Ubwoko / umutwe-nijosi / umurwayi / umuntu mukuru / paranasal-sinus-kuvura-pdq

Paranasal Sinus na Nasal Cavity Kuvura Kanseri (Abakuze) Versi

Amakuru Rusange Yerekeye Kanseri ya Paranasal na Kanseri Yizuru

INGINGO Z'INGENZI

• Kanseri ya Paranasal na kanseri yo mu mazuru ni indwara aho ingirabuzimafatizo mbi (kanseri) ziba mu ngingo za sinus za paranasal na cavit izuru.

• Ubwoko butandukanye bw'utugingo ngengabuzima muri paranasal sinus no mu mazuru birashobora kuba bibi.

• Guhura n’imiti cyangwa ivumbi mu kazi birashobora kongera ibyago bya sinus paranasal na kanseri yo mu mazuru.

• Ibimenyetso nibimenyetso bya paranasal sinus na kanseri yo mu mazuru harimo ibibazo bya sinus no kuva amaraso.

• Ibizamini bisuzuma sinus na cavite yizuru bikoreshwa mugupima paranasal sinus na kanseri yizuru.

• Ibintu bimwe bigira ingaruka kubitekerezo (amahirwe yo gukira) hamwe nuburyo bwo kuvura.

Kanseri ya Paranasal na kanseri yo mu mazuru ni indwara aho ingirabuzimafatizo mbi (kanseri) ziba mu ngingo za sinus za paranasal na cavit izuru.

Sinus ya Paranasal

"Paranasal" bisobanura hafi yizuru. Para sinus ni ubusa, yuzuye umwuka mumagufwa azengurutse izuru. Sinus zuzuyemo selile zikora mucus, zituma imbere yizuru ridakama mugihe cyo guhumeka.

Anatomy ya sinus ya paranasal (umwanya uri hagati yamagufwa azengurutse izuru).

Hano hari para sinus nyinshi yitiriwe amagufwa azengurutse:

• Sinus y'imbere iri mu gahanga ko hepfo hejuru yizuru.

• Sinus ya maxillary iri mumatama kumpande zombi zizuru.

• Sinus ya Ethmoid iri iruhande rwo hejuru, hagati y'amaso.

• Sinus ya sphenoid iri inyuma yizuru, hagati ya gihanga.

Umuyoboro w'amazuru

Izuru rifungura mu cyuho cy'amazuru, kigabanijwemo ibice bibiri. Umwuka unyura muri ibi bice mugihe cyo guhumeka. Umuyoboro w'amazuru uryamye hejuru yamagufwa agize igisenge cyumunwa kandi akunama inyuma kugirango ahuze umuhogo. Agace kari imbere yizuru bita vestibule yizuru. Agace gato ka selile zidasanzwe mugisenge cya buri gice cyizuru cyohereza ibimenyetso mubwonko kugirango bitange impumuro nziza.

Hamwe na sinus ya paranasal hamwe nuyunguruzo rwizuru hanyuma ushushe umwuka, hanyuma ubigire ubuhehere mbere yuko bijya mubihaha. Kugenda kwumwuka unyuze muri sinus nibindi bice bya sisitemu yubuhumekero bifasha gukora amajwi yo kuvuga.

Paranasal sinus na kanseri yo mu mazuru ni ubwoko bwa kanseri yo mu mutwe no mu ijosi.

Ubwoko butandukanye bw'utugingo ngengabuzima muri paranasal sinus no mu mazuru birashobora kuba bibi.

Ubwoko bwa paranasal sinus na kanseri yo mu mazuru ni kanseri y'udukoko. Ubu bwoko bwa kanseri bukora mu ngirabuzimafatizo zoroheje, ziringaniye imbere imbere ya sinus ya paranasal na cavit ya mazuru.

Ubundi bwoko bwa paranasal sinus na kanseri yo mu mazuru harimo ibi bikurikira:

• Melanoma: Kanseri itangirira mu ngirabuzimafatizo yitwa melanocytes, selile zitanga uruhu ibara ryarwo.

• Sarcomas: Kanseri itangirira mumitsi cyangwa ingirangingo.

• Guhindura papilloma: Ibibyimba byiza bibera mumazuru. Umubare muto muribi bihinduka kanseri.

• Hagati ya granuloma: Kanseri yinyama mugice cyo hagati.

Guhura n’imiti cyangwa ivumbi mu kazi birashobora kongera ibyago bya sinus paranasal na kanseri yo mu mazuru.

Ikintu cyose cyongera amahirwe yo kwandura indwara cyitwa impanuka. Kugira ibintu bishobora guteza ibyago ntibisobanura ko uzarwara kanseri; kutagira ibyago bishobora gusobanura ko utazarwara kanseri. Vugana na muganga wawe niba utekereza ko ushobora guhura n'akaga. Impamvu zishobora gutera sinus paranasal na kanseri yo mu mazuru harimo ibi bikurikira:

• Guhura nimiti imwe nimwe mukazi cyangwa ivumbi, nkibisangwa mubikorwa bikurikira:

• Gukora ibikoresho.

• Sawmill akazi.

• Gukora ibiti (ububaji).

• Inkweto.

• Isahani.

• Uruganda rukora ifu cyangwa imigati.

• Kwandura papillomavirus ya muntu (HPV).

• Kuba umugabo kandi urengeje imyaka 40.

• Kunywa itabi.

Ibimenyetso nibimenyetso bya paranasal sinus na kanseri yo mu mazuru harimo ibibazo bya sinus no kuva amaraso.

Ibi bimenyetso nibindi bimenyetso bishobora guterwa na paranasal sinus na kanseri yo mu mazuru cyangwa nibindi bihe. Ntabwo hashobora kubaho ibimenyetso cyangwa ibimenyetso mubyiciro byambere. Ibimenyetso nibimenyetso bishobora kugaragara uko ikibyimba gikura. Menyesha umuganga wawe niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bikurikira:

• Guhagarika sinus idasobanutse, cyangwa igitutu cya sinus.

• Kubabara umutwe cyangwa kubabara mubice bya sinus.

• Amazuru atemba.

• Amazuru.

• Ikibyimba cyangwa ububabare imbere yizuru ridakira.

• Ikibyimba mumaso cyangwa hejuru yinzu.

• Kwinuba cyangwa gutitira mu maso.

• Kubyimba cyangwa ibindi bibazo n'amaso, nko kureba kabiri cyangwa amaso yerekeza mubyerekezo bitandukanye.

• Kubabara mu menyo yo hejuru, amenyo arekuye, cyangwa amenyo atagihuye neza.

• Kubabara cyangwa igitutu mu gutwi.

Ibizamini bisuzuma sinus na cavite yizuru bikoreshwa mugupima paranasal sinus na kanseri yizuru.

Ibizamini hamwe nuburyo bukurikira birashobora gukoreshwa:

• Ikizamini cyumubiri namateka yubuzima: Ikizamini cyumubiri kugirango ugenzure ibimenyetso rusange byubuzima, harimo no gusuzuma ibimenyetso byindwara, nkibibyimba cyangwa ikindi kintu cyose gisa nkidasanzwe. Hazafatwa kandi amateka yubuzima bwumurwayi nindwara zashize hamwe nubuvuzi.

• Ikizamini cyumubiri cyizuru, mumaso, nijosi: Ikizamini umuganga areba mumazuru akoresheje indorerwamo ntoya, ifite amaboko maremare kugira ngo agenzure ahantu hadasanzwe kandi agenzure mu maso no mu ijosi kubyimba cyangwa kubyimba lymph node.

• X-imirasire yumutwe nijosi: X-ray ni ubwoko bwingufu zamashanyarazi zishobora kunyura mumubiri no kuri firime, zigakora ishusho yibice biri mumubiri.

• MRI . Ubu buryo bwitwa kandi magnetic magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI).

• CT scan (CAT scan): Uburyo bukora urukurikirane rwamashusho arambuye yibice byimbere mumubiri, byafashwe muburyo butandukanye. Amashusho yakozwe na mudasobwa ihujwe na mashini ya x-ray. Irangi rishobora guterwa mumitsi cyangwa kumirwa kugirango bifashe ingingo cyangwa ingirangingo kugaragara neza. Ubu buryo nabwo bwitwa computing tomografiya, tomografiya ya mudasobwa, cyangwa mudasobwa ya axial tomografiya.

• Biopsy: Gukuraho ingirabuzimafatizo cyangwa ingirangingo kugirango zishobore kurebwa munsi ya microscope na patologue kugirango barebe ibimenyetso bya kanseri. Hariho ubwoko butatu bwa biopsy:

• Ibyifuzo bya inshinge nziza (FNA) biopsy: Gukuraho tissue cyangwa fluid ukoresheje urushinge ruto.

• Biopsy incisional: Gukuraho igice cyagace kitagaragara nkibisanzwe.

• Biopsy idasanzwe: Gukuraho agace kose ka tissue idasa nkibisanzwe.

• Nasoscopy: Uburyo bwo kureba imbere yizuru ahantu hadasanzwe . Nasoscope yinjizwa mumazuru. Nasoscope nigikoresho cyoroshye, gisa nigituba gifite urumuri ninzira yo kureba. Igikoresho kidasanzwe kuri nasoscope kirashobora gukoreshwa mugukuraho ingero za tissue. Ingero za tissue zirebwa na microscope na psychologue kugirango barebe ibimenyetso bya kanseri.

• Laryngoscopy: Uburyo umuganga asuzuma inzara (agasanduku k'ijwi) akoresheje indorerwamo cyangwa laryngoscope kugira ngo agenzure ahantu hadasanzwe. Laryngoscope ni igikoresho cyoroshye, kimeze nk'igikoresho gifite urumuri na lens yo kureba imbere mu muhogo no mu gasanduku k'ijwi. Irashobora kandi kugira igikoresho cyo gukuraho ingero za tissue, zisuzumwa munsi ya microscope kugirango ibimenyetso bya kanseri.

Ibintu bimwe bigira ingaruka kubitekerezo (amahirwe yo gukira) hamwe nuburyo bwo kuvura.

Amahitamo yo kuvura no kuvura biterwa nibi bikurikira:

• Aho ikibyimba kiri muri paranasal sinus cyangwa mu mazuru kandi niba yarakwirakwiriye.

• Ingano yikibyimba.

• Ubwoko bwa kanseri.

• Imyaka yumurwayi nubuzima rusange.

• Niba kanseri imaze gupimwa cyangwa yagarutse (garuka).

Kanseri ya Paranasal na kanseri yo mu mazuru yakwirakwiriye mugihe basuzumye kandi bigoye gukira. Nyuma yo kuvurwa, ubuzima bwawe bwose bwo gukurikirana no kwitonda ni ngombwa kuko hari ibyago byinshi byo kwandura kanseri ya kabiri mumutwe cyangwa ijosi.

Ibyiciro bya Paranasal Sinus na Kanseri Yizuru

INGINGO Z'INGENZI

• Nyuma yo gupimwa kanseri ya paranasal na kanseri yo mu mazuru, hakozwe ibizamini kugira ngo hamenyekane niba kanseri ya kanseri yakwirakwiriye muri sinus ya paranasal no mu kiziba cy'izuru cyangwa mu bindi bice by'umubiri.

• Hariho uburyo butatu kanseri ikwirakwira mu mubiri.

• Kanseri irashobora gukwirakwira aho yatangiriye no mu bindi bice byumubiri.

• Nta buryo busanzwe bwo kubika kanseri ya sphenoide na sinus y'imbere.

• Ibyiciro bikurikira bikoreshwa kuri kanseri ya sinus maxillary:

• Icyiciro 0 (Carcinoma muri Situ)

• Icyiciro I.

• Icyiciro cya II

• Icyiciro cya III

• Icyiciro cya IV

• Ibyiciro bikurikira bikoreshwa mukuziba kwizuru na kanseri ya sinus ya Ethmoid:

• Icyiciro 0 (Carcinoma muri Situ)

• Icyiciro I.

• Icyiciro cya II

• Icyiciro cya III

• Icyiciro cya IV

• Nyuma yo kubagwa, icyiciro cya kanseri kirashobora guhinduka kandi hakenewe ubundi buvuzi.

Nyuma yo gupimwa kanseri ya paranasal na kanseri yo mu mazuru, hakozwe ibizamini kugira ngo hamenyekane niba kanseri ya kanseri yakwirakwiriye muri sinus ya paranasal no mu kiziba cy'izuru cyangwa mu bindi bice by'umubiri.

Inzira ikoreshwa mu kumenya niba kanseri yarakwirakwiriye muri sinus ya paranasal no mu cyuho cyizuru cyangwa mu bindi bice byumubiri byitwa guterana. Amakuru yakusanyirijwe mubikorwa byateguwe agena icyiciro cyindwara. Ni ngombwa kumenya icyiciro kugirango utegure kuvura. Ibizamini hamwe nuburyo bukurikira birashobora gukoreshwa mugutegura:

• Endoscopi: Uburyo bwo kureba ingingo nuduce twimbere mumubiri kugirango tumenye ahantu hadasanzwe. Endoscope yinjizwa mu gufungura umubiri, nk'izuru cyangwa umunwa. Endoscope nigikoresho cyoroshye, kimeze nkigikoresho gifite urumuri na lens yo kureba. Irashobora kandi kuba ifite igikoresho cyo gukuraho ingirangingo cyangwa lymph node ntangarugero, zisuzumwa munsi ya microscope kugirango ibimenyetso byindwara.

• CT scan (CAT scan): Uburyo bukora urukurikirane rwamashusho arambuye yibice byimbere mumubiri, byafashwe muburyo butandukanye. Amashusho yakozwe na mudasobwa ihujwe na mashini ya x-ray. Irangi rishobora guterwa mumitsi cyangwa kumirwa kugirango bifashe ingingo cyangwa ingirangingo kugaragara neza. Ubu buryo nabwo bwitwa computing tomografiya, tomografiya ya mudasobwa, cyangwa mudasobwa ya axial tomografiya.

• Isanduku x-ray: X-ray yingingo namagufwa imbere yigituza. X-ray ni ubwoko bwingufu zishobora kunyura mumubiri no kuri firime, bigakora ishusho yibice byumubiri.

• MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) hamwe na gadolinium: Uburyo bukoresha rukuruzi, imiraba ya radio, na mudasobwa mugukora urukurikirane rwamashusho arambuye yibice byumubiri. Rimwe na rimwe, ikintu cyitwa gadolinium cyatewe mu mitsi. Gadolinium ikusanyiriza hafi ya kanseri ya kanseri kugirango igaragare neza ku ishusho. Ubu buryo bwitwa kandi magnetic magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI).

• PET scan (positron emission tomografi scan): Uburyo bwo kubona selile mbi yibibyimba mumubiri. Umubare muto wa glucose ikora radio (isukari) yatewe mumitsi. PET scaneri izenguruka umubiri kandi ikora ishusho yerekana aho glucose ikoreshwa mumubiri. Utugingo ngengabuzima twibibyimba twerekana neza cyane ku ishusho kuko zikora cyane kandi zifata glucose nyinshi kuruta selile zisanzwe.

• Gusikana amagufwa: Uburyo bwo kugenzura niba mu magufwa hari selile zigabanya vuba, nka selile kanseri. Umubare muto cyane wibikoresho bya radio bitera mumitsi kandi bikanyura mumaraso. Ibikoresho bya radiyoyakusanyiriza mu magufa hamwe na kanseri kandi bigaragazwa na scaneri.

Hariho uburyo butatu kanseri ikwirakwira mu mubiri.

Kanseri irashobora gukwirakwira binyuze mu ngingo, sisitemu ya lymph, n'amaraso:

• Tissue. Kanseri ikwirakwira aho yatangiriye ikurira mu turere twegereye.

• Sisitemu ya Lymph. Kanseri ikwirakwira aho yatangiriye yinjira muri sisitemu ya lymph. Kanseri inyura mu mitsi ya lymph igana mu bindi bice by'umubiri.

• Amaraso. Kanseri ikwirakwira aho yatangiriye yinjira mu maraso. Kanseri inyura mu mitsi y'amaraso igana mu bindi bice by'umubiri.

Kanseri irashobora gukwirakwira aho yatangiriye no mu bindi bice byumubiri.

Iyo kanseri ikwirakwira mu kindi gice cy'umubiri, yitwa metastasis. Ingirabuzimafatizo za kanseri zitandukana aho zatangiriye (ikibyimba kibanza) zikanyura muri sisitemu ya lymph cyangwa maraso.

• Sisitemu ya Lymph. Kanseri yinjira muri sisitemu ya lymph, ikanyura mu mitsi ya lymph, igakora ikibyimba (ikibyimba metastatike) mu kindi gice cy'umubiri.

• Amaraso. Kanseri yinjira mu maraso, ikanyura mu mitsi y'amaraso, igakora ikibyimba (ikibyimba metastatike) mu kindi gice cy'umubiri.

Ikibyimba metastatike nubwoko bumwe bwa kanseri nkibibyimba byibanze. Kurugero, niba kanseri yo mu mazuru ikwirakwira mu bihaha, selile ya kanseri mu bihaha ni selile kanseri yo mu mazuru. Indwara ni kanseri yo mu mazuru metastatike, ntabwo ari kanseri y'ibihaha.

Nta buryo busanzwe bwo kubika kanseri ya sphenoide na sinus y'imbere.

Icyiciro cyasobanuwe hano hepfo kuri sinus ya maxillary na Ethmoid na cavite yizuru ikoreshwa gusa kubarwayi batigeze bakuramo lymph node mu ijosi bagasuzuma ibimenyetso bya kanseri

Ingano ya Tumor ikunze gupimwa muri santimetero (cm) cyangwa santimetero. Ibiribwa bisanzwe bishobora gukoreshwa mu kwerekana ubunini bwikibyimba muri cm harimo: amashaza (cm 1), ibishyimbo (cm 2), umuzabibu (cm 3), walnut (cm 4), lime (cm 5 cyangwa 2 santimetero), igi (cm 6), amashaza (cm 7), n'imbuto (cm 10 cyangwa santimetero 4).

Ibyiciro bikurikira bikoreshwa kuri kanseri ya sinus maxillary:

Icyiciro 0 (Carcinoma muri Situ)

Mu cyiciro cya 0, selile zidasanzwe ziboneka mumyanya ndangagitsina iri muri sinus ya maxillary. Utugingo ngengabuzima tudasanzwe dushobora guhinduka kanseri tugakwirakwira mu ngingo zisanzwe. Icyiciro cya 0 nanone bita kanseri mu mwanya.

Icyiciro I.

Mu cyiciro cya I, kanseri yabayeho mu mucyo wa sinus ya maxillary.

Icyiciro cya II

Mu cyiciro cya II, kanseri yakwirakwiriye mu magufa azengurutse sinus ya maxillary, harimo igisenge cy'umunwa n'izuru, ariko ntabwo igufa inyuma ya sinus ya maxillary cyangwa igice cy'amagufwa ya sphenoide inyuma y'urwasaya rwo hejuru.

Icyiciro cya III

Mu cyiciro cya III, kanseri yakwirakwiriye muri kimwe muri ibi bikurikira:

• Amagufwa inyuma ya sinus ya maxillary.

• Uturemangingo munsi y'uruhu.

• Igice cyijisho ryijisho hafi yizuru cyangwa munsi yijisho ryijisho.

• Agace kari inyuma yamagufwa yumusaya.

• Ethmoid sinus.

cyangwa

Kanseri iboneka muri sinus ya maxillary kandi ishobora kuba yarakwirakwiriye muri kimwe muri ibi bikurikira:

• Amagufwa akikije sinus ya maxillary, harimo igisenge cyumunwa nizuru.

• Uturemangingo munsi y'uruhu.

• Igice cyijisho ryijisho hafi yizuru cyangwa munsi yijisho ryijisho.

• Agace kari inyuma yamagufwa yumusaya.

• Ethmoid sinus.

Kanseri nayo yakwirakwiriye kuri lymph node imwe kuruhande rwijosi na kanseri, naho lymph node ni santimetero 3 cyangwa nto.

Icyiciro cya IV

Icyiciro cya IV kigabanyijemo ibyiciro IVA, IVB, na IVC.

Icyiciro cya IVA

Mu cyiciro cya IVA, kanseri yakwirakwiriye muri kimwe muri ibi bikurikira:

• Ijisho.

• Uruhu rw'umusaya.

• Igice cy'amagufwa ya sphenoide inyuma y'urwasaya rwo hejuru.

• Agace kari inyuma y'urwasaya rwo hejuru.

• Igufwa riri hagati y'amaso.

• Shenoid cyangwa sinus imbere.

Kanseri ishobora no gukwirakwira kuri lymph node imwe kuruhande rumwe rw'ijosi na kanseri, kandi lymph node ni santimetero 3 cyangwa nto.

cyangwa

Kanseri iboneka muri sinus ya maxillary kandi ishobora kuba yarakwirakwiriye muri kimwe muri ibi bikurikira:

• Amagufwa akikije sinus ya maxillary, harimo igisenge cyumunwa nizuru.

• Igufwa riri hagati y'amaso.

• Uturemangingo munsi y'uruhu.

• Uruhu rw'umusaya.

• Ijisho, igice cyijisho ryijisho hafi yizuru, cyangwa munsi yijisho ryijisho.

• Agace kari inyuma yamagufwa yumusaya.

• Igice cy'amagufwa ya sphenoide inyuma y'urwasaya rwo hejuru.

• Agace kari inyuma y'urwasaya rwo hejuru.

• Ethmoid, sphenoid, cyangwa sinus imbere.

Kanseri nayo yakwirakwiriye muri kimwe muri ibi bikurikira:

• lymph node imwe kuruhande rumwe rw'ijosi na kanseri na lymph node iruta santimetero 3 ariko ntirenze santimetero 6; cyangwa

• birenze lymph node kuruhande rumwe rwijosi nka kanseri na lymph node ntabwo irenze santimetero 6; cyangwa

• lymph node kumpande zinyuranye zijosi nka kanseri cyangwa kumpande zombi zijosi, kandi lymph node ntabwo irenze santimetero 6.

Icyiciro IVB

Mu cyiciro cya IVB, kanseri yakwirakwiriye muri kimwe muri ibi bikurikira:

• Agace kari inyuma yijisho.

• Ubwonko.

• Ibice byo hagati bya gihanga.

• Imitsi itangirira mu bwonko ikajya mumaso, ijosi, nibindi bice byubwonko (nervice cranial).

• Igice cyo hejuru cyumuhogo inyuma yizuru.

• Intangiriro ya gihanga hafi yumugongo.

Kanseri irashobora kandi gukwirakwira kuri lymph node imwe cyangwa nyinshi zingana, ahantu hose mu ijosi.

cyangwa

Kanseri irashobora kuboneka ahantu hose cyangwa hafi ya sinus ya maxillary. Kanseri yakwirakwiriye kuri lymph node irenze santimetero 6 cyangwa ikwirakwira mu gifuniko cyo hanze cya lymph node mu ngingo zegeranye.

Icyiciro cya IVC

Mu cyiciro cya IVC, kanseri irashobora kuboneka ahantu hose cyangwa hafi ya sinus ya maxillary, ishobora kuba yarakwirakwiriye kuri lymph node, kandi ikwirakwira mu ngingo ziri kure ya sinus nini, nk'ibihaha.

Ibyiciro bikurikira bikoreshwa mukuziba kwizuru na kanseri ya sinus ya Ethmoid:

Icyiciro 0 (Carcinoma muri Situ)

Mu cyiciro cya 0, selile zidasanzwe ziboneka mumyanya ndangagitsina iri mu cyuho cyizuru cyangwa sinus ya Ethmoid. Utugingo ngengabuzima tudasanzwe dushobora guhinduka kanseri tugakwirakwira mu ngingo zisanzwe. Icyiciro cya 0 nanone bita kanseri mu mwanya.

Icyiciro I.

Mu cyiciro cya I, kanseri yarakozwe kandi iboneka mu gace kamwe konyine ko mu mazuru cyangwa sinus ya Ethmoid kandi ishobora kuba yarakwirakwiriye mu magufa.

Icyiciro cya II

Mu cyiciro cya II, kanseri iboneka mu bice bibiri haba mu cyuho cy'izuru cyangwa sinus ya Ethmoid iri hafi, cyangwa kanseri ikwirakwira mu gace kegereye sinus. Kanseri irashobora kandi gukwirakwira mu magufa.

Icyiciro cya III

Mu cyiciro cya III, kanseri yakwirakwiriye muri kimwe muri ibi bikurikira:

• Igice cyijisho ryijisho hafi yizuru cyangwa munsi yijisho ryijisho.

• Sinus.

• Igisenge cy'akanwa.

• Igufwa riri hagati y'amaso.

cyangwa

Kanseri iboneka mu kiziba cy'izuru cyangwa sinus ya Ethmoid kandi ishobora kuba yarakwirakwiriye muri kimwe muri ibi bikurikira:

• Igice cyijisho ryijisho hafi yizuru cyangwa munsi yijisho ryijisho.

• Sinus.

• Igisenge cy'akanwa.

• Igufwa riri hagati y'amaso.

Kanseri nayo yakwirakwiriye kuri lymph node imwe kuruhande rwijosi na kanseri, naho lymph node ni santimetero 3 cyangwa nto.

Icyiciro cya IV

Icyiciro cya IV kigabanyijemo ibyiciro IVA, IVB, na IVC.

Icyiciro cya IVA

Mu cyiciro cya IVA, kanseri yakwirakwiriye muri kimwe muri ibi bikurikira:

• Ijisho.

• Uruhu rwizuru cyangwa umusaya.

• Ibice by'imbere bya gihanga.

• Igice cy'amagufwa ya sphenoide inyuma y'urwasaya rwo hejuru.

• Shenoid cyangwa sinus imbere.

Kanseri ishobora no gukwirakwira kuri lymph node imwe kuruhande rumwe rw'ijosi na kanseri, kandi lymph node ni santimetero 3 cyangwa nto.

cyangwa

Kanseri iboneka mu kiziba cy'izuru cyangwa sinus ya Ethmoid kandi ishobora kuba yarakwirakwiriye muri kimwe muri ibi bikurikira:

• Ijisho, igice cyijisho ryijisho hafi yizuru, cyangwa munsi yijisho ryijisho.

• Uruhu rwizuru cyangwa umusaya.

• Ibice by'imbere bya gihanga.

• Igice cy'amagufwa ya sphenoide inyuma y'urwasaya rwo hejuru.

• Shenoid cyangwa sinus imbere.

Kanseri nayo yakwirakwiriye muri kimwe muri ibi bikurikira:

• lymph node imwe kuruhande rumwe rw'ijosi na kanseri na lymph node iruta santimetero 3 ariko ntirenze santimetero 6; cyangwa

• birenze lymph node kuruhande rumwe rwijosi nka kanseri na lymph node ntabwo irenze santimetero 6; cyangwa

• lymph node kumpande zinyuranye zijosi nka kanseri cyangwa kumpande zombi zijosi, kandi lymph node ntabwo irenze santimetero 6.

Icyiciro IVB

Mu cyiciro cya IVB, kanseri yakwirakwiriye muri kimwe muri ibi bikurikira:

• Agace kari inyuma yijisho.

• Ubwonko.

• Ibice byo hagati bya gihanga.

• Imitsi itangirira mu bwonko ikajya mumaso, ijosi, nibindi bice byubwonko (nervice cranial).

• Igice cyo hejuru cyumuhogo inyuma yizuru.

• Intangiriro ya gihanga hafi yumugongo.

Kanseri irashobora kandi gukwirakwira kuri lymph node imwe cyangwa nyinshi zingana, ahantu hose mu ijosi.

cyangwa

Kanseri irashobora kuboneka ahantu hose cyangwa hafi yizuru ryizuru na sinema ya Ethmoid. Kanseri yakwirakwiriye kuri lymph node irenze santimetero 6 cyangwa ikwirakwira mu gifuniko cyo hanze cya lymph node mu ngingo zegeranye.

Icyiciro cya IVC

Mu cyiciro cya IVC, kanseri irashobora kuboneka ahantu hose cyangwa hafi yizuru ryizuru na Ethmoid sinus, ishobora kuba yarakwirakwiriye mu mitsi ya lymph, kandi ikwirakwira mu ngingo ziri kure y’izuru na sinus ya Ethmoid, nk'ibihaha.

Nyuma yo kubagwa, icyiciro cya kanseri kirashobora guhinduka kandi hakenewe ubundi buvuzi.

Niba kanseri ikuweho no kubagwa, umuhanga mu bumenyi bw'indwara azasuzuma icyitegererezo cy'umubiri wa kanseri munsi ya microscope. Rimwe na rimwe, isuzuma ry’indwara z’indwara zitera impinduka ku cyiciro cya kanseri kandi hakenewe ubundi buvuzi nyuma yo kubagwa.

Isubiramo rya Paranasal Sinus na Kanseri Yizuru

Indwara ya paranasal sinus na kanseri yo mu mazuru ni kanseri yagarutse (garuka) nyuma yo kuvurwa. Kanseri irashobora kugaruka muri sinus ya paranasal no mu cyuho cyizuru cyangwa mubindi bice byumubiri.

Incamake yo kuvura

INGINGO Z'INGENZI

• Hariho uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura abarwayi barwaye paranasal sinus na kanseri yo mu mazuru.

• Abarwayi barwaye sinus ya paranasal na kanseri yo mu mazuru bagomba guteganya ubuvuzi bwabo bwateguwe nitsinda ryabaganga bafite ubuhanga bwo kuvura kanseri yo mumutwe no mu ijosi.

• Ubwoko butatu bwo kuvura busanzwe bukoreshwa:

• Kubaga

• Imiti ivura imirasire

• Chimoterapi

• Ubwoko bushya bwo kuvura burimo kugeragezwa mubigeragezo byamavuriro.

• Umuti wa paranasal sinus na kanseri yo mu mazuru irashobora gutera ingaruka.

• Abarwayi barashobora kwifuza gutekereza kubijyanye no kwipimisha kwa muganga.

• Abarwayi barashobora kwipimisha kwa muganga mbere, mugihe, cyangwa nyuma yo gutangira kuvura kanseri.

• Ibizamini byo gukurikirana birashobora gukenerwa.

Hariho uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura abarwayi barwaye paranasal sinus na kanseri yo mu mazuru.

Ubwoko butandukanye bwo kuvura burahari kubarwayi barwaye paranasal sinus na kanseri yizuru. Bumwe mu buryo busanzwe (ubuvuzi bukoreshwa ubu), kandi bumwe burimo kugeragezwa mubigeragezo byamavuriro. Ikigeragezo kivura ni ubushakashatsi bwakozwe bugamije gufasha kunoza imiti igezweho cyangwa kubona amakuru ku buvuzi bushya ku barwayi ba kanseri. Iyo ibizamini byo kwa muganga byerekana ko ubuvuzi bushya buruta ubuvuzi busanzwe, ubuvuzi bushya bushobora kuba ubuvuzi busanzwe. Abarwayi barashobora kwifuza gutekereza kubijyanye no kwipimisha kwa muganga. Ibigeragezo bimwe na bimwe bivura abarwayi batatangiye kwivuza.

Abarwayi barwaye sinus ya paranasal na kanseri yo mu mazuru bagomba guteganya ubuvuzi bwabo bwateguwe nitsinda ryabaganga bafite ubuhanga bwo kuvura kanseri yo mumutwe no mu ijosi.

Ubuvuzi buzakurikiranwa n’umuganga wa oncologue, umuganga kabuhariwe mu kuvura abantu barwaye kanseri. Umuganga wa oncologue akorana nabandi baganga b'inzobere mu kuvura abarwayi ba kanseri yo mu mutwe no mu ijosi kandi bazobereye mu bice bimwe na bimwe by'ubuvuzi no gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe. Abarwayi bafite paranasal sinus na kanseri yo mu mazuru barashobora gukenera ubufasha bwihariye muguhindura ibibazo byo guhumeka cyangwa izindi ngaruka za kanseri no kuyivura. Niba havanywemo umubare munini winyama cyangwa amagufwa azengurutse sinus ya paranasal cyangwa cavit ya mazuru, hashobora kubagwa plastike kugirango hasanwe cyangwa hubakwe aho hantu. Itsinda rishinzwe kuvura rishobora kubamo inzobere zikurikira:

• Imirasire ya oncologue.

• Neurologue.

• Kubaga umunwa cyangwa kubaga umutwe nijosi.

• Umuganga ubaga plastique.

• Amenyo.

• Inzobere mu mirire.

• Imvugo n'indimi.

• Inzobere mu gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe.

Ubwoko butatu bwo kuvura busanzwe bukoreshwa:

Kubaga

Kubaga (gukuraho kanseri mu gikorwa) ni ubuvuzi busanzwe ku byiciro byose bya sinus ya paranasal na kanseri yo mu mazuru. Muganga arashobora gukuraho kanseri hamwe na tissue nziza hamwe namagufwa bikikije kanseri. Niba kanseri imaze gukwirakwira, umuganga arashobora gukuramo lymph node hamwe nizindi ngingo zo mu ijosi.

Muganga amaze gukuraho kanseri zose zishobora kugaragara mugihe cyo kubagwa, abarwayi bamwe bashobora guhabwa chimiotherapie cyangwa imiti ivura imirasire nyuma yo kubagwa kugirango bice selile zose zisigaye. Umuti watanzwe nyuma yo kubagwa, kugirango ugabanye ibyago ko kanseri izagaruka, byitwa kuvura indwara.

Imiti ivura imirasire

Imishwarara ivura ni imiti ikoresha kanseri ikoresha ingufu nyinshi za x-imirasire cyangwa ubundi bwoko bwimirasire yica kanseri cyangwa ikabuza gukura. Hariho ubwoko bubiri bwo kuvura imirasire:

• Imiti ivura hanze ikoresha imashini hanze yumubiri kugirango yohereze imirasire kuri kanseri. Igipimo cyuzuye cyo kuvura imirasire rimwe na rimwe kigabanyijemo ibice bito, bingana gutangwa mugihe cyiminsi myinshi. Ibi byitwa gucamo ibice.

Imishwarara yo hanze-beam ivura umutwe nijosi. Imashini ikoreshwa mugushaka imirasire yingufu nyinshi kuri kanseri. Imashini irashobora kuzenguruka umurwayi, igatanga imirasire iturutse impande nyinshi zitandukanye kugirango itange imiti ihuye cyane. Mask ya mesh ifasha kurinda umutwe w ijosi umurwayi kugenda mugihe cyo kuvura. Ibimenyetso bito bya wino bishyirwa kuri mask. Ibimenyetso bya wino bikoreshwa mugutondekanya imashini imirasire mumwanya umwe mbere yubuvuzi.

• Imiti ivura imbere ikoresha ibintu bifata radiyo bifunze inshinge, imbuto, insinga, cyangwa catheteri bishyirwa muri kanseri cyangwa hafi yayo.

Uburyo imiti ivura imirasire itangwa biterwa n'ubwoko bwa kanseri ivurwa. Imiti ivura hanze n'imbere ikoreshwa mu kuvura kanseri ya paranasal na kanseri yo mu mazuru.

Imiti ivura hanze ya tiroyide cyangwa glande ya pituito irashobora guhindura uburyo glande ya tiroyide ikora. Urwego rwa hormone ya tiroyide mu maraso irashobora gupimwa mbere na nyuma yo kuvurwa.

Chimoterapi

Chimoterapi ni umuti wa kanseri ukoresha ibiyobyabwenge kugirango uhagarike imikurire ya kanseri, haba mu kwica selile cyangwa kubabuza gutandukana. Iyo chimiotherapie ifashwe numunwa cyangwa igaterwa mumitsi cyangwa imitsi, imiti yinjira mumaraso kandi irashobora kugera kanseri ya kanseri mumubiri (chimiotherapie sisitemu). Iyo chimiotherapie ishyizwe mumazi yubwonko, urugingo, cyangwa umwobo wumubiri nkinda, imiti yibasira kanseri ya kanseri muri utwo turere (chimiotherapie yo mukarere). Imiti ya chimiotherapie ni imiti ikoresheje imiti irenze imwe ya anticancer.

Uburyo chimiotherapie itangwa biterwa nubwoko nicyiciro cya kanseri ivurwa.

Reba Ibiyobyabwenge Byemewe Kanseri yo mu mutwe no mu ijosi kubindi bisobanuro. (Paranasal sinus na kanseri yo mu mazuru ni ubwoko bwa kanseri yo mu mutwe no mu ijosi.)

Ubwoko bushya bwo kuvura burimo kugeragezwa mubigeragezo byamavuriro . Amakuru yerekeye ibizamini byamavuriro araboneka kurubuga rwa NCI.

Umuti wa paranasal sinus na kanseri yo mu mazuru irashobora gutera ingaruka.

Kumakuru yingaruka ziterwa no kuvura kanseri, reba urupapuro rwuruhande rwacu.

Abarwayi barashobora kwifuza gutekereza kubijyanye no kwipimisha kwa muganga.

Ku barwayi bamwe, kwitabira ikizamini cyamavuriro birashobora kuba uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura. Ibigeragezo bivura biri mubikorwa byubushakashatsi bwa kanseri. Igeragezwa rya Clinical rikorwa kugirango hamenyekane niba imiti mishya ya kanseri itekanye kandi ifite akamaro cyangwa nziza kuruta ubuvuzi busanzwe.

Benshi mubuvuzi busanzwe bwa kanseri bushingiye kubigeragezo byambere byubuvuzi. Abarwayi bitabiriye kwipimisha barashobora kuvurwa bisanzwe cyangwa kuba mubambere bahawe imiti mishya.

Abarwayi bitabira ibizamini byo kwa muganga nabo bafasha kunoza uburyo kanseri izavurwa mugihe kizaza. Nubwo ibigeragezo bivura bitaganisha ku buvuzi bushya, akenshi basubiza ibibazo byingenzi kandi bigafasha gutera imbere ubushakashatsi.

Abarwayi barashobora kwipimisha kwa muganga mbere, mugihe, cyangwa nyuma yo gutangira kuvura kanseri.

Igeragezwa rimwe na rimwe ririmo abarwayi bataravurwa. Ibindi bigeragezo bipima abarwayi bafite kanseri itameze neza. Hariho kandi ibizamini byo kwa muganga bipima uburyo bushya bwo guhagarika kanseri kongera kugaruka (kugaruka) cyangwa kugabanya ingaruka zo kuvura kanseri.

Igeragezwa rya Clinical ririmo kubera mu bice byinshi by'igihugu. Amakuru yerekeye ibizamini byamavuriro ashyigikiwe na NCI urashobora kubisanga kurubuga rwa NCI. Ibizamini bya Clinical bishyigikiwe nandi mashyirahamwe murashobora kubisanga kurubuga rwa ClinicalTrials.gov.

Ibizamini byo gukurikirana birashobora gukenerwa.

Bimwe mubizamini byakozwe mugupima kanseri cyangwa kumenya icyiciro cya kanseri birashobora gusubirwamo. Ibizamini bimwe bizasubirwamo kugirango harebwe uburyo ubuvuzi bukora neza. Ibyemezo bijyanye no gukomeza, guhindura, cyangwa guhagarika ubuvuzi birashobora gushingira kubisubizo byibi bizamini.

Bimwe mubizamini bizakomeza gukorwa buri gihe nyuma yubuvuzi burangiye. Ibisubizo by'ibi bizamini birashobora kwerekana niba ubuzima bwawe bwarahindutse cyangwa niba kanseri yarongeye (garuka). Ibi bizamini rimwe na rimwe byitwa gukurikirana-ibizamini cyangwa kugenzura.

Kuvura Icyiciro cya I Paranasal Sinus na Kanseri Yizuru

Kumakuru yerekeye imiti yavuzwe hepfo, reba igice cyo kuvura.

Kuvura icyiciro cya I paranasal sinus na kanseri yo mu mazuru biterwa n’aho kanseri iboneka muri sinus ya paranasal no mu cyuho cyizuru:

• Niba kanseri iri muri sinus ya maxillary, kuvura mubisanzwe ni kubagwa cyangwa kuvura imirasire.

• Niba kanseri iri muri sinus ya Ethmoid, kuvura mubisanzwe ni imiti ivura imirasire hamwe na / cyangwa kubaga.

• Niba kanseri iri muri sinus ya sphenoid, kuvura ni kimwe na kanseri ya nasofaryngeal, ubusanzwe ivura imirasire. (Reba incamake ya ku kuvura Kanseri ya Nasopharyngeal (Abakuze) kugira ngo umenye amakuru.)

• Niba kanseri iri mu cyuho cy'amazuru, kuvura ni kubaga no / cyangwa kuvura imirasire.

• Kugirango uhindure papilloma, kuvura mubisanzwe kubagwa cyangwa kutavura imirasire.

• Kuri melanoma na sarcomas, kuvura mubisanzwe kubagwa cyangwa kutagira imiti ivura imirasire hamwe na chimiotherapie.

• Kuri granuloma yo hagati, kuvura ni imiti ivura imirasire.

• Niba kanseri iri muri vestibule yizuru, kuvura mubisanzwe ni kubaga cyangwa kuvura imirasire.

Koresha ubushakashatsi bwamavuriro kugirango ushakishe NCI ifashwa na kanseri ivura abarwayi. Urashobora gushakisha ibigeragezo ukurikije ubwoko bwa kanseri, imyaka yumurwayi, n’aho ibizamini bikorerwa. Amakuru rusange yerekeye ibizamini byamavuriro nayo arahari.

Kuvura Icyiciro cya II Paranasal Sinus na Kanseri yo mu mazuru

Kumakuru yerekeye imiti yavuzwe hepfo, reba igice cyo kuvura.

Kuvura icyiciro cya II paranasal sinus na kanseri yo mu mazuru biterwa n’aho kanseri iboneka muri sinus ya paranasal no mu cyuho cyizuru:

• Niba kanseri iri muri sinus nini, kuvura mubisanzwe ni imiti myinshi ivura imirasire mbere cyangwa nyuma yo kubagwa.

• Niba kanseri iri muri sinus ya Ethmoid, kuvura mubisanzwe ni imiti ivura imirasire hamwe na / cyangwa kubaga.

• Niba kanseri iri muri sinus ya sphenoid, kuvura ni kimwe na kanseri ya nasofaryngeal, ubusanzwe ivura imirasire hamwe na chimiotherapie. (Reba incamake ya ku kuvura Kanseri ya Nasopharyngeal (Abakuze) kugira ngo umenye amakuru.)

• Niba kanseri iri mu cyuho cy'amazuru, kuvura ni kubaga no / cyangwa kuvura imirasire.

• Kugirango uhindure papilloma, kuvura mubisanzwe kubagwa cyangwa kutavura imirasire.

• Kuri melanoma na sarcomas, kuvura mubisanzwe kubagwa cyangwa kutagira imiti ivura imirasire hamwe na chimiotherapie.

• Kuri granuloma yo hagati, kuvura ni imiti ivura imirasire.

• Niba kanseri iri muri vestibule yizuru, kuvura mubisanzwe ni kubaga cyangwa kuvura imirasire.

Koresha ubushakashatsi bwamavuriro kugirango ushakishe NCI ifashwa na kanseri ivura abarwayi. Urashobora gushakisha ibigeragezo ukurikije ubwoko bwa kanseri, imyaka yumurwayi, n’aho ibizamini bikorerwa. Amakuru rusange yerekeye ibizamini byamavuriro nayo arahari.

Kuvura Icyiciro cya III Paranasal Sinus na Kanseri Yizuru

Kumakuru yerekeye imiti yavuzwe hepfo, reba igice cyo kuvura.

Kuvura icyiciro cya III paranasal sinus na kanseri yo mu mazuru biterwa n’aho kanseri iboneka muri sinus ya paranasal no mu cyuho cyizuru.

Niba kanseri iri muri sinus ya maxillary, ubuvuzi bushobora kubamo ibi bikurikira:

• Ubuvuzi bukabije bwimirasire mbere cyangwa nyuma yo kubagwa.

• Igeragezwa rya clinique ivura imirasire igabanijwe mbere cyangwa nyuma yo kubagwa.

Niba kanseri iri muri sinus ya Ethmoid, ubuvuzi bushobora kubamo ibi bikurikira:

• Kubaga bikurikirwa no kuvura imirasire.

• Igeragezwa rya chimiotherapie mbere yo kubagwa cyangwa kuvura imirasire.

• Igeragezwa rya chimiotherapie nyuma yo kubagwa cyangwa ubundi buvuzi bwa kanseri.

Niba kanseri iri muri sinus ya sphenoid, kuvura ni kimwe na kanseri ya nasofaryngeal, ubusanzwe ivura imirasire hamwe na chimiotherapie. (Reba incamake ya ku kuvura Kanseri ya Nasopharyngeal (Abakuze) kugira ngo umenye amakuru.)

Niba kanseri iri mu cyuho cy'amazuru, ubuvuzi bushobora kuba bukubiyemo ibi bikurikira:

• Kubaga no / cyangwa kuvura imirasire.

• Ubuvuzi bwa chimiotherapie hamwe nubuvuzi bwimirasire.

• Igeragezwa rya chimiotherapie mbere yo kubagwa cyangwa kuvura imirasire.

• Igeragezwa rya chimiotherapie nyuma yo kubagwa cyangwa ubundi buvuzi bwa kanseri.

Kugirango uhindure papilloma, kuvura mubisanzwe kubagwa cyangwa kutavura imirasire.

Kuri melanoma na sarcomas, ubuvuzi bushobora kubamo ibi bikurikira:

• Kubaga.

• Imiti ivura imirasire.

• Kubaga, kuvura imirasire, hamwe na chimiotherapie.

Kuri granuloma yo hagati, kuvura ni imiti ivura imirasire.

Niba kanseri iri mu mazuru, kuvura bishobora kuba bikubiyemo ibi bikurikira:

• Imishwarara yo hanze ivura hamwe na / cyangwa imishwarara yimbere imbere hamwe no kubagwa.

• Igeragezwa rya chimiotherapie mbere yo kubagwa cyangwa kuvura imirasire.

• Igeragezwa rya chimiotherapie nyuma yo kubagwa cyangwa ubundi buvuzi bwa kanseri.

Koresha ubushakashatsi bwamavuriro kugirango ushakishe NCI ifashwa na kanseri ivura abarwayi. Urashobora gushakisha ibigeragezo ukurikije ubwoko bwa kanseri, imyaka yumurwayi, n’aho ibizamini bikorerwa. Amakuru rusange yerekeye ibizamini byamavuriro nayo arahari.

Kuvura Icyiciro cya IV Paranasal Sinus na Kanseri Yizuru

Kumakuru yerekeye imiti yavuzwe hepfo, reba igice cyo kuvura.

Kuvura icyiciro cya IV paranasal sinus na kanseri yo mu mazuru biterwa n’aho kanseri iboneka muri sinus ya paranasal no mu cyuho cyizuru.

Niba kanseri iri muri sinus ya maxillary, ubuvuzi bushobora kubamo ibi bikurikira:

• Ubuvuzi bukabije bwimishwarara hamwe cyangwa kubagwa.

• Igeragezwa rya kliniki yo kuvura imirasire igabanijwe.

• Igeragezwa rya chimiotherapie mbere yo kubagwa cyangwa kuvura imirasire.

• Igeragezwa rya chimiotherapie nyuma yo kubagwa cyangwa ubundi buvuzi bwa kanseri.

• Ikigeragezo kivura chimiotherapie hamwe nubuvuzi bwimirasire.

Niba kanseri iri muri sinus ya Ethmoid, ubuvuzi bushobora kubamo ibi bikurikira:

• Imiti ivura imirasire mbere cyangwa nyuma yo kubagwa.

• Ubuvuzi bwa chimiotherapie hamwe nubuvuzi bwimirasire.

• Igeragezwa rya chimiotherapie mbere yo kubagwa cyangwa kuvura imirasire.

• Igeragezwa rya chimiotherapie nyuma yo kubagwa cyangwa ubundi buvuzi bwa kanseri.

• Ikigeragezo kivura chimiotherapie hamwe nubuvuzi bwimirasire.

Niba kanseri iri muri sinus ya sphenoid, kuvura ni kimwe na kanseri ya nasofaryngeal, ubusanzwe ivura imirasire hamwe na chimiotherapie. (Reba incamake ya ku kuvura Kanseri ya Nasopharyngeal (Abakuze) kugira ngo umenye amakuru.)

Niba kanseri iri mu cyuho cy'amazuru, ubuvuzi bushobora kuba bukubiyemo ibi bikurikira:

• Kubaga no / cyangwa kuvura imirasire.

• Ubuvuzi bwa chimiotherapie hamwe nubuvuzi bwimirasire.

• Igeragezwa rya chimiotherapie mbere yo kubagwa cyangwa kuvura imirasire.

• Igeragezwa rya chimiotherapie nyuma yo kubagwa cyangwa ubundi buvuzi bwa kanseri.

Kugirango uhindure papilloma, kuvura mubisanzwe kubagwa cyangwa kutavura imirasire.

Kuri melanoma na sarcomas, ubuvuzi bushobora kubamo ibi bikurikira:

• Kubaga.

• Imiti ivura imirasire.

• Chimoterapi.

Kuri granuloma yo hagati, kuvura ni imiti ivura imirasire.

Niba kanseri iri mu mazuru, kuvura bishobora kuba bikubiyemo ibi bikurikira:

• Imishwarara yo hanze ivura hamwe na / cyangwa imishwarara yimbere imbere hamwe no kubagwa.

• Igeragezwa rya chimiotherapie mbere yo kubagwa cyangwa kuvura imirasire.

• Igeragezwa rya chimiotherapie nyuma yo kubagwa cyangwa ubundi buvuzi bwa kanseri.

• Ikigeragezo kivura chimiotherapie hamwe nubuvuzi bwimirasire.

Koresha ubushakashatsi bwamavuriro kugirango ushakishe NCI ifashwa na kanseri ivura abarwayi. Urashobora gushakisha ibigeragezo ukurikije ubwoko bwa kanseri, imyaka yumurwayi, n’aho ibizamini bikorerwa. Amakuru rusange yerekeye ibizamini byamavuriro nayo arahari.

Umuti wa Sinusi ya Paranasal na Kanseri Yizuru

Kumakuru yerekeye imiti yavuzwe hepfo, reba igice cyo kuvura.

Kuvura kanseri ya paranasal isubirwamo na kanseri yo mu mazuru biterwa n’aho kanseri iboneka muri sinus ya paranasal no mu cyuho cyizuru.

Niba kanseri iri muri sinus ya maxillary, ubuvuzi bushobora kubamo ibi bikurikira:

• Kubaga bikurikirwa no kuvura imirasire.

• Ubuvuzi bwimirase bukurikirwa no kubagwa.

• Chimiotherapie nkubuvuzi bwa palliative kugirango ugabanye ibimenyetso kandi uzamure ubuzima.

• Igeragezwa rya chimiotherapie.

Niba kanseri iri muri sinus ya Ethmoid, ubuvuzi bushobora kubamo ibi bikurikira:

• Kubaga no / cyangwa kuvura imirasire.

• Chimiotherapie nkubuvuzi bwa palliative kugirango ugabanye ibimenyetso kandi uzamure ubuzima.

• Igeragezwa rya chimiotherapie.

Niba kanseri iri muri sinus ya sphenoid, kuvura ni kimwe na kanseri ya nasofaryngeal kandi irashobora no kuvura imirasire hamwe na chimiotherapie cyangwa idafite. (Reba incamake ya ku kuvura Kanseri ya Nasopharyngeal (Abakuze) kugira ngo umenye amakuru.)

Niba kanseri iri mu cyuho cy'amazuru, ubuvuzi bushobora kuba bukubiyemo ibi bikurikira:

• Kubaga no / cyangwa kuvura imirasire.

• Chimiotherapie nkubuvuzi bwa palliative kugirango ugabanye ibimenyetso kandi uzamure ubuzima.

• Igeragezwa rya chimiotherapie.

Kugirango uhindure papilloma, kuvura mubisanzwe kubagwa cyangwa kutavura imirasire.

Kuri melanoma na sarcomas, ubuvuzi bushobora kubamo ibi bikurikira:

• Kubaga.

• Chimiotherapie nkubuvuzi bwa palliative kugirango ugabanye ibimenyetso kandi uzamure ubuzima.

Kuri granuloma yo hagati, kuvura ni imiti ivura imirasire.

Niba kanseri iri mu mazuru, kuvura bishobora kuba bikubiyemo ibi bikurikira:

• Kubaga no / cyangwa kuvura imirasire.

• Chimiotherapie nkubuvuzi bwa palliative kugirango ugabanye ibimenyetso kandi uzamure ubuzima.

• Igeragezwa rya chimiotherapie.

Koresha ubushakashatsi bwamavuriro kugirango ushakishe NCI ifashwa na kanseri ivura abarwayi. Urashobora gushakisha ibigeragezo ukurikije ubwoko bwa kanseri, imyaka yumurwayi, n’aho ibizamini bikorerwa. Amakuru rusange yerekeye ibizamini byamavuriro nayo arahari.

Kumenya Byinshi kuri Paranasal Sinus na Kanseri Yizuru

Ushaka amakuru menshi yikigo cyigihugu gishinzwe kanseri kubyerekeye paranasal sinus na kanseri yo mu mazuru, reba ibi bikurikira:

• Kanseri yo mu mutwe no mu ijosi Urupapuro

• Ingorane zo mu kanwa za Chimiotherapie n'umutwe / Imirasire y'ijosi

• Ibiyobyabwenge Byemewe Kanseri yo mu mutwe no mu ijosi

• Kanseri yo mu mutwe no mu ijosi

• Itabi (rikubiyemo ubufasha mu kureka)

Kumakuru rusange ya kanseri nibindi bikoresho biva mu kigo cyigihugu cya kanseri, reba ibi bikurikira:

• Ibyerekeye Kanseri

• Gutegura

• Chimiotherapie nawe: Inkunga kubantu barwaye Kanseri

• Ubuvuzi bwimirasire nawe: Inkunga kubantu barwaye Kanseri

• Guhangana na Kanseri

• Ibibazo byo Kubaza Muganga wawe kuri Kanseri

• Abacitse ku icumu n'abarezi