Nā ʻano / testicular / hoʻomanawanui / testicular-treatment-pdq

Hoʻohui Hoʻomaʻamaʻa cancer testicular

ʻO ka ʻike ākea e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai Testicular

NA MANA KUNI

• ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular kahi maʻi kahi e kū ai nā pūnaewele malignant (cancer) i loko o nā aʻa o hoʻokahi a i ʻole ʻelua testicle.

• Hiki i ka moʻolelo olakino ke hoʻopili i ka makaʻu o ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular.

• ʻO nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi kanesa testicular pū me ka pehu a me ka hōʻoluʻolu ʻole i ka scrotum.

• Hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua e nānā i nā testicle a me ke koko e ʻike (loaʻa) a ʻike ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻa testicular.

• Kū kekahi mau kumu i ka wānana (kahi o ke ola ʻana) a me nā koho lapaʻau.

• Hiki i ka mālama ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular ke kumu i ka infertility.

ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular kahi maʻi kahi e kū ai nā pūnaewele malignant (cancer) i loko o nā aʻa o hoʻokahi a i ʻole ʻelua testicle.

ʻO nā testicle he 2 mau glandes i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka hua manu i loko o ka scrotum (kahi ʻeke o ka ʻili kuʻu e waiho pono ana ma lalo o ka peni). Mālama ʻia nā testicle ma loko o ka scrotum e ke kaula spermatic, kahi e loaʻa ai nā vas deferens a me nā moku a me nā aʻa o nā testicle.

ʻO Anatomy o nā ʻōnaehana hānau kāne a me nā urinary, e hōʻike ana i nā testicle, prostate, bladder, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

ʻO nā testicle nā ​​kāne kāne kāne kāne a hana i ka testosterone a me ka sperm. Hoʻokumu nā hunaola germ i loko o nā testicle i ka sperm immature e hele ma waena o nā tubula (nā paipu liʻiliʻi) a me nā paipu nui i loko o ka epididymis (kahi paipu lōʻihi lōʻihi e pili ana i nā testicle) kahi e oʻo ai ka sperm a mālama ʻia.

ʻAneʻane pau nā kanesa testicular i hoʻomaka i nā hunaola germ. ʻO nā ʻano nui ʻelua o nā tumelet cell testulate germ he seminomas a me nonseminomas. Ulu a pālahalaha kēia ʻano ʻelua a mālama ʻokoʻa i ka mālama ʻia. Nonseminomas mālama i ka ulu a laha wikiwiki aʻe ma mua o seminomas. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o Seminomas i ka pāhawewe. Mālama ʻia kahi tumo testicular i loaʻa nā kekona seminoma a me nonseminoma ma ke ʻano he nonseminoma.

ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular ka maʻi ʻaʻai maʻamau i nā kāne 20 a 35 mau makahiki.

Hiki i ka moʻolelo olakino ke hoʻopili i ka makaʻu o ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular.

ʻO nā mea āpau e hoʻonui i ka manawa o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi maʻi i kapa ʻia he kumu weliweli. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi mea pilikia ʻaʻole ia he kumu e loaʻa ʻoe i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻaʻohe o nā kumu pilikia ʻaʻole ia he kumu ʻaʻole ʻoe e loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka inā manaʻo ʻoe ua makaʻu paha ʻoe. ʻO nā kumu pilikia no ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular pū me:

• Loaʻa i kahi hōʻike hōʻike ʻole.

• Loaʻa i ka hoʻomohala maʻamau o nā testicle.

• Loaʻa i kahi moʻolelo pilikino o ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular.

• Loaʻa i ka moʻolelo ʻohana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular (ʻo ia hoʻi i ka makuakāne a i ʻole kaikaina).

• Keʻokeʻo.

ʻO nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi kanesa testicular pū me ka pehu a me ka hōʻoluʻolu ʻole i ka scrotum.

ʻO kēia a me nā ʻōuli a me nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe i kumu ʻia e ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular a i ʻole nā ​​kūlana ʻē aʻe. E hōʻoia me kāu kauka inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau mea:

• ʻO kahi puʻupuʻu ʻole a pehu paha i kēlā me kēia hōʻike.

• Hoʻololi i ka manaʻo o ka testicle.

• ʻEha ʻeha ma ka ʻōpū o lalo a i ʻole ke aʻa.

• Kūkulu koke ʻia o ka wai i ka scrotum.

• Paʻi a hōʻoluʻolu paha i kahi testicle a i ʻole i ka scrotum.

Hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua e nānā i nā testicle a me ke koko e ʻike (loaʻa) a ʻike ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻa testicular.

Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻāʻo a me nā kaʻina hana aʻe:

• ʻO ka hoʻāʻo kino a me ka mōʻaukala: kahi hōʻike o ke kino e nānā i nā hōʻailona laulā o ke olakino, e like me ka nānā ʻana i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi, e like me nā puʻupuʻu a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻē aʻe e ʻano ʻē. E nānā ʻia nā testicle e nānā i nā puʻupuʻu, ka pehu ʻana, a me ka ʻeha. E lawe ʻia kahi moʻolelo o nā ʻano olakino o ka mea maʻi a me nā maʻi i hala a me nā mālama ʻana.

• ʻO ka hoʻokolohua ultrasound o nā testes: kahi kaʻina hana e kipaku ʻia ai nā nalu kani ikaika (ultrasound) mai nā aʻa a i ʻole nā ​​ʻola a hana i nā leo. Hoʻokumu nā leo i kahi kiʻi o nā kino o ke kino i kapa ʻia he sonogram.

