Mitundu / thymoma / patient / thymoma-treatment-pdq

Thymoma and Thymic Carcinoma Treatment (Akulu) (®) -Patient Version

Zambiri Za Thymoma ndi Thymic Carcinoma

MFUNDO ZOFUNIKA

• Thymoma ndi thymic carcinoma ndi matenda omwe ma cell owopsa (khansa) amapangidwa mu thymus.

• Thymoma imalumikizidwa ndi myasthenia gravis ndi matenda ena amtundu wa paraneoplastic.

• Zizindikiro za thymoma ndi thymic carcinoma zimaphatikizapo kupweteka kwa chifuwa ndi chifuwa.

• Mayesero omwe amayesa thymus amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthandizira kuzindikira ndi kupanga thymoma ndi thymic carcinoma.

• Zinthu zina zimakhudzanso madandaulo (mwayi wochira) ndi njira zamankhwala.

Thymoma ndi thymic carcinoma ndi matenda omwe ma cell owopsa (khansa) amapangidwa mu thymus.

Thymoma ndi thymic carcinoma, yotchedwanso thymic epithelial tumors (TETs), ndi mitundu iwiri ya khansa yosowa yomwe imatha kupangika m'maselo omwe amakhala panja pa thymus. Thymus ndi chiwalo chaching'ono chomwe chimagona pachifuwa chapamwamba pamwamba pamtima komanso pansi pa chifuwa. Ndi mbali ya mitsempha ndipo imapanga maselo oyera, otchedwa ma lymphocyte, omwe amathandiza kulimbana ndi matenda. Khansa izi nthawi zambiri zimapanga pakati pa mapapu kumtunda kwa chifuwa ndipo nthawi zina zimapezeka panthawi ya x-ray pachifuwa yomwe imachitika pachifukwa china.

Thupi la thymus gland. Thymus gland ndi chiwalo chaching'ono chomwe chimakhala pachifuwa chapamwamba pansi pa chifuwa. Amapanga maselo oyera, otchedwa ma lymphocyte, omwe amateteza thupi kumatenda.

Ngakhale thymoma ndi thymic carcinoma zimapanga mtundu womwewo wa selo, amachita mosiyana:

• Thymoma. Maselo a khansa amawoneka mofanana ndi maselo abwinobwino a thymus, amakula pang'onopang'ono, ndipo samakonda kufalikira kupitirira thymus.

• Matenda a carcinoma. Maselo a khansa samawoneka ngati maselo abwinobwino a thymus, amakula mwachangu, ndipo amatha kufalikira mbali zina za thupi. Pafupifupi imodzi mwa ma TET asanu aliwonse ndi a thymic carcinoma. Thymic carcinoma ndi yovuta kuchiza kuposa thymoma.

Mitundu ina ya zotupa, monga lymphoma kapena chotupa cha majeremusi, zimatha kupangidwa mu thymus, koma sizimawerengedwa kuti ndi thymoma kapena thymic carcinoma.

Kuti mumve zambiri za thymoma ndi thymic carcinoma mwa ana, onani chidule cha pa Chithandizo cha Ubwana Thymoma ndi Thymic Carcinoma Treatment.

Thymoma imalumikizidwa ndi myasthenia gravis ndi matenda ena amtundu wa paraneoplastic.

Matenda opatsirana pogonana nthawi zambiri amalumikizidwa ndi thymoma. Matenda opatsirana pogonana amatha kupezeka kwa odwala omwe ali ndi khansa koma samayambitsidwa ndi khansa. Matenda omwe amadzipangitsa kukhala ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana amadziwika ndi zizindikilo zomwe zimayamba ngati chitetezo chamthupi chimangolimbana ndi maselo a khansa komanso maselo abwinobwino. Matenda osokoneza bongo omwe amapezeka ndi thymoma ndi awa:

• Myasthenia gravis (matenda omwe amadziwika kwambiri ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana omwe amapezeka ndi thymoma).

• Hypogammaglobulinemia yokhudzana ndi Thymoma (Matenda Abwino).

• Matenda ofiira omwe amadziwika ndi Thymoma.

Matenda ena amtundu wa autoimmune amatha kuphatikizidwa ndi ma TET ndipo amatha kutenga chiwalo chilichonse.

Zizindikiro za thymoma ndi thymic carcinoma zimaphatikizapo kupweteka kwa chifuwa ndi chifuwa.

