Ubwoko / kanseri-yo mu bwana
Ibirimo
Kanseri yo mu bwana
Kwipimisha kanseri birababaje imyaka iyo ari yo yose, ariko cyane cyane iyo umurwayi ari umwana. Ni ibisanzwe kugira ibibazo byinshi, nka, Ninde ukwiye gufata umwana wanjye? Umwana wanjye azakira? Ibi byose bivuze iki kumuryango wacu? Ibibazo byose ntabwo bifite ibisubizo, ariko amakuru numutungo kururu rupapuro bitanga intangiriro yo gusobanukirwa ishingiro rya kanseri yo mu bwana.
Ubwoko bwa Kanseri mu bana
Muri Amerika muri 2019, abagera ku 11.060 banduye kanseri bazasuzumwa mu bana kuva bavutse kugeza ku myaka 14, kandi biteganijwe ko abana bagera ku 1.190 bapfa bazize iyo ndwara. Nubwo umubare w'abahitanwa na kanseri kuri iki cyiciro wagabanutseho 65 ku ijana kuva mu 1970 kugeza 2016, kanseri ikomeje kuba intandaro y'impfu ziterwa n'indwara mu bana. Ubwoko bwa kanseri bukunze kugaragara ku bana bafite hagati y’imyaka 0 na 14 ni leukemiya, ubwonko ndetse n’ibindi bibyimba byo hagati (CNS), na lymphoma.
Kuvura Kanseri yo mu bwana
Kanseri y'abana ntabwo buri gihe ifatwa nka kanseri ikuze. Oncology y'abana ni ubuvuzi bwihariye bwibanda ku kwita ku bana barwaye kanseri. Ni ngombwa kumenya ko ubwo buhanga bubaho kandi ko hari uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura kanseri nyinshi zo mu bwana.
Ubwoko bwo Kuvura
Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwo kuvura kanseri. Ubwoko bw'imiti umwana urwaye kanseri yakira bizaterwa n'ubwoko bwa kanseri n'uburyo butera imbere. Ubuvuzi busanzwe burimo: kubaga, chimiotherapie, kuvura imirasire, immunotherapie, no guhinduranya ingirangingo. Wige ibi hamwe nubundi buvuzi muburyo bwacu bwo kuvura.
Impuguke Zigezweho-Yasuzumwe Amakuru
NCI's ® yo kuvura abana incamake yamakuru ya kanseri asobanura gusuzuma, kubika, no kuvura kanseri y'abana.
Incamake yacu kubyerekeye Kanseri Yumwana Genomics isobanura ihinduka ryimiterere ijyanye na kanseri zitandukanye zabana, nakamaro kazo mukuvura no guhanura.
Ibigeragezo bya Clinical
Mbere yuko ubuvuzi bushya bushobora kuboneka ku barwayi, bugomba kwigwa mu bigeragezo byo kwa muganga (ubushakashatsi bwakozwe) ugasanga bifite umutekano kandi bifite akamaro mu kuvura indwara. Igeragezwa rya Clinical kubana ningimbi barwaye kanseri muri rusange ryakozwe kugirango ugereranye uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura hamwe nubuvuzi bwemewe nkibisanzwe. Inyinshi mu ntambwe imaze guterwa mu kumenya imiti ivura kanseri yo mu bwana yagezweho hakoreshejwe ibizamini byo kwa muganga.
Urubuga rwacu rufite amakuru yukuntu ibizamini byamavuriro bikora. Inzobere mu makuru zishinzwe serivisi ishinzwe amakuru ya kanseri ya NCI zirashobora gusubiza ibibazo bijyanye n'iki gikorwa kandi zikanafasha kumenya ibizamini by’amavuriro bikomeje kubana barwaye kanseri.
Ingaruka zo Kuvura
Abana bahura nibibazo bidasanzwe mugihe cyo kuvura kanseri, nyuma yo kuvura, ndetse nkabarokotse kanseri. Kurugero, barashobora kuvurwa cyane, kanseri nubuvuzi bwayo bigira ingaruka zitandukanye kumubiri ukura kuruta imibiri ikuze, kandi barashobora kwitabira muburyo butandukanye imiti igenzura ibimenyetso kubantu bakuru. Kubindi bisobanuro, reba incamake ya ® y'abana. Ingaruka zo kuvura zaganiriweho nyuma kururu rupapuro mu gice cyo Kurokoka.
Aho abana barwaye Kanseri bavurirwa
Abana barwaye kanseri bakunze kuvurirwa mu kigo cya kanseri y'abana, kikaba ari ibitaro cyangwa ishami mu bitaro kabuhariwe mu kuvura abana barwaye kanseri. Ibigo byinshi bya kanseri byabana bivura abarwayi kugeza kumyaka 20.
Abaganga nabandi bashinzwe ubuzima muri ibi bigo bafite amahugurwa nubuhanga bwihariye bwo kwita kubana neza. Inzobere mu kigo cya kanseri y’abana zishobora kuba zirimo abaganga b’ibanze, abaganga b’ubuvuzi bw’abana / abahanga mu kuvura indwara z’abana, inzobere mu kubaga abana, inzobere mu kuvura imirasire, inzobere mu gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe, inzobere mu baforomo b’abana, abashinzwe imibereho myiza, hamwe n’abashinzwe imitekerereze ya muntu. Muri ibyo bigo, ibizamini byo kwa muganga birahari ku bwoko bwa kanseri bugaragara ku bana, kandi amahirwe yo kwitabira igeragezwa ahabwa abarwayi benshi.
Ibitaro bifite inzobere mu kuvura abana barwaye kanseri mubisanzwe ni ibigo byabanyamuryango batewe inkunga na NCI Itsinda ry’abana Oncology Group (COG) Gusohoka. COG n’umuryango munini ku isi ukora ubushakashatsi ku mavuriro hagamijwe kunoza uburyo bwo kwita no kuvura abana barwaye kanseri. Serivisi ishinzwe amakuru ya kanseri ya NCI irashobora gufasha imiryango kubona ibitaro bishamikiye kuri COG.
Mu kigo cy’ubuvuzi cy’ikigo cy’igihugu cy’ubuzima kiri i Bethesda, muri Leta ya Maryland, Ishami rya NCI ryita ku bana Oncology ryita ku bana barwaye kanseri. Inzobere mu by'ubuzima n'abahanga mu bya siyansi bakora ubushakashatsi bw'ubuhinduzi bushingiye ku bumenyi bw'ibanze mu bigeragezo byo kwa muganga kugira ngo habeho umusaruro ku bana ndetse n'abasore bakuze barwaye kanseri na syndromes y'ibibyimba.
Guhangana na Kanseri
Guhindura isuzuma rya kanseri yumwana no gushaka uburyo bwo gukomera birakomeye kubantu bose mumuryango. Urupapuro rwacu, Inkunga yimiryango Iyo umwana arwaye kanseri, ifite inama zo kuganira nabana kubyerekeye kanseri yabo no kubategurira impinduka bashobora guhura nazo. Harimo kandi uburyo bwo gufasha abavandimwe na bashiki bacu guhangana, intambwe ababyeyi bashobora gutera mugihe bakeneye inkunga, hamwe ninama zo gukorana nitsinda ryita kubuzima. Ibice bitandukanye byo guhangana no gushyigikirwa nabyo byaganiriweho mu gitabo Abana barwaye Kanseri: Imfashanyigisho y'ababyeyi.
Kurokoka
Ni ngombwa ko abarokotse kanseri yo mu bwana bahabwa ubufasha bwo gukurikirana ubuzima bwabo nyuma yo kurangiza kwivuza. Abacitse ku icumu bose bagomba kugira incamake yo kuvura hamwe na gahunda yo kwita ku barokotse, nk'uko byaganiriweho ku rupapuro rwita ku barwayi ba kanseri y'abana. Uru rupapuro kandi rufite amakuru ku mavuriro kabuhariwe mu gutanga ubuvuzi bukurikirana abantu barwaye kanseri yo mu bwana.
Abacitse ku icumu rya kanseri iyo ari yo yose barashobora kugira ibibazo by'ubuzima nyuma y'amezi cyangwa imyaka nyuma yo kuvurwa na kanseri, bizwi ko ari ingaruka zitinze, ariko ingaruka zitinze zirahangayikishije cyane cyane abarokotse kanseri yo mu bwana kuko kuvura abana bishobora gutera ingaruka zikomeye, zirambye ku mubiri no ku mutima. Ingaruka zitinze ziratandukanye n'ubwoko bwa kanseri, imyaka umwana afite, ubwoko bwo kwivuza, nibindi bintu. Amakuru yubwoko bwingaruka zitinze nuburyo bwo kubikemura murashobora kubisanga kurupapuro rwita kubuzima bwa Kanseri Yabana bato. ® Ingaruka Zitinze zo Kuvura Incamake ya Kana Yabana ifite amakuru yimbitse.
Kwita ku kurokoka no guhindura ababyeyi ndetse n'abana bashobora kunyuramo nabyo byaganiriweho mu gitabo Abana barwaye Kanseri: Igitabo cy’ababyeyi.
Indwara ya Kanseri
The causes of most childhood cancers are not known. About 5 percent of all cancers in children are caused by an inherited mutation (a genetic mutation that can be passed from parents to their children).
Most cancers in children, like those in adults, are thought to develop as a result of mutations in genes that lead to uncontrolled cell growth and eventually cancer. In adults, these gene mutations reflect the cumulative effects of aging and long-term exposure to cancer-causing substances. However, identifying potential environmental causes of childhood cancer has been difficult, partly because cancer in children is rare and partly because it is difficult to determine what children might have been exposed to early in their development. More information about possible causes of cancer in children is available in the fact sheet, Cancer in Children and Adolescents.
Research
NCI supports a broad range of research to better understand the causes, biology, and patterns of childhood cancers and to identify the best ways to successfully treat children with cancer. In the context of clinical trials, researchers are treating and learning from young cancer patients. Researchers are also following childhood cancer survivors to learn about health and other issues they may face as a result of their cancer treatment. To learn more, see Childhood Cancers Research.
Childhood Cancer Videos Please enable Javacsript to view this content
Related Resources
Cancer in Children and Adolescents
Support for Families When a Child Has Cancer
Care for Childhood Cancer Survivors
Children with Cancer: A Guide for Parents
When Your Brother or Sister Has Cancer: A Guide for Teens
When A Cure is No Longer Possible for Your Child
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