• Hōʻaʻike hōʻailona tumoma serum: kahi hana e nānā ʻia ai kahi laʻana o ke koko e ana i ka nui o kekahi mau mea i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i loko o ke koko e nā ʻokena, nāʻaʻaʻa, a i ʻole nā ​​hunaola tumele i ke kino Hoʻopili ʻia kekahi mau mea i kekahi ʻano ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai ke loaʻa i nā pae hoʻonui ʻia i ke koko. Kapa ʻia kēia mau mea he tumers mark. Hoʻohana ʻia nā māka tumo e ʻike i ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular.

• ʻO Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP).

• ʻO Beta-kanaka chonionic gonadotropin (β-hCG).

Ua ana ʻia nā pae tumora ma mua o ka inguinal orchiectomy a me ka biopsy, e kōkua ai i ka diagnose cancer cancer.

• Inguinal orchiectomy: kahi hana e wehe ai i ka testicle āpau ma o kahi ʻoki i loko o ke aʻa. ʻIke ʻia kahi laʻana kikoʻī mai ka testicle ma lalo o kahi microscope e nānā ai i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. (ʻAʻole ʻoki ke kauka i loko o ka scrotum i loko o ka testicle e hoʻoneʻe i kahi laʻana o nā meaola no ka biopsy, no ka mea inā loaʻa ka maʻi ʻaʻai, hiki i kēia kaʻina hana ke hoʻopalahalaha i loko o ka scrotum a me nā lymph node. He mea nui e koho i kahi kauka i loaʻa ka ʻike. me kēia ʻano ʻoki kino.) Inā loaʻa ka maʻi ʻaʻai, hoʻoholo ʻia ke ʻano o ka cell (seminoma a i ʻole nonseminoma) i mea e kōkua ai i ka hoʻolālā ʻana i ka lāʻau.

Kū kekahi mau kumu i ka wānana (kahi o ke ola ʻana) a me nā koho lapaʻau.

ʻO ka wānana (loaʻa o ke ola) a me nā koho lapaʻau e pili i kēia:

• ʻO ke kahua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai (inā ma loko a kokoke paha i ka testicle a i ʻole hoʻolaha ʻia i nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ke kino, a me nā kiʻekiʻe o ke koko o AFP, β-hCG, a me LDH).

• ʻAno maʻi ʻaʻai.

• Ka nui o ka tumo.

• Ka helu a me ka nui o nā lymph node retroperitoneal.

Hiki ke hoola ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular i nā mea maʻi i loaʻa ka chemotherapy adjuvant a i ʻole radiation therapy ma hope o kā lākou lapaʻau mua.

Hiki i ka mālama ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular ke kumu i ka infertility.

Hiki i kekahi mau mālama ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular ke hana i ka infertility i paʻa mau paha. ʻO nā mea maʻi e makemake ana e loaʻa nā keiki e noʻonoʻo i ka panakō sperm ma mua o ka mālama ʻana. ʻO ka Sperm banking ke kaʻina o ka spizing manuahi a mālama iā ia no ka hoʻohana ma hope.

Nā pae o ka maʻi ʻaʻai Testicular

NA MANA KUNI

• Ma hope o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular, hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua e ʻike inā ua pāhola nā hunaola maʻi ʻiʻo i loko o nā testicle a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

• ʻEkolu ala e hoʻolaha ai ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ke kino.

• E laha paha ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai kahi i hoʻomaka ai i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

• Hana ʻia kahi ingchiinal orchiectomy i mea e ʻike ai i ke kahua o ka maʻi.

• Hoʻohana ʻia nā pae aʻe no ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular:

• Kahua 0

• Ke kahua I

• Kahua II

• Kahua III

Ma hope o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular, hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua e ʻike inā ua pāhola nā hunaola maʻi ʻiʻo i loko o nā testicle a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

ʻO ke kaʻina hana e ʻike inā ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o nā testicle a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino i kapa ʻia ka staging. ʻO ka ʻikepili i hōʻiliʻili ʻia mai ke kaʻina hana e hoʻoholo ai i ka pae o ka maʻi. He mea nui ia e ʻike i ke kahua i mea e hoʻolālā ai i ka lāʻau.

Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua aʻe a me nā kaʻina hana i ke kaʻina hoʻonohonoho:

• ʻO ke kukui x: kahi x-ray o nā mea a me nā iwi i loko o ka umauma. ʻO ka x-ray kahi ʻano kukuna ikehu e hiki ke hele ma waena o ke kino a ma ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni, e hana ana i kiʻi o nā wahi i loko o ke kino.

• CT scan (CAT scan): Kahi hana e hana ai i ka moʻo o nā kiʻi kikoʻī o nā wahi i loko o ke kino, e like me ka ʻōpū, i lawe ʻia mai nā ʻaoʻao ʻokoʻa. Hana ʻia nā kiʻi e kahi kamepiula i hoʻopili ʻia i kahi mīkini x-ray. Hoʻokomo ʻia paha ke kala i loko o ke aa a i ʻole ale ʻia e kōkua i nā ʻōpū a i ʻole nā ​​kino i hōʻike hou aku me ka maopopo. Kāhea ʻia kēia kaʻina hana he tomography i helu ʻia, kamepiula tomography, a i ʻole he tomography axial computerized.