Odwala ambiri samakhala ndi zizindikilo pomwe amapezeka kuti ali ndi thymoma kapena thymic carcinoma. Funsani dokotala ngati muli ndi izi:

• Chifuwa chomwe sichitha.

• Kupuma pang'ono.

• Kupweteka pachifuwa.

• Liwu losasa mawu.

• Kutupa kumaso, m'khosi, kumtunda, kapena mikono.

Mayesero omwe amayesa thymus amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthandizira kuzindikira ndi kupanga thymoma ndi thymic carcinoma.

Mayeso ndi njira zotsatirazi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito:

• Kuyezetsa thupi komanso mbiri yaumoyo: Kuyesedwa kwa thupi kuti muwone zizindikiritso zaumoyo, kuphatikizapo kuyang'ana ngati pali matenda, monga zotupa kapena china chilichonse chomwe chikuwoneka chachilendo. Mbiri yokhudzana ndi thanzi la wodwalayo komanso matenda am'mbuyomu komanso chithandizo chamankhwala adzachitidwanso.

• X-ray pachifuwa : X-ray ya ziwalo ndi mafupa mkati mwa chifuwa. X-ray ndi mtundu wa mphamvu yamphamvu yomwe imatha kupyola thupi ndikupita mufilimu, ndikupanga chithunzi cha madera omwe ali mthupi.

• CT scan (CAT scan): Njira yomwe imapanga zithunzi zingapo zamkati mwa thupi, monga chifuwa, zojambulidwa mosiyanasiyana. Zithunzizo zimapangidwa ndi kompyuta yolumikizidwa ndi makina a x-ray. Utoto ukhoza kulowetsedwa mumtsempha kapena kumeza kuti ziwalo kapena ziwalo ziwoneke bwino. Njirayi imatchedwanso computed tomography, kompyuta tomography, kapena kompyuta axial tomography.

• PET scan (positron emission tomography scan): Njira yopezera maselo oyipa mthupi. Gulu laling'ono la shuga (radio) limabayidwa mumtsempha. Chojambulira cha PET chimazungulira thupi ndikupanga chithunzi cha komwe glucose imagwiritsidwa ntchito mthupi. Maselo otupa owopsa amawonekera pachithunzichi chifukwa amakhala otanganidwa ndipo amatenga shuga wambiri kuposa momwe maselo amachitira.

• MRI (magnetic resonance imaging): Njira yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito maginito, mawailesi, komanso kompyuta kuti ipange zithunzi zingapo zamkati mwa thupi, monga chifuwa. Njirayi imatchedwanso nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI).

• Biopsy: Kuchotsa maselo kapena ziphuphu pogwiritsa ntchito singano kuti athe kuwonedwa ndi microscope ndi wodwala kuti aone ngati ali ndi khansa.

Zinthu zina zimakhudzanso madandaulo (mwayi wochira) ndi njira zamankhwala.

Njira zakulosera zamankhwala ndi chithandizo zimadalira izi:

• Kaya khansara ndi thymoma kapena thymic carcinoma.

• Kaya khansara yafalikira kumadera oyandikana kapena mbali zina za thupi.

• Kaya chotupacho chitha kuchotsedwa kwathunthu ndi opareshoni.

• Kaya khansa yapezeka kumene kapena yabwereranso (bwererani).

Magawo a Thymoma ndi Thymic Carcinoma

MFUNDO ZOFUNIKA

• Matenda a thymoma kapena thymic carcinoma atapezeka, amayesedwa kuti apeze ngati maselo a khansa afalikira kumadera oyandikira kapena mbali zina za thupi.

• Pali njira zitatu zomwe khansa imafalikira mthupi.

• Khansa imatha kufalikira pomwe idayamba kupita mbali zina za thupi.

• Magawo otsatirawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa thymoma:

• Gawo I

• Gawo II

• Gawo III

• Gawo IV

• Thymic carcinomas nthawi zambiri imafalikira mbali zina za thupi ikapezeka.

• Thymic carcinoma imatha kubwereranso kuposa thymoma.

Matenda a thymoma kapena thymic carcinoma atapezeka, amayesedwa kuti apeze ngati maselo a khansa afalikira kumadera oyandikira kapena mbali zina za thupi.

Njira yogwiritsira ntchito ngati thymoma kapena thymic carcinoma yafalikira kuchokera ku thymus kupita kumadera oyandikana nawo kapena mbali zina za thupi zimatchedwa staging. Thymoma ndi thymic carcinoma imafalikira m'mapapu, khoma pachifuwa, zotengera zazikulu, zotupa, kapena malo ozungulira mapapo ndi mtima. Zotsatira za mayeso ndi njira zomwe zachitika kuti mupeze thymoma kapena thymic carcinoma zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pothandiza kupanga zisankho zamankhwala.

