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Chithandizo cha Cell Leukemia Treatment (®) -Patient Version

Zambiri Zokhudza Khansa ya m'magazi

MFUNDO ZOFUNIKA

• Khansa ya m'magazi ndi mtundu wa khansa momwe mafupa amapangira ma lymphocyte ambiri (mtundu wa khungu loyera).

• Khansa ya m'magazi ingakhudze maselo ofiira ofiira, maselo oyera amwazi, ndi ma platelet.

• Jenda ndi zaka zingakhudze chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'magazi.

• Zizindikiro za khansa ya m'magazi imaphatikizapo matenda, kutopa, ndi kupweteka pansi pa nthiti.

• Kuyesa komwe kumayesa magazi ndi mafupa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti apeze (kupeza) ndikuzindikira khansa ya m'magazi yaubweya.

• Zinthu zina zimakhudza njira zamankhwala zamankhwala komanso zamankhwala (mwayi wochira).

Khansa ya m'magazi ndi mtundu wa khansa momwe mafupa amapangira ma lymphocyte ambiri (mtundu wa khungu loyera).

Khansa ya m'magazi ndi khansa yamagazi ndi mafupa. Mtundu wocheperako wa khansa ya m'magazi umakulirakulira pang'onopang'ono kapena sukuipiraipira konse. Matendawa amatchedwa celly leukemia chifukwa maselo a leukemia amawoneka ngati "aubweya" akawonedwa ndi microscope.

Thupi la fupa. Fupa limapangidwa ndi fupa lophatikizana, fupa la siponji, ndi mafupa. Fupa lokwanira limapanga gawo lakunja la fupa. Mafupa a siponji amapezeka makamaka kumapeto kwa mafupa ndipo amakhala ndi mafuta ofiira. Mafupa a mafupa amapezeka pakatikati pa mafupa ambiri ndipo amakhala ndi mitsempha yambiri yamagazi. Pali mitundu iwiri ya mafupa: ofiira ndi achikasu. Mafupa ofiira amakhala ndimaselo amwazi omwe amatha kukhala maselo ofiira, maselo oyera amwazi, kapena ma platelet. Mafupa achikasu amapangidwa makamaka ndi mafuta.

Khansa ya m'magazi ingakhudze maselo ofiira ofiira, maselo oyera amwazi, ndi ma platelet.

Nthawi zambiri, mafupa amapanga magazi am'magazi (maselo osakhwima) omwe amakhala maselo amwazi okhwima pakapita nthawi. Selo loyambira magazi limatha kukhala khungu la myeloid kapena tsinde la lymphoid.

Selo loyambira la myeloid limakhala amodzi mwamitundu itatu yamaselo okhazikika amwazi:

• Maselo ofiira ofiira omwe amanyamula mpweya ndi zinthu zina kumatumba onse amthupi.

• Maselo oyera amagazi omwe amalimbana ndi matenda komanso matenda.

• Mipata yomwe imapanga magazi kuundana kuti magazi asiye kutuluka.

Selo la tsinde la lymphoid limakhala khungu la lymphoblast kenako nkukhala imodzi mwamitundu itatu yama lymphocyte (maselo oyera amwazi):

• Ma lymphocyte B omwe amapanga ma antibodies kuti athandizire kulimbana ndi matenda.

• Ma lymphocyte a T omwe amathandiza ma lymphocyte a B kupanga ma antibodies othandiza kuthana ndi matenda.

• Maselo opha achilengedwe omwe amalimbana ndi ma khansa ndi ma virus.

Kukula kwa maselo amwazi. Selo loyambira magazi limadutsa masitepe angapo kuti likhale khungu lofiira, platelet, kapena khungu loyera.

M'magazi am'magazi aubweya wambiri, maselo amwazi ambiri amakhala ma lymphocyte. Ma lymphocyte awa ndi achilendo ndipo samakhala maselo oyera amtundu wathanzi. Amatchedwanso maselo a khansa ya m'magazi. Maselo a khansa ya m'magazi amatha kukhazikika m'magazi ndi m'mafupa chifukwa pamakhala malo ochepa okhala ndi magazi oyera oyera, maselo ofiira, ndi ma platelets. Izi zitha kuyambitsa matenda, kuchepa kwa magazi, komanso magazi osavuta. Maselo ena a khansa ya m'magazi amatha kusonkhana mumphaka ndikupangitsa kuti itupuke.

Chidulechi ndi cha khansa ya m'magazi yaubweya. Onani zowerengera zotsatirazi za kuti mumve zambiri za mitundu ina ya khansa ya m'magazi:

• Kuchiza Kwa Akuluakulu Otsitsa Khansa Ya m'magazi.

• Kuchiza Kwachangu kwa Lymphoblastic Leukemia Treatment.

• Kuchiza Kwachilendo kwa Lymphocytic Leukemia.

• Chithandizo Chachikulu cha Myeloid Leukemia.

• Ubwana Wopweteka Myeloid Leukemia / Other Myeloid Malignancies Chithandizo.

• Chithandizo Chachangu cha Leukemia.

Jenda ndi zaka zingakhudze chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'magazi.

Chilichonse chomwe chimakulitsa mwayi wanu wodwala chimatchedwa chiopsezo. Kukhala ndi chiwopsezo sikutanthauza kuti udzakhala ndi khansa; kusakhala ndi zoopsa sikutanthauza kuti simudzakhala ndi khansa. Lankhulani ndi dokotala ngati mukuganiza kuti mutha kukhala pachiwopsezo. Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a khansa ya m'magazi sizidziwika. Zimachitika kawirikawiri mwa amuna achikulire.

Zizindikiro za khansa ya m'magazi imaphatikizapo matenda, kutopa, ndi kupweteka pansi pa nthiti.

Zizindikiro ndi zizindikilozi zimatha kubwera chifukwa cha khansa ya m'magazi kapena zinthu zina. Funsani dokotala ngati muli ndi izi:

• Kufooka kapena kumva kutopa.

• Malungo kapena matenda opatsirana pafupipafupi.

• Kuvulaza kosavuta kapena kutuluka magazi.

• Kupuma pang'ono.

• Kuchepetsa thupi popanda chifukwa chodziwika.

• Zowawa kapena kumverera kwodzaza pansi pa nthiti.

• Ziphuphu zopanda pake m'khosi, pansi pamimba, m'mimba, kapena kubuula.

Kuyesa komwe kumayesa magazi ndi mafupa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti apeze (kupeza) ndikuzindikira khansa ya m'magazi yaubweya. Mayeso ndi njira zotsatirazi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito:

• Kuyezetsa thupi komanso mbiri yaumoyo: Kuyesa thupi kuti muwone ngati muli ndi thanzi labwino, kuphatikiza kuwona ngati pali matenda, monga ndulu yotupa, zotupa, kapena china chilichonse chomwe chikuwoneka chachilendo. Mbiri yokhudzana ndi thanzi la wodwalayo komanso matenda am'mbuyomu komanso chithandizo chamankhwala adzachitidwanso.

• Kuwerengera kwathunthu kwa magazi (CBC): Njira yomwe magazi amatengedwa ndikuwunika zotsatirazi:

• Chiwerengero cha maselo ofiira, maselo oyera amwazi, ndi ma platelet.

• Kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin (puloteni yomwe imanyamula mpweya) m'maselo ofiira amwazi.

• Gawo la nyemba lopangidwa ndi maselo ofiira amwazi.

Kuwerengera kwathunthu kwa magazi (CBC). Magazi amatengedwa polowetsa singano mumtsempha ndikuloleza magazi kuti alowe mu chubu. Sampulo yamwazi imatumizidwa ku labotale ndipo maselo ofiira amwazi, maselo oyera amwazi, ndi ma platelet amawerengedwa. CBC imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyesa, kuzindikira, ndikuwunika zochitika zosiyanasiyana.

• Peripheral blood smear: Njira yomwe magazi amafufuzira maselo omwe amawoneka ngati "aubweya," kuchuluka ndi mitundu yama cell oyera, kuchuluka kwa ma platelets, komanso mawonekedwe am'magazi.

• Kafukufuku wamagazi: Njira yoyeserera magazi kuti ayese kuchuluka kwa zinthu zina zomwe zimatulutsidwa m'magazi ndi ziwalo ndi minyewa mthupi. Kuchuluka kwazinthu zosazolowereka (zakumwamba kapena zochepa) kungakhale chizindikiro cha matenda.

• Kulakalaka kwa mafuta m'mafupa ndi biopsy: Kuchotsa mafupa, magazi, ndi kachigawo kakang'ono ka fupa poika singano yopanda kanthu m'chiuno kapena m'chifuwa. Dokotala akuwona mafupa, magazi, ndi mafupa pansi pa microscope kuti ayang'ane zizindikiro za khansa.

Kukhumba kwamfupa ndi mafupa. Gawo laling'ono la khungu litachita dzanzi, singano ya m'mafupa imalowetsedwa m'fupa la m'chiuno la wodwalayo. Zitsanzo zamagazi, mafupa, ndi mafupa amachotsedwa kuti zikaunikidwe ndi microscope.

• Immunophenotyping: Kuyesa kwa labotale komwe kumagwiritsa ntchito ma antibodies kuti azindikire maselo a khansa kutengera mitundu ya ma antigen kapena zolembera zomwe zili pamwamba pamaselo. Kuyesaku kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthandizira kuzindikira mitundu ina ya khansa ya m'magazi.

• Flow cytometry: Kuyesa kwa labotale komwe kumayeza kuchuluka kwa maselo munzitsanzo, kuchuluka kwa maselo amoyo pachitsanzo, ndi mawonekedwe ena amamaselo, monga kukula, mawonekedwe, ndi kupezeka kwa zotupa (kapena zina) pamwamba pa khungu. Maselo ochokera pagazi la wodwalayo, m'mafupa, kapena minofu ina amadetsedwa ndi utoto wa fulorosenti, amaikidwa mumadzimadzi, kenako nkuwudutsa kamodzi mwa kuwala. Zotsatira zakuyesa zimadalira momwe maselo omwe adadetsedwa ndi utoto wa fluorescent amatengera kuwala kwa kuwala. Mayesowa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthandizira kuzindikira ndi kusamalira mitundu ina ya khansa, monga khansa ya m'magazi ndi lymphoma.

• Kusanthula kwa cytogenetic: Kuyesa kwa labotale komwe ma chromosomes am'magazi am'magazi kapena m'mafupa amawerengedwa ndikuwunika ngati pali kusintha kulikonse, monga kusweka, kusowa, kukonzedwanso, kapena ma chromosomes owonjezera. Kusintha kwa ma chromosomes ena kungakhale chizindikiro cha khansa. Kusanthula kwa cytogenetic kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthandizira kuzindikira khansa, kukonzekera chithandizo, kapena kudziwa momwe chithandizo chikuyendera.

• Kuyesedwa kwa majini a BRAF: Kuyesa kwa labotale komwe kuyesa magazi kapena minofu kumayesedwa kuti isinthe mu mtundu wa BRAF. Kusintha kwa majini a BRAF nthawi zambiri kumapezeka mwa odwala omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'magazi.

• CT scan (CAT scan): Njira yomwe imapanga zithunzi zingapo zamatupi amthupi, zojambulidwa mosiyanasiyana. Zithunzizo zimapangidwa ndi kompyuta yolumikizidwa ndi makina a x-ray. Utoto ukhoza kulowetsedwa mumtsempha kapena kumeza kuti ziwalo kapena ziwalo ziwoneke bwino. Njirayi imatchedwanso computed tomography, kompyuta tomography, kapena kompyuta axial tomography. Kuyeza kwa m'mimba kwa CT kumatha kuchitidwa kuti muwone ngati pali zotupa kapena zotupa.

Zinthu zina zimakhudza njira zamankhwala zamankhwala komanso zamankhwala (mwayi wochira).

Njira zosankhira chithandizo zimatha kutengera izi:

• Chiwerengero cha maselo obiriwira (leukemia) ndi maselo athanzi m'magazi ndi m'mafupa.

• Kaya ndulu yatupa.

• Kaya pali zizindikiro kapena zizindikiro za khansa ya m'magazi, monga matenda.

• Kaya khansa ya m'magazi yabwereranso (kubwerera) mutalandira chithandizo cham'mbuyomu.

Kulosera (mwayi wochira) zimatengera izi:

• Kaya khansa ya m'magazi yaubweya sikukula kapena kumakula pang'onopang'ono sikuyenera chithandizo.

• Kaya khansa ya m'magazi imachita chithandizo.

Chithandizo nthawi zambiri chimabweretsa chikhululukiro chosatha (nthawi yomwe zina mwazizindikiro za khansa ya m'magazi zimatha). Khansa ya m'magazi ibwerera pambuyo poti yakhululukidwa, kubwerera mmbuyo kumayambitsanso kukhululukidwa.

Magawo a khansa ya m'magazi aubweya

MFUNDO ZOFUNIKA

• Palibe njira yokhazikika yothandizira khansa ya m'magazi yaubweya.

Palibe njira yokhazikika yothandizira khansa ya m'magazi yaubweya.

Kuyika masitepe ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti mudziwe momwe khansara yafalikira. Palibe njira yokhazikika yothandizira khansa ya m'magazi yaubweya.

Mu cell leukemia yosasamalidwa, zina mwazinthu izi zimachitika:

• Maselo aubweya (leukemia) amapezeka m'magazi ndi m'mafupa.

• Chiwerengero cha ma cell ofiira ofiira, maselo oyera amwazi, kapena ma platelets akhoza kukhala ochepera kuposa mwakale.

• Ndulu ikhoza kukhala yayikulu kuposa yachibadwa.

Khansa ya m'magazi yobwezeretsanso kapena yowonongeka

Khansa ya m'magazi yomwe yabwereranso imabweranso pambuyo pochiritsidwa. Khansa yamagazi yomwe sinayende bwino sinayankhe kuchipatala.

Chithandizo Chosankha Mwachidule

MFUNDO ZOFUNIKA

• Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chithandizo cha odwala omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'magazi.

• Mitundu isanu yamankhwala amtundu uliwonse imagwiritsidwa ntchito:

• Kudikira kudikira

• Chemotherapy

• Thandizo la biologic

• Opaleshoni

• Chithandizo chofuna

• Mitundu yatsopano yamankhwala ikuyesedwa m'mayesero azachipatala.

• Chithandizo cha khansa ya m'magazi ingayambitse zovuta.

• Odwala angaganize zopita nawo kukayezetsa.

• Odwala amatha kulowa m'mayesero azachipatala asanayambe, asanayambe, kapena atayamba kulandira chithandizo cha khansa.

• Mayeso otsatirawa angafunike.

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chithandizo cha odwala omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'magazi.

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chithandizo kwa odwala omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'magazi. Mankhwala ena ndi ofanana (mankhwala omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito pano), ndipo ena akuyesedwa m'mayesero azachipatala. Kuyesedwa kwachipatala ndi kafukufuku wofufuza wothandizira kusintha chithandizo chamakono kapena kupeza zidziwitso zamankhwala atsopano kwa odwala khansa. Pamene mayesero azachipatala awonetsa kuti chithandizo chatsopano ndichabwino kuposa chithandizo chamankhwala, chithandizocho chitha kukhala chamankhwala wamba. Odwala angaganize zopita nawo kukayezetsa. Mayesero ena azachipatala ndi otseguka kwa odwala omwe sanayambe kulandira chithandizo.

Mitundu isanu yamankhwala amtundu uliwonse imagwiritsidwa ntchito:

Kudikira kudikira

Kuyembekezera mwachidwi kumayang'anitsitsa momwe wodwala aliri, osamupatsa chithandizo chilichonse mpaka zizindikilo kapena zizindikiritso zikuwoneka kapena kusintha.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy ndi mankhwala a khansa omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa kukula kwa maselo a khansa, mwina popha ma cell kapena kuwaletsa kuti asagawane. Chemotherapy ikamamwa pakamwa kapena kulowetsedwa mumtsempha kapena minofu, mankhwalawa amalowa m'magazi ndipo amatha kufikira ma cell a khansa mthupi lonse (systemic chemotherapy). Chemotherapy ikaikidwa molunjika m'matumbo a cerebrospinal, chiwalo, kapena thupi monga pamimba, mankhwalawa amakhudza kwambiri ma cell a khansa m'malo amenewo (chemotherapy am'madera). Momwe chemotherapy imaperekedwa imadalira mtundu ndi gawo la khansa yomwe ikuchitidwa. Cladribine ndi pentostatin ndi mankhwala oletsa khansa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza khansa ya m'magazi. Mankhwalawa amachulukitsa chiopsezo cha mitundu ina ya khansa, makamaka Hodgkin lymphoma komanso non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Onani Mankhwala Ovomerezeka a Khansa Ya m'magazi Kuti mumve zambiri.

Thandizo la biologic

Biologic therapy ndi chithandizo cha khansa chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito chitetezo cha mthupi cha wodwalayo kuthana ndi khansa. Zinthu zomwe thupi limapanga kapena zopangidwa mu labotale zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukulitsa, kuwongolera, kapena kubwezeretsa chitetezo chamthupi cha khansa. Chithandizo cha khansa choterechi chimatchedwanso biotherapy kapena immunotherapy. Interferon alfa ndi wothandizira biologic yemwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza khansa ya m'magazi.

Onani Mankhwala Ovomerezeka a Khansa Ya m'magazi Kuti mumve zambiri.

Opaleshoni

Splenectomy ndi njira yochitira opaleshoni yochotsa ndulu.

Chithandizo chofuna

Chithandizo choyenera ndi chithandizo chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena zinthu zina kuti zizindikire ndikuukira maselo amtundu wa khansa osavulaza maselo abwinobwino. Mankhwala a monoclonal antibody ndi mtundu wa mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza khansa ya m'magazi.

Thandizo la monoclonal antibody limagwiritsa ntchito ma antibodies opangidwa mu labotore kuchokera ku mtundu umodzi wa chitetezo chamthupi. Ma antibodies awa amatha kuzindikira zinthu zomwe zili m'maselo a khansa kapena zinthu zabwinobwino zomwe zingathandize ma cell a khansa kukula. Ma antibodies amalumikizana ndi zinthuzo ndikupha ma cell a khansa, amalepheretsa kukula kwawo, kapena amalepheretsa kufalikira. Ma antibodies a monoclonal amaperekedwa mwa kulowetsedwa. Angagwiritsidwe ntchito okha kapena kunyamula mankhwala osokoneza bongo, poizoni, kapena zinthu zowononga radio kupita kuma cell a khansa.

Mankhwala a monoclonal otchedwa rituximab atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa odwala ena omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'magazi.

Mitundu ina yamankhwala omwe akuwunikiridwa akuwerengedwa.

Mitundu yatsopano yamankhwala ikuyesedwa m'mayesero azachipatala.

Zambiri zamayeso azachipatala zimapezeka patsamba la NCI.

Chithandizo cha khansa ya m'magazi ingayambitse zovuta.

Kuti mumve zambiri zamankhwala obwera chifukwa cha khansa, onani tsamba lathu la Zotsatira Zotsatira.

Odwala angaganize zopita nawo kukayezetsa.

Kwa odwala ena, kutenga nawo mbali pakuyesa chithandizo chachipatala kungakhale njira yabwino kwambiri yothandizira. Mayesero azachipatala ndi gawo limodzi la kafukufuku wa khansa. Mayesero azachipatala amachitika kuti apeze ngati mankhwala atsopano a khansa ndi otetezeka komanso ogwira ntchito kapena abwinoko kuposa mankhwala wamba.

Njira zambiri zamankhwala zochiritsira khansa zimachokera kumayeso am'mbuyomu azachipatala. Odwala omwe amatenga nawo mbali pachipatala atha kulandira chithandizo chofananira kapena kukhala oyamba kulandira chithandizo chatsopano.

Odwala omwe amatenga nawo mbali pazoyeserera zamankhwala amathandizanso kukonza momwe khansa idzathandizire mtsogolo. Ngakhale mayesero azachipatala satsogolera kuchipatala chatsopano, nthawi zambiri amayankha mafunso ofunikira ndikuthandizira kupititsa patsogolo kafukufuku.

Odwala amatha kulowa m'mayesero azachipatala asanayambe, asanayambe, kapena atayamba kulandira chithandizo cha khansa.

Mayesero ena azachipatala amangophatikizapo odwala omwe sanalandire chithandizo. Mayesero ena amayesa chithandizo kwa odwala omwe khansa yawo sinakhale bwino. Palinso mayesero azachipatala omwe amayesa njira zatsopano zothetsera khansa kuti isabwererenso (kubwerera) kapena kuchepetsa zovuta zoyambitsidwa ndi khansa.

Mayesero azachipatala akuchitika m'malo ambiri mdziko muno. Zambiri zamayeso azachipatala othandizidwa ndi NCI zitha kupezeka patsamba lofufuza zamankhwala la NCI. Mayesero azachipatala othandizidwa ndi mabungwe ena amapezeka patsamba la ClinicalTrials.gov.

Mayeso otsatirawa angafunike.

Ena mwa mayesero omwe adachitika kuti apeze khansa kapena kuti adziwe momwe khansa iliri angabwerezedwenso. Mayesero ena adzabwerezedwa kuti awone momwe mankhwalawa akugwirira ntchito. Zisankho zakuti mupitilize, kusintha, kapena kusiya kulandira chithandizo zitha kutengera zotsatira za mayeso awa.

Kuyesaku kumangopitilira kuchitika nthawi ndi nthawi mankhwala atatha. Zotsatira zamayesowa zitha kuwonetsa ngati vuto lanu lasintha kapena ngati khansa yabwereranso (bwererani). Mayesowa nthawi zina amatchedwa kuyesa kutsata kapena kukayezetsa.

Njira Zothandizira Kuchiza Khansa ya m'magazi

Kuti mumve zambiri zamankhwala omwe atchulidwa pansipa, onani gawo la Chisankho Chachidule.

Chithandizo cha khansa ya m'magazi ingaphatikizepo izi:

• Chemotherapy.

• Thandizo la biologic.

• Splenectomy.

• Kuyesedwa kwachipatala kwa chemotherapy komanso chithandizo chamankhwala omwe ali ndi monoclonal antibody (rituximab).

Gwiritsani ntchito kusaka kwathu kwamankhwala kuti mupeze mayesero azachipatala omwe amathandizidwa ndi NCI omwe akulandira odwala. Mutha kusaka mayesero kutengera mtundu wa khansa, zaka za wodwalayo, komanso komwe mayeserowo akuchitika. Zambiri pazokhudza mayesero azachipatala zimapezekanso.

Njira Zothandizira Kuchiza Khansa ya m'magazi Yobwezeretsanso kapena Yotsitsimula

Kuti mumve zambiri zamankhwala omwe atchulidwa pansipa, onani gawo la Chisankho Chachidule.

Chithandizo cha khansa ya m'magazi yomwe yabwereranso kapena yowonongeka ingaphatikizepo izi:

• Chemotherapy.

• Thandizo la biologic.

• Chithandizo chojambulidwa ndi antioclonal antibody (rituximab).

• Chemotherapy yapamwamba kwambiri.

• Kuyesedwa kwachipatala kwa mankhwala atsopano a biologic.

• Kuyesedwa kwachipatala kwa chithandizo chamankhwala chatsopano.

• Kuyesedwa kwachipatala kwa chemotherapy komanso chithandizo chamankhwala omwe ali ndi monoclonal antibody (rituximab).

Gwiritsani ntchito kusaka kwathu kwamankhwala kuti mupeze mayesero azachipatala omwe amathandizidwa ndi NCI omwe akulandira odwala. Mutha kusaka mayesero kutengera mtundu wa khansa, zaka za wodwalayo, komanso komwe mayeserowo akuchitika. Zambiri pazokhudza mayesero azachipatala zimapezekanso.

Kuti mudziwe zambiri za khansa yamagazi

Kuti mumve zambiri kuchokera ku National Cancer Institute yokhudza khansa ya m'magazi, onani izi:

• Tsamba la Khansa ya m'magazi

• Mankhwala Ovomerezeka Kuti Agwiritse Ntchito Khansa Yam'magazi Yam'magazi

• Immunotherapy Kuchiza Khansa

• Njira Zochizira Khansa

Kuti mumve zambiri za khansa ndi zinthu zina zochokera ku National Cancer Institute, onani izi:

• Khansa

• Kusinthana

• Chemotherapy and You: Kuthandiza Anthu Omwe Ali Ndi Khansa

• Thandizo la Radiation ndi Inu: Thandizo kwa Anthu Omwe Ali ndi Khansa

• Kulimbana ndi khansa

• Mafunso oti mufunse dokotala wanu za khansa

• Kwa Opulumuka ndi Owasamalira