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Kuvura Kanseri yo mu Gitsina (®) - Version y'abarwayi

Amakuru Rusange Yerekeye Kanseri Yinda

INGINGO Z'INGENZI

  • Kanseri yo mu nda ibyara ni indwara ingirabuzimafatizo (kanseri) ziba mu gitsina.
  • Ubusaza no kwandura HPV ni ibintu bishobora gutera kanseri y'inda.
  • Ibimenyetso nibimenyetso bya kanseri yigituba harimo ububabare cyangwa kuva amaraso bidasanzwe.
  • Ibizamini bisuzuma ibyara nizindi ngingo ziri mu gitereko bikoreshwa mugupima kanseri yigituba.
  • Ibintu bimwe bigira ingaruka kubitekerezo (amahirwe yo gukira) hamwe nuburyo bwo kuvura.

Kanseri yo mu nda ibyara ni indwara ingirabuzimafatizo (kanseri) ziba mu gitsina.

Igituba ni umuyoboro uva muri nyababyeyi (gufungura nyababyeyi) ugana hanze yumubiri. Mugihe cyo kuvuka, umwana asohoka mumubiri anyuze mu gitsina (nanone bita umuyoboro wavutse).

Anatomy ya sisitemu yimyororokere yumugore. Ingingo ziri muri sisitemu yimyororokere yumugore zirimo nyababyeyi, intanga ngore, igituba, inkondo y'umura, nigituba. Inda ifite imitsi yo hanze yitwa myometrium n'umurongo w'imbere witwa endometrium.

Kanseri yo mu nda ibyara ntibisanzwe. Hariho ubwoko bubiri bwa kanseri yibyara:

  • Indwara ya kanseri y'udukoko: Kanseri ikora mu ngirabuzimafatizo zoroheje, ziringaniye imbere mu gitsina. Kanseri yo mu nda ibyara ikwirakwira buhoro kandi ubusanzwe iguma hafi yigituba, ariko irashobora gukwirakwira mu bihaha, umwijima, cyangwa amagufwa. Ubu ni ubwoko bwa kanseri yo mu gitsina.
  • Adenocarcinoma: Kanseri itangirira mu ngirabuzimafatizo. Ingirabuzimafatizo zo mu nda ibyara zikora kandi zikarekura amazi nka mucus. Adenocarcinoma irashoboka cyane kuruta kanseri ya selile ikwirakwira mu bihaha no mu mitsi. Ubwoko budasanzwe bwa adenocarcinoma (adenocarcinoma selile isobanutse) bifitanye isano no guhura na diethylstilbestrol (DES) mbere yo kuvuka. Adenocarcinoma idafitanye isano no guhura na DES ikunze kugaragara ku bagore nyuma yo gucura.

Ubusaza no kwandura HPV ni ibintu bishobora gutera kanseri y'inda.

Ikintu cyose cyongera ibyago byo kwandura byitwa impanuka. Kugira ibintu bishobora guteza ibyago ntibisobanura ko uzarwara kanseri; kutagira ibyago bishobora gusobanura ko utazarwara kanseri. Vugana na muganga wawe niba utekereza ko ushobora guhura n'akaga. Impamvu zishobora gutera kanseri ibyara zirimo ibi bikurikira:

  • Kuba ufite imyaka 60 cyangwa irenga.
  • Kugira virusi ya papilloma yumuntu (HPV). Indwara ya kanseri y'udukoko (SCC) yo mu gitsina ifitanye isano n'indwara ya HPV kandi ifite byinshi mu byago bishobora guhura na SCC y'inkondo y'umura.
  • Guhura na DES akiri munda ya nyina. Mu myaka ya za 1950, ibiyobyabwenge DES byahawe abagore bamwe batwite kugirango birinde gukuramo inda (kubyara imburagihe idashobora kubaho). Ibi bifitanye isano nuburyo budasanzwe bwa kanseri yigituba bita selile selile adenocarcinoma. Umubare w'iyi ndwara wari mwinshi mu myaka ya za 70 rwagati, kandi ni gake cyane ubu.
  • Kugira indwara ya hysterectomie yibibyimba byari byiza (ntabwo ari kanseri) cyangwa kanseri.

Ibimenyetso nibimenyetso bya kanseri yigituba harimo ububabare cyangwa kuva amaraso bidasanzwe.

Kanseri yo mu nda ibyara akenshi ntabwo itera ibimenyetso cyangwa ibimenyetso hakiri kare. Irashobora kuboneka mugihe gisanzwe cya pelvic ikizamini na Pap test. Ibimenyetso nibimenyetso bishobora guterwa na kanseri yigituba cyangwa nibindi bihe. Menyesha umuganga wawe niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bikurikira:

  • Kuva amaraso cyangwa gusohora bitajyanye nibihe by'imihango.
  • Kubabara mugihe cyimibonano mpuzabitsina.
  • Ububabare mu gice cya pelvic.
  • Ikibyimba mu gitsina.
  • Kubabara iyo urimo kwihagarika.
  • Kuribwa mu nda.

