Types/brain/patient/child-cns-embryonal-treatment-pdq

Menyuam Lub Nruab Nrab Nruab Nruab Nruab Nruab Nruab Nruab Nruab Nres Kev Mob Hlawv Mob Tawv (TQH) –Patient Version

Cov Ntaub Ntawv Xov Xwm Txog Me Nyuam Me Nruab Nrab Nruab Nrab Txheej Txheem Hlawv Lub Hlwb Pob Tawj

QHOV TSEEM CEEB

• Lub hauv nruab nrab cov hlab hlwb (CNS) hlav qog embryonal tej zaum yuav pib hauv hlwb embryonic (me nyuam hauv plab) uas tseem nyob hauv lub hlwb tom qab yug.

• Nws muaj ntau yam ntawm CNS cov embryonal hlav.

• Pineoblastomas ua rau hauv cov hlwb ntawm lub caj pas pineal.

• Qee yam mob caj ces ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov menyuam yaus CNS hlav ua hlav hlav.

• Cov cim thiab cov tsos mob ntawm tus menyuam thaum CNS embryonal hlav los yog pineoblastomas yog nyob ntawm tus menyuam hnub nyoog thiab qhov twg mob qog.

• Kev ntsuam xyuas uas kuaj xyuas lub hlwb thiab pob txha caj qaum yog siv los kuaj (pom) thaum me nyuam CNS hlav hlav los yog thuvoblastomas.

• Txoj kev kuaj me me yuav ua kom paub tseeb ntawm kev kuaj mob ntawm CNS embryonal hlav lossis pineoblastoma.

• Qee yam cuam tshuam txog kev raug (mob rov qab) thiab txoj kev kho.

Lub hauv nruab nrab cov hlab hlwb (CNS) hlav qog embryonal tej zaum yuav pib hauv hlwb embryonic (me nyuam hauv plab) uas tseem nyob hauv lub hlwb tom qab yug.

Lub hauv nruab nrab cov hlab hlwb (CNS) hlav qog ua npaws tsim hauv hlwb embryonic uas tseem nyob hauv lub hlwb tom qab yug. CNS cov hlav hlav uas hlav hlav tuaj yeem sib kis los ntawm cov kua hlwb cerebrospinal kua (CSF) mus rau lwm qhov ntawm lub hlwb thiab tus txha caj qaum.

Cov qog yuav malignant (mob cancer) lossis benign (tsis yog mob cancer). Feem ntau cov CNS embryonal hlav hauv cov me nyuam yog malignant. Cov hlav hlav muaj hlav ntshav feem ntau yuav hlav sai thiab kis mus rau lwm qhov ntawm lub hlwb. Thaum cov qog loj tuaj rau hauv lossis nias ntawm thaj chaw ntawm lub hlwb, nws yuav nres qhov ntawd ntawm lub hlwb los ntawm kev ua haujlwm raws li nws yuav tsum ua. Benign cov qog hlwb loj hlob thiab nias rau ntawm thaj chaw ze ntawm lub hlwb. Lawv tsis tshua kis mus rau lwm qhov ntawm lub hlwb. Ob qho tib si benign thiab malignant hlav hlav tuaj yeem ua rau cov paib lossis cov tsos mob thiab xav tau kev kho mob.

Txawm hais tias mob kheesxaws tsawg nyob hauv menyuam yaus, cov hlav hlav hlwb yog qhov thib ob feem ntau ntawm cov menyuam yaus mob qog noj ntshav, tom qab muaj ntshav siab. Cov ntsiab lus luv luv no yog hais txog kev kho mob qog ua hlav hauv hlwb (cov qog ntshav uas pib hauv lub hlwb). Kev kho mob ntawm cov qog ntshav metastatic, uas pib ntawm lwm qhov ntawm lub cev thiab kis mus rau lub hlwb, tsis tham txog hauv cov ntawv no. Rau cov ntaub ntawv hais txog ntau hom mob hlwb thiab pob txha caj qaum, saib cov ntsiab lus ntawm Cov Menyuam Yaus Hlwb Hlwb thiab Cov Nqaij Pob Qij Txhuas Kev Kho Mob Cov Lus Qhia Txhua Tus.

Cov hlav hlav hlwb tshwm sim hauv cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus. Kev kho mob rau cov neeg laus yuav txawv ntawm kev kho mob rau menyuam yaus. Saib cov ntsiab lus ntawm Cov Neeg Loj Nruab Nrab Txheej Txheem Loj Lub Pob Ntseg Kho Rau cov lus qhia ntxiv rau kev kho mob ntawm cov neeg laus.

Nws muaj ntau yam ntawm CNS cov embryonal hlav.

Lub cev qog ntawm sab hauv ntawm lub hlwb, uas qhia cov caj pas pineal thiab pituitary, optic hlab ntsha, ventricles (nrog kua cerebrospinal qhia hauv xiav), thiab lwm qhov hauv lub hlwb.

Qhov sib txawv ntawm CNS cov hlav ua embryonal muaj xws li:

Medulloblastomas

Feem ntau cov hlav ntawm CNS embryonal yog medulloblastomas. Medulloblastomas yog cov hlav hlav uas ua kom sai rau cov hlwb hauv lub cerebellum. Lub cerebellum yog nyob rau sab qaum qab ntawm lub hlwb nruab nrab ntawm cerebrum thiab lub hlwb qia. Cerebellum tswj kev txav, sib npaug, thiab kev sawv. Medulloblastomas qee zaum kis rau pob txha, pob txha pob txha, mob ntsws, lossis lwm qhov ntawm lub cev, tab sis qhov no tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim.

Nonmedulloblastoma hlav hlav hlav

Nonmedulloblastoma embryonal hlav yog cov qog loj hlob uas feem ntau ua rau cov hlwb hlwb hauv cerebrum. Lub cerebrum yog nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm lub taub hau thiab yog qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm lub paj hlwb. Cerebrum tswj kev xav, kev kawm, daws teeb meem, lub siab ntsws, hais lus, nyeem ntawv, sau ntawv thiab txav mus los. Kev mob tsis ua hauj lwm ntawm cov leeg ua mob kuj tuaj yeem ua rau hauv cov hlwb pob txha los yog txha caj qaum.

Muaj plaub hom nonmedulloblastoma embryonal hlav:

• Embryonal hlav nrog multilayered rosettes

Cov hlav hlav uas muaj menyuam nrog ntau hom rosettes (ETMR) yog cov qog ua haujlwm uas tsis tshua muaj hlav hauv lub hlwb thiab tus txha caj qaum. ETMR feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov menyuam yaus thiab cov hlav loj hlob sai.

• Medulloepitheliomas

Medulloepitheliomas yog cov qog loj hlob sai uas feem ntau tsim hauv lub hlwb, tus txha caj qaum lossis cov hlab ntsha tsuas yog sab nraum tus txha caj qaum. Cov mob no tshwm sim feem ntau hauv menyuam mos thiab menyuam yaus.

• CNS neuroblastomas

CNS neuroblastomas yog ib qho tsis tshua muaj neuroblastoma uas tshwm sim hauv cov hlab ntaws ntawm cerebrum lossis cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm cov nqaij npog lub hlwb thiab tus txha caj qaum. CNS neuroblastomas tuaj yeem loj thiab kis mus rau lwm qhov ntawm lub hlwb lossis tus txha caj qaum.

• CNS ganglioneuroblastomas

CNS ganglioneuroblastomas yog cov qog ntshav tsis zoo uas ua rau cov hlab hlwb ntawm lub paj hlwb thiab pob txha caj qaum. Lawv yuav ua rau ib thaj chaw thiab muaj kev loj hlob sai lossis tsim nyob hauv ntau thaj chaw thiab maj mam loj hlob.