• MRI (kiʻi resonance ʻume mākenēki): kahi hana e hoʻohana ai i ka magnet, nā nalu lekiō, a me kahi kamepiula e hana i kahi o nā kiʻi kikoʻī o nā wahi i loko o ke kino, e like me ka ʻōpū. Kāhea ʻia kēia kaʻina hana he kiʻi nukelea kiʻi resonance (NMRI).

• ʻO ka dissection lymph node dissectinal: kahi hana ʻokiʻoki kahi e hemo ai nā puka lymph i loko o ka ʻōpū a nānā ʻia kahi laʻana o nā mea ma lalo o ka microscope no nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Kapa ʻia kēia kaʻina hana he lymphadenectomy. No nā mea maʻi me ka nonseminoma, ʻo ka hemo ʻana i nā lymph node ke kōkua i ka hōʻoki ʻana i ka maʻi. Hiki ke mālama ʻia nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai i nā pūnana lymph o nā mea maʻi seminoma me ka radiation radiation.

• Hōʻaʻike hōʻailona tumoma serum: kahi hana e nānā ʻia ai kahi laʻana o ke koko e ana i ka nui o kekahi mau mea i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i loko o ke koko e nā ʻokena, nāʻaʻaʻa, a i ʻole nā ​​hunaola tumele i ke kino Hoʻopili ʻia kekahi mau mea i kekahi ʻano ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai ke loaʻa i nā pae hoʻonui ʻia i ke koko. Kapa ʻia kēia mau mea he tumers mark. Hoʻohana ʻia nā mākia neʻe 3 e kū nei i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular.

• Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)

• ʻO Beta-kanaka chonionic gonadotropin (β-hCG).

• Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH).

Ua ana hou ʻia nā pae marker Tumor, ma hope o ka inguinal orchiectomy a me ka biopsy, i mea e hoʻoholo ai i ke kahua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Kōkua kēia e hōʻike inā ua hoʻoneʻe ʻia nā maʻi ʻaʻai āpau a i ʻole inā pono e pono hou aʻe kahi lāʻau. Ua ana ʻia nā pae marker Tumor i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana ma ke ʻano he ala e nānā ai inā ua hoʻi mai ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

ʻEkolu ala e hoʻolaha ai ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ke kino.

Hiki ke pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma o nā meaola, ka ʻōnaehana lymph, a me ke koko.

• Kāpena. Hoʻolahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai kahi i hoʻomaka ai i ka ulu ʻana i nā wahi kokoke.

• ʻŌnaehana Lymph. Hoʻolahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai kahi i hoʻomaka ai i ke komo ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana lymph. Hele ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma o nā kīʻaha lymph i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

• Koko. Hoʻolahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai kahi i hoʻomaka ai i ke komo ʻana i ke koko. Hele ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma o nā kīʻaha koko i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

E laha paha ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai kahi i hoʻomaka ai i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

Ke pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i kekahi ʻāpana o ke kino, ua kapa ʻia ia ʻo metastasis. E haki nā hunaola maʻi 'aʻai mai kahi a lākou i hoʻomaka ai (ka tumo mua) a hele i loko o ka ʻōnaehana lymph a i ʻole ke koko.

• ʻŌnaehana Lymph. Komo ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ka ʻōnaehana lymph, hele ma waena o nā kīʻaha lymph, a hana i kahi tumo (tumo metastatic) i kekahi ʻāpana o ke kino.

• Koko. Komo ke kanesa i loko o ke koko, hele ma waena o nā kīʻaha koko, a hana i kahi tumo (tumo metastatic) i kekahi ʻāpana o ke kino.

ʻO ka tumo metastatic ka ʻano like o ke kanesa me ka tumo mua. ʻO kahi laʻana, inā pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular i ka akemāmā, ʻo nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ka akemāmā he mau puʻukū maʻi ʻaʻai testicular. ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻaʻi metastatic testicular, ʻaʻole ka maʻi ʻaʻa maʻi.

Hana ʻia kahi ingchiinal orchiectomy i mea e ʻike ai i ke kahua o ka maʻi.

Hoʻohana ʻia nā pae aʻe no ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular:

Kahua 0

I ke kahua 0, ʻike ʻia nā hunaola ʻino ma nā tubula liʻiliʻi kahi e hoʻomaka ai ka ulu ʻana o nā hunaola sperm. Hiki i kēia mau ʻino ʻino ke lilo i maʻi ʻaʻai a hohola ʻia i loko o nā kiko maʻamau. Kūpono nā pae marker tumo āpau. Kāhea ʻia ka pae 0 germ neoplasia germ in situ.

Ke kahua I

I ke kahua I, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Māhele ʻia ka pae I i nā pae IA, IB, a me IS.

• I ke kahua IA, loaʻa ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ka testicle, me nā testis rete, akā ʻaʻole i pālahalaha ʻia i nā kīʻaha koko a i ʻole nā ​​kīʻaha lymph i loko o ka testicle.

Kūpono nā pae marker tumo āpau.

• I ke kahua IB, maʻi ʻaʻai:

• Loaʻa i loko o ka testicle, me ka testis rete, a ua pālahalaha ʻia i nā kīʻaha koko a i ʻole nā ​​kīʻaha lymph i loko o ka testicle. a i ʻole

• ua hohola i loko o ka hilar palupalu nāʻaʻaʻa (ʻaʻaʻa i nā olona a me ka momona me nā kīʻaha koko a me nā moku lymph), ka epididymis, a me nā membrane o waho e pili ana i ka testicle; a i ʻole

• ua hohola i ke kaula spermatic; a i ʻole

• ua palahalaha aku i ka scrotum.

