Mitundu / khansa ya m'magazi / wodwala / mwana-chithandizo chonse-pdq

Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Treatment (®) -Patient Version

Zambiri Pazokhudza Ubwana Wa Lymphoblastic Leukemia

MFUNDO ZOFUNIKA

• Khansa ya m'magazi ya lymphoblastic leukemia (YONSE) ndi mtundu wa khansa momwe mafupa amapangira ma lymphocyte ambiri (mtundu wamaselo oyera amwazi).

• Khansa ya m'magazi ingakhudze maselo ofiira ofiira, maselo oyera amwazi, ndi ma platelet.

• Chithandizo cham'mbuyomu cha khansa ndimatenda ena amakhudza chiopsezo chokhala ndi ubwana ZONSE.

• Zizindikiro zaubwana ZONSE zimaphatikizapo malungo ndi mabala.

• Mayeso omwe amafufuza magazi ndi mafupa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti apeze (kupeza) ndikuzindikira ubwana ZONSE.

• Zinthu zina zimakhudzanso madandaulo (mwayi wochira) ndi njira zamankhwala.

Khansa ya m'magazi ya lymphoblastic leukemia (YONSE) ndi mtundu wa khansa momwe mafupa amapangira ma lymphocyte ambiri (mtundu wamaselo oyera amwazi).

Khansa ya m'magazi yotchedwa lymphoblastic leukemia (yotchedwanso ZONSE kapena acute lymphocytic leukemia) ndi khansa yamagazi ndi mafupa. Khansa yamtunduwu imakula msanga ngati singalandire chithandizo.

Thupi la fupa. Fupa limapangidwa ndi fupa lophatikizana, fupa la siponji, ndi mafupa. Fupa lokwanira limapanga gawo lakunja la fupa. Mafupa a siponji amapezeka makamaka kumapeto kwa mafupa ndipo amakhala ndi mafuta ofiira. Mafupa a mafupa amapezeka pakatikati pa mafupa ambiri ndipo amakhala ndi mitsempha yambiri yamagazi. Pali mitundu iwiri ya mafupa: ofiira ndi achikasu. Mafupa ofiira amakhala ndimaselo amwazi omwe amatha kukhala maselo ofiira, maselo oyera amwazi, kapena ma platelet. Mafupa achikasu amapangidwa makamaka ndi mafuta.

YONSE ndiye khansa yodziwika kwambiri mwa ana.

Khansa ya m'magazi ingakhudze maselo ofiira ofiira, maselo oyera amwazi, ndi ma platelet.

Mwa mwana wathanzi, mafupa amapanga maselo am'magazi (maselo osakhwima) omwe amakhala maselo okhwima amwazi pakapita nthawi. Selo loyambira magazi limatha kukhala khungu la myeloid kapena tsinde la lymphoid.

Selo loyambira la myeloid limakhala amodzi mwamitundu itatu yamaselo okhazikika amwazi:

• Maselo ofiira ofiira omwe amanyamula mpweya ndi zinthu zina kumatumba onse amthupi.

• Mipata yomwe imapanga magazi kuundana kuti magazi asiye kutuluka.

• Maselo oyera amagazi omwe amalimbana ndi matenda komanso matenda.

Selo la tsinde la lymphoid limakhala khungu la lymphoblast kenako imodzi mwamitundu itatu yama lymphocyte (maselo oyera amwazi):

• Ma lymphocyte B omwe amapanga ma antibodies kuti athandizire kulimbana ndi matenda.

• Ma lymphocyte a T omwe amathandiza ma lymphocyte a B kupanga ma antibodies omwe amathandiza kulimbana ndi matenda.

• Maselo opha achilengedwe omwe amalimbana ndi ma khansa ndi ma virus.

Kukula kwa maselo amwazi. Selo loyambira magazi limadutsa masitepe angapo kuti likhale khungu lofiira, platelet, kapena khungu loyera.

Mwa mwana yemwe ali ndi ZONSE, maselo ambiri amadzimadzi amakhala ma lymphoblasts, ma lymphocyte, kapena ma lymphocyte a T. Maselowa samagwira ntchito ngati ma lymphocyte wamba ndipo sangathe kulimbana ndi matenda bwino. Maselowa ndi maselo a khansa (leukemia). Komanso, kuchuluka kwa maselo a leukemia kumawonjezeka m'magazi ndi m'mafupa, pamakhala malo ochepa okhala ndi magazi oyera oyera, maselo ofiira, ndi ma platelets. Izi zitha kubweretsa matenda, kuchepa magazi, komanso magazi osavuta.

Chidulechi ndi chokhudza matenda oopsa a m'magazi a ana, achinyamata, komanso achinyamata. Onani zowerengera zotsatirazi za kuti mumve zambiri za mitundu ina ya khansa ya m'magazi:

• Ubwana Wopweteka Myeloid Leukemia / Other Myeloid Malignancies Chithandizo

• Kuchiza Kwa Akuluakulu Otsitsa Khansa Ya m'magazi

• Kuchiza Kwachilendo kwa Lymphocytic Leukemia

• Chithandizo Chachikulu cha Myeloid Leukemia

• Chithandizo Chachangu cha Leukemia

• Chithandizo cha Khansa Ya m'magazi

Chithandizo cham'mbuyomu cha khansa ndimatenda ena amakhudza chiopsezo chokhala ndi ubwana ZONSE.

Chilichonse chomwe chimakulitsa chiopsezo chotenga matenda chimatchedwa chiopsezo. Kukhala ndi chiwopsezo sikutanthauza kuti udzakhala ndi khansa; kusakhala ndi zoopsa sikutanthauza kuti simudzakhala ndi khansa. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wa mwana wanu ngati mukuganiza kuti mwana wanu akhoza kukhala pachiwopsezo.

Zomwe zingakhale pachiwopsezo kwa ONSE ndi izi:

• Kuwonetsedwa ma x-ray asanabadwe.

• Kuwonetsedwa ndi radiation.

• Chithandizo cham'mbuyomu ndi chemotherapy.

• Kukhala ndi zikhalidwe zina, monga:

• Matenda a Down.

• Mtundu wa Neurofibromatosis 1.

• Matenda a Bloom.

• Kuchepa kwa magazi kwa Fanconi.

• Ataxia-telangiectasia.

• Matenda a Li-Fraumeni.

• Kulephera kwa malamulo oyendetsera mismatch (kusinthika kwa majini ena komwe kumalepheretsa DNA kudzikonza yokha, komwe kumabweretsa kukula kwa khansa adakali aang'ono).

• Kukhala ndi kusintha kwama chromosomes kapena majini.

Zizindikiro zaubwana ZONSE zimaphatikizapo malungo ndi mabala.

Zizindikiro ndi zizindikilozi zimatha kubwera chifukwa cha ubwana ZONSE kapena mikhalidwe ina. Funsani dokotala wa mwana wanu ngati mwana wanu ali ndi zotsatirazi:

• Malungo.

• Kuvulaza kosavuta kapena kutuluka magazi.

• Petechiae (wathyathyathya, wosinkhasinkha, wofiira kwambiri wofiira pansi pa khungu chifukwa cha magazi)

• Kupweteka kwa mafupa kapena mafupa.

• Ziphuphu zopanda pake m'khosi, pansi pamimba, m'mimba, kapena kubuula.

• Zowawa kapena kumva kwodzaza pansi pa nthiti.

• Kufooka, kumva kutopa, kapena kuwoneka wotuwa.

• Kutaya njala.

Mayeso omwe amafufuza magazi ndi mafupa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti apeze (kupeza) ndikuzindikira ubwana ZONSE.

Mayesero ndi njira zotsatirazi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira ubwana ZONSE ndikupeza ngati maselo a leukemia afalikira mbali zina za thupi monga ubongo kapena machende:

Kuwunika kwakuthupi ndi mbiri: Kuyesedwa kwa thupi kuti muwone zizindikiritso zaumoyo, kuphatikiza kuyang'ana ngati pali matenda, monga zotupa kapena china chilichonse chomwe chikuwoneka chachilendo. Mbiri yokhudzana ndi thanzi la wodwalayo komanso matenda am'mbuyomu komanso chithandizo chamankhwala adzachitidwanso.

Kuwerengera kwathunthu kwa magazi (CBC) mosiyanasiyana: Njira yomwe magazi amatengedwa ndikuwunika zotsatirazi:

• Chiwerengero cha maselo ofiira ndi ma platelet.

• Chiwerengero ndi mtundu wama cell oyera.

• Kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin (puloteni yomwe imanyamula mpweya) m'maselo ofiira amwazi.

• Gawo la nyemba lopangidwa ndi maselo ofiira amwazi.

Kuwerengera kwathunthu kwa magazi (CBC). Magazi amatengedwa polowetsa singano mumtsempha ndikuloleza magazi kuti alowe mu chubu. Sampulo yamwazi imatumizidwa ku labotale ndipo maselo ofiira amwazi, maselo oyera amwazi, ndi ma platelet amawerengedwa. CBC imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyesa, kuzindikira, ndikuwunika zochitika zosiyanasiyana.

• Kafukufuku wamagazi: Njira yoyeserera magazi kuti ayese kuchuluka kwa zinthu zina zomwe zimatulutsidwa m'magazi ndi ziwalo ndi minyewa mthupi. Kuchuluka kwazinthu zosazolowereka (zakumwamba kapena zochepa) kungakhale chizindikiro cha matenda.

• Kulakalaka kwa mafupa ndi biopsy: Kuchotsa mafupa ndi kachigawo kakang'ono ka fupa poika singano yopanda kanthu m'chiuno kapena m'chifuwa. Dokotala akuwona mafupa ndi mafupa pansi pa microscope kuti ayang'ane zizindikiro za khansa.

Kukhumba kwamfupa ndi mafupa. Gawo laling'ono la khungu litachita dzanzi, singano ya m'mafupa imalowetsedwa m'fupa la mwana m'chiuno. Zitsanzo zamagazi, mafupa, ndi mafupa amachotsedwa kuti zikaunikidwe ndi microscope.

Mayesero otsatirawa amachitika pamagazi kapena minofu ya m'mafupa yomwe imachotsedwa:

• Kusanthula kwa cytogenetic: Kuyesa kwa labotale komwe ma chromosomes am'magazi am'magazi kapena m'mafupa amawerengedwa ndikuwunika ngati pali kusintha kulikonse, monga kusweka, kusowa, kukonzedwanso, kapena ma chromosomes owonjezera. Kusintha kwa ma chromosomes ena kungakhale chizindikiro cha khansa. Mwachitsanzo, ku Philadelphia chromosome-positive YONSE, gawo limodzi la chromosome limasintha malo ndi gawo lina la chromosome ina. Izi zimatchedwa "chromosome ya ku Philadelphia." Kusanthula kwa cytogenetic kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthandizira kuzindikira khansa, kukonzekera chithandizo, kapena kudziwa momwe chithandizo chikuyendera.

Chromosome ya ku Philadelphia. Chidutswa cha chromosome 9 ndi chidutswa cha chromosome 22 chimachoka ndikugulitsa malo. Gulu la BCR-ABL limapangidwa pa chromosome 22 pomwe chidutswa cha chromosome 9 chimamangirira. Chromosome yosinthidwa 22 imatchedwa chromosome ya Philadelphia.

• Immunophenotyping: Kuyesa kwa labotale komwe kumagwiritsa ntchito ma antibodies kuti azindikire maselo a khansa kutengera mitundu ya ma antigen kapena zolembera zomwe zili pamwamba pamaselo. Kuyesaku kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthandizira kuzindikira mitundu ina ya khansa ya m'magazi. Mwachitsanzo, maselo a khansa amafufuzidwa kuti awone ngati ali ma lymphocyte kapena ma T lymphocyte.

• Lumbar puncture: Njira yogwiritsira ntchito nyemba ya cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) kuchokera kumtunda wa msana. Izi zimachitika poika singano pakati pa mafupa awiri mumsana ndi CSF mozungulira msana ndikuchotsa madzi. Chitsanzo cha CSF chimayang'aniridwa ndi microscope ngati pali zizindikiro zakuti maselo a leukemia afalikira kuubongo ndi msana. Njirayi imatchedwanso LP kapena tapu ya msana.

Lumbar kuboola. Wodwala amagona pamalo okuta patebulo. Dera laling'ono kumunsi kumapeto kwake, dzenje la msana (singano yayitali, yopyapyala) imalowetsedwa m'munsi mwa msana kuti muchotse madzi amadzimadzi (CSF, omwe akuwonetsedwa ndi buluu). Timadzimadzi timatumizidwa ku labotale kukayezetsa.

Njirayi imachitika pambuyo poti khansa ya m'magazi yapezeka kuti ipeze ngati maselo a leukemia afalikira kuubongo ndi msana. Intrathecal chemotherapy imaperekedwa pambuyo poti mankhwala amadzimadzi achotsedwa kuti athetse ma cell a leukemia omwe atha kufalikira kuubongo ndi msana.

• X-ray pachifuwa : X-ray ya ziwalo ndi mafupa mkati mwa chifuwa. X-ray ndi mtundu wa mphamvu yamphamvu yomwe imatha kupyola thupi ndikupita mufilimu, ndikupanga chithunzi cha madera omwe ali mthupi. X-ray pachifuwa imachitika kuti awone ngati maselo a leukemia apanga misa pakati pachifuwa.

Zinthu zina zimakhudzanso madandaulo (mwayi wochira) ndi njira zamankhwala.

Kulosera (mwayi wochira) kumadalira:

• Kuchuluka kwama cell a leukemia kumatsika mwachangu komanso mwezi woyamba atalandira chithandizo.

• Zaka pa nthawi yodziwitsa, kugonana, mtundu, komanso mtundu.

• Chiwerengero cha maselo oyera m'magazi panthawi yakuzindikira.

• Kaya maselo a khansa ya m'magazi adayamba kuchokera ku ma lymphocyte a B kapena ma T lymphocyte.

• Kaya pali kusintha kwina kwama chromosomes kapena majini a ma lymphocyte omwe ali ndi khansa.

• Kaya mwanayo ali ndi matenda a Down syndrome.

• Kaya maselo a khansa ya m'magazi amapezeka mumadzimadzi a cerebrospinal.

• Kulemera kwa mwana pa nthawi ya matenda ndi pa mankhwala.

Njira zochiritsira zimadalira:

• Kaya maselo a khansa ya m'magazi adayamba kuchokera ku ma lymphocyte a B kapena ma T lymphocyte.

• Kaya mwanayo ali pachiwopsezo, chowopsa, kapena chowopsa kwambiri ZONSE.

• Zaka za mwana panthawi yodziwitsa.

• Kaya pali kusintha kwina kwama chromosomes a ma lymphocyte, monga chromosome ya Philadelphia.

• Kaya mwanayo adalandira mankhwala a steroids asanayambe kulandira mankhwala.

• Kuchuluka kwama cell a leukemia kumatsika mwachangu komanso mwachangu.

Kwa leukemia yomwe imabwereranso (imabwereranso) mutalandira chithandizo, kuyerekezera ndi njira zamankhwala zimadalira izi:

• Ndi nthawi yayitali bwanji pakati pa nthawi yodziwitsidwa ndi khansa ya m'magazi ibwerera.

• Kaya khansa ya m'magazi ibwereranso m'mafupa kapena mbali zina za thupi.

Magulu Oopsa Omwe Amakhala Ndi Khansa Ya m'magazi Ya Achinyamata

MFUNDO ZOFUNIKA

• Muubwana ZONSE, magulu oopsa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonzekera chithandizo.

• Kubwereranso kuubwana ZONSE ndi khansa yomwe yabwereranso itachiritsidwa.

Muubwana ZONSE, magulu oopsa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonzekera chithandizo.

Pali magulu atatu pachiwopsezo ali mwana ZONSE. Amanenedwa kuti:

• Zowopsa (zochepa): Zimaphatikizira ana azaka zapakati pa 1 mpaka ochepera zaka 10 omwe ali ndi magazi oyera osakwana 50,000 / µL panthawi yodziwitsa.

• Chiwopsezo chachikulu: Amaphatikizapo ana azaka 10 kapena kupitilira apo komanso / kapena ana omwe ali ndi magazi oyera a 50,000 / µL kapena kupitilira apo panthawi yodziwitsa.

• Chiwopsezo chachikulu: Amaphatikizapo ana ochepera zaka 1, ana omwe amasintha majini, ana omwe samachedwa kulandira chithandizo, komanso ana omwe ali ndi zizindikilo za khansa ya m'magazi pakatha milungu inayi yoyambira.

Zina zomwe zimakhudza gulu lomwe lili pachiwopsezo ndi izi:

• Kaya maselo a khansa ya m'magazi adayamba kuchokera ku ma lymphocyte a B kapena ma T lymphocyte.

• Kaya pali kusintha kwina kwama chromosomes kapena majini a ma lymphocyte.

• Kuchuluka kwama cell a leukemia kumatsika mwachangu komanso mwachangu atalandira chithandizo choyambirira.

• Kaya maselo a leukemia amapezeka mumadzimadzi a cerebrospinal panthawi yodziwitsa.

Ndikofunikira kudziwa gulu lomwe lili pachiwopsezo kuti mukonzekere chithandizo. Ana omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu kapena ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu ONSE nthawi zambiri amalandira mankhwala owonjezera khansa komanso / kapena kuchuluka kwa mankhwala oletsa khansa kuposa ana omwe ali pachiwopsezo chonse.

Kubwereranso kuubwana ZONSE ndi khansa yomwe yabwereranso itachiritsidwa.

Khansa ya m'magazi imatha kubwerera m'magazi ndi m'mafupa, ubongo, msana, machende, kapena ziwalo zina za thupi.

Chosokoneza ubwana ZONSE ndi khansa yomwe siyankha mankhwala.

Chithandizo Chosankha Mwachidule

MFUNDO ZOFUNIKA

• Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chithandizo cha khansa ya m'magazi (ALL).

• Ana omwe ali ndi ONSE ayenera kuti adakonzedweratu ndi gulu la madokotala omwe ndi akatswiri othandiza khansa ya m'magazi ya ana.

• Chithandizo cha ana pachimake lymphoblastic khansa ya m'magazi chingayambitse mavuto.

• Chithandizo cha ubwana ZONSE nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi magawo atatu.

• Mitundu inayi yamankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito amagwiritsidwa ntchito:

• Chemotherapy

• Thandizo la radiation

• Chemotherapy yokhala ndi tsinde

• Chithandizo chofuna

• Chithandizo chimaperekedwa kupha maselo a leukemia omwe afalikira kapena atha kufalikira kuubongo, msana, kapena machende.

• Mitundu yatsopano yamankhwala ikuyesedwa m'mayesero azachipatala.

• Chithandizo cha T-cell cha Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)

• Odwala angaganize zopita nawo kukayezetsa.

• Odwala amatha kulowa m'mayesero azachipatala asanayambe, asanayambe, kapena atayamba kulandira chithandizo cha khansa.

• Mayeso otsatirawa angafunike.

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chithandizo cha khansa ya m'magazi (ALL).

Mankhwala osiyanasiyana amapezeka kwa ana omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'magazi (ALL). Mankhwala ena ndi ofanana (mankhwala omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito pano), ndipo ena akuyesedwa m'mayesero azachipatala. Kuyesedwa kwachipatala ndi kafukufuku wofufuza wothandizira kusintha chithandizo chamakono kapena kupeza zidziwitso zamankhwala atsopano kwa odwala khansa. Pamene mayesero azachipatala awonetsa kuti chithandizo chatsopano ndichabwino kuposa chithandizo chamankhwala, chithandizocho chitha kukhala chamankhwala wamba.

Chifukwa khansa mwa ana ndiyosowa, kutenga nawo mbali pakuyesa kwachipatala kuyenera kuganiziridwa. Mayesero ena azachipatala ndi otseguka kwa odwala omwe sanayambe kulandira chithandizo.

Ana omwe ali ndi ONSE ayenera kuti adakonzedweratu ndi gulu la madokotala omwe ndi akatswiri othandiza khansa ya m'magazi ya ana. Chithandizo chidzayang'aniridwa ndi oncologist wa ana, dokotala yemwe amadziwika bwino pochiza ana omwe ali ndi khansa. Katswiri wa oncologist wa ana amagwira ntchito ndi akatswiri ena azaumoyo a ana omwe ndi akatswiri pochiza ana omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'magazi komanso omwe amadziwika bwino pamankhwala ena. Izi zingaphatikizepo akatswiri awa:

• Dokotala wa ana.

• Katswiri wa zachipatala.

• Katswiri wazachipatala.

• Dokotala wa ana.

• Wofufuza oncologist.

• Katswiri wa zamagulu.

• Wodwala.

• Katswiri wa zamagetsi.

• Katswiri wa namwino wa ana.

• Wogwira ntchito.

• Katswiri wokonzanso.

• Katswiri wa zamaganizo.

• Katswiri wa moyo wa ana.

Chithandizo cha ana pachimake lymphoblastic khansa ya m'magazi chingayambitse mavuto.

Kuti mumve zambiri zamankhwala oyambilira omwe amayamba mukalandira chithandizo cha khansa, onani tsamba lathu la Zotsatira Zotsatira.

Mayeso omwe akutsatiridwa pafupipafupi ndiofunikira kwambiri. Zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwala a khansa omwe amayamba atalandira chithandizo ndikupitilira kwa miyezi kapena zaka amatchedwa zotsatira zakuchedwa.

Zotsatira zakumapeto kwa chithandizo cha khansa zitha kuphatikizira izi:

• Mavuto athupi, kuphatikiza mavuto amtima, mitsempha, chiwindi, kapena mafupa, komanso chonde. Dexrazoxane akapatsidwa mankhwala a chemotherapy otchedwa anthracyclines, chiopsezo chotsatira mochedwa mtima chimachepa.

• Kusintha kwa malingaliro, malingaliro, kuganiza, kuphunzira, kapena kukumbukira. Ana ochepera zaka 4 omwe alandila chithandizo chama radiation kuubongo ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha zotsatirazi.

• Khansa yachiwiri (mitundu yatsopano ya khansa) kapena zovuta zina, monga zotupa zamaubongo, khansa ya chithokomiro, pachimake myeloid leukemia, ndi myelodysplastic syndrome.

Zotsatira zina mochedwa zimatha kuthandizidwa kapena kuwongoleredwa. Ndikofunika kulankhula ndi madokotala a mwana wanu za zomwe zingachitike mochedwa chifukwa cha mankhwala ena. Onani chidule cha pa Zotsatira Zotsiriza za Chithandizo cha Khansa ya Ana.

Chithandizo cha ubwana ZONSE nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi magawo atatu.

Chithandizo cha ubwana ZONSE zimachitika mgulu:

• Kuchepetsa kukhululukidwa: Ili ndiye gawo loyamba la chithandizo. Cholinga ndikupha ma cell a leukemia m'magazi ndi m'mafupa. Izi zimayika khansa ya m'magazi kuti ikhululukidwe.

• Kuphatikiza / kukulitsa: Ili ndiye gawo lachiwiri la chithandizo. Imayamba kamodzi khansa ya m'magazi itakhululukidwa. Cholinga chophatikiza / kukulitsa chithandizo ndikupha maselo aliwonse a leukemia omwe atsala mthupi ndipo atha kuyambiranso.

• Kusamalira: Iyi ndi gawo lachitatu la chithandizo. Cholinga ndikuti aphe maselo amtundu wa leukemia omwe atsala pang'ono kubwerera ndikuyambiranso. Nthawi zambiri chithandizo cha khansa chimaperekedwa m'munsi pang'ono kuposa chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito munthawi ya kuchotseredwa ndikuphatikiza / kukulitsa. Kusamwa mankhwala monga adalamulira dokotala panthawi yamankhwala oyang'anira kumawonjezera mwayi kuti khansa ibwererenso. Izi zimatchedwanso kupitiriza chithandizo gawo.

Mitundu inayi yamankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito amagwiritsidwa ntchito:

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy ndi mankhwala a khansa omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa kukula kwa maselo a khansa, mwina popha ma cell kapena kuwaletsa kuti asagawane. Chemotherapy ikamamwa pakamwa kapena kulowetsedwa mumtsempha kapena minofu, mankhwalawa amalowa m'magazi ndipo amatha kufikira ma cell a khansa mthupi lonse (systemic chemotherapy). Chemotherapy ikaikidwa molunjika mu cerebrospinal fluid (intrathecal), chiwalo, kapena thupi monga pamimba, mankhwalawa amakhudza kwambiri ma cell a khansa m'malo amenewo (chemotherapy am'madera). Kuphatikiza kwa chemotherapy ndi chithandizo chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opatsirana ambiri opatsirana khansa.

Momwe chemotherapy imaperekedwa imadalira gulu lomwe lili pachiwopsezo. Ana omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu ONSE amalandira mankhwala owonjezera a khansa komanso kuchuluka kwa mankhwala oletsa khansa kuposa ana omwe ali pachiwopsezo chonse. Intrathecal chemotherapy itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza ubwana ZONSE zomwe zafalikira, kapena kufalikira, kuubongo ndi msana.

Onani Mankhwala Ovomerezeka a Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia kuti mumve zambiri.

Thandizo la radiation

Thandizo la radiation ndi chithandizo cha khansa chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito ma x-ray amphamvu kapena mitundu ina ya radiation kuti iphe ma cell a khansa kapena kuti asakule. Pali mitundu iwiri ya mankhwala a radiation:

• Mankhwala ochiritsira akunja amagwiritsa ntchito makina kunja kwa thupi kuti atumize cheza chaku khansa.

• Njira yothandizira poizoniyu yamkati imagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a radioactive otsekedwa ndi singano, njere, mawaya, kapena ma catheters omwe amayikidwa mwachindunji kapena pafupi ndi khansa.

Momwe mankhwala a radiation amaperekedwera zimadalira mtundu wa khansa yomwe ikuthandizidwa. Thandizo la radiation lakunja lingagwiritsidwe ntchito pochizira ubwana ZONSE zomwe zafalikira, kapena zomwe zingafalikire, kuubongo, msana, kapena machende. Itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kukonzekera mafupa kuti apange khungu la tsinde.

Chemotherapy yokhala ndi tsinde

Chemotherapy ndipo nthawi zina kutentha thupi kwathunthu kumaperekedwa kuti kuphe maselo a khansa. Maselo athanzi, kuphatikiza maselo opanga magazi, nawonso amawonongedwa ndi chithandizo cha khansa. Kuika timitengo tating'onoting'ono ndi chithandizo m'malo mwa maselo omwe amapanga magazi. Maselo otchedwa stem cells (maselo a magazi osakhwima) amachotsedwa m'magazi kapena m'mafupa a wodwalayo kapena woperekayo ndipo amaundana ndi kusungidwa. Wodwalayo akamaliza chemotherapy ndi radiation, ma cell omwe amasungidwa amasungunuka ndikubwezeretsedwanso mwa kulowetsedwa. Maselo amtundu wobwezeretsansowa amakula (ndikubwezeretsanso) maselo amthupi.

Kuika ma cell a stem sikugwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri ngati chithandizo choyambirira kwa ana ndi achinyamata omwe ali ndi ZONSE. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri ngati gawo la chithandizo kwa ONSE omwe amabwereranso (amabwerera pambuyo pa chithandizo).

Onani Mankhwala Ovomerezeka a Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia kuti mumve zambiri.

Kupanga khungu la tsinde. (Gawo 1): Magazi amatengedwa mumtambo wa woperekayo. Magazi amayenda kudzera pamakina omwe amachotsa maselowo. Kenako magaziwo amabwezera woperekayo kudzera mumitsempha ya mkono wina. (Gawo 2): Wodwalayo amalandila chemotherapy kuti aphe maselo omwe amapanga magazi. Wodwala atha kulandira chithandizo cha radiation (chosawonetsedwa). (Gawo 3): Wodwalayo amalandila maselo am'magazi kudzera mu catheter yoyikidwa mumtsuko wamagazi pachifuwa.

Chithandizo chofuna

Chithandizo choyenera ndi chithandizo chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena zinthu zina kuti zizindikire ndikuukira maselo amtundu wa khansa osavulaza maselo abwinobwino. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala omwe akulimbana nawo:

• Ma Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) ndi mankhwala opatsirana omwe amaletsa enzyme, tyrosine kinase, yomwe imapangitsa kuti maselo am'magazi azikhala ma cell oyera oyera kapena kuphulika kuposa momwe thupi limafunira. Imatinib mesylate ndi TKI yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza ana omwe ali ndi chromosome-positive YONSE ya Philadelphia. Dasatinib ndi ruxolitinib ndi ma TKI omwe akuwerengedwa pochiza omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu ONSE.

• Thandizo la monoclonal antibody ndi khansa yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito ma antibodies opangidwa mu labotore, kuchokera ku mtundu umodzi wamatenda amthupi. Ma antibodies awa amatha kuzindikira zinthu zomwe zili m'maselo a khansa kapena zinthu zabwinobwino zomwe zingathandize ma cell a khansa kukula. Ma antibodies amalumikizana ndi zinthuzo ndikupha ma cell a khansa, amalepheretsa kukula kwawo, kapena amalepheretsa kufalikira. Ma antibodies a monoclonal amaperekedwa mwa kulowetsedwa. Angagwiritsidwe ntchito okha kapena kunyamula mankhwala osokoneza bongo, poizoni, kapena zinthu zowononga radio kupita kuma cell a khansa. Blinatumomab ndi inotuzumab ndi ma anti-monoclonal antibodies omwe amaphunziridwa pochiza ubwana wotsutsa ZONSE.

• Proteasome inhibitor therapy ndi mtundu wa mankhwala omwe amalimbana ndi ma proteasomes m'maselo a khansa. Proteasomes amachotsa mapuloteni omwe safunikiranso ndi selo. Ma proteasomes akatsekedwa, mapulotiniwo amakhala m'maselo ndipo amatha kupangitsa kuti khungu la khansa lifa. Bortezomib ndi mtundu wa mankhwala a proteasome inhibitor omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza ubwana wobwezeretsanso ZONSE.

Mitundu yatsopano yamankhwala omwe akuwunikira akuwerengedwanso pochiza ubwana ZONSE.

Onani Mankhwala Ovomerezeka a Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia kuti mumve zambiri.

Chithandizo chimaperekedwa kupha maselo a leukemia omwe afalikira kapena atha kufalikira kuubongo, msana, kapena machende.

Chithandizo chakupha ma cell a leukemia kapena kupewa kufalikira kwa maselo a leukemia kuubongo ndi msana (dongosolo lamanjenje; CNS) limatchedwa chithandizo chotsogozedwa ndi CNS. Chemotherapy itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza ma cell a leukemia omwe afalikira, kapena atha kufalikira, kuubongo ndi msana. Chifukwa kuchuluka kwa mankhwala a chemotherapy mwina sikungafikire maselo a leukemia mu CNS, maselowa amatha kubisala mu CNS. Systemic chemotherapy yomwe imaperekedwa muyezo waukulu kapena intrathecal chemotherapy (mu cerebrospinal fluid) imatha kufikira ma cell a leukemia mu CNS. Nthawi zina amaperekanso chithandizo chama radiation chakubongo.

Matenda a chemotherapy. Mankhwala a anticancer amalowetsedwa mu intrathecal space, omwe ndi malo omwe amakhala ndi cerebrospinal fluid (CSF, yowonetsedwa ndi buluu). Pali njira ziwiri zochitira izi. Njira imodzi, yomwe ikuwonetsedwa kumtunda kwa chiwerengerocho, ndi kuyika mankhwalawo mu dziwe la Ommaya (chidebe chowoneka ngati dome chomwe chimayikidwa pansi pamutu pochita opareshoni; imagwira mankhwalawo akamadutsa chubu kakang'ono kupita muubongo ). Njira ina, yomwe ikuwonetsedwa kumapeto kwa chiwerengerocho, ndikulowetsa mankhwalawo mu CSF mmunsi mwa msana, pambuyo poti dera laling'ono kumunsi kwanjenjemera.

Mankhwalawa amaperekedwa kuphatikiza pa mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupha ma cell a leukemia mthupi lonse. Ana onse omwe ali ndi ONSE amalandila chithandizo chothandizidwa ndi CNS ngati gawo la mankhwala othandizira kuphatikizira / kuphatikiza / kulimbitsa komanso nthawi zina panthawi yothandizira.

Ngati maselo a leukemia amafalikira kumachende, chithandizo chimaphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa mankhwala a systemic komanso nthawi zina mankhwala a radiation.

Mitundu yatsopano yamankhwala ikuyesedwa m'mayesero azachipatala.

Gawo lachiduleli likufotokoza zamankhwala omwe akuwerengedwa m'mayesero azachipatala. Sizingatchule chithandizo chilichonse chatsopano chomwe akuphunzira. Zambiri zamayeso azachipatala zimapezeka patsamba la NCI.

Chithandizo cha T-cell cha Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)

Mankhwala a CAR T-cell ndi mtundu wa immunotherapy womwe umasintha ma T cell (mtundu wama chitetezo amthupi) kuti athe kuwononga mapuloteni ena omwe ali pamwamba pa maselo a khansa. Maselo a T amachotsedwa kwa wodwalayo ndipo ma receptors ena apadera amawonjezedwa pamwamba pa labotore. Maselo osinthidwa amatchedwa chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T maselo. Maselo a CAR T amakula mu labotore ndipo amapatsidwa kwa wodwalayo pomulowetsa. Maselo a CAR T amachulukana m'magazi a wodwalayo ndikuukira ma cell a khansa. Chithandizo cha CAR T-cell chikuwerengedwa pochizira ubwana ZONSE zomwe zabwereranso (kubwerera) kachiwiri.

Chithandizo cha CAR T-cell. Mtundu wa chithandizo momwe ma T cell a wodwala (mtundu wa chitetezo chamthupi) amasinthidwa mu labotore kotero amamangiriridwa ndi ma cell a khansa ndikuwapha. Magazi ochokera mumthambo wadzanja la wodwalayo amayenda kudzera mu chubu kupita kumakina a apheresis (osawonetsedwa), omwe amachotsa maselo oyera, kuphatikiza ma T, ndikutumiza magazi otsalawo kwa wodwalayo. Kenako, jini la cholandirira chapadera lotchedwa chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) imalowetsedwa m'maselo a T mu labotale. Maselo a CAR T mamiliyoni amakula mu labotore ndipo amapatsidwa kwa wodwalayo pomulowetsa. Maselo a CAR T amatha kumangiriza antigen pamaselo a khansa ndikuwapha.

Odwala angaganize zopita nawo kukayezetsa.

Kwa odwala ena, kutenga nawo mbali pakuyesa chithandizo chachipatala kungakhale njira yabwino kwambiri yothandizira. Mayesero azachipatala ndi gawo limodzi la kafukufuku wa khansa. Mayesero azachipatala amachitika kuti apeze ngati mankhwala atsopano a khansa ndi otetezeka komanso ogwira ntchito kapena abwinoko kuposa mankhwala wamba.

Njira zambiri zamankhwala zochiritsira khansa zimachokera kumayeso am'mbuyomu azachipatala. Odwala omwe amatenga nawo mbali pachipatala atha kulandira chithandizo chofananira kapena kukhala oyamba kulandira chithandizo chatsopano.

Odwala omwe amatenga nawo mbali pazoyeserera zamankhwala amathandizanso kukonza momwe khansa idzathandizire mtsogolo. Ngakhale mayesero azachipatala satsogolera kuchipatala chatsopano, nthawi zambiri amayankha mafunso ofunikira ndikuthandizira kupititsa patsogolo kafukufuku.

Odwala amatha kulowa m'mayesero azachipatala asanayambe, asanayambe, kapena atayamba kulandira chithandizo cha khansa.

Mayesero ena azachipatala amangophatikizapo odwala omwe sanalandire chithandizo. Mayesero ena amayesa chithandizo kwa odwala omwe khansa yawo sinakhale bwino. Palinso mayesero azachipatala omwe amayesa njira zatsopano zothetsera khansa kuti isabwererenso (kubwerera) kapena kuchepetsa zovuta zoyambitsidwa ndi khansa.

Mayesero azachipatala akuchitika m'malo ambiri mdziko muno. Zambiri zamayeso azachipatala othandizidwa ndi NCI zitha kupezeka patsamba lofufuza zamankhwala la NCI. Mayesero azachipatala othandizidwa ndi mabungwe ena amapezeka patsamba la ClinicalTrials.gov.

Mayeso otsatirawa angafunike.

Ena mwa mayesero omwe adachitika kuti apeze khansa kapena kuti adziwe momwe khansa iliri angabwerezedwenso. Mayesero ena adzabwerezedwa kuti awone momwe mankhwalawa akugwirira ntchito. Zisankho zakuti mupitilize, kusintha, kapena kusiya kulandira chithandizo zitha kutengera zotsatira za mayeso awa.

Kuyesaku kumangopitilira kuchitika nthawi ndi nthawi mankhwala atatha. Zotsatira zamayesowa zitha kuwonetsa ngati matenda a mwana wanu asintha kapena ngati khansa yabwereranso (kubwerera). Mayesowa nthawi zina amatchedwa kuyesa kutsata kapena kukayezetsa.

Kulakalaka kwa mafupa a mafupa ndi biopsy kumachitika nthawi zonse zamankhwala kuti muwone momwe mankhwalawa akugwirira ntchito.

Njira Zothandizira Kuchiza Khansa Yaikulu ya Lymphoblastic Leukemia

M'chigawo chino

• Achinyamata Omwe Akuzindikiridwa Kuti Ali ndi Khansa ya m'magazi (Zowopsa)

• Achinyamata Omwe Akuzindikiridwa Kuti Ali Achichepere a Lymphoblastic Leukemia (Oopsa)

• Achinyamata Omwe Akuzindikiridwa Kuti Ali ndi Khansa ya m'magazi (Kuopsa Kwambiri)

• Ana Omwe Akupezeka Posachedwa Pachimake cha Lymphoblastic Leukemia (Magulu Apadera)

• T-cell ubwana pachimake lymphoblastic khansa ya m'magazi

• Makanda omwe ali ndi ZONSE

• Ana azaka 10 kapena kupitirira komanso achinyamata omwe ali ndi ONSE

• Chromosome yaku Philadelphia YONSE

• Refractory Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

• Kubwereranso Kwachinyamata Khansa ya m'magazi ya Lymphoblastic

Kuti mumve zambiri zamankhwala omwe atchulidwa pansipa, onani gawo la Chisankho Chachidule.

Achinyamata Omwe Akuzindikiridwa Kuti Ali ndi Khansa ya m'magazi (Zowopsa)

Kuchiza kwa ana omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha khansa ya m'magazi (ALL) panthawi yokhululukidwa, kuphatikiza / kukulitsa, ndi magawo osamalira nthawi zonse amaphatikizapo chemotherapy. Ana akakhala kuti akhululukidwa pambuyo poti akhululukidwa, kutengeka kwama cell pogwiritsa ntchito maselo am'maso kuchokera kwa woperekayo kutha kuchitidwa. Ana akakhala kuti sakhululukidwa pambuyo poti akhululukidwa, chithandizo chamankhwala chimakhala chimodzimodzi chithandizo chomwe chimaperekedwa kwa ana omwe ali pachiwopsezo chonse.

Intrathecal chemotherapy imaperekedwa kuti iteteze kufalikira kwa maselo a leukemia kuubongo ndi msana.

Chithandizo chomwe chikuwerengedwa m'mayesero azachipatala kwa omwe ali pachiwopsezo CHONSE chimaphatikizapo mitundu yatsopano ya chemotherapy.

Gwiritsani ntchito kusaka kwathu kwamankhwala kuti mupeze mayesero azachipatala omwe amathandizidwa ndi NCI omwe akulandira odwala. Mutha kusaka mayesero kutengera mtundu wa khansa, zaka za wodwalayo, komanso komwe mayeserowo akuchitika. Zambiri pazokhudza mayesero azachipatala zimapezekanso.

Achinyamata Omwe Akuzindikiridwa Kuti Ali Achichepere a Lymphoblastic Leukemia (Oopsa)

Chithandizo cha ana omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha lemphoblastic leukemia (ZONSE) panthawi yokhululukidwa, kuphatikiza / kukulitsa, ndi magawo osamalira nthawi zonse amakhala ndi chemotherapy. Ana omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu Gulu LONSE limapatsidwa mankhwala oletsa khansa komanso kuchuluka kwa mankhwala oletsa khansa, makamaka panthawi yolimbitsa / kulimbitsa, kuposa ana omwe ali mgulu lowopsa.

Intrathecal and systemic chemotherapy imaperekedwa kuti iteteze kapena kuthandizira kufalikira kwa maselo a leukemia kuubongo ndi msana. Nthawi zina chithandizo cha radiation ku ubongo chimaperekedwanso.

Chithandizo chomwe chikuwerengedwa m'mayeso azachipatala omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu ZONSE zimaphatikizapo mitundu yatsopano yamankhwala a chemotherapy omwe alibe kapena omwe akufuna chithandizo kapena kupatsira ma cell.

Gwiritsani ntchito kusaka kwathu kwamankhwala kuti mupeze mayesero azachipatala omwe amathandizidwa ndi NCI omwe akulandira odwala. Mutha kusaka mayesero kutengera mtundu wa khansa, zaka za wodwalayo, komanso komwe mayeserowo akuchitika. Zambiri pazokhudza mayesero azachipatala zimapezekanso.

Achinyamata Omwe Akuzindikiridwa Kuti Ali ndi Khansa ya m'magazi (Kuopsa Kwambiri)

Chithandizo cha ana omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha lemphoblastic leukemia (ZONSE) panthawi yokhululukidwa, kuphatikiza / kukulitsa, ndi magawo osamalira nthawi zonse amakhala ndi chemotherapy. Ana omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu Gulu LONSE limapatsidwa mankhwala oletsa khansa kuposa ana omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu. Sizikudziwika ngati kuponyera khungu kwa tsinde panthawi yoyamba kukhululukidwa kumathandizira kuti mwanayo akhale ndi moyo wautali.

Intrathecal and systemic chemotherapy imaperekedwa kuti iteteze kapena kuthandizira kufalikira kwa maselo a leukemia kuubongo ndi msana. Nthawi zina chithandizo cha radiation ku ubongo chimaperekedwanso.

Chithandizo chomwe chikuwerengedwa m'mayesero azachipatala kwa omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu ZONSE zimaphatikizapo mitundu yatsopano yamankhwala a chemotherapy omwe ali ndi kapena popanda chithandizo chamankhwala.

Gwiritsani ntchito kusaka kwathu kwamankhwala kuti mupeze mayesero azachipatala omwe amathandizidwa ndi NCI omwe akulandira odwala. Mutha kusaka mayesero kutengera mtundu wa khansa, zaka za wodwalayo, komanso komwe mayeserowo akuchitika. Zambiri pazokhudza mayesero azachipatala zimapezekanso.

Ana Omwe Akupezeka Posachedwa Pachimake cha Lymphoblastic Leukemia (Magulu Apadera)

T-cell ubwana pachimake lymphoblastic khansa ya m'magazi

Chithandizo cha T-cell childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ZONSE) panthawi yokhululukidwa, kuphatikiza / kukulitsa, ndi magawo osamalira nthawi zonse amakhala ndi chemotherapy. Ana omwe ali ndi T-cell ONSE amapatsidwa mankhwala oletsa khansa komanso kuchuluka kwa mankhwala opatsirana khansa kuposa ana omwe ali mgululi lomwe langopezeka kumene.

Matenda a intrathecal ndi systemic amaperekedwa kuti athetse kufalikira kwa maselo a leukemia muubongo ndi msana. Nthawi zina chithandizo cha radiation ku ubongo chimaperekedwanso.

Chithandizo chomwe chikuwerengedwa m'mayesero azachipatala a T-cell ZONSE chimaphatikizapo othandizira ma anticancer ndi ma chemotherapy regimens omwe alibe kapena omwe akufuna.

Makanda omwe ali ndi ZONSE

Chithandizo cha makanda omwe ali ndi ZONSE panthawi yakukhululukidwa, kuphatikiza / kukulitsa, ndi magawo osamalira nthawi zonse amaphatikizapo chemotherapy. Makanda omwe ali ndi ONSE amapatsidwa mankhwala osiyanasiyana opatsirana khansa komanso kuchuluka kwa mankhwala opatsirana khansa kuposa ana azaka chimodzi kapena kupitilira apo pagulu loopsa. Sizikudziwika ngati kuponyera khungu kwa tsinde panthawi yoyamba kukhululukidwa kumathandizira kuti mwanayo akhale ndi moyo wautali.

Matenda a intrathecal ndi systemic amaperekedwa kuti athetse kufalikira kwa maselo a leukemia muubongo ndi msana.

Chithandizo chomwe chikuwerengedwa m'mayesero azachipatala kwa makanda omwe ali ndi ZONSE chimaphatikizapo chemotherapy kwa makanda omwe asintha mtundu wina.

Ana azaka 10 kapena kupitirira komanso achinyamata omwe ali ndi ONSE

Chithandizo cha ONSE mwa ana ndi achinyamata (zaka 10 kapena kupitilira) panthawi yokhululukidwa, kuphatikiza / kukulitsa, ndi magawo osamalira nthawi zonse amakhala ndi chemotherapy. Ana azaka 10 kapena kupitilira ndipo achinyamata omwe ali ndi ONSE amapatsidwa mankhwala oletsa khansa komanso kuchuluka kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo kuposa ana omwe ali pachiwopsezo.

Matenda a intrathecal ndi systemic amaperekedwa kuti athetse kufalikira kwa maselo a leukemia muubongo ndi msana. Nthawi zina chithandizo cha radiation ku ubongo chimaperekedwanso.

Chithandizo chomwe chikuwerengedwa m'mayesero azachipatala kwa ana azaka 10 kapena kupitirira komanso achinyamata omwe ali ndi ALL ali ndi othandizira ma anticancer ndi mankhwala a chemotherapy omwe alibe kapena omwe akufuna.

Chromosome yaku Philadelphia YONSE

Chithandizo cha ubwana wa Philadelphia chromosome-positive ZONSE panthawi yolandila chikhululukiro, kuphatikiza / kukulitsa, ndi magawo osamalira atha kuphatikizira izi:

• Kuphatikiza kwa chemotherapy ndi mankhwala opatsirana ndi tyrosine kinase inhibitor (imatinib mesylate) yokhala ndi kapena yopanda tsinde pogwiritsa ntchito maselo am'munsi mwa woperekayo.

Mankhwala ophunziridwa m'mayesero azachipatala a Philadelphia chromosome-positive ubwana ZONSE zimaphatikizapo mtundu watsopano wamankhwala omwe akufuna (imatinib mesylate) ndi kuphatikiza chemotherapy yopanda kapena yopanda tsinde.

Gwiritsani ntchito kusaka kwathu kwamankhwala kuti mupeze mayesero azachipatala omwe amathandizidwa ndi NCI omwe akulandira odwala. Mutha kusaka mayesero kutengera mtundu wa khansa, zaka za wodwalayo, komanso komwe mayeserowo akuchitika. Zambiri pazokhudza mayesero azachipatala zimapezekanso.

Refractory Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Palibe chithandizo chamankhwala chamankhwala chotsutsana ndi khansa ya m'magazi (ALL).

Chithandizo chaubwana wotsutsa ZONSE zitha kuphatikizira izi:

• Chithandizo choyenera (blinatumomab kapena inotuzumab).

• Chithandizo cha T-cell cha Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR).

Kubwereranso Kwachinyamata Khansa ya m'magazi ya Lymphoblastic

Chithandizo chamankhwala chobwerezabwereza pachimake cha lymphoblastic leukemia (ZONSE) chomwe chimabwereranso m'mafupa chingaphatikizepo izi:

• Kuphatikiza mankhwala a chemotherapy kapena osaloledwa (bortezomib).

• Kuika tsinde, pogwiritsa ntchito maselo am'munsi kuchokera kwa woperekayo.

Chithandizo chamankhwala chobwerezabwereza pachimake cha lymphoblastic leukemia (ZONSE) chomwe chimabwerera kunja kwa mafupa chimatha kukhala izi:

• Chemicic chemotherapy ndi intrathecal chemotherapy yothandizira ma radiation kuubongo komanso / kapena msana wa khansa yomwe imabwerera muubongo ndi msana wokha.

• Kuphatikiza kwa chemotherapy ndi radiation radiation ya khansa yomwe imabweranso machende okha.

• Kuponyera khungu kwa khansa yomwe yabwereranso muubongo komanso / kapena msana.

Zina mwazithandizo zomwe zikuwerengedwa m'mayesero azachipatala kwa ana obwereranso ZONSE ndi izi:

• Njira yatsopano yophatikizira chemotherapy ndi mankhwala omwe akhudzidwa (blinatumomab).

• Mtundu watsopano wa mankhwala a chemotherapy.

• Chithandizo cha T-cell cha Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR).

Gwiritsani ntchito kusaka kwathu kwamankhwala kuti mupeze mayesero azachipatala omwe amathandizidwa ndi NCI omwe akulandira odwala. Mutha kusaka mayesero kutengera mtundu wa khansa, zaka za wodwalayo, komanso komwe mayeserowo akuchitika. Zambiri pazokhudza mayesero azachipatala zimapezekanso.

Kuti mudziwe Zambiri Zokhudza Ubwana Khansa ya m'magazi

Kuti mumve zambiri kuchokera ku National Cancer Institute yokhudza khansa ya khansa ya m'magazi, onani izi:

• Computed Tomography (CT) Zithunzi ndi Khansa

• Mankhwala Ovomerezeka a Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

• Kusandulika Kwamaselo Opangira Magazi

• Njira Zochizira Khansa

Kuti mumve zambiri za khansa yaubwana ndi zina zothandiza za khansa, onani izi:

• Za Khansa

• Khansa Za Ana

• Cure Search for Cancer ya Ana Tulukani Chodzikanira

• Zotsatira Zochedwetsa Khansa Yaana

• Achinyamata ndi Achinyamata Achikulire ndi Khansa

• Ana omwe ali ndi khansa: Upangiri wa Makolo

• Khansa mwa Ana ndi Achinyamata

• Kusinthana

• Kulimbana ndi khansa

• Mafunso oti mufunse dokotala wanu za khansa

• Kwa Opulumuka ndi Owasamalira