Mitundu / thymoma / wodwala / mwana-thymoma-chithandizo-pdq
Childhood Thymoma ndi Thymic Carcinoma Treatment (®) -Patient Version
Zambiri Za Thymoma ndi Thymic Carcinoma
MFUNDO ZOFUNIKA
- Thymoma ndi thymic carcinoma ndi matenda omwe ma cell owopsa (khansa) amapangidwa mu thymus.
- Zizindikiro za thymoma ndi thymic carcinoma zimaphatikizapo kukhosomola komanso kupuma movutikira.
- Ana omwe ali ndi thymoma kapena thymic carcinoma amathanso kukhala ndi mavuto ena azaumoyo.
- Mayeso omwe amafufuza thymus ndi chifuwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthandizira matenda a thymoma ndi thymic carcinoma.
- Zinthu zina zimakhudzanso madandaulo (mwayi wochira).
Thymoma ndi thymic carcinoma ndi matenda omwe ma cell owopsa (khansa) amapangidwa mu thymus.
Thymoma ndi thymic carcinoma ndi mitundu iwiri ya khansa yomwe imatha kupangika m'maselo omwe amakhala panja pa thymus. Thymus ndi chiwalo chaching'ono pachifuwa chapamwamba pansi pa chifuwa. Ndi mbali ya mitsempha ndipo imapanga maselo oyera, otchedwa ma lymphocyte, omwe amathandiza kulimbana ndi matenda. Khansayi nthawi zambiri imapanga pakati pa mapapu omwe ali kutsogolo kwa chifuwa ndipo imapezeka nthawi yapakati pa chifuwa cha x-ray chomwe chimachitika pachifukwa china.
Ngakhale thymoma ndi thymic carcinoma zimapanga mtundu womwewo wa selo, amachita mosiyana:
- Thymoma. Maselo a khansa amawoneka mofanana ndi maselo abwinobwino a thymus, amakula pang'onopang'ono, ndipo samakonda kufalikira kupitirira thymus. Thymoma ikhoza kukhala thymic carcinoma pakapita nthawi.
- Matenda a carcinoma. Maselo a khansa samawoneka ngati maselo abwinobwino a thymus, amakula mwachangu, ndipo amatha kufalikira mbali zina za thupi.
Mitundu ina ya zotupa, monga lymphoma kapena chotupa cha majeremusi, zimatha kupangidwa mu thymus, koma sizimawerengedwa kuti ndi thymoma kapena thymic carcinoma.
Zizindikiro za thymoma ndi thymic carcinoma zimaphatikizapo kukhosomola komanso kupuma movutikira.
Zizindikiro izi ndi zina zimatha kuyambitsidwa ndi thymoma ndi thymic carcinoma kapena matenda ena.
Funsani dokotala wa mwana wanu ngati mwana wanu ali ndi zotsatirazi:
- Kutsokomola.
- Kuvuta kupuma.
- Kupweteka kapena kumva mwamphamvu pachifuwa.
- Vuto kumeza.
- Kuopsa.
- Malungo.
- Kuchepetsa thupi.
- Matenda apamwamba a vena cava.
Ana omwe ali ndi thymoma kapena thymic carcinoma amathanso kukhala ndi mavuto ena azaumoyo.
Ana omwe ali ndi thymoma kapena thymic carcinoma amathanso kukhala ndi matendawa amthupi kapena matenda am'mimba:
- Myasthenia gravis.
- Aplasia yoyera yoyera.
- Hypogammaglobulinemia.
- Matenda a Nephrotic.
- Scleroderma.
- Dermatomyositis.
- Lupus.
- Matenda a nyamakazi.
- Chithokomiro.
- Hyperthyroidism.
- Matenda a Addison.
- Panhypopituitarism.
Mayeso omwe amafufuza thymus ndi chifuwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthandizira matenda a thymoma ndi thymic carcinoma.
Mayeso ndi njira zotsatirazi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito:
- Kuyezetsa thupi komanso mbiri yaumoyo: Kuyesedwa kwa thupi kuti muwone zizindikiritso zaumoyo, kuphatikizapo kuyang'ana ngati pali matenda, monga zotupa kapena china chilichonse chomwe chikuwoneka chachilendo. Mbiri yokhudzana ndi thanzi la wodwalayo komanso matenda am'mbuyomu komanso chithandizo chamankhwala adzachitidwanso.
- X-ray pachifuwa : X-ray ya ziwalo ndi mafupa mkati mwa chifuwa. X-ray ndi mtundu wa mphamvu yamphamvu yomwe imatha kupyola thupi ndikupita mufilimu, ndikupanga chithunzi cha madera omwe ali mthupi.
- CT scan (CAT scan): Njira yomwe imapanga zithunzi zingapo zamatupi amthupi, zojambulidwa mosiyanasiyana. Zithunzizo zimapangidwa ndi kompyuta yolumikizidwa ndi makina a x-ray. Utoto ukhoza kulowetsedwa mumtsempha kapena kumeza kuti ziwalo kapena ziwalo ziwoneke bwino. Njirayi imatchedwanso computed tomography, kompyuta tomography, kapena kompyuta axial tomography.
- MRI (magnetic resonance imaging): Njira yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito maginito, mafunde a wailesi, ndi kompyuta kuti ipange zithunzi zingapo za malo amkati mwa thupi. Njirayi imatchedwanso nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI).
- PET scan (positron emission tomography scan): Njira yopezera maselo oyipa mthupi. Gulu laling'ono la shuga (radio) limabayidwa mumtsempha. Chojambulira cha PET chimazungulira thupi ndikupanga chithunzi cha komwe glucose imagwiritsidwa ntchito mthupi. Maselo otupa owopsa amawonekera pachithunzichi chifukwa amakhala otanganidwa ndipo amatenga shuga wambiri kuposa momwe maselo amachitira.
- Biopsy: Kuchotsa kwa maselo kapena ziphuphu kotero kuti amatha kuwonedwa ndi microscope ndi wodwalayo kuti aone ngati ali ndi khansa.
Zinthu zina zimakhudzanso madandaulo (mwayi wochira).
Kulosera kumatengera izi:
- Kaya khansara ndi thymoma kapena thymic carcinoma.
- Kaya khansara yafalikira kumadera oyandikana kapena mbali zina za thupi.
- Kaya khansayo idachotsedwa kwathunthu ndi opareshoni.
- Kaya khansa yapezeka kumene kapena yabwereranso (kubwerera) mutalandira chithandizo.
Kulosera kwake kumakhala bwino ngati khansa isafalikire mbali zina za thupi. Matenda aubwana nthawi zambiri amapezeka kuti chotupacho chisanafalikire.
Magawo a Thymoma ndi Thymic Carcinoma
MFUNDO ZOFUNIKA
- Matenda a thymoma kapena thymic carcinoma atapezeka, amayesedwa kuti apeze ngati maselo a khansa afalikira kumadera oyandikira kapena mbali zina za thupi.
- Pali njira zitatu zomwe khansa imafalikira mthupi.
- Khansa imatha kufalikira pomwe idayamba kupita mbali zina za thupi.
Matenda a thymoma kapena thymic carcinoma atapezeka, amayesedwa kuti apeze ngati maselo a khansa afalikira kumadera oyandikira kapena mbali zina za thupi.
Njira yogwiritsira ntchito ngati thymoma kapena thymic carcinoma yafalikira kuchokera ku thymus kupita kumadera oyandikana nawo kapena mbali zina za thupi zimatchedwa staging. Thymoma ndi thymic carcinoma imafalikira m'mapapu, chiwindi, impso, kapena malo ozungulira mapapo ndi mtima. Zotsatira za mayeso ndi njira zomwe zachitika kuti mupeze thymoma kapena thymic carcinoma zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pothandiza kupanga zisankho zamankhwala.
Nthawi zina thymoma yaubwana kapena thymic carcinoma imabwereranso (imabwerera) itatha mankhwala.
Pali njira zitatu zomwe khansa imafalikira mthupi.
Khansa imatha kufalikira kudzera mu minofu, ma lymph system, ndi magazi:
- Minofu. Khansara imafalikira kuchokera pomwe idayamba ndikukula kupita kumadera oyandikana nawo.
- Lymph dongosolo. Khansara imafalikira kuchokera pomwe idayamba polowa m'mitsempha. Khansara imadutsa m'mitsempha yamafuta kupita mbali zina za thupi.
- Magazi. Khansara imafalikira kuchokera pomwe idayamba ndikulowa m'magazi. Khansara imadutsa m'mitsempha yamagazi kupita mbali zina za thupi.
Khansa imatha kufalikira pomwe idayamba kupita mbali zina za thupi.
Khansa ikafalikira mbali ina ya thupi, imatchedwa metastasis. Maselo a khansa amachoka pomwe adayamba (chotupa choyambirira) ndikuyenda mumitsempha kapena magazi.
- Lymph dongosolo. Khansara imalowa mumitsempha, imadutsa m'mitsempha yamafuta, ndikupanga chotupa (chotupa cha metastatic) gawo lina la thupi.
- Magazi. Khansara imalowa m'magazi, imadutsa m'mitsempha yamagazi, ndikupanga chotupa (chotupa cha metastatic) gawo lina la thupi.
Chotupa cha metastatic ndi khansa yofanana ndi chotupa chachikulu. Mwachitsanzo, ngati thymic carcinoma imafalikira m'mapapu, maselo a khansa m'mapapo alidi ma cell a thymic carcinoma. Matendawa ndi metastatic thymic carcinoma, osati khansa yamapapo.
Chithandizo Chosankha Mwachidule
MFUNDO ZOFUNIKA
- Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chithandizo cha ana omwe ali ndi thymoma kapena thymic carcinoma.
- Ana omwe ali ndi thymoma kapena thymic carcinoma ayenera kukonzekera kukonzekera ndi gulu la madokotala omwe ndi akatswiri othandiza khansa yaubwana.
- Mitundu isanu yamankhwala amtundu uliwonse imagwiritsidwa ntchito:
- Opaleshoni
- Thandizo la radiation
- Chemotherapy
- Thandizo la mahomoni
- Chithandizo chofuna
- Mitundu yatsopano yamankhwala ikuyesedwa m'mayesero azachipatala.
- Chithandizo cha thymoma ndi thymic carcinoma chingayambitse zovuta.
- Odwala angaganize zopita nawo kukayezetsa.
- Odwala amatha kulowa m'mayesero azachipatala asanayambe, asanayambe, kapena atayamba kulandira chithandizo cha khansa.
- Mayeso otsatirawa angafunike.
Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chithandizo cha ana omwe ali ndi thymoma kapena thymic carcinoma.
Mankhwala ena ndi ofanana (mankhwala omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito pano), ndipo ena akuyesedwa m'mayesero azachipatala. Kuyesedwa kwachipatala ndi kafukufuku wofufuza wothandizira kusintha chithandizo chamakono kapena kupeza zidziwitso zamankhwala atsopano kwa odwala khansa. Pamene mayesero azachipatala awonetsa kuti chithandizo chatsopano ndichabwino kuposa chithandizo chamankhwala, chithandizocho chitha kukhala chamankhwala wamba.
Chifukwa khansa mwa ana ndiyosowa, kutenga nawo mbali pakuyesa kwachipatala kuyenera kuganiziridwa. Mayesero ena azachipatala ndi otseguka kwa odwala omwe sanayambe kulandira chithandizo.
Ana omwe ali ndi thymoma kapena thymic carcinoma ayenera kukonzekera kukonzekera ndi gulu la madokotala omwe ndi akatswiri othandiza khansa yaubwana.
Chithandizo chidzayang'aniridwa ndi oncologist wa ana, dokotala yemwe amadziwika bwino pochiza ana omwe ali ndi khansa. Katswiri wa oncologist amagwira ana ndi akatswiri ena azaumoyo a ana omwe ndi akatswiri pochiza ana omwe ali ndi khansa komanso omwe amadziwika bwino pamankhwala ena. Izi zingaphatikizepo akatswiri awa ndi ena:
- Dokotala wa ana.
- Dokotala wa ana.
- Wofufuza oncologist.
- Wodwala.
- Katswiri wa namwino wa ana.
- Wogwira ntchito.
- Katswiri wokonzanso.
- Katswiri wa zamaganizo.
- Katswiri wa moyo wa ana.
Mitundu isanu yamankhwala amtundu uliwonse imagwiritsidwa ntchito:
Opaleshoni
Opaleshoni yochotsa khansara ndiye mankhwala akulu a thymoma ndi thymic carcinoma. Komabe, thymic carcinoma sichingachotsedwe kwathunthu ndi opareshoni ndipo imatha kubwereranso (itabwerera) mutalandira chithandizo.
Thandizo la radiation
Thandizo la radiation ndi chithandizo cha khansa chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito ma x-ray amphamvu kapena mitundu ina ya radiation kuti iphe ma cell a khansa kapena kuti asakule. Thandizo la radiation lakunja limagwiritsa ntchito makina kunja kwa thupi kuti atumize cheza chakuthupi ndi khansa.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy ndi mankhwala a khansa omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa kukula kwa maselo a khansa, mwina popha ma cell kapena kuwaletsa kuti asagawane. Chemotherapy ikamamwa pakamwa kapena kulowetsedwa mumtsempha kapena minofu, mankhwalawa amalowa m'magazi ndipo amatha kufikira ma cell a khansa mthupi lonse (systemic chemotherapy).
Thandizo la mahomoni
Thandizo la mahomoni ndi mankhwala a khansa omwe amachotsa mahomoni kapena amalepheretsa zochita zawo ndikuletsa maselo a khansa kuti asakule. Mahomoni ndi zinthu zomwe zimapangidwa ndi tiziwalo timene timatuluka m'thupi ndipo timayenda m'magazi. Mahomoni ena amatha kupangitsa khansa kukula. Ngati kuyesa kukuwonetsa kuti maselo a khansa ali ndi malo omwe mahomoni amatha kulumikizana (zolandilira), mankhwala amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa kupangika kwa mahomoni kapena kuwaletsa kuti asagwire ntchito. Mankhwala a Hormone ogwiritsa ntchito corticosteroids kapena octreotide atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza thymoma.
Chithandizo chofuna
Chithandizo chomwe mukufuna ndi mtundu wamankhwala omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena zinthu zina kuti azindikire ndikuwukira maselo ena a khansa. Njira zochiritsira zomwe zimayang'aniridwa sizimavulaza maselo wamba kuposa chemotherapy kapena radiation.
- Tyrosine kinase inhibitors: Mankhwalawa amalimbana ndi zotupa kuti zikule. Sunitinib imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza thymoma ndi thymic carcinoma yomwe sinayankhe mankhwala ena.
Chithandizo chomwe chikuyembekezeredwa chikuwerengedwa pochiza thymoma ndi thymic carcinoma yomwe yabwereranso (kubwerera).
Mitundu yatsopano yamankhwala ikuyesedwa m'mayesero azachipatala.
Zambiri zamayeso azachipatala zimapezeka patsamba la NCI.
Chithandizo cha thymoma ndi thymic carcinoma chingayambitse zovuta.
Kuti mumve zambiri zamankhwala oyambilira omwe amayamba mukalandira chithandizo cha khansa, onani tsamba lathu la Zotsatira Zotsatira.
Zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwala a khansa omwe amayamba atalandira chithandizo ndikupitilira kwa miyezi kapena zaka amatchedwa zotsatira zakuchedwa. Zotsatira zakumapeto kwa chithandizo cha khansa zitha kuphatikiza:
- Mavuto athupi.
- Kusintha kwa malingaliro, malingaliro, kuganiza, kuphunzira, kapena kukumbukira.
- Khansa yachiwiri (mitundu yatsopano ya khansa) kapena zovuta zina.
Zotsatira zina mochedwa zimatha kuthandizidwa kapena kuwongoleredwa. Ndikofunika kulankhula ndi madokotala a mwana wanu za zomwe zingachitike mochedwa chifukwa cha mankhwala ena. Onani chidule cha pa Zotsatira Zotsiriza za Chithandizo cha Khansa ya Ana kuti mumve zambiri.
Odwala angaganize zopita nawo kukayezetsa.
Kwa odwala ena, kutenga nawo mbali pakuyesa chithandizo chachipatala kungakhale njira yabwino kwambiri yothandizira. Mayesero azachipatala ndi gawo limodzi la kafukufuku wa khansa. Mayesero azachipatala amachitika kuti apeze ngati mankhwala atsopano a khansa ndi otetezeka komanso ogwira ntchito kapena abwinoko kuposa mankhwala wamba.
Njira zambiri zamankhwala zochiritsira khansa zimachokera kumayeso am'mbuyomu azachipatala. Odwala omwe amatenga nawo mbali pachipatala atha kulandira chithandizo chofananira kapena kukhala oyamba kulandira chithandizo chatsopano.
Odwala omwe amatenga nawo mbali pazoyeserera zamankhwala amathandizanso kukonza momwe khansa idzathandizire mtsogolo. Ngakhale mayesero azachipatala satsogolera kuchipatala chatsopano, nthawi zambiri amayankha mafunso ofunikira ndikuthandizira kupititsa patsogolo kafukufuku.
Odwala amatha kulowa m'mayesero azachipatala asanayambe, asanayambe, kapena atayamba kulandira chithandizo cha khansa.
Mayesero ena azachipatala amangophatikizapo odwala omwe sanalandire chithandizo. Mayesero ena amayesa chithandizo kwa odwala omwe khansa yawo sinakhale bwino. Palinso mayesero azachipatala omwe amayesa njira zatsopano zothetsera khansa kuti isabwererenso (kubwerera) kapena kuchepetsa zovuta zoyambitsidwa ndi khansa.
Mayesero azachipatala akuchitika m'malo ambiri mdziko muno. Zambiri zamayeso azachipatala othandizidwa ndi NCI zitha kupezeka patsamba lofufuza zamankhwala la NCI. Mayesero azachipatala othandizidwa ndi mabungwe ena amapezeka patsamba la ClinicalTrials.gov.
Mayeso otsatirawa angafunike.
Ena mwa mayesero omwe adachitika kuti apeze khansa kapena kuti adziwe momwe khansa iliri angabwerezedwenso. Mayesero ena adzabwerezedwa kuti awone momwe mankhwalawa akugwirira ntchito. Zisankho zakuti mupitilize, kusintha, kapena kusiya kulandira chithandizo zitha kutengera zotsatira za mayeso awa.
Kuyesaku kumangopitilira kuchitika nthawi ndi nthawi mankhwala atatha. Zotsatira zamayesowa zitha kuwonetsa ngati matenda a mwana wanu asintha kapena ngati khansa yabwereranso (kubwerera). Mayesowa nthawi zina amatchedwa kuyesa kutsata kapena kukayezetsa.
Chithandizo cha Thymoma
Kuti mumve zambiri zamankhwala omwe atchulidwa pansipa, onani gawo la Chisankho Chachidule.
Chithandizo cha thymoma yomwe mwangopezeka kumene ingaphatikizepo izi:
- Opaleshoni yochotsa chotupa chonse momwe zingathere.
- Thandizo la radiation, kwa zotupa zomwe sizingachotsedwe ndi opaleshoni kapena ngati chotupa chimatsalira pambuyo pochitidwa opaleshoni.
- Chemotherapy, ya zotupa zomwe sizimayankha mankhwala ena.
- Thandizo la mahomoni (octreotide), la zotupa zomwe sizimayankha mankhwala ena.
- Chithandizo choyenera (sunitinib), cha zotupa zomwe sizinayankhe mankhwala ena.
Gwiritsani ntchito kusaka kwathu kwamankhwala kuti mupeze mayesero azachipatala omwe amathandizidwa ndi NCI omwe akulandira odwala. Mutha kusaka mayesero kutengera mtundu wa khansa, zaka za wodwalayo, komanso komwe mayeserowo akuchitika. Zambiri pazokhudza mayesero azachipatala zimapezekanso.
Chithandizo cha Thymic Carcinoma
Kuti mumve zambiri zamankhwala omwe atchulidwa pansipa, onani gawo la Chisankho Chachidule.
Chithandizo cha thymic carcinoma chingaphatikizepo izi:
- Opaleshoni yochotsa chotupa chonse momwe zingathere.
- Thandizo la radiation, kwa zotupa zomwe sizingachotsedwe ndi opaleshoni kapena ngati chotupa chimatsalira pambuyo pochitidwa opaleshoni.
- Chemotherapy, ya zotupa zomwe sizinayankhe mankhwala a radiation.
- Chithandizo choyenera (sunitinib), cha zotupa zomwe sizinayankhe mankhwala ena.
Gwiritsani ntchito kusaka kwathu kwamankhwala kuti mupeze mayesero azachipatala omwe amathandizidwa ndi NCI omwe akulandira odwala. Mutha kusaka mayesero kutengera mtundu wa khansa, zaka za wodwalayo, komanso komwe mayeserowo akuchitika. Zambiri pazokhudza mayesero azachipatala zimapezekanso.
Kuchiza kwa Recurrent Thymoma ndi Thymic Carcinoma
Kuti mumve zambiri zamankhwala omwe atchulidwa pansipa, onani gawo la Chisankho Chachidule.
Chithandizo cha thymoma chokhazikika ndi thymic carcinoma mwa ana chingaphatikizepo izi:
- Kuyesedwa kwachipatala komwe kumayang'ana chotupa cha wodwalayo ngati majini ena asintha. Mtundu wa mankhwala omwe akulimbikitsidwa omwe adzapatsidwe kwa wodwala umadalira mtundu wa kusintha kwa majini.
Gwiritsani ntchito kusaka kwathu kwamankhwala kuti mupeze mayesero azachipatala omwe amathandizidwa ndi NCI omwe akulandira odwala. Mutha kusaka mayesero kutengera mtundu wa khansa, zaka za wodwalayo, komanso komwe mayeserowo akuchitika. Zambiri pazokhudza mayesero azachipatala zimapezekanso.
Kuti mudziwe zambiri za Thymoma ndi Thymic Carcinoma
Kuti mumve zambiri kuchokera ku National Cancer Institute yokhudza thymoma yaubwana ndi thymic carcinoma, onani izi:
- Thymoma ndi Thymic Carcinoma Tsamba Loyambira
- Computed Tomography (CT) Zithunzi ndi Khansa
- Njira Zochizira Khansa
Kuti mumve zambiri za khansa yaubwana ndi zina zothandiza za khansa, onani izi:
- Za Khansa
- Khansa Za Ana
- Cure Search for Cancer ya Ana Tulukani Chodzikanira
- Zotsatira Zochedwetsa Khansa Yaana
- Achinyamata ndi Achinyamata Achikulire ndi Khansa
- Ana omwe ali ndi khansa: Upangiri wa Makolo
- Khansa mwa Ana ndi Achinyamata
- Kusinthana
- Kulimbana ndi khansa
- Mafunso oti mufunse dokotala wanu za khansa
- Kwa Opulumuka ndi Owasamalira
Thandizani kutsitsimutsa kwama ndemanga