Mitundu / khansa ya m'magazi / wodwala / wamkulu-aml-chithandizo-pdq

Chithandizo Chachikulu cha Myeloid Leukemia Treatment (?) - Patient Version

Zambiri Zokhudza Matenda Aakulu Aakulu a Myeloid Leukemia

MFUNDO ZOFUNIKA

• Matenda akuluakulu a myeloid leukemia (AML) ndi mtundu wa khansa momwe mafupa amapanga ma myeloblasts osadziwika (mtundu wa khungu loyera), maselo ofiira ofiira, kapena ma platelet.

• Khansa ya m'magazi ingakhudze maselo ofiira ofiira, maselo oyera amwazi, ndi ma platelet.

• Pali mitundu ingapo ya AML.

• Kusuta, chithandizo cham'mbuyomu cha chemotherapy, komanso kuwonetsedwa kwa radiation kumatha kukhudza chiopsezo cha AML wamkulu.

• Zizindikiro za AML wamkulu zimaphatikizapo kutentha thupi, kumva kutopa, kuvulaza kapena kutuluka magazi mosavuta.

• Mayeso omwe amafufuza magazi ndi mafupa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti apeze (kupeza) ndikuzindikira wamkulu AML.

• Zinthu zina zimakhudzanso madandaulo (mwayi wochira) ndi njira zamankhwala.

Matenda akuluakulu a myeloid leukemia (AML) ndi mtundu wa khansa momwe mafupa amapanga ma myeloblasts osadziwika (mtundu wa khungu loyera), maselo ofiira ofiira, kapena ma platelet.

Akuluakulu a myeloid leukemia (AML) ndi khansa yamagazi ndi mafupa. Khansa yamtunduwu imakula msanga ngati singalandire chithandizo. Ndiwo mtundu wodziwika bwino wa khansa ya m'magazi mwa akulu. AML amatchedwanso pachimake myelogenous khansa ya m'magazi, pachimake myeloblastic khansa ya m'magazi, pachimake granulocytic khansa ya m'magazi, ndi pachimake nonlymphocytic khansa ya m'magazi.

Thupi la fupa. Fupa limapangidwa ndi fupa lophatikizana, fupa la siponji, ndi mafupa. Fupa lokwanira limapanga gawo lakunja la fupa. Mafupa a siponji amapezeka makamaka kumapeto kwa mafupa ndipo amakhala ndi mafuta ofiira. Mafupa a mafupa amapezeka pakatikati pa mafupa ambiri ndipo amakhala ndi mitsempha yambiri yamagazi. Pali mitundu iwiri ya mafupa: ofiira ndi achikasu. Mafupa ofiira amakhala ndimaselo amwazi omwe amatha kukhala maselo ofiira, maselo oyera amwazi, kapena ma platelet. Mafupa achikasu amapangidwa makamaka ndi mafuta.

Khansa ya m'magazi ingakhudze maselo ofiira ofiira, maselo oyera amwazi, ndi ma platelet.

Nthawi zambiri, mafupa amapanga magazi am'magazi (maselo osakhwima) omwe amakhala maselo amwazi okhwima pakapita nthawi. Selo loyambira magazi limatha kukhala khungu la myeloid kapena tsinde la lymphoid. Selo la tsinde la lymphoid limasanduka khungu loyera la magazi.

Selo loyambira la myeloid limakhala amodzi mwamitundu itatu yamaselo okhazikika amwazi:

• Maselo ofiira ofiira omwe amanyamula mpweya ndi zinthu zina kumatumba onse amthupi.

• Maselo oyera amagazi omwe amalimbana ndi matenda komanso matenda.

• Mipata yomwe imapanga magazi kuundana kuti magazi asiye kutuluka.

Kukula kwa maselo amwazi. Selo loyambira magazi limadutsa masitepe angapo kuti likhale khungu lofiira, platelet, kapena khungu loyera.