Kūpono nā pae marker tumo āpau.

• I ke kahua IS, loaʻa ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma nā wahi āpau o ka testicle a ua pāhola paha i loko o ke kaula spermatic a i ʻole scrotum.

Kūlana nā pae marker Tumor mai kahi kiʻekiʻe aʻe ma mua o ka maʻamau.

Ana ʻia ka nui o nā tumor i nā kenimika (cm) a i ʻole nā ​​ʻīniha. ʻO nā mea ʻai maʻamau i hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e hōʻike i ka nui o ka tumo i ka cm me: kahi pea (1 cm), kahi peanut (2 cm), kahi hua waina (3 cm), kahi wōnati (4 cm), he lime (5 cm a i ʻole 2 'īniha), he hua manu (6 cm), kahi peach (7 cm), a me kahi huaʻulu (10 cm a 4' īniha).

Kahua II

Māhele ʻia ka pae II i nā pae IIA, IIB, a me IIC.

• I ke kahua IIA, loaʻa ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma nā wahi āpau o ka testicle a ua pāhola paha i loko o ke kaula spermatic a i ʻole scrotum. Ua pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i 1 a i 5 mau lymph node kokoke a ʻo 2 mau kenimika a ʻoi aku paha ka liʻiliʻi o nā lymph.

ʻO nā pae marker tumo āpau a maʻamau paha ma luna o ka maʻamau.

• I ke kahua IIB, loaʻa ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma nā wahi āpau o ka testicle a ua pāhola paha i loko o ke kaula spermatic a i ʻole scrotum. Ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i:

• ʻO 1 lymph node kokoke a ʻo ka lymph node ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o 2 centimetera akā ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o 5 centimita; a i ʻole

• ʻoi aku ma mua o 5 mau lymph node kokoke a ʻaʻole nui nā nū lymph ma mua o 5 centimita; a i ʻole

• kahi lymph node kokoke a ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma waho o ka pona lymph.

ʻO nā pae marker tumo āpau a maʻamau paha ma luna o ka maʻamau.

• I ke kahua IIC, loaʻa ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma nā wahi āpau o ka testicle a ua pāhola paha i loko o ke kaula spermatic a i ʻole scrotum. Ua pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i kahi pūnana lymph kokoke a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pona ma mua o 5 mau kenimika.

ʻO nā pae marker tumo āpau a maʻamau paha ma luna o ka maʻamau.

Kahua III

Māhele ʻia ka pae III i nā pae IIIA, IIIB, a me IIIC.

• I ke kahua IIIA, loaʻa ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma nā wahi āpau o ka testicle a ua pāhola paha i loko o ke kaula spermatic a i ʻole scrotum. Ua pālahalaha paha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha o nā lymph node. Ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā lymph node mamao a i ʻole i nā akemāmā.

ʻO nā pae marker tumo āpau a maʻamau paha ma luna o ka maʻamau.

• I ke kahua IIIB, loaʻa ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma nā wahi āpau o ka testicle a ua pāhola paha i loko o ke kaula spermatic a i ʻole scrotum. Ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai:

• i hoʻokahi aʻoi aku paha nā lymph node a ʻaʻole i hoʻolaha ʻia i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino; a i ʻole

• i hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha nā kiko lymph kokoke. Ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā lymph node mamao a i ʻole i nā akemāmā.

ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha nā māka tumare ma waena o ka maʻamau.

• I ke kahua IIIC, loaʻa ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma nā wahi āpau o ka testicle a ua pāhola paha i loko o ke kaula spermatic a i ʻole scrotum. Ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai:

• i hoʻokahi aʻoi aku paha nā lymph node a ʻaʻole i hoʻolaha ʻia i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino; a i ʻole

• i hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha nā kiko lymph kokoke. Ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā lymph node mamao a i ʻole i nā akemāmā.

ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha mau māka tumo kiʻekiʻe.

a i ʻole

ʻIke ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma nā wahi āpau o ka testicle a ua pāhola paha i ka kaula spermatic a i ʻole scrotum. ʻAʻole i pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā pūnana lymph mamao a i ʻole ka akemāmā, akā ua pāhola ʻia i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino, e like me ke akepaʻa a me ka iwi.

Kūpono nā pae marker Tumor mai ka maʻamau a i ke kiʻekiʻe.

ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular hou

ʻO ke kanesa testicular hou he maʻi ʻaʻai i hoʻi hou (hoʻi mai) ma hope o ka mālama ʻia ʻana. Hiki i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ke hoʻi i mau makahiki ma hope o ka maʻi ʻaʻai mua, i loko o ka testicle ʻē aʻe a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

Laulā Manaʻo Option Oponopono

NA MANA KUNI

• Aia nā ʻano lapaʻau like ʻole no nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular.

• Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻōpuʻu testicular i nā hui 3, ma muli o ke kū pono o nā tumors e pane i ka lāʻau.

• Prognosis Maikaʻi

• Prognosis waena

• ʻIke maikaʻi ʻole

• Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano ʻelima o ka mālama maʻamau.

• ʻOki kino

• Lapaʻau hoʻomākala

• ʻO Chemotherapy

• Nānā

• ʻO ka chemotherapy kiʻekiʻe me ka transplant cell stem

• Ke hoʻāʻo ʻia nei nā ʻano lapaʻau hou i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.

• ʻO ka mālama ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular e kumu i nā hopena ʻaoʻao.

