Types/penile/patient/penile-treatment-pdq

Chithandizo cha Penile Cancer (®) -Patient Version

Zambiri Zokhudza Khansa ya Penile

MFUNDO ZOFUNIKA

• Khansa ya penile ndi matenda omwe ma cell owopsa (khansa) amapangidwa m'matumba a mbolo.

• Matenda a papillomavirus a anthu atha kukulitsa chiopsezo chokhala ndi khansa ya penile.

• Zizindikiro za khansa ya penile zimaphatikizapo zilonda, kutuluka, ndi magazi.

• Kuyesa komwe kumayesa mbolo kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira (kupeza) ndikuzindikira khansa ya penile.

• Zinthu zina zimakhudzanso madandaulo (mwayi wochira) ndi njira zamankhwala.

Khansa ya penile ndi matenda omwe ma cell owopsa (khansa) amapangidwa m'matumba a mbolo.

Mbolo ndi chiwalo choberekera chachimuna chofanana ndi ndodo chomwe chimadutsa umuna ndi mkodzo kuchokera mthupi. Lili ndi mitundu iwiri ya minofu ya erectile (minyewa ya siponji yokhala ndi mitsempha yamagazi yomwe imadzaza ndi magazi kuti imange)

• Corpora cavernosa: Mizati iwiri ya minofu ya erectile yomwe imapanga mbolo yambiri.

• Corpus spongiosum: Gawo limodzi la minofu ya erectile yomwe imapanga gawo laling'ono la mbolo. Corpus spongiosum imazungulira urethra (chubu chomwe mkodzo ndi umuna zimadutsa mthupi).

Minofu ya erectile imakulungidwa ndi minofu yolumikizana ndikuphimbidwa ndi khungu. Glans (mutu wa mbolo) waphimbidwa ndi khungu lotayirira lotchedwa khungu.

Anatomy ya mbolo. Ziwalo za mbolo ndizoyambira, shaft, glans, ndi khungu. Minofu yomwe imapanga mbolo imaphatikizapo mitsempha yam'mimba, mitsempha yamagazi, minofu yolumikizana, ndi minofu ya erectile (corpus cavernosum ndi corpus spongiosum). Mtsempha wa mkodzo umadutsa kuchokera mu chikhodzodzo kupita kumapeto kwa mbolo.

Matenda a papillomavirus a anthu atha kukulitsa chiopsezo chokhala ndi khansa ya penile.

Chilichonse chomwe chimakulitsa mwayi wanu wodwala chimatchedwa chiopsezo. Kukhala ndi chiwopsezo sikutanthauza kuti udzakhala ndi khansa; kusakhala ndi zoopsa sikutanthauza kuti simudzakhala ndi khansa. Lankhulani ndi dokotala ngati mukuganiza kuti mutha kukhala pachiwopsezo. Zowopsa za khansa ya penile ndi izi:

Mdulidwe ungathandize kupewa matenda a kachilombo ka papillomavirus (HPV). Mdulidwe ndi ntchito yomwe dokotala amachotsa gawo kapena khungu lonse la mbolo. Anyamata ambiri amadulidwa atangobadwa kumene. Amuna omwe sanadulidwe pobadwa atha kukhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga khansa ya penile.

Zina mwaziwopsezo za khansa ya penile ndi izi:

• Kukhala wazaka 60 kapena kupitirira.

• Kukhala ndi phimosis (vuto lomwe khungu la mbolo silingabwezeretsedwe pamwamba pa glans).

• Kukhala wopanda ukhondo.

• Kukhala ndi zibwenzi zambiri.

• Kugwiritsa ntchito fodya.

Zizindikiro za khansa ya penile zimaphatikizapo zilonda, kutuluka, ndi magazi.

Izi ndi zizindikilo zina zimatha kuyambitsidwa ndi khansa ya penile kapena zina. Funsani dokotala ngati muli ndi izi:

• Kufiira, kupsa mtima, kapena zilonda pa mbolo.

• Bulu pa mbolo.

Kuyesa komwe kumayesa mbolo kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira (kupeza) ndikuzindikira khansa ya penile.

Mayeso ndi njira zotsatirazi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito:

• Kuyeza kwakuthupi ndi mbiri: Kuyeza thupi kuti muwone ngati muli ndi thanzi labwino, kuphatikiza kuyang'ana mbolo ngati kuli matenda, monga zotupa kapena china chilichonse chomwe chikuwoneka chachilendo. Mbiri yokhudzana ndi thanzi la wodwalayo komanso matenda am'mbuyomu komanso chithandizo chamankhwala adzachitidwanso.

• Biopsy: Kuchotsa kwa maselo kapena ziphuphu kotero kuti amatha kuwonedwa ndi microscope ndi wodwalayo kuti aone ngati ali ndi khansa. Zitsanzo za minofu zimachotsedwa pa imodzi mwanjira izi:

• Incopal biopsy: Kuchotsa gawo limodzi kapena mtundu wina wa minofu yomwe sikuwoneka bwino.

• Chidwi chodabwitsa: Kuchotsa chotupa chonse kapena gawo la mnofu lomwe silikuwoneka bwino.

Zinthu zina zimakhudzanso madandaulo (mwayi wochira) ndi njira zamankhwala.

Kulosera (mwayi wochira) ndi njira zamankhwala zimadalira izi:

• Gawo la khansa.

• Malo ndi kukula kwa chotupacho.

• Kaya khansa yapezeka kumene kapena yabwereranso (bwererani).

Magawo a Khansa ya Penile

MFUNDO ZOFUNIKA

• Khansa ya penile itapezeka, amayesedwa kuti apeze ngati maselo a khansa afalikira mkati mwa mbolo kapena mbali zina za thupi.

• Pali njira zitatu zomwe khansa imafalikira mthupi.

• Khansa imatha kufalikira pomwe idayamba kupita mbali zina za thupi.

• Magawo otsatirawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa khansa ya penile:

• Gawo 0

• Gawo I

• Gawo II

• Gawo III

• Gawo IV

Khansa ya penile itapezeka, amayesedwa kuti apeze ngati maselo a khansa afalikira mkati mwa mbolo kapena mbali zina za thupi.

Njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza ngati khansara yafalikira mkati mwa mbolo kapena mbali zina za thupi imatchedwa staging. Zomwe amapeza kuchokera pakukonzekera zimatsimikizira gawo la matendawa. Ndikofunikira kudziwa siteji kuti mukonzekere chithandizo.

Mayeso ndi njira zotsatirazi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza:

• CT scan (CAT scan): Njira yomwe imapanga zithunzi zingapo zamatupi amthupi, monga chiuno, zojambulidwa mosiyanasiyana. Zithunzizo zimapangidwa ndi kompyuta yolumikizidwa ndi makina a x-ray. Utoto ukhoza kulowetsedwa mumtsempha kapena kumeza kuti ziwalo kapena ziwalo ziwoneke bwino. Njirayi imatchedwanso computed tomography, kompyuta tomography, kapena kompyuta axial tomography.

• PET scan (positron emission tomography scan): Njira yopezera maselo oyipa mthupi. Gulu laling'ono la shuga (radio) limabayidwa mumtsempha. Chojambulira cha PET chimazungulira thupi ndikupanga chithunzi cha komwe glucose imagwiritsidwa ntchito mthupi. Maselo otupa owopsa amawonekera pachithunzichi chifukwa amakhala otanganidwa ndipo amatenga shuga wambiri kuposa momwe maselo amachitira. Njirayi ikachitika nthawi imodzi ndi CT scan, imatchedwa PET / CT scan.

• MRI (magnetic resonance imaging): Njira yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito maginito, mafunde a wailesi, ndi kompyuta kuti ipange zithunzi zingapo za malo amkati mwa thupi. Chinthu chotchedwa gadolinium chimalowetsedwa mumtsempha. Gadolinium imasonkhanitsa mozungulira maselo a khansa kuti athe kuwonekera pachithunzichi. Njirayi imatchedwanso nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI).

• Kuyesa kwa Ultrasound: Njira yomwe mafunde amawu amphamvu (ultrasound) amachotsedwa pamatumba kapena ziwalo zamkati ndikupanga mawonekedwe. Zolembawo amapanga chithunzi cha matupi amthupi otchedwa sonogram.

• X-ray pachifuwa : X-ray ya ziwalo ndi mafupa mkati mwa chifuwa. X-ray ndi mtundu wa mphamvu yamphamvu yomwe imatha kupyola thupi ndikupita mufilimu, ndikupanga chithunzi cha madera omwe ali mthupi.

• Biopsy: Kuchotsa kwa maselo kapena ziphuphu kotero kuti amatha kuwonedwa ndi microscope ndi wodwalayo kuti aone ngati ali ndi khansa. Zitsanzo za minofu zimachotsedwa pa imodzi mwanjira izi:

• Sentinel lymph node biopsy: Kuchotsa kwa sentinel lymph node panthawi yochita opareshoni. Sentinel lymph node ndiye njira yoyamba yam'magulu am'magazi kuti alandire madzi m'mimba kuchokera pachotupa choyambirira. Ndi lymph node yoyamba yomwe khansa imafalikira kuchokera ku chotupa choyambirira. Mankhwala a radioactive ndi / kapena utoto wabuluu amabayidwa pafupi ndi chotupacho. Katunduyu kapena utoto umadutsa m'mitsempha yam'mimba kupita kumalo am'mimba. Nthenda yoyamba yolandila mankhwala kapena utoto imachotsedwa. Wodwala amayang'ana minofu pansi pa microscope kuti ayang'ane maselo a khansa. Ngati maselo a khansa sapezeka, mwina sikofunikira kuchotsa ma lymph node ambiri. Nthawi zina, sentinel lymph node imapezeka m'magulu angapo am'magulu.

• Lymph node dissection: Njira yochotsera ma lymph node amodzi kapena angapo m'mimbamo panthawi yochita opareshoni. Zitsanzo za minofu zimayang'aniridwa ndi microscope ngati pali zizindikiro za khansa. Njirayi imatchedwanso lymphadenectomy.

Pali njira zitatu zomwe khansa imafalikira mthupi.

Khansa imatha kufalikira kudzera mu minofu, ma lymph system, ndi magazi:

• Minofu. Khansara imafalikira kuchokera pomwe idayamba ndikukula kupita kumadera oyandikana nawo.

• Lymph dongosolo. Khansara imafalikira kuchokera pomwe idayamba polowa m'mitsempha. Khansara imadutsa m'mitsempha yamafuta kupita mbali zina za thupi.

• Magazi. Khansara imafalikira kuchokera pomwe idayamba ndikulowa m'magazi. Khansara imadutsa m'mitsempha yamagazi kupita mbali zina za thupi.

Khansa imatha kufalikira pomwe idayamba kupita mbali zina za thupi.

Khansa ikafalikira mbali ina ya thupi, imatchedwa metastasis. Maselo a khansa amachoka pomwe adayamba (chotupa choyambirira) ndikuyenda mumitsempha kapena magazi.

• Lymph dongosolo. Khansara imalowa mumitsempha, imadutsa m'mitsempha yamafuta, ndikupanga chotupa (chotupa cha metastatic) gawo lina la thupi.

• Magazi. Khansara imalowa m'magazi, imadutsa m'mitsempha yamagazi, ndikupanga chotupa (chotupa cha metastatic) gawo lina la thupi.

Chotupa cha metastatic ndi khansa yofanana ndi chotupa chachikulu. Mwachitsanzo, ngati khansa ya penile imafalikira m'mapapu, maselo a khansa m'mapapo kwenikweni ndi maselo a khansa ya penile. Matendawa ndi khansa ya penile, osati khansa ya m'mapapo.

Magawo otsatirawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa khansa ya penile:

Gawo 0

Gawo 0 lagawidwa magawo 0is ndi 0a.

• Pa gawo 0is, maselo osadziwika amapezeka pamwamba pa khungu la mbolo. Maselo achilendowa amapanga zophuka zomwe zingakhale khansa ndikufalikira m'minyewa yabwinobwino. Gawo 0is limatchedwanso carcinoma in situ kapena penile intraepithelial neoplasia.

• Mu gawo la 0a, khansa yama cell osalala yomwe siyikufalikira imapezeka pakhungu la mbolo kapena pansi pamunsi pa khungu la mbolo. Gawo 0a limatchedwanso noninvasive komwe kuli squamous cell carcinoma.

Gawo I

Pachigawo choyamba ine, khansara yakhala ikufalikira mpaka kumunsi kwa khungu la mbolo. Khansara siyinafalikire m'mitsempha yamitsempha, mitsempha yamagazi, kapena misempha. Maselo a khansa amawoneka ngati maselo abwinobwino pansi pa microscope.

Gawo II

Gawo II lidagawika magawo IIA ndi IIB.

Mu gawo IIA, khansa yafalikira:

• mpaka kumunsi kwa khungu la mbolo. Khansara yafalikira ku mitsempha yamagulu, mitsempha ya magazi, ndi / kapena mitsempha; kapena

• mpaka kumunsi kwa khungu la mbolo. Pansi pa microscope, maselo a khansa amawoneka osazolowereka kwambiri kapena maselo amakhala sarcomatoid; kapena

• kulowa mu corpus spongiosum (siponji erectile thupilo mu shaft ndi glans zomwe zimadzaza magazi kuti apange erection).

Mu gawo IIB, khansa yafalikira:

• kudzera mu chingwe cholumikizira chomwe chimazungulira corpus cavernosum ndikulowetsa mu corpus cavernosum (minyewa ya erectile ya spongy yomwe imayenderera kutsinde kwa mbolo).

Gawo III

Gawo lachitatu lagawidwa magawo IIIA ndi gawo IIIB. Khansa imapezeka mbolo.

• Mu gawo IIIA, khansa yafalikira ku 1 kapena 2 ma lymph node mbali imodzi ya kubuula.

• Gawo lachiwiri IIIB, khansa yafalikira ku ma 3 kapena kuposa ma lymph node mbali imodzi ya kubuula kapena kumatupa am'mimba mbali zonse ziwiri za kubuula.

Gawo IV

Mu gawo IV, khansa yafalikira:

• kumatenda omwe ali pafupi ndi mbolo, monga scrotum, prostate, kapena pubic bone, ndipo atha kufalikira kumatenda am'mimba m'mimba kapena m'chiuno; kapena

• kumatenda amodzi kapena angapo am'chiuno, kapena khansara yafalikira kudzera pachikuto chakumaso kupita kumtunda wapafupi; kapena

• kumatenda am'mimba kunja kwa chiuno kapena mbali zina za thupi, monga mapapo, chiwindi, kapena fupa.

Khansa Yakale ya Penile

Khansa yapakhungu ya penile ndi khansa yomwe yabwereranso (kubwerera) itachiritsidwa. Khansara imatha kubwerera ku mbolo kapena mbali zina za thupi.

Chithandizo Chosankha Mwachidule

MFUNDO ZOFUNIKA

• Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chithandizo cha odwala khansa ya penile.

• Mitundu inayi yamankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito amagwiritsidwa ntchito:

• Opaleshoni

• Thandizo la radiation

• Chemotherapy

• Thandizo la biologic

• Mitundu yatsopano yamankhwala ikuyesedwa m'mayesero azachipatala.

• Othandizira ma Radiosensitizers

• Sentinel lymph node biopsy yotsatira ndi opaleshoni

• Chithandizo cha khansa ya penile chingayambitse mavuto.

• Odwala angaganize zopita nawo kukayezetsa.

• Odwala amatha kulowa m'mayesero azachipatala asanayambe, asanayambe, kapena atayamba kulandira chithandizo cha khansa.

• Mayeso otsatirawa angafunike.

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chithandizo cha odwala khansa ya penile.

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chithandizo kwa odwala omwe ali ndi khansa ya penile. Mankhwala ena ndi ofanana (mankhwala omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito pano), ndipo ena akuyesedwa m'mayesero azachipatala. Kuyesedwa kwachipatala ndi kafukufuku wofufuza wothandizira kusintha chithandizo chamakono kapena kupeza zidziwitso zamankhwala atsopano kwa odwala khansa. Pamene mayesero azachipatala awonetsa kuti chithandizo chatsopano ndichabwino kuposa chithandizo chamankhwala, chithandizocho chitha kukhala chamankhwala wamba. Odwala angaganize zopita nawo kukayezetsa. Mayesero ena azachipatala ndi otseguka kwa odwala omwe sanayambe kulandira chithandizo.

Mitundu inayi yamankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito amagwiritsidwa ntchito:

Opaleshoni

Opaleshoni ndi mankhwala odziwika kwambiri pamagawo onse a khansa ya penile. Dokotala akhoza kuchotsa khansara pogwiritsa ntchito izi:

• Mohs microsurgery: Njira yomwe chotupacho chimadulidwira pakhungu pang'onopang'ono. Pochita opaleshoniyi, m'mphepete mwa chotupacho ndi chotupa chilichonse chotulutsidwa chimayang'aniridwa kudzera pa microscope kuti mufufuze ma cell a khansa. Zigawo zikupitilirabe kuchotsedwa mpaka pomwe sipadzakhalanso maselo a khansa. Opaleshoni yotereyi imachotsa minofu yabwinobwino momwe ingathere ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa khansa pakhungu. Amatchedwanso opaleshoni ya Mohs.

Mohs opaleshoni. Njira yochotsera zotupa zowoneka pakhungu m'njira zingapo. Choyamba, kansalu kakang'ono ka khansa kamachotsedwa. Kenako, chingwe chachiwiri chochepa kwambiri chimachotsedwa ndikuwonedwa pansi pa microscope kuti aone ngati ali ndi khansa. Magawo ena amachotsedwa kamodzi mpaka minofu yowonedwa pansi pa microscope ikuwonetsa kuti palibe khansa yotsalira. Opaleshoni yamtunduwu imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa minofu yabwinobwino momwe angathere.

• Opaleshoni ya Laser: Njira yochitira opaleshoni yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mtanda wa laser (kamtengo kakang'ono kowala kwambiri) ngati mpeni wopangira zopanda magazi m'magazi kapena kuchotsa zotupa zapamtunda monga chotupa.

• Cryosurgery: Chithandizo chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito chida chozizira ndi kuwononga minofu yachilendo. Mankhwalawa amatchedwanso cryotherapy.

• Mdulidwe: Kuchita opaleshoni kuchotsa gawo kapena khungu lonse la mbolo.

• Kudulira kwina konse: Kuchita opaleshoni kuti muchotse khansa yokha ndi ziwalo zina zozungulira.

• Kudula mbolo: Kuchita opaleshoni kuchotsa gawo kapena mbolo yonse. Ngati gawo la mbolo likuchotsedwa, ndi penectomy pang'ono. Ngati mbolo yonse itachotsedwa, ndiye kuti penectomy ndi yathunthu.

Matenda am'mimba m'mimba amatha kutulutsidwa pa opaleshoni.

Dokotala atachotsa khansa yonse yomwe imawonekera panthawi yochitidwa opaleshoniyi, odwala ena atha kupatsidwa chemotherapy kapena radiation pochita opaleshoni kuti aphe maselo aliwonse a khansa omwe atsala. Chithandizo chomwe chimaperekedwa pambuyo pa opareshoni, kuti muchepetse chiopsezo kuti khansa ibwererenso, amatchedwa adjuvant therapy.

' Cheza mankhwala

Thandizo la radiation ndi chithandizo cha khansa chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito ma x-ray amphamvu kapena mitundu ina ya radiation kuti iphe ma cell a khansa kapena kuti asakule. Pali mitundu iwiri ya mankhwala a radiation:

• Mankhwala ochiritsira akunja amagwiritsa ntchito makina kunja kwa thupi kuti atumize cheza chaku khansa.

• Njira yothandizira poizoniyu yamkati imagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a radioactive otsekedwa ndi singano, njere, mawaya, kapena ma catheters omwe amayikidwa mwachindunji kapena pafupi ndi khansa.

Momwe mankhwala a radiation amaperekedwera zimadalira mtundu ndi gawo la khansa yomwe ikuthandizidwa. Mankhwala akunja amkati ndi amkati amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza khansa ya penile.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy ndi mankhwala a khansa omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa kukula kwa maselo a khansa, mwina popha ma cell kapena kuwaletsa kuti asagawane. Chemotherapy ikamamwa pakamwa kapena kulowetsedwa mumtsempha kapena minofu, mankhwalawa amalowa m'magazi ndipo amatha kufikira ma cell a khansa mthupi lonse (systemic chemotherapy). Chemotherapy ikaikidwa molunjika pakhungu (topical chemotherapy) kapena m'matumbo a cerebrospinal, chiwalo, kapena malo am'mimba monga pamimba, mankhwalawa amakhudza kwambiri ma cell a khansa m'malo amenewo (Regional chemotherapy). Momwe chemotherapy imaperekedwa imadalira mtundu ndi gawo la khansa yomwe ikuchitidwa.

Matenda apamwamba a chemotherapy atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza khansa ya penile ya siteji 0.

Onani Mankhwala Ovomerezeka a Khansa ya Penile kuti mumve zambiri.

Thandizo la biologic

Thandizo la biologic ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsa ntchito chitetezo cha mthupi la wodwalayo polimbana ndi khansa. Zinthu zomwe thupi limapanga kapena zopangidwa mu labotale zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukulitsa, kuwongolera, kapena kubwezeretsa chitetezo chamthupi cha khansa. Chithandizo cha khansa choterechi chimatchedwanso biotherapy kapena immunotherapy. Mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito imiquimod atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza khansa ya penile.

Mitundu yatsopano yamankhwala ikuyesedwa m'mayesero azachipatala.

Gawo lachiduleli likufotokoza zamankhwala omwe akuwerengedwa m'mayesero azachipatala. Sizingatchule chithandizo chilichonse chatsopano chomwe akuphunzira. Zambiri zamayeso azachipatala zimapezeka patsamba la NCI.

Othandizira ma Radiosensitizers

Ma Radiosensitizers ndi mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti maselo am'mimba azindikire kwambiri mankhwalawa. Kuphatikiza mankhwala a radiation ndi ma radiosensitizers kumathandizira kupha ma cell ambiri otupa.

Sentinel lymph node biopsy yotsatira ndi opaleshoni

Sentinel lymph node biopsy ndikuchotsa kwa sentinel lymph node panthawi yochita opareshoni. Sentinel lymph node ndiye njira yoyamba yam'magulu am'magazi kuti alandire madzi am'mimba kuchokera pachotupa choyambirira. Ndi lymph node yoyamba yomwe khansa imafalikira kuchokera ku chotupa choyambirira. Mankhwala a radioactive ndi / kapena utoto wabuluu amabayidwa pafupi ndi chotupacho. Katunduyu kapena utoto umadutsa m'mitsempha yam'mimba kupita kumalo am'mimba. Nthenda yoyamba yolandila mankhwala kapena utoto imachotsedwa. Wodwala amayang'ana minofu pansi pa microscope kuti ayang'ane maselo a khansa. Ngati maselo a khansa sapezeka, mwina sikofunikira kuchotsa ma lymph node ambiri. Nthawi zina, sentinel lymph node imapezeka m'magulu angapo am'magulu. Pambuyo pa sentinel lymph node biopsy, dokotalayo amachotsa khansa.

Chithandizo cha khansa ya penile chingayambitse mavuto.

Kuti mumve zambiri zamankhwala obwera chifukwa cha khansa, onani tsamba lathu la Zotsatira Zotsatira.

Odwala angaganize zopita nawo kukayezetsa.

Kwa odwala ena, kutenga nawo mbali pakuyesa chithandizo chachipatala kungakhale njira yabwino kwambiri yothandizira. Mayesero azachipatala ndi gawo limodzi la kafukufuku wa khansa. Mayesero azachipatala amachitika kuti apeze ngati mankhwala atsopano a khansa ndi otetezeka komanso ogwira ntchito kapena abwinoko kuposa mankhwala wamba.

Njira zambiri zamankhwala zochiritsira khansa zimachokera kumayeso am'mbuyomu azachipatala. Odwala omwe amatenga nawo mbali pachipatala atha kulandira chithandizo chofananira kapena kukhala oyamba kulandira chithandizo chatsopano.

Odwala omwe amatenga nawo mbali pazoyeserera zamankhwala amathandizanso kukonza momwe khansa idzathandizire mtsogolo. Ngakhale mayesero azachipatala satsogolera kuchipatala chatsopano, nthawi zambiri amayankha mafunso ofunikira ndikuthandizira kupititsa patsogolo kafukufuku.

Odwala amatha kulowa m'mayesero azachipatala asanayambe, asanayambe, kapena atayamba kulandira chithandizo cha khansa.

Mayesero ena azachipatala amangophatikizapo odwala omwe sanalandire chithandizo. Mayesero ena amayesa chithandizo kwa odwala omwe khansa yawo sinakhale bwino. Palinso mayesero azachipatala omwe amayesa njira zatsopano zothetsera khansa kuti isabwererenso (kubwerera) kapena kuchepetsa zovuta zoyambitsidwa ndi khansa.

Mayesero azachipatala akuchitika m'malo ambiri mdziko muno. Zambiri zamayeso azachipatala othandizidwa ndi NCI zitha kupezeka patsamba lofufuza zamankhwala la NCI. Mayesero azachipatala othandizidwa ndi mabungwe ena amapezeka patsamba la ClinicalTrials.gov.

Mayeso otsatirawa angafunike.

Ena mwa mayesero omwe adachitika kuti apeze khansa kapena kuti adziwe momwe khansa iliri angabwerezedwenso. Mayesero ena adzabwerezedwa kuti awone momwe mankhwalawa akugwirira ntchito. Zisankho zakuti mupitilize, kusintha, kapena kusiya kulandira chithandizo zitha kutengera zotsatira za mayeso awa.

Kuyesaku kumangopitilira kuchitika nthawi ndi nthawi mankhwala atatha. Zotsatira zamayesowa zitha kuwonetsa ngati vuto lanu lasintha kapena ngati khansa yabwereranso (bwererani). Mayesowa nthawi zina amatchedwa kuyesa kutsata kapena kukayezetsa.

Njira Zothandizira ndi Gawo

M'chigawo chino

• Gawo 0

• Gawo I Khansa ya Penile

• Khansa Yachiwiri ya Penile

• Gawo lachitatu la Khansa ya Penile

• Khansa ya Penile ya Gawo IV

Kuti mumve zambiri zamankhwala omwe atchulidwa pansipa, onani gawo la Chisankho Chachidule.

Gawo 0

Chithandizo cha gawo 0 chingakhale chimodzi mwa izi:

• Mohs microsurgery.

• Matenda apamwamba a chemotherapy.

• Matenda apakhungu a biologic ndi imiquimod.

• Opaleshoni ya Laser.

• Kuchiza opaleshoni.

Gwiritsani ntchito kusaka kwathu kwamankhwala kuti mupeze mayesero azachipatala omwe amathandizidwa ndi NCI omwe akulandira odwala. Mutha kusaka mayesero kutengera mtundu wa khansa, zaka za wodwalayo, komanso komwe mayeserowo akuchitika. Zambiri pazokhudza mayesero azachipatala zimapezekanso.

Gawo I Khansa ya Penile

Ngati khansara ili pakhungu kokha, kudulidwa ndi mdulidwe wamba ndi njira yokhayo yofunikira yothandizira.

Chithandizo cha khansa ya penile ya siteji ingaphatikizepo izi:

• Opaleshoni (penectomy pang'ono kapena yathunthu kapena popanda kuchotsera ma lymph nodes mu groin.

• Thandizo la kunja kapena mkati.

• Mohs microsurgery.

• Kuyesedwa kwachipatala kwa mankhwala a laser.

Gwiritsani ntchito kusaka kwathu kwamankhwala kuti mupeze mayesero azachipatala omwe amathandizidwa ndi NCI omwe akulandira odwala. Mutha kusaka mayesero kutengera mtundu wa khansa, zaka za wodwalayo, komanso komwe mayeserowo akuchitika. Zambiri pazokhudza mayesero azachipatala zimapezekanso.

Khansa Yachiwiri ya Penile

Kuchiza kwa khansa yapa penile yachiwiri kungaphatikizepo izi:

• Opaleshoni (penectomy pang'ono kapena yathunthu, kapena popanda kuchotsa ma lymph nodes mu groin).

• Thandizo la kunja kapena lamkati lamankhwala lotsatiridwa ndi opaleshoni.

• Kuyesedwa kwachipatala kwa sentinel lymph node biopsy yotsatira ndi opaleshoni.

• Kuyesedwa kwachipatala kwa opareshoni ya laser.

Gwiritsani ntchito kusaka kwathu kwamankhwala kuti mupeze mayesero azachipatala omwe amathandizidwa ndi NCI omwe akulandira odwala. Mutha kusaka mayesero kutengera mtundu wa khansa, zaka za wodwalayo, komanso komwe mayeserowo akuchitika. Zambiri pazokhudza mayesero azachipatala zimapezekanso.

Gawo lachitatu la Khansa ya Penile

Chithandizo cha siteji yachitatu ya khansa ya penile ingaphatikizepo izi:

• Opaleshoni (penectomy ndi kuchotsa ma lymph node mu groin) ndimankhwala opanda radiation.

• Thandizo la radiation.

• Kuyesedwa kwachipatala kwa sentinel lymph node biopsy yotsatira ndi opaleshoni.

• Kuyesedwa kwachipatala kwa ma radiosensitizers.

• Kuyesedwa kwamankhwala a chemotherapy asanafike kapena pambuyo pa opaleshoni.

• Kuyesedwa kwachipatala kwa mankhwala atsopano, biologic therapy, kapena mitundu yatsopano ya opaleshoni.

Gwiritsani ntchito kusaka kwathu kwamankhwala kuti mupeze mayesero azachipatala omwe amathandizidwa ndi NCI omwe akulandira odwala. Mutha kusaka mayesero kutengera mtundu wa khansa, zaka za wodwalayo, komanso komwe mayeserowo akuchitika. Zambiri pazokhudza mayesero azachipatala zimapezekanso.

Khansa ya Penile ya Gawo IV

Kuchiza kwa khansa yapensi ya penile nthawi zambiri kumakhala kosavuta (kuthana ndi zizolowezi ndikusintha moyo). Chithandizo chingaphatikizepo izi:

• Opaleshoni (kudulidwa kwakomweko ndikuchotsa ma lymph m'mimba).

• Thandizo la radiation.

• Kuyesedwa kwamankhwala a chemotherapy asanafike kapena pambuyo pa opaleshoni.

• Kuyesedwa kwachipatala kwa mankhwala atsopano, biologic therapy, kapena mitundu yatsopano ya opaleshoni.

Gwiritsani ntchito kusaka kwathu kwamankhwala kuti mupeze mayesero azachipatala omwe amathandizidwa ndi NCI omwe akulandira odwala. Mutha kusaka mayesero kutengera mtundu wa khansa, zaka za wodwalayo, komanso komwe mayeserowo akuchitika. Zambiri pazokhudza mayesero azachipatala zimapezekanso.

Njira Zothandizira Kuchiza Khansa ya Penile Yambiri

Kuti mumve zambiri zamankhwala omwe atchulidwa pansipa, onani gawo la Chisankho Chachidule.

Chithandizo cha khansa yapenile yobwerezabwereza ndi iyi:

• Opaleshoni (penectomy).

• Thandizo la radiation.

• Kuyesedwa kwachipatala kwa mankhwala a biologic.

• Kuyesedwa kwachipatala kwa chemotherapy.

Gwiritsani ntchito kusaka kwathu kwamankhwala kuti mupeze mayesero azachipatala omwe amathandizidwa ndi NCI omwe akulandira odwala. Mutha kusaka mayesero kutengera mtundu wa khansa, zaka za wodwalayo, komanso komwe mayeserowo akuchitika. Zambiri pazokhudza mayesero azachipatala zimapezekanso.

Kuti mudziwe zambiri za khansa ya penile

Kuti mumve zambiri kuchokera ku National Cancer Institute yokhudza khansa ya penile, onani izi:

• Tsamba Loyamba La Khansa ya Penile

• Lasers mu Chithandizo cha Khansa

• Cryosurgery mu Chithandizo cha Khansa

• Mankhwala Ovomerezeka a Khansa ya Penile

• Matenda a Papilloma ndi Khansa

Kuti mumve zambiri za khansa ndi zinthu zina zochokera ku National Cancer Institute, onani izi:

• Za Khansa

• Kusinthana

• Chemotherapy and You: Kuthandiza Anthu Omwe Ali Ndi Khansa

• Thandizo la Radiation ndi Inu: Thandizo kwa Anthu Omwe Ali ndi Khansa

• Kulimbana ndi khansa

• Mafunso oti mufunse dokotala wanu za khansa

• Kwa Opulumuka ndi Owasamalira

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