Mu AML, maselo a myeloid nthawi zambiri amakhala mtundu wa maselo oyera amtundu wamtundu wotchedwa myeloblasts (kapena myeloid blast). Myeloblasts mu AML ndi achilendo ndipo samakhala maselo oyera oyera. Nthawi zina mu AML, maselo ambiri amadzimadzi amakhala maselo ofiira ofiira kapena ma platelets. Maselo oyera oyera achilendo, maselo ofiira ofiira, kapena ma platelet amatchedwanso maselo a leukemia kapena kuphulika. Maselo a leukemia amatha kulowa m'mafupa ndi magazi motero sipakhala malo ochepera maselo oyera amwazi, maselo ofiira, ndi ma platelets. Izi zikachitika, matenda, kuchepa magazi m'thupi, kapena kutuluka mwazi kosavuta kumatha kuchitika. Maselo a leukemia amatha kufalikira kunja kwa magazi kupita mbali zina za thupi, kuphatikiza dongosolo lamanjenje (ubongo ndi msana), khungu, ndi nkhama.

Chidule ichi ndi cha AML wamkulu. Onani zowerengera zotsatirazi za kuti mumve zambiri za mitundu ina ya khansa ya m'magazi:

• Ubwana Wopweteka Myeloid Leukemia / Other Myeloid Malignancies Chithandizo

• Chithandizo Chachangu cha Leukemia

• Kuchiza Kwa Akuluakulu Otsitsa Khansa Ya m'magazi

• Kuchiza Kwachangu kwa Lymphoblastic Leukemia Treatment

• Kuchiza Kwachilendo kwa Lymphocytic Leukemia

• Chithandizo cha Khansa Ya m'magazi

Pali mitundu ingapo ya AML.

Ma AML subtypes ambiri amachokera pakukula kwa maselo a khansa panthawi yodziwitsa komanso kuti ndi yosiyana bwanji ndi maselo abwinobwino.

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) ndi kamphindi kakang'ono ka AML kamene kamapezeka pamene mbali ziwiri za majini zimamatirana. APL nthawi zambiri imachitika mwa anthu azaka zapakati. Zizindikiro za APL zitha kuphatikizira kutuluka magazi ndikupanga magazi oundana.

Kusuta, chithandizo cham'mbuyomu cha chemotherapy, komanso kuwonetsedwa kwa radiation kumatha kukhudza chiopsezo cha AML wamkulu.

Chilichonse chomwe chimakulitsa chiopsezo chotenga matenda chimatchedwa chiopsezo. Kukhala ndi chiwopsezo sikutanthauza kuti udzakhala ndi khansa; kusakhala ndi zoopsa sikutanthauza kuti simudzakhala ndi khansa. Lankhulani ndi dokotala ngati mukuganiza kuti mutha kukhala pachiwopsezo. Zowopsa za AML ndi izi:

• Kukhala wamwamuna.

• Kusuta, makamaka mutakwanitsa zaka 60.

• Atalandira chithandizo chamankhwala am'mbuyomu kapena mankhwala a radiation m'mbuyomu.

• Kukhala ndi chithandizo chamankhwala ovuta kwambiri a khansa ya m'magazi (ZONSE) m'mbuyomu.

• Kuwonetsedwa ndi radiation kuchokera ku bomba la atomiki kapena mankhwala a benzene.

• Kukhala ndi mbiri yazovuta zamagazi monga myelodysplastic syndrome.

Zizindikiro za AML wamkulu zimaphatikizapo kutentha thupi, kumva kutopa, kuvulaza kapena kutuluka magazi mosavuta.

Zizindikiro zoyambirira za AML zitha kukhala ngati zomwe zimayambitsa chimfine kapena matenda ena wamba. Funsani dokotala ngati muli ndi izi:

• Malungo.

• Kupuma pang'ono.

• Kuvulaza kosavuta kapena kutuluka magazi.

• Petechiae (malo athyathyathya, osinkhasinkha pansi pa khungu chifukwa cha magazi)

• Kufooka kapena kumva kutopa.

• Kuchepetsa thupi kapena kusowa kwa njala.

Mayeso omwe amafufuza magazi ndi mafupa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti apeze (kupeza) ndikuzindikira wamkulu AML.

Mayeso ndi njira zotsatirazi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito:

• Kuwunika kwakuthupi ndi mbiri: Kuyesedwa kwa thupi kuti muwone zizindikiritso zaumoyo, kuphatikiza kuyang'ana ngati pali matenda, monga zotupa kapena china chilichonse chomwe chikuwoneka chachilendo. Mbiri yokhudzana ndi thanzi la wodwalayo komanso matenda am'mbuyomu komanso chithandizo chamankhwala adzachitidwanso.