• Makemake paha nā mea maʻi e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana.

• Hiki i nā mea maʻi ke komo i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ma mua, i ka wā, a ma hope paha o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i kā lākou mālama maʻi ʻaʻai.

• Pono paha nā hoʻokolohua ukali.

Aia nā ʻano lapaʻau like ʻole no nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular.

Loaʻa nā ʻano lapaʻau like ʻole no nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular. Kūlana maʻamau kekahi mau hōʻailona (ʻo ka lāʻau i hoʻohana ʻia i kēia manawa), a ʻo kekahi e hoʻāʻo ʻia nei i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua. ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua lapaʻau kahi noiʻi noiʻi i manaʻo ʻia e kōkua i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā mālama ʻana i kēia manawa a i ʻole loaʻa ka ʻike e pili ana i nā mālama hou no nā maʻi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Ke hōʻike nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kahi lapaʻau hou ma mua o ka maʻamau maʻamau, lilo paha ka lāʻau hou i ka lapaʻau maʻamau. Makemake paha nā mea maʻi e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana. ʻO kekahi mau hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e hāmama wale i nā mea maʻi i hoʻomaka ʻole i ka lāʻau.

Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻōpuʻu testicular i nā hui 3, ma muli o ke kū pono o nā tumors e pane i ka lāʻau.

Prognosis Maikaʻi

No ka nonseminoma, pono nā mea āpau i lalo:

• Loaʻa ka tumo i ka testicle a i ʻole i ka retroperitoneum (kahi ma waho a ma hope paha o ka paia ʻōpū); a

• ʻAʻole pālahalaha ka tumo i nā ʻokana ʻē aʻe ma mua o ka akemāmā; a

• ʻO nā pae o nā māka tumo āpau ma luna iki o ka maʻamau.

No ka seminoma, pono nā mea āpau i lalo:

• ʻAʻole pālahalaha ka tumo i nā ʻokana ʻē aʻe ma mua o ka akemāmā; a

• ʻO ka pae o ka alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) ka mea maʻamau. ʻO Beta-kanaka chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) a me lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) paha ma kēlā me kēia pae.

• Prognosis waena

No ka nonseminoma, pono nā mea āpau i lalo:

• Loaʻa ka tumo i hoʻokahi testicle a i ʻole i ka retroperitoneum (kahi ma waho a ma hope paha o ka paia ʻōpū); a

• ʻAʻole pālahalaha ka tumo i nā ʻokana ʻē aʻe ma mua o ka akemāmā; a

• ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o kekahi o nā māka tumo i ʻoi aku ma mua o ka maʻamau.

No ka seminoma, pono nā mea āpau i lalo:

• Ua palahalaha aku ka ʻōpuʻu i nā ʻokana ʻē aʻe ma mua o nā akemāmā; a

• ʻO ka pae o ka AFP maʻamau. Aia paha β-hCG a me LDH i kēlā me kēia pae.

ʻIke maikaʻi ʻole

No nonseminoma, ma ka liʻiliʻi e pono kekahi o kēia mau mea:

• ʻO ka tumo i waenakonu o ka umauma ma waena o nā akemāmā; a i ʻole

• Ua palahalaha aku ka ʻōpuʻu i nā ʻokana ʻē aʻe ma mua o nā akemāmā; a i ʻole

• ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o kekahi o nā māka tumo he kiʻekiʻe.

ʻAʻohe pūʻulu wānana maikaʻi ʻole no nā tumo testicular seminoma.

Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano ʻelima o ka mālama maʻamau.

ʻOki kino

ʻO ke kaha e wehe i ka testicle (inguinal orchiectomy) a me kekahi o nā lymph node e hana ʻia ma ka diagnose a me ke kau ʻana. (E ʻike i nā ʻikepili a me nā ʻāpana o ka laulā o kēia hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo.) ʻO nā tumors i pālahalaha ʻia i nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ke kino a i ʻole hemo holoʻokoʻa ʻia e ke ʻoki.

Ma hope o ka hemo ʻana o ke kauka i nā maʻi ʻaʻai āpau i hiki ke ʻike ʻia i ka manawa o ke ʻoki ʻana, hiki i kekahi mau mea maʻi ke hāʻawi ʻia i ka chemotherapy a i ʻole ka radiation therapy ma hope o ke kaha ʻana e luku i nā hunaola maʻi ʻea i koe. ʻO ka lāʻau i hāʻawi ʻia ma hope o ke kaha ʻana, e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka makaʻu e hoʻi mai ka maʻi ʻaʻai, i kapa ʻia ʻo adjuvant therapy.

Lapaʻau hoʻomākala

ʻO ka radiation radiation kahi lāʻau maʻi maʻi maʻi e hoʻohana i nā kukuna x nui ikaika a i ʻole nā ​​ʻano radiation e hoʻomake i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai a mālama ʻole paha i ka ulu ʻana. ʻElua ʻano o radiation radiation:

• Hoʻohana ka radiation radiation kūwaho i kahi mīkini ma waho o ke kino e hoʻouna i ka radiation i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

• Hoʻohana ka radiation radiation i loko i kahi lāʻau radioactive i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā nila, nā hua, nā uea, a i ʻole nā ​​catheters i kau pololei ʻia i loko a kokoke paha i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Hāʻawi ʻia ke ala o ka radiation radiation i ke ʻano a me ke kahua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai e mālama ʻia. Hoʻohana ʻia ka radiation radiation kūwaho e mālama ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular.

