Mitundu / lymphoma / wodwala / wamkulu-hodgkin-chithandizo-pdq

Chithandizo cha Akulu Hodgkin Lymphoma Treatment (®) -Patient Version

Zambiri Zokhudza Hodgkin Lymphoma Wamkulu

MFUNDO ZOFUNIKA

• Munthu wamkulu Hodgkin lymphoma ndi matenda omwe mumakhala maselo owopsa (khansa) omwe amapezeka m'mitsempha.

• Mitundu ikuluikulu iwiri ya Hodgkin lymphoma ndi: yotsogola komanso nodular lymphocyte.

• Ukalamba, kukhala wamwamuna, matenda opitilira Epstein-Barr, komanso mbiri ya banja la Hodgkin lymphoma zitha kuwonjezera chiopsezo cha Hodgkin lymphoma wamkulu.

• Zizindikiro za Hodgkin lymphoma wamkulu amaphatikizapo ma lymph node otupa, malungo, kutuluka thukuta usiku, kuwonda, komanso kutopa.

• Kuyesa komwe kumayang'ana ma lymph system ndi ziwalo zina za thupi kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthandizira kupeza matenda a Hodgkin lymphoma.

• Zinthu zina zimakhudzanso madandaulo (mwayi wochira) ndi njira zamankhwala.

Munthu wamkulu Hodgkin lymphoma ndi matenda omwe mumakhala maselo owopsa (khansa) omwe amapezeka m'mitsempha.

Wamkulu Hodgkin lymphoma ndi mtundu wa khansa yomwe imayamba m'mitsempha. Mitsempha ya m'thupi ndi mbali ya chitetezo cha mthupi. Zimathandiza kuteteza thupi kumatenda ndi matenda.

Mitsempha ya m'mimba imapangidwa ndi izi:

• Lymph: Chamadzimadzi chopanda utoto, chamadzi chomwe chimadutsa m'mitsempha ya matumbo ndipo chimanyamula ma lymphocyte a T ndi B. Ma lymphocyte ndi mtundu wamagazi oyera.

• Zombo zamagulu: Nthambo yamachubu yopyapyala yomwe imasonkhanitsa ma lymph kuchokera mbali zosiyanasiyana za thupi ndikuyibwezera m'magazi.

• Matenda am'mimba: Tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timapanga nyemba zomwe zimasefa ma lymph ndikusunga maselo oyera omwe amathandiza kulimbana ndi matenda ndi matenda. Ma lymph lymph amapezeka pamitsempha yamafuta mthupi lonse. Magulu a ma lymph node amapezeka mu mediastinum (dera pakati pa mapapo), khosi, mkono wam'mimba, pamimba, m'chiuno, ndi m'mabako. Hodgkin lymphoma imakonda kupezeka m'mitsempha yam'mimba yomwe ili pamwamba pa chifundocho ndipo nthawi zambiri imakhala m'mimba mwa mediastinum.

• Nthata: Chiwalo chomwe chimapanga ma lymphocyte, chimasunga maselo ofiira ndi ma lymphocyte, chimasefa magazi, ndikuwononga maselo akale amwazi. Nduluyo ili kumanzere kwa mimba pafupi ndi m'mimba.

• Thymus: Chiwalo chomwe ma T-lymphocyte amakula ndikuchulukirachulukira. Thymus ili pachifuwa kuseri kwa mafupa.

• Mafupa a mafupa: Minofu yofewa, yamatope yapakati pamafupa ena, monga fupa la m'chiuno ndi chifupa cha m'mawere. Maselo oyera a magazi, maselo ofiira ofiira, ndi ma platelet amapangidwa m'mafupa.

• Tonsils: Tinthu tating'ono ting'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tambiri kumbuyo kwa mmero. Pali matani amodzi mbali iliyonse ya mmero. Munthu wamkulu Hodgkin lymphoma samapezeka m'matumbo.

Anatomy of the lymph system, yowonetsa ziwiya zam'mimba ndi ziwalo zam'mimba kuphatikiza ma lymph node, matonil, thymus, ndulu, ndi mafupa. Lymph (clear fluid) ndi ma lymphocyte amayenda kudzera mumitsempha yam'mimba ndikupita kumalo am'mimba momwe ma lymphocyte amawonongera zinthu zowopsa. Nthiti imalowa m'magazi kudzera mumitsempha yayikulu pafupi ndi mtima.

Minofu yamagulu imapezekanso m'malo ena amthupi, monga gawo la m'mimba, bronchus, ndi khungu.

Pali mitundu iwiri ya lymphoma: Hodgkin lymphoma ndi non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Chidulechi ndi cha chithandizo cha Hodgkin lymphoma wamkulu, kuphatikizapo nthawi yapakati.

Kuti mumve zambiri za Hodgkin lymphoma mwa ana, achikulire omwe si a Hodgkin lymphoma, kapena lymphoma mwa anthu omwe adwala matenda a immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), onani mwachidule zotsatirazi za :

• Chithandizo Cha Akulu Chopanda Hodgkin Lymphoma

• Kuchiza kwa Hodgkin Lymphoma Treatment

• Chithandizo cha Lymphoma Chokhudzana ndi Edzi

Mitundu ikuluikulu iwiri ya Hodgkin lymphoma ndi: yotsogola komanso nodular lymphocyte.

Ambiri a Hodgkin lymphomas ndiwo mtundu wakale. Ngati mtundu wina wamatenda am'mimbamo amayang'aniridwa ndi microscope, ma cell a khansa ya Hodgkin lymphoma, yotchedwa Reed-Sternberg cell, imatha kuwoneka. Mtundu wakale udagawika m'magulu anayi otsatirawa:

• Nodular sclerosing Hodgkin lymphoma.

• Maselo osakanikirana a Hodgkin lymphoma.

• Kuchepetsa kwa lymphocyte Hodgkin lymphoma.

• Hodgkin lymphoma yolemera kwambiri ya lymphocyte.

Hodgkin lymphoma yotchedwa Nodular lymphocyte ndi yosawerengeka ndipo imakula pang'onopang'ono kuposa Hodgkin lymphoma. Hodgkin lymphoma yodziwika bwino ya lymphocyte nthawi zambiri imapezeka ngati chotupa chotupa m'khosi, pachifuwa, m'khwapa, kapena kubuula. Anthu ambiri alibe zizindikilo zina za khansa ikazindikira. Chithandizo nthawi zambiri chimasiyana ndi Hodgkin lymphoma.

Ukalamba, kukhala wamwamuna, matenda opitilira Epstein-Barr, komanso mbiri ya banja la Hodgkin lymphoma zitha kuwonjezera chiopsezo cha Hodgkin lymphoma wamkulu.

Chilichonse chomwe chimakulitsa chiopsezo chotenga matenda chimatchedwa chiopsezo. Kukhala ndi chiwopsezo sikutanthauza kuti udzakhala ndi khansa; kusakhala ndi zoopsa sikutanthauza kuti simudzakhala ndi khansa. Lankhulani ndi dokotala ngati mukuganiza kuti mutha kukhala pachiwopsezo. Zowopsa za Hodgkin lymphoma wamkulu ndi izi:

• Zaka. Hodgkin lymphoma imafala kwambiri munthu akamakula (ali ndi zaka 20 mpaka 39) ndipo akamakula (azaka 65 kapena kupitilira apo).