• Kuwerengera kwathunthu kwa magazi (CBC): Njira yomwe magazi amatengedwa ndikuwunika zotsatirazi:

• Chiwerengero cha maselo ofiira, maselo oyera amwazi, ndi ma platelet.

• Kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin (puloteni yomwe imanyamula mpweya) m'maselo ofiira amwazi.

• Gawo la nyemba lopangidwa ndi maselo ofiira amwazi.

Kuwerengera kwathunthu kwa magazi (CBC). Magazi amatengedwa polowetsa singano mumtsempha ndikuloleza magazi kuti alowe mu chubu. Sampulo yamwazi imatumizidwa ku labotale ndipo maselo ofiira amwazi, maselo oyera amwazi, ndi ma platelet amawerengedwa. CBC imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyesa, kuzindikira, ndikuwunika zochitika zosiyanasiyana.

• Peripheral blood smear: Njira yomwe magazi amayang'aniridwa kuti aphulitse maselo, kuchuluka kwake ndi mitundu yama cell oyera, kuchuluka kwa ma platelets, komanso kusintha kwa mawonekedwe am'magazi.

• Kulakalaka kwa mafuta m'mafupa ndi biopsy: Kuchotsa mafupa, magazi, ndi kachigawo kakang'ono ka fupa poika singano yopanda kanthu m'chiuno kapena m'chifuwa. Dokotala akuwona mafupa, magazi, ndi mafupa pansi pa microscope kuti ayang'ane zizindikiro za khansa.

Kukhumba kwamfupa ndi mafupa. Gawo laling'ono la khungu litachita dzanzi, singano ya m'mafupa imalowetsedwa m'fupa la m'chiuno la wodwalayo. Zitsanzo zamagazi, mafupa, ndi mafupa amachotsedwa kuti zikaunikidwe ndi microscope.

• Kusanthula kwa cytogenetic: Kuyesa kwa labotale komwe ma chromosomes am'magazi am'magazi kapena m'mafupa amawerengedwa ndikuwunika ngati pali kusintha kulikonse, monga ma chromosomes osweka, osowa, okonzedwanso kapena owonjezera. Kusintha kwa ma chromosomes ena kungakhale chizindikiro cha khansa. Kusanthula kwa cytogenetic kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthandizira kuzindikira khansa, kukonzekera chithandizo, kapena kudziwa momwe chithandizo chikuyendera. Mayesero ena, monga fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), amathanso kuchitidwa kuti asinthe kusintha kwina kwama chromosomes.

• Immunophenotyping: Kuyesa kwa labotale komwe kumagwiritsa ntchito ma antibodies kuti azindikire maselo a khansa kutengera mitundu ya ma antigen kapena zolembera zomwe zili pamwamba pamaselo. Kuyesaku kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthandizira kuzindikira mitundu ina ya khansa ya m'magazi. Mwachitsanzo, kafukufuku wa cytochemistry atha kuyesa ma cell mwa nyemba pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala (utoto) kuti asinthe zina ndi zina. Mankhwala amatha kusintha mtundu wamtundu umodzi wa leukemia koma osasintha mtundu wina wa leukemia.

• Reverse transcription – polymerase chain reaction test (RT – PCR): Kuyezetsa labotale momwe kuyerekezera kuchuluka kwa chibadwa chotchedwa mRNA chopangidwa ndi jini inayake. Enzyme yotchedwa reverse transcriptase imagwiritsidwa ntchito kutembenuza chidutswa cha RNA kukhala chidutswa chofanana cha DNA, chomwe chitha kukulitsidwa (kupangidwa mwaunyinji) ndi enzyme ina yotchedwa DNA polymerase. Makope omwe ali ndi ma DNA amathandizira kudziwa ngati mRNA yapangidwa ndi jini. RT-PCR itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuwunika kuyambitsa kwa majini ena omwe angawonetse kupezeka kwa maselo a khansa. Kuyesaku kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kuyang'ana zosintha zina mu jini kapena chromosome, zomwe zingathandize kuzindikira khansa. Mayesowa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira mitundu ina ya AML kuphatikiza khansa ya m'magazi (APL).

