Hom / lub taub hau-thiab-caj dab / cov neeg mob / cov laus / salivary-caj-kho-pdq

Kev Kho Mob Ntshav Ciaj Ntshav (Cov Laus) Version

Cov Ntaub Ntawv Xov Xwm Txog Kev Mob Ntshav Dawb Lub Neej

QHOV TSEEM CEEB

• Mob kheesxaws (salivary gland) yog ib yam mob uas tsis tshua muaj mob ntau hauv cov qog ua mob rau qog nqaij hlav.

• Raug rau qee yam hluav taws xob ntau yuav ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo mob qog nqaij hlav ntshav qab zib.

• Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob qog nqaij hlav muaj xws li mob qog lossis teeb meem nqos.

• Kev ntsuam xyuas uas kuaj xyuas lub taub hau, caj dab, thiab sab hauv ntawm lub qhov ncauj yog siv los kuaj (pom) thiab kuaj kev mob qog nqaij hlav qaub ncaug.

• Qee yam cuam tshuam los ntawm kev xaiv kho thiab qhov kwv yees (qhov yuav muaj rov qab).

Mob kheesxaws (salivary gland) yog ib yam mob uas tsis tshua muaj mob ntau hauv cov qog ua mob rau qog nqaij hlav.

Lub qog ua kua qaub ncaug ua kom muaj qaub ncaug thiab tso nws mus rau hauv lub qhov ncauj. Qaub ncaug muaj enzymes uas pab zom cov zaub mov thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas pab tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm lub qhov ncauj thiab lub caj pas. Muaj 3 khub ntawm cov muaj mob qab ntsev loj:

• Cov qog Parotid: Cov no yog cov qog kua qab ntau tshaj plaws thiab pom ua ntej thiab hauv qab txhua lub pob ntseg. Feem ntau qhov mob qog nqaij hlav hauv lub qog tau pib nyob rau hauv lub qog no.

• Sublingual qog: Cov qog pom nyob hauv qab tus nplaig hauv pem teb ntawm lub qhov ncauj.

• Submandibular qog: Cov qog muaj nyob hauv qab ntawm lub puab tsaig.

Anatomy ntawm salivary qog. Qhov peb khub tseem ceeb ntawm cov kua qaub ncaug muaj cov qog parotid, cov qog sublingual, thiab cov qog submandibular.

Tseem muaj ntau pua tus me (cov menyuam yaus) cov qaub ncaug qab plab ua tawm ntawm qhov ncauj, qhov ntswg, thiab lub suab nrov uas pom tau nrog lub tshuab tsom kab xwb. Feem ntau cov mob qog ua kua qog tau pib hauv lub palate (ntawm lub qhov ncauj).

Ntau tshaj li ib nrab ntawm tag nrho cov mob qog nqaij hlav hauv lub cev yog cov benign (tsis yog mob) thiab tsis kis mus rau lwm cov ntaub so ntswg.

Mob salivary caj pas yog hom qog taub hau thiab caj dab.

Raug rau qee yam hluav taws xob ntau yuav ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo mob qog nqaij hlav ntshav qab zib.

Txhua yam uas ua kom muaj feem ntau qhov kev kis tus mob no yog hu ua kev pheej hmoo. Muaj qhov muaj feem yuav tsis txhais tau tias koj yuav muaj mob qog noj ntshav; tsis muaj yam txaus ntshai tsis txhais tau tias koj yuav tsis muaj mob qog noj ntshav. Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob yog koj xav tias koj yuav muaj kev pheej hmoo. Txawm hais tias tsis paub qhov ua rau feem ntau cov qog nqaij hlav caj pas tsis paub meej, cov kev pheej hmoo muaj xws li cov hauv qab no:

• Muaj hnub nyoog laus dua.

• Txoj kev kho nrog hluav taws xob kho rau lub taub hau thiab caj dab.

• Raug rau qee yam tshuaj tom haujlwm.

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob qog nqaij hlav muaj xws li mob qog lossis teeb meem nqos.

Mob qog noj nyoos lub cev tej zaum yuav tsis ua mob. Tej zaum yuav pom thaum kuaj hniav lossis kuaj lub cev tsis tu ncua. Cov cim thiab tsos mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm mob qog nqaij hlav cancer lossis lwm yam mob. Nug koj tus kws kho mob yog tias koj muaj qee yam hauv qab no:

• Lub qog (feem ntau tsis mob) nyob rau thaj chaw ntawm pob ntseg, lub plhu, lub puab tsaig, daim di ncauj, lossis sab hauv lub qhov ncauj.

• Dej ntws tawm hauv lub pob ntseg.

• Teeb meem nqos los yog qhib lub qhov ncauj dav.

• Tsa muag lossis tsis muaj zog ntawm lub ntsej muag.

• Mob rau lub ntsej muag uas tsis ploj mus.

• Kev ntsuam xyuas uas kuaj xyuas lub taub hau, caj dab, thiab sab hauv ntawm lub qhov ncauj yog siv los kuaj (pom) thiab kuaj kev mob qog nqaij hlav qaub ncaug.

Cov txheej txheem hauv qab no tuaj yeem siv:

• Kev kuaj lub cev thiab keeb kwm: Kev kuaj lub cev kom kuaj xyuas cov cim ntawm kev noj qab haus huv. Lub taub hau, caj dab, qhov ncauj, thiab caj pas yuav kuaj seb puas muaj kab mob, xws li mob qog lossis lwm yam uas zoo li txawv txawv. Cov keeb kwm ntawm tus neeg mob txoj kev noj qab haus huv thiab cov kab mob yav dhau los thiab kev kho mob tseem yuav raug coj los siv.