Me nyuam CNS atypical teratoid / rhabdoid hlav kuj yog ib hom qog embryonal, tab sis nws tau kho txawv dua li lwm cov menyuam yaus CNS embryonal hlav. Saib cov ntsiab lus ntawm Childhood Central Nervous System Atypical Teratoid / Rhabdoid Tumor Kev Kho Mob yog xav paub ntxiv.

Pineoblastomas ua rau hauv cov hlwb ntawm lub caj pas pineal.

Cov caj pas pineal yog ib qho khoom hauv me me hauv plawv lub plawv. Lub caj pas ua rau melatonin, uas yog tshuaj uas pab tswj peb lub voj voog kev pw tsaug zog.

Pineoblastomas tsim nyob rau hauv cov hlwb ntawm lub caj pas pineal thiab feem ntau yog malignant. Pineoblastomas yog cov qog hlav hlav sai nrog cov cell uas zoo li txawv heev ntawm cov qe ntshav muaj puv (pineal gland). Pineoblastomas tsis yog hom CNS embryonal qog tab sis kev kho rau lawv yog ntau yam li kev kho mob rau cov hlav CNS embryonal hlav.

Pineoblastoma tau txuas nrog kev hloov pauv ntawm noob keeb kwm yav dhau los (retinoblastoma) (RB1). Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj daim foos ntawm tus kabmob retinoblastoma (mob qog noj ntau dua li cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm cov tshuaj retina) muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm pineoblastoma. Thaum retinoblastoma tuaj yeem ua ke thaum lub sijhawm ua cov qog ntshav lossis nyob ze rau ntawm lub caj pas pineal, nws yog hu ua trilateral retinoblastoma. MRI (sib nqus cuam tshuam txog kev sim) kev sim hauv cov menyuam yaus uas muaj retinoblastoma tuaj yeem kuaj tus kabmob pineoblastoma thaum ntxov thaum nws tuaj yeem kho tau zoo.

Qee yam mob caj ces ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov menyuam yaus CNS hlav ua hlav hlav.

Txhua yam uas ua rau muaj feem kis tau tus mob yog hu ua kev pheej hmoo. Muaj qhov muaj feem yuav tsis txhais tau tias koj yuav muaj mob qog noj ntshav; tsis muaj yam txaus ntshai tsis txhais tau tias koj yuav tsis muaj mob qog noj ntshav. Tham nrog koj tus menyuam tus kws kho mob yog tias koj xav tias koj tus menyuam raug pheej hmoo.

Cov kev pheej hmoo txaus rau CNS cov hlav hlav ntxig xws li muaj cov kab mob hauv qab no:

• Cov tsos mob ntawm Turcot.

• Rubinstein-Taybi cov tsos mob.

• Nevoid mob cell carcinoma (Gorlin) mob.

• Li-Fraumeni syndrome.

• Fanconi anemia.

Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj qee yam hloov pauv keeb kwm lossis tsev neeg keeb kwm ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav txuas rau kev hloov pauv hauv BRCA caj ces tej zaum yuav raug txiav txim siab tau kuaj cov roj ntsha. Txawm hais tias tsis tshua muaj, qhov no yog los kuaj xyuas seb tus menyuam puas muaj mob nqaij hlav cancer uas ua rau tus menyuam muaj feem phom sij rau lwm yam kabmob lossis hom mob cancer.

Feem ntau, ua rau tus mob CNS embryonal hlav tsis paub.

Cov cim thiab cov tsos mob ntawm tus menyuam thaum CNS embryonal hlav los yog pineoblastomas yog nyob ntawm tus menyuam hnub nyoog thiab qhov twg mob qog.

Cov no thiab lwm yam cim thiab tsos mob tuaj yeem yog vim muaj menyuam yaus CNS cov pob hlav ua pob hlav hauv plab, pineoblastomas, lossis lwm yam mob. Nrog koj tus menyuam tus kws kho mob tham yog tias koj tus menyuam muaj tej yam hauv qab no:

• Poob ntawm kev tshuav, teeb meem taug kev, kev ua phem ntawm tes, lossis hais lus qeeb.

• Tsis muaj kev sib koom tes.

• Mob taub hau, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog sawv ntxov, lossis mob taub hau uas ploj mus tom qab ntuav.

• Ob lub zeem muag lossis lwm qhov teeb meem qhov muag.

• Xeev siab thiab ntuav.

• Kev tsis muaj zog dav lossis tsis muaj zog ntawm ib sab ntawm lub ntsej muag.

• Kev tsaug zog tsis txawv lossis hloov pauv ntawm lub zog.

• Qaug dab peg.

Cov menyuam mos thiab menyuam yaus muaj cov qog no tuaj yeem ua vauv lossis qeeb qeeb. Tsis tas li lawv yuav tsis noj zoo lossis ua tiav cov hom phiaj ntawm kev loj hlob xws li zaum, taug kev, thiab tham hauv kab lus.

Kev ntsuam xyuas uas kuaj xyuas lub hlwb thiab pob txha caj qaum yog siv los kuaj (pom) thaum me nyuam CNS hlav hlav los yog thuvoblastomas.

Cov ntawv xeem thiab txheej txheem hauv qab no yuav raug siv:

• Kev kuaj lub cev thiab keeb kwm: Kev tshuaj xyuas lub cev los kuaj cov cim ntawm kev noj qab haus huv, suav nrog kuaj lub cim ntawm tus kab mob, xws li cov qog lossis lwm yam uas zoo li txawv txawv. Cov keeb kwm ntawm tus neeg mob txoj kev noj qab haus huv thiab cov kab mob yav dhau los thiab kev kho mob tseem yuav raug coj los siv.

• Kev Tshawb Fawb (Neurological): Cov lus nug thiab ntsuas mus tshuaj xyuas lub hlwb, leeg hlwb, thiab lub paj hlwb ua haujlwm. Kev kuaj mob kuaj xyuas tus neeg mob lub siab lub ntsws, kev sib koom tes, thiab kev muaj peev xwm taug kev ib txwm muaj, thiab cov leeg nqaij, qhov zoo thiab tsis ua hauj lwm zoo npaum li cas. Qhov no kuj tseem yuav raug hu ua neuro neuro kuaj lossis qhov ntsuas ntawm neurologic.

• MRI (sib nqus resonance duab) ntawm lub hlwb thiab tus txha caj qaum nrog gadolinium: cov txheej txheem uas siv cov hlau nplaum, xov tooj cua vuam, thiab lub koos pij tawj los ua cov duab ntxaws ntxaws ntawm cov cheeb tsam sab hauv lub hlwb thiab tus txha caj qaum. Cov tshuaj hu ua gadolinium yog txhaj rau hauv cov leeg ntshav. Tus gadolinium sau ib puag ncig cov qog nqaij hlav cancer thiaj li ua rau lawv pom ci ntsa iab hauv daim duab. Tus txheej txheem no tseem hu ua nuclear sib nqus resonance imaging (NMRI). Qee lub sij hawm sib nqus resonance spectroscopy (MRS) tau ua thaum lub sij hawm MRI scan kom saib cov tshuaj hauv lub hlwb cov ntaub so ntswg.