Zinthu zina zimakhudzanso madandaulo (mwayi wochira) ndi njira zamankhwala.

Kulosera (mwayi wochira) ndi njira zamankhwala zimadalira:

• Zaka za wodwalayo.

• Mtundu wa AML.

• Kaya wodwalayo adalandira chemotherapy m'mbuyomu kuti athetse khansa ina.

• Kaya pali mbiri ya matenda amwazi monga myelodysplastic syndrome.

• Kaya khansara yafalikira m'katikati mwa manjenje.

• Kaya khansa idathandizidwapo kale kapena kubwereranso (kubwerera).

Ndikofunika kuti khansa ya m'magazi ichiritsidwe nthawi yomweyo.

Magawo a Achikulire Acute Myeloid Leukemia

MFUNDO ZOFUNIKA

• Munthu wamkulu atapezedwa ndi myeloid leukemia (AML) atapezeka, amayesedwa kuti apeze ngati khansayo yafalikira mbali zina za thupi.

• Palibe njira yokhazikika ya AML wamkulu.

Munthu wamkulu atapezedwa ndi myeloid leukemia (AML) atapezeka, amayesedwa kuti apeze ngati khansayo yafalikira mbali zina za thupi.

Kukula kapena kufalikira kwa khansa nthawi zambiri kumafotokozedwa ngati magawo. Mwa akuluakulu a myeloid leukemia (AML), kachilombo ka AML komanso ngati khansa ya m'magazi yafalikira kunja kwa magazi ndi mafupa amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mochita kukonzekera mankhwala. Mayesero ndi njira zotsatirazi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti mudziwe ngati leukemia yafalikira:

• Lumbar puncture: Njira yogwiritsira ntchito nyemba ya cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) kuchokera kumtunda wa msana. Izi zimachitika poika singano pakati pa mafupa awiri mumsana ndi CSF mozungulira msana ndikuchotsa madzi. Chitsanzo cha CSF chimayang'aniridwa ndi microscope ngati pali zizindikiro zakuti maselo a leukemia afalikira kuubongo ndi msana. Njirayi imatchedwanso LP kapena tapu ya msana.

Lumbar kuboola. Wodwala amagona pamalo okuta patebulo. Dera laling'ono kumunsi kumapeto kwake, dzenje la msana (singano yayitali, yopyapyala) imalowetsedwa m'munsi mwa msana kuti muchotse madzi amadzimadzi (CSF, omwe akuwonetsedwa ndi buluu). Timadzimadzi timatumizidwa ku labotale kukayezetsa.

• CT scan (CAT scan): Njira yomwe imapanga zithunzi zingapo zam'mimba, zojambulidwa mosiyanasiyana. Zithunzizo zimapangidwa ndi kompyuta yolumikizidwa ndi makina a x-ray. Utoto ukhoza kulowetsedwa mumtsempha kapena kumeza kuti ziwalo kapena ziwalo ziwoneke bwino. Njirayi imatchedwanso computed tomography, kompyuta tomography, kapena kompyuta axial tomography.

Palibe njira yokhazikika ya AML wamkulu.

Matendawa amafotokozedwa ngati osachiritsidwa, okhululukidwa, kapena obwereza.

AML wamkulu wosachiritsidwa

Mu AML wamkulu wosachiritsidwa, matendawa amapezeka kumene. Sanalandire chithandizo kupatula kuthetsa zizindikiro monga malungo, magazi, kapena kupweteka, ndipo izi ndi zoona:

• Kuwerengera kwathunthu kwa magazi kumakhala kwachilendo.

• Maselo osachepera 20% am'mafupa amaphulika (maselo a leukemia).

• Pali zizindikiro kapena zizindikiro za khansa ya m'magazi.

Akuluakulu AML mu chikhululukiro

Mwa akuluakulu a AML mukukhululukidwa, matendawa amachiritsidwa ndipo izi ndi zoona:

• Kuwerengera kwathunthu kwa magazi ndikwabwino.

• Maselo ochepera 5% am'mafupa amaphulika (ma cell a leukemia).

• Palibe zisonyezo za khansa ya m'magazi muubongo ndi msana kapena kwina kulikonse mthupi.

Wamkulu Wobwereza AML

AML yaposachedwa ndi khansa yomwe yabwereranso (kubwerera) itachiritsidwa. AML ikhoza kubwereranso m'magazi kapena m'mafupa.

Chithandizo Chosankha Mwachidule

MFUNDO ZOFUNIKA

• Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chithandizo cha odwala omwe ali ndi khansa yayikulu ya myeloid leukemia.
• Chithandizo cha AML wamkulu nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi magawo awiri.
• Mitundu inayi yamankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito amagwiritsidwa ntchito:

• Chemotherapy

• Thandizo la radiation

• Chemotherapy yokhala ndi tsinde

• Mankhwala ena

• Mitundu yatsopano yamankhwala ikuyesedwa m'mayesero azachipatala.

• Chithandizo chofuna

• Chithandizo cha akulu pachimake cha myeloid khansa ya m'magazi chingayambitse mavuto.

• Odwala angaganize zopita nawo kukayezetsa.

• Odwala amatha kulowa m'mayesero azachipatala asanayambe, asanayambe, kapena atayamba kulandira chithandizo cha khansa.

• Mayeso otsatirawa angafunike.

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chithandizo cha odwala omwe ali ndi khansa yayikulu ya myeloid leukemia.

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chithandizo kwa odwala omwe ali ndi khansa yayikulu ya myeloid leukemia (AML). Mankhwala ena ndi ofanana (mankhwala omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito pano), ndipo ena akuyesedwa m'mayesero azachipatala. Kuyesedwa kwachipatala ndi kafukufuku wofufuza wothandizira kusintha chithandizo chamakono kapena kupeza zidziwitso zamankhwala atsopano kwa odwala khansa. Pamene mayesero azachipatala awonetsa kuti chithandizo chatsopano ndichabwino kuposa chithandizo chamankhwala, chithandizocho chitha kukhala chamankhwala wamba. Odwala angaganize zopita nawo kukayezetsa. Mayesero ena azachipatala ndi otseguka kwa odwala omwe sanayambe kulandira chithandizo.

Chithandizo cha AML wamkulu nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi magawo awiri.

Magawo awiri amachiritso a AML akulu ndi awa:

• Thandizo lothandizira: Iyi ndi gawo loyamba la chithandizo. Cholinga ndikupha ma cell a leukemia m'magazi ndi m'mafupa. Izi zimayika khansa ya m'magazi kuti ikhululukidwe.

• Thandizo la Post-remission: Ili ndiye gawo lachiwiri la chithandizo. Imayamba khansa ya m'magazi itakhululukidwa. Cholinga chothandizira kukhululukidwa ndi kupha maselo amtundu wa leukemia omwe sangakhale otakataka koma atha kuyambiranso ndikuyambiranso. Gawoli limatchedwanso kuchotsera kupitiriza chithandizo.

Mitundu inayi yamankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito amagwiritsidwa ntchito:

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy ndi mankhwala a khansa omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa kukula kwa maselo a khansa, mwina popha ma cell kapena kuwaletsa kuti asagawane. Chemotherapy ikamamwa pakamwa kapena kulowetsedwa mumtsempha kapena minofu, mankhwalawa amalowa m'magazi ndipo amatha kufikira ma cell a khansa mthupi lonse (systemic chemotherapy). Chemotherapy ikaikidwa molunjika mu cerebrospinal fluid (intrathecal chemotherapy), chiwalo, kapena thupi monga pamimba, mankhwalawa amakhudza kwambiri ma cell a khansa m'malo amenewo (chemotherapy am'madera). Intrathecal chemotherapy itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira AML wamkulu yemwe wafalikira kuubongo ndi msana. Kuphatikiza kwa chemotherapy ndi chithandizo chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opatsirana ambiri opatsirana khansa.

Momwe chemotherapy imaperekera zimatengera mtundu wa AML wothandizidwa komanso ngati maselo a leukemia afalikira kuubongo ndi msana.

Mankhwala otchedwa intrathecal chemotherapy. Mankhwala a anticancer amalowetsedwa mu intrathecal space, omwe ndi malo omwe amakhala ndi cerebrospinal fluid (CSF, yowonetsedwa ndi buluu). Pali njira ziwiri zochitira izi. Njira imodzi, yomwe ikuwonetsedwa kumtunda kwa chiwerengerocho, ndi kuyika mankhwalawo mu dziwe la Ommaya (chidebe chowoneka ngati dome chomwe chimayikidwa pansi pamutu pochita opareshoni; imagwira mankhwalawo akamadutsa chubu kakang'ono kupita muubongo ). Njira ina, yomwe ikuwonetsedwa kumapeto kwa chiwerengerocho, ndikulowetsa mankhwalawo mu CSF m'munsi mwa msana, pambuyo poti dera laling'ono kumunsi kwanjenjemera.

Onani Mankhwala Ovomerezeka a Acute Myeloid Leukemia kuti mumve zambiri.

Thandizo la radiation

Thandizo la radiation ndi chithandizo cha khansa chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito ma x-ray amphamvu kapena mitundu ina ya radiation kuti iphe ma cell a khansa kapena kuti asakule. Pali mitundu iwiri ya mankhwala a radiation:

• Mankhwala ochiritsira akunja amagwiritsa ntchito makina kunja kwa thupi kuti atumize cheza chaku khansa.

• Njira yothandizira poizoniyu yamkati imagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a radioactive otsekedwa ndi singano, njere, mawaya, kapena ma catheters omwe amayikidwa mwachindunji kapena pafupi ndi khansa.

Momwe mankhwala a radiation amaperekedwera zimadalira mtundu wa khansa yomwe ikuthandizidwa komanso ngati maselo a leukemia afalikira kuubongo ndi msana. Thandizo la radiation lakunja limagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira AML wamkulu.

Chemotherapy yokhala ndi tsinde

Chemotherapy imaperekedwa kuti iphe ma cell a khansa. Maselo athanzi, kuphatikiza maselo opanga magazi, nawonso amawonongedwa ndi chithandizo cha khansa. Kuika timitengo tating'onoting'ono ndi chithandizo m'malo mwa maselo omwe amapanga magazi. Maselo otchedwa stem cells (maselo a magazi osakhwima) amachotsedwa m'magazi kapena m'mafupa a wodwalayo kapena woperekayo ndipo amaundana ndikusungidwa. Wodwalayo akamaliza chemotherapy, maselo osungidwa amasungunuka ndikubwezeretsedwanso mwa kulowetsedwa. Maselo amtundu wobwezeretsansowa amakula (ndikubwezeretsanso) maselo amthupi.

Kupanga khungu la tsinde. (Gawo 1): Magazi amatengedwa mumtambo wa woperekayo. Wodwala kapena wina akhoza kukhala woperekayo. Magazi amayenda kudzera pamakina omwe amachotsa maselowo. Kenako magaziwo amabwezera woperekayo kudzera mumitsempha ya mkono wina. (Gawo 2): Wodwalayo amalandila chemotherapy kuti aphe maselo omwe amapanga magazi. Wodwala atha kulandira chithandizo cha radiation (chosawonetsedwa). (Gawo 3): Wodwalayo amalandila maselo am'magazi kudzera mu catheter yoyikidwa mumtsuko wamagazi pachifuwa.

Mankhwala ena

Arsenic trioxide ndi all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) ndi mankhwala oletsa khansa omwe amapha ma cell a leukemia, amaletsa ma cell a leukemia kuti asagawane, kapena amathandizira ma cell a leukemia kukula m'maselo oyera. Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza kachilombo ka AML kotchedwa acute promyelocytic leukemia.

Onani Mankhwala Ovomerezeka a Acute Myeloid Leukemia kuti mumve zambiri.

Mitundu yatsopano yamankhwala ikuyesedwa m'mayesero azachipatala.

Gawo lachiduleli likufotokoza zamankhwala omwe akuwerengedwa m'mayesero azachipatala. Sizingatchule chithandizo chilichonse chatsopano chomwe akuphunzira. Zambiri zamayeso azachipatala zimapezeka patsamba la NCI.

Chithandizo chofuna

Chithandizo choyenera ndi mtundu wa mankhwala omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena zinthu zina kuti azindikire ndikuukira maselo amtundu wa khansa osavulaza maselo abwinobwino. Thandizo la monoclonal antibody ndi mtundu umodzi wamankhwala omwe akuwunikiridwa omwe amaphunziridwa pochiza AML wamkulu.

Mankhwala a monoclonal antibody ndi mankhwala a khansa omwe amagwiritsa ntchito ma antibodies opangidwa mu labotale kuchokera ku mtundu umodzi wamthupi. Ma antibodies awa amatha kuzindikira zinthu zomwe zili m'maselo a khansa kapena zinthu zabwinobwino zomwe zingathandize ma cell a khansa kukula. Ma antibodies amalumikizana ndi zinthuzo ndikupha ma cell a khansa, amalepheretsa kukula kwawo, kapena amalepheretsa kufalikira. Ma antibodies a monoclonal amaperekedwa mwa kulowetsedwa. Angagwiritsidwe ntchito okha kapena kunyamula mankhwala osokoneza bongo, poizoni, kapena zinthu zowononga radio kupita kuma cell a khansa.

Chithandizo cha akulu pachimake cha myeloid khansa ya m'magazi chingayambitse mavuto.

Kuti mumve zambiri zamankhwala obwera chifukwa cha khansa, onani tsamba lathu la Zotsatira Zotsatira.

Odwala angaganize zopita nawo kukayezetsa.

Kwa odwala ena, kutenga nawo mbali pakuyesa chithandizo chachipatala kungakhale njira yabwino kwambiri yothandizira. Mayesero azachipatala ndi gawo limodzi la kafukufuku wa khansa. Mayesero azachipatala amachitika kuti apeze ngati mankhwala atsopano a khansa ndi otetezeka komanso ogwira ntchito kapena abwinoko kuposa mankhwala wamba.

Njira zambiri zamankhwala zochiritsira khansa zimachokera kumayeso am'mbuyomu azachipatala. Odwala omwe amatenga nawo mbali pachipatala atha kulandira chithandizo chofananira kapena kukhala oyamba kulandira chithandizo chatsopano.

Odwala omwe amatenga nawo mbali pazoyeserera zamankhwala amathandizanso kukonza momwe khansa idzathandizire mtsogolo. Ngakhale mayesero azachipatala satsogolera kuchipatala chatsopano, nthawi zambiri amayankha mafunso ofunikira ndikuthandizira kupititsa patsogolo kafukufuku.

Odwala amatha kulowa m'mayesero azachipatala asanayambe, asanayambe, kapena atayamba kulandira chithandizo cha khansa.

Mayesero ena azachipatala amangophatikizapo odwala omwe sanalandire chithandizo. Mayesero ena amayesa chithandizo kwa odwala omwe khansa yawo sinakhale bwino. Palinso mayesero azachipatala omwe amayesa njira zatsopano zothetsera khansa kuti isabwererenso (kubwerera) kapena kuchepetsa zovuta zoyambitsidwa ndi khansa.

Mayesero azachipatala akuchitika m'malo ambiri mdziko muno. Zambiri zamayeso azachipatala othandizidwa ndi NCI zitha kupezeka patsamba lofufuza zamankhwala la NCI. Mayesero azachipatala othandizidwa ndi mabungwe ena amapezeka patsamba la ClinicalTrials.gov.

Mayeso otsatirawa angafunike.

Ena mwa mayesero omwe adachitika kuti apeze khansa kapena kuti adziwe momwe khansa iliri angabwerezedwenso. Mayesero ena adzabwerezedwa kuti awone momwe mankhwalawa akugwirira ntchito. Zisankho zakuti mupitilize, kusintha, kapena kusiya kulandira chithandizo zitha kutengera zotsatira za mayeso awa.

Kuyesaku kumangopitilira kuchitika nthawi ndi nthawi mankhwala atatha. Zotsatira zamayesowa zitha kuwonetsa ngati vuto lanu lasintha kapena ngati khansa yabwereranso (bwererani). Mayesowa nthawi zina amatchedwa kuyesa kutsata kapena kukayezetsa.

Njira Zothandizira Anthu Aakulu Aakulu a Myeloid Leukemia

M'chigawo chino

• Munthu Wamkulu Wopanda Chithandizo Cham'magazi Wam'magazi Amodzi

• Wamkulu Acute Myeloid Leukemia mu Kukhululukidwa

• Munthu Wachilendo Wamkulu Yemwe Amakhala Ndi Khansa Ya m'magazi

Kuti mumve zambiri zamankhwala omwe atchulidwa pansipa, onani gawo la Chisankho Chachidule.

Munthu Wamkulu Wopanda Chithandizo Cham'magazi Wam'magazi Amodzi

Chithandizo chamankhwala cha munthu wamkulu yemwe sanatengere matenda a myeloid leukemia (AML) panthawi yopumula chimadalira mtundu wa AML ndipo ungaphatikizepo izi:

• Kuphatikiza chemotherapy.

• Chemotherapy yosakanikirana kwambiri.

• Chemotherapy yotsika pang'ono.

• Mankhwala otchedwa intrathecal chemotherapy.

• All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) kuphatikiza arsenic trioxide yothandizira khansa ya promyelocytic leukemia (APL).

• ATRA kuphatikiza chemotherapy kuphatikiza kwa arsenic trioxide pochiza APL.

Gwiritsani ntchito kusaka kwathu kwamankhwala kuti mupeze mayesero azachipatala omwe amathandizidwa ndi NCI omwe akulandira odwala. Mutha kusaka mayesero kutengera mtundu wa khansa, zaka za wodwalayo, komanso komwe mayeserowo akuchitika. Zambiri pazokhudza mayesero azachipatala zimapezekanso.

Wamkulu Acute Myeloid Leukemia mu Kukhululukidwa

Chithandizo cha AML wamkulu panthawi yachikhululukiro chimadalira mtundu wa AML ndipo ungaphatikizepo izi:

• Kuphatikiza chemotherapy.

• Chemotherapy yamankhwala apamwamba, yopanda mankhwala a radiation kapena yopanda radiation, ndikuyika ma cell am'magazi pogwiritsa ntchito maselo am'maso a wodwalayo.

• Chemotherapy ya mlingo waukulu ndi kuponyera maselo pogwiritsa ntchito maselo opereka.

• Kuyesedwa kwachipatala kwa arsenic trioxide.

Gwiritsani ntchito kusaka kwathu kwamankhwala kuti mupeze mayesero azachipatala omwe amathandizidwa ndi NCI omwe akulandira odwala. Mutha kusaka mayesero kutengera mtundu wa khansa, zaka za wodwalayo, komanso komwe mayeserowo akuchitika. Zambiri pazokhudza mayesero azachipatala zimapezekanso.

Munthu Wachilendo Wamkulu Yemwe Amakhala Ndi Khansa Ya m'magazi

Palibe chithandizo chamankhwala cha AML wamkulu yemwe amabwereranso. Chithandizo chimadalira mtundu wa AML ndipo ungaphatikizepo izi:

• Kuphatikiza chemotherapy.

• Chithandizo chojambulidwa ndi ma monoclonal antibodies.

• Kupanga ma cell a tsinde pogwiritsa ntchito maselo am'mwazi kapena omwe amathandizira.

• Thandizo la Arsenic trioxide.

• Kuyesedwa kwachipatala kwa mankhwala a arsenic trioxide otsatiridwa ndikutsata ma cell.

Gwiritsani ntchito kusaka kwathu kwamankhwala kuti mupeze mayesero azachipatala omwe amathandizidwa ndi NCI omwe akulandira odwala. Mutha kusaka mayesero kutengera mtundu wa khansa, zaka za wodwalayo, komanso komwe mayeserowo akuchitika. Zambiri pazokhudza mayesero azachipatala zimapezekanso.

Kuti mudziwe Zambiri Zokhudza Khansa Yaikulu Ya Myeloid Khansa Ya m'magazi

Kuti mumve zambiri kuchokera ku National Cancer Institute yokhudza achikulire a myeloid leukemia, onani izi:

• Tsamba la Khansa ya m'magazi

• Mankhwala Ovomerezeka a Acute Myeloid Leukemia

• Kusandulika Kwamaselo Opangira Magazi

• Njira Zochizira Khansa

Kuti mumve zambiri za khansa ndi zinthu zina zochokera ku National Cancer Institute, onani izi:

• Za Khansa

• Kusinthana

• Chemotherapy and You: Kuthandiza Anthu Omwe Ali Ndi Khansa

• Thandizo la Radiation ndi Inu: Thandizo kwa Anthu Omwe Ali ndi Khansa

• Kulimbana ndi khansa

• Mafunso oti mufunse dokotala wanu za khansa

• Kwa Opulumuka ndi Owasamalira