Ibizamini bisuzuma ibyara nizindi ngingo ziri mu gitereko bikoreshwa mugupima kanseri yigituba.

Ibizamini hamwe nuburyo bukurikira birashobora gukoreshwa:

  • Ikizamini cyumubiri namateka yubuzima: Ikizamini cyumubiri kugirango ugenzure ibimenyetso rusange byubuzima, harimo no gusuzuma ibimenyetso byindwara, nkibibyimba cyangwa ikindi kintu cyose gisa nkidasanzwe. Hazafatwa kandi amateka yubuzima bwumurwayi nindwara zashize hamwe nubuvuzi.
  • Ikizamini cya pelvic: Ikizamini cyigituba, inkondo y'umura, nyababyeyi, igituba cya fallopian, ovaries, na rectum. Igitekerezo cyinjijwe mu gitsina kandi umuganga cyangwa umuforomo areba mu gitsina na nyababyeyi kugira ngo agaragaze ibimenyetso byindwara. Ikizamini cya Papi yinkondo y'umura gikunze gukorwa. Muganga cyangwa umuforomo kandi yinjiza intoki imwe cyangwa ebyiri zasizwe, zometse ku ntoki z'ukuboko kumwe mu gitsina hanyuma agashyira ikindi kiganza hejuru yinda yo hepfo kugirango yumve ubunini, imiterere, n'umwanya wa nyababyeyi na ovaire. Muganga cyangwa umuforomo nawe ashyiramo urutoki rwamavuta, rwuzuye urukiramende kugirango yumve ibibyimba cyangwa ahantu hadasanzwe.
Ikizamini cya pelvic. Umuganga cyangwa umuforomo ashyiramo intoki imwe cyangwa ebyiri zasizwe, zuzuye intoki z'ukuboko kumwe mu gitsina hanyuma agakanda ku nda yo hepfo n'ukundi kuboko. Ibi bikorwa kugirango wumve ubunini, imiterere, n'umwanya wa nyababyeyi na ovaries. Igituba, inkondo y'umura, imiyoboro ya fallopian, na rectum nabyo birasuzumwa.
  • Ikizamini cya papi: Uburyo bwo gukusanya selile ziva hejuru yinkondo y'umura nigituba. Igice cy'ipamba, umuyonga, cyangwa inkoni ntoya y'ibiti bikoreshwa mugukuraho buhoro buhoro ingirabuzimafatizo ziva munda ibyara. Utugingo ngengabuzima tureba munsi ya microscope kugirango tumenye niba bidasanzwe. Ubu buryo nabwo bwitwa Pap smear.
Ikizamini cya pap. Igitekerezo cyinjijwe mu gitsina kugirango cyaguke. Hanyuma, brush yinjizwa mu gitsina kugirango ikusanyirize hamwe ingirabuzimafatizo. Ingirabuzimafatizo zisuzumwa munsi ya microscope kugirango zigaragaze ibimenyetso byindwara.
  • Ikizamini cya papillomavirus yumuntu (HPV): Ikizamini cya laboratoire ikoreshwa mugusuzuma ADN cyangwa RNA kubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwanduye HPV. Ingirabuzimafatizo zegeranijwe ziva muri nyababyeyi na ADN cyangwa RNA ziva mu ngirabuzimafatizo zirasuzumwa kugira ngo hamenyekane niba ubwandu buterwa n'ubwoko bwa HPV bufitanye isano na kanseri y'inkondo y'umura. Iki kizamini gishobora gukorwa ukoresheje icyitegererezo cya selile zavanyweho mugihe cya Pap. Iki kizamini gishobora kandi gukorwa niba ibisubizo byikizamini cya Pap byerekana selile zimwe na zimwe zidasanzwe.
  • Colposcopi: Uburyo bukoreshwa na colposcope (igikoresho kimurika, gikuza) mugusuzuma ibyara na nyababyeyi ahantu hadasanzwe. Ingero za tissue zirashobora gufatwa ukoresheje curette (igikoresho kimeze nk'ikiyiko) cyangwa umuyonga hanyuma ukagenzurwa munsi ya microscope kugirango ibimenyetso byindwara.
  • Biopsy: Gukuraho ingirabuzimafatizo cyangwa ingirabuzimafatizo mu nda ibyara na nyababyeyi kugira ngo zishobore kurebwa munsi ya microscope na psychologue kugira ngo barebe ibimenyetso bya kanseri. Niba ikizamini cya Pap cyerekana selile zidasanzwe mu gitsina, biopsy irashobora gukorwa mugihe cya colposcopi.

Ibintu bimwe bigira ingaruka kubitekerezo (amahirwe yo gukira) hamwe nuburyo bwo kuvura.

Kumenyekanisha biterwa nibi bikurikira:

  • Icyiciro cya kanseri (cyaba kiri mu gitsina gusa cyangwa cyakwirakwiriye mu tundi turere).
  • Ingano yikibyimba.
  • Urwego rw'uturemangingo twibibyimba (uburyo butandukanye na selile zisanzwe munsi ya microscope).
  • Aho kanseri iri mu gitsina.
  • Niba hari ibimenyetso cyangwa ibimenyetso mugusuzuma.
  • Niba kanseri imaze gupimwa cyangwa yagarutse (garuka).

Uburyo bwo kuvura buterwa nibi bikurikira:

  • Intambwe n'ubunini bwa kanseri.
  • Niba kanseri yegereye izindi ngingo zishobora kwangizwa no kuvurwa.
  • Niba ikibyimba kigizwe na selile squamous cyangwa ni adenocarcinoma.
  • Niba umurwayi afite nyababyeyi cyangwa yagize hysterectomie.
  • Niba umurwayi yarigeze kuvura imishwarara yimitsi.

Icyiciro cya Kanseri yo mu nda ibyara

INGINGO Z'INGENZI

  • Nyuma yo gupimwa kanseri yo mu gitsina, hakorwa ibizamini kugira ngo hamenyekane niba kanseri ya kanseri yakwirakwiriye mu gitsina cyangwa mu bindi bice by'umubiri.
  • Hariho uburyo butatu kanseri ikwirakwira mu mubiri.
  • Kanseri irashobora gukwirakwira aho yatangiriye no mu bindi bice byumubiri.
  • Mu nda ibyara intraopithelial neoplasia (VaIN), ingirabuzimafatizo zidasanzwe ziboneka mu ngingo zifata imbere mu nda ibyara.
  • Ibyiciro bikurikira bikoreshwa kuri kanseri yibyara:
  • Icyiciro I.
  • Icyiciro cya II
  • Icyiciro cya III
  • Icyiciro cya IV
  • Kanseri yo mu nda ibyara irashobora kugaruka (kugaruka) imaze kuvurwa.

Nyuma yo gupimwa kanseri yo mu gitsina, hakorwa ibizamini kugira ngo hamenyekane niba kanseri ya kanseri yakwirakwiriye mu gitsina cyangwa mu bindi bice by'umubiri.

Inzira ikoreshwa mu kumenya niba kanseri yarakwirakwiriye mu gitsina cyangwa mu bindi bice by'umubiri byitwa guterana. Amakuru yakusanyirijwe mubikorwa byateguwe agena icyiciro cyindwara. Ni ngombwa kumenya icyiciro kugirango utegure kuvura. Uburyo bukurikira burashobora gukoreshwa mugutegura:

  • Isanduku x-ray: X-ray yingingo namagufwa imbere yigituza. X-ray ni ubwoko bwingufu zishobora kunyura mumubiri no kuri firime, bigakora ishusho yibice byumubiri.
  • CT scan (CAT scan): Uburyo bukora urukurikirane rwamashusho arambuye yibice byimbere mumubiri nkinda cyangwa igitereko, cyafashwe muburyo butandukanye. Amashusho yakozwe na mudasobwa ihujwe na mashini ya x-ray. Irangi rishobora guterwa mumitsi cyangwa kumirwa kugirango bifashe ingingo cyangwa ingirangingo kugaragara neza. Ubu buryo nabwo bwitwa computing tomografiya, tomografiya ya mudasobwa, cyangwa mudasobwa ya axial tomografiya.
  • MRI . Ubu buryo bwitwa kandi magnetic magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI).
  • PET scan (positron emission tomografi scan): Uburyo bwo kubona selile mbi yibibyimba mumubiri. Umubare muto wa glucose ikora radio (isukari) yatewe mumitsi. PET scaneri izenguruka umubiri kandi ikora ishusho yerekana aho glucose ikoreshwa mumubiri. Utugingo ngengabuzima twibibyimba twerekana neza cyane ku ishusho kuko zikora cyane kandi zifata glucose nyinshi kuruta selile zisanzwe.
  • Cystoscopy: Uburyo bwo kureba imbere mu ruhago na urethra kugirango urebe ahantu hadasanzwe. Cystoscope yinjizwa muri urethra mu ruhago. Cystoscope nigikoresho cyoroshye, kimeze nkigikoresho gifite urumuri na lens yo kureba. Irashobora kandi kugira igikoresho cyo gukuraho ingero za tissue, zisuzumwa munsi ya microscope kugirango ibimenyetso bya kanseri.
Cystoscopy. Cystoscope (igikoresho cyoroshye, kimeze nk'igikoresho gifite urumuri na lens yo kureba) byinjizwa muri urethra mu ruhago. Amazi akoreshwa mukuzuza uruhago. Muganga areba ishusho yurukuta rwimbere rwuruhago kuri monitor ya mudasobwa.
  • Proctoscopy: Uburyo bwo kureba imbere muri rectum na anus kugirango ugenzure ahantu hadasanzwe, ukoresheje proctoscope. Proctoscope nigikoresho cyoroshye, kimeze nkigikoresho gifite urumuri na lens yo kureba imbere yurukiramende na anus. Irashobora kandi kugira igikoresho cyo gukuraho ingero za tissue, zisuzumwa munsi ya microscope kugirango ibimenyetso bya kanseri.
  • Biopsy: Hashobora gukorwa biopsy kugirango hamenyekane niba kanseri yarakwirakwiriye muri nyababyeyi. Icyitegererezo cya tissue kivanwa muri nyababyeyi ikareba munsi ya microscope. Biopsy ikuraho uduce duke gusa mubusanzwe ikorerwa kwa muganga. Ubusanzwe biopsy ya cone (kuvanaho igice kinini, kimeze nkigice cya tissue kiva muri nyababyeyi na nyababyeyi) gikorerwa mubitaro. Biopsy yigituba irashobora kandi gukorwa kugirango harebwe niba kanseri yarakwirakwiriye.