• Lumbar puncture: Tus txheej txheem siv los sau cov kua roj cerebrospinal kua (CSF) los ntawm pob txha caj qaum. Qhov no yog ua los ntawm kev tso ib rab koob ntawm ob lub pob txha txha nraub qaum thiab nkag rau hauv CSF nyob ib ncig ntawm tus txha caj qaum thiab hle qhov hnoos qeev. Qhov piv txwv ntawm CSF raug kuaj hauv qab lub tshuab tsom rau cov cim ntawm qog nqaij hlav. Qhov kuaj kuj tseem yuav raug txheeb xyuas rau qhov nyiaj ntawm cov protein thiab piam thaj. Ib qho ntau dua li cov protein ntau dua lossis qis dua cov piam thaj hauv lub cev yuav ua rau muaj qog ntshav. Qhov txheej txheem no tseem hu ua LP lossis txha caj qaum.

Lumbar puncture. Tus neeg mob pw hauv ib qho chaw curled ntawm lub rooj. Tom qab thaj chaw me me ntawm sab nraub qaum yog numbed, koob koob txha nqaj (ntev dua, nyias koob) tau ntxig rau hauv qhov qis ntawm qhov txha caj qaum kom tshem tawm cov cerebrospinal kua (CSF, qhia hauv xiav). Cov kua dej yuav xa mus rau qhov chaw kuaj sim.

Txoj kev kuaj me me yuav ua kom paub tseeb ntawm kev kuaj mob ntawm CNS embryonal hlav lossis pineoblastoma.

Yog tias cov kws kho mob xav tias koj tus menyuam muaj CNS embryonal hlav lossis pineoblastoma, tuaj yeem kuaj ib qho coj mus kuaj. Rau cov qog hlav hlav, txiav me me yog ua los ntawm kev tshem ib feem ntawm lub pob txha taub hau thiab siv rab koob tshem tawm cov hnoos qeev. Qee zaum, khoos phis tawm-siv rab koob yog siv los tshem tawm cov ntaub so ntswg cov qauv. Tus kws kho mob tawm tswv yim pom cov nqaij hauv qab lub tshuab tsom nrhiav cov qog nqaij hlav cancer. Yog tias pom cov kab mob qog noj ntshav, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov qog ntshav ntau dua kom nyab xeeb thaum muaj kev phais tib yam. Cov pob txha pob txha feem ntau tau muab tso rov qab rau tom qab txheej txheem.

Craniotomy: Qhov qhib yog tsim hauv pob txha taub hau thiab ib ntu pob txha taub hau raug tshem tawm txhawm rau txhawm rau qhia qee feem ntawm lub hlwb.

Cov kev sim hauv qab no tuaj yeem ua rau ntawm qhov hnoos qeev uas raug muab tshem tawm:

• Immunohistochemistry: Kev sim tshuaj uas siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob los tiv thaiv qee yam antigens (ntaus cim) hauv cov qauv ntawm tus neeg mob lub cev. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob feem ntau yog txuas nrog qhov enzyme lossis fluorescent zas. Tom qab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv txuas mus rau ib qho antigen tshwj xeeb hauv cov qauv ntaub so ntswg, cov enzyme lossis zas xim raug qhib, thiab cov antigen tuaj yeem pom hauv qab lub tshuab tsom. Hom kev kuaj ntshav no siv los pab kuaj mob qog nqaij hlav thiab pab qhia ib hom mob cancer los ntawm lwm hom mob cancer.

Qee yam cuam tshuam txog kev raug (mob rov qab) thiab txoj kev kho.

Qhov raug (sij hawm rov qab) thiab txoj kev kho yog nyob ntawm:

• Hom qog thiab qhov twg nws nyob hauv lub hlwb.

• Seb puas yog mob cancer tau kis mus rau hauv lub hlwb thiab tus txha nraub qaum thaum nrhiav pom cov qog.

• Lub hnub nyoog ntawm tus menyuam thaum pom cov qog.

• Cov qog ntau npaum li cas tseem nyob tom qab kev phais mob.

• Txawm hais tias muaj qee yam kev hloov pauv hauv cov chromosomes, noob, lossis hlwb hlwb.

• Txawm hais tias lub qog tsuas nyuam qhuav kuaj lossis tau rov muaj dua (rov qab los).

Qiv Me Nyuam Nruab Nrab Nruab Nruab Nruab Nruab Nruab Nruab Nruab Nruab Nruab Nruab Nruag Cov Pob Tawb

QHOV TSEEM CEEB

• Kev kho mob thaum menyuam loj nruab nrab ntawm cov hlab hlwb (CNS) cov hlav hlav hauv plab thiab pineoblastomas nyob ntawm seb hom qog thiab menyuam hnub nyoog.

• Kev kho mob ntawm medulloblastoma hauv cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 3 xyoos kuj tseem nyob ntawm seb lub qog ua haujlwm nruab nrab lossis siab pheej hmoo.

• Qhov pheej hmoo nruab nrab (menyuam muaj hnub nyoog laus dua 3 xyoos)

• Kev pheej hmoo siab (tus menyuam muaj hnub nyoog laus dua 3 xyoos)

• Cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas thiab cov txheej txheem ua tiav los kuaj (pom) thaum me nyuam CNS embryonal hlav lossis pineoblastomas yog siv los npaj kho mob qog noj ntshav.

Kev kho mob thaum menyuam loj nruab nrab ntawm cov hlab hlwb (CNS) cov hlav hlav hauv plab thiab pineoblastomas nyob ntawm seb hom qog thiab menyuam hnub nyoog.

Cov theem yog txheej txheem siv los tshawb pom muaj ntau npaum li cas cancer yog thiab yog tias mob cancer kis tau. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum paub txog theem kom thiaj li npaj tau kev kho mob.

Tsis muaj ib qho qauv txheej txheem rau cov menyuam yaus nruab nrab lub paj hlwb (CNS) cov hlav hlav hauv lub cev thiab cov hlab ntsws plab. Hloov chaw, kev kho mob mas nyob ntawm hom mob qog thiab tus menyuam muaj hnub nyoog (3 xyoos thiab hluas dua lossis laus dua 3 xyoos).

Kev kho mob ntawm medulloblastoma hauv cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 3 xyoos kuj tseem nyob ntawm seb lub qog ua haujlwm nruab nrab lossis siab pheej hmoo.

Qhov pheej hmoo nruab nrab (menyuam muaj hnub nyoog laus dua 3 xyoos)

Medulloblastomas hu ua kev pheej hmoo nruab nrab thaum tag nrho cov hauv qab no yog qhov tseeb:

• Cov qog ntawd tau raug tshem tawm tag nrho los ntawm kev phais mob lossis tsuas tshuav ib qho me me xwb.

• Cov kabmob tsis kis mus rau lwm qhov ntawm lub cev.

Kev pheej hmoo siab (tus menyuam muaj hnub nyoog laus dua 3 xyoos)

Medulloblastomas hu ua kev pheej hmoo siab yog tias muaj qee yam hauv qab no yog qhov tseeb:

• Qee cov qog ntawd tsis raug tshem tawm los ntawm kev phais mob.

• Tus kabmob tau kis mus rau lwm qhov ntawm lub hlwb lossis tus txha caj qaum lossis mus rau lwm qhov ntawm lub cev.

Feem ntau, mob cancer feem ntau yuav rov mob dua (rov qab los) hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj lub qog ua hlav.

Cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas thiab cov txheej txheem ua tiav los kuaj (pom) thaum me nyuam CNS embryonal hlav lossis pineoblastomas yog siv los npaj kho mob qog noj ntshav.

Qee qhov kev ntsuam xyuas tau siv coj los kuaj pom cov menyuam yaus ntawm CNS embryonal hlav lossis pineoblastomas tau rov ua dua tom qab kev phais kom tshem tawm cov qog. (Saib nqe Lus Qhia dav dav.) Qhov no yog txhawm rau paub tias muaj qog ntau npaum li cas tom qab phais mob.