ʻO Chemotherapy

ʻO Chemotherapy kahi lāʻau lapaʻau maʻi maʻi e hoʻohana i nā lāʻau e hōʻoki i ka ulu ʻana o nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai, ma ka luku ʻana paha i nā hunaola a i ʻole ke kū ʻana i nā hunaola mai ka hoʻokaʻawale Ke lawe ʻia ka chemotherapy e ka waha a i ʻole injected i loko o kahi aa koko a i ʻole nā ​​mākala, komo nā lāʻau i ke kahe o ke koko a hiki ke kiʻi i nā hunaola maʻi ʻōpio i loko o ke kino (chemotherapy ʻōnaehana). Ke waiho pololei ʻia ka chemotherapy i loko o ka wai cerebrospinal, kahi hui, a i ʻole ke kino o ke kino e like me ka ʻōpū, ʻo nā lāʻau lapaʻau ka mea nui e hoʻopili i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai i kēlā mau wahi (chemotherapy āpau). Hāʻawi ʻia ke ala o ka chemotherapy i ka ʻano a me ke kahua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai e mālama ʻia.

E ʻike i nā lāʻau i ʻāpono ʻia no ka maʻi ʻaʻai Testicular no ka ʻike hou aku.

Nānā

Ke ukali pono nei ka nānā ʻana i ke ʻano o ka mea maʻi me ka ʻole o ka hāʻawi ʻana i kahi lāʻau ke ʻole ke hoʻololi i nā hopena hōʻike. Hoʻohana ʻia ia e ʻike i nā hōʻailona mua i hoʻi hou ka maʻi ʻaʻa (hoʻi mai). I ka nānā ʻana, hāʻawi ʻia nā mea maʻi i kekahi mau hōʻike a me nā hoʻokolohua ma kahi papa manawa maʻamau.

ʻO ka chemotherapy kiʻekiʻe me ka transplant cell stem

Hāʻawi ʻia nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe o ka chemotherapy e pepehi i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. Hoʻopau pū ʻia nā hunaola olakino, e like me nā hunaola koko, e ka lāʻau maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻO ka transplant cell Stem kahi lapaʻau e pani i nā hunaola koko. Lawe ʻia nā hunaola ʻōpala (ʻaʻaʻa ʻole o ke koko) mai ke koko a i ʻole ka iwi o ka mea maʻi a i ʻole he mea hāʻawi a hoʻopaʻa ʻia a mālama ʻia. Ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka chemotherapy i ka mea hoʻomanawanui, hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā pūnaewele i mālama ʻia a hoʻihoʻi ʻia i ka mea maʻi ma o ka infusion. E ulu kēia mau hunaola i (a hoʻihoʻi) i nā huna koko o ke kino.

E ʻike i nā lāʻau i ʻāpono ʻia no ka maʻi ʻaʻai Testicular no ka ʻike hou aku.

Ke kuʻi ʻōnaʻi ʻōnaeho. (ʻAnuʻu 1): Lawe ʻia ke koko mai kahi aa i ka lima o ka mea hāʻawi. ʻO ka mea hoʻomanawanui a kanaka ʻē aʻe paha ka mea hāʻawi. Kahe ke koko i loko o kahi mīkini e hemo i nā hunaola kūmole. A laila hoʻihoʻi ʻia ke koko i ka mea hāʻawi ma o kahi aa i loko o ka lima ʻē aʻe. (ʻAnuʻu 2): Loaʻa i ka mea maʻi ka chemotherapy e pepehi i nā hunaola koko. Loaʻa i ka mea maʻi ka radiation radiation (ʻaʻole i hōʻike ʻia). (ʻAnuʻu 3): Loaʻa i ka mea maʻi ka maʻi ma o ka catheter i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o kahi kīʻaha koko i ka umauma.

Ke hoʻāʻo ʻia nei nā ʻano lapaʻau hou i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.

Loaʻa nā ʻike e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua mai ka pūnaewele NCI.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular e kumu i nā hopena ʻaoʻao.

No ka ʻike e pili ana i nā hopena i hopena ʻia e ka lapaʻau ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai, e ʻike i kā mākou ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao.

Makemake paha nā mea maʻi e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana.

No kekahi mau mea maʻi, ke komo nei i ka hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ke koho lapaʻau maikaʻi loa paha. ʻO nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua kahi ʻāpana o ka noiʻi ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e ʻike inā palekana a maikaʻi a maikaʻi paha nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa maʻi ʻaʻai ma mua o ka maʻamau maʻamau.

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā hana maʻamau no ka maʻi ʻaʻai i kau ʻia ma nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua mua. ʻO nā mea maʻi i komo i ka hoʻokolokolo hoʻokolohua hiki ke loaʻa i ka lāʻau maʻamau a i ʻole i waena o nā mea mua i loaʻa kahi lāʻau hou.

ʻO nā mea maʻi i komo i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua kōkua pū kekahi i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ka wā e hiki mai ana. ʻOiai ʻaʻole nā ​​alakaʻi hoʻokolohua e alakaʻi i nā hoʻoponopono hou maikaʻi, pane pinepine lākou i nā nīnau nui a kōkua i ka neʻe i mua o ka noiʻi.

Hiki i nā mea maʻi ke komo i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ma mua, i ka wā, a ma hope paha o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i kā lākou mālama maʻi ʻaʻai.

