Types/myeloproliferative/patient/mds-mpd-treatment-pdq

Myelodysplastic / Myeloproliferative Neoplasms Treatment (®) -Patient Version

Zambiri Pafupifupi Myelodysplastic / Myeloproliferative Neoplasms

MFUNDO ZOFUNIKA

• Myelodysplastic / myeloproliferative neoplasms ndi gulu la matenda momwe mafupa amapanga ma cell oyera ambiri.

• Myelodysplastic / myeloproliferative neoplasms ali ndi mawonekedwe a myelodysplastic syndromes ndi myeloproliferative neoplasms.

• Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zotupa za myelodysplastic / myeloproliferative.

• Mayeso omwe amayesa magazi ndi mafupa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti apeze (kupeza) ndikuzindikira zotupa za myelodysplastic / myeloproliferative.

Myelodysplastic / myeloproliferative neoplasms ndi gulu la matenda momwe mafupa amapanga ma cell oyera ambiri.

Myelodysplastic / myeloproliferative neoplasms ndi matenda amwazi ndi mafupa.

Thupi la fupa. Fupa limapangidwa ndi fupa lophatikizana, fupa la siponji, ndi mafupa. Fupa lokwanira limapanga gawo lakunja la fupa. Mafupa a siponji amapezeka makamaka kumapeto kwa mafupa ndipo amakhala ndi mafuta ofiira. Mafupa a mafupa amapezeka pakatikati pa mafupa ambiri ndipo amakhala ndi mitsempha yambiri yamagazi. Pali mitundu iwiri ya mafupa: ofiira ndi achikasu. Mafupa ofiira amakhala ndimaselo amwazi omwe amatha kukhala maselo ofiira, maselo oyera amwazi, kapena ma platelet. Mafupa achikasu amapangidwa makamaka ndi mafuta.

Nthawi zambiri, mafupa amapanga magazi am'magazi (maselo osakhwima) omwe amakhala maselo amwazi okhwima pakapita nthawi. Selo loyambira magazi limatha kukhala khungu la myeloid kapena tsinde la lymphoid. Selo la tsinde la lymphoid limasanduka khungu loyera la magazi. Selo loyambira la myeloid limakhala amodzi mwamitundu itatu yamaselo okhazikika amwazi:

• Maselo ofiira ofiira omwe amanyamula mpweya ndi zinthu zina kumatumba onse amthupi.

• Maselo oyera amagazi omwe amalimbana ndi matenda komanso matenda.

• Mipata yomwe imapanga magazi kuundana kuti magazi asiye kutuluka.

Kukula kwa maselo amwazi. Selo loyambira magazi limadutsa masitepe angapo kuti likhale khungu lofiira, platelet, kapena khungu loyera.

Myelodysplastic / myeloproliferative neoplasms ali ndi mawonekedwe a myelodysplastic syndromes ndi myeloproliferative neoplasms.

Mu matenda a myelodysplastic, maselo am'magazi samakhazikika m'maselo ofiira ofiira, maselo oyera amwazi, kapena ma platelets. Maselo a magazi omwe sanakhwime, omwe amatchedwa blast, sagwira ntchito momwe amafunikira ndipo amafera m'mafupa kapena atangolowa m'magazi. Zotsatira zake, pali maselo ofiira ofiira ochepa, maselo oyera amwazi, ndi ma platelet.

M'matenda a myeloproliferative, ochulukirapo kuposa maselo abwinobwino am'magazi amakhala amodzi kapena angapo amitundu yamagazi ndipo kuchuluka kwama cell amwazi kumawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono.

Chidule ichi ndi za zotupa zomwe zimakhala ndi matenda a myelodysplastic and myeloproliferative. Onani zidule zotsatirazi za kuti mumve zambiri za matenda okhudzana ndi matendawa:

• Chithandizo cha Myelodysplastic Syndromes

• Chithandizo cha Matenda a Myeloproliferative Neoplasms

• Chithandizo Chachangu cha Leukemia

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zotupa za myelodysplastic / myeloproliferative.

Mitundu itatu yayikulu yamatenda a myelodysplastic / myeloproliferative neoplasms ndi awa:

• Matenda a myelomonocytic khansa ya m'magazi (CMML).

• Khansa ya achinyamata myelomonocytic (JMML).

• Matenda a m'magazi amtundu wambiri (CML).

Pamene chotupa cha myelodysplastic / myeloproliferative sichikugwirizana ndi mitundu iliyonse, chimatchedwa myelodysplastic / myeloproliferative neoplasm, yosasunthika (MDS / MPN-UC).

Myelodysplastic / myeloproliferative neoplasms itha kupita patsogolo mpaka khansa ya m'magazi.

Mayeso omwe amayesa magazi ndi mafupa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti apeze (kupeza) ndikuzindikira zotupa za myelodysplastic / myeloproliferative.

Mayeso ndi njira zotsatirazi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito:

• Kuwunika kwakuthupi ndi mbiri: Kuyesedwa kwa thupi kuti muwone zizindikiritso zaumoyo, kuphatikizapo kuyang'ana zizindikilo za matenda monga nthenda yotupa ndi chiwindi. Mbiri yokhudzana ndi thanzi la wodwalayo komanso matenda am'mbuyomu komanso chithandizo chamankhwala adzachitidwanso.

• Kuwerengera kwathunthu kwa magazi (CBC) mosiyanasiyana: Njira yomwe magazi amatengedwa ndikuwunika zotsatirazi:

• Chiwerengero cha maselo ofiira ndi ma platelet.

• Chiwerengero ndi mtundu wama cell oyera.

• Kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin (puloteni yomwe imanyamula mpweya) m'maselo ofiira amwazi.

• Gawo la nyemba lopangidwa ndi maselo ofiira amwazi.

Kuwerengera kwathunthu kwa magazi (CBC). Magazi amatengedwa polowetsa singano mumtsempha ndikuloleza magazi kuti alowe mu chubu. Sampulo yamwazi imatumizidwa ku labotale ndipo maselo ofiira amwazi, maselo oyera amwazi, ndi ma platelet amawerengedwa. CBC imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyesa, kuzindikira, ndikuwunika zochitika zosiyanasiyana.

• Peripheral blood smear: Njira yomwe magazi amayang'aniridwa kuti aphulitse maselo, kuchuluka kwake ndi mitundu yama cell oyera, kuchuluka kwa ma platelets, komanso kusintha kwa mawonekedwe am'magazi.

• Kafukufuku wamagazi: Njira yoyeserera magazi kuti ayese kuchuluka kwa zinthu zina zomwe zimatulutsidwa m'magazi ndi ziwalo ndi minyewa mthupi. Kuchuluka kwazinthu zosazolowereka (zakumwamba kapena zochepa) kungakhale chizindikiro cha matenda.

• Kukhumba mafupa ndi mafupa: Kutulutsa kachidutswa kakang'ono ka mafupa ndi mafupa poika singano m'chiuno kapena m'chifuwa. Katswiri wazachipatala amawona zitsanzo za mafupa ndi mafupa pansi pa microscope kuti ayang'ane maselo osadziwika bwino.

Kukhumba kwamfupa ndi mafupa. Gawo laling'ono la khungu litachita dzanzi, singano ya m'mafupa imalowetsedwa m'fupa la m'chiuno la wodwalayo. Zitsanzo zamagazi, mafupa, ndi mafupa amachotsedwa kuti zikaunikidwe ndi microscope.

Mayesero otsatirawa akhoza kuchitidwa pazitsanzo za minofu yomwe yachotsedwa:

• Kusanthula kwa cytogenetic: Kuyesa kwa labotale komwe ma chromosomes am'magazi omwe ali mumfupa kapena magazi amawerengedwa ndikuwunika ngati pali kusintha kulikonse, monga ma chromosomes osweka, osowa, okonzedwanso, kapena owonjezera. Kusintha kwa ma chromosomes ena kungakhale chizindikiro cha khansa. Kusanthula kwa cytogenetic kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthandizira kuzindikira khansa, kukonzekera chithandizo, kapena kudziwa momwe chithandizo chikuyendera. Maselo a khansa omwe ali m'mitsempha ya myelodysplastic / myeloproliferative alibe ma chromosome aku Philadelphia omwe amapezeka mu khansa ya m'magazi yayikulu.

• Immunocytochemistry: Kuyesa kwa labotale komwe kumagwiritsa ntchito ma antibodies kuti aone ngati ali ndi ma antigen (zolembera) munthawi yam'mafupa a wodwala. Ma antibodies nthawi zambiri amalumikizidwa ndi enzyme kapena utoto wa fulorosenti. Ma antibodies amamanga antigen mu sampuli ya mafupa a wodwalayo, enzyme kapena utoto umayambitsidwa, ndipo antigen amatha kuwona pansi pa microscope. Mayeso amtunduwu amagwiritsidwa ntchito pothandiza kuzindikira khansa ndikudziwitsa kusiyana kwa zotupa za myelodysplastic / myeloproliferative, leukemia, ndi zina.

Matenda a Myelomonocytic Leukemia

MFUNDO ZOFUNIKA

• Matenda a myelomonocytic khansa ya m'magazi ndi matenda omwe myelocyte ambiri ndi monocyte (maselo oyera amwazi) amapangidwa m'mafupa.

• Kukalamba komanso kukhala wamwamuna kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda a khansa ya myelomonocytic.

• Zizindikiro za khansa ya myelomonocytic khansa imaphatikizapo kutentha thupi, kuchepa thupi, komanso kutopa kwambiri.

• Zinthu zina zimakhudzanso madandaulo (mwayi wochira) ndi njira zamankhwala.

Matenda a myelomonocytic khansa ya m'magazi ndi matenda omwe myelocyte ambiri ndi monocyte (maselo oyera amwazi) amapangidwa m'mafupa.

Mu matenda a myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), thupi limafotokozera maselo ambiri am'magazi kuti akhale mitundu iwiri yama cell oyera omwe amatchedwa myelocytes ndi monocytes. Ena mwa maselo am'magazi samasanduka maselo oyera oyera okhwima. Maselo oyera oyerawa amatchedwa kuphulika. Popita nthawi, ma myelocyte, ma monocyte, ndi kuphulika kumadzaza maselo ofiira am'magazi m'mapfupa. Izi zikachitika, matenda, kuchepa magazi m'thupi, kapena kutuluka mwazi kosavuta kumatha kuchitika.

Kukalamba komanso kukhala wamwamuna kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda a khansa ya myelomonocytic.

Chilichonse chomwe chimakulitsa mwayi wanu wodwala chimatchedwa chiopsezo. Zowopsa za CMML ndi izi:

• Ukalamba.
• Kukhala wamwamuna.
• Kuwonetsedwa pazinthu zina kuntchito kapena chilengedwe.
• Kuwonetsedwa ndi radiation.
• Chithandizo cham'mbuyomu ndi mankhwala ena a anticancer.

Zizindikiro za khansa ya myelomonocytic khansa imaphatikizapo kutentha thupi, kuchepa thupi, komanso kutopa kwambiri.

Izi ndi zizindikilo ndi zina zimatha kuyambitsidwa ndi CMML kapena zina. Funsani dokotala ngati muli ndi izi:

• Kutentha thupi popanda chifukwa chodziwika.
• Matenda.
• Kumva kutopa kwambiri.
• Kuchepetsa thupi popanda chifukwa chodziwika.
• Kuvulaza kosavuta kapena kutuluka magazi.
• Zowawa kapena kumverera kwodzaza pansi pa nthiti.

Zinthu zina zimakhudzanso madandaulo (mwayi wochira) ndi njira zamankhwala.

Kulosera (mwayi wochira) ndi njira zamankhwala za CMML zimadalira izi:

• Chiwerengero cha maselo oyera amwazi m'magazi kapena m'mafupa.

• Kaya wodwalayo ali ndi magazi ochepa.

• Kuchuluka kwa ziphuphu m'magazi kapena m'mafupa.

• Kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin m'maselo ofiira ofiira.

• Kaya pali kusintha kwina kwama chromosomes.

Achinyamata Myelomonocytic Khansa ya m'magazi

MFUNDO ZOFUNIKA

• Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia ndi matenda aubwana momwe ma myelocyte ambiri ndi ma monocyte (maselo amwazi oyera omwe sanakhwime) amapangidwa m'mafupa.

• Zizindikiro za matenda a khansa ya myelomonocytic khansa imaphatikizapo kutentha thupi, kuchepa thupi, komanso kutopa kwambiri.

• Zinthu zina zimakhudzanso madandaulo (mwayi wochira) ndi njira zamankhwala.

Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia ndi matenda aubwana momwe ma myelocyte ambiri ndi ma monocyte (maselo amwazi oyera omwe sanakhwime) amapangidwa m'mafupa.

Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) ndi khansa yosawerengeka yaubwana yomwe imachitika kawirikawiri mwa ana ochepera zaka ziwiri. Ana omwe ali ndi mtundu woyamba wa neurofibromatosis ndi amuna amakhala ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha khansa ya myelomonocytic khansa ya m'magazi.

Mu JMML, thupi limafotokozera maselo ambiri am'magazi kuti akhale mitundu iwiri yamagazi oyera omwe amatchedwa myelocytes ndi monocytes. Ena mwa maselo am'magazi samasanduka maselo oyera oyera okhwima. Maselo oyera oyerawa amatchedwa kuphulika. Popita nthawi, ma myelocyte, ma monocyte, ndi kuphulika kumadzaza maselo ofiira am'magazi m'mapfupa. Izi zikachitika, matenda, kuchepa magazi m'thupi, kapena kutuluka mwazi kosavuta kumatha kuchitika.

Zizindikiro za matenda a khansa ya myelomonocytic khansa imaphatikizapo kutentha thupi, kuchepa thupi, komanso kutopa kwambiri.

Zizindikiro ndi zizindikilozi zimatha kuyambitsidwa ndi JMML kapena zina. Funsani dokotala ngati muli ndi izi:

• Kutentha thupi popanda chifukwa chodziwika.

• Kukhala ndi matenda, monga bronchitis kapena tonsillitis.

• Kumva kutopa kwambiri.

• Kuvulaza kosavuta kapena kutuluka magazi.

• Ziphuphu pakhungu.

• Kutupa kopanda tanthauzo kwa maunyolo am'khosi, kukhosi, m'mimba, kapena kubuula.

• Zowawa kapena kumverera kwodzaza pansi pa nthiti.

Zinthu zina zimakhudzanso madandaulo (mwayi wochira) ndi njira zamankhwala.

Kulosera (mwayi wochira) ndi njira zamankhwala zothandizira JMML zimadalira izi:

• Zaka za mwana atadziwika.

• Chiwerengero cha mapulateleti m'magazi.

• Kuchuluka kwa mtundu wina wa hemoglobin m'maselo ofiira amwazi.

Matenda Oopsa a Myelogenous Leukemia

MFUNDO ZOFUNIKA

• Khansa ya m'magazi ndi matenda omwe ma granulocyte ambiri (maselo oyera amwazi) amapangidwa m'mafupa.

• Zizindikiro za atypical chronic myelogenous leukemia zimaphatikizapo kuvulaza kosavuta kapena kutuluka magazi ndikumva kutopa ndi kufooka.

• Zinthu zina zimakhudzanso madandaulo (mwayi wochira).

Khansa ya m'magazi ndi matenda omwe ma granulocyte ambiri (maselo oyera amwazi) amapangidwa m'mafupa.

Mu atypical chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), thupi limafotokozera maselo ambiri am'magazi kuti akhale mtundu wama cell oyera omwe amatchedwa granulocytes. Ena mwa maselo am'magazi samasanduka maselo oyera oyera okhwima. Maselo oyera oyerawa amatchedwa kuphulika. Popita nthawi, ma granulocyte ndi kuphulika kumadzaza maselo ofiira am'magazi m'mapfupa.

Maselo a khansa ya m'magazi omwe ali ndi CML ndi CML amawoneka ofanana ndi microscope. Komabe, mu atypical CML kusintha kwina kwa chromosome, kotchedwa "Philadelphia chromosome" kulibe.

Zizindikiro za atypical chronic myelogenous leukemia zimaphatikizapo kuvulaza kosavuta kapena kutuluka magazi ndikumva kutopa ndi kufooka.

Izi ndi zizindikilo ndi zina zimatha kuyambitsidwa ndi CML kapena zina. Funsani dokotala ngati muli ndi izi:

• Kupuma pang'ono.

• Khungu lotumbululuka.

• Kumva kutopa kwambiri komanso kufooka.

• Kuvulaza kosavuta kapena kutuluka magazi.

• Petechiae (malo athyathyathya, osinkhasinkha pansi pa khungu chifukwa cha magazi)

• Zowawa kapena kumverera kwodzaza pansi pa nthiti kumanzere.

Zinthu zina zimakhudzanso madandaulo (mwayi wochira).

Kulosera (mwayi wochira) wa CML wodabwitsa kumadalira kuchuluka kwa maselo ofiira am'magazi.

Myelodysplastic / Myeloproliferative Neoplasm, Yosadziwika

MFUNDO ZOFUNIKA

• Matenda a Myelodysplastic / myeloproliferative, osadziwika, ndi matenda omwe ali ndi matenda a myelodysplastic ndi myeloproliferative koma si matenda a khansa ya myelomonocytic, khansa ya myelomonocytic khansa ya m'magazi, kapena khansa ya m'magazi.

• Zizindikiro za myelodysplastic / myeloproliferative neoplasm, yosadziwika, imaphatikizapo malungo, kuonda, komanso kumva kutopa kwambiri.

Matenda a Myelodysplastic / myeloproliferative, osadziwika, ndi matenda omwe ali ndi matenda a myelodysplastic ndi myeloproliferative koma si matenda a khansa ya myelomonocytic, khansa ya myelomonocytic khansa ya m'magazi, kapena khansa ya m'magazi.

Mu myelodysplastic / myeloproliferative neoplasm, yosadziwika (MDS / MPD-UC), thupi limafotokozera maselo ambiri amwazi kuti akhale maselo ofiira, maselo oyera amwazi, kapena ma platelets. Ena mwa maselo am'magazi samasanduka maselo amwazi okhwima. Maselo osakhwima magazi amatchedwa kuphulika. Popita nthawi, ma cell osazolowereka am'mafupa amatulutsa maselo ofiira ofiira, maselo oyera amwazi, ndi ma platelets.

MDS / MPN-UC ndi matenda osowa kwambiri. Chifukwa ndizosowa kwambiri, zomwe zimayambitsa chiopsezo komanso madandaulo sizikudziwika.

Zizindikiro za myelodysplastic / myeloproliferative neoplasm, yosadziwika, imaphatikizapo malungo, kuonda, komanso kumva kutopa kwambiri.

Izi ndi zizindikilo ndi zina zimatha kuyambitsidwa ndi MDS / MPN-UC kapena zina. Funsani dokotala ngati muli ndi izi:

• Malungo kapena matenda opatsirana pafupipafupi.

• Kupuma pang'ono.

• Kumva kutopa kwambiri komanso kufooka.

• Khungu lotumbululuka.

• Kuvulaza kosavuta kapena kutuluka magazi.

• Petechiae (malo athyathyathya, osinkhasinkha pansi pa khungu chifukwa cha magazi)

• Zowawa kapena kumverera kwodzaza pansi pa nthiti.

Magawo a Myelodysplastic / Myeloproliferative Neoplasms

MFUNDO ZOFUNIKA

• Palibe njira yokhazikika ya zotupa za myelodysplastic / myeloproliferative.

Palibe njira yokhazikika ya zotupa za myelodysplastic / myeloproliferative.

Kuyika masitepe ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti mudziwe momwe khansara yafalikira. Palibe njira yokhazikika ya zotupa za myelodysplastic / myeloproliferative. Chithandizo chimachokera ku mtundu wa myelodysplastic / myeloproliferative neoplasm yomwe wodwalayo ali nayo. Ndikofunikira kudziwa mtundu wake kuti mukonzekere chithandizo.

Chithandizo Chosankha Mwachidule

MFUNDO ZOFUNIKA

• Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chithandizo cha odwala omwe ali ndi zotupa za myelodysplastic / myeloproliferative.

• Mitundu isanu yamankhwala amtundu uliwonse imagwiritsidwa ntchito:

• Chemotherapy

• Mankhwala ena

• Kupanga khungu la tsinde

• Chithandizo chothandizira

• Chithandizo chofuna

• Mitundu yatsopano yamankhwala ikuyesedwa m'mayesero azachipatala.

• Kuchiza kwa myelodysplastic / myeloproliferative neoplasms kumatha kuyambitsa zovuta.

• Odwala angaganize zopita nawo kukayezetsa.

• Odwala amatha kulowa m'mayesero azachipatala asanayambe, asanayambe, kapena atayamba kulandira chithandizo cha khansa.

• Mayeso otsatirawa angafunike.

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chithandizo cha odwala omwe ali ndi zotupa za myelodysplastic / myeloproliferative.

Pali mitundu ingapo yamankhwala othandizira odwala omwe ali ndi zotupa za myelodysplastic / myeloproliferative. Mankhwala ena ndi ofanana (mankhwala omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito pano), ndipo ena akuyesedwa m'mayesero azachipatala. Kuyesedwa kwachipatala ndi kafukufuku wofufuza wothandizira kusintha chithandizo chamakono kapena kupeza zidziwitso zamankhwala atsopano kwa odwala khansa. Pamene mayesero azachipatala awonetsa kuti chithandizo chatsopano ndichabwino kuposa chithandizo chamankhwala, chithandizocho chitha kukhala chamankhwala wamba. Odwala angaganize zopita nawo kukayezetsa. Mayesero ena azachipatala ndi otseguka kwa odwala omwe sanayambe kulandira chithandizo.

Mitundu isanu yamankhwala amtundu uliwonse imagwiritsidwa ntchito:

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy ndi mankhwala a khansa omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa kukula kwa maselo a khansa, mwina popha ma cell kapena kuwaletsa kuti asagawane. Chemotherapy ikamamwa pakamwa kapena kulowetsedwa mumtsempha kapena minofu, mankhwalawa amalowa m'magazi ndipo amatha kufikira ma cell a khansa mthupi lonse (systemic chemotherapy). Chemotherapy ikaikidwa molunjika m'matumbo a cerebrospinal, chiwalo, kapena thupi ngati pamimba, mankhwalawa amakhudza kwambiri ma cell a khansa m'malo amenewo (chemotherapy am'madera). Momwe chemotherapy imaperekedwa imadalira mtundu ndi gawo la khansa yomwe ikuchitidwa. Kuphatikiza kwa chemotherapy ndi chithandizo chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opatsirana ambiri opatsirana khansa.

Onani Mankhwala Ovomerezeka a Myeloproliferative Neoplasms kuti mumve zambiri.

Mankhwala ena

13-cis retinoic acid ndi mankhwala onga vitamini omwe amachepetsa khansa kuthekera kopanga maselo ambiri a khansa ndikusintha momwe maselowa amawonekera ndikuchita.

Kupanga khungu la tsinde

Chemotherapy imaperekedwa kuti iphe maselo osadziwika kapena maselo a khansa. Maselo athanzi, kuphatikiza maselo opanga magazi, nawonso amawonongedwa ndi chithandizo cha khansa. Kuika timitengo tating'onoting'ono ndi chithandizo m'malo mwa maselo omwe amapanga magazi. Maselo otchedwa stem cells (maselo a magazi osakhwima) amachotsedwa m'magazi kapena m'mafupa a wodwalayo kapena woperekayo ndipo amaundana ndi kusungidwa. Wodwalayo akamaliza chemotherapy, maselo osungidwa amasungunuka ndikubwezeretsedwanso mwa kulowetsedwa. Maselo amtundu wobwezeretsansowa amakula (ndikubwezeretsanso) maselo amthupi.

Kupanga khungu la tsinde. (Gawo 1): Magazi amatengedwa mumtambo wa woperekayo. Wodwala kapena wina akhoza kukhala woperekayo. Magazi amayenda kudzera pamakina omwe amachotsa maselowo. Kenako magaziwo amabwezera woperekayo kudzera mumitsempha ya mkono wina. (Gawo 2): Wodwalayo amalandila chemotherapy kuti aphe maselo omwe amapanga magazi. Wodwala atha kulandira chithandizo cha radiation (chosawonetsedwa). (Gawo 3): Wodwalayo amalandila maselo am'magazi kudzera mu catheter yoyikidwa mumtsuko wamagazi pachifuwa.

Chithandizo chothandizira

Thandizo lothandizira limaperekedwa kuti muchepetse mavuto omwe amabwera chifukwa cha matendawa kapena chithandizo chake. Chithandizo chothandiziracho chitha kuphatikizira chithandizo chothana ndi kuthiridwa magazi kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo, monga maantibayotiki olimbana ndi matenda.

Chithandizo chofuna

Chithandizo choyenera ndi chithandizo cha khansa chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena zinthu zina kuti ziwononge maselo a khansa osavulaza maselo abwinobwino. Mankhwala othandizira omwe amatchedwa tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira chotupa cha myelodysplastic / myeloproliferative, chosadziwika. Ma TKIs amaletsa enzyme, tyrosine kinase, yomwe imayambitsa maselo am'magazi kukhala maselo amwazi (kuphulika) kuposa momwe thupi limafunira. Imatinib mesylate (Gleevec) ndi TKI yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Mankhwala ena omwe akuwatsata akuwerengedwa pochiza JMML.

Onani Mankhwala Ovomerezeka a Myeloproliferative Neoplasms kuti mumve zambiri.

Mitundu yatsopano yamankhwala ikuyesedwa m'mayesero azachipatala.

Zambiri zamayeso azachipatala zimapezeka patsamba la NCI.

Kuchiza kwa myelodysplastic / myeloproliferative neoplasms kumatha kuyambitsa zovuta.

Kuti mumve zambiri zamankhwala obwera chifukwa cha khansa, onani tsamba lathu la Zotsatira Zotsatira.

Odwala angaganize zopita nawo kukayezetsa.

Kwa odwala ena, kutenga nawo mbali pakuyesa chithandizo chachipatala kungakhale njira yabwino kwambiri yothandizira. Mayesero azachipatala ndi gawo limodzi la kafukufuku wa khansa. Mayesero azachipatala amachitika kuti apeze ngati mankhwala atsopano a khansa ndi otetezeka komanso ogwira ntchito kapena abwinoko kuposa mankhwala wamba.

Njira zambiri zamankhwala zochiritsira khansa zimachokera kumayeso am'mbuyomu azachipatala. Odwala omwe amatenga nawo mbali pachipatala atha kulandira chithandizo chofananira kapena kukhala oyamba kulandira chithandizo chatsopano.

Odwala omwe amatenga nawo mbali pazoyeserera zamankhwala amathandizanso kukonza momwe khansa idzathandizire mtsogolo. Ngakhale mayesero azachipatala satsogolera kuchipatala chatsopano, nthawi zambiri amayankha mafunso ofunikira ndikuthandizira kupititsa patsogolo kafukufuku.

Odwala amatha kulowa m'mayesero azachipatala asanayambe, asanayambe, kapena atayamba kulandira chithandizo cha khansa.

Mayesero ena azachipatala amangophatikizapo odwala omwe sanalandire chithandizo. Mayesero ena amayesa chithandizo kwa odwala omwe khansa yawo sinakhale bwino. Palinso mayesero azachipatala omwe amayesa njira zatsopano zothetsera khansa kuti isabwererenso (kubwerera) kapena kuchepetsa zovuta zoyambitsidwa ndi khansa.

Mayesero azachipatala akuchitika m'malo ambiri mdziko muno. Zambiri zamayeso azachipatala othandizidwa ndi NCI zitha kupezeka patsamba lofufuza zamankhwala la NCI. Mayesero azachipatala othandizidwa ndi mabungwe ena amapezeka patsamba la ClinicalTrials.gov.

Mayeso otsatirawa angafunike.

Ena mwa mayesero omwe adachitika kuti apeze khansa kapena kuti adziwe momwe khansa iliri angabwerezedwenso. Mayesero ena adzabwerezedwa kuti awone momwe mankhwalawa akugwirira ntchito. Zisankho zakuti mupitilize, kusintha, kapena kusiya kulandira chithandizo zitha kutengera zotsatira za mayeso awa.

Kuyesaku kumangopitilira kuchitika nthawi ndi nthawi mankhwala atatha. Zotsatira zamayesowa zitha kuwonetsa ngati vuto lanu lasintha kapena ngati khansa yabwereranso (bwererani). Mayesowa nthawi zina amatchedwa kuyesa kutsata kapena kukayezetsa.

Njira Zothandizira Kuchiza kwa Myelodysplastic / Myeloproliferative Neoplasms

M'chigawo chino

• Matenda a Myelomonocytic Leukemia

• Achinyamata Myelomonocytic Khansa ya m'magazi

• Matenda Oopsa a Myelogenous Leukemia

• Myelodysplastic / Myeloproliferative Neoplasm, Yosadziwika

Kuti mumve zambiri zamankhwala omwe atchulidwa pansipa, onani gawo la Chisankho Chachidule.

Matenda a Myelomonocytic Leukemia

Chithandizo cha matenda a khansa ya myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) chingaphatikizepo izi:

• Chemotherapy yokhala ndi othandizira amodzi kapena angapo.

• Kupanga khungu la tsinde.

• Kuyesedwa kwachipatala kwa chithandizo chatsopano.

Gwiritsani ntchito kusaka kwathu kwamankhwala kuti mupeze mayesero azachipatala omwe amathandizidwa ndi NCI omwe akulandira odwala. Mutha kusaka mayesero kutengera mtundu wa khansa, zaka za wodwalayo, komanso komwe mayeserowo akuchitika. Zambiri pazokhudza mayesero azachipatala zimapezekanso.

Achinyamata Myelomonocytic Khansa ya m'magazi

Chithandizo cha achinyamata myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) chingaphatikizepo izi:

• Kuphatikiza chemotherapy.

• Kupanga khungu la tsinde.

• 13-cis-retinoic acid chithandizo.

• Kuyesedwa kwachipatala kwa chithandizo chatsopano, monga chithandizo chamankhwala.

Gwiritsani ntchito kusaka kwathu kwamankhwala kuti mupeze mayesero azachipatala omwe amathandizidwa ndi NCI omwe akulandira odwala. Mutha kusaka mayesero kutengera mtundu wa khansa, zaka za wodwalayo, komanso komwe mayeserowo akuchitika. Zambiri pazokhudza mayesero azachipatala zimapezekanso.

Matenda Oopsa a Myelogenous Leukemia

Chithandizo cha atypical chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) chitha kuphatikizira chemotherapy.

Gwiritsani ntchito kusaka kwathu kwamankhwala kuti mupeze mayesero azachipatala omwe amathandizidwa ndi NCI omwe akulandira odwala. Mutha kusaka mayesero kutengera mtundu wa khansa, zaka za wodwalayo, komanso komwe mayeserowo akuchitika. Zambiri pazokhudza mayesero azachipatala zimapezekanso.

Myelodysplastic / Myeloproliferative Neoplasm, Yosadziwika

Chifukwa myelodysplastic / myeloproliferative neoplasm, yosadziwika (MDS / MPN-UC) ndi matenda osowa, sichidziwika kwenikweni za mankhwala ake. Chithandizo chingaphatikizepo izi:

• Thandizo lothandizira kuthana ndi mavuto omwe amabwera chifukwa cha matendawa monga matenda, magazi, ndi kuchepa kwa magazi.

• Chithandizo choyenera (imatinib mesylate).

Gwiritsani ntchito kusaka kwathu kwamankhwala kuti mupeze mayesero azachipatala omwe amathandizidwa ndi NCI omwe akulandira odwala. Mutha kusaka mayesero kutengera mtundu wa khansa, zaka za wodwalayo, komanso komwe mayeserowo akuchitika. Zambiri pazokhudza mayesero azachipatala zimapezekanso.

Kuti mudziwe zambiri za Myelodysplastic / Myeloproliferative Neoplasms

Kuti mumve zambiri kuchokera ku National Cancer Institute yokhudzana ndi zotupa za myelodysplastic / myeloproliferative, onani zotsatirazi:

• Tsamba Loyamba la Myeloproliferative Neoplasms

• Kusandulika Kwamaselo Opangira Magazi

• Mankhwala Ovomerezeka a Myeloproliferative Neoplasms

• Njira Zochizira Khansa

Kuti mumve zambiri za khansa ndi zinthu zina zochokera ku National Cancer Institute, onani izi:

• Za Khansa

• Kusinthana

• Chemotherapy and You: Kuthandiza Anthu Omwe Ali Ndi Khansa

• Thandizo la Radiation ndi Inu: Thandizo kwa Anthu Omwe Ali ndi Khansa

• Kulimbana ndi khansa

• Mafunso oti mufunse dokotala wanu za khansa

• Kwa Opulumuka ndi Owasamalira