Lwm yam kev kuaj mob thiab txheej txheem kuj yuav ua kom paub seb puas muaj mob cancer kis:

• Mob pob txha rau txoj kev cia siab thiab kuaj me me: Tshem tawm cov pob txha pob txha, ntshav, thiab ib qho me me ntawm pob txha los ntawm ntxig rab koob hollow rau hauv lub duav lossis lub qog. Tus kws kho mob hais txog pob txha caj qaum, ntshav, thiab pob txha hauv qab lub tsom seb puas pom mob cancer. Kev xav thiab hloov pob txha tsuas yog ua thaum muaj cov cim tias tus kabmob tau kis mus rau cov hlwb pob txha.

Nqaij pob txha txhaws thiab nqus xyoob. Tom qab qhov chaw me me ntawm daim tawv nqaij loog, xoos pob txha pob txha tau tso rau hauv tus menyuam pob txha pob txha. Cov hnoos qeev ntshav, pob txha, thiab pob txha pob txha tau raug tshem tawm mus kuaj hauv lub tshuab tsom.

• Nqaij pob txha mos: cov txheej txheem los kuaj xyuas yog tias muaj cov hlwb faib sai sai, xws li mob hlwb, hauv cov pob txha. Qhov tsawg tsawg ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yog txhaj rau hauv cov hlab ntsha thiab ncig ntawm cov ntshav. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob khaws cia hauv cov pob txha nrog mob qog noj ntshav thiab tau kuaj pom los ntawm ib qho luam theej duab. Kev kuaj pob txha tsuas yog ua thaum muaj tus cim lossis cov tsos mob uas tus kabmob tau kis mus rau pob txha.

• Lumbar puncture: Tus txheej txheem siv los sau cov kua roj cerebrospinal kua (CSF) los ntawm pob txha caj qaum. Qhov no yog ua los ntawm kev tso ib rab koob ntawm ob lub pob txha txha nraub qaum thiab nkag rau hauv CSF nyob ib ncig ntawm tus txha caj qaum thiab hle qhov hnoos qeev. Qhov piv txwv ntawm CSF raug kuaj hauv qab lub tshuab tsom rau cov cim ntawm qog nqaij hlav. Qhov kuaj kuj tseem yuav raug txheeb xyuas rau qhov nyiaj ntawm cov protein thiab piam thaj. Ib qho ntau dua li cov protein ntau dua lossis qis dua cov piam thaj hauv lub cev yuav ua rau muaj qog ntshav. Qhov txheej txheem no tseem hu ua LP lossis txha caj qaum.

Qhov Kev Rov Ua Me Nyuam Me Lub Nruab Nrab Nruab Nrab Txheej Txheem Lub Tawv Hlua Mob

Qhov mob tshwm sim menyuam thaum nruab nrab (CNS) lub qog embryonal yog cov qog uas rov ua dua (rov qab los) tom qab tau kho. Cov menyuam yaus uas xeeb tub CNS feem ntau tshwm sim li 3 xyoos tom qab kho tas tab sis kuj yuav rov qab los ntau xyoo tom qab. Cov menyuam hlav ua paug thaum sawv rov qab los CNS tej zaum yuav rov qab los qhov qub chaw qub thiab / lossis nyob rau lwm qhov chaw ntawm lub hlwb lossis tus txha nqaj qaum. CNS cov hlav uas tsis muaj hlav kuj tsis kis rau lwm qhov ntawm lub cev.

Siv peb qhov kev tshawb nrhiav kab mob hauv tsev kho mob kom pom qhov NCI-txhawb nqa kev mob qog nqaij hlav uas pom zoo rau cov neeg mob. Koj tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas cov kev sim raws li hom mob cancer, hnub nyoog ntawm tus neeg mob, thiab qhov chaw uas sim kev sim. Cov ncauj lus dav dav txog kev sim kho mob kuj muaj.

Txoj Kev Kho Mob Cov Tswv Yim

QHOV TSEEM CEEB

• Muaj ntau ntau hom kev kho mob rau cov menyuam yaus uas muaj cov hlab hlwb hauv nruab nrab (CNS) hlav hlav hlav hlav.

• Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj CNS cov hlav qog nqaij yuav tsum tau npaj kho lawv tus kheej los ntawm pab pawg kws saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv uas yog cov kws tshaj lij hauv kev kho cov qog hlwb hauv cov menyuam yaus.

• Cov qog ntawm lub hlwb thaum yau yuav ua rau cov cim lossis cov tsos mob uas pib ua ntej kuaj mob qog ntshav thiab tau txuas ntxiv rau lub hlis lossis xyoo.

• Kev kho mob rau cov menyuam yaus nruab nrab lub paj hlwb cov hlav hlav hauv plab tuaj yeem ua rau phiv.

• Tsib hom kev kho mob raug siv:

• Kev phais mob

• Kev siv hluav taws xob

• Kws khomob

• High-koob tshuaj kho mob nrog qia cell cawm

• Cov hom phiaj kho

• Cov hom kev kho mob tshiab tau raug sim hauv qhov kev sim kho mob.

• Cov neeg mob yuav xav txog kev sim kho mob.

• Cov neeg mob tuaj yeem nkag mus kuaj mob ua ntej, sijhawm, lossis tom qab pib kho mob qog noj ntshav.

• Tej zaum yuav tau ua raws li kev ntsuam xyuas.

Muaj ntau ntau hom kev kho mob rau cov menyuam yaus uas muaj cov hlab hlwb hauv nruab nrab (CNS) hlav hlav hlav hlav.

Kev kho mob sib txawv muaj rau cov menyuam yaus muaj lub hauv nruab nrog hlab hlwb (CNS) hlav hlav ua embryonal. Qee qhov kev kho mob yog tus qauv (cov kev kho mob tam sim no), thiab qee qhov raug sim hauv kev kuaj mob. Ib txoj kev kho mob hauv tsev kho mob yog txoj kev tshawb nrhiav uas pab txhawm rau txhim kho kev kho mob tam sim no lossis tau txais cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev kho mob tshiab rau cov neeg mob cancer. Thaum kuaj pom tias cov kev kho tshiab zoo dua li kev kho mob, cov kev kho mob tshiab tuaj yeem dhau los ua cov qauv kev kho mob.

Vim tias mob qog noj ntshav rau menyuam yaus yog muaj tsawg, kev koom nrog kev sim tshuaj yuav tsum tau coj los xav. Qee qhov kev sim tshuaj sim tsuas yog qhib rau cov neeg mob uas tsis tau pib kho.

Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj CNS cov hlav qog nqaij yuav tsum tau npaj kho lawv tus kheej los ntawm pab pawg kws saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv uas yog cov kws tshaj lij hauv kev kho cov qog hlwb hauv cov menyuam yaus.

Kev kho yuav raug saib xyuas los ntawm tus kws kho menyuam yaus, kws kho mob tshwj xeeb hauv kev kho menyuam yaus mob qog noj ntshav. Tus kws kho menyuam yaus ua haujlwm nrog lwm tus kws saib xyuas menyuam yaus kev txawj ntse uas yog tus kws tshaj lij hauv kev kho cov menyuam yaus mob hlwb thiab tus kws tshaj lij ntawm qee thaj chaw tshuaj. Cov no yuav suav nrog cov kws tshwj xeeb hauv qab no:

• Kws kho mob hlwb.

• Neurosurgeon.

• Neurologist.

• Tus Tshuaj Neuropathologist.

• Neuroradiologist.

• Cov kws tshaj lij fab kev peem tsheej.

• Kws phais hluav taws xob oncologist.

• Kws tshuaj sab laj.

Cov qog ntawm lub hlwb thaum yau yuav ua rau cov cim lossis cov tsos mob uas pib ua ntej kuaj mob qog ntshav thiab tau txuas ntxiv rau lub hlis lossis xyoo.

Cov cim lossis cov tsos mob tshwm sim los ntawm lub qog yuav pib ua ntej kuaj mob qog ntshav thiab tau txuas ntxiv rau lub hlis lossis xyoo. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tham nrog koj tus menyuam tus kws kho mob txog cov cim lossis cov tsos mob tshwm sim los ntawm cov qog uas yuav txuas ntxiv tom qab kho tas.

Kev kho mob rau cov menyuam yaus nruab nrab lub paj hlwb cov hlav hlav hauv plab tuaj yeem ua rau phiv.

Yog xav paub txog cov kev mob tshwm sim uas pib thaum kho mob cancer, mus saib peb Nplooj Ntawv Sab Npab.

Cov kev mob tshwm sim los ntawm kev kho mob cancer uas pib tom qab kho thiab txuas ntxiv rau lub hlis lossis xyoo yog hu ua kev mob lig. Kev lig dhau los ntawm kev kho mob cancer tej zaum yuav muaj cov hauv qab no:

• Lub cev muaj teeb meem.

• Hloov pauv hauv txoj kev xav, kev xav, kev xav, kev kawm, lossis kev nco.

• Kab mob qog zaum ob (hom qog nqaij hlav tshiab).

Cov menyuam yaus uas kuaj pom tias muaj medulloblastoma tej zaum yuav muaj qee yam teeb meem tom qab kev phais mob lossis hluav taws xob kev kho mob xws li kev hloov pauv lub peev xwm kev xav, kawm thiab mloog zoo. Tsis tas li, cerebellar mutism syndrome yuav tshwm sim tom qab kev phais mob. Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob no suav nrog cov hauv qab no:

• Ncua kev muaj peev xwm mus hais tau.

• Teeb meem nqos thiab noj mov.

• Poob ntawm kev tshuav nyiaj li cas, teeb meem taug kev, thiab kev ua phem ntawm tes.

• Poob rau cov leeg mob.

• Mus ob peb vas hloov thiab hloov pauv ntawm tus kheej.

Qee qhov cuam tshuam tom qab tuaj yeem kho lossis tswj tau. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb nrog kws kho mob tham nrog koj tus menyuam tus kws kho mob hais txog cov kev kho mob cancer yuav muaj rau koj tus menyuam. (Saib cov ntsiab lus hais txog Cov Kev Kho Mob Npaws Sij Hawm Rau Kev Mob Hlwb Me Nyuam Me kom paub ntau ntxiv).

Tsib hom kev kho mob raug siv:

Kev phais mob

Kev phais mob yog siv rau kev kuaj mob thiab kho me nyuam yaus CNS embryonal hlav raws li tau piav qhia hauv Cov Lus Qhia Dav Dav ntawm tsab ntawv no.

Tom qab tus kws kho mob tshem tawm tag nrho cov qog ntshav uas tuaj yeem pom lub sijhawm phais mob, qee tus neeg mob yuav raug muab tshuaj kho mob, kho hluav taws xob, lossis ob qho tib si tom qab kev phais txhawm rau tua txhua cov kab mob cancer uas tseem tshuav. Kev kho mob tom qab qhov kev phais mob, txhawm rau txo qis kev mob qog noj ntshav yuav rov qab tuaj, hu ua kev kho mob rau tom qab.

Kev siv hluav taws xob

Kev xoo hluav taws xob yog kev kho mob cancer uas siv hluav taws xob xoo hluav taws xob loj lossis lwm yam hluav taws xob tua ntau los tua cov qog nqaij hlav cancer lossis ua kom lawv loj tuaj. Muaj ob txoj kev kho hluav taws xob:

• Kev siv hluav taws xob sab nraud siv lub tshuab sab nraud lub cev xa hluav taws xob mus rau cov kabmob. Qee txoj hauv kev los muab kev ntsuas hluav taws xob tuaj yeem pab ua kom hluav taws xob txhawm rau ua kom cov nqaij mos noj qab haus huv nyob ze. Cov hluav taws xob kev kho mob suav nrog cov hauv qab no:

• Kev Kho Hluav Taws Xob (Conformal radiation therapy): Kev Kho Hluav Taws Xob (Conformal radiation therapy) yog ib hom kev kho hluav taws xob sab nraud uas siv lub khoos phis tawm los ua lub ntsej muag 3 daim duab (3-D) ntawm cov qog thiab ua cov duab hluav taws xob rau cov qog kom haum cov qog. Qhov no tso cai rau cov hluav taws xob ntau heev mus cuag cov qog thiab ua rau tsawg dua kev puas tsuaj rau cov ntaub so ntswg noj qab haus huv nyob ze.

• Txoj kev kho hluav taws xob (Stereotactic radiation therapy): Kev kho suab hluav taws xob yog hom kev kho hluav taws xob sab nraud. Lub taub hau nruj ua ke txuas nrog rau cov pob txha taub hau kom lub taub hau tseem nyob thaum kho hluav taws xob. Lub tshuab siv hluav taws xob ncaj qha rau cov qog, ua rau tsawg dua kev puas tsuaj rau cov nqaij mos noj qab haus huv nyob ze. Qhov hno tag nrho ntawm cov hluav taws xob tau muab faib ua ob peb qho tshuaj me me dhau ob peb hnub. Cov txheej txheem no tseem hu ua stereotactic sab nraud-nqaj hluav taws xob kev kho thiab kev kho stereotaxic hluav taws xob.

• Kev kho hluav taws xob sab hauv yog siv cov tshuaj pleev hluav taws xob kaw hauv cov koob, noob, xov hlau, lossis cov paws menyuam uas tso ncaj qha mus rau lossis ze ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav cancer.

Kev ntsuas hluav taws xob rau lub hlwb yuav cuam tshuam kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob hauv cov menyuam yaus. Vim li no, kev sim kho mob soj ntsuam tau kawm cov kev tshiab ntawm kev muab hluav taws xob uas muaj cov kev phiv tsawg dua li cov qauv txheem.

Txoj hauv kev siv hluav taws xob kho yog muab nyob ntawm hom mob qog ntshav kho. Kev kho hluav taws xob sab nraud yog siv los kho thaum hlav CNS embryonal hlav.

Vim hais tias kev siv tshuaj tua hluav taws xob tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev loj hlob thiab lub hlwb kev loj hlob ntawm cov menyuam yaus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov menyuam yaus uas muaj hnub nyoog peb xyoos lossis hluas dua, kev siv tshuaj kho mob yuav raug ncua sijhawm lossis txo qis qhov xav tau kev kho mob hluav taws xob.

Kws khomob

Kev siv tshuaj kho mob yog kev kho mob cancer uas siv cov tshuaj los txwv kev loj hlob ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav cancer, los ntawm kev tua cov qog lossis txwv tsis pub faib. Thaum cov tshuaj tua kab mob noj los ntawm qhov ncauj lossis txhaj rau hauv txoj hlab ntshav lossis leeg, cov tshuaj nkag mus rau cov ntshav thiab tuaj yeem mus txog rau cov qog nqaij hlav ntshav thoob plaws lub cev (kev kho mob tshuaj thev naus laus zis). Thaum cov kws kho mob tso tshuaj rau ncaj qha mus rau cov kua dej ua kua tshuaj, ib qho khoom hauv nrog cev, lossis lub cev ua kom lub cev muaj xws li lub plab, cov tshuaj feem ntau cuam tshuam rau cov qog nqaij hlav cancer hauv cov chaw ntawd (thaj av tshuaj kho mob). Kev siv tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke yog kev kho mob siv ntau dua ib qho tshuaj anticancer. Txoj hauv kev siv tshuaj khomob yog muab raws li hom tshuaj khomob kho.

Cov tshuaj anticancer ib txwm muab los ntawm qhov ncauj lossis txoj hlab ntshav los kho cov hlav hlav hauv lub paj hlwb loj tuaj yeem hla tsis tau cov ntshav ntawm lub hlwb thiab nkag mus rau cov kua dej uas nyob ib ncig ntawm lub hlwb thiab tus txha caj qaum. Hloov chaw, cov tshuaj anticancer tau txhaj rau qhov chaw muaj kua dej los tua cov qog nqaij hlav cancer uas yuav kis tau mus rau ntawd. Qhov no yog hu ua kev kho mob ib leeg lossis ib txoj kev tu tshuaj.

Intrathecal kev siv tshuaj kho mob. Cov tshuaj anticancer tau txhaj rau hauv qhov chaw intrathecal, uas yog qhov chaw khaws cov tshuaj cerebrospinal kua (CSF, qhia xiav). Muaj ob txoj hauv kev los ua qhov no. Ib txoj kev, qhia nyob rau sab kawg nkaus ntawm daim duab, yog txhaj cov tshuaj mus rau hauv Ommaya lub taub dej (lub thawv uas muaj cov dome uas tau tso rau hauv tawv taub hau thaum phais mob; nws tuav cov tshuaj thaum lawv ntws los ntawm lub raj me me rau hauv lub hlwb. )). Lwm txoj kev, qhia nyob rau hauv qab seem ntawm daim duab, yog kom txhaj cov tshuaj ncaj qha rau hauv CSF hauv ntu qis ntawm pob txha caj qaum, tom qab thaj chaw me me ntawm sab nraub qaum yog loog.

High-koob tshuaj kho mob nrog qia cell cawm

Kev txhaj tshuaj siab ntau yog muab rau tua cov qog nqaij hlav cancer. Cov kab mob noj qab haus huv, suav nrog cov qe tsim cov ntshav, kuj raug rhuav tshem los ntawm kev kho mob qog noj ntshav. Kev hloov ntawm qia yog kev kho mob los hloov cov qe tsim cov qe ntshav. Cov qia hlwb (cov qe ntshav tsis txaus) raug tshem tawm los ntawm cov ntshav lossis pob txha mob ntawm tus neeg mob lossis tus neeg pub ntshav thiab raug khov thiab khaws cia. Tom qab tus neeg mob ua tiav kev kho mob tshuaj, cov qia hlwb raug thaws thiab muab rov qab rau tus neeg mob los ntawm kev hla tshuaj. Cov qog ntshav qog ua kom loj hlob mus rau (thiab txum tim) lub cev cov ntshav.

Cov hom phiaj kho

Hom phiaj kho yog ib hom kev kho mob uas siv tshuaj lossis lwm yam tshuaj los tua cov qog noj ntshav. Cov hom phiaj kho feem ntau ua rau tsis muaj kev phom sij rau cov hlwb ib txwm dua li kev kho tshuaj lossis hluav taws xob kho.

Teeb liab transduction inhibitors yog ib hom kev tsom lub hom phiaj siv los kho kev kho mob rov qab los ua ke. Cov teeb liab transhibition inhibitors thaiv cov cim uas tau dhau los ntawm ib lub lwg me mus rau lwm qhov hauv lub cell. Thaiv cov phiajcim no yuav tua tau cov kabmob kheesxaws. Vismodegib yog ib hom teeb liab transduction inhibitor.

Kev kho hom phiaj tseem tab tom tau kawm txog kev kho mob thaum menyuam CNS hlav hlav uas tau tshwm sim (rov muaj dua)

Cov hom kev kho mob tshiab tau raug sim hauv qhov kev sim kho mob.

Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev sim kho mob muaj nyob rau ntawm NCI lub vev xaib.

Cov neeg mob yuav xav txog kev sim kho mob.

Txog qee tus neeg mob, koom nrog kev sim kho mob yuav yog txoj kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws. Cov chaw kuaj mob yog ib feem ntawm cov txheej txheem tshawb mob qog noj ntshav. Cov chaw kho mob tau sim ua kom pom tias kev kho mob qog noj ntshav tshiab muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab zoo dua lossis zoo dua cov qauv tshuaj.

Ntau yam ntawm cov qauv kev kho mob qog noj ntshav niaj hnub no yog los ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb kab mob thaum ntxov. Cov neeg mob uas koom nrog kev sim kho mob tuaj yeem tau txais cov qauv kev kho mob lossis ua thawj zaug tau txais kev kho mob tshiab.

Cov neeg mob uas koom nrog kev sim kho mob kuj pab txhim kho txoj kev kho mob qog nqaij hlav yav tom ntej. Txawm hais tias kev sim tshuaj sim tsis ua rau muaj kev kho mob tshiab, lawv feem ntau teb cov lus nug tseem ceeb thiab pab txav kev tshawb fawb tom ntej.

Cov neeg mob tuaj yeem nkag mus kuaj mob ua ntej, sijhawm, lossis tom qab pib kho mob qog noj ntshav.

Qee qhov kev sim tshuaj tsuas yog suav nrog cov neeg mob uas tseem tsis tau txais kev kho mob. Lwm txoj kev sim sim cov kev kho mob rau cov neeg mob uas mob qog noj qab tsis tau zoo dua. Kuj tseem muaj cov kev sim tshuaj kuaj mob uas sim txoj kev tshiab los txwv qog noj ntshav kom tsis txhob mob ntxiv (rov qab los) lossis txo kev phiv los ntawm kev kho mob qog noj.

Cov chaw kuaj mob tau tshwm sim nyob rau ntau lub tebchaws. Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev sim kho mob uas tau txhawb nqa los ntawm NCI tuaj yeem nrhiav pom ntawm NCI cov chaw kuaj mob tshawb nrhiav lub vev xaib. Cov chaw kuaj mob txhawb nqa los ntawm lwm cov koomhaum tuaj yeem nrhiav pom ntawm ClinicalTrials.gov lub vev xaib.

Tej zaum yuav tau ua raws li kev ntsuam xyuas.

Qee qhov kev ntsuas mob uas tau ntsuas los kuaj mob qog noj ntshav lossis kom pom tias theem mob cancer yuav rov qab ua dua. (Saib Tshooj Lus Qhia dav dav rau cov npe ntawm cov ntawv kuaj.) Qee qhov kev sim yuav rov ua dua kom pom tias qhov kev kho mob ua haujlwm tau zoo npaum li cas. Cov kev txiav txim siab hais txog seb puas yuav txuas ntxiv, hloov, lossis tsum tsis mus kho yuav ua raws cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov kev ntsuas no. Qhov no qee zaum hu ua re-staging.

Qee qhov kev ntsuam xyuas cov duab yuav tseem ua ib ntus dhau ib ntus tom qab kho tas. Cov tshwm sim ntawm cov kev sim no tuaj yeem qhia tau yog tias koj tus menyuam tus mob tau hloov lossis yog tias cov qog ntshav hlwb tau rov muaj dua (rov qab los). Yog tias kev ntsuam xyuas pom pom cov leeg nqaij hauv lub hlwb txawv txav, kuj yuav ua ib qho kev kuaj me me kom paub seb cov nqaij puas ua los ntawm cov qog hlwb tuag lossis yog tias cov qog ntshav hlav tshiab. Qee qhov kev ntsuas no qee zaum hu ua kev kuaj mob rov qab lossis mus kuaj mob.

Cov Txheej Txheem Kho Rau Cov Menyuam Me Nruab Nrab Nruab Nrab Txheej Txheem Hlawv Lub Hlwb Pob Tawb thiab Menyuam yaus Pineoblastoma

Hauv Tshooj Lus no

• Cov Ntseeg Tshiab Tuaj Kuaj Me Nyuam Me Medulloblastoma

• Cov Cuam Tshuam Tshiab Menyuam Yaus Tsis Kuaj Cov Menyuam Tsis Muaj Cov Menyuam Mob Qog Pob Tawb

• Cov Koob Tshuaj Ntsuam Xyuas Thaum Menyuam Yaus Me Me Lub Taub Hau Dag Nrog Multilayered Rosettes lossis Medulloepithelioma

• Tshiab Paub Kiag Me Nyuam Pineoblastoma

• Cov Kev Rov Ntsuas Me Nyuam Me Nruab Nrab Nruab Nrab Txheej Txheem Lub Tawv Hlua thiab Pineoblastomas

Yog xav paub txog cov kev kho mob uas teev rau hauv qab no, saib hauv Cov Lus Qhia Kev Xaiv Kev Xaiv.

Cov Ntseeg Tshiab Tuaj Kuaj Me Nyuam Me Medulloblastoma

Hauv cov menyuam yaus nyuam qhuav nyuam qhuav soj ntsuam me nyuam yaus medulloblastoma, lub qog nws tus kheej tsis tau kho. Tej zaum tus menyuam yuav tau txais tshuaj lossis kho mob kom txo cov cim lossis cov tsos mob tshwm sim los ntawm cov qog.

Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog laus dua 3 xyoos nrog qhov pheej hmoo pheej hmoo yuav ua mob medulloblastoma

Kev kho cov qauv ntawm nruab nrab-kev pheej hmoo medulloblastoma hauv cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 3 xyoos suav nrog cov hauv qab no:

• Kev phais tawm kom tshem tawm cov qog ntau li ntau tau. Qhov no yog ua raws hluav taws xob kho mus rau lub hlwb thiab tus txha caj qaum. Kev zuaj hluav taws xob kuj tseem muab rau lub sijhawm thiab tom qab siv hluav taws xob.

• Kev phais tawm mus tshem tawm cov qog, kev kho hluav taws xob, thiab kev siv tshuaj kho mob ntau dua nrog kev tiv thaiv qia ua haujlwm.

Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog laus dua 3 xyoos nrog tus kabmob muaj feem ua rau muaj qhov muaj feem ua rau mob hlwb

Kev kho tus qauv ntawm kev pheej hmoo siab medulloblastoma hauv cov menyuam hnub nyoog qis dua 3 xyoos suav nrog cov hauv qab no:

• Kev phais tawm kom tshem tawm cov qog ntau li ntau tau. Qhov no yog ua raws los ntawm kev siv tshuaj ntau dua rau kev kho hluav taws xob rau lub hlwb thiab tus txha caj qaum dua li cov koob tshuaj tau muab rau nruab nrab-kev pheej hmoo mob nruab nrab. Kev zuaj hluav taws xob kuj tseem muab rau lub sijhawm thiab tom qab siv hluav taws xob.

• Kev phais tawm mus tshem tawm cov qog, kev kho hluav taws xob, thiab kev siv tshuaj kho mob ntau dua nrog kev tiv thaiv qia ua haujlwm.

• Kev sim tshuaj ntsuab ntawm cov kev sib txuas ua ke tshiab ntawm kev kho hluav taws xob thiab kev siv tshuaj kho mob.

Cov menyuam muaj hnub nyoog 3 xyoos thiab hluas dua

Kev kho tus qauv ntawm medulloblastoma hauv cov menyuam hnub nyoog 3 xyoos thiab yau dua yog:

• Kev phais tawm kom tshem tawm cov qog ntau li ntau tau, tom qab ntawd ua cov kws kho mob.

Lwm txoj kev kho mob uas yuav raug muab tom qab kev phais mob suav nrog cov hauv qab no:

• Kev siv tshuaj kho mob nrog lossis tsis siv tshuaj tua hluav taws xob rau thaj chaw uas cov qog raug tshem tawm.

• High-koob tshuaj kho mob nrog qia cell cawm.

Siv peb qhov kev tshawb nrhiav kab mob hauv tsev kho mob kom pom qhov NCI-txhawb nqa kev mob qog nqaij hlav uas pom zoo rau cov neeg mob. Koj tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas cov kev sim raws li hom mob cancer, hnub nyoog ntawm tus neeg mob, thiab qhov chaw uas sim kev sim. Cov ncauj lus dav dav txog kev sim kho mob kuj muaj.

Cov Cuam Tshuam Tshiab Menyuam Yaus Tsis Kuaj Cov Menyuam Tsis Muaj Cov Menyuam Mob Qog Pob Tawb

Hauv cov kab mob tshiab nyuam qhuav pib mob nonmedulloblastoma embryonal hlav, lub qog nws tus kheej tsis tau kho. Tus menyuam yuav tau txais tshuaj lossis kho mob kom txo cov tsos mob los ntawm cov qog ntshav.

Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog laus dua 3 xyoos

Kev kho tus qauv ntawm nonmedulloblastoma embryonal hlav hauv cov menyuam laus dua 3 xyoos yog:

• Kev phais tawm kom tshem tawm cov qog ntau li ntau tau. Qhov no yog ua raws hluav taws xob kho mus rau lub hlwb thiab tus txha caj qaum. Kev zuaj hluav taws xob kuj tseem muab rau lub sijhawm thiab tom qab siv hluav taws xob.

Cov menyuam muaj hnub nyoog 3 xyoos thiab hluas dua

Kev kho tus qauv ntawm nonmedulloblastoma embryonal hlav hauv cov menyuam hnub nyoog 3 xyoos thiab qis dua yog:

• Kev phais tawm kom tshem tawm cov qog ntau li ntau tau, tom qab ntawd ua cov kws kho mob.

Lwm txoj kev kho mob uas yuav raug muab tom qab kev phais mob suav nrog cov hauv qab no:

• Kev siv tshuaj kho mob thiab hluav taws xob rau thaj chaw uas cov qog raug tshem tawm.

• High-koob tshuaj kho mob nrog qia cell cawm.

Siv peb qhov kev tshawb nrhiav kab mob hauv tsev kho mob kom pom qhov NCI-txhawb nqa kev mob qog nqaij hlav uas pom zoo rau cov neeg mob. Koj tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas cov kev sim raws li hom mob cancer, hnub nyoog ntawm tus neeg mob, thiab qhov chaw uas sim kev sim. Cov ncauj lus dav dav txog kev sim kho mob kuj muaj.

Cov Koob Tshuaj Ntsuam Xyuas Thaum Menyuam Yaus Me Me Lub Taub Hau Dag Nrog Multilayered Rosettes lossis Medulloepithelioma

Hauv cov kab mob nyuam qhuav pib qog embryonal hlav nrog multilayered rosettes (ETMR) lossis medulloepithelioma, lub qog nws tus kheej tsis tau kho. Tus menyuam yuav tau txais tshuaj lossis kho mob kom txo cov tsos mob los ntawm cov qog ntshav.

Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog laus dua 3 xyoos

Kev kho tus qauv ntawm ETMR lossis medulloepithelioma hauv cov menyuam hnub nyoog qis dua 3 xyoos suav nrog cov hauv qab no:

• Kev phais tawm kom tshem tawm cov qog ntau li ntau tau. Qhov no yog ua raws hluav taws xob kho mus rau lub hlwb thiab tus txha caj qaum. Kev zuaj hluav taws xob kuj tseem muab rau lub sijhawm thiab tom qab siv hluav taws xob.

• Kev phais tawm mus tshem tawm cov qog, kev kho hluav taws xob, thiab kev siv tshuaj kho mob ntau dua nrog kev tiv thaiv qia ua haujlwm.

• Kev sim tshuaj ntsuab ntawm cov kev sib txuas ua ke tshiab ntawm kev kho hluav taws xob thiab kev siv tshuaj kho mob.

Cov menyuam muaj hnub nyoog 3 xyoos thiab hluas dua

Kev kho tus qauv ntawm ETMR lossis medulloepithelioma hauv cov menyuam hnub nyoog 3 xyoos thiab qis dua suav nrog cov hauv qab no:

• Kev phais tawm kom tshem tawm cov qog ntau li ntau tau, tom qab ntawd ua cov kws kho mob.

• High-koob tshuaj kho mob nrog qia cell cawm.

• Kev siv hluav taws xob, thaum tus menyuam loj dua.

• Kev sim tshuaj ntsuam xyuas cov kev sib txuas ua ke tshiab thiab cov sijhawm siv tshuaj kho lossis kho cov tshuaj kho mob tshiab nrog lub cev ua haujlwm tshiab.

Kev kho mob ntawm ETMR lossis medulloepithelioma hauv cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 3 xyoos thiab qis dua feem ntau tau sim hauv chaw kuaj mob.

Siv peb qhov kev tshawb nrhiav kab mob hauv tsev kho mob kom pom qhov NCI-txhawb nqa kev mob qog nqaij hlav uas pom zoo rau cov neeg mob. Koj tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas cov kev sim raws li hom mob cancer, hnub nyoog ntawm tus neeg mob, thiab qhov chaw uas sim kev sim. Cov ncauj lus dav dav txog kev sim kho mob kuj muaj.

Tshiab Paub Kiag Me Nyuam Pineoblastoma

Hauv cov me nyuam uas nyuam qhuav soj ntsuam tus kab mob pineoblastoma tshiab, lub qog nws tus kheej tsis tau kho. Tus menyuam yuav tau txais tshuaj lossis kho mob kom txo cov tsos mob los ntawm cov qog ntshav.

Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog laus dua 3 xyoos

Kev kho tus qauv ntawm pineoblastoma hauv cov menyuam laus dua 3 xyoos suav nrog cov hauv qab no:

• Kev phais kom tshem tawm cov qog. Cov qog feem ntau tsis tuaj yeem tshem tawm tag nrho vim tias nws nyob qhov twg hauv lub hlwb. Kev phais mob feem ntau yog ua raws li hluav taws xob kho rau lub hlwb thiab tus txha caj qaum thiab kev siv tshuaj kho.

• Kev sim tshuaj rau cov kws kho mob siab tshaj plaws tom qab siv hluav taws xob kho thiab pab cawm qia ntawm tes.

• Kev sim tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob thaum kho hluav taws xob.

Cov menyuam muaj hnub nyoog 3 xyoos thiab hluas dua

Kev kho tus qauv ntawm pineoblastoma hauv cov menyuam hnub nyoog 3 xyoos thiab qis dua suav nrog cov hauv qab no:

• Txoj kev siv tshuaj ntsuam me me kom paub tus mob pineoblastoma ua raws li kev kho mob.

• Yog tias cov qog teb los ntawm cov tshuaj khomob, kev siv hluav taws xob kho thaum tus menyuam loj dua.

• High-koob tshuaj kho mob nrog qia cell cawm.

Siv peb qhov kev tshawb nrhiav kab mob hauv tsev kho mob kom pom qhov NCI-txhawb nqa kev mob qog nqaij hlav uas pom zoo rau cov neeg mob. Koj tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas cov kev sim raws li hom mob cancer, hnub nyoog ntawm tus neeg mob, thiab qhov chaw uas sim kev sim. Cov ncauj lus dav dav txog kev sim kho mob kuj muaj.

Cov Kev Rov Ntsuas Me Nyuam Me Nruab Nrab Nruab Nrab Txheej Txheem Lub Tawv Hlua thiab Pineoblastomas

Kev kho mob ntawm cov hlab hlwb hauv nruab nrab (CNS) cov hlav hlav hlwb thiab tus ntoo thuv leeg uas rov muaj dua (rov qab los) nyob ntawm:

• Hom qog.

• Txawm hais tias lub qog tau rov ua qhov chaw nws pib tsim lossis kis mus rau lwm qhov ntawm lub hlwb, tus txha caj qaum, lossis lub cev.

• Hom kev kho mob yav dhau los.

• Ntev npaum li cas tau dhau los lawm txij li thaum pib kho mob tau xaus.

• Seb tus neeg mob puas muaj cim lossis cov tsos mob.

Kev kho rau cov qog ntxig menyuam yaus thaum CNS thiab mob qog thiab pineoblastomas kuj yuav suav nrog cov hauv qab no:

• Rau cov menyuam yaus uas yav dhau los tau txais kev kho mob hluav taws xob thiab kev siv tshuaj kho mob, kev kho yuav suav nrog kev rov tua hluav taws xob ntawm qhov chaw uas mob qog ntshav pib thiab qhov twg mob qog kis. Kev siv tshuaj kho kab mob sib deev thiab / lossis kev siv tshuaj kho hluav taws xob kuj tseem siv tau.

• Rau cov menyuam mos thiab menyuam yaus uas yav tas los tau txais tshuaj tua kab mob nkaus xwb thiab muaj qhov mob hauv zos, kev kho yuav yog tshuaj tua hluav taws xob nrog kev kho hluav taws xob rau cov qog thiab thaj chaw ze rau nws. Kev phais mob kom tshem tawm cov qog kuj yuav ua tau.

• Rau cov neeg mob uas tau txais kev kho mob hluav taws xob yav dhau los, kev siv tshuaj kho mob ntau dua thiab kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob hauv lub cev. Kuj tsis paub meej tias qhov kev kho mob no ua kom muaj txoj sia nyob taus.

• Cov hom phiaj kho nrog lub teeb liab hloov mus rau cov neeg mob uas mob cancer muaj qee yam hloov pauv hauv noob.

• A clinical trial that checks a sample of the patient's tumor for certain gene changes. The type of targeted therapy that will be given to the patient depends on the type of gene change.

Use our clinical trial search to find NCI-supported cancer clinical trials that are accepting patients. You can search for trials based on the type of cancer, the age of the patient, and where the trials are being done. General information about clinical trials is also available.

To Learn More About Childhood Central Nervous System Embryonal Tumors

For more information about childhood central nervous system embryonal tumor, see the following:

• Pediatric Brain Tumor Consortium (PBTC)Exit Disclaimer

For more childhood cancer information and other general cancer resources, see the following:

• About Cancer

• Childhood Cancers

• CureSearch rau Cov Menyuam Txoj Kev Mob Cancer

• Qhov Zoo Los Ntawm Txoj Kev Kho Mob Kheev Me Menyuam Thaum Ntxov

• Cov Hluas thiab Cov Hluas Hluas Muaj Mob Cancer

• Cov Menyuam Muaj Mob Cancer: Cov Lus Qhia rau Niam Txiv

• Mob Cancer rau Cov Menyuam thiab Cov Hluas

• Qib

• Kev Muaj Mob Cancer

• Cov Lus Nug Yuav Nug Koj Tus Kws Kho Mob txog Kab Mob Cancer

• Rau Cov Muaj Txoj Sia Nyob thiab Cov Saib Xyuas