Hoʻopili wale kekahi mau hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua i nā mea maʻi i loaʻa ʻole ka lapaʻau. ʻO nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe e hōʻoia i nā mālama ʻana no ka poʻe maʻi i loaʻa ʻole ka maikaʻi o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Aia kekahi mau hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e hoʻāʻo i nā ala hou e hōʻoki i ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai ka hoʻi hou ʻana (hoʻi ʻana) a hōʻemi paha i nā hopena o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Ke mālama ʻia nei nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ma nā wahi he nui o ka ʻāina. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka ʻike e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e kākoʻo ʻia e NCI ma ka pūnaewele ʻimi noiʻi hoʻokolohua a NCI. Hiki ke loaʻa nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua i kākoʻo ʻia e nā hui ʻē aʻe ma ka pūnaewele ClinicalTrials.gov.

Pono paha nā hoʻokolohua ukali.

ʻO kekahi o nā hoʻokolohua i hana ʻia e hōʻoia i ka maʻi ʻaʻai a i ʻole e ʻike i ke kahua o ka maʻi ʻaʻaʻa e hana hou ʻia paha. E hana hou ʻia kekahi mau hōʻike i mea e ʻike ai i ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana. Hoʻoholo ʻia nā hoʻoholo e pili ana inā e hoʻomau, hoʻololi, a kū paha i ka lāʻau ʻana ma nā hopena o kēia mau hoʻāʻo.

E hoʻomau ʻia kekahi o nā hoʻokolohua mai kēlā me kēia manawa ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka lāʻau. Hiki i nā hopena o kēia mau hoʻāʻo ke hōʻike inā ua loli kou ʻano a i ʻole inā ua hoʻi hou ke kanesa. Kapa ʻia kēia mau hoʻāʻo i kekahi manawa nā hoʻokolohua ukali a i ʻole nā ​​loiloi.

ʻO nā kāne i loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular e hoʻonui i ka makaʻu i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ka testicle ʻē aʻe. Kūkā ʻia kahi mea maʻi e nānā pinepine i ka testicle ʻē aʻe a hōʻike i nā ʻōuli maʻamau ʻole i ke kauka koke.

He mea nui nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua lōʻihi. E nānā pinepine paha ka mea maʻi i ka makahiki mua ma hope o ke kahakaha ʻana a me ka emi pinepine ma hope o kēlā.

Nā koho lapaʻau e ke kahua

Ma keia Pauku

• Kahua 0 (Testicular Intraepithelial Neoplasia)

• ʻO ke kahua I ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular

• ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular pae II

• Mahele III Ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular

No ka ʻike e pili ana i nā lāʻau i helu ʻia ma lalo, e ʻike i ka ʻaoʻao Overtion Option Overview.

Kahua 0 (Testicular Intraepithelial Neoplasia)

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka pae 0 i kēia mau mea:

• Lapaʻau hoʻomākala.

• Nānā

• ʻO ke keʻena hana e wehe i ka hōʻike.

E hoʻohana i kā mākou ʻimi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e ʻike i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua maʻi maʻi i kākoʻo ʻia e NCI e ʻae nei i nā mea maʻi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻimi i nā hoʻāʻo e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ka makahiki o ka mea hoʻomanawanui, a kahi e hana ʻia ai nā hoʻokolokolo. Loaʻa nā ʻike laulā e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.

ʻO ke kahua I ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular I kaukaʻi hilinaʻi ʻia inā he seminoma a i ʻole nonseminoma ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Hiki ke hoʻopili i ka seminoma i kēia mau mea:

• ʻO ke keʻena hana e wehe i ka testicle, a ukali ʻia e ka nānā ʻana.

• No nā mea maʻi e makemake ana i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa hana ma mua o ka nānā ʻana, hiki i ka lāʻau ke hoʻopili ʻia:

• Hoʻopau ke ʻoki e wehe i ka testicle, a ukali ʻia e chemotherapy.

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ka nonseminoma i kēia mau mea:

• Hoʻopau ke ʻokiʻoki e wehe i ka testicle, me ka ukali wā lōʻihi.

• Hoʻopau ke ʻoki e wehe i ka testicle a me nā lymph node i loko o ka ʻōpū, me ka ukali wā lōʻihi.

• Hahai ʻia ke ʻoki kino e ka chemotherapy no nā mea maʻi ma ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻi hou ʻana, me ka ukali wā lōʻihi.

E hoʻohana i kā mākou ʻimi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e ʻike i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua maʻi maʻi i kākoʻo ʻia e NCI e ʻae nei i nā mea maʻi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻimi i nā hoʻāʻo e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ka makahiki o ka mea hoʻomanawanui, a kahi e hana ʻia ai nā hoʻokolokolo. Loaʻa nā ʻike laulā e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.

ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular pae II

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ke kanulau testicular pae II ma muli o ka maʻi ʻaʻai he seminoma a i ʻole nonseminoma.

Hiki ke hoʻopili i ka seminoma i kēia mau mea:

• Ke piʻi ka tumo i 5 mau kenimika a i ʻole ka liʻiliʻi:

• Hoʻopau ke ʻoki e wehe i ka testicle, a ukali ʻia e ka radiation therapy i nā lymph node i loko o ka ʻōpū a me nā pelvis.

• Hoʻohui chemotherapy.

• ʻO ke keʻoki e wehe i ka testicle a me nā lymph node i loko o ka ʻōpū.

• Ke nui aku ka tumo ma mua o 5 mau kenimika:

• Hoʻopau ke ʻoki e wehe i ka testicle, a ukali ʻia e ka chemotherapy hui a i ʻole radiation therapy i nā lymph node i loko o ka ʻōpū a me nā pelvis, me ka ukali wā lōʻihi.

