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Wilms Tumor hamwe nubundi buvuzi bwimpyiko zo mu bwana (®) –Abarwayi

Amakuru Rusange Yerekeye Ibibyimba bya Wilms nibindi Byana Byimpyiko

INGINGO Z'INGENZI

  • Ibibyimba by'impyiko mu bwana ni indwara zifata ingirabuzimafatizo (kanseri) mu ngingo z'impyiko.
  • Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwibibyimba byimpyiko.
  • Wilms Tumor
  • Kanseri y'impyiko (RCC)
  • Rhabdoid Tumor yimpyiko
  • Sukura Sarcoma Yimpyiko
  • Ivuka rya Mesoblastique Nephroma
  • Ewing Sarcoma yimpyiko
  • Impyiko Yibanze Myoepithelial Carcinoma
  • Cystic Igice Bitandukanye Nephroblastoma
  • Indwara ya Cystic Nephroma
  • Sarcoma Yibanze Yimpyiko
  • Anaplastique Sarcoma yimpyiko
  • Nephroblastomatose ntabwo ari kanseri ariko irashobora guhinduka ikibyimba cya Wilms.
  • Kugira syndromes zimwe na zimwe cyangwa izindi miterere birashobora kongera ibyago byo kubyimba Wilms.
  • Ibizamini bikoreshwa mugupima ikibyimba cya Wilms.
  • Kugira ibihe bimwe bishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara kanseri yimpyiko.
  • Kuvura ikibyimba cya Wilms nibindi bibyimba byo mu bwana bishobora kuba birimo ubujyanama.
  • Ibimenyetso by'ikibyimba cya Wilms hamwe n'ibindi bibyimba byo mu bwana birimo ibibyimba mu nda n'amaraso mu nkari.
  • Ibizamini bisuzuma impyiko n'amaraso bikoreshwa mugupima ikibyimba cya Wilms nibindi bibyimba byo mu bwana.
  • Ibintu bimwe bigira ingaruka kubitekerezo (amahirwe yo gukira) hamwe nuburyo bwo kuvura.

Ibibyimba by'impyiko mu bwana ni indwara zifata ingirabuzimafatizo (kanseri) mu ngingo z'impyiko.

Hariho impyiko ebyiri, imwe kuruhande rwumugongo, hejuru yumukondo. Utubuto duto mu mpyiko zungurura kandi usukure amaraso. Bakuramo imyanda bakora inkari. Inkari zinyura muri buri mpyiko zinyuze mu muyoboro muremure witwa ureter mu ruhago. Uruhago rufata inkari kugeza zinyuze muri urethra zikava mu mubiri.

Anatomy ya sisitemu yinkari zumugore zerekana impyiko, glande ya adrenal, ureter, uruhago, na urethra. Inkari zakozwe mu tubari twimpyiko kandi zegeranya mu mpyiko za buri mpyiko. Inkari zitemba ziva mu mpyiko zinyuze mu nkari zigana mu ruhago. Inkari zibikwa mu ruhago kugeza ziva mu mubiri zinyuze muri urethra.

Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwibibyimba byimpyiko.

Wilms Tumor

Mu kibyimba cya Wilms, ikibyimba kimwe cyangwa byinshi bishobora kuboneka mu mpyiko imwe cyangwa zombi. Ikibyimba cya Wilms gishobora gukwira mu bihaha, umwijima, amagufwa, ubwonko, cyangwa hafi ya lymph node. Mu bana n'ingimbi barengeje imyaka 15, kanseri y'impyiko ni ibibyimba bya Wilms.

Kanseri y'impyiko (RCC)

Kanseri y'impyiko ni gake mu bana n'ingimbi barengeje imyaka 15. Bikunze kugaragara cyane mubyangavu hagati yimyaka 15 na 19. Abana ningimbi birashoboka cyane ko basuzumwa ikibyimba kinini cyimpyiko cyangwa kanseri yakwirakwiriye. Kanseri y'impyiko irashobora gukwirakwira mu bihaha, umwijima, cyangwa lymph node. Kanseri y'impyiko ishobora nanone kwitwa kanseri y'impyiko.

Rhabdoid Tumor yimpyiko

Ikibyimba cya Rhabdoid cy'impyiko ni ubwoko bwa kanseri y'impyiko igaragara cyane cyane ku bana bato. Bikunze gutera imbere mugihe cyo gusuzuma. Ikibyimba cya Rhabdoid cy'impyiko gikura kandi kigakwirakwira vuba, akenshi mu bihaha cyangwa mu bwonko.

Abana bafite impinduka runaka muri gene ya SMARCB1 basuzumwa buri gihe kugirango barebe niba ikibyimba cya rhabdoide cyarabaye mu mpyiko cyangwa cyakwirakwiriye mu bwonko:

  • Abana barengeje umwaka umwe bafite ultrasound yo munda buri mezi abiri cyangwa atatu na ultrasound yumutwe buri kwezi.
  • Abana bafite kuva kumyaka imwe kugeza kuri ine bafite ultrasound yinda na MRI yubwonko numugongo buri mezi atatu.

Sukura Sarcoma Yimpyiko

Sarcoma isukuye yimpyiko ni ubwoko bwikibyimba cyimpyiko gishobora gukwirakwira mubihaha, amagufwa, ubwonko, cyangwa inyama zoroshye. Irashobora kwisubiramo (kugaruka) nyuma yimyaka 14 nyuma yo kuvurwa, kandi akenshi igaruka mubwonko cyangwa ibihaha.

Ivuka rya Mesoblastique Nephroma

Indwara ya mesoblastique nephroma ni ikibyimba cyimpyiko gikunze gupimwa mugihe cyambere cyubuzima. Irashobora gukira.

Ewing Sarcoma yimpyiko

Ewing sarcoma (mbere yitwa neuroepithelial tumor) yimpyiko ni gake kandi mubisanzwe iboneka mubakuze. Ibyo bibyimba birakura bikwirakwira mu bindi bice byumubiri vuba.

Impyiko Yibanze Myoepithelial Carcinoma

Kanseri y'ibanze ya myoepithelial kanseri ni ubwoko bwa kanseri budasanzwe bukunze kwibasira ingirangingo zoroshye, ariko rimwe na rimwe zikaba mu ngingo z'imbere (nk'impyiko). Ubu bwoko bwa kanseri burakura kandi bukwirakwira vuba.

Cystic Igice Bitandukanye Nephroblastoma

Cystic itandukanijwe igice cya nephroblastoma ni ubwoko budasanzwe bwikibyimba cya Wilms kigizwe na cysts.

Indwara ya Cystic Nephroma

Indwara ya cystic nephroma ni ibibyimba byiza bigizwe na cysts kandi bikunze kugaragara cyane ku mpinja, abana bato, ndetse n'abagore bakuze. Ibi bibyimba birashobora kugaragara mumpyiko imwe cyangwa yombi.

Abana bafite ubu bwoko bwikibyimba nabo barashobora kugira pleuropulmonary blastoma, bityo ibizamini byo gufata amashusho bigenzura ibihaha bya cysts cyangwa ibibyimba bikomeye birakorwa. Kubera ko nephroma yindimi nyinshi ishobora kuba imiterere yarazwe, hashobora gutekerezwa kubujyanama bwa geneti no gupima geneti. Reba incamake ya kubyerekeranye no kuvura indwara ya Pleuropulmonary Blastoma.

Sarcoma Yibanze Yimpyiko

Sarcoma yibanze yimpyiko ni ikibyimba kimeze nkikibyimba cyimpyiko kandi gikunze kugaragara mubakuze bato. Ibyo bibyimba birakura kandi bigakwirakwira vuba.

Anaplastique Sarcoma yimpyiko

Anaplastique sarcoma yimpyiko ni ikibyimba kidasanzwe gikunze kugaragara cyane mubana cyangwa ingimbi zitarengeje imyaka 15. Anaplastique sarcoma yimpyiko ikwirakwira mubihaha, umwijima, cyangwa amagufwa. Kwipimisha amashusho agenzura ibihaha kuri cysts cyangwa ibibyimba bikomeye birashobora gukorwa. Kubera ko sarcoma ya anaplastique ishobora kuba yarazwe, ubujyanama bwerekanwe hamwe nogupima geneti.

Nephroblastomatose ntabwo ari kanseri ariko irashobora guhinduka ikibyimba cya Wilms.

Rimwe na rimwe, nyuma yuko impyiko zimaze kubyara, amatsinda adasanzwe yingirangingo zimpyiko ziguma mumpyiko imwe cyangwa zombi. Muri nephroblastomatose (diffuse hyperplastic perilobar nephroblastomatose), ayo matsinda adasanzwe ya selile arashobora gukura ahantu henshi imbere yimpyiko cyangwa agakora igicucu cyinshi kizengurutse impyiko. Iyo ayo matsinda ya selile adasanzwe abonetse mu mpyiko nyuma yo gukurwaho ikibyimba cya Wilms, umwana aba afite ibyago byinshi byo kubyimba ikibyimba cya Wilms mu zindi mpyiko. Kwipimisha kenshi ni ngombwa byibura buri mezi 3, byibuze imyaka 7 umwana amaze kuvurwa.

Kugira syndromes zimwe na zimwe cyangwa izindi miterere birashobora kongera ibyago byo kubyimba Wilms.

Ikintu cyose cyongera ibyago byo kwandura indwara cyitwa impanuka. Kugira ibintu bishobora guteza ibyago ntibisobanura ko uzarwara kanseri; kutagira ibyago bishobora gusobanura ko utazarwara kanseri. Vugana na muganga wumwana wawe niba utekereza ko umwana wawe ashobora guhura nibibazo.

Ikibyimba cya Wilms gishobora kuba igice cya syndrome de genetique igira ingaruka kumikurire cyangwa iterambere. Indwara ya genetike ni ibimenyetso byerekana ibimenyetso cyangwa ibimenyetso bibaho hamwe kandi biterwa nimpinduka zimwe na zimwe. Ibintu bimwe na bimwe birashobora kandi kongera ibyago byumwana byo kurwara ikibyimba cya Wilms. Indwara ya syndromes hamwe nibindi bintu bifitanye isano n'ikibyimba cya Wilms:

  • Indwara ya WAGR (Ikibyimba cya Wilms, aniridia, sisitemu ya genitourinary idasanzwe, no kudindira mu mutwe).
  • Indwara ya Denys-Drash (sisitemu ya genitourinary idasanzwe).
  • Indwara ya Frasier (sisitemu ya genitourinary idasanzwe).
  • Indwara ya Beckwith-Wiedemann (gukura gukabije bidasanzwe kuruhande rumwe rwumubiri cyangwa igice cyumubiri, ururimi runini, hernia hernia akivuka, hamwe na sisitemu ya genituriire idasanzwe).
  • Amateka yumuryango yibibyimba bya Wilms.
  • Aniridia (iris, igice cyamabara yijisho, irabuze).
  • Hemihyperplasia yitaruye (gukura kwinshi bidasanzwe kuruhande rumwe rwumubiri cyangwa igice cyumubiri).
  • Ibibazo by'inzira z'inkari nka cryptorchidism cyangwa hypospadias.

Ibizamini bikoreshwa mugupima ikibyimba cya Wilms.

Kwipimisha bikozwe mubana bafite ibyago byinshi byo kubyimba Wilms. Ibi bizamini birashobora gufasha kubona kanseri hakiri kare no kugabanya amahirwe yo gupfa azize kanseri.

Muri rusange, abana bafite ibyago byinshi byo kubyimba Wilms bagomba kwipimisha ikibyimba cya Wilms buri mezi atatu kugeza nibura bafite imyaka 8. Ikizamini cya ultrasound yo munda gikunze gukoreshwa mugupima. Ibibyimba bito bya Wilms birashobora kuboneka no gukurwaho mbere yuko ibimenyetso bibaho.

Abana barwaye syndrome ya Beckwith-Wiedemann cyangwa hemihyperplasia nabo basuzumwa umwijima nibibyimba bya adrenal bifitanye isano na syndromes. Ikizamini cyo gusuzuma urwego rwa alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) mu maraso na ultrasound yo munda bikorwa kugeza umwana afite imyaka 4. Ultrasound yimpyiko ikorwa hagati yimyaka 4 na 7. Ikizamini cyumubiri ninzobere (genetiste cyangwa pediatric oncologue) ikorwa kabiri mumwaka. Mu bana bafite gene zimwe na zimwe, gahunda itandukanye ya ultrasound yo munda irashobora gukoreshwa.

Abana barwaye aniridia hamwe nihinduka rya gene basuzumwa ikibyimba cya Wilms buri mezi atatu kugeza bafite imyaka 8. Ikizamini cya ultrasound yo munda gikoreshwa mugupima.

Abana bamwe barwara ikibyimba cya Wilms mumpyiko zombi. Ibi bikunze kugaragara mugihe ikibyimba cya Wilms cyamenyekanye bwa mbere, ariko ikibyimba cya Wilms gishobora no kugaragara mu mpyiko ya kabiri nyuma yuko umwana amaze kuvurwa neza ikibyimba cya Wilms mu mpyiko imwe. Abana bafite ibyago byinshi byo kubyimba ikibyimba cya kabiri cya Wilms mu zindi mpyiko bagomba kwipimisha ikibyimba cya Wilms buri mezi atatu mugihe cyimyaka umunani. Ikizamini cya ultrasound yo munda gishobora gukoreshwa mugupima.

Kugira ibihe bimwe bishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara kanseri yimpyiko.

Kanseri y'impyiko ishobora kuba ifitanye isano n'ibi bikurikira:

  • Indwara ya Von Hippel-Lindau (imiterere yarazwe itera gukura kudasanzwe kw'imiyoboro y'amaraso). Abana barwaye Von Hippel-Lindau bagomba kwisuzumisha buri mwaka kanseri y'impyiko hamwe na ultrasound yo munda cyangwa MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) guhera kumyaka 8 kugeza 11.
  • Tuberous sclerose (indwara yarazwe irangwa na cysts idafite ibinure byimpyiko).
  • Kanseri yimpyiko yumuryango (imiterere yarazwe ibaho mugihe impinduka zimwe na zimwe zitera kanseri yimpyiko zanduzwa kuva kubabyeyi kugeza kumwana).
  • Kanseri y'impyiko (kanseri y'impyiko idasanzwe ikura kandi ikwirakwira vuba).
  • Indwara ya leiomyomatose (indwara yarazwe yongera ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'impyiko, uruhu, na nyababyeyi).

Mbere ya chimiotherapie cyangwa imishwarara ya kanseri yo mu bwana, nka neuroblastoma, tissue tissue sarcoma, leukemia, cyangwa ikibyimba cya Wilms na byo bishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'impyiko. Reba igice cya kabiri cya Kanseri mu ncamake ya kubyerekeye Ingaruka Zitinze zo Kuvura Kanseri Yumwana Kubindi bisobanuro.

Kuvura ikibyimba cya Wilms nibindi bibyimba byo mu bwana bishobora kuba birimo ubujyanama.

Ubujyanama bwa genetike (ikiganiro ninzobere yabihuguriwe kubyerekeye indwara zishingiye ku ngirabuzima fatizo no kumenya niba hakenewe kwipimisha geneti) birashobora gukenerwa niba umwana afite imwe muri syndromes cyangwa ibintu bikurikira:

  • Indwara ya syndrome cyangwa imiterere yongera ibyago byo kubyimba Wilms.
  • Indwara yarazwe yongera ibyago byo kurwara kanseri yimpyiko.
  • Ikibyimba cya Rhabdoid y'impyiko.
  • Indwara ya cystic nephroma.

Ibimenyetso by'ikibyimba cya Wilms hamwe n'ibindi bibyimba byo mu bwana birimo ibibyimba mu nda n'amaraso mu nkari.

Rimwe na rimwe, ibibyimba by'impyiko byo mu bwana ntibitera ibimenyetso n'ibimenyetso kandi umubyeyi agasanga misa munda kubwamahirwe cyangwa misa ikaboneka mugihe cyo gusuzuma ubuzima bwiza bwabana. Ibi nibindi bimenyetso nibimenyetso bishobora guterwa nibibyimba byimpyiko cyangwa nibindi bihe. Menyesha umuganga wumwana wawe niba umwana wawe afite kimwe muri ibi bikurikira:

  • Ikibyimba, kubyimba, cyangwa kubabara mu nda.
  • Amaraso mu nkari.
  • Umuvuduko ukabije wamaraso (kubabara umutwe, kumva unaniwe cyane, kubabara mu gatuza, cyangwa ikibazo cyo kubona cyangwa guhumeka).
  • Hypercalcemia (kubura ubushake bwo kurya, isesemi no kuruka, intege nke, cyangwa kumva unaniwe cyane).
  • Umuriro nta mpamvu izwi.
  • Kubura ubushake bwo kurya.
  • Kugabanya ibiro nta mpamvu izwi.

Ikibyimba cya Wilms cyakwirakwiriye mu bihaha cyangwa mu mwijima gishobora gutera ibimenyetso n'ibimenyetso bikurikira:

  • Inkorora.
  • Amaraso mumyanya.
  • Guhumeka.
  • Kubabara mu nda.

Ibizamini bisuzuma impyiko n'amaraso bikoreshwa mugupima ikibyimba cya Wilms nibindi bibyimba byo mu bwana.

Ibizamini hamwe nuburyo bukurikira birashobora gukoreshwa:

  • Ikizamini cyumubiri namateka yubuzima: Ikizamini cyumubiri kugirango ugenzure ibimenyetso rusange byubuzima, harimo no gusuzuma ibimenyetso byindwara, nkibibyimba cyangwa ikindi kintu cyose gisa nkidasanzwe. Hazafatwa kandi amateka yubuzima bwumurwayi nindwara zashize hamwe nubuvuzi.
  • Kubara amaraso yuzuye (CBC): Uburyo bwo gukuramo urugero rwamaraso no gusuzuma ibi bikurikira:
  • Umubare w'uturemangingo tw'amaraso atukura, selile yera, na platine.
  • Ingano ya hemoglobine (proteyine itwara ogisijeni) mu ngirangingo z'amaraso atukura.
  • Igice cyicyitegererezo cyamaraso kigizwe ningirabuzimafatizo zitukura.
  • Ubushakashatsi bwa chimie yamaraso: Uburyo bwo gusuzuma urugero rwamaraso kugirango bapime urugero rwibintu bimwe na bimwe bisohoka mumaraso ningingo nuduce twumubiri. Umubare udasanzwe (uri hejuru cyangwa uri munsi yubusanzwe) ibintu bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cyindwara. Iki kizamini gikozwe kugirango harebwe uburyo umwijima nimpyiko bikora.
  • Kwipimisha imikorere yimpyiko : Uburyo bwo gusuzuma amaraso cyangwa inkari kugirango bapime urugero rwibintu bimwe na bimwe bisohoka mumaraso cyangwa inkari nimpyiko. Umubare munini cyangwa munsi yumubare usanzwe wibintu birashobora kuba ikimenyetso cyuko impyiko zidakora nkuko bikwiye.
  • Urinalysis: Ikizamini cyo gusuzuma ibara ry'inkari n'ibiyirimo, nk'isukari, proteyine, amaraso, na bagiteri.
  • Ikizamini cya Ultrasound: Uburyo bukoreshwa mu majwi menshi y’amajwi (ultrasound) asohoka mu ngingo cyangwa mu ngingo imbere hanyuma agasubiramo. Ijwi ryerekana ishusho yumubiri wumubiri witwa sonogram. Ultrasound yo munda ikorwa kugirango hamenyekane ikibyimba cy'impyiko.
Ultrasound yo munda. Transducer ya ultrasound ihujwe na mudasobwa ikanda ku ruhu rwinda. Transducer isunika amajwi hejuru yingingo zimbere ninyama kugirango ikore echo ikora sonogramu (ishusho ya mudasobwa).
  • CT scan (CAT scan): Uburyo bukora urukurikirane rwamashusho arambuye yibice byimbere mumubiri, nkigituza, inda, nigitereko, cyafashwe muburyo butandukanye. Amashusho yakozwe na mudasobwa ihujwe na mashini ya x-ray. Irangi ryatewe mumitsi cyangwa rimirwa kugirango rifashe ingingo cyangwa ingirangingo kugaragara neza. Ubu buryo nabwo bwitwa computing tomografiya, tomografiya ya mudasobwa, cyangwa mudasobwa ya axial tomografiya.
Kubara tomografiya (CT) scan yinda. Umwana aryamye kumeza anyerera muri CT scaneri, ifata amashusho ya x-ray imbere yinda.
  • MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) hamwe na gadolinium: Uburyo bukoresha magneti, imiraba ya radio, na mudasobwa kugirango ukore urukurikirane rwamashusho arambuye yibice biri mumubiri, nkinda. Ikintu cyitwa gadolinium cyatewe mumitsi. Gadolinium ikusanyiriza hafi ya kanseri ya kanseri kugirango igaragare neza ku ishusho. Ubu buryo bwitwa kandi magnetic magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI).
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) yinda. Umwana aryamye kumeza anyerera muri scaneri ya MRI, ifata amashusho imbere yumubiri. Urupapuro ku nda yumwana rufasha gukora amashusho neza.
  • X-ray: X-ray ni ubwoko bwingufu zishobora kunyura mumubiri no kuri firime, bigakora ishusho yibice biri mumubiri, nkigituza ninda.
  • PET-CT scan: Uburyo bukomatanya amashusho kuva positron yoherejwe na tomografiya (PET) scan hamwe na tomografi yabazwe (CT) scan. Gusikana PET na CT bikorwa icyarimwe kumashini imwe. Amashusho yo muri scan zombi arahujwe kugirango akore ishusho irambuye kuruta ikizamini cyonyine. PET scan nuburyo bwo gushakisha ingirabuzimafatizo mbi mu mubiri. Umubare muto wa glucose ikora radio (isukari) yatewe mumitsi. PET scaneri izenguruka umubiri kandi ikora ishusho yerekana aho glucose ikoreshwa mumubiri. Utugingo ngengabuzima twibibyimba twerekana neza cyane ku ishusho kuko zikora cyane kandi zifata glucose nyinshi kuruta selile zisanzwe.
  • Biopsy: Gukuraho ingirabuzimafatizo cyangwa ingirangingo kugirango zishobore kurebwa munsi ya microscope na patologue kugirango barebe ibimenyetso bya kanseri. Icyemezo cyo gukora biopsy gishingiye kuri ibi bikurikira:
  • Ingano yikibyimba.
  • Intambwe ya kanseri.
  • Niba kanseri iri mu mpyiko imwe cyangwa zombi.
  • Niba ibizamini byo gufata amashusho byerekana neza kanseri.
  • Niba ikibyimba gishobora gukurwaho no kubagwa.
  • Niba umurwayi ari mu igeragezwa rya clinique.

Biopsy irashobora gukorwa mbere yubuvuzi ubwo aribwo bwose, nyuma ya chimiotherapie kugirango igabanye ikibyimba, cyangwa nyuma yo kubagwa kugirango ikureho ikibyimba.

Ibintu bimwe bigira ingaruka kubitekerezo (amahirwe yo gukira) hamwe nuburyo bwo kuvura.

Amahitamo yo kuvura no kuvura ikibyimba cya Wilms biterwa nibi bikurikira:

  • Ukuntu uturemangingo twibibyimba dutandukanye ningirabuzimafatizo zisanzwe iyo urebye munsi ya microscope.
  • Intambwe ya kanseri.
  • Ubwoko bw'ikibyimba.
  • Imyaka y'umwana.
  • Niba ikibyimba gishobora kuvaho burundu kubagwa.
  • Niba hari impinduka zimwe muri chromosomes cyangwa gen.
  • Niba kanseri imaze gupimwa cyangwa yagarutse (garuka).

Kumenyekanisha kanseri yimpyiko biterwa nibi bikurikira:

  • Intambwe ya kanseri.
  • Niba kanseri yarakwirakwiriye mu mitsi.

Kumenyekanisha ikibyimba cya rhabdoid yimpyiko biterwa nibi bikurikira:

  • Imyaka yumwana mugihe cyo kwisuzumisha.
  • Intambwe ya kanseri.
  • Niba kanseri yarakwirakwiriye mu bwonko cyangwa uruti rw'umugongo.

Kumenyekanisha sarcoma ya selile isobanutse yimpyiko biterwa nibi bikurikira:

  • Imyaka yumwana mugihe cyo kwisuzumisha.
  • Intambwe ya kanseri.

Icyiciro cya Wilms Tumor

INGINGO Z'INGENZI

  • Ibibyimba bya Wilms bikorwa mugihe cyo kubagwa hamwe no gupima amashusho.
  • Hariho uburyo butatu kanseri ikwirakwira mu mubiri.
  • Kanseri irashobora gukwirakwira aho yatangiriye no mu bindi bice byumubiri.
  • Usibye ibyiciro, ibibyimba bya Wilms bisobanurwa namateka yabo.
  • Ibyiciro bikurikira bikoreshwa muburyo bwiza bwamateka hamwe nibibyimba bya Anaplastique Wilms:
  • Icyiciro I.
  • Icyiciro cya II
  • Icyiciro cya III
  • Icyiciro cya IV
  • Icyiciro V.
  • Kuvura ibindi bibyimba byo mu bwana biterwa n'ubwoko bw'ikibyimba.
  • Rimwe na rimwe ikibyimba cya Wilms nibindi bibyimba byo mu bwana bigaruka nyuma yo kuvurwa.

Ibibyimba bya Wilms bikorwa mugihe cyo kubagwa hamwe no gupima amashusho.

Inzira ikoreshwa mu kumenya niba kanseri yarakwirakwiriye hanze y'impyiko no mu bindi bice by'umubiri byitwa guterana. Amakuru yakusanyirijwe mubikorwa byateguwe agena icyiciro cyindwara. Ni ngombwa kumenya icyiciro kugirango utegure kuvura. Muganga azakoresha ibisubizo byibizamini byo gusuzuma no gupima kugirango afashe kumenya icyiciro cyindwara.

Ibizamini bikurikira birashobora gukorwa kugirango harebwe niba kanseri yarakwirakwiriye ahandi mu mubiri:

  • Lymph node biopsy: Gukuraho byose cyangwa igice cya lymph node munda. Inzobere mu bijyanye n’indwara ireba lymph node tissue munsi ya microscope kugirango isuzume selile. Ubu buryo bwitwa lymphadenectomy cyangwa lymph node gutandukana.
  • Ikizamini cyimikorere yumwijima: Uburyo bwo gusuzuma urugero rwamaraso kugirango bapime urugero rwibintu bimwe na bimwe bisohoka mumaraso numwijima. Kurenza urugero rusanzwe rwibintu birashobora kuba ikimenyetso cyuko umwijima udakora nkuko bikwiye.
  • X-ray yigituza namagufwa: X-ray nubwoko bwingufu zishobora kunyura mumubiri no kuri firime, bigakora ishusho yibice biri mumubiri, nkigituza.
  • CT scan (CAT scan): Uburyo bukora urukurikirane rwamashusho arambuye yibice biri mumubiri, nk'inda, igitereko, igituza, n'ubwonko, byafashwe muburyo butandukanye. Amashusho yakozwe na mudasobwa ihujwe na mashini ya x-ray. Irangi ryatewe mumitsi cyangwa rimirwa kugirango rifashe ingingo cyangwa ingirangingo kugaragara neza. Ubu buryo kandi bwitwa computing tomografiya, tomografiya ya mudasobwa, cyangwa mudasobwa ya axial tomografiya.
  • PET-CT scan: Uburyo bukomatanya amashusho kuva positron yoherejwe na tomografiya (PET) scan hamwe na tomografi yabazwe (CT) scan. Gusikana PET na CT bikorwa icyarimwe kumashini imwe. Amashusho yo muri scan zombi arahujwe kugirango akore ishusho irambuye kuruta ikizamini cyonyine. PET scan nuburyo bwo gushakisha ingirabuzimafatizo mbi mu mubiri. Umubare muto wa glucose ikora radio (isukari) yatewe mumitsi. PET scaneri izenguruka umubiri kandi ikora ishusho yerekana aho glucose ikoreshwa mumubiri. Utugingo ngengabuzima twibibyimba twerekana neza cyane ku ishusho kuko zikora cyane kandi zifata glucose nyinshi kuruta selile zisanzwe.
  • MRI . Ubu buryo bwitwa kandi magnetic magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI).
  • Gusikana amagufwa: Uburyo bwo kugenzura niba mu magufwa hari selile zigabanya vuba, nka selile kanseri. Umubare muto cyane wibikoresho bya radio bitera mumitsi kandi bikanyura mumaraso. Ibikoresho bya radiyoyakusanyiriza mu magufa hamwe na kanseri kandi bigaragazwa na scaneri.
Gusikana amagufwa. Umubare muto wibikoresho bya radio bitera mumitsi yumwana kandi bikanyura mumaraso. Ibikoresho bya radiyo bikusanya mumagufwa. Mugihe umwana aryamye kumeza anyerera munsi ya scaneri, hamenyekana ibikoresho bya radio bikora amashusho bigakorerwa kuri ecran ya mudasobwa.
  • Ikizamini cya Ultrasound: Uburyo bukoreshwa mu majwi menshi y’amajwi (ultrasound) asohoka mu ngingo cyangwa mu ngingo imbere hanyuma agasubiramo. Ijwi ryerekana ishusho yumubiri wumubiri witwa sonogram. Ultrasound yimitsi yingenzi yumutima ikorwa kugirango ikibyimba cya Wilms.
  • Cystoscopy: Uburyo bwo kureba imbere mu ruhago na urethra kugirango urebe ahantu hadasanzwe. Cystoscope yinjizwa muri urethra mu ruhago. Cystoscope nigikoresho cyoroshye, kimeze nkigikoresho gifite urumuri na lens yo kureba. Irashobora kandi kugira igikoresho cyo gukuraho ingero za tissue, zisuzumwa munsi ya microscope kugirango ibimenyetso bya kanseri.

Hariho uburyo butatu kanseri ikwirakwira mu mubiri.

Kanseri irashobora gukwirakwira binyuze mu ngingo, sisitemu ya lymph, n'amaraso:

  • Tissue. Kanseri ikwirakwira aho yatangiriye ikurira mu turere twegereye.
  • Sisitemu ya Lymph. Kanseri ikwirakwira aho yatangiriye yinjira muri sisitemu ya lymph. Kanseri inyura mu mitsi ya lymph igana mu bindi bice by'umubiri.
  • Amaraso. Kanseri ikwirakwira aho yatangiriye yinjira mu maraso. Kanseri inyura mu mitsi y'amaraso igana mu bindi bice by'umubiri.

Kanseri irashobora gukwirakwira aho yatangiriye no mu bindi bice byumubiri.

Iyo kanseri ikwirakwira mu kindi gice cy'umubiri, yitwa metastasis. Ingirabuzimafatizo za kanseri zitandukana aho zatangiriye (ikibyimba kibanza) zikanyura muri sisitemu ya lymph cyangwa maraso.

  • Sisitemu ya Lymph. Kanseri yinjira muri sisitemu ya lymph, ikanyura mu mitsi ya lymph, igakora ikibyimba (ikibyimba metastatike) mu kindi gice cy'umubiri.
  • Amaraso. Kanseri yinjira mu maraso, ikanyura mu mitsi y'amaraso, igakora ikibyimba (ikibyimba metastatike) mu kindi gice cy'umubiri.

Ikibyimba metastatike nubwoko bumwe bwa kanseri nkibibyimba byibanze. Kurugero, niba ikibyimba cya Wilms gikwirakwira mu bihaha, kanseri ya kanseri mu bihaha ni selile ya Wilms. Indwara ni metastatike Wilms ikibyimba, ntabwo ari kanseri y'ibihaha.

Usibye ibyiciro, ibibyimba bya Wilms bisobanurwa namateka yabo.

Amateka (uko selile zisa munsi ya microscope) yibibyimba bigira ingaruka kumyumvire no kuvura ikibyimba cya Wilms. Amateka yamateka arashobora kuba meza cyangwa anaplastique (adakwiye). Ibibyimba bifite amateka meza afite prognoza nziza kandi bigasubiza neza chimiotherapie kuruta ibibyimba bya anaplastique. Tumor selile igizwe na anaplastique igabanya vuba kandi munsi ya microscope ntabwo isa n'ubwoko bw'utugingo twavuye. Ibibyimba bya Anaplastique biragoye kuvura hamwe na chimiotherapie kurusha ibindi bibyimba bya Wilms murwego rumwe.

Ibyiciro bikurikira bikoreshwa muburyo bwiza bwamateka hamwe nibibyimba bya Anaplastique Wilms:

Icyiciro I.

Mu cyiciro cya I, ikibyimba cyavanyweho burundu no kubagwa kandi ibi byose bikurikira ni ukuri:

  • Kanseri yabonetse mu mpyiko gusa kandi ntiyari yarakwirakwiriye mu mitsi y'amaraso muri sinus y'impyiko (igice cy'impyiko aho ihurira na ureter) cyangwa kuri lymph node.
  • Igice cyo hanze cyimpyiko nticyigeze gifungura.
  • Ikibyimba nticyakinguye.
  • Biopsy ntiyakozwe mbere yuko ikibyimba gikurwaho.
  • Nta selile ya kanseri yabonetse ku nkombe z'ahantu bakuye ikibyimba.

Icyiciro cya II

Mu cyiciro cya II, ikibyimba cyavanyweho burundu no kubagwa kandi nta selile ya kanseri yabonetse ku nkombe z'ahantu kanseri yakuwe. Kanseri ntiyakwirakwiriye mu mitsi. Mbere yuko ikibyimba gikurwaho, kimwe muri ibi bikurikira cyari ukuri:

  • Kanseri yari yarakwirakwiriye mu mpyiko (igice cy'impyiko aho ihurira na ureter).
  • Kanseri yari yarakwirakwiriye mu mitsi y'amaraso hanze y’impyiko ikorerwa inkari, nka sinus yimpyiko.

Icyiciro cya III

Mu cyiciro cya III, kanseri iguma mu nda nyuma yo kubagwa kandi kimwe muri ibi bikurikira gishobora kuba ukuri:

  • Kanseri yakwirakwiriye mu mitsi yo mu nda cyangwa mu gitereko (igice cy'umubiri kiri mu kibuno).
  • Kanseri yakwirakwiriye cyangwa inyuze hejuru ya peritoneum (urwego rw'inyama zihuza urwungano ngogozi kandi rugatwikira ingingo nyinshi zo munda).
  • Biopsy yikibyimba yakozwe mbere yuko ikurwaho.
  • Ikibyimba cyafunguye mbere cyangwa mugihe cyo kubagwa kugirango gikurweho.
  • Ikibyimba cyakuweho mu gice kirenze kimwe.
  • Ingirabuzimafatizo za kanseri ziboneka ku nkombe z'ahantu bakuye ikibyimba.
  • Ikibyimba cyose ntigishobora kuvaho kuko ingingo cyangwa ingirangingo zingenzi mumubiri byangirika.

Icyiciro cya IV

Mu cyiciro cya IV, kanseri yakwirakwiriye mu maraso mu ngingo nk'ibihaha, umwijima, amagufwa, cyangwa ubwonko, cyangwa se lymph node hanze y'inda na pelvis.

Icyiciro V.

Mu cyiciro cya V, kanseri iboneka mu mpyiko zombi iyo kanseri isuzumwe bwa mbere.

Kuvura ibindi bibyimba byo mu bwana biterwa n'ubwoko bw'ikibyimba.

Rimwe na rimwe ikibyimba cya Wilms nibindi bibyimba byo mu bwana bigaruka nyuma yo kuvurwa.

Ubwana bwa Wilms ikibyimba gishobora kugaruka (kugaruka) kurubuga rwambere, cyangwa mugihaha, inda, umwijima, cyangwa ahandi hantu mumubiri.

Ubwana busobanutse selile sarcoma yimpyiko irashobora kugaruka kumwanya wambere, cyangwa mubwonko, ibihaha, cyangwa ahandi hantu mumubiri.

Ubwana bwavutse mesoblastique nephroma irashobora kugaruka mumpyiko cyangwa ahandi hantu mumubiri.

Incamake yo kuvura

INGINGO Z'INGENZI

  • Hariho uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura abarwayi bafite ikibyimba cya Wilms nibindi bibyimba byo mu bwana.
  • Abana barwaye ikibyimba cya Wilms cyangwa ibindi bibyimba byo mu bwana bagomba guteganya ubuvuzi bwateguwe nitsinda ryabashinzwe ubuzima ninzobere mu kuvura kanseri mu bana.
  • Kuvura ikibyimba cya Wilms nibindi bibyimba byo mu bwana bishobora gutera ingaruka.
  • Ubwoko butanu bwo kuvura busanzwe bukoreshwa:
  • Kubaga
  • Imiti ivura imirasire
  • Chimoterapi
  • Immunotherapy
  • Imiti myinshi ya chimiotherapie hamwe no gutabara ingirangingo
  • Ubwoko bushya bwo kuvura burimo kugeragezwa mubigeragezo byamavuriro.
  • Ubuvuzi bugamije
  • Abarwayi barashobora kwifuza gutekereza kubijyanye no kwipimisha kwa muganga.
  • Abarwayi barashobora kwipimisha kwa muganga mbere, mugihe, cyangwa nyuma yo gutangira kuvura kanseri.
  • Ibizamini byo gukurikirana birashobora gukenerwa.

Hariho uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura abarwayi bafite ikibyimba cya Wilms nibindi bibyimba byo mu bwana.

Ubwoko butandukanye bwo kuvura burahari kubana barwaye Wilms nibindi bibyimba byo mu bwana. Bumwe mu buryo busanzwe (ubuvuzi bukoreshwa ubu), kandi bumwe burimo kugeragezwa mubigeragezo byamavuriro. Ikigeragezo kivura ni ubushakashatsi bwakozwe bugamije gufasha kunoza imiti igezweho cyangwa kubona amakuru ku buvuzi bushya ku barwayi ba kanseri. Iyo ibizamini byo kwa muganga byerekana ko ubuvuzi bushya buruta ubuvuzi busanzwe, ubuvuzi bushya bushobora kuba ubuvuzi busanzwe.

Kubera ko kanseri mu bana idasanzwe, kugira uruhare mu igeragezwa ry’amavuriro bigomba kwitabwaho. Ibigeragezo bimwe na bimwe bivura abarwayi batatangiye kwivuza.

Abana barwaye ikibyimba cya Wilms cyangwa ibindi bibyimba byo mu bwana bagomba guteganya ubuvuzi bwateguwe nitsinda ryabashinzwe ubuzima ninzobere mu kuvura kanseri mu bana.

Ubuvuzi bw'umwana wawe buzakurikiranwa na oncologue wabana, umuganga winzobere mu kuvura abana barwaye kanseri. Umuganga wa oncologue w'abana akorana n'abandi bashinzwe ubuzima bw'abana b'inzobere mu kuvura abana bafite ikibyimba cya Wilms cyangwa ibindi bibyimba byo mu bwana kandi bafite ubuhanga mu bice bimwe na bimwe by'ubuvuzi. Aba bashobora kuba barimo inzobere zikurikira:

  • Umuganga w'abana.
  • Kubaga abana cyangwa urologiste.
  • Imirasire ya oncologue.
  • Inzobere mu gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe.
  • Inzobere mu baforomo b'abana.
  • Ushinzwe imibereho myiza.

Kuvura ikibyimba cya Wilms nibindi bibyimba byo mu bwana bishobora gutera ingaruka.

Kumakuru yingaruka zitangira mugihe cyo kuvura kanseri, reba urupapuro rwuruhande rwacu.

Ingaruka ziterwa no kuvura kanseri zitangira nyuma yo kuvurwa zikomeza amezi cyangwa imyaka byitwa ingaruka zitinze. Ingaruka zo kuvura kanseri zishobora kuba zikubiyemo ibi bikurikira:

  • Ibibazo byumubiri, nkibibazo byumutima, ibibazo byimpyiko, cyangwa ibibazo mugihe utwite.
  • Impinduka mumyumvire, ibyiyumvo, gutekereza, kwiga, cyangwa kwibuka.
  • Kanseri ya kabiri (ubwoko bushya bwa kanseri), nka kanseri yo mu gifu cyangwa kanseri y'ibere.

Ingaruka zimwe zitinze zishobora kuvurwa cyangwa kugenzurwa. Ni ngombwa kuganira n'abaganga b'umwana wawe ku ngaruka kuvura kanseri bishobora kugira ku mwana wawe. (Reba incamake ya kubyerekeye Ingaruka Zitinze Zivura Kanseri Yumwana Kubindi bisobanuro).

Igeragezwa rya Clinical ririmo gukorwa kugirango hamenyekane niba urugero rwo hasi rwa chimiotherapie hamwe nimirasire bishobora gukoreshwa kugirango bigabanye ingaruka zitinze zo kuvura udahinduye uburyo ubuvuzi bukora neza.

Ubwoko butanu bwo kuvura busanzwe bukoreshwa:

Kubaga

Ubwoko bubiri bwo kubaga bukoreshwa mu kuvura ibibyimba by'impyiko:

  • Nephrectomy: Ikibyimba cya Wilms nibindi bibyimba byo mu bwana bikunze kuvurwa na nephrectomie (kubaga gukuramo impyiko zose). Hafi ya lymph node irashobora kandi gukurwaho no kugenzurwa ibimenyetso bya kanseri. Rimwe na rimwe, guhinduranya impyiko (kubaga gukuramo impyiko no kuyisimbuza impyiko ku baterankunga) bikorwa iyo kanseri iri mu mpyiko zombi kandi impyiko zidakora neza.
  • Nephrectomy igice: Niba kanseri iboneka mu mpyiko zombi cyangwa ikaba ishobora gukwirakwira ku mpyiko zombi, kubagwa bishobora kuba birimo nephrectomie igice (kuvanaho kanseri mu mpyiko hamwe nuduce duto dusanzwe tuyikikije). Nephrectomy igice ikorwa kugirango impyiko zikore zishoboka. Igice cya nephrectomy nacyo cyitwa kubaga impyiko.

Muganga amaze gukuraho kanseri zose zishobora kugaragara mugihe cyo kubagwa, abarwayi bamwe bashobora guhabwa chimiotherapie cyangwa imiti ivura imirasire nyuma yo kubagwa kugirango bice selile zose zisigaye. Umuti watanzwe nyuma yo kubagwa, kugirango ugabanye ibyago ko kanseri izagaruka, byitwa kuvura indwara. Rimwe na rimwe, kubagwa bwa kabiri bikozwe kugirango barebe niba kanseri ikomeza nyuma ya chimiotherapie cyangwa imiti ivura imirasire.

Imiti ivura imirasire

Imishwarara ivura ni imiti ikoresha kanseri ikoresha ingufu nyinshi za x-imirasire cyangwa ubundi bwoko bwimirasire yica kanseri cyangwa ikabuza gukura. Hariho ubwoko bubiri bwo kuvura imirasire:

  • Imiti ivura hanze ikoresha imashini hanze yumubiri kugirango yohereze imirasire kuri kanseri.
  • Imiti ivura imbere ikoresha ibintu bifata radiyo bifunze inshinge, imbuto, insinga, cyangwa catheteri bishyirwa muri kanseri cyangwa hafi yayo.

Uburyo bwo kuvura imirasire itangwa biterwa n'ubwoko n'icyiciro cya kanseri ivurwa ndetse no kumenya niba biopsy yakozwe mbere yo kubagwa kugirango ikureho ikibyimba. Imiti ivura hanze ikoreshwa mukuvura ikibyimba cya Wilms nibindi bibyimba byo mu bwana.

Chimoterapi

Chimoterapi ni umuti wa kanseri ukoresha ibiyobyabwenge kugirango uhagarike imikurire ya kanseri, haba mu kwica selile cyangwa kubabuza gutandukana. Iyo chimiotherapie ifashwe numunwa cyangwa igaterwa mumitsi cyangwa imitsi, imiti yinjira mumaraso kandi irashobora kugera kanseri ya kanseri mumubiri (chimiotherapie sisitemu). Iyo chimiotherapie ishyizwe mumazi yubwonko, urugingo, cyangwa umwobo wumubiri nkinda, imiti yibasira kanseri ya kanseri muri utwo turere (chimiotherapie yo mukarere). Imiti ya chimiotherapie ni ubuvuzi ukoresheje imiti ibiri cyangwa myinshi ya anticancer.

Uburyo chimiotherapie itangwa biterwa nubwoko nicyiciro cya kanseri ivurwa. Sisitemu ya chimiotherapie ikoreshwa mukuvura ikibyimba cya Wilms nibindi bibyimba byo mu bwana.

Rimwe na rimwe, ikibyimba ntigishobora gukurwaho no kubagwa kubera imwe mu mpamvu zikurikira:

  • Ikibyimba cyegereye cyane ingingo zingenzi cyangwa imiyoboro yamaraso.
  • Ikibyimba kinini cyane ku buryo kidashobora kuvanwaho.
  • Kanseri iri mu mpyiko zombi.
  • Hariho amaraso atembera mumitsi hafi yumwijima.
  • Umurwayi afite ikibazo cyo guhumeka kuko kanseri yakwirakwiriye mu bihaha.

Muri iki kibazo, biopsy ikorwa mbere. Noneho chimiotherapie itangwa kugirango igabanye ubunini bwikibyimba mbere yo kubagwa, kugirango ibike ingirabuzimafatizo nziza zishoboka kandi zigabanye ibibazo nyuma yo kubagwa. Ibi bita chimiotherapie neoadjuvant. Imiti ivura imirasire itangwa nyuma yo kubagwa.

Reba Ibiyobyabwenge Byemewe kuri Wilms Tumor hamwe na Kanseri Yimpyiko Yumwana Kubindi bisobanuro.

Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy nubuvuzi bukoresha sisitemu yumubiri yumurwayi kurwanya kanseri. Ibintu bikozwe numubiri cyangwa bikozwe muri laboratoire bikoreshwa mukuzamura, kuyobora, cyangwa kugarura umubiri kamere irinda kanseri. Ubu bwoko bwo kuvura kanseri nabwo bwitwa biotherapy cyangwa biologique therapy.

Interferon na interleukin-2 (IL-2) ni ubwoko bwa immunotherapie ikoreshwa mu kuvura kanseri y'impyiko yo mu bwana. Interferon igira ingaruka ku igabana ry'uturemangingo twa kanseri kandi irashobora gutinda gukura kw'ibibyimba. IL-2 ituma imikurire n'ibikorwa bya selile nyinshi z'umubiri, cyane cyane lymphocytes (ubwoko bw'amaraso yera). Lymphocytes irashobora gutera no kwica selile.

Imiti myinshi ya chimiotherapie hamwe no gutabara ingirangingo

Umubare munini wa chimiotherapie utangwa kugirango wice selile. Ingirabuzimafatizo nzima, harimo na selile zikora amaraso, nazo zirasenywa no kuvura kanseri. Gutabara ingirabuzimafatizo ni uburyo bwo gusimbuza ingirabuzimafatizo. Ingirabuzimafatizo (selile yamaraso idakuze) ikurwa mumaraso cyangwa igufwa ryumurwayi kandi irakonja ikabikwa. Nyuma yuko umurwayi arangije chimiotherapie, ingirangingo zibitswe zabitswe kandi zisubizwa umurwayi binyuze mu gushiramo. Izi ngirabuzimafatizo zongeye gukoreshwa zikura (kandi zigarura) ingirangingo z'amaraso z'umubiri.

Imiti myinshi ya chimiotherapie hamwe no gutabara ingirabuzimafatizo irashobora gukoreshwa mu kuvura ikibyimba cya Wilms gisubirwamo.

Ubwoko bushya bwo kuvura burimo kugeragezwa mubigeragezo byamavuriro.

Amakuru yerekeye ibizamini byamavuriro araboneka kurubuga rwa NCI.

Ubuvuzi bugamije

Ubuvuzi bugamije ni ubuvuzi bukoresha ibiyobyabwenge cyangwa ibindi bintu kugirango umenye kandi utere kanseri yihariye itangiza ingirabuzimafatizo zisanzwe. Ubuvuzi bugamije gukoreshwa mu kuvura ibibyimba byo mu bwana bishobora kubamo ibi bikurikira:

  • Inhibitor ya Kinase: Ubu buryo bugamije kuvura bwerekana ko selile kanseri ikeneye gukura no kugabana. LOXO-101 na entrectinib ni inzitizi za kinase zirimo kwigwa kuvura nebroma ivuka. Inhibitori ya Tyrosine kinase, nka sunitinib cyangwa cabozantinib, irashobora gukoreshwa mu kuvura kanseri yimpyiko. Axitinib ni tyrosine kinase inhibitor yiga kuvura kanseri yimpyiko idashobora gukurwaho no kubagwa cyangwa ikwirakwira mubindi bice byumubiri.
  • Inhibitori ya Histone methyltransferase: Ubu buvuzi bugamije kugabanya umuvuduko wa kanseri ubushobozi bwo gukura no kugabana. Tazemetostat ni inhibitor ya histone methyltransferase yiga kuvura ikibyimba cya rhabdoid yimpyiko.
  • Ubuvuzi bwa antibody ya Monoclonal: Ubu buvuzi bugamije gukoresha antibodies zakozwe muri laboratoire, uhereye mubwoko bumwe bwimikorere ya selile. Iyi antibodies irashobora kumenya ibintu biri muri kanseri ya kanseri cyangwa ibintu bisanzwe bishobora gufasha kanseri gukura. Antibodiyite ifata ibintu kandi ikica selile ya kanseri, ikabuza gukura kwayo, cyangwa ikabuza gukwirakwira. Antibodiyite za Monoclonal zitangwa no gushiramo. Bashobora gukoreshwa bonyine cyangwa gutwara ibiyobyabwenge, uburozi, cyangwa ibikoresho bya radio bikoresha kanseri ya kanseri. Nivolumab ni antibody ya monoclonal irimo kwigwa kugirango ivure kanseri yimpyiko idashobora gukurwaho no kubagwa cyangwa ikwirakwira mu bindi bice byumubiri.

Ubuvuzi bugamije burimo kwigwa kuvura ibibyimba byimpyiko byana byagarutse (garuka).

Abarwayi barashobora kwifuza gutekereza kubijyanye no kwipimisha kwa muganga.

Ku barwayi bamwe, kwitabira ikizamini cyamavuriro birashobora kuba uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura. Ibigeragezo bivura biri mubikorwa byubushakashatsi bwa kanseri. Igeragezwa rya Clinical rikorwa kugirango hamenyekane niba imiti mishya ya kanseri itekanye kandi ifite akamaro cyangwa nziza kuruta ubuvuzi busanzwe.

Benshi mubuvuzi busanzwe bwa kanseri bushingiye kubigeragezo byambere byubuvuzi. Abarwayi bitabiriye kwipimisha barashobora kuvurwa bisanzwe cyangwa kuba mubambere bahawe imiti mishya.

Abarwayi bitabira ibizamini byo kwa muganga nabo bafasha kunoza uburyo kanseri izavurwa mugihe kizaza. Nubwo ibigeragezo bivura bitaganisha ku buvuzi bushya, akenshi basubiza ibibazo byingenzi kandi bigafasha gutera imbere ubushakashatsi.

Abarwayi barashobora kwipimisha kwa muganga mbere, mugihe, cyangwa nyuma yo gutangira kuvura kanseri.

Igeragezwa rimwe na rimwe ririmo abarwayi bataravurwa. Ibindi bigeragezo bipima abarwayi bafite kanseri itameze neza. Hariho kandi ibizamini byo kwa muganga bipima uburyo bushya bwo guhagarika kanseri kongera kugaruka (kugaruka) cyangwa kugabanya ingaruka zo kuvura kanseri.

Igeragezwa rya Clinical ririmo kubera mu bice byinshi by'igihugu. Amakuru yerekeye ibizamini byamavuriro ashyigikiwe na NCI urashobora kubisanga kurubuga rwa NCI. Ibizamini bya Clinical bishyigikiwe nandi mashyirahamwe murashobora kubisanga kurubuga rwa ClinicalTrials.gov.

Ibizamini byo gukurikirana birashobora gukenerwa.

Bimwe mubizamini byakozwe mugupima kanseri cyangwa kumenya icyiciro cya kanseri birashobora gusubirwamo. Ibizamini bimwe bizasubirwamo kugirango harebwe uburyo ubuvuzi bukora neza. Ibyemezo bijyanye no gukomeza, guhindura, cyangwa guhagarika ubuvuzi birashobora gushingira kubisubizo byibi bizamini.

Bimwe mubizamini bizakomeza gukorwa buri gihe nyuma yubuvuzi burangiye. Ibisubizo by'ibi bizamini birashobora kwerekana niba imiterere y'umwana wawe yarahindutse cyangwa niba kanseri yarongeye (garuka). Ibi bizamini rimwe na rimwe byitwa gukurikirana-ibizamini cyangwa kugenzura.

Amahitamo yo kuvura Wilms Tumor

Muri iki gice

  • Icyiciro I Wilms Tumor
  • Icyiciro cya II Wilms Tumor
  • Icyiciro cya III Wilms Tumor
  • Icyiciro cya IV Wilms Tumor
  • Icyiciro V Wilms Tumor nabarwayi bafite ibyago byinshi byo kwandura ikibyimba cya Wilms

Kumakuru yerekeye imiti yavuzwe hepfo, reba igice cyo kuvura.

Icyiciro I Wilms Tumor

Kuvura icyiciro I Wilms ikibyimba hamwe namateka meza ashobora kuba arimo:

  • Nephrectomy hamwe no gukuraho lymph node, ikurikirwa na chimiotherapie.
  • Igeragezwa rya clinique ya nephrectomy gusa.

Kuvura icyiciro cya I anaplastique Wilms ikibyimba gishobora kubamo:

  • Nephrectomy hamwe no gukuraho lymph node ikurikirwa na chimiotherapie hamwe nubuvuzi bwimishwarara kumpande (impande zombi zumubiri hagati yimbavu na hipbone).

Koresha ubushakashatsi bwamavuriro kugirango ushakishe NCI ifashwa na kanseri ivura abarwayi. Urashobora gushakisha ibigeragezo ukurikije ubwoko bwa kanseri, imyaka yumurwayi, n’aho ibizamini bikorerwa. Amakuru rusange yerekeye ibizamini byamavuriro nayo arahari.

Icyiciro cya II Wilms Tumor

Kuvura icyiciro cya II Wilms ikibyimba hamwe namateka meza ashobora kuba arimo:

  • Nephrectomy hamwe no gukuraho lymph node, ikurikirwa na chimiotherapie.

Kuvura icyiciro cya II anaplastique Wilms ikibyimba gishobora kubamo:

  • Nephrectomy hamwe no gukuraho lymph node, hagakurikiraho kuvura imirasire munda hamwe na chimiotherapie.

Koresha ubushakashatsi bwamavuriro kugirango ushakishe NCI ifashwa na kanseri ivura abarwayi. Urashobora gushakisha ibigeragezo ukurikije ubwoko bwa kanseri, imyaka yumurwayi, n’aho ibizamini bikorerwa. Amakuru rusange yerekeye ibizamini byamavuriro nayo arahari.

Icyiciro cya III Wilms Tumor

Kuvura icyiciro cya III Wilms ikibyimba hamwe namateka meza ashobora kuba arimo:

  • Nephrectomy hamwe no gukuraho lymph node, hagakurikiraho kuvura imirasire munda hamwe na chimiotherapie.

Kuvura icyiciro cya III anaplastique Wilms ikibyimba gishobora kubamo:

  • Nephrectomy hamwe no gukuraho lymph node, hagakurikiraho kuvura imirasire munda hamwe na chimiotherapie.
  • Imiti ya chimiotherapie ikurikirwa na nephrectomy hamwe no gukuraho lymph node, hagakurikiraho kuvura imirasire munda.

Koresha ubushakashatsi bwamavuriro kugirango ushakishe NCI ifashwa na kanseri ivura abarwayi. Urashobora gushakisha ibigeragezo ukurikije ubwoko bwa kanseri, imyaka yumurwayi, n’aho ibizamini bikorerwa. Amakuru rusange yerekeye ibizamini byamavuriro nayo arahari.

Icyiciro cya IV Wilms Tumor

Kuvura icyiciro cya IV Wilms ikibyimba hamwe namateka meza ashobora kuba arimo:

  • Nephrectomy hamwe no gukuraho lymph node, hagakurikiraho kuvura imirasire munda hamwe na chimiotherapie. Niba kanseri yarakwirakwiriye mu bindi bice by'umubiri, abarwayi bazahabwa imiti ivura imirasire muri utwo turere.

Kuvura icyiciro cya IV anaplastique Wilms ikibyimba gishobora kubamo:

  • Nephrectomy hamwe no gukuraho lymph node, hagakurikiraho kuvura imirasire munda hamwe na chimiotherapie. Niba kanseri yarakwirakwiriye mu bindi bice by'umubiri, abarwayi bazahabwa imiti ivura imirasire muri utwo turere.
  • Imiti ya chimiotherapie yatanzwe mbere ya nephrectomy hamwe no gukuraho lymph node, hakurikiraho kuvura imirasire munda. Niba kanseri yarakwirakwiriye mu bindi bice by'umubiri, abarwayi bazahabwa imiti ivura imirasire muri utwo turere.

Koresha ubushakashatsi bwamavuriro kugirango ushakishe NCI ifashwa na kanseri ivura abarwayi. Urashobora gushakisha ibigeragezo ukurikije ubwoko bwa kanseri, imyaka yumurwayi, n’aho ibizamini bikorerwa. Amakuru rusange yerekeye ibizamini byamavuriro nayo arahari.

Icyiciro V Wilms Tumor nabarwayi bafite ibyago byinshi byo kwandura ikibyimba cya Wilms

Kuvura icyiciro cya V Wilms ikibyimba gishobora kuba gitandukanye kuri buri murwayi kandi gishobora kubamo:

  • Kuvura chimiotherapie kugirango ugabanye ikibyimba, hanyuma ukurikire gusubiramo amashusho mubyumweru 4 kugeza 8 kugirango uhitemo ubundi buryo bwo kuvura (nephrectomy igice, biopsy, gukomeza chimiotherapie, na / cyangwa kuvura imirasire).
  • Biopsy yimpyiko ikurikirwa no kuvura chimiotherapie kugirango igabanye ikibyimba. Kubaga kabiri birakorwa kugirango bakureho kanseri nyinshi zishoboka. Ibi birashobora gukurikirwa na chimiotherapie hamwe na / cyangwa imiti ivura imirasire niba kanseri igumye nyuma yo kubagwa.

Niba hakenewe guhindurwa impyiko kubera ibibazo byimpyiko, biratinda kugeza kumyaka 1 kugeza 2 nyuma yubuvuzi burangiye kandi nta kimenyetso cya kanseri.

Koresha ubushakashatsi bwamavuriro kugirango ushakishe NCI ifashwa na kanseri ivura abarwayi. Urashobora gushakisha ibigeragezo ukurikije ubwoko bwa kanseri, imyaka yumurwayi, n’aho ibizamini bikorerwa. Amakuru rusange yerekeye ibizamini byamavuriro nayo arahari.

Amahitamo yo Kuvura Ibindi Byana Byimpyiko

Muri iki gice

  • Kanseri y'impyiko (RCC)
  • Rhabdoid Tumor yimpyiko
  • Sukura Sarcoma Yimpyiko
  • Ivuka rya Mesoblastique Nephroma
  • Ewing Sarcoma yimpyiko
  • Impyiko Yibanze Myoepithelial Carcinoma
  • Cystic Igice Bitandukanye Nephroblastoma
  • Indwara ya Cystic Nephroma
  • Sarcoma Yibanze Yimpyiko
  • Anaplastique Sarcoma yimpyiko
  • Nephroblastomatose (Diffuse Hyperplastic Perilobar Nephroblastomatose)

Kumakuru yerekeye imiti yavuzwe hepfo, reba igice cyo kuvura.

Kanseri y'impyiko (RCC)

Kuvura kanseri y'impyiko bishobora kuba bikubiyemo:

  • Kubaga, bishobora kuba:
  • nephrectomy hamwe no gukuraho lymph node; cyangwa
  • igice cya nephrectomy hamwe no gukuraho lymph node.
  • Immunotherapy (interferon na interleukin-2) kuri kanseri yakwirakwiriye mu bindi bice byumubiri.
  • Ubuvuzi bugamije (tyrosine kinase inhibitor) kuri kanseri yakwirakwiriye mu bindi bice byumubiri.
  • Igeragezwa rya clinique yubuvuzi bugamije hamwe na tyrosine kinase inhibitor hamwe na / cyangwa imiti ya antibody ya monoclonal ivura kanseri ifite ihinduka rya gene runaka kandi ntishobora gukurwaho no kubagwa cyangwa ikwirakwira mu bindi bice byumubiri.

Reba incamake ya kubyerekeranye no kuvura kanseri yimpyiko.

Koresha ubushakashatsi bwamavuriro kugirango ushakishe NCI ifashwa na kanseri ivura abarwayi. Urashobora gushakisha ibigeragezo ukurikije ubwoko bwa kanseri, imyaka yumurwayi, n’aho ibizamini bikorerwa. Amakuru rusange yerekeye ibizamini byamavuriro nayo arahari.

Rhabdoid Tumor yimpyiko

Nta buryo busanzwe bwo kuvura ikibyimba cya rhabdoid yimpyiko. Umuti urashobora kubamo:

  • Ihuriro ryo kubaga, chimiotherapie, na / cyangwa kuvura imirasire.
  • Ikigeragezo cyamavuriro yubuvuzi bugenewe (tazemetostat).

Koresha ubushakashatsi bwamavuriro kugirango ushakishe NCI ifashwa na kanseri ivura abarwayi. Urashobora gushakisha ibigeragezo ukurikije ubwoko bwa kanseri, imyaka yumurwayi, n’aho ibizamini bikorerwa. Amakuru rusange yerekeye ibizamini byamavuriro nayo arahari.

Sukura Sarcoma Yimpyiko

Kuvura sarcoma selile isobanutse yimpyiko irashobora kubamo:

  • Nephrectomy hamwe no gukuraho lymph node ikurikirwa na chimiotherapie hamwe nubuvuzi bwimirasire munda.
  • Ikigeragezo cyamavuriro yubuvuzi bushya.

Koresha ubushakashatsi bwamavuriro kugirango ushakishe NCI ifashwa na kanseri ivura abarwayi. Urashobora gushakisha ibigeragezo ukurikije ubwoko bwa kanseri, imyaka yumurwayi, n’aho ibizamini bikorerwa. Amakuru rusange yerekeye ibizamini byamavuriro nayo arahari.

Ivuka rya Mesoblastique Nephroma

Umuti wo mu cyiciro cya I, II, hamwe n’abarwayi bamwe na bamwe bafite icyiciro cya III kavukire mesoblastique nephroma irashobora kubamo:

  • Kubaga.

Umuti ku barwayi bamwe na bamwe bafite icyiciro cya gatatu cyavutse mesoblastique nephroma irashobora kubamo:

  • Kubaga bishobora gukurikirwa na chimiotherapie.

Koresha ubushakashatsi bwamavuriro kugirango ushakishe NCI ifashwa na kanseri ivura abarwayi. Urashobora gushakisha ibigeragezo ukurikije ubwoko bwa kanseri, imyaka yumurwayi, n’aho ibizamini bikorerwa. Amakuru rusange yerekeye ibizamini byamavuriro nayo arahari.

Ewing Sarcoma yimpyiko

Nta buryo busanzwe bwo kuvura Ewing sarcoma yimpyiko. Umuti urashobora kubamo:

  • Ihuriro ryo kubaga, chimiotherapie, hamwe no kuvura imirasire.

Irashobora kandi gufatwa nkuko Ewing sarcoma ivurwa. Reba incamake ya kubyerekeye kuvura Ewing Sarcoma kubindi bisobanuro.

Koresha ubushakashatsi bwamavuriro kugirango ushakishe NCI ifashwa na kanseri ivura abarwayi. Urashobora gushakisha ibigeragezo ukurikije ubwoko bwa kanseri, imyaka yumurwayi, n’aho ibizamini bikorerwa. Amakuru rusange yerekeye ibizamini byamavuriro nayo arahari.

Impyiko Yibanze Myoepithelial Carcinoma

Nta buryo busanzwe bwo kuvura kanseri y'umwijima myoepithelial kanseri. Umuti urashobora kubamo:

  • Ihuriro ryo kubaga, chimiotherapie, hamwe no kuvura imirasire.

Cystic Igice Bitandukanye Nephroblastoma

Ubuvuzi bwa cystic butandukanye igice cya nephroblastoma gishobora kubamo:

  • Kubaga bishobora gukurikirwa na chimiotherapie.

Indwara ya Cystic Nephroma

Kuvura indwara ya cystic nephroma isanzwe ikubiyemo:

  • Kubaga.

Sarcoma Yibanze Yimpyiko

Kuvura sarcoma yibanze yimpyiko mubisanzwe birimo:

  • Chimoterapi.

Anaplastique Sarcoma yimpyiko

Nta buryo busanzwe bwo kuvura sarcoma ya anaplastique yimpyiko. Ubuvuzi mubisanzwe nubuvuzi bumwe butangwa kubibyimba bya Anaplastique.

Nephroblastomatose (Diffuse Hyperplastic Perilobar Nephroblastomatose)

Kuvura nephroblastomatose biterwa nibi bikurikira:

  • Niba umwana afite amatsinda adasanzwe ya selile mumpyiko imwe cyangwa yombi.
  • Niba umwana afite ikibyimba cya Wilms mu mpyiko imwe hamwe nitsinda rya selile zidasanzwe muyindi mpyiko.

Umuti wa nephroblastomatose urashobora kubamo:

  • Chimiotherapie ikurikirwa na nephrectomy. Rimwe na rimwe, nephrectomy igice irashobora gukorwa kugirango imikorere yimpyiko ishoboka.

Umuti wo kubyimba impyiko zabana bato

Kumakuru yerekeye imiti yavuzwe hepfo, reba igice cyo kuvura.

Kuvura ikibyimba cya Wilms gisubiramo gishobora kuba gikubiyemo:

  • Gukomatanya imiti, kubaga, hamwe no kuvura imirasire.
  • Gukomatanya chimiotherapie, kubaga, hamwe no kuvura imirasire, bigakurikirwa no gutabara ingirangingo, ukoresheje ingirabuzimafatizo z'amaraso z'umwana.
  • Igeragezwa rya clinique risuzuma icyitegererezo cyibibyimba byumurwayi kugirango hahindurwe gene. Ubwoko bwo kuvura bugenewe umurwayi biterwa n'ubwoko bw'imihindagurikire ya gene.

Kuvura ikibyimba cya rhabdoid gisubiramo impyiko gishobora kubamo:

  • Igeragezwa rya clinique risuzuma icyitegererezo cyibibyimba byumurwayi kugirango hahindurwe gene. Ubwoko bwo kuvura bugenewe umurwayi biterwa n'ubwoko bw'imihindagurikire ya gene.

Kuvura sarcoma ya selile isobanutse yimpyiko irashobora kubamo:

  • Gukomatanya chimiotherapie, kubaga kugirango ukureho ikibyimba (niba bishoboka), na / cyangwa kuvura imirasire.
  • Igeragezwa rya clinique risuzuma icyitegererezo cyibibyimba byumurwayi kugirango hahindurwe gene. Ubwoko bwo kuvura bugenewe umurwayi biterwa n'ubwoko bw'imihindagurikire ya gene.

Ubuvuzi bwa mesoblastique ivuka inshuro nyinshi nephroma irashobora kubamo:

  • Gukomatanya imiti, kubaga, hamwe no kuvura imirasire.
  • Igeragezwa rya clinique risuzuma icyitegererezo cyibibyimba byumurwayi kugirango hahindurwe gene. Ubwoko bwo kuvura bugenewe umurwayi biterwa n'ubwoko bw'imihindagurikire ya gene.
  • Ikigeragezo cyamavuriro yubuvuzi bugamije (LOXO-101 cyangwa entrectinib).

Kuvura ibindi bibyimba byo mu bwana bikunze kugaragara mubigeragezo byamavuriro.

Koresha ubushakashatsi bwamavuriro kugirango ushakishe NCI ifashwa na kanseri ivura abarwayi. Urashobora gushakisha ibigeragezo ukurikije ubwoko bwa kanseri, imyaka yumurwayi, n’aho ibizamini bikorerwa. Amakuru rusange yerekeye ibizamini byamavuriro nayo arahari.

Kumenya byinshi kubyerekeranye na Wilms Tumor nibindi Byana Byimpyiko

Ushaka amakuru menshi yikigo cyigihugu cya kanseri kubyerekeye ikibyimba cya Wilms nibindi bibyimba byo mu bwana, reba ibi bikurikira:

  • Kanseri y'impyiko Urupapuro
  • Kubara Tomografiya (CT) Gusikana na Kanseri
  • Ibiyobyabwenge Byemewe kuri Wilms Tumor hamwe na Kanseri Yimpyiko Yabana
  • Immunotherapy yo kuvura Kanseri
  • Kwipimisha genetike ya Syndromes Yarazwe Kanseri

Kubindi bisobanuro bya kanseri yo mu bwana hamwe nubundi buryo rusange bwa kanseri, reba ibi bikurikira:

  • Ibyerekeye Kanseri
  • Kanseri yo mu bwana
  • Umuti wo Gushakisha Kanseri Yabana Kureka
  • Ingaruka Zitinze Kuvura Kanseri Yabana
  • Ingimbi n'abangavu bafite kanseri
  • Abana barwaye Kanseri: Imfashanyigisho ku babyeyi
  • Kanseri mu bana n'ingimbi
  • Gutegura
  • Guhangana na Kanseri
  • Ibibazo byo Kubaza Muganga wawe kuri Kanseri
  • Abacitse ku icumu n'abarezi


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