• MRI (sib nqus resonance duab): Tus txheej txheem uas siv cov hlau nplaum, xov tooj cua vuam vias, thiab khoos phis tawm los ua cov duab ntxaws ntxaws ntawm cov chaw hauv lub cev. Tus txheej txheem no tseem hu ua nuclear sib nqus resonance imaging (NMRI).

• CT scan (CAT scan): Tus txheej txheem uas ua rau cov duab ntxaws ntxig ntawm cov chaw hauv lub cev, coj los ntawm ntau cov ces kaum. Cov duab no yog tsim los ntawm lub koos pis tawj txuas nrog lub tshuab xoo hluav taws xob. Ib qho zas xim tuaj yeem raug txhaj rau hauv txoj hlab ntshav lossis nqos los pab rau cov kabmob lossis cov nqaij ua kom pom tseeb dua. Cov txheej txheem no tseem hu ua suav tomography, computer tom tomography, lossis computerized axial tomography.

Tham tomography (CT) scan ntawm lub taub hau thiab caj dab. Tus neeg mob pw ntawm lub rooj uas xaub ntawm CT scanner, uas siv duab xoo hluav taws xob sab hauv ntawm lub taub hau thiab caj dab.

• PET scan (positron emission tomography scan): Tus txheej txheem los nrhiav cov qog ua qog ntshav hauv lub cev. Ib qho me me ntawm cov kua hluav taws xob cov kua qab zib (qab zib) tau txhaj rau txoj hlab ntshav. PET scanner tig ncig lub cev thiab ua ib daim duab ntawm qhov chaw nyob hauv qab ntawm lub cev tau siv. Malignant qog hlwb nthuav qhia lub ci nyob hauv daim duab vim tias lawv nquag tshaj thiab noj ntau dua cov piam thaj dua li cov hlwb ua.

• Endoscopy: Tus txheej txheem los saib cov khoom nruab nrog cev thiab cov nqaij hauv lub cev kom kuaj xyuas seb puas muaj qhov txawv txav. Txog kev mob qog nqaij hlav, ua rau lub ntsej muag endoscope tso rau hauv lub qhov ncauj kom pom lub qhov ncauj, caj pas thiab lub suab nrov. Lub endoscope yog lub raj, zoo li lub raj nrog lub teeb thiab lub lens rau pom.

• Tso me nyuam tawm: tshem tawm cov nqaij los yog nqaij kom lawv tuaj yeem saib nyob rau hauv lub tshuab tsom kab ntsig los ntawm tus kws kho mob kuaj seb puas muaj mob qog nqaij hlav.

• Kev siv rab koob hno (FNA) me me: Kev tshem tawm cov ntaub so ntswg los yog kua dej uas siv lub koob tshiab. Ib qho FNA yog qhov feem ntau siv cov qhov nqaij me me siv rau mob qog nqaij hlav cancer salivary.

• Kev phais me me: Qhov tshem tawm ib feem ntawm qog lossis cov hnoos qeev uas tsis zoo li qub.

• Kev phais: Yog tias kuaj tsis tau qog nqaij hlav qog noj los ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov nqaij mos ua kom tshem tawm thaum kuaj FNA los yog phais qhov txhab, cov nqaij yuav raug tshem tawm thiab kuaj cov cim mob qog nqaij hlav.

Vim tias tus mob kheesxaws salivary tuaj yeem nyuaj rau kev kuaj mob, cov neeg mob yuav tsum thov kom kuaj cov nqaij mos los ntawm ib tus kws kho mob uas tau ntsib hauv kev kuaj mob qog ntshav qab zib.

Qee yam cuam tshuam los ntawm kev xaiv kho thiab qhov kwv yees (qhov yuav muaj rov qab).

Cov kev xaiv kho thiab qhov raug hais tias (mob yuav rov zoo) yog nyob ntawm cov hauv qab no:

• Cov theem ntawm cov kabmob (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhov loj ntawm cov qog).

• Txoj kev mob salivary caj pas mob cancer yog nyob hauv.

• Hom qog nqaij hlav cancer (yuav ua li cas lawv saib nyob hauv lub tshuab tsom kab ntsig).

• Tus neeg mob lub hnub nyoog thiab kev noj qab haus huv feem ntau.

Theem ntawm Salivary caj pas mob Cancer

QHOV TSEEM CEEB

• Tom qab kuaj tau muaj cov kab mob qog nqaij hlav rau ntshav qab zib tau raug kuaj, los kuaj xyuas seb cov qog nqaij hlav cancer tau ri mus hauv cov qaub ncaug qaub ncaug lossis rau lwm qhov hauv lub cev.

• Muaj peb txoj hauv kev uas mob cancer kis hauv lub cev.

• Mob khees xaws yuav kis tau los ntawm qhov nws pib rau lwm qhov ntawm lub cev.

• Cov theem hauv qab no yog siv rau cov qog nqaij hlav qaub ncaug qog nqaij hlav uas ua rau muaj cov qog nqaij mos ua parotid, submandibular, thiab sublingual:

• Theem 0 (carcinoma hauv situ)

• Theem Kuv

• Theem II

• Theem III

• Theem IV

• Cov qog muaj hnub nyoog tsawg dua yog cov sib luag ntawm cov pob txha caj qaum, submandibular, thiab sublingual qog.

Tom qab kuaj tau muaj cov kab mob qog nqaij hlav rau ntshav qab zib tau raug kuaj, los kuaj xyuas seb cov qog nqaij hlav cancer tau ri mus hauv cov qaub ncaug qaub ncaug lossis rau lwm qhov hauv lub cev.

Cov txheej txheem tau siv los xyuas seb tus mob qog nqaij hlav tau kis hauv cov qog qaub ncaug lossis lwm qhov hauv lub cev hu ua staging. Cov ntaub ntawv sau los ntawm cov txheej txheem theem txiav txim theem ntawm tus kab mob. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum paub txog theem kom thiaj li npaj tau kev kho mob. Cov txheej txheem hauv qab no tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov txheej txheem staging:

• MRI (sib nqus resonance duab): Tus txheej txheem uas siv cov hlau nplaum, xov tooj cua vuam vias, thiab khoos phis tawm los ua cov duab ntxaws ntxaws ntawm cov chaw hauv lub cev. Tus txheej txheem no tseem hu ua nuclear sib nqus resonance imaging (NMRI).

• CT scan (CAT scan): Tus txheej txheem uas ua rau cov duab ntxaws ntxig ntawm cov chaw hauv lub cev, coj los ntawm ntau cov ces kaum. Cov duab no yog tsim los ntawm lub koos pis tawj txuas nrog lub tshuab xoo hluav taws xob. Ib qho zas xim tuaj yeem raug txhaj rau hauv txoj hlab ntshav lossis nqos los pab rau cov kabmob lossis cov nqaij ua kom pom tseeb dua. Cov txheej txheem no tseem hu ua suav tomography, computer tom tomography, lossis computerized axial tomography.

Tham tomography (CT) scan ntawm lub taub hau thiab caj dab. Tus neeg mob pw ntawm lub rooj uas xaub ntawm CT scanner, uas siv duab xoo hluav taws xob sab hauv ntawm lub taub hau thiab caj dab.

Muaj peb txoj hauv kev uas mob cancer kis hauv lub cev.

Kab mob khees xaws tuaj yeem kis tawm los ntawm cov nqaij mos, cov qog ntshav, thiab ntshav:

• Ntaub so ntswg. Tus kab mob cancer kis los ntawm qhov chaw nws pib kis los ntawm thaj chaw ze.

• Lymph system. Tus mob cancer kis ntawm qhov uas nws pib los ntawm kev nkag rau hauv lymph system. Tus kab mob cancer taug kev los ntawm cov qog ntshav mus rau lwm qhov ntawm lub cev.

• Ntshav. Tus mob cancer kis rau nws los ntawm qhov nws pib los ntawm nkag rau hauv cov ntshav. Tus kabmob khiav tawm hauv cov hlab ntshav mus rau lwm qhov ntawm lub cev.

Mob khees xaws yuav kis tau los ntawm qhov nws pib rau lwm qhov ntawm lub cev.

Thaum mob cancer kis mus rau lwm qhov hauv lub cev, nws hu ua metastasis. Kab mob khees xaws khiav tawm ntawm qhov chaw lawv pib (thawj qog) thiab taug kev hauv cov qog ntshav lossis ntshav.

• Lymph system. Cov qog nqaij hlav nkag mus rau hauv lub lymph system, taug kev hauv cov hlab ntsws, thiab ua cov qog ntshav (metastatic hlav) hauv lwm qhov ntawm lub cev.

• Ntshav. Cov qog ntshav nkag mus rau hauv cov ntshav, taug kev los ntawm cov hlab ntshav, thiab tsim cov qog ntshav (metastatic hlav) hauv lwm qhov chaw ntawm lub cev.

Cov mob metastatic yog tib yam kabmob uas yog thawj cov qog. Piv txwv li, yog hais tias muaj mob qog nqaij hlav salivary kis rau lub ntsws, cov qog nqaij hlav cancer hauv lub ntsws yog qhov ua mob salivary caj pas mob cancer. Tus kabmob yog metastatic salivary gland mob cancer, tsis yog mob ntsws.

Cov theem hauv qab no yog siv rau cov qog nqaij hlav qaub ncaug qog nqaij hlav uas ua rau muaj cov qog nqaij mos ua parotid, submandibular, thiab sublingual:

Qhov ntau thiab tsawg lub qog feem ntau ntsuas hauv centimeters (cm) lossis nti. Cov zaub mov cov khoom noj uas siv tau los qhia cov qog loj hauv cm suav nrog: pea (1 cm), txiv laum huab xeeb (2 cm), txiv hmab (3 cm), txiv ntoo (4 cm), txiv qaub (5 cm lossis 2) ntiv tes), ib lub qe (6 cm), txiv duaj (7 cm), thiab txiv kab ntxwv qaub (10 cm lossis 4 ntiv tes).

Theem 0 (carcinoma hauv situ)

Hauv theem 0, cov hlwb txawv txav tau pom nyob hauv cov roj ntsha ntawm cov txhauv hauv lub plab lossis lub hnab me me uas ua rau cov qaub ncaug qab ntsev. Cov hlwb ua haujlwm tsis zoo no yuav dhau mus ua mob cancer thiab kis mus rau hauv cov nqaij mos uas nyob ze. Theem 0 tseem hu ua carcinoma hauv situ.

Theem Kuv

Hauv theem I, mob qog nqaij hlav tau tsim. Cov qog tsuas yog nyob hauv cov kua qaub ncaug nkaus xwb thiab yog 2 centimeters lossis me dua.

Theem II

Hauv theem II, cov qog tsuas yog nyob hauv cov caj pas qaub ncaug nkaus xwb thiab loj dua 2 centimeters tab sis tsis ntau tshaj 4 centimeters.

Theem III

Hauv Ntu III, ib qho ntawm cov hauv qab no yog qhov tseeb:

• Cov qog loj dua 4 centimeters thiab / lossis mob qog nqaij hlav tau kis mus rau cov nqaij mos uas nyob ib puag ncig ntawm cov qaub ncaug; lossis

• Cov qog yog ib qho loj thiab mob khees xaws yuav kis mus rau cov nqaij mos uas nyob ib ncig ntawm lub qog qab ntsev. Cov kabmob kheesxaws tau kis rau ib lub qog ntawm tib lub taub hau lossis caj dab li ntawm cov qog. Cov qog ntshav 3 cm lossis me dua thiab mob qog nqaij hlav loj hlob tsis tau sab nraud lymph node.

Theem IV

Theem IV tau muab faib ua theem IVA, IVB, thiab IVC raws li hauv qab no:

• Theem IVA:

• Mob kheesxaws tau kis rau daim tawv nqaij, jawbone, pob ntseg pob ntseg, thiab / lossis ntsej muag lub ntsej muag. Kab mob qog yuav kis rau ib lub qog ntawm tib lub taub hau lossis caj dab li cov qog. Cov qog ntshav 3 cm lossis me dua thiab mob qog nqaij hlav loj hlob tsis tau sab nraud lymph node; lossis

• Cov qog yog ib qho loj thiab mob kheesxaws yuav kis mus rau cov nqaij mos uas nyob ib ncig ntawm lub caj pas salivary lossis rau daim tawv nqaij, jawbone, pob ntseg pob ntseg, thiab / lossis cov leeg ntsej muag. Mob Cancer tau kis:

• rau ib lub qog nyob rau tib sab ntawm lub taub hau lossis caj dab li cov qog; cov qog ntshav yog 3 centimeters lossis me dua thiab mob qog nqaij hlav tau loj hlob sab nraum lymph node; lossis

• rau ib lub qog nyob rau tib sab ntawm lub taub hau lossis caj dab li cov qog; lub qog ua haujlwm loj dua 3 centimeters tab sis tsis loj tshaj 6 centimeters thiab mob qog nqaij hlav tsis tau loj hlob sab nraud lymph node; lossis

• rau ntau tshaj ib lub qog nyob ntawm tib sab ntawm lub taub hau lossis caj dab li cov qog; cov qog ntshav ntev li 6 centimeters lossis me dua thiab mob qog nqaij hlav loj hlob tsis tau sab nraum cov qog ntshav; lossis

• rau cov qog ntshav ntawm ob sab ntawm lub taub hau lossis caj dab lossis ntawm ob sab rov qab rau tus qog thawj; cov qog ntshav ntev li 6 centimeters lossis me dua thiab mob qog nqaij hlav loj hlob tsis tau sab nrauv cov qog ntshav.

• Theem IVB:

• Cov qog yog ib qho loj thiab mob kheesxaws yuav kis mus rau cov nqaij mos uas nyob ib ncig ntawm lub caj pas salivary lossis rau daim tawv nqaij, jawbone, pob ntseg pob ntseg, thiab / lossis cov leeg ntsej muag. Mob Cancer tau kis:

• rau ib cov qog ntshav loj dua 6 centimeters thiab mob qog nqaij hlav tsis tau loj hlob sab nraud lymph node; lossis

• rau ib lub qog nyob rau tib sab ntawm lub taub hau lossis caj dab li cov qog; lub qog ua haujlwm loj dua 3 centimeters thiab mob qog nqaij hlav tau loj hlob sab nraud lymph node; lossis

• rau ntau tshaj ib lub qog ntawm tib sab ntawm lub taub hau lossis caj dab li cov qog, ntawm ob sab rov qab rau thawj tus qog, lossis ob sab ntawm lub taub hau lossis caj dab; mob cancer tau loj hlob sab nraud ib qho ntawm cov qog ntshav; lossis

• rau ib lub qog ntawm ib qhov loj ntawm sab ntawm lub taub hau lossis caj dab rov qab rau thawj qog; mob khees-xaws tau loj hlob nyob sab nraud ntawm cov qog ntshav;

lossis

• Mob khees-xaws tau kis mus rau hauv qab pob txha taub hau thiab / lossis ncig ntawm carotid leeg. Kab mob kheesxaws yuav kis mus rau ib lossis ntau dua cov qog ntshav ntawm ib qho loj lossis ob sab ntawm lub taub hau lossis caj dab thiab tej zaum tau loj hlob sab nraud cov qog ntshav.

• Theem IVC:

• Cov kabmob kheesxaws tau kis mus rau lwm qhov ntawm lub cev, xws li lub ntsws.

Cov qog muaj hnub nyoog tsawg dua yog cov sib luag ntawm cov pob txha caj qaum, submandibular, thiab sublingual qog.

Mob qog nqaij hlav qes (qog ua qog rau lub qhov ncauj, qhov ntswg, thiab lub suab nrov) cov qog nqaij hlav yog ua raws li lawv tau tsim ua ntej, xws li lub qhov ncauj tawm ntawm lub qhov ncauj los yog hlab ntshav.

Hauv Kev Rov Ntsig Qog Noj Ntshav Qab Zib

Kev mob qog rov qab ua mob qog noj ntshav yog mob qog noj ntshav (tau rov qab los) tom qab nws kho tau. Kev mob qog noj qab nyob zoo yuav rov qab los hauv lub qog ua kua lossis rau lwm qhov hauv lub cev.

Txoj Kev Kho Mob Cov Tswv Yim

QHOV TSEEM CEEB

• Nws muaj ntau hom kev kho mob rau cov neeg mob uas muaj mob qog nqaij hlav cancer.

• Cov neeg mob uas muaj mob qog nqaij hlav cancer yuav tsum muaj kev kho mob los ntawm ib pab kws kho mob yog cov kws tshaj lij hauv kev kho mob qog taub hau thiab caj dab.

• Peb hom kev kho mob tau siv:

• Kev phais mob

• Kev siv hluav taws xob

• Kws khomob

• Cov hom kev kho mob tshiab tau raug sim hauv qhov kev sim kho mob.

• Radiosensitizers

• Kev kho rau kev mob qog qaub ncaug yuav ua rau muaj kev phiv.

• Cov neeg mob yuav xav txog kev sim kho mob.

• Cov neeg mob tuaj yeem nkag mus kuaj mob ua ntej, sijhawm, lossis tom qab pib kho mob qog noj ntshav.

• Tej zaum yuav tau ua raws li kev ntsuam xyuas.

Nws muaj ntau hom kev kho mob rau cov neeg mob uas muaj mob qog nqaij hlav cancer.

Muaj ntau hom kev kho mob muaj rau cov neeg mob uas muaj mob qog ntshav qab zib. Qee qhov kev kho mob yog tus qauv (cov kev kho mob tam sim no), thiab qee qhov raug sim hauv kev kuaj mob. Ib txoj kev kho mob hauv tsev kho mob yog txoj kev tshawb nrhiav uas pab txhawm rau txhim kho kev kho mob tam sim no lossis tau txais cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev kho mob tshiab rau cov neeg mob cancer. Thaum kuaj pom tias cov kev kho tshiab zoo dua li kev kho mob, cov kev kho mob tshiab tuaj yeem dhau los ua cov qauv kev kho mob. Cov neeg mob yuav xav txog kev sim kho mob. Qee qhov kev sim tshuaj sim tsuas yog qhib rau cov neeg mob uas tsis tau pib kho.

Cov neeg mob uas muaj mob qog nqaij hlav cancer yuav tsum muaj kev kho mob los ntawm ib pab kws kho mob yog cov kws tshaj lij hauv kev kho mob qog taub hau thiab caj dab.

Koj txoj kev kho yuav raug saib xyuas los ntawm tus kws kho mob oncologist, tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb hauv kev kho mob rau cov neeg mob qog noj ntshav. Vim tias cov qog ua kua qaub ncaug pab rau hauv kev noj thiab zom cov zaub mov, cov neeg mob yuav xav tau kev pab tshwj xeeb kho rau cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav thiab nws cov kev kho mob. Kws tshuaj oncologist yuav xa koj mus rau lwm tus kws kho mob uas muaj kev paub dhau los thiab muaj kev paub zoo txog kev kho cov neeg mob qog taub hau thiab caj dab thiab tus kws paub tshwj xeeb hauv qee yam tshuaj. Cov no suav nrog cov hauv qab no:

• Taub hau thiab caj dab.

• Kws phais hluav taws xob oncologist.

• Cov kws kho hniav.

• Hais lus kho mob.

• Kws qhia zaub mov.

• Kws tshuaj sab laj.

• Cov kws tshaj lij fab kev peem tsheej.

• Tus kws phais neeg yas.

Peb hom kev kho mob tau siv:

Kev phais mob

Kev phais mob (tshem tawm cov qog nqaij hlav hauv kev ua haujlwm) yog ib qho kev kho mob feem ntau rau tus mob qog nqaij hlav hauv lub siab. Tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov qog nqaij hlav thiab qee qhov nqaij noj qab haus huv nyob ib ncig ntawm mob cancer. Qee qhov xwm txheej, lymphadenectomy (phais mob uas tshem tawm cov qog ntshav) kuj yuav ua.

Tom qab tus kws kho mob tshem tawm tag nrho cov qog uas tuaj yeem pom thaum lub sijhawm phais, qee tus neeg mob yuav tau txais kev kho hluav taws xob tom qab kev phais txhawm rau tua txhua cov qog nqaij hlav cancer uas tseem tshuav. Kev kho mob tom qab qhov kev phais mob, txhawm rau txo qis kev mob qog noj ntshav yuav rov qab tuaj, hu ua kev kho mob rau tom qab.

Kev siv hluav taws xob

Kev xoo hluav taws xob yog kev kho mob cancer uas siv hluav taws xob xoo hluav taws xob loj lossis lwm yam hluav taws xob tua ntau los tua cov qog nqaij hlav cancer lossis ua kom lawv loj tuaj. Muaj ob txoj kev kho hluav taws xob:

• Kev siv hluav taws xob sab nraud siv lub tshuab sab nraud lub cev xa hluav taws xob mus rau cov kabmob.

Sab nraud-nqaj hluav taws xob kho kho lub taub hau thiab caj dab. Lub tshuab yog siv los txhawm rau siv hluav taws xob ntau ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav cancer. Lub tshuab tuaj yeem tig ib puag ncig ntawm tus neeg mob, xa hluav taws xob los ntawm ntau cov ces kaum los muab kev kho kom zoo tshaj plaws. Lub looj ntsej muag yuav pab ua kom tus neeg mob lub taub hau thiab caj dab tsis txhob txav thaum kev kho mob. Cov mem kua mem me me tau muab tso rau hauv lub npog ncauj. Cov cwj mem mem siv tau siv kab los siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob nyob hauv tib qho chaw ua ntej txhua qhov kev kho mob.

Tshwj xeeb hluav taws xob sab nraud yuav raug siv los kho qee qhov mob qog qaub ncaug. Cov no suav nrog:

• Kev ceev ceev tua hluav taws xob neutron: Kev kho hluav taws xob sai neutron yog ib hom kev siv hluav taws xob sab nraud kho hluav taws xob. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob tua lub hom phiaj neutrons (me me, qhov pom tsis tau) ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav cancer tua lawv. Kev kho hluav taws xob ceev ceev tam sim no siv hluav taws xob ntau dua li xoo hluav taws xob tua hluav taws xob. Qhov no tso cai rau kev kho hluav taws xob rau kev kho mob tsawg dua.

• Kev siv hluav taws xob Photon-beam: Kev kho hluav taws xob Photon-beam yog ib hom kev kho hluav taws xob sab nraud uas ncav cuag cov qog nqaij hlav tob nrog lub zog xoo hluav taws xob uas ua los ntawm lub tshuab hu ua linear accelerator Qhov no tuaj yeem xa tawm raws li hyperfractionated hluav taws xob txoj kev kho, nyob rau hauv uas tag nrho cov koob tshuaj hluav taws xob tau muab faib ua koob tshuaj me me thiab cov kev kho mob tau muab ntau dua ib zaug ib hnub.

• Kev kho hluav taws xob sab hauv yog siv cov tshuaj pleev hluav taws xob kaw hauv cov koob, noob, xov hlau, lossis cov paws menyuam uas tso ncaj qha mus rau lossis ze ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav cancer.

Txoj kev kho hluav taws xob yog muab nyob ntawm seb hom thiab theem ntawm kev kho mob qog noj ntshav. Kev kho hluav taws xob sab nraud yog siv los kho cov mob qog qaub ncaug, thiab nws kuj tseem siv tau los ua cov kev pabcuam palliative los daws cov tsos mob thiab txhim kho lub neej zoo.

Kws khomob

Kev siv tshuaj kho mob yog kev kho mob cancer uas siv cov tshuaj los txwv kev loj hlob ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav cancer, los ntawm kev tua cov qog lossis txwv tsis pub faib. Thaum cov tshuaj tua kab mob noj los ntawm qhov ncauj lossis txhaj rau hauv txoj hlab ntshav lossis leeg, cov tshuaj nkag mus rau cov ntshav thiab tuaj yeem mus txog rau cov qog nqaij hlav ntshav thoob plaws lub cev (kev kho mob tshuaj tua kabmob). Thaum cov kws kho mob tso tshuaj rau ncaj qha mus rau cov kua dej ua kua tshuaj, ib qho khoom hauv nrog cev, lossis lub cev ua kom lub cev muaj xws li lub plab, cov tshuaj feem ntau cuam tshuam rau cov qog nqaij hlav cancer hauv cov chaw ntawd (thaj av tshuaj kho mob). Txoj hauv kev siv tshuaj kho yog muab raws li hom thiab theem ntawm kev kho mob qog noj.

Saib Cov Tshuaj Uas Pom Zoo rau Kab Mob Taub Hau thiab Caj Dab Yog xav paub ntxiv. (Mob salivary caj pas yog hom mob qog taub hau thiab caj dab.)

Cov hom kev kho mob tshiab tau raug sim hauv qhov kev sim kho mob.

Tshooj lus kawg piav txog kev kho mob uas tau kawm hauv kev sim tshuaj. Nws yuav tsis hais txog txhua txoj kev kho tshiab tau kawm. Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev sim kho mob muaj nyob rau ntawm NCI lub vev xaib.

Radiosensitizers

Radiosensitizers yog cov tshuaj uas ua rau cov qog nqaij hlav mus rau txoj kev kho mob hluav taws xob ntau dua. Ua ke nrog kev siv hluav taws xob nrog radiosensitizers yuav tua ntau cov qog hlwb.

Kev kho rau kev mob qog qaub ncaug yuav ua rau muaj kev phiv.

Yog xav paub txog cov kev mob tshwm sim los ntawm kev kho mob qog noj ntshav, saib peb Sab Phiv Rov Qab.

Cov neeg mob yuav xav txog kev sim kho mob.

Txog qee tus neeg mob, koom nrog kev sim kho mob yuav yog txoj kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws. Cov chaw kuaj mob yog ib feem ntawm cov txheej txheem tshawb mob qog noj ntshav. Cov chaw kho mob tau sim ua kom pom tias kev kho mob qog noj ntshav tshiab muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab zoo dua lossis zoo dua cov qauv tshuaj.

Ntau yam ntawm cov qauv kev kho mob qog noj ntshav niaj hnub no yog los ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb kab mob thaum ntxov. Cov neeg mob uas koom nrog kev sim kho mob tuaj yeem tau txais cov qauv kev kho mob lossis ua thawj zaug tau txais kev kho mob tshiab.

Cov neeg mob uas koom nrog kev sim kho mob kuj pab txhim kho txoj kev kho mob qog nqaij hlav yav tom ntej. Txawm hais tias kev sim tshuaj sim tsis ua rau muaj kev kho mob tshiab, lawv feem ntau teb cov lus nug tseem ceeb thiab pab txav kev tshawb fawb tom ntej.

Cov neeg mob tuaj yeem nkag mus kuaj mob ua ntej, sijhawm, lossis tom qab pib kho mob qog noj ntshav.

Qee qhov kev sim tshuaj tsuas yog suav nrog cov neeg mob uas tseem tsis tau txais kev kho mob. Lwm txoj kev sim sim cov kev kho mob rau cov neeg mob uas mob qog noj qab tsis tau zoo dua. Kuj tseem muaj cov kev sim tshuaj kuaj mob uas sim txoj kev tshiab los txwv qog noj ntshav kom tsis txhob mob ntxiv (rov qab los) lossis txo kev phiv los ntawm kev kho mob qog noj.

Cov chaw kuaj mob tau tshwm sim nyob rau ntau lub tebchaws. Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev sim kho mob uas tau txhawb nqa los ntawm NCI tuaj yeem nrhiav pom ntawm NCI cov chaw kuaj mob tshawb nrhiav lub vev xaib. Cov chaw kuaj mob txhawb nqa los ntawm lwm cov koomhaum tuaj yeem nrhiav pom ntawm ClinicalTrials.gov lub vev xaib.

Tej zaum yuav tau ua raws li kev ntsuam xyuas.

Qee qhov kev ntsuas mob uas tau ntsuas los kuaj mob qog noj ntshav lossis kom pom tias theem mob cancer yuav rov qab ua dua. Qee qhov kev ntsuas yuav rov ua qhov qub txhawm rau kom pom tias qhov kev kho mob ua haujlwm li cas. Cov kev txiav txim siab hais txog seb puas yuav txuas ntxiv, hloov, lossis tsum tsis mus kho yuav ua raws cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov kev ntsuas no.

Qee qhov kev sim yuav txuas ntxiv ua ib zaug dhau ib zaug tom qab kho tas. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev sim no tuaj yeem qhia tau yog tias koj tus mob tau hloov lossis yog tias mob qog rov qab (rov qab los). Qee qhov kev ntsuas no qee zaum hu ua kev kuaj mob rov qab lossis mus kuaj mob.

Cov Kev Kho Mob Los Ntawm Ntu

Hauv Tshooj Lus no

• Theem Kuv Salivary caj pas mob Cancer

• Theem II Salivary caj pas mob Cancer

• Theem III Salivary caj pas mob Cancer

• Theem IVA, IVB, thiab IVC Salivary caj pas mob Cancer

Yog xav paub txog cov kev kho mob uas teev rau hauv qab no, saib hauv Cov Lus Qhia Kev Xaiv Kev Xaiv.

Theem Kuv Salivary caj pas mob Cancer

Kev kho mob rau theem I salivary mob qog nqaij hlav nyob ntawm seb tus mob qog qib qis (qeeb qeeb) lossis qib siab (nce ceev).

Yog tias tus mob qes ntshav qes dua, kev kho tuaj yeem suav nrog cov hauv qab no:

• Kev phais mob nrog lossis tsis muaj kev kho hluav taws xob.

• Ceev ceev neutron hluav taws xob kev kho mob.

Yog tias tus mob qog ntshav siab siab, kev kho mob yuav suav nrog cov hauv qab no:

• Kev phais mob nrog lossis tsis muaj kev kho hluav taws xob.

• Kev sim tshuaj ntawm cov kws khomob.

• Kev kuaj mob hauv tsev kho mob tshiab.

Siv peb qhov kev tshawb nrhiav kab mob hauv tsev kho mob kom pom qhov NCI-txhawb nqa kev mob qog nqaij hlav uas pom zoo rau cov neeg mob. Koj tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas cov kev sim raws li hom mob cancer, hnub nyoog ntawm tus neeg mob, thiab qhov chaw uas sim kev sim. Cov ncauj lus dav dav txog kev sim kho mob kuj muaj.

Theem II Salivary caj pas mob Cancer

Kev kho rau theem II salivary mob qog nqaij hlav nyob ntawm seb tus mob qog qib qis (qeeb qeeb) lossis qib siab (nce ceev).

Yog tias tus mob qes ntshav qes dua, kev kho tuaj yeem suav nrog cov hauv qab no:

• Kev phais mob nrog lossis tsis muaj kev kho hluav taws xob.

• Kev siv hluav taws xob.

• Kws khomob.

Yog tias tus mob qog ntshav siab siab, kev kho mob yuav suav nrog cov hauv qab no:

• Kev phais mob nrog lossis tsis muaj kev kho hluav taws xob.

• Ceev ceev neutron lossis photon-nqaj hluav taws xob kev kho mob.

• Kev sim tshuaj mob hluav taws xob thiab / lossis hluav taws xob radiosensitizers.

• Kev sim tshuaj ntawm cov kws khomob.

Siv peb qhov kev tshawb nrhiav kab mob hauv tsev kho mob kom pom qhov NCI-txhawb nqa kev mob qog nqaij hlav uas pom zoo rau cov neeg mob. Koj tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas cov kev sim raws li hom mob cancer, hnub nyoog ntawm tus neeg mob, thiab qhov chaw uas sim kev sim. Cov ncauj lus dav dav txog kev sim kho mob kuj muaj.

Theem III Salivary caj pas mob Cancer

Kev kho rau theem III salivary mob qog nqaij hlav nyob ntawm seb tus mob qog qib qis (nce qeeb) lossis qib siab (nce ceev).

Yog tias tus mob qes ntshav qes dua, kev kho tuaj yeem suav nrog cov hauv qab no:

• Kev phais mob nrog lossis tsis muaj lymphadenectomy. Qhov yuav muab hluav taws xob tua rau tom qab phais tas.

• Kev siv hluav taws xob.

• Ceev ceev neutron hluav taws xob kho rau cov qog ntshav nrog mob qog noj ntshav.

• Kws khomob.

• Kev soj ntsuam kuaj kab mob kev sai ntawm lub hlwb neutron rau lub qog.

• Kev sim tshuaj ntawm cov kws khomob.

Yog tias tus mob qog ntshav siab siab, kev kho mob yuav suav nrog cov hauv qab no:

• Kev phais mob nrog lossis tsis muaj lymphadenectomy. Qhov yuav muab hluav taws xob tua rau tom qab phais tas.

• Ceev ceev neutron hluav taws xob kev kho mob.

• Kev siv hluav taws xob zoo li kev kho mob palliative kom txo cov tsos mob thiab txhim kho lub neej zoo.

• Kev sim tshuaj mob hluav taws xob thiab / lossis hluav taws xob radiosensitizers.

• Kev sim tshuaj ntawm cov kws khomob.

Siv peb qhov kev tshawb nrhiav kab mob hauv tsev kho mob kom pom qhov NCI-txhawb nqa kev mob qog nqaij hlav uas pom zoo rau cov neeg mob. Koj tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas cov kev sim raws li hom mob cancer, hnub nyoog ntawm tus neeg mob, thiab qhov chaw uas sim kev sim. Cov ncauj lus dav dav txog kev sim kho mob kuj muaj.

Theem IVA, IVB, thiab IVC Salivary caj pas mob Cancer

Kev kho mob ntawm theem IVA, theem IVB, thiab theem IVC salivary caj pas mob qog yuav muaj raws li hauv qab no:

• Ceev ceev neutron lossis photon-nqaj hluav taws xob kev kho mob.

• Kev sim tshuaj ntawm cov kws khomob nrog lossis tsis muaj tshuaj tua hluav taws xob.

Siv peb qhov kev tshawb nrhiav kab mob hauv tsev kho mob kom pom qhov NCI-txhawb nqa kev mob qog nqaij hlav uas pom zoo rau cov neeg mob. Koj tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas cov kev sim raws li hom mob cancer, hnub nyoog ntawm tus neeg mob, thiab qhov chaw uas sim kev sim. Cov ncauj lus dav dav txog kev sim kho mob kuj muaj.

Cov Kev Xaiv Kho rau Kev Mob Hlav Ntxhuav Ntshav Tus Kab Mob Khees Xaws

Yog xav paub txog cov kev kho mob uas teev rau hauv qab no, saib hauv Cov Lus Qhia Kev Xaiv Kev Xaiv.

Kev kho mob qog noj qab nyob zoo rau mob caj pas yuav muaj xws li cov hauv qab no:

• Kev siv hluav taws xob.

• Kev kuaj mob hauv kev kho tus mob tshiab.

Siv peb qhov kev tshawb nrhiav kab mob hauv tsev kho mob kom pom qhov NCI-txhawb nqa kev mob qog nqaij hlav uas pom zoo rau cov neeg mob. Koj tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas cov kev sim raws li hom mob cancer, hnub nyoog ntawm tus neeg mob, thiab qhov chaw uas sim kev sim. Cov ncauj lus dav dav txog kev sim kho mob kuj muaj.

Xav Kawm Kom Paub Ntxiv Txog Salivary Gland Cancer

Xav paub ntau ntxiv los ntawm National Cancer Institute txog salivary caj pas mob cancer, saib cov hauv qab no:

• Lub taub hau thiab caj dab mob Cancer Lub Tsev Nplooj Ntawv

• Cov Tshuaj Pom Zoo rau Kab Mob Taub Hau thiab Caj Dab

• Qhov ncauj zoo ntawm cov kws kho mob thiab taub hau / caj dab caj dab

• Taub Hau Thiab Caj Dab

Txog kev qhia txog kabmob kheesxaws thoob plaws thiab lwm yam kev pabcuam los ntawm National Cancer Institute, saib cov hauv qab no:

• Txog Mob Cancer

• Qib

• Kev Siv Tshuaj Kho Mob thiab Koj: Txhawb Rau Cov Neeg Muaj Mob Cancer

• Qhov Kev Mob Hlaws Hluav Taws Xob thiab Koj: Txhawb Rau Cov Neeg Muaj Mob Cancer

• Kev Muaj Mob Cancer

• Cov Lus Nug Yuav Nug Koj Tus Kws Kho Mob txog Kab Mob Cancer

• Rau Cov Muaj Txoj Sia Nyob thiab Cov Saib Xyuas