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ka nonseminoma i kēia mau mea:

• Hoʻopau ke ʻoki e wehe i ka testicle a me nā lymph node, me ka ukali wā lōʻihi.

• Hoʻopau ke ʻoki e wehe i ka testicle a me nā lymph node, a ukali ʻia e ka chemotherapy hui a me ka ukali wā lōʻihi.

• Hoʻopau ke ʻokiʻoki e wehe i ka testicle, a ukali ʻia e ka chemotherapy hui pū a me ka ʻokiʻoki ʻelua inā mau ka maʻi ʻaʻai, me ka ukali wā lōʻihi.

• Hoʻohui chemotherapy ma mua o ke kaha ʻana e wehe i ka testicle, no ka maʻi ʻaʻai i pālahalaha a manaʻo ʻia he mea hoʻoweliweli i ke ola.

E hoʻohana i kā mākou ʻimi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e ʻike i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua maʻi maʻi i kākoʻo ʻia e NCI e ʻae nei i nā mea maʻi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻimi i nā hoʻāʻo e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ka makahiki o ka mea hoʻomanawanui, a kahi e hana ʻia ai nā hoʻokolokolo. Loaʻa nā ʻike laulā e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.

Mahele III Ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ke kanulau testicular pae III ma muli o ka maʻi ʻaʻai he seminoma a i ʻole he nonseminoma.

Hiki ke hoʻopili i ka seminoma i kēia mau mea:

• ʻO ke kaha e wehe i ka testicle, a ukali ʻia e chemotherapy hui pū. Inā he mau Tumors i koe ma hope o ka chemotherapy, ʻo ka mālama ʻana paha kekahi o kēia mau mea:

• ʻO ka nānā ʻana me ka mālama ʻole inā ulu nā tumors.

• ʻO ka nānā ʻana no nā tumors i ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o 3 centimet a me ke ʻoki e hemo ai i nā tumors ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o 3 kenimika.

• ʻImi ʻia kahi PET i ʻelua mau mahina ma hope o ka chemotherapy a me ke kahakaha ʻana e wehe ai i nā ʻōpū e hōʻike ʻia me ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma ka scan.

• ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o ka chemotherapy.

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ka nonseminoma i kēia mau mea:

• ʻO ke kaha e wehe i ka testicle, a ukali ʻia e chemotherapy hui pū.

• ʻO ka chemotherapy hoʻohui e ukali ʻia e ke ʻoki e wehe i ka testicle a me nā tumors ʻē aʻe i koe. Hāʻawi ʻia kahi chemotherapy hou inā hemo kaʻiʻo tumora i loko o nā hunaola maʻi maʻi e ulu ana a i ʻole inā hōʻike ʻia nā hoʻokolohua ukali e holomua ana ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

• Hoʻohui chemotherapy ma mua o ke kaha ʻana e wehe i ka testicle, no ka maʻi ʻaʻai i pālahalaha a manaʻo ʻia he mea hoʻoweliweli i ke ola.

• ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o ka chemotherapy.

E hoʻohana i kā mākou ʻimi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e ʻike i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua maʻi maʻi i kākoʻo ʻia e NCI e ʻae nei i nā mea maʻi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻimi i nā hoʻāʻo e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ka makahiki o ka mea hoʻomanawanui, a kahi e hana ʻia ai nā hoʻokolokolo. Loaʻa nā ʻike laulā e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.

Nā koho lapaʻau no ka maʻi ʻaʻai Testicular hou

No ka ʻike e pili ana i nā lāʻau i helu ʻia ma lalo, e ʻike i ka ʻaoʻao Overtion Option Overview.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka kanesa testicular hou e hiki ke hoʻopili i kēia mau mea:

• Hoʻohui chemotherapy.

• ʻO ka chemotherapy kiʻekiʻe a me ka transplant cell stem.

• Hoʻopau ke ʻoki e wehe i ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loaʻa iā:

• hoʻi mai ma mua o 2 mau makahiki ma hope o ke kala piha ʻana; a i ʻole

• hoʻi i hoʻokahi wale nō wahi a ʻaʻole pane i ka chemotherapy.

• ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o kahi hoʻoponopono hou.

E hoʻohana i kā mākou ʻimi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e ʻike i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua maʻi maʻi i kākoʻo ʻia e NCI e ʻae nei i nā mea maʻi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻimi i nā hoʻāʻo e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ka makahiki o ka mea hoʻomanawanui, a kahi e hana ʻia ai nā hoʻokolokolo. Loaʻa nā ʻike laulā e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.

E aʻo hou e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai Testicular

No ka ʻike hou aku mai ka National Cancer Institute e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular, e ʻike i ka mea aʻe:

• ʻAoʻao Home cancer ʻo Testicular

• Ke nānā ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular

• Ua ʻae ʻia nā lāʻau no ka maʻi ʻaʻai Testicular

No ka ʻike ākea maʻi ʻaʻai a me nā kumuwaiwai ʻē aʻe mai ka National Cancer Institute, e ʻike i ka mea aʻe:

• E pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai

• Ke hoʻokū nei

• ʻO Chemotherapy a ʻo ʻoe: Kākoʻo no ka poʻe me ka maʻi ʻaʻai

• Radiation Therapy a ʻo ʻoe: Kākoʻo no ka poʻe me ka maʻi ʻaʻai

• Ke kāohi nei i ