusati kwatanga kunogona kudzikisa njodzi yehutachiona hwehutachiona.

Kubuda ropa

Kubuda ropa kunogona kuitika kana mishonga inorwisa kenza ichiita kuti ropa risakwanise kugwamba.

Yakakwira-dose chemotherapy uye maseru maseru anoiswa anogona kukonzera yakaderera-kupfuura-yakajairwa nhamba yemaplatelet muropa. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera matambudziko nemuviri wekuvhara ropa. Kubuda ropa kunogona kuve kwakapfava (madiki matsvuku matsvuku pamiromo, mukanwa munyoro, kana pasi pemuromo) kana zvakakomba, kunyanya pamutsetse wegum uye kubva kune maronda mumuromo. Nzvimbo dzechirwere chemazizi dzinogona kubuda ropa dzoga kana kana dzatsamwiswa nekudya, kukwesha, kana kukwiza. Kana platelet kuverenga yakadzika kwazvo, ropa rinogona kubuda kubva pamatadza.

Vazhinji varwere vanogona kukwesha nekuchenesa uye kubvarura apo kuwanda kweropa kuri kushoma.

Kuenderera mberi nekuchengetwa kwemazuva ese kuchabatsira kudzivirira hutachiona hunogona kuita kuti matambudziko ekubuda ropa awedzere. Chiremba wako wemazino kana chiremba anogona kutsanangura marapirwo aungaita kubuda ropa uye chengetedza muromo wako zvakachena kana huwandu hweplatelet hwadzikira.

Kurapa kwekubuda ropa panguva yekemotherapy kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Mishonga yekuderedza kuyerera kweropa uye kubatsira mafomu fomu.

• Misoro yezvinhu zvinogadzira uye zvinovhara nzvimbo dzinobuda ropa.

• Kuchenesa nemusanganiswa wemvura yemunyu uye 3% hydrogen peroxide. (Musanganiswa unofanirwa kuva nekaviri kana katatu huwandu hwemvura yemunyu pane hydrogen peroxide.) Kugadzira musanganiswa wemvura yemunyu, isa 1/4 teaspoon yemunyu mukapu imwe yemvura. Izvi zvinobatsira kuchenesa maronda mumuromo. Sukurudza nokungwarira kuti kugwamba kusakanganiswa.

Muromo Wakaoma

Muromo wakaomarara (xerostomia) unoitika kana maronda ematevary asingaite mate akakwana.

Mate anogadzirwa nematehwe ematevhi. Mate anodiwa kuravira, kumedza, uye kutaura. Inobatsira kudzivirira hutachiona uye kuora kwemazino nekuchenesa mazino uye matadza uye kudzivirira acid yakawanda mumuromo.

Radiation kurapa kunogona kukuvadza maseru emate uye kukonzeresa kuti vaite mate mashoma. Dzimwe mhando dzekemotherapy dzinoshandiswa kweiyo stem cell yekuisa inogona zvakare kukuvadza mate salivary.

Kana pasina mate anokwana, muromo unowoma uye kusagadzikana. Mamiriro aya anonzi akaoma mukanwa (xerostomia). Njodzi yekuora kwemeno, chirwere chemazino, uye hutachiona zvinowedzera, uye hupenyu hwako hutambura.

Zviratidzo zvemuromo wakaoma zvinosanganisira zvinotevera:

• Mate akaonda, ane tambo.

• Kuwedzera nyota.

• Shanduko mukuravira, kumedza, kana kutaura.

• Kunzwa kana kupisa (kunyanya parurimi).

• Kucheka kana kutsemuka mumiromo kana pamakona emuromo.

• Shanduko mumeso erurimi.

• Zvinetso kupfeka meno ekugadzira.

Salivary gland inowanzo dzokera kune yakasarudzika mushure mekuguma kwemakemotherapy.

Muromo wakaomeswa unokonzerwa nekemotherapy yeiyo stem cell yekuisa inowanzo kuve kwenguva pfupi Iwo maseru esvary anowanzo gadziridza mwedzi miviri kana mitatu mushure mekuguma kwemachemotherapy.

Materu eSalivary anogona kutadza kupora zvachose mushure mekurapwa nemwaranzi kwapera.

Huwandu hwematehwe akagadzirwa nematehwe ematehwe anowanzo tanga kudzikira mukati mevhiki rimwe mushure mekutanga kurapwa nemwaranzi kumusoro kana mutsipa. Inoramba ichiderera apo kurapwa kunoenderera. Iyo yakaoma sei kuoma kunoenderana nedosi re radiation uye huwandu hweasvary gland anogamuchira radiation.

Salivary gland inogona kupora mukati megore rekutanga mushure mekurapwa nemwaranzi. Nekudaro, kupora kazhinji hakuwanzo kukwana, kunyanya kana maronda esvivhu akagamuchira nemwaranzi yakananga. Materu esalivary asina kugashira mwaranzi anogona kutanga kugadzira mate akawanda kuti agadzire kurasikirwa kwemate kubva mumatope akakuvadzwa.

Kuchenjerera hutsanana hwemumuromo kunogona kubatsira kudzivirira maronda emuromo, chingamu chirwere, uye kuora kwemeno kunokonzerwa nemuromo wakaoma.

Kuchengeta kwemuromo wakaoma kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Chenesa muromo nemazino kanokwana kana pazuva.

• Floss kamwe pazuva.

• Shamba ne fluoride mushonga wemazino.

• Isa gel fluoride kamwe chete pazuva panguva yekurara, mushure mekuchenesa meno.

• Sukurudza kanokwana kana kana kanomwe pazuva nemusanganiswa wemunyu uye pasoda (sanganisa ½ teaspoon munyu uye ½ teaspoon kubheka soda mukapu imwe yemvura inodziya).

• Dzivisa chikafu uye zvinwiwa zvine shuga yakawanda mazviri.

• Sipa mvura kazhinji kudzora kuoma kwemuromo.

Chiremba wemazino anogona kupa zvinotevera kurapwa:

• Rinses kutsiva zvicherwa mumeno.

• Rinses yekurwisa hutachiona mumuromo.

• Mate zvinotsiva kana mishonga inobatsira iyo matinji mate kuita mamwe mate.

• Fluoride mishonga yekudzivirira kuora kwemeno.

Kugadziriswa kunogona kubatsira zvakare kubvisa mukanwa wakaoma.

Kuora kwezino

Kuomesa muromo uye shanduko muyero yebhakitiriya mumuromo inowedzera njodzi yekuora kwemeno (maburi). Kuchenjerera hutsanana uye kugara uchichengetwa nachiremba wemazino kunogona kubatsira kudzivirira kutsemuka. Ona iyo Yakajairwa Oral Kuchengeta chikamu cheichi chidimbu kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo.

Edza Shanduko

Shanduko mukuravira (dysguesia) dzinojairika panguva yekemotherapy uye radiation radiation.

Shanduko mupfungwa yekuravira chinhu chakajairika pamhedzisiro yeese chemotherapy uye yemusoro kana yemutsipa radiation kurapwa. Raviro yeshanduko inogona kukonzerwa nekukuvara kune evira bhudzi, yakaoma muromo, hutachiona, kana mazino matambudziko. Chikafu chingaratidzika sechisina kuravira kana chingatadza kuravira nenzira yavakaita pamberi pekenza kurapwa. Radiation inogona kukonzera shanduko mune inotapira, inovava, inovava, uye munyu kuravira. Chemotherapy zvinodhaka zvinogona kukonzera kuravira kusingafadzi.

Mune vazhinji varwere vanowana chemotherapy uye mune vamwe varwere vanowana radiation radiation, kuravira kunodzoka kune zvakajairwa mwedzi mishoma mushure mekurapwa kupera. Nekudaro, kune vakawanda radiation radiation varwere, shanduko ndeyekusingaperi. Mune vamwe, iwo mabhudzi ekuravira anogona kupora mushure memavhiki matanhatu kusvika masere kana kupfuura mushure mekurapwa nemwaranzi. Zinc sulphate zvinowedzera zvinogona kubatsira vamwe varwere kupora pfungwa yavo yekuravira.

Kuneta

Cancer varwere vari kugamuchira yakakwira-dose chemotherapy kana radiation kurapwa kazhinji vanonzwa kuneta (kushomeka kwesimba). Izvi zvinogona kukonzerwa necancer kana kurapwa kwayo. Vamwe varwere vanogona kunge vaine matambudziko ekurara. Varwere vanogona kunzwa vakaneta zvakanyanya kutarisirwa kwemuromo nguva dzose, izvo zvinogona kuwedzera njodzi yemaronda emuromo, hutachiona, uye kurwadziwa. (Ona pfupiso yePDPQ nezve Kuneta kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo.)

Kushaya zvokudya zvinovaka muviri

Kurasikirwa nechido kunogona kutungamira mukushaya chikafu.

Varwere vanorapwa kenza yemusoro neyemutsipa vane njodzi huru yekushaya chikafu. Iyo kenza pachayo, kudya kwakashata usati waongororwa, uye kunetseka kubva pakuvhiyiwa, kurapwa kwemwaranzi, uye chemotherapy kunogona kutungamira kumatambudziko ezvekudya. Varwere vanogona kurasikirwa nechido chekudya nekuda kwekusvotwa, kurutsa, kunetseka kumedza, maronda mumuromo, kana kuoma muromo. Kana kudya kuchikonzera kusagadzikana kana kurwadziwa, hupenyu hwemurwere uye hutano hutano hunotambura. Izvi zvinotevera zvinogona kubatsira varwere vane kenza kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekudya.

• Shandira chikafu chakatemwa, chevhu, kana chakasanganiswa, kupfupisa iyo nguva inoda kugara mumuromo usati wamedzwa.

• Idya pakati-chikafu tudyo kuti uwedzere macalorie uye zvinovaka muviri.

• Idya zvekudya zvine macalorie mazhinji uye mapuroteni.

• Tora zvinowedzera kuti uwane mavitamini, zvicherwa, uye macalorie.

Kusangana nemupi wezano wezvehutano kunogona kubatsira panguva uye mushure mekurapwa.

Rutsigiro rwechikafu runogona kusanganisira kudya kwemvura uye kudya kwepombi

Varwere vazhinji vanorapwa kenza yemusoro neyemutsipa vanogamuchira kurapwa nemwaranzi chete vanokwanisa kudya zvinyoro nyoro. Sezvo kurapwa kuri kuenderera, varwere vazhinji vanowedzera kana kuchinjira kune yakakwira-koriori, yakakwira-mapuroteni zvinwiwa kuzadzisa zvido zvavo zvekudya. Vamwe varwere vangangoda kugamuchira izvo zvinwiwa kuburikidza nechubhu inoiswa mudumbu kana mudumbu. Vanenge vese varwere vanogamuchira chemotherapy uye yemusoro kana yemutsipa radiation kurapwa panguva imwechete vachada chubhu feedings mukati memavhiki matatu kusvika mana. Zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti varwere vanoita zvirinani kana vakatanga izvi zvekudyisa pakutanga kwekurapwa, kusati kwaderera uremu kunoitika.

Kudya kwakajairwa nemuromo kunogona kutanga zvakare kana kurapwa kwapera uye nzvimbo yakagashira radiation inopora. Chikwata chinosanganisira kutaura uye kumedza murapi chinogona kubatsira varwere nekudzoka kuchikafu chakajairwa. Tube feedings inoderedzwa sekudya nemuromo kuwedzera, uye inomiswa kana iwe uchikwanisa kuwana zvakakwana zvinovaka muviri nemuromo. Kunyangwe vazhinji varwere vachakwanisazve kudya chikafu chakasimba, vazhinji vanozove nekusingaperi zvinetswa sekuchinja kwekuravira, kuoma muromo, uye kunetseka kumedza.

Muromo uye Shaya Kuomarara

Kurapa kwekenza yemusoro neyemutsipa kunogona kukanganisa kugona kufambisa shaya, muromo, mutsipa, uye rurimi. Panogona kuve nezvinetso nekumedza. Kuomarara kunogona kukonzerwa ne:

• Kuvhiya kwemuromo.

• Kwapera nguva mhedzisiro ye radiation radiation. Kuwedzera kweiyo fibrous tishu (fibrosis) muganda, mucous membranes, mhasuru, uye majoini eshaya zvinogona kuitika mushure mekurapwa nemwaranzi kwapera.

• Kushungurudzika kunokonzerwa nekenza uye kurapwa kwayo.

Kuomarara kwesaya kunogona kutungamira kumatambudziko akakomba ehutano, anosanganisira:

• Kushaya zvinovaka muviri uye kuonda kubva mukusagona kudya zvakajairika.

• Kunonoka kupora uye kupora kubva kuhutano husina kunaka.

• Zvinetso zvemazino kubva pakutadza kuchenesa meno nemazino zvakanaka uye nemazino ekurapa.

• Kuneta kwehasuru tsandanyama kubva pakusashandisa.

• Zvinetso zvepamoyo kubva kunzvenga kushamwaridzana nevamwe nekuda kwekunetseka kutaura nekudya.

Njodzi yekuomesa shaya kubva pakurapwa nemwaranzi inowedzera nemadosi epamusoro emwaranzi uye nekudzokororwa kwema radiation. Iko kuomarara kunowanzo kutanga kwakatenderedza nguva iyo kurapwa kwemwaranzi kunopera. Zvinogona kuwedzera kuwedzera nekufamba kwenguva, kugara zvakadaro, kana kuita zvirinani pachazvo. Kurapa kunofanira kutanga nekukasira kuitira kuti mamiriro acho asanyanya kuwedzera kana kugara zvachose. Kurapa kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera

• Mishonga yekurapa pamuromo.

• Marapirwo ekurwadziwa.

• Mushonga wekuzorodza mhasuru.

• Shaya kurovedza.

• Mushonga wekurapa kushushikana.

Kumedza Matambudziko

Marwadzo panguva yekumedza uye kutadza kumedza (dysphagia) zvakajairika mune vanorwara nekenza pamberi, panguva, uye mushure mekurapwa.

Kumedza matambudziko kwakajairika kune varwere vane cancer uye yemutsipa kenza. Kanzera yekurapa mhedzisiro senge mukanwa mucositis, mukanwa wakaoma, kukuvara kweganda kubva kumwaranzi, kutapukirwa, uye kubatanidzwa-kupesana-nehutachiona-chirwere (GVHD) zvinogona kukonzera matambudziko nekumedza.

Dambudziko rekumedza rinowedzera njodzi yezvimwe zvinonetsa.

Mamwe matambudziko anogona kukura kubva mukusagona kumedza uye izvi zvinogona kuwedzera kudzikisira hupenyu hwevarwere:

• Pneumonia uye mamwe matambudziko ekufema: Varwere vane dambudziko rekumedza vanogona kuda (inhale chikafu kana zvinwiwa mumapapu) kana vachiedza kudya kana kunwa. Kufuridzira kunogona kutungamira kune akakomba mamiriro, anosanganisira mabayo uye kufema kutadza.

• Chikafu chisina kunaka: Kusakwanisa kumedza kazhinji kunoita kuti zvive zvakaoma kudya zvakanaka. Kushaya zvinovaka muviri kunoitika kana muviri ukasawana zvese zvinovaka muviri zvinodiwa pahutano. Maronda anopora zvishoma nezvishoma uye muviri haugone kurwisa utachiona.

• Chido chekupa chubhu: Murwere asingakwanise kutora chikafu chakakwana nemuromo anogona kupihwa chikafu kuburikidza nehubhu. Boka rezvehutano uye chiremba akanyoreswa anokwanisa kutsanangura zvakanakira uye njodzi dzekupa chubhu kwevarwere vane matambudziko ekumedza.

• Zvimwe zvinokonzeresa zvemushonga wemarwadzo: Maopioid anoshandiswa kurapa kumedza kunorwadza anogona kukonzera kuoma muromo uye kupatira

• Zvinetso zvemupfungwa: Kusakwanisa kudya, kunwa, uye kutaura zvakajairika kunogona kukonzera kushushikana uye chishuwo chekudzivisa vamwe vanhu.

Kunyangwe radiation radiation ichakanganisa kumedza zvinoenderana nezvinhu zvakawanda.

Izvi zvinotevera zvinogona kukanganisa njodzi yekumedza matambudziko mushure mekurapwa nemwaranzi:

• Yese dosi uye chirongwa che radiation radiation. Doses yepamusoro pane ipfupi nguva inowanzo kuve nemimwe mhedzisiro.

• Nzira iyo radiation inopihwa. Dzimwe mhando dzemwaranzi dzinokanganisa kushoma kumaturu ane hutano.

• Kunyangwe chemotherapy inopihwa panguva imwe chete. Ngozi yemhedzisiro inowedzera kana ese ari maviri akapihwa.

• Maumbirwo emurwere.

• Kunyangwe murwere ari kutora chero chikafu nemuromo kana chete nekupa chubhu.

• Kuti murwere anosvuta here.

• Iye murwere anokwanisa kukunda sei nematambudziko.

Kumedza matambudziko dzimwe nguva kunopera mushure mekurapwa

Mimwe mhedzisiro inoenda mukati memwedzi mitatu mushure mekuguma kwekurapwa, uye varwere vanokwanisa kumedza zvakajairika zvakare. Zvisinei, kumwe kurapa kunogona kukonzera kusingaperi kukuvara kana kunonoka mhedzisiro.

Mhedzisiro mhedzisiro matambudziko ehutano anoitika nguva refu mushure mekunge kurapwa kwapera. Mamiriro ezvinhu anogona kukonzera kusingaperi kumedza matambudziko kana kunonoka mhedzisiro anosanganisira:

• Yakakuvara tsinga dzeropa.

• Kuparadza matissue munzvimbo dzakarapwa.

• Lymphedema (buildup of lymph mumuviri).

• Kukura kweiyo fibrous tishu mumusoro kana mutsipa nzvimbo, izvo zvinogona kutungamira mukuomarara kwesaya.

• Chisingaperi chakaoma muromo.

• Zvirwere.

Matambudziko ekumedza anotarisirwa nechikwata chehunyanzvi.

Iyo oncologist inoshanda pamwe nevamwe nyanzvi dzezvehutano avo vane hunyanzvi hwekurapa kenza yemusoro nemutsipa uye kunetseka kwemuromo kwekurapwa kwegomarara. Nyanzvi idzi dzinogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Speech Therapist: Anotaura murapi anogona kuongorora kuti murwere ari kumedza sei uye opa murwere kumedza kurapwa neruzivo kuti anyatsonzwisisa dambudziko.

• Dietitian: Nyanzvi yezvokudya inogona kubatsira kuronga nzira yakachengeteka yekuti murwere agamuchire chikafu chinodiwa pahutano uku achimedza idambudziko.

• Dental nyanzvi: Tsiva meno asipo uye nzvimbo yakanganisika yemuromo nezvigadzirwa zvekugadzira kubatsira kumedza.

• Nyanzvi yezvepfungwa: Kune varwere vane nguva yakaoma yekugadzirisa kuti vatadze kumedza uye kudya zvakajairika, kurairwa kwepfungwa kunogona kubatsira.

Tissue uye Bone Kurasikirwa

Radiation kurapa kunogona kuparadza mashoma kwazvo mitsipa yeropa mukati mefupa. Izvi zvinogona kuuraya pfupa uye zvoita kuti mapfupa atsemuke kana hutachiona. Radiation inogona zvakare kuuraya tishu mumuromo. Maronda anogona kuumba, kukura, uye kukonzera marwadzo, kurasikirwa kwekunzwa, kana hutachiona.

Kuchengetedza kwekudzivirira kunogona kuita kuti kurasikirwa kwetishu uye kwemapfupa kushome zvakanyanya.

Izvi zvinotevera zvinogona kubatsira kudzivirira nekubata kurasikirwa kwenyama uye pfupa:

• Idya kudya kwakanyatsonaka.

• Pfeka mazino ekubvisa kana zvigadzirwa zvekubvisa zvishoma sezvazvinogona.

• Usapute.

• Usanwa doro.

• Shandisa mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya.

• Shandisai marwadzo ekurwadziwa sezvakarairwa.

• Kuvhiya kubvisa pfupa rakafa kana kuvakazve mapfupa emuromo uye shaya.

• Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (nzira inoshandisa oxygen pasi pekumanikidza kubatsira maronda kupora).

Ona pfupiso ye pamusoro peKudya muKenza Kutarisira kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezve kubata maronda emuromo, kuoma muromo, uye kuravira shanduko.

Kugadzirisa Oral Matambudziko eHigh-Dose Chemotherapy uye / kana Stem Cell Kuisa

PFUNGWA DZINOKOSHA

• Varwere vanogashira michero vane njodzi yakawedzera yechirwere chekubata-maringe neyakagamuchirwa.

• Zvishandiso zvemumuromo zvinoda kutarisirwa chaiko panguva yepamusoro-dhiza chemotherapy uye / kana stem cell yekuisa

• Kuchengetwa kwemazino uye matadza kwakakosha panguva yemakemikari kana masero ekuisa maseru.

• Mishonga uye chando zvinogona kushandiswa kudzivirira uye kurapa mucositis kubva kune stem cell kuisirwa.

• Mishonga yemazino inogona kubviswa kudzamara immune yemurwere yadzokera kune yakajairwa.

Varwere vanogashira michero vane njodzi yakawedzera yechirwere chekubata-maringe neyakagamuchirwa.

Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) inoitika kana nyama yako ikapindirana nemwongo kana masero emadziro anouya kubva kune anopa. Zviratidzo zvemuromo GVHD zvinosanganisira zvinotevera:

• Maronda akatsvuka uye ane maronda, ayo anoonekwa mumuromo mavhiki maviri kusvika matatu mushure mekuiswa.

• Muromo wakaoma.

• Marwadzo kubva kune zvinonhuwira, doro, kana kunhuhwirira (senge mint mune mushonga wemazino).

• Kumedza matambudziko.

• Kunzwa kwekusunga paganda kana mune yekunamatira pamuromo.

• Edza shanduko.

Izvo zvakakosha kuti zviratidzo izvi zvirapwe nekuti zvinogona kutungamira mukurema uremu kana kushaya zvinovaka muviri. Kurapa kwemuromo GVHD kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Musoro rinses, gels, makirimu, kana mapoda.

• Antifungal zvinodhaka zvinotorwa nemuromo kana jekiseni.

• Psoralen uye ultraviolet A (PUVA) kurapa.

• Zvinodhaka zvinobatsira mate anokonesa kuita mate akawanda.

• Fluoride mishonga.

• Kurapa kutsiva zvicherwa zvakarasika kubva pameno nemaacid mumuromo.

Zvishandiso zvemumuromo zvinoda kutarisirwa chaiko panguva yepamusoro-dhiza chemotherapy uye / kana stem cell yekuisa

Izvi zvinotevera zvinogona kubatsira mukutarisira uye kushandiswa kwemazino ekugezesa, mabhureki, uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvemumuromo panguva yepamusoro-dose chemotherapy kana stem cell yekuisa.

• Iva nezvikomberedzo, waya, uye zvinochengeterwa zvabviswa pasati panyanya-dose chemotherapy inotanga.

• Pfeka mazino ekugadzirira chete kana uchidya mukati memavhiki matatu kusvika mana ekutanga mushure mekuiswa.

• Bhurai mazino maviri pazuva uye musuke zvakanaka.

• Soak dentures mumushonga unorwisa mabhakitiriya kana iwo asina kusakara.

• Yakachena denture ichinyika makapu uye uchichinja mazino ekuisa mhinduro zuva rega rega.

• Bvisa mazino ekugezesa kana zvimwe zvekushandisa pakuchenesa muromo.

• Enderera yako yenguva dzose kutarisirwa kwemuromo 3 kana kanokwana ka4 nemazino ekushandisa kana zvimwe zvishandiso zvinobuda mumuromo.

• Kana iwe uine maronda emuromo, dzivisa kushandisa zvinobviswa zvemumuromo zvigadzirwa kusvikira maronda apora.

Kuchengetwa kwemazino uye matadza kwakakosha panguva yemakemikari kana masero ekuisa maseru.

Taura nachiremba wako kana chiremba wemazino nezvenzira yakanakisa yekutarisira mukanwa mako panguva yepamusoro-dose chemotherapy uye stem cell transplant. Kuchenjerera kukwesha uye kubvarura kunogona kubatsira kudzivirira hutachiona hwemumuromo matishu. Izvi zvinotevera zvinogona kubatsira kudzivirira hutachiona uye kubvisa kusagadzikana kwemuromo mumatukisi:

• Bhura mazino neine-bristle bhurosi 2 kusvika katatu pazuva. Ive neshuwa yekukwesha nzvimbo inosangana nemazino matadza.

• Sukurudza bhurasho remazino mumvura inopisa wega wega wega wega kusvika pamasekonzi gumi nemashanu kusvika makumi matatu kuti bristles rinyorove.

• Sukurudza muromo wako katatu kana ka4 uchikwesha.

• Dzivisa marinses ane doro mavari.

• Shandisa mushonga unorwadza wemazino.

• Rega bhurosi remazino riome-pakati pekushandisa.

• Floss zvinoenderana neyako chiremba chiremba kana chiremba wemazano.

• Chenesa muromo mushure mekudya.

• Shandisa furo swabs kuchenesa rurimi uye denga remuromo.

• Dzivisa zvinotevera:

• Zvikafu zvinonhuwira kana acidic.

• Chikafu "chakaomarara" chinogona kutsamwisa kana kutyora ganda mumuromo mako, zvakaita semachipisi.

• Zvokudya zvinopisa uye zvinwiwa.

Mishonga uye chando zvinogona kushandiswa kudzivirira uye kurapa mucositis kubva kune stem cell kuisirwa.

Mishonga inogona kupihwa yekubatsira kudzivirira maronda emuromo kana kubatsira muromo kupora nekukurumidza kana ikakuvara nekemotherapy kana radiation radiation. Zvakare, kubata echando machipisi mumuromo panguva yepamusoro-dhiza chemotherapy, zvinogona kubatsira kudzivirira maronda emuromo.

Mishonga yemazino inogona kubviswa kudzamara immune yemurwere yadzokera kune yakajairwa.

Kugara uchirapa mazino, kusanganisira kuchenesa uye kupora, kunofanira kumirira kusvikira murwere wekuisira murwere adzokera kune zvakajairwa. Iyo immune system inogona kutora mwedzi mitanhatu kusvika gumi nemiviri kuti ipore mushure meyakanyanya-dose chemotherapy uye stem cell kuisirwa. Munguva ino, njodzi yezvinetso zvemumuromo yakakwira. Kana kurapwa kwemazino kuchidikanwa, mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya uye kuchengetedzwa kunopihwa.

Kuchengetedza kwekutsigira pamberi pemuromo maitiro kunogona kusanganisira kupa maantibiotioti kana immunoglobulin G, kugadzirisa steroid doses, uye / kana platelet kuwedzerwa.

Matambudziko Emumuromo muChipiri Gomarara

Vakapona veCancer avo vakagamuchira chemotherapy kana kuisirwa kana avo vakapihwa radiation kurapwa vari panjodzi yekuita kenza yechipiri gare gare muhupenyu. Oral squamous cell cancer ndiyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa yechipiri kenza yemukanwa mukuisira varwere. Miromo nerurimi ndiyo nzvimbo dzinokanganiswa kazhinji.

Cancer yechipiri inowanzoonekwa nevarwere vanorapwa neleukemia kana lymphoma, Multiple myeloma varwere vakagamuchira stem cell yekuisa vachishandisa yavo masero maseru dzimwe nguva vanogadzira plasmacytoma yemuromo.

Varwere vakagamuchira kuisirwa vanofanirwa kuona chiremba kana vaine kuzvimba lymph node kana mapundu munzvimbo dzakapfava dzemaviri. Ichi chingave chiratidzo checancer yechipiri.

Matambudziko Emumuromo Asina Hukama neChemotherapy kana Radiation Therapy

PFUNGWA DZINOKOSHA

• Mimwe mishonga inoshandiswa kurapa kenza uye mamwe matambudziko emapfupa akabatana nekurasikirwa kwepfupa mumuromo.

• Kurapa kweONJ kazhinji kunosanganisira kurapa hutachiona uye hutsanana hwemazino.

Mimwe mishonga inoshandiswa kurapa kenza uye mamwe matambudziko emapfupa akabatana nekurasikirwa kwepfupa mumuromo.

Mimwe mishonga inodambura pfupa mumuromo. Izvi zvinonzi osteonecrosis yesaya (ONJ). ONJ inogona zvakare kukonzera hutachiona. Zviratidzo zvinosanganisira kurwadziwa uye maronda anopisa mumuromo, uko nzvimbo dzefupa rakakuvara rinogona kuratidza.

Zvinodhaka zvinogona kukonzera ONJ zvinosanganisira zvinotevera:

• Bisphosphonates: Zvinodhaka zvinopihwa kune vamwe varwere vane kenza yakapararira kusvika kumapfupa. Izvo zvinoshandiswa kudzikisa kurwadziwa uye njodzi yemapfupa akavhunika. Bisphosphonates anoshandiswawo kurapa hypercalcemia (yakawandisa calcium muropa). Bisphosphonates inowanzo shandiswa inosanganisira zoledronic acid, pamidronate, uye alendronate.

• Denosumab: Mushonga unoshandiswa kudzivirira kana kubata mamwe matambudziko emapfupa. Denosumab rudzi rwemonoclonal antibody.

• Angiogenesis inhibitors: Zvinodhaka kana zvinhu zvinoita kuti tsinga dzeropa itsva dzisaumbike. Mukurapa kenza, angiogenesis inhibitors inogona kudzivirira kukura kwemitsipa yeropa mitsva iyo mamota anoda kukura. Mamwe ma angiogenesis inhibitors anogona kukonzera ONJ ndeve bevacizumab, sunitinib, uye sorafenib.

Izvo zvakakosha kuti timu yehutano yehutano izive kana murwere akarapwa nemishonga iyi. Gomarara rapararira pashaya rinogona kutaridzika kunge ONJ. Bhiopsy inogona kudikanwa kuti uwane chikonzero cheiyo ONJ.

ONJ haisi yakajairika mamiriro. Izvo zvinowanzoitika kazhinji kune varwere vanogamuchira bisphosphonates kana denosumab nejekiseni kupfuura kune varwere vanovatora nemuromo. Kutora bisphosphonates, denosumab, kana angiogenesis inhibitors kunowedzera njodzi yeOJJ. Ngozi yeOJJ yakanyanya kukura apo angiogenesis inhibitors uye bisphosphonates zvinoshandiswa pamwechete.

Izvi zvinotevera zvinogona zvakare kuwedzera njodzi yeOOJ:

• Kubviswa mazino.

• Kupfeka mazino ekunze asina kukwana zvakanaka.

• Kuve neakawanda myeloma.

Varwere vane bone metastases vanogona kudzora njodzi yavo yeOnJ nekuvhenekwa uye kurapwa kwemazino matambudziko bisphosphonate kana denosumab therapy yatanga.

Kurapa kweONJ kazhinji kunosanganisira kurapa hutachiona uye hutsanana hwemazino.

Kurapa kweONJ kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kubvisa hutachiona hutachiona, hunogona kusanganisira bone. Kuvhiya kweLaser kunogona kushandiswa.

• Inorerutsa inopinza micheto yemapfupa akafumurwa.

• Kushandisa mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kurwisa hutachiona.

• Kushandisa mishonga yakashambidzwa mumuromo.

• Kushandisa mushonga wemarwadzo.

Panguva yekurapa ONJ, iwe unofanirwa kuenderera uchikwesha nekukwiza mushure mekudya kuti uchengete muromo wako wakachena kwazvo. Zvakanakisisa kudzivisa kushandiswa kwefodya apo ONJ ichirapa.

Iwe nachiremba wako munogona kusarudza kana muchifanira kurega kushandisa mishonga inokonzeresa ONJ, zvichibva pamhedzisiro yaingave nayo pahutano hwenyu hwese.

Matambudziko Oral uye Matambudziko Evanhu

The social problems related to oral complications can be the hardest problems for cancer patients to cope with. Oral complications affect eating and speaking and may make you unable or unwilling to take part in mealtimes or to dine out. Patients may become frustrated, withdrawn, or depressed, and they may avoid other people. Some drugs that are used to treat depression cannot be used because they can make oral complications worse. See the following summaries for more information:

• Adjustment to Cancer: Anxiety and Distress

• Depression

Education, supportive care, and the treatment of symptoms are important for patients who have mouth problems that are related to cancer treatment. Patients are watched closely for pain, ability to cope, and response to treatment. Supportive care from health care providers and family can help the patient cope with cancer and its complications.

Oral Complications of Chemotherapy and Radiation Therapy in Children

Children who received high-dose chemotherapy or radiation therapy to the head and neck may not have normal dental growth and development. New teeth may appear late or not at all, and tooth size may be smaller than normal. The head and face may not develop fully. The changes are usually the same on both sides of the head and are not always noticeable.

Orthodontic kurapwa kwevarwere vane aya mazino kukura uye kukura mhedzisiro mhedzisiro iri kuongororwa.