Pali njira zitatu zomwe khansa imafalikira mthupi.

Khansa imatha kufalikira kudzera mu minofu, ma lymph system, ndi magazi:

• Minofu. Khansara imafalikira kuchokera pomwe idayamba ndikukula kupita kumadera oyandikana nawo.

• Lymph dongosolo. Khansara imafalikira kuchokera pomwe idayamba polowa m'mitsempha. Khansara imadutsa m'mitsempha yamafuta kupita mbali zina za thupi.

• Magazi. Khansara imafalikira kuchokera pomwe idayamba ndikulowa m'magazi. Khansara imadutsa m'mitsempha yamagazi kupita mbali zina za thupi.

Khansa imatha kufalikira pomwe idayamba kupita mbali zina za thupi.

Khansa ikafalikira mbali ina ya thupi, imatchedwa metastasis. Maselo a khansa amachoka pomwe adayamba (chotupa choyambirira) ndikuyenda mumitsempha kapena magazi.

• Lymph dongosolo. Khansara imalowa mumitsempha, imadutsa m'mitsempha yamafuta, ndikupanga chotupa (chotupa cha metastatic) gawo lina la thupi.

• Magazi. Khansara imalowa m'magazi, imadutsa m'mitsempha yamagazi, ndikupanga chotupa (chotupa cha metastatic) gawo lina la thupi.

Chotupa cha metastatic ndi khansa yofanana ndi chotupa chachikulu. Mwachitsanzo, ngati thymic carcinoma imafalikira mpaka fupa, maselo a khansa omwe ali m'mafupawo ndi a thymic carcinoma cell. Matendawa ndi metastatic thymic carcinoma, osati khansa ya mafupa

Magawo otsatirawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa thymoma:

Gawo I

Pachigawo choyamba ine, khansa imapezeka mkati mwa thymus. Maselo onse a khansa ali mkati mwa kapisozi (sac) komwe kamazungulira thymus.

Gawo II

Gawo lachiwiri, khansa yafalikira kudzera mu kapisozi ndi mafuta ozungulira chithokomiro kapena mkatikati mwa chifuwa.

Gawo III

Mu gawo lachitatu, khansa yafalikira ku ziwalo zapafupi pachifuwa, kuphatikiza m'mapapo, thumba mozungulira mtima, kapena mitsempha yayikulu yamagazi yomwe imanyamula magazi kumtima.

Gawo IV

Gawo IV limagawika gawo la IVA ndi gawo IVB, kutengera komwe khansara yafalikira.

• Pa gawo la IVA, khansa yafalikira kwambiri kuzungulira mapapu kapena mtima.

• Pa gawo IVB, khansa yafalikira m'magazi kapena m'mitsempha.

Thymic carcinomas nthawi zambiri imafalikira mbali zina za thupi ikapezeka.

Njira yogwiritsira ntchito thymomas nthawi zina imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa thymic carcinomas.

Thymic carcinoma imatha kubwereranso kuposa thymoma.

Matenda a thymoma ndi thymic carcinoma ndi khansa yomwe yabwereranso (itabwerera) mutalandira chithandizo. Khansara imatha kubwerera ku thymus kapena mbali zina za thupi. Thymic carcinoma imatha kubwereranso kuposa thymoma.

• Matenda amatha kubwerera nthawi yayitali chithandizo chitamalizidwa. Palinso chiopsezo chowonjezeka chokhala ndi khansa yamtundu wina mutakhala ndi thymoma. Pazifukwa izi, kutsatira kwa moyo wonse kumafunika.

• Matenda a carcinomas nthawi zambiri amabwereranso.

Chithandizo Chosankha Mwachidule

MFUNDO ZOFUNIKA

• Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chithandizo cha odwala omwe ali ndi thymoma ndi thymic carcinoma.

• Mitundu isanu yamankhwala amtundu uliwonse imagwiritsidwa ntchito:

• Opaleshoni

• Thandizo la radiation

• Chemotherapy

• Thandizo la mahomoni

• Chithandizo chofuna

• Mitundu yatsopano yamankhwala ikuyesedwa m'mayesero azachipatala.

• Chitetezo chamatenda

• Chithandizo cha thymoma ndi thymic carcinoma chingayambitse mavuto.

• Odwala angaganize zopita nawo kukayezetsa.

• Odwala amatha kulowa m'mayesero azachipatala asanayambe, asanayambe, kapena atayamba kulandira chithandizo cha khansa.

• Mayeso otsatirawa angafunike.

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chithandizo cha odwala omwe ali ndi thymoma ndi thymic carcinoma.

Pali mitundu ingapo yamankhwala othandizira odwala thymoma ndi thymic carcinoma. Mankhwala ena ndi ofanana (mankhwala omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito pano), ndipo ena akuyesedwa m'mayesero azachipatala. Kuyesedwa kwachipatala ndi kafukufuku wofufuza wothandizira kusintha chithandizo chamakono kapena kupeza zidziwitso zamankhwala atsopano kwa odwala khansa. Pamene mayesero azachipatala awonetsa kuti chithandizo chatsopano ndichabwino kuposa chithandizo chamankhwala, chithandizocho chitha kukhala chamankhwala wamba. Odwala angaganize zopita nawo kukayezetsa. Mayesero ena azachipatala ndi otseguka kwa odwala omwe sanayambe kulandira chithandizo.

Mitundu isanu yamankhwala amtundu uliwonse imagwiritsidwa ntchito:

Opaleshoni

Opaleshoni yochotsa chotupacho ndi mankhwala ofala kwambiri a thymoma.

Dokotala atachotsa khansa yonse yomwe imawonekera panthawi yochitidwa opaleshoniyi, odwala ena atha kupatsidwa chithandizo chama radiation atachitidwa opaleshoni kuti aphe maselo aliwonse a khansa omwe atsala. Chithandizo chomwe chimaperekedwa pambuyo pa opareshoni, kuti muchepetse chiopsezo kuti khansa ibwererenso, amatchedwa adjuvant therapy.

Thandizo la radiation

Thandizo la radiation ndi chithandizo cha khansa chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito ma x-ray amphamvu kapena mitundu ina ya radiation kuti iphe ma cell a khansa kapena kuti asakule. Thandizo la radiation lakunja limagwiritsa ntchito makina kunja kwa thupi kuti atumize cheza chakuthupi ndi khansa.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy ndi mankhwala a khansa omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa kukula kwa maselo a khansa, mwina popha ma cell kapena kuwaletsa kuti asagawane. Chemotherapy ikamamwa pakamwa kapena kulowetsedwa mumtsempha kapena minofu, mankhwalawa amalowa m'magazi ndipo amatha kufikira ma cell a khansa mthupi lonse (systemic chemotherapy).

Chemotherapy itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa chotupacho musanachite opareshoni kapena chithandizo chama radiation. Izi zimatchedwa neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Thandizo la mahomoni

Thandizo la mahomoni ndi mankhwala a khansa omwe amachotsa mahomoni kapena amalepheretsa zochita zawo ndikuletsa maselo a khansa kuti asakule. Mahomoni ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi tiziwalo timene timatulutsa thupi ndipo timayenda m'magazi. Mahomoni ena amatha kupangitsa khansa kukula. Ngati kuyesa kukuwonetsa kuti ma cell a khansa ali ndi malo omwe mahomoni amatha kulumikiza (receptors), mankhwala osokoneza bongo, opareshoni, kapena mankhwala a radiation amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochepetsa mahomoni kapena kuwaletsa kugwira ntchito. Mankhwala a mahormone ogwiritsa ntchito octreotide kapena prednisone atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza thymoma kapena thymic carcinoma.

Chithandizo chofuna

Chithandizo chomwe mukufuna ndi mtundu wamankhwala omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena zinthu zina kuti azindikire ndikuwukira maselo ena a khansa. Njira zochiritsira zomwe zimayang'aniridwa sizimavulaza maselo wamba kuposa chemotherapy ndi radiation radiation. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) ndi mammalian chandamale cha rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors ndi mitundu ya mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza thymoma ndi thymic carcinoma.

• Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI): Chithandizochi chimatseka zikwangwani zofunika kuti zotupa zikule. Sunitinib ndi lenvatinib ndi ma TKI omwe atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a thymoma kapena a thymic carcinoma.

• Cholinga cha mamalia cha rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors: Chithandizochi chimatseka puloteni yotchedwa mTOR, yomwe imalepheretsa maselo a khansa kukula ndikuletsa kukula kwa mitsempha yatsopano yomwe zotupa zimayenera kukula. Everolimus ndi mTOR inhibitor yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza matenda a thymoma kapena a thymic carcinoma.

Mitundu yatsopano yamankhwala ikuyesedwa m'mayesero azachipatala.

Gawo lachiduleli likufotokoza zamankhwala omwe akuwerengedwa m'mayesero azachipatala. Sizingatchule chithandizo chilichonse chatsopano chomwe akuphunzira. Zambiri zamayeso azachipatala zimapezeka patsamba la NCI.

Chitetezo chamatenda

Immunotherapy ndi chithandizo chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito chitetezo cha mthupi cha wodwalayo kuthana ndi khansa. Zinthu zomwe thupi limapanga kapena zopangidwa mu labotale zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukulitsa, kuwongolera, kapena kubwezeretsa chitetezo chamthupi cha khansa. Chithandizo cha khansa ichi ndi mtundu wa mankhwala a biologic.

• Mankhwala oteteza ku chitetezo cha mthupi: PD-1 ndi mapuloteni pamwamba pa ma T omwe amathandiza kuti chitetezo cha mthupi chitetezedwe. PD-L1 ndi mapuloteni omwe amapezeka m'mitundu ina ya khansa. PD-1 ikamangirira PD-L1, imayimitsa T cell kuti isaphe khungu la khansa. PD-1 ndi PD-L1 zoletsa zimasunga PD-1 ndi PD-L1 mapuloteni kuti asalumikizane. Izi zimapangitsa T maselo kupha maselo a khansa. Pembrolizumab ndi mtundu wa PD-1 inhibitor yomwe ikuwerengedwa pochiza matenda a thymoma ndi thymic carcinoma.

Chitetezo cha chitetezo cha mthupi. Mapuloteni owunika, monga PD-L1 pama cell a chotupa ndi PD-1 pama cell a T, amathandizira kuyang'anira mayankho amthupi. Kumanga kwa PD-L1 mpaka PD-1 kumapangitsa kuti ma T asaphe ma cell am'mimba (gulu lakumanzere). Kuletsa kumangiriza kwa PD-L1 mpaka PD-1 yokhala ndi chitetezo chodzitetezera (anti-PD-L1 kapena anti-PD-1) kumalola ma T maselo kupha ma cell a chotupa (gulu lamanja).

Chithandizo cha thymoma ndi thymic carcinoma chingayambitse mavuto.

Kuti mumve zambiri zamankhwala obwera chifukwa cha khansa, onani tsamba lathu la Zotsatira Zotsatira.

Odwala angaganize zopita nawo kukayezetsa.

Kwa odwala ena, kutenga nawo mbali pakuyesa chithandizo chachipatala kungakhale njira yabwino kwambiri yothandizira. Mayesero azachipatala ndi gawo limodzi la kafukufuku wa khansa. Mayesero azachipatala amachitika kuti apeze ngati mankhwala atsopano a khansa ndi otetezeka komanso ogwira ntchito kapena abwinoko kuposa mankhwala wamba.

Njira zambiri zamankhwala zochiritsira khansa zimachokera kumayeso am'mbuyomu azachipatala. Odwala omwe amatenga nawo mbali pachipatala atha kulandira chithandizo chofananira kapena kukhala oyamba kulandira chithandizo chatsopano.

Odwala omwe amatenga nawo mbali pazoyeserera zamankhwala amathandizanso kukonza momwe khansa idzathandizire mtsogolo. Ngakhale mayesero azachipatala satsogolera kuchipatala chatsopano, nthawi zambiri amayankha mafunso ofunikira ndikuthandizira kupititsa patsogolo kafukufuku.

Odwala amatha kulowa m'mayesero azachipatala asanayambe, asanayambe, kapena atayamba kulandira chithandizo cha khansa.

Mayesero ena azachipatala amangophatikizapo odwala omwe sanalandire chithandizo. Mayesero ena amayesa chithandizo kwa odwala omwe khansa yawo sinakhale bwino. Palinso mayesero azachipatala omwe amayesa njira zatsopano zothetsera khansa kuti isabwererenso (kubwerera) kapena kuchepetsa zovuta zoyambitsidwa ndi khansa.

Mayesero azachipatala akuchitika m'malo ambiri mdziko muno. Zambiri zamayeso azachipatala othandizidwa ndi NCI zitha kupezeka patsamba lofufuza zamankhwala la NCI. Mayesero azachipatala othandizidwa ndi mabungwe ena amapezeka patsamba la ClinicalTrials.gov.

Mayeso otsatirawa angafunike.

Ena mwa mayesero omwe adachitika kuti apeze khansa kapena kuti adziwe momwe khansa iliri angabwerezedwenso. Mayesero ena adzabwerezedwa kuti awone momwe mankhwalawa akugwirira ntchito. Zisankho zakuti mupitilize, kusintha, kapena kusiya kulandira chithandizo zitha kutengera zotsatira za mayeso awa.

Kuyesaku kumangopitilira kuchitika nthawi ndi nthawi mankhwala atatha. Zotsatira zamayesowa zitha kuwonetsa ngati vuto lanu lasintha kapena ngati khansa yabwereranso (bwererani). Mayesowa nthawi zina amatchedwa kuyesa kutsata kapena kukayezetsa.

Chithandizo cha Gawo I ndi Gawo II Thymoma

Kuti mumve zambiri zamankhwala omwe atchulidwa pansipa, onani gawo la Chisankho Chachidule.

Chithandizo cha gawo I thymoma ndi opaleshoni.

Kuchiza kwa gawo lachiwiri la thymoma ndi opaleshoni, yomwe ingatsatidwe ndi mankhwala a radiation.

Kuchiza kwa Gawo lachitatu ndi Gawo IV Thymoma

Kuti mumve zambiri zamankhwala omwe atchulidwa pansipa, onani gawo la Chisankho Chachidule.

Chithandizo cha gawo lachitatu ndi gawo IV thymoma lomwe lingathe kuchotsedwa ndi opaleshoni limaphatikizapo izi:

• Opaleshoni yotsatiridwa ndi mankhwala a radiation.

• Neoadjuvant chemotherapy yotsatiridwa ndi opaleshoni ndi mankhwala a radiation.

Chithandizo cha gawo lachitatu ndi gawo IV thymoma chomwe sichingachotsedwe kwathunthu ndi opaleshoni chimaphatikizapo izi:

• Chemotherapy.

• Chemotherapy yotsatira ndi radiation radiation.

• Neoadjuvant chemotherapy yotsatiridwa ndi opaleshoni (ngati ingagwire) ndi mankhwala a radiation.

Chithandizo cha Thymic Carcinoma

Kuti mumve zambiri zamankhwala omwe atchulidwa pansipa, onani gawo la Chisankho Chachidule.

Chithandizo cha thymic carcinoma chomwe chingachotsedwe kwathunthu ndi opaleshoni chimaphatikizapo izi:

• Opaleshoni yotsatiridwa ndi mankhwala a radiation kapena chemotherapy.

Chithandizo cha thymic carcinoma chomwe sichingachotsedwe kwathunthu ndi opaleshoni chimaphatikizapo izi:

• Chemotherapy.

• Chemotherapy ndi mankhwala a radiation.

• Chemotherapy adatsata opaleshoni, ngati chotupacho chitha kuchotsedwa, komanso mankhwala a radiation.

Kuchiza kwa Recurrent Thymoma ndi Thymic Carcinoma

Kuti mumve zambiri zamankhwala omwe atchulidwa pansipa, onani gawo la Chisankho Chachidule.

Chithandizo cha thymoma yokhazikika ndi thymic carcinoma chingaphatikizepo izi:

• Chemotherapy.

• Hormone therapy (octreotide) wokhala ndi prednisone kapena wopanda.

• Chithandizo chofuna.

• Opaleshoni.

• Thandizo la radiation.

• Kuyesedwa kwachipatala kwa chitetezo cha chitetezo cha mthupi ndi pembrolizumab.

Kuti mudziwe zambiri za Thymoma ndi Thymic Carcinoma

Kuti mumve zambiri kuchokera ku National Cancer Institute yokhudza thymoma ndi thymic carcinoma, onani izi:

• Thymoma ndi Thymic Carcinoma Tsamba Loyambira

• Njira Zochizira Khansa

• Computed Tomography (CT) Zithunzi ndi Khansa

Kuti mumve zambiri za khansa ndi zinthu zina zochokera ku National Cancer Institute, onani izi:

• Za Khansa

• Kusinthana

• Chemotherapy and You: Kuthandiza Anthu Omwe Ali Ndi Khansa

• Thandizo la Radiation ndi Inu: Thandizo kwa Anthu Omwe Ali ndi Khansa

• Kulimbana ndi khansa

• Mafunso oti mufunse dokotala wanu za khansa

• Kwa Opulumuka ndi Owasamalira

Sanjani malinga ndi tsiku Sanjani ndi zigoli

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