• Kukhala wamwamuna. Kuopsa kwa Hodgkin lymphoma wamkulu kumakhala kochepa kwambiri mwa amuna kuposa akazi.

• Matenda akale a Epstein-Barr. Kukhala ndi kachilombo ka Epstein-Barr m'zaka zaunyamata kapena kuubwana kumawonjezera ngozi ya Hodgkin lymphoma.

• Mbiri ya banja la Hodgkin lymphoma. Kukhala ndi kholo, mchimwene, kapena mlongo wa Hodgkin lymphoma kumawonjezera chiopsezo chokhala ndi Hodgkin lymphoma.

Zizindikiro za Hodgkin lymphoma wamkulu amaphatikizapo ma lymph node otupa, malungo, kutuluka thukuta usiku, kuwonda, komanso kutopa.

Zizindikiro ndi zizindikilozi zimatha kuyambitsidwa ndi Hodgkin lymphoma wamkulu kapena matenda ena. Funsani dokotala wanu ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi zomwe sizichoka:

• Zilonda zopanda pake, zotupa zamakhosi, khosi, kapena kubuula.

• Kutentha thupi popanda chifukwa chodziwika.

• Kukhetsa thukuta usiku.

• Kuchepetsa thupi popanda chifukwa chodziwika m'miyezi 6 yapitayi.

• Khungu lonyansa, makamaka mukatha kusamba kapena kumwa mowa.

• Kumva kutopa kwambiri.

Kutentha thupi popanda chifukwa chodziwikiratu, kuchepa thupi popanda chifukwa chodziwika, komanso kutuluka thukuta usiku kumatchedwa zizindikilo za B. Zizindikiro za B ndizofunikira pakukhazikitsa Hodgkin lymphoma ndikumvetsetsa mwayi wa wodwalayo.

Kuyesa komwe kumayang'ana ma lymph system ndi ziwalo zina za thupi kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthandizira kupeza matenda a Hodgkin lymphoma.

Zotsatira za mayeso ndi njira zomwe zili pansipa zimathandizanso kupanga zisankho pazithandizo.

Mayesowa atha kuphatikiza:

• Kuyezetsa thupi komanso mbiri yaumoyo: Kuyesedwa kwa thupi kuti muwone zizindikiritso zaumoyo, kuphatikizapo kuyang'ana ngati pali matenda, monga zotupa kapena china chilichonse chomwe chikuwoneka chachilendo. Mbiri ya thanzi la wodwalayo, kuphatikiza malungo, kutuluka thukuta usiku, ndi kuchepa thupi, matenda am'mbuyomu ndi chithandizo chamankhwala adzachitidwanso.

• Kuwerengera kwathunthu kwa magazi (CBC): Njira yomwe magazi amatengedwa ndikuwunika zotsatirazi:

• Chiwerengero cha maselo ofiira, maselo oyera amwazi, ndi ma platelet.

• Kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin (puloteni yomwe imanyamula mpweya) m'maselo ofiira amwazi.

• Gawo la nyemba lopangidwa ndi maselo ofiira amwazi.

Kuwerengera kwathunthu kwa magazi (CBC). Magazi amatengedwa polowetsa singano mumtsempha ndikuloleza magazi kuti alowe mu chubu. Sampulo yamwazi imatumizidwa ku labotale ndipo maselo ofiira amwazi, maselo oyera amwazi, ndi ma platelet amawerengedwa. CBC imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyesa, kuzindikira, ndikuwunika zochitika zosiyanasiyana.

• Kafukufuku wamagazi: Njira yoyeserera magazi kuti ayese kuchuluka kwa zinthu zina zomwe zimatulutsidwa m'magazi ndi ziwalo ndi minyewa mthupi. Kuchuluka kwazinthu zosazolowereka (zakumwamba kapena zochepa) kungakhale chizindikiro cha matenda.

• Kuyesa kwa LDH: Njira yoyeserera magazi kuti ayese kuchuluka kwa lactic dehydrogenase (LDH). Kuchuluka kwa LDH m'magazi kungakhale chizindikiro cha kuwonongeka kwa minofu, lymphoma, kapena matenda ena.

• Kuyesedwa kwa Hepatitis B ndi hepatitis C: Njira yomwe magazi amafufuzira kuti athe kuyeza kuchuluka kwa ma antigen a hepatitis B ndi / kapena ma antibodies komanso kuchuluka kwa ma virus a hepatitis C. Ma antigen kapena ma antibodies amatchedwa zikwangwani. Zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana kapena mitundu yazizindikiro amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti adziwe ngati wodwala ali ndi matenda a hepatitis B kapena C, adadwalapo kapena katemera, kapena atenga kachilombo. Kudziwa ngati wodwala ali ndi matenda a chiwindi a B kapena C kungathandize kukonzekera chithandizo.

• Kuyezetsa HIV: Kuyesa kuyeza kuchuluka kwa chitetezo cha mthupi (HIV) mumwazi wamagazi. Ma antibodies amapangidwa ndi thupi likaukiridwa ndi chinthu chakunja. Mulingo wokwanira wa ma antibodies a HIV ungatanthauze kuti thupi lili ndi kachilombo ka HIV. Kudziwa ngati wodwala ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV kungathandize kukonzekera chithandizo.

• Kuchulukitsa: Njira yomwe magazi amatengedwa ndikuwunika momwe maselo ofiira amafikira pansi pa chubu choyesera. Kuchuluka kwa sedimentation ndiyeso ya kuchuluka kwa kutupa mthupi. Mlingo wokwera kuposa sedimentation wokhazikika ungakhale chizindikiro cha lymphoma kapena vuto lina. Amatchedwanso erythrocyte sedimentation rate, sed rate, kapena ESR.

• PET-CT scan: Njira yophatikiza zithunzizo kuchokera pa sikani ya positron emission tomography (PET) ndi scan computed tomography (CT). Kujambula kwa PET ndi CT kumachitika nthawi yomweyo pamakina omwewo. Zithunzi zojambulidwa zonsezi zimaphatikizidwa kuti apange chithunzi chatsatanetsatane kuposa momwe mayeso angapangire mwa iwo okha. Kujambula kwa PET-CT kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kuthandizira kuzindikira matenda, monga khansa, kudziwa gawo, kukonzekera chithandizo, kapena kudziwa momwe chithandizo chikuyendera.

• CT scan (CAT scan): Njira yomwe imapanga zithunzi zingapo zamkati mwa thupi, monga khosi, chifuwa, mimba, mafupa a chiuno, ndi ma lymph node, otengedwa mbali zosiyanasiyana. Zithunzizo zimapangidwa ndi kompyuta yolumikizidwa ndi makina a x-ray. Utoto ukhoza kulowetsedwa mumtsempha kapena kumeza kuti ziwalo kapena ziwalo ziwoneke bwino. Njirayi imatchedwanso computed tomography, kompyuta tomography, kapena kompyuta axial tomography. Ngati PET-CT scan sikupezeka, CT scan yokha ikhoza kuchitidwa.

• PET scan (positron emission tomography scan): PET scan ndi njira yopezera maselo oyipa mthupi. Gulu laling'ono la shuga (radio) limabayidwa mumtsempha. Chojambulira cha PET chimazungulira thupi ndikupanga chithunzi cha komwe glucose imagwiritsidwa ntchito mthupi. Maselo otupa owopsa amawonekera pachithunzichi chifukwa amakhala otanganidwa ndipo amatenga shuga wambiri kuposa momwe maselo amachitira.

• Lymph node biopsy: Kuchotsa zonse kapena gawo la mwanabele. Katswiri wazachipatala amawona minofu pansi pa microscope kuti ayang'ane maselo a khansa otchedwa Reed-Sternberg. Maselo a Reed-Sternberg amapezeka mu Hodgkin lymphoma.

Selo la Reed-Sternberg. Maselo a Reed-Sternberg ndi ma lymphocyte akulu, osazolowereka omwe amatha kukhala ndi phata limodzi. Maselowa amapezeka mu Hodgkin lymphoma.

Chimodzi mwazinthu zotsatirazi za biopsies zitha kuchitidwa:

• Chisokonezo chodabwitsa: Kuchotsa khungu lonse.

• Incopal biopsy: Kuchotsa gawo la mwanabele.

• Core biopsy: Kuchotsa minofu kuchokera mu lymph node pogwiritsa ntchito singano yayikulu.

Madera ena amthupi, monga chiwindi, mapapo, mafupa, mafupa, ndi ubongo, amathanso kuchotsedwapo ndikuwunikidwa ndi wodwala ngati ali ndi khansa.

Mayeso otsatirawa atha kuchitidwa pamatenda omwe adachotsedwa:

• Immunophenotyping: Kuyesa kwa labotale komwe kumagwiritsa ntchito ma antibodies kuti azindikire maselo a khansa kutengera mitundu ya ma antigen kapena zolembera zomwe zili pamwamba pamaselo. Mayesowa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthandizira kudziwa mitundu ina ya lymphoma.

Kwa amayi apakati omwe ali ndi Hodgkin lymphoma, kuyerekezera kulingalira komwe kumateteza mwana wosabadwa ku zovuta za radiation kumagwiritsidwa ntchito. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• MRI (magnetic resonance imaging): Njira yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito maginito, mafunde a wailesi, ndi kompyuta kuti ipange zithunzi zingapo za malo amkati mwa thupi. Njirayi imatchedwanso nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI). Amayi omwe ali ndi pakati, utoto wosiyanitsa sagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita izi.

• Kuyesa kwa Ultrasound: Njira yomwe mafunde amawu amphamvu (ultrasound) amachotsedwa pamatumba kapena ziwalo zamkati ndikupanga mawonekedwe. Zolembawo amapanga chithunzi cha matupi amthupi otchedwa sonogram.

Zinthu zina zimakhudzanso madandaulo (mwayi wochira) ndi njira zamankhwala.

Kulosera (mwayi wochira) ndi njira zamankhwala zimadalira izi:

• Zizindikiro za wodwalayo, kuphatikiza ngati ali ndi zizindikiro za B (malungo popanda chifukwa chodziwika, kuchepa thupi popanda chifukwa chodziwikiratu, kapena kutuluka thukuta usiku).

• Gawo la khansa (kukula kwa zotupa za khansa komanso ngati khansayo yafalikira pamimba kapena magulu angapo am'mimba).

• Mtundu wa Hodgkin lymphoma.

• Zotsatira zoyesa magazi.

• Msinkhu wa wodwalayo, kugonana, komanso thanzi labwino.

• Kaya khansa yapezeka kumene, ikupitilirabe kukula panthawi yamankhwala, kapena yabwerera pambuyo pochiritsidwa.

Kwa Hodgkin lymphoma panthawi yoyembekezera, njira zamankhwala zimadaliranso:

• Zokhumba za wodwalayo.

• Zaka za mwana wosabadwa.

Munthu wamkulu Hodgkin lymphoma amatha kuchiritsidwa ngati atapezeka ndikuchiritsidwa msanga.

Miyeso ya Hodgkin Lymphoma Wamkulu

MFUNDO ZOFUNIKA

• Hodgkin lymphoma wamkulu atapezeka, amayesedwa kuti apeze ngati maselo a khansa afalikira mkati mwa lymph kapena m'mbali zina za thupi.

• Pali njira zitatu zomwe khansa imafalikira mthupi.

• A magawo awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa Hodgkin lymphoma wamkulu:

• Kuchuluka kwa I

• Mpweya II

• Mpweya III

• Mpweya IV

• AAdult Hodgkin lymphoma itha kugawidwa mothandizidwa motere:

• Zabwino Kwambiri

• Zoyipa Pakale

• Kutsogola

Hodgkin lymphoma wamkulu atapezeka, amayesedwa kuti apeze ngati maselo a khansa afalikira mkati mwa lymph kapena m'mbali zina za thupi.

Njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza ngati khansa yafalikira mkati mwa ma lymph system kapena mbali zina za thupi imatchedwa staging. Zomwe amapeza kuchokera pakukonzekera zimatsimikizira gawo la matendawa. Ndikofunikira kudziwa gawo lokonzekera chithandizo. Zotsatira za mayeso ndi njira zomwe zachitika kuti adziwe ndi Hodgkin lymphoma amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthandizira kupanga zisankho zamankhwala.

Pali njira zitatu zomwe khansa imafalikira mthupi.

Khansa imatha kufalikira kudzera mu minofu, ma lymph system, ndi magazi:

• Minofu. Khansara imafalikira kuchokera pomwe idayamba ndikukula kupita kumadera oyandikana nawo.

• Lymph dongosolo. Khansara imafalikira kuchokera pomwe idayamba polowa m'mitsempha. Khansara imadutsa m'mitsempha yamafuta kupita mbali zina za thupi.

• Magazi. Khansara imafalikira kuchokera pomwe idayamba ndikulowa m'magazi. Khansara imadutsa m'mitsempha yamagazi kupita mbali zina za thupi.

Magawo otsatirawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa Hodgkin lymphoma wamkulu:

Gawo I

Gawo I wamkulu lymphoma. Khansara imapezeka m'mimba imodzi kapena ingapo m'magulu am'magazi kapena, nthawi zambiri, khansa imapezeka mu mphete ya Waldeyer, thymus, kapena ndulu. Pa siteji IE (yosawonetsedwa), khansa yafalikira kudera lina kunja kwa ma lymph system.

Gawo I wamkulu Hodgkin lymphoma imagawika magawo I ndi IE.

• Pachigawo choyamba ine, khansa imapezeka m'malo amodzi am'mimba:

• Mmodzi kapena angapo mwanabele mu gulu la mwanabele.

• Mphete ya Waldeyer.

• Thymus.

• Nkhumba.

• Mu gawo la IE, khansa imapezeka mdera lina kunja kwa ma lymph system.

Gawo II

Gawo lachiwiri Hodgkin lymphoma lagawika magawo II ndi IIE.

• Mu gawo lachiwiri, khansa imapezeka m'magulu awiri kapena kupitilira apo am'magazi omwe ali pamwambapa kapena pansi pake.

Gawo lachiwiri la lymphoma wamkulu. Khansa imapezeka m'magulu awiri kapena kupitilira apo am'magazi omwe ali pamwambapa kapena pansi pake.

Mu gawo lachiwiri la IIE, khansa yafalikira kuchokera pagulu lamankhwala kupita kumalo oyandikira omwe ali kunja kwa ma lymph system. Khansa ikhoza kufalikira m'magulu ena am'mimba omwe ali mbali yomweyo ya chifundacho.

Gawo IIE wamkulu lymphoma. Khansa yafalikira kuchokera pagulu lamagulu am'mimba kupita kumadera oyandikira omwe ali kunja kwa ma lymph system. Khansa ikhoza kufalikira m'magulu ena am'mimba omwe ali mbali yomweyo ya chifundacho.

Mu gawo lachiwiri, mawu akuti bulky matenda amatanthauza chotupa chachikulu. Kukula kwa chotupa chomwe chimatchedwa bulky matenda chimasiyana kutengera mtundu wa lymphoma.

Gawo III

Gawo lachitatu la lymphoma wamkulu. Khansa imapezeka m'magulu am'mimba pamwamba ndi pansi pake; kapena pagulu lamankhwala am'mimba pamwamba pa diaphragm ndi ndulu.

Mu gawo lachitatu la Hodgkin lymphoma wamkulu, khansa imapezeka:

• m'magulu am'mimba pamwamba ndi pansi pake; kapena

• mu ma lymph node pamwambapa pa diaphragm ndi mu ndulu.

Gawo IV

Gawo IV wamkulu lymphoma. Khansa (a) yafalikira m'chiwalo chimodzi kapena zingapo kunja kwa mafupa; kapena (b) amapezeka m'magulu awiri kapena kupitilira apo am'magazi omwe ali pamwambapa kapena pansi pamtsempha komanso m'chiwalo chimodzi chomwe chili kunja kwa ma lymph system osati pafupi ndi ma lymph node; kapena (c) amapezeka m'magulu am'mimba pamwamba pa chifundamunsi ndi pansi pa chifundacho ndi chiwalo chilichonse chomwe chili kunja kwa mafupa; kapena (d) amapezeka mchiwindi, mafupa, malo opitilira mapapo, kapena cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Khansara siinafalikire mwachindunji m'chiwindi, m'mafupa, m'mapapo, kapena CSF kuchokera ku ma lymph node apafupi.

Mu gawo IV wamkulu Hodgkin lymphoma, khansa:

• yafalikira m'chiwalo chimodzi kapena zingapo kunja kwa mafupa; kapena

• imapezeka m'magulu awiri kapena kupitilira apo am'magazi omwe ali pamwamba pa chifundamtima kapena pansi pa diaphragm ndi chiwalo chimodzi chomwe chili kunja kwa ma lymph system osati pafupi ndi ma lymph node; kapena

• imapezeka m'magulu am'mimba pamwamba ndi pansi pa diaphragm komanso m'chiwalo chilichonse chomwe chili kunja kwa ma lymph; kapena

• amapezeka mchiwindi, mafupa, malo opitilira mapapo, kapena cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Khansara siinafalikire mwachindunji m'chiwindi, m'mafupa, m'mapapo, kapena CSF kuchokera ku ma lymph node apafupi.

Munthu wamkulu Hodgkin lymphoma atha kugawidwa mothandizidwa motere:

Oyambirira Kwambiri

Hodgkin lymphoma wachikulire woyambirira ndi gawo I kapena gawo lachiwiri, popanda zoopsa zomwe zimawonjezera mwayi woti khansa ibwererenso ikachiritsidwa.

Zoyipa Poyambirira

Hodgkin lymphoma wachikulire woyipa ndi gawo I kapena gawo lachiwiri ndi chimodzi kapena zingapo mwaziopsezo zomwe zimawonjezera mwayi woti khansa ibwererenso ikachiritsidwa:

• Kukhala ndi chotupa pachifuwa chomwe chimaposa 1/3 m'lifupi mwa chifuwa kapena osachepera 10 sentimita.

• Kukhala ndi khansa m'chiwalo china kupatula ma lymph node.

• Pokhala ndi gawo lokwera kwambiri la sedimentation (mchitsanzo cha magazi, maselo ofiira amafikira kumapeto kwa chubu choyesera mwachangu kwambiri).

• Kukhala ndi ma lymph node atatu kapena kupitilira apo omwe ali ndi khansa.

• Kukhala ndi zizindikilo za B (malungo popanda chifukwa chodziwika, kuchepa thupi popanda chifukwa chodziwikiratu, kapena kukhathamiritsa thukuta usiku).

Zapamwamba

Advanced Hodgkin lymphoma ndi gawo lachitatu kapena gawo IV. Kupititsa patsogolo kwa Hodgkin lymphoma kumatanthauza kuti wodwalayo ali ndi 0-3 pazomwe zili pachiwopsezo pansipa. Hodgkin lymphoma yovuta kwambiri ikutanthauza kuti wodwalayo ali ndi zoopsa zinayi kapena zingapo pansipa. Zowopsa zomwe wodwala amakhala nazo, ndizotheka kuti khansara ibweranso atachiritsidwa:

• Kukhala ndi mulingo wotsika wama albumin (protein) (pansipa 4).

• Kukhala ndi mulingo wochepa wa hemoglobin (pansi pa 10.5).

• Kukhala wamwamuna.

• Kukhala okalamba zaka 45 kapena kupitirira.

• Kukhala ndi matenda a gawo IV.

• Kukhala ndi kuchuluka kwama cell oyera (15,000 kapena kupitilira apo).

• Kukhala ndi kuchuluka kwa ma lymphocyte (osachepera 600 kapena ochepera 8% a kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera a magazi).

Wobwereza Hodgkin Lymphoma Wamkulu

Hodgkin lymphoma wachikulire ndi khansa yomwe yabwereranso (itabweranso) itachiritsidwa. Khansara imatha kubwereranso mumatumbo kapena mbali zina za thupi.

Chithandizo Chosankha Mwachidule

MFUNDO ZOFUNIKA

• Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chithandizo cha odwala omwe ali ndi Hodgkin lymphoma wamkulu.

• Odwala omwe ali ndi Hodgkin lymphoma ayenera kuthandizidwa ndi gulu la omwe amapereka chithandizo chamankhwala am'mimba.

• Kuchiza kwa Hodgkin lymphoma wamkulu kumatha kuyambitsa zovuta.

• Mitundu inayi yamankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito amagwiritsidwa ntchito:

• Chemotherapy

• Thandizo la radiation

• Chithandizo chofuna

• Chitetezo chamatenda

• Kwa odwala omwe ali ndi Hodgkin lymphoma, njira zamankhwala zimaphatikizaponso:

• Kudikira kudikira

• Steroid mankhwala

• Mitundu yatsopano yamankhwala ikuyesedwa m'mayesero azachipatala.

• Chemotherapy yokhala ndi tsinde

• Odwala angaganize zopita nawo kukayezetsa.

• Odwala amatha kulowa m'mayesero azachipatala asanayambe, asanayambe, kapena atayamba kulandira chithandizo cha khansa.

• Mayeso otsatirawa angafunike.

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chithandizo cha odwala omwe ali ndi Hodgkin lymphoma wamkulu.

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chithandizo kwa odwala omwe ali ndi Hodgkin lymphoma wamkulu. Mankhwala ena ndi ofanana (omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito pano), ndipo ena akuyesedwa m'mayesero azachipatala. Kuyesedwa kwachipatala ndi kafukufuku wofufuza wothandizira kusintha chithandizo chamakono kapena kupeza zidziwitso zamankhwala atsopano kwa odwala khansa. Pamene mayesero azachipatala awonetsa kuti chithandizo chatsopano ndichabwino kuposa chithandizo chamankhwala, chithandizocho chitha kukhala chamankhwala wamba. Odwala angaganize zopita nawo kukayezetsa. Mayesero ena azachipatala ndi otseguka kwa odwala omwe sanayambe kulandira chithandizo.

Kwa amayi apakati omwe ali ndi Hodgkin lymphoma, chithandizo chimasankhidwa mosamala kuteteza mwana wosabadwa. Zosankha zamankhwala zimadalira zomwe mayi amafuna, gawo la Hodgkin lymphoma, komanso zaka za mwana wosabadwa. Dongosolo la chithandizo lingasinthe momwe zizindikilo, khansa, ndi pakati zimasinthira. Kusankha chithandizo choyenera kwambiri cha khansa ndichisankho chomwe chimakhudza gulu la odwala, banja, komanso zamankhwala.

Odwala omwe ali ndi Hodgkin lymphoma ayenera kuthandizidwa ndi gulu la omwe amapereka chithandizo chamankhwala am'mimba.

Chithandizo chidzayang'aniridwa ndi oncologist wazachipatala, dokotala yemwe amakhazikika pochiza khansa. Dokotala wa oncologist atha kukutumizirani kwa ena othandizira azaumoyo omwe ali ndi luso komanso luso lakuchiritsa Hodgkin lymphoma wachikulire yemwe amadziwika m'malo ena azachipatala. Izi zingaphatikizepo akatswiri awa:

• Wofufuza oncologist.

• Katswiri wokonzanso.

• Katswiri wa zachipatala.

• Akatswiri ena a oncology.

Kuchiza kwa Hodgkin lymphoma wamkulu kumatha kuyambitsa zovuta.

Kuti mumve zambiri zamankhwala oyambilira omwe amayamba mukalandira chithandizo cha khansa, onani tsamba lathu la Zotsatira Zotsatira.

Zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwala a khansa omwe amayamba atalandira chithandizo ndikupitilira kwa miyezi kapena zaka amatchedwa zotsatira zakuchedwa. Kuchiza ndi chemotherapy ndi / kapena radiation radiation ya Hodgkin lymphoma kumatha kuwonjezera ngozi ya khansa yachiwiri ndi mavuto ena azaumoyo kwa miyezi kapena zaka zambiri mutalandira chithandizo. Zotsatira zakuchedwa izi zimadalira mtundu wa mankhwala ndi msinkhu wa wodwalayo akamalandira chithandizo, ndipo atha kukhala ndi izi:

• Khansa yachiwiri.

• Khansa ya m'magazi yayikulu komanso yosakhala Hodgkin lymphoma.

• Zotupa zolimba, monga mesothelioma ndi khansa ya m'mapapo, m'mawere, chithokomiro, mafupa, minofu yofewa, m'mimba, minyewa, kholingo, thumbo, khomo lachiberekero, ndi mutu ndi khosi.

• Kusabereka.

• Hypothyroidism (mahomoni ochepa a chithokomiro m'magazi).

• Matenda a mtima, monga matenda a mtima.

• Mavuto am'mapapo, monga kupuma movutikira.

• Mafupa a necrosis a mafupa (kufa kwa maselo amfupa omwe amayamba chifukwa chosowa magazi).

• Matenda owopsa.

• Kutopa kwambiri.

Kutsatila pafupipafupi ndi madotolo omwe ndi akatswiri pakupeza ndikuchiza zotsatira zake ndikofunikira kuti akhale ndi thanzi lalitali la odwala omwe amathandizidwa ndi Hodgkin lymphoma.

Mitundu inayi yamankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito amagwiritsidwa ntchito:

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy ndi chithandizo cha khansa chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala amodzi kapena angapo poletsa kukula kwa maselo a khansa, mwina popha ma cell kapena kuwaletsa kuti asagawane. Kuchiza khansa pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opitilira chemotherapy amatchedwa chemotherapy. Chemotherapy ikamamwa pakamwa kapena kulowetsedwa mumtsempha kapena minofu, mankhwalawa amalowa m'magazi ndipo amatha kufikira ma cell a khansa mthupi lonse (systemic chemotherapy). Chemotherapy ikaikidwa molunjika m'matumbo a cerebrospinal, chiwalo, kapena thupi ngati pamimba, mankhwalawa amakhudza kwambiri ma cell a khansa m'malo amenewo (chemotherapy am'madera).

Momwe chemotherapy imaperekedwa imadalira mtundu ndi gawo la khansa yomwe ikuchitidwa. Mankhwala osakanikirana omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira Hodgkin lymphoma wamkulu.

Mayi wapakati akamalandira mankhwala a chemotherapy a Hodgkin lymphoma, sizingatheke kuteteza mwana wosabadwa kuti asalandire chemotherapy. Mitundu ina ya chemotherapy imatha kubweretsa zoperewera mukapatsidwa trimester yoyamba. Vinblastine ndi mankhwala oletsa khansa omwe sanagwirizane ndi zolepheretsa kubadwa akapatsidwa gawo lachiwiri kapena lachitatu la mimba.

Onani Mankhwala Ovomerezeka a Hodgkin Lymphoma kuti mumve zambiri.

Thandizo la radiation

Thandizo la radiation ndi chithandizo cha khansa chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito ma x-ray amphamvu kapena mitundu ina ya radiation kuti iphe ma cell a khansa kapena kuti asakule. Thandizo la radiation lakunja limagwiritsa ntchito makina kunja kwa thupi kuti atumize cheza chakuthupi ndi khansa. Nthawi zina kutulutsa thupi kwathunthu kumapatsidwa thupi lonse kusanachitike.

Thandizo la radiation la radiation likuwerengedwa pochizira odwala achikazi kuti achepetse chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mawere. Thandizo la radiation la radiation limagwiritsa ntchito ma proton (tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe tili ndi vuto) kupha maselo otupa. Chithandizo chamtunduwu chitha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kwa ma radiation kumatenda athanzi pafupi ndi chotupa monga mtima kapena bere.

Thandizo la radiation lakunja limagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira Hodgkin lymphoma wamkulu ndipo itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati mankhwala ochepetsa nkhawa kuti athetse zofooka ndikukhala ndi moyo wabwino.

Kwa mayi wapakati yemwe ali ndi Hodgkin lymphoma, mankhwala ochizira ma radiation amayenera kuchedwetsedwa mpaka atabereka, ngati zingatheke, kuti apewe chiopsezo chilichonse chokhala ndi mwana wakhanda. Ngati chithandizo chikufunika nthawi yomweyo, mayiyo angasankhe kupitiriza kutenga pakati ndikulandila chithandizo chama radiation. Chishango chotsogolera chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphimba pamimba ya mayi wapakati kuti ateteze mwana yemwe sanabadwe ku radiation momwe angathere.

Chithandizo chofuna

Chithandizo choyenera ndi mtundu wa chithandizo chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena zinthu zina kuti ziwononge maselo a khansa. Njira zochiritsira zomwe zingachitike zimatha kupweteketsa maselo abwinobwino kuposa chemotherapy kapena radiation.

Mankhwala a monoclonal antibody ndi mtundu wa mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza Hodgkin lymphoma.

• Thandizo la monoclonal antibody ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsa ntchito ma antibodies opangidwa mu labotore, kuchokera ku mtundu umodzi wa chitetezo chamthupi. Ma antibodies awa amatha kuzindikira zinthu zomwe zili m'maselo a khansa kapena zinthu zabwinobwino zomwe zingathandize ma cell a khansa kukula. Ma antibodies amalumikizana ndi zinthuzo ndikupha ma cell a khansa, amalepheretsa kukula kwawo, kapena amalepheretsa kufalikira. Ma antibodies a monoclonal amaperekedwa mwa kulowetsedwa. Angagwiritsidwe ntchito okha kapena kunyamula mankhwala osokoneza bongo, poizoni, kapena zinthu zowononga radio kupita kuma cell a khansa.

Brentuximab ndi rituximab ndi ma monoclonal antibodies omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira Hodgkin lymphoma.

Onani Mankhwala Ovomerezeka a Hodgkin Lymphoma kuti mumve zambiri.

Chitetezo chamatenda

Immunotherapy ndi chithandizo chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito chitetezo cha mthupi cha wodwalayo kuthana ndi khansa. Zinthu zomwe thupi limapanga kapena zopangidwa mu labotale zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukulitsa, kuwongolera, kapena kubwezeretsa chitetezo chamthupi cha khansa. Chithandizo cha khansa choterechi chimatchedwanso biotherapy kapena biologic therapy.

Mankhwala oteteza chitetezo cha mthupi ndi mtundu wa immunotherapy.

• Mankhwala oteteza ku chitetezo cha mthupi: PD-1 ndi mapuloteni pamwamba pa ma T omwe amathandiza kuti chitetezo cha mthupi chitetezedwe. PD-1 ikamangirira puloteni ina yotchedwa PDL-1 pakhungu la khansa, imayimitsa T cell kuti isaphe khungu la khansa. PD-1 inhibitors amadziphatika ku PDL-1 ndikulola ma T maselo kupha ma cell a khansa.

Nivolumab ndi pembrolizumab ndi mitundu ya ma immune blockpoint inhibitors omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira Hodgkin lymphoma yomwe yabwereranso (kubwerera).

Chitetezo cha chitetezo cha mthupi. Mapuloteni owunika, monga PD-L1 pama cell a chotupa ndi PD-1 pama cell a T, amathandizira kuyang'anira mayankho amthupi. Kumanga kwa PD-L1 mpaka PD-1 kumapangitsa kuti ma T asaphe ma cell am'mimba (gulu lakumanzere). Kuletsa kumangiriza kwa PD-L1 mpaka PD-1 yokhala ndi chitetezo chodzitetezera (anti-PD-L1 kapena anti-PD-1) kumalola ma T maselo kupha ma cell a chotupa (gulu lamanja).

Onani Mankhwala Ovomerezeka a Hodgkin Lymphoma kuti mumve zambiri.

Kwa odwala omwe ali ndi Hodgkin lymphoma, njira zamankhwala zimaphatikizaponso:

Kudikira kudikira

Kuyembekezera mwachidwi kumayang'anitsitsa matenda a wodwalayo osamupatsa chithandizo chilichonse pokhapokha ngati zizindikilo zosintha kapena kusintha. Ntchito ingayambike pamene mwana wosabadwa ali ndi zaka 32 mpaka 36 zakubadwa kuti mayi ayambe kulandira chithandizo.

Steroid mankhwala

Steroids ndi mahomoni opangidwa mwachilengedwe mthupi ndi adrenal gland komanso ziwalo zoberekera. Mitundu ina ya steroids imapangidwa mu labotale. Mankhwala ena a steroid apezeka kuti amathandizira chemotherapy kugwira ntchito bwino ndikuthandizira kuletsa kukula kwa maselo a khansa. Ngati kubereka koyambirira kungachitike, ma steroids amathanso kuthandiza mapapu a mwana wosabadwa kukula mwachangu kuposa zachilendo. Izi zimapatsa ana obadwa msanga mwayi wabwino wopulumuka.

Onani Mankhwala Ovomerezeka a Hodgkin Lymphoma kuti mumve zambiri.

Mitundu yatsopano yamankhwala ikuyesedwa m'mayesero azachipatala.

Gawo lachiduleli likufotokoza zamankhwala omwe akuwerengedwa m'mayesero azachipatala. Sizingatchule chithandizo chilichonse chatsopano chomwe akuphunzira. Zambiri zamayeso azachipatala zimapezeka patsamba la NCI.

Chemotherapy yokhala ndi tsinde

Mlingo waukulu wa chemotherapy umaperekedwa kuti uphe ma cell a khansa. Maselo athanzi, kuphatikiza maselo opanga magazi, nawonso amawonongedwa ndi chithandizo cha khansa. Kuika timitengo tating'onoting'ono ndi chithandizo m'malo mwa maselo omwe amapanga magazi. Maselo otchedwa stem cells (maselo a magazi osakhwima) amachotsedwa m'magazi kapena m'mafupa a wodwalayo kapena woperekayo ndipo amaundana ndi kusungidwa. Wodwalayo akamaliza chemotherapy ndi radiation, ma cell omwe amasungidwa amasungunuka ndikubwezeretsedwanso mwa kulowetsedwa. Maselo amtundu wobwezeretsansowa amakula (ndikubwezeretsanso) maselo amthupi.

Odwala angaganize zopita nawo kukayezetsa.

Kwa odwala ena, kutenga nawo mbali pakuyesa chithandizo chachipatala kungakhale njira yabwino kwambiri yothandizira. Mayesero azachipatala ndi gawo limodzi la kafukufuku wa khansa. Mayesero azachipatala amachitika kuti apeze ngati mankhwala atsopano a khansa ndi otetezeka komanso ogwira ntchito kapena abwinoko kuposa mankhwala wamba.

Njira zambiri zamankhwala zochiritsira khansa zimachokera kumayeso am'mbuyomu azachipatala. Odwala omwe amatenga nawo mbali pachipatala atha kulandira chithandizo chofananira kapena kukhala oyamba kulandira chithandizo chatsopano.

Odwala omwe amatenga nawo mbali pazoyeserera zamankhwala amathandizanso kukonza momwe khansa idzathandizire mtsogolo. Ngakhale mayesero azachipatala satsogolera kuchipatala chatsopano, nthawi zambiri amayankha mafunso ofunikira ndikuthandizira kupititsa patsogolo kafukufuku.

Odwala amatha kulowa m'mayesero azachipatala asanayambe, asanayambe, kapena atayamba kulandira chithandizo cha khansa.

Mayesero ena azachipatala amangophatikizapo odwala omwe sanalandire chithandizo. Mayesero ena amayesa chithandizo kwa odwala omwe khansa yawo sinakhale bwino. Palinso mayesero azachipatala omwe amayesa njira zatsopano zothetsera khansa kuti isabwererenso (kubwerera) kapena kuchepetsa zovuta zoyambitsidwa ndi khansa.

Mayesero azachipatala akuchitika m'malo ambiri mdziko muno. Zambiri zamayeso azachipatala othandizidwa ndi NCI zitha kupezeka patsamba lofufuza zamankhwala la NCI. Mayesero azachipatala othandizidwa ndi mabungwe ena amapezeka patsamba la ClinicalTrials.gov.

Mayeso otsatirawa angafunike.

Ena mwa mayesero omwe adachitika kuti apeze khansa kapena kuti adziwe momwe khansa iliri angabwerezedwenso. Mayesero ena adzabwerezedwa kuti awone momwe mankhwalawa akugwirira ntchito. Zisankho zakuti mupitilize, kusintha, kapena kusiya kulandira chithandizo zitha kutengera zotsatira za mayeso awa.

Kuyesaku kumangopitilira kuchitika nthawi ndi nthawi mankhwala atatha. Zotsatira zamayesowa zitha kuwonetsa ngati vuto lanu lasintha kapena ngati khansa yabwereranso (bwererani). Mayesowa nthawi zina amatchedwa kuyesa kutsata kapena kukayezetsa.

Njira Zothandizira Kuchiza Kwa Hodgkin Lymphoma Woyambirira Wabwino

Chithandizo cha Hodgkin lymphoma yoyambirira mwa achikulire atha kukhala ndi izi:

• Kuphatikiza chemotherapy.

• Kuphatikiza chemotherapy ndi mankhwala a radiation kumadera a thupi ndi khansa.

• Mankhwala a radiation okha mwa odwala omwe sangachiritsidwe ndi kuphatikiza chemotherapy.

Kuti mumve zambiri zamankhwala omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa, onani gawo la Chisankho Chachidule.

Gwiritsani ntchito kusaka kwathu kwamankhwala kuti mupeze mayesero azachipatala omwe amathandizidwa ndi NCI omwe akulandira odwala. Mutha kusaka mayesero kutengera mtundu wa khansa, zaka za wodwalayo, komanso komwe mayeserowo akuchitika. Zambiri pazokhudza mayesero azachipatala zimapezekanso.

Njira Zithandizo Zaku Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma

Kuchiza kwa Hodgkin lymphoma koyambirira koyipa mwa achikulire kungaphatikizepo izi:

• Kuphatikiza chemotherapy ndi mankhwala a radiation kumadera a thupi ndi khansa.

• Kuphatikiza chemotherapy.

• Kuyesedwa kwachipatala kwa mankhwala omwe ali ndi monoclonal antibody (brentuximab) kapena immunotherapy yokhala ndi chitetezo cha chitetezo cha mthupi.

Kuti mumve zambiri zamankhwala omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa, onani gawo la Chisankho Chachidule.

Gwiritsani ntchito kusaka kwathu kwamankhwala kuti mupeze mayesero azachipatala omwe amathandizidwa ndi NCI omwe akulandira odwala. Mutha kusaka mayesero kutengera mtundu wa khansa, zaka za wodwalayo, komanso komwe mayeserowo akuchitika. Zambiri pazokhudza mayesero azachipatala zimapezekanso.

Njira Zithandizo Zaku Advanced Hodgkin Lymphoma

Chithandizo cha Hodgkin lymphoma wamkulu mwa anthu akulu atha kukhala awa:

• Kuphatikiza chemotherapy.

Kuti mumve zambiri zamankhwala omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa, onani gawo la Chisankho Chachidule.

Gwiritsani ntchito kusaka kwathu kwamankhwala kuti mupeze mayesero azachipatala omwe amathandizidwa ndi NCI omwe akulandira odwala. Mutha kusaka mayesero kutengera mtundu wa khansa, zaka za wodwalayo, komanso komwe mayeserowo akuchitika. Zambiri pazokhudza mayesero azachipatala zimapezekanso.

Njira Zothandizira Kuchiza Kwa Hodgkin Lymphoma Waposachedwa

Kuchiza kwa Hodgkin lymphoma kwa anthu akuluakulu kungaphatikizepo izi:

• Chithandizo chojambulidwa ndi antioclonal antibody (brentuximab).

• Kuphatikizana kwa chemotherapy kutsatiridwa ndi chemotherapy yayikulu komanso kuponyera ma cell. Thandizo la radiation lingaperekedwe ngati khansa ikatsalira

mutalandira chithandizo. Thandizo lojambulidwa (brentuximab) lingaperekedwe pambuyo pokhazikitsidwa ndi selo.

• Immunotherapy yokhala ndi chitetezo cha chitetezo cha mthupi (nivolumab kapena pembrolizumab).

• Kuphatikiza chemotherapy.

• Kuphatikiza kwa chemotherapy ndi mankhwala a radiation kumadera a thupi ndi khansa kwa odwala azaka zopitilira 60.

• Mankhwala a radiation kapena chemotherapy, kapena opanda chemotherapy, kwa odwala omwe khansa imangobwerera m'matenda am'mimba.

• Chemotherapy ngati mankhwala ochepetsa nkhawa kuti athetse vuto ndikukhala ndi moyo wabwino.

Kuti mumve zambiri zamankhwala omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa, onani gawo la Chisankho Chachidule.

Gwiritsani ntchito kusaka kwathu kwamankhwala kuti mupeze mayesero azachipatala omwe amathandizidwa ndi NCI omwe akulandira odwala. Mutha kusaka mayesero kutengera mtundu wa khansa, zaka za wodwalayo, komanso komwe mayeserowo akuchitika. Zambiri pazokhudza mayesero azachipatala zimapezekanso.

Njira Zothandizira Kuchiza Kwa Hodgkin Lymphoma

Chithandizo cha nodular lymphocyte-makamaka Hodgkin lymphoma mwa akulu atha kukhala awa:

• Chithandizo cha ma radiation kumadera a thupi omwe ali ndi khansa, kwa odwala omwe ali ndi gawo loyambirira la nodular lymphocyte-makamaka Hodgkin lymphoma.

• Chemotherapy, kwa odwala omwe ali ndi gawo lotsogola la nodular lymphocyte-lalikulu la Hodgkin lymphoma.

• Chithandizo chojambulidwa ndi antioclonal antibody (rituximab).

Kuti mumve zambiri zamankhwala omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa, onani gawo la Chisankho Chachidule.

Njira Zothandizira Kuchiza Hodgkin Lymphoma Mimba

M'chigawo chino

• Hodgkin Lymphoma Pa Nthawi Yoyamba Yoyamba Ya Mimba

• Hodgkin Lymphoma Nthawi Yachiwiri kapena Yachitatu ya Mimba

Kuti mumve zambiri zamankhwala omwe atchulidwa pansipa, onani gawo la Chisankho Chachidule.

Hodgkin Lymphoma Pa Nthawi Yoyamba Yoyamba Ya Mimba

Hodgkin lymphoma ikapezeka mchaka choyamba cha mimba, sizitanthauza kuti mayiyo amalangizidwa kuti athetse mimba. Chithandizo cha mayi aliyense chimadalira gawo la lymphoma, momwe ikukula mofulumira, komanso zofuna zake. Chithandizo cha Hodgkin lymphoma m'nthawi ya trimester yoyamba ingakhale ndi izi:

• Kuyang'anitsitsa kudikira khansa ili pamwamba pa chifundiro ndipo ikukula pang'onopang'ono. Ntchito imatha kuchititsidwa ndipo mwana amabala msanga kuti mayi ayambe kulandira chithandizo.

• Thandizo la radiation pamene khansa ili pamwambapa. Chikopa chotsogolera chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza mwana wosabadwa ku ma radiation momwe angathere.

• Chemotherapy pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala amodzi kapena angapo.

Hodgkin Lymphoma Nthawi Yachiwiri kapena Yachitatu ya Mimba

Hodgkin lymphoma ikapezeka mu theka lachiwiri la mimba, amayi ambiri amatha kuchedwa mpaka atabadwa. Chithandizo cha Hodgkin lymphoma m'chigawo chachiwiri kapena chachitatu cha mimba chitha kukhala ndi izi:

• Kuyang'anira mwachidwi, ndimalingaliro olimbikitsa kubereka pamene mwana wosabadwa ali ndi zaka 32 mpaka 36 zakubadwa.

• Thandizo la radiation kuti muchepetse mavuto opuma chifukwa cha chotupa chachikulu m'chifuwa.

• Mgwirizano wa chemotherapy pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala amodzi kapena angapo.

• Steroid mankhwala.

Kuti mudziwe zambiri za Hodgkin Lymphoma Wamkulu

Kuti mumve zambiri kuchokera ku National Cancer Institute yokhudza Hodgkin lymphoma wamkulu, onani izi:

• Tsamba Lymphoma Tsamba

• Mankhwala Ovomerezeka a Hodgkin Lymphoma

Kuti mumve zambiri za khansa ndi zinthu zina zochokera ku National Cancer Institute, onani izi:

• Za Khansa

• Kusinthana

• Chemotherapy and You: Kuthandiza Anthu Omwe Ali Ndi Khansa

• Thandizo la Radiation ndi Inu: Thandizo kwa Anthu Omwe Ali ndi Khansa

• Kulimbana ndi khansa

• Mafunso oti mufunse dokotala wanu za khansa

• Kwa Opulumuka ndi Owasamalira

Za Chidule cha

Za

Physician Data Query () ndi nkhokwe ya National Cancer Institute's (NCI's) yokhudza zambiri za khansa. Database ya ili ndi chidule cha zomwe zatulutsidwa posachedwa popewa khansa, kuzindikira, ma genetics, chithandizo, chisamaliro chothandizira, komanso mankhwala othandizira komanso othandizira. Zambiri mwachidule zimabwera m'mitundu iwiri. Omasulira akatswiriwa ali ndi zambiri zolembedwa mchilankhulo chaukadaulo. Mitundu ya odwala imalembedwa m'njira yosavuta kumva, yopanda ukadaulo. Mabaibulo onsewa ali ndi chidziwitso cha khansa chomwe ndicholondola komanso chaposachedwa ndipo matembenuzidwe ambiri amapezekanso m'Chisipanishi.

ndi ntchito ya NCI. NCI ndi gawo la National Institutes of Health (NIH). NIH ndiye likulu la kafukufuku waboma. Zidule za zimakhazikitsidwa pakuwunika kodziyimira pawokha zolemba zamankhwala. Sindiwo malingaliro a NCI kapena NIH.

Cholinga cha Chidule ichi

Chidule cha khansa ya ili ndi zambiri zamankhwala amachiritso a Hodgkin lymphoma wamkulu. Zimatanthauza kudziwitsa ndi kuthandiza odwala, mabanja, ndi osamalira. Sichipereka malangizo kapena malingaliro apadera popanga zisankho pazokhudzaumoyo.

Owunikanso ndi Zosintha

Mamembala Olemba amalemba zidule za khansa ya ndikuziwongolera. Ma board awa amapangidwa ndi akatswiri azithandizo zamatenda a khansa ndi zina zapadera zokhudzana ndi khansa. Zowombazi zimawunikiridwa pafupipafupi ndipo amasintha pakakhala zatsopano. Deti pachidule chilichonse ("Kusinthidwa") ndi tsiku losintha posachedwa kwambiri.

Zomwe zili pachidule ichi zidatengedwa kuchokera ku mtundu wa akatswiri azaumoyo, womwe umawunikidwa pafupipafupi ndikusinthidwa momwe zingafunikire, ndi Adult Treatment Editorial Board.

Zambiri Zoyesa Zachipatala

Kuyesedwa kwachipatala ndi kafukufuku woti ayankhe funso lasayansi, monga ngati mankhwala amodzi aposa ena. Mayesero amatengera maphunziro am'mbuyomu ndi zomwe taphunzira mu labotale. Chiyeso chilichonse chimayankha mafunso ena asayansi kuti apeze njira zatsopano komanso zabwino zothandiza odwala khansa. Mukamayesedwa azachipatala, zambiri zimasonkhanitsidwa pazokhudza chithandizo chatsopano ndi momwe chimagwirira ntchito. Ngati kuyesa kwachipatala kukuwonetsa kuti chithandizo chatsopano ndichabwino kuposa chomwe chikugwiritsidwa ntchito pano, chithandizo chatsopano chitha kukhala "chovomerezeka". Odwala angaganize zopita nawo kukayezetsa. Mayesero ena azachipatala ndi otseguka kwa odwala omwe sanayambe kulandira chithandizo.

Mayesero azachipatala amapezeka pa intaneti patsamba la NCI. Kuti mumve zambiri, imbani Cancer Information Service (CIS), malo olumikizirana ndi NCI, ku 1-800-4-CANCER (1-800-422-6237).

Chilolezo Chogwiritsa Ntchito Chidule Ichi

ndi dzina lolembedwa. Zomwe zili mu zikalata za zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito momasuka ngati zolemba. Sizingadziwike kuti ndi chidule cha khansa ya NCI pokhapokha chidule chonse chikuwonetsedwa ndikusinthidwa pafupipafupi. Komabe, wogwiritsa akhoza kuloledwa kulemba chiganizo monga "Chidule cha chidziwitso cha khansa ya PDI ya NCI chokhudza kupewa khansa ya m'mawere chimanena zoopsa zake motere: [onaninso mwachidule mwachidule]."

Njira yabwino yolongosola chidule cha ndi:

Zithunzi pazidulezi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chilolezo cha wolemba, wojambula, ndi / kapena wofalitsa kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito pazidule za zokha. Ngati mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito chithunzi kuchokera pachidule cha ndipo simukugwiritsa ntchito chidule chonse, muyenera kupeza chilolezo kuchokera kwa mwininyumba. Sizingaperekedwe ndi National Cancer Institute. Zambiri zogwiritsa ntchito zithunzizi mwachidule, komanso zithunzi zina zambiri zokhudzana ndi khansa zitha kupezeka mu Visuals Online. Zowoneka paintaneti ndi zithunzi zoposa 3,000 zasayansi.

Chodzikanira

Zomwe zidafotokozedwazi siziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chisankho chobwezera inshuwaransi. Zambiri pazokhudza inshuwaransi zikupezeka ku Cancer.gov patsamba la Managing Care Care.

Lumikizanani nafe

Zambiri zokhudzana ndi kulumikizana nafe kapena kulandira thandizo patsamba la Cancer.gov zitha kupezeka patsamba Lumikizanani nafe kuti tithandizidwe. Mafunso amathanso kuperekedwa ku Cancer.gov kudzera pa Tsamba Lakutumiza la Imelo.