Hariho uburyo butatu kanseri ikwirakwira mu mubiri.

Kanseri irashobora gukwirakwira binyuze mu ngingo, sisitemu ya lymph, n'amaraso:

  • Tissue. Kanseri ikwirakwira aho yatangiriye ikurira mu turere twegereye.
  • Sisitemu ya Lymph. Kanseri ikwirakwira aho yatangiriye yinjira muri sisitemu ya lymph. Kanseri inyura mu mitsi ya lymph igana mu bindi bice by'umubiri.

Amaraso. Kanseri ikwirakwira aho yatangiriye yinjira mu maraso. Kanseri inyura mu mitsi y'amaraso igana mu bindi bice by'umubiri.

Kanseri irashobora gukwirakwira aho yatangiriye no mu bindi bice byumubiri.

Iyo kanseri ikwirakwira mu kindi gice cy'umubiri, yitwa metastasis. Ingirabuzimafatizo za kanseri zitandukana aho zatangiriye (ikibyimba kibanza) zikanyura muri sisitemu ya lymph cyangwa maraso.

  • Sisitemu ya Lymph. Kanseri yinjira muri sisitemu ya lymph, ikanyura mu mitsi ya lymph, igakora ikibyimba (ikibyimba metastatike) mu kindi gice cy'umubiri.
  • Amaraso. Kanseri yinjira mu maraso, ikanyura mu mitsi y'amaraso, igakora ikibyimba (ikibyimba metastatike) mu kindi gice cy'umubiri.

Ikibyimba metastatike nubwoko bumwe bwa kanseri nkibibyimba byibanze. Kurugero, niba kanseri yibyara ikwirakwira mu bihaha, kanseri ya kanseri mu bihaha ni kanseri ya kanseri ibyara. Indwara ni kanseri yo mu nda ibyara, ntabwo ari kanseri y'ibihaha.

Mu nda ibyara intraopithelial neoplasia (VaIN), ingirabuzimafatizo zidasanzwe ziboneka mu ngingo zifata imbere mu nda ibyara.

Utugingo ngengabuzima tudasanzwe ntabwo ari kanseri. Vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VaIN) yashyizwe hamwe hashingiwe ku kuntu ubujyakuzimu budasanzwe buri mu nyama ziri mu gitsina:

  • INGINGO 1: Utugingo ngengabuzima tudasanzwe tuboneka inyuma ya kimwe cya gatatu cyumubiri uri mu gitsina.
  • INGINGO 2: Ingirabuzimafatizo zidasanzwe ziboneka hanze ya bibiri bya gatatu by'inyama ziri mu gitsina.
  • INGINGO 3: Ingirabuzimafatizo zidasanzwe ziboneka muri bibiri bya gatatu bya tissue biri mu gitsina. Iyo ibisebe bya VaIN 3 bibonetse mubyimbye byuzuye bya tissue biri mu gitsina, byitwa kanseri mu mwanya.

VaIN irashobora guhinduka kanseri ikwirakwira murukuta rwigituba.

Ibyiciro bikurikira bikoreshwa kuri kanseri yibyara:

Icyiciro I.

Mu cyiciro cya I, kanseri iboneka gusa kurukuta rwigituba.

Icyiciro cya II

Mu cyiciro cya II, kanseri yakwirakwiriye mu rukuta rw'igitereko kugeza ku nyama zikikije igituba. Kanseri ntiyakwirakwiriye ku rukuta rw'igitereko.

Icyiciro cya III

Mu cyiciro cya III, kanseri yakwirakwiriye ku rukuta rw'igitereko.

Icyiciro cya IV

Icyiciro cya IV kigabanijwe mu cyiciro cya IVA n'icyiciro cya IVB:

  • Icyiciro cya IVA: Kanseri ishobora kuba yarakwirakwiriye muri kimwe cyangwa byinshi mu bice bikurikira:
  • Umurongo w'uruhago.
  • Imirongo y'urukiramende.
  • Kurenga agace k'igitereko gifite uruhago, nyababyeyi, intanga ngore, na nyababyeyi.
  • Icyiciro cya IVB: Kanseri yakwirakwiriye mu bice by'umubiri bitari hafi y'inda ibyara, nk'ibihaha cyangwa amagufwa.

Kanseri yo mu nda ibyara irashobora kugaruka (kugaruka) imaze kuvurwa.

Kanseri irashobora kugaruka mu gitsina cyangwa mu bindi bice by'umubiri.

Incamake yo kuvura

INGINGO Z'INGENZI

  • Hariho uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura abarwayi ba kanseri ibyara.
  • Ubwoko butatu bwo kuvura busanzwe bukoreshwa:
  • Kubaga
  • Imiti ivura imirasire
  • Chimoterapi
  • Ubwoko bushya bwo kuvura burimo kugeragezwa mubigeragezo byamavuriro.
  • Immunotherapy
  • Imirasire
  • Umuti wa kanseri ibyara urashobora gutera ingaruka.
  • Abarwayi barashobora kwifuza gutekereza kubijyanye no kwipimisha kwa muganga.
  • Abarwayi barashobora kwipimisha kwa muganga mbere, mugihe, cyangwa nyuma yo gutangira kuvura kanseri.
  • Ibizamini byo gukurikirana birashobora gukenerwa.

Hariho uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura abarwayi ba kanseri ibyara.

Ubwoko butandukanye bwo kuvura burahari kubarwayi barwaye kanseri yibyara. Bumwe mu buryo busanzwe (ubuvuzi bukoreshwa ubu), kandi bumwe burimo kugeragezwa mubigeragezo byamavuriro. Ikigeragezo kivura ni ubushakashatsi bwakozwe bugamije gufasha kunoza imiti igezweho cyangwa kubona amakuru ku buvuzi bushya ku barwayi ba kanseri. Iyo ibizamini byo kwa muganga byerekana ko ubuvuzi bushya buruta ubuvuzi busanzwe, ubuvuzi bushya bushobora kuba ubuvuzi busanzwe. Abarwayi barashobora kwifuza gutekereza kubijyanye no kwipimisha kwa muganga. Ibigeragezo bimwe na bimwe bivura abarwayi batatangiye kwivuza.

Ubwoko butatu bwo kuvura busanzwe bukoreshwa:

Kubaga

Kubaga nuburyo busanzwe bwo kuvura kuri neoplasia yo mu nda ibyara (VaIN) na kanseri yo mu nda.

Ubwoko bukurikira bwo kubaga bushobora gukoreshwa mu kuvura VaIN:

  • Kubaga Laser: Uburyo bwo kubaga bukoresha urumuri rwa lazeri (urumuri ruto rw'urumuri rwinshi) nk'icyuma kugirango ugabanye amaraso mu mitsi cyangwa ukureho igikomere cyo hejuru nk'ikibyimba.
  • Kwiyegereza kwinshi: Uburyo bwo kubaga bukuramo kanseri hamwe na tissue zimwe na zimwe zifite ubuzima bwiza.
  • Vaginectomy: Kubaga kugirango ukureho byose cyangwa igice cyigituba. Uruhu ruvuye mu bindi bice byumubiri rushobora gukenerwa kugirango twongere kubaka igitsina.

Ubwoko bukurikira bwo kubaga bushobora gukoreshwa mu kuvura kanseri ibyara:

  • Kwiyegereza kwinshi: Uburyo bwo kubaga bukuramo kanseri hamwe na tissue zimwe na zimwe zifite ubuzima bwiza.
  • Vaginectomy: Kubaga kugirango ukureho byose cyangwa igice cyigituba. Uruhu ruvuye mu bindi bice byumubiri rushobora gukenerwa kugirango twongere kubaka igitsina.
  • Indwara ya hysterectomie yose: Kubaga gukuramo nyababyeyi, harimo na nyababyeyi. Niba nyababyeyi na nyababyeyi bikuwe mu gitsina, kubaga byitwa hysterectomy. Niba nyababyeyi na nyababyeyi bisohotse binyuze mu nda nini (gukata) mu nda, kubaga byitwa hysterectomy yo munda yuzuye. Niba nyababyeyi na nyababyeyi bisohotse hifashishijwe agace gato mu nda ukoresheje laparoskopi, kubaga bita laparoscopic hysterectomy.
Hysterectomy. Inda ikurwaho kubagwa cyangwa idafite izindi ngingo cyangwa ingirangingo. Muri hysterectomy yuzuye, nyababyeyi na nyababyeyi. Muri hysterectomy yuzuye hamwe na salpingo-oophorectomy, (a) nyababyeyi hiyongereyeho intanga ngore imwe (unilateral) ovary na fallopian; cyangwa (b) nyababyeyi hiyongereyeho intanga ngore zombi (zombi) hamwe nigituba cya fallopian. Muri hysterectomy ikabije, nyababyeyi, inkondo y'umura, intanga zombi, imiyoboro yombi, hamwe na tissue hafi. Ubu buryo bukorwa hifashishijwe uburyo buke bwo guhinduranya cyangwa guhagarikwa.
  • Gutandukanya Lymph node: Uburyo bwo kubaga aho lymph node ikurwaho hanyuma hagasuzumwa icyitegererezo cya tissue munsi ya microscope kugirango ibimenyetso bya kanseri. Ubu buryo bwitwa lymphadenectomy. Niba kanseri iri mu gitsina cyo hejuru, imitsi ya lymph node irashobora gukurwaho. Niba kanseri iri mu gitsina cyo hepfo, lymph node mu kibero irashobora gukurwaho.
  • Kwiyongera kwa pelvic: Kubagwa kugirango ukure umura wo hepfo, urukiramende, uruhago, inkondo y'umura, ibyara, na ovaries. Hafi ya lymph node nayo ikurwaho. Gufungura ibihimbano (stoma) bikozwe kugirango inkari nintebe bitemba biva mumubiri mu gikapu cyo gukusanya.

Muganga amaze gukuraho kanseri zose zishobora kugaragara mugihe cyo kubagwa, abarwayi bamwe bashobora guhabwa imiti ivura imirasire nyuma yo kubagwa kugirango bice selile zose zisigaye. Umuti watanzwe nyuma yo kubagwa, kugirango ugabanye ibyago ko kanseri izagaruka, byitwa kuvura indwara.

Imiti ivura imirasire

Imishwarara ivura ni imiti ikoresha kanseri ikoresha ingufu nyinshi za x-imirasire cyangwa ubundi bwoko bwimirasire yica kanseri cyangwa ikabuza gukura. Hariho ubwoko bubiri bwo kuvura imirasire:

  • Imiti ivura hanze ikoresha imashini hanze yumubiri kugirango yohereze imirasire yerekeza kumubiri hamwe na kanseri.
  • Imiti ivura imbere ikoresha ibintu bifata radiyo bifunze inshinge, imbuto, insinga, cyangwa catheteri bishyirwa muri kanseri cyangwa hafi yayo.

Uburyo imiti ivura imirasire itangwa biterwa n'ubwoko bwa kanseri ivurwa. Imiti ivura hanze n’imbere ikoreshwa mu kuvura kanseri y’inda ibyara, kandi irashobora no gukoreshwa nkubuvuzi bwa palliative kugirango igabanye ibimenyetso kandi izamure ubuzima.

Chimoterapi

Chimoterapi ni umuti wa kanseri ukoresha ibiyobyabwenge kugirango uhagarike imikurire ya kanseri, haba mu kwica selile cyangwa kubabuza gutandukana. Iyo chimiotherapie ifashwe numunwa cyangwa igaterwa mumitsi cyangwa imitsi, imiti yinjira mumaraso kandi irashobora kwanduza kanseri mumubiri (chimiotherapie sisitemu). Iyo chimiotherapie ishyizwe mumazi yubwonko, urugingo, cyangwa umwobo wumubiri nkinda, imiti yibasira kanseri ya kanseri muri utwo turere (chimiotherapie yo mukarere). Uburyo chimiotherapie itangwa biterwa nubwoko nicyiciro cya kanseri ivurwa.

Indwara ya chimiotherapie yibanze ya kanseri yo mu nda ibyara irashobora gukoreshwa mu gitsina muri cream cyangwa amavuta yo kwisiga.

Ubwoko bushya bwo kuvura burimo kugeragezwa mubigeragezo byamavuriro.

Iki gice cyincamake gisobanura imiti irimo kwigwa mubigeragezo byamavuriro. Ntishobora kuvuga ubuvuzi bushya burimo kwigwa. Amakuru yerekeye ibizamini byamavuriro araboneka kurubuga rwa NCI.

Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy nubuvuzi bukoresha sisitemu yumubiri yumurwayi kurwanya kanseri. Ibintu bikozwe numubiri cyangwa bikozwe muri laboratoire bikoreshwa mukuzamura, kuyobora, cyangwa kugarura umubiri kamere irinda kanseri. Ubu bwoko bwo kuvura kanseri nabwo bwitwa biotherapy cyangwa biologique therapy.

Imiquimod ni modifike yo guhindura ubudahangarwa irimo kwigwa kuvura ibikomere byo mu gitsina kandi bigashyirwa ku ruhu muri cream.

Imirasire

Imirasire ni imiti ituma uturemangingo twibibyimba twumva imiti ivura imirasire. Gukomatanya imiti ivura imirasire hamwe na radiosensitiseri irashobora kwica selile nyinshi.

Umuti wa kanseri ibyara urashobora gutera ingaruka.

Kumakuru yingaruka ziterwa no kuvura kanseri, reba urupapuro rwuruhande rwacu.

Abarwayi barashobora kwifuza gutekereza kubijyanye no kwipimisha kwa muganga.

Ku barwayi bamwe, kwitabira ikizamini cyamavuriro birashobora kuba uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura. Ibigeragezo bivura biri mubikorwa byubushakashatsi bwa kanseri. Igeragezwa rya Clinical rikorwa kugirango hamenyekane niba imiti mishya ya kanseri itekanye kandi ifite akamaro cyangwa nziza kuruta ubuvuzi busanzwe.

Benshi mubuvuzi busanzwe bwa kanseri bushingiye kubigeragezo byambere byubuvuzi. Abarwayi bitabiriye kwipimisha barashobora kuvurwa bisanzwe cyangwa kuba mubambere bahawe imiti mishya.

Abarwayi bitabira ibizamini byo kwa muganga nabo bafasha kunoza uburyo kanseri izavurwa mugihe kizaza. Nubwo ibigeragezo bivura bitaganisha ku buvuzi bushya, akenshi basubiza ibibazo byingenzi kandi bigafasha gutera imbere ubushakashatsi.

Abarwayi barashobora kwipimisha kwa muganga mbere, mugihe, cyangwa nyuma yo gutangira kuvura kanseri.

Igeragezwa rimwe na rimwe ririmo abarwayi bataravurwa. Ibindi bigeragezo bipima abarwayi bafite kanseri itameze neza. Hariho kandi ibizamini byo kwa muganga bipima uburyo bushya bwo guhagarika kanseri kongera kugaruka (kugaruka) cyangwa kugabanya ingaruka zo kuvura kanseri.

Igeragezwa rya Clinical ririmo kubera mu bice byinshi by'igihugu. Amakuru yerekeye ibizamini byamavuriro ashyigikiwe na NCI urashobora kubisanga kurubuga rwa NCI. Ibizamini bya Clinical bishyigikiwe nandi mashyirahamwe murashobora kubisanga kurubuga rwa ClinicalTrials.gov.

Ibizamini byo gukurikirana birashobora gukenerwa.

Bimwe mubizamini byakozwe mugupima kanseri cyangwa kumenya icyiciro cya kanseri birashobora gusubirwamo. Ibizamini bimwe bizasubirwamo kugirango harebwe uburyo ubuvuzi bukora neza. Ibyemezo bijyanye no gukomeza, guhindura, cyangwa guhagarika ubuvuzi birashobora gushingira kubisubizo byibi bizamini.

Umuti wa Vaginal Intraepithelial Neoplasia (VaIN)

Kumakuru yerekeye imiti yavuzwe hepfo, reba igice cyo kuvura.

Ubuvuzi bwa neoplasia yo mu nda ibyara (VaIN) bushobora kubamo ibi bikurikira:

  • Kubaga (kubaga laser nyuma ya biopsy).
  • Kubaga (kwaguka kwagutse) hamwe nuruhu.
  • Kubaga (vaginectomy igice cyangwa cyuzuye) hamwe cyangwa udafite uruhu.
  • Ubuvuzi bwa chimiotherapie.
  • Imiti ivura imbere.
  • Igeragezwa rya kliniki ya immunotherapy (imiquimod) ikoreshwa kuruhu.

Kuvura Icyiciro cya I Kanseri Yigituba

Kumakuru yerekeye imiti yavuzwe hepfo, reba igice cyo kuvura.

Kuvura icyiciro cya I squamous selile selile vaginal lesion les les santimetero 0.5 z'ubugari zishobora kubamo ibi bikurikira:

  • Imiti ivura hanze, cyane cyane kubyimba binini cyangwa lymph node hafi yibibyimba mugice cyo hepfo yigituba.
  • Imiti ivura imbere.
  • Kubaga (kwaguka kwagutse cyangwa vaginectomy hamwe no kwiyubaka mu gitsina). Imiti ivura imirasire irashobora gutangwa nyuma yo kubagwa.

Kuvura icyiciro cya I squamous selile selile vaginal lesions zirenze santimetero 0,5 z'uburebure zishobora kubamo ibi bikurikira:

  • Kubaga:
  • Kubikomere mugice cya gatatu cyo hejuru yigituba, vaginectomy na lymph node gutandukana, hamwe cyangwa kutubaka ibyara.
  • Kubikomere mugice cya gatatu cyo hepfo yigituba, lymph node gutandukana.
  • Imiti ivura imirasire irashobora gutangwa nyuma yo kubagwa, ishobora kuba ikubiyemo:
  • Imishwarara yo hanze ivura cyangwa idafite imiti ivura imbere.
  • Imiti ivura imbere.
  • Ku bisebe biri mu gice cya gatatu cyo hepfo yigituba, imiti ivura imirasire irashobora guhabwa lymph node hafi yibibyimba.

Kuvura icyiciro cya I vaginal adenocarcinoma irashobora kubamo ibi bikurikira:

  • Kubaga (vaginectomy na hysterectomy hamwe na lymph node gutandukana). Ibi birashobora gukurikirwa no kwiyubaka mu gitsina no / cyangwa kuvura imirasire.
  • Imiti ivura imbere. Ubuvuzi bwo hanze bushobora kandi guhabwa lymph node hafi yibibyimba mubice byo hepfo yigituba.
  • Ihuriro ryubuvuzi bushobora kuba bukubiyemo kwaguka kwinshi hamwe no gutandukanya lymph node no kuvura imirasire yimbere.

Kuvura Icyiciro cya II, Icyiciro cya III, na Icyiciro cya IVa Kanseri y'inda ibyara

Kumakuru yerekeye imiti yavuzwe hepfo, reba igice cyo kuvura.

Kuvura icyiciro cya II, icyiciro cya III, nicyiciro cya IVa kanseri yibyara ni kimwe na kanseri y'uturemangingo na adenocarcinoma. Ubuvuzi bushobora kubamo ibi bikurikira:

  • Imbere na / cyangwa ivura imishwarara yo hanze ibyara. Imiti ivura imirasire irashobora kandi guhabwa lymph node hafi yibibyimba mugice cyo hepfo yigituba.
  • Kubaga (vaginectomy cyangwa pelvic exenteration) hamwe no kuvura imirasire cyangwa idafite.
  • Chimoterapi yatanzwe hamwe no kuvura imirasire.

Kuvura Icyiciro cya IVb Kanseri yo mu nda ibyara

Kumakuru yerekeye imiti yavuzwe hepfo, reba igice cyo kuvura.

Kuvura kanseri yo mu cyiciro cya IVb ni kimwe na kanseri y'uturemangingo na adenocarcinoma. Ubuvuzi bushobora kubamo ibi bikurikira:

Ubuvuzi bwimirasire nkubuvuzi bwa palliative, kugirango ugabanye ibimenyetso kandi uzamure ubuzima. Chimiotherapie irashobora kandi gutangwa. Nubwo nta miti igabanya ubukana yagaragaye ifasha abarwayi bafite kanseri yo mu cyiciro cya IVB kubaho igihe kirekire, bakunze kuvurwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa kanseri y'inkondo y'umura. (Reba incamake ya ku kuvura kanseri y'inkondo y'umura.)

Umuti wa Kanseri Yimyanya Yagarutse

Kumakuru yerekeye imiti yavuzwe hepfo, reba igice cyo kuvura.

Kuvura kanseri yigituba isubirwamo bishobora kuba bikubiyemo ibi bikurikira:

  • Kubaga (pelvic exenteration).
  • Imiti ivura imirasire.

Nubwo nta miti igabanya ubukana yagaragaye ifasha abarwayi ba kanseri yo mu nda ibyara kubaho igihe kirekire, bakunze kuvurwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa kanseri y'inkondo y'umura. (Reba incamake ya ku kuvura Kanseri y'inkondo y'umura.)

Koresha ubushakashatsi bwamavuriro kugirango ushakishe NCI ifashwa na kanseri ivura abarwayi. Urashobora gushakisha ibigeragezo ukurikije ubwoko bwa kanseri, imyaka yumurwayi, n’aho ibizamini bikorerwa. Amakuru rusange yerekeye ibizamini byamavuriro nayo arahari.

Kugira ngo umenye byinshi kuri Kanseri yo mu nda ibyara

Ushaka amakuru menshi yikigo cyigihugu gishinzwe kanseri kubyerekeye kanseri ibyara, reba ibi bikurikira:

  • Kanseri yo mu nda ibyara Urupapuro
  • Kanseri y'inkondo y'umura Urupapuro
  • Lazeri mu kuvura Kanseri
  • Kubara Tomografiya (CT) Gusikana na Kanseri
  • Intego zo kuvura Kanseri
  • Abayobora Immune
  • HPV na Kanseri

Kumakuru rusange ya kanseri nibindi bikoresho biva mu kigo cyigihugu cya kanseri, reba ibi bikurikira:

  • Ibyerekeye Kanseri
  • Gutegura
  • Chimiotherapie nawe: Inkunga kubantu barwaye Kanseri
  • Ubuvuzi bwimirasire nawe: Inkunga kubantu barwaye Kanseri
  • Guhangana na Kanseri
  • Ibibazo byo Kubaza Muganga wawe kuri Kanseri
  • Abacitse ku icumu n'abarezi


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