Hom / menyuam yaus-mob qog nqaij hlav / hp / txawv txawv-tawv nqaij-menyuam-pdq
Tsis Muaj Kab Mob Khees Me Nyuam Kom Menyuam Yaus Kho
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Hais Txog Cov Kab Mob qog Noj Yuav Yooj Yim Menyuam Yaus
Hauv Tshooj Lus no
- Taw qhia
Taw qhia
Kab mob kheesxaws hauv cov menyuam yaus thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas yog qhov tsawg, txawm tias tag nrho cov neeg mob qog hais tias muaj kabmob kheesxaws thaum yau tau maj mam nce zuj zus txij xyoo 1975. Xa mus rau cov tsev kho mob nrog ntau pab pawg ntawm cov kws tshaj lij mob cancer kev paub txog kev kho mob qog nqaij hlav uas tshwm sim thaum menyuam yaus thiab tub ntxhais hluas yuav tsum raug xam rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov hluas nrog mob qog noj ntshav. Txoj kev kawm ntau pab pawg koom nrog kev txawj ntse ntawm tus thawj kws kho mob, kws phais neeg mob, hluav taws xob oncologist, kws kho mob oncologist / hematologist, cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb, cov kws saib xyuas neeg mob, cov neeg ua haujlwm sib raug zoo, thiab lwm tus kom ntseeg tau tias cov menyuam tau txais kev kho mob, pab txhawb nqa, thiab kho kom rov zoo li qub yuav ua tiav qhov kev pom zoo thiab lub neej zoo.
Cov lus qhia rau lub chaw kho mob qog ntshav thiab lawv lub luag haujlwm hauv kev kho mob rau menyuam yaus mob qog ntshav tau pom zoo los ntawm American Academy of Pediatrics. [2] Ntawm cov tsev kho mob qog noj ntshav, kuaj mob muaj rau ntau hom mob cancer uas tshwm sim rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov hluas, thiab muaj sijhawm los koom nrog cov kev sim no muaj rau ntau tus neeg mob thiab lawv tsev neeg. Cov chaw sim tshuaj rau menyuam yaus thiab tub ntxhais hluas uas tau kuaj mob qog noj ntshav feem ntau tsim los piv cov kev kho zoo dua nrog kev kho uas tam sim no lees ua qauv. Feem ntau ntawm kev nce qib hauv kev txheeb xyuas kev kho kab mob rau qog nqaij hlav qog nqaij hlav thaum yau tau tiav los ntawm kev sim hauv tsev kho mob. Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev sim kho mob txuas ntxiv muaj nyob rau hauv NCI lub vev xaib.
Txoj kev txhim kho thoob plaws hauv kev muaj sia tau ua tiav rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov hluas nrog mob qog noj ntshav. Txij xyoo 1975 mus txog 2010, kev muaj mob qog noj ntshav mob thaum yau thwm los txo ntau dua 50%. Cov menyuam yaus uas tseem muaj sia nyob mob qog noj ntshav yuav tsum tau saib xyuas zoo vim tias kev phiv los ntawm kev siv tshuaj tua kabmob yuav mob ntxiv lossis pib ntau hli lossis xyoo dhau los tom qab kho. (Hais txog cov ntsiab lus hais txog Cov Kev Kho Mob Npaws Sij Hawm Rau Menyuam Yaus kom paub ntau ntxiv los ntawm kev tshwm sim, hom, thiab saib xyuas cov kev mob tshwm sim qeeb rau menyuam yaus thiab cov hluas muaj mob kheesxaws.
Kev mob qog noj ntshav thaum yau yog ib tus mob uas tsis tshua muaj, muaj li ntawm 15,000 tus neeg muaj mob txhua xyoo hauv Tebchaws Meskas hauv cov tib neeg muaj hnub nyoog qis dua 20 xyoo. [4] Txoj Cai Asmeskas Tsis Muaj Kab Mob Kab Ke xyoo 2002 txhais tias muaj kab mob tsawg kawg uas yog cuam tshuam rau cov neeg tsawg dua 200,000 tus neeg. Yog li, txhua txoj kev mob qog nqaij hlav hauv lub plab yog qhov tsis tshua muaj.
Kev xaiv cov qog ua haujlwm tsis tshua muaj qauv ntawm cov menyuam yaus thiab pawg laus. Cov qog nqaij hlav rau cov neeg laus uas tsis tshua pom muaj txiaj ntsig yog txhais tau tias yog cov neeg muaj mob txhua xyoo muaj tsawg dua rau tus neeg nyob rau 100,000 tus neeg, thiab kwv yees muaj txog li 24% ntawm tag nrho cov mob cancer kuaj mob hauv European Union thiab kwv yees li 20% ntawm tag nrho cov mob qog nqaij hlav hauv Tebchaws Meskas. . [5,6] Tsis tas li, kev teeb tsa cov qog ntshav tsis yog me nyuam yaus tsis zoo ib yam ntawm cov pab pawg thoob ntiaj teb, raws li hauv qab no:
- Lub koomhaum Italian kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev mob qog nqaij hlav tsis tshua muaj kabmob (Tumori Rari hauv Eta Pediatrica [TREP]) txhais cov kabmob uas tsis tshua muaj kabmob ua ib tus kabmob uas muaj tsawg dua li ob tus kabmob ntawm 1 lab pejxeem toj ib xyoo thiab tsis suav nrog lwm qhov kev sim tshuaj. [7 ]
- Cov Me Nyuam Oncology pab pawg (COG) tau xaiv los txhais cov mob qog nqaij hlav tsis tshua muaj mob zoo li cov uas tau teev nyob rau hauv International Classification of Childhood Cancer subIpis XI, uas suav nrog cov qog nqaij hlav cancer, melanoma thiab nonmelanoma tawv nqaij, thiab ntau hom carcinomas (piv txwv li, adrenocortical carcinoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, thiab cov feem ntau hom neeg laus hom carcinomas xws li mob cancer mis, mob caj dab, thiab lwm yam.) [8] Cov kev kuaj no suav txog kwv yees li 4% ntawm cov kab mob qog nqaij hlav hauv cov menyuam muaj hnub nyoog 0 txog 14 xyoos, piv nrog kwv yees li 20% ntawm cov kab mob qog nqaij hlav hauv cov hluas muaj hnub nyoog 15 txog 19 xyoos (saib Daim Duab 1 thiab 2). [9]
Feem ntau cov qog nqaij hlav hauv pawg neeg XI yog cov mob melanomas lossis qog mob cancer rau lub qog, nrog rau cov kab mob cancer XI feem ntau muaj li ntawm 1,3% ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav rau menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 0 txog 14 xyoos thiab 5.3% ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas hnub nyoog 15 txog 19 xyoos.
Cov qog nqaij hlav tsis tshua muaj mob no muaj kev nyuaj rau kev kawm vim muaj tsawg dua ntawm cov neeg mob nrog rau kev kuaj mob txhua tus, kev muaj peev xwm ua rau cov qog nqaij hlav tsis tshua muaj mob rau cov hluas, thiab tsis muaj kev kuaj mob rau cov hluas uas muaj mob qog nqaij hlav tsawg xws li melanoma.
Qee tus neeg tshawb nrhiav tau siv cov chaw khaws ntaub ntawv loj, xws li Kev Tshawb Nrhiav, Kev Tshaj Tawm, thiab Xaus Ntsuam (SEER) thiab Kev Tshawb Xyuas Kev Mob Cancer Hauv Tebchaws (National Cancer Database), kom nkag siab ntxiv rau cov qog nqaij hlav muaj menyuam yaus tsawg tsawg. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no muaj tsawg. Ntau txoj kev pib los kawm kev mob qog ntshav tsis zoo tau raug tsim los ntawm COG thiab lwm pab pawg neeg nyob thoob ntiaj teb, suav nrog International Society of Pediatric Oncology (Société Internationale D'Oncologie Pédiatrique [SIOP]). Lub Gesellschaft für Pädiatrische Onkologie und Hämatologie (GPOH) cov kab mob qog ua haujlwm tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim hauv tebchaws Yelemees xyoo 2006. [10] Lub TREP raug tsim tawm hauv xyoo 2000, [7] thiab Polish Pediatric Rare Tumor Study Group tau pib xyoo 2002. [11] Hauv Tebchaws Europe, tsis tshua muaj cov kev kawm qog ua haujlwm los ntawm Fabkis, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, Ltalis, Poland, thiab Tebchaws Askiv tau koom nrog European Kev Koom Tes Kawm Pab Pawg Neeg Mob Hlawv Pob Kab Loj (EXPeRT), tsom mus rau kev koom tes thoob ntiaj teb thiab kev tshuaj xyuas txog qee yam mob qog uas tsis tshua paub. [12] Nyob rau hauv COG, kev siv zog tau tsom rau kev nce ntxiv mus rau COG cov ntawv teev npe (Qhov Txheej Txheem Txhua Tus Me Nyuam) thiab cov qog nyiaj hauv tuam txhab, txhim kho cov caj npab soj ntsuam ib leeg, thiab nce kev koom tes nrog cov laus pab pawg sib koom tes sim. [13] Cov kev ua tiav thiab kev nyuaj ntawm qhov kev qhia no tau piav qhia txhua yam. [8,14] thiab nce kev koom tes nrog cov neeg laus pab pawg sib tw. [13] Cov kev ua tiav thiab kev nyuaj ntawm qhov kev qhia no tau piav qhia txhua yam. [8,14] thiab nce kev koom tes nrog cov neeg laus pab pawg sib tw. [13] Cov kev ua tiav thiab kev nyuaj ntawm qhov kev qhia no tau piav qhia txhua yam. [8,14]
Cov qog cov npe sau rau hauv cov ntsiab lus no yog ntau ntau haiv neeg; lawv raug teeb tsa hauv qhov kev txiav txim nqis qis, los ntawm cov qog ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm lub taub hau thiab caj dab mus rau cov qog ntawm cov leeg ntawm urogenital thiab tawv nqaij. Txhua yam mob khees xaws no tsis tshua muaj txaus tias feem ntau cov tsev kho mob feem ntau yuav pom tsawg dua qee leej nyob hauv ob peb xyoos. Feem ntau ntawm cov ntawv sau tseg ntawm no tshwm sim ntau rau cov neeg laus. Cov lus qhia txog cov qog yuav tseem nyob hauv cov chaw uas cuam tshuam rau cov neeg laus uas muaj mob qog noj ntshav.
Pab saib xyuas nws pib-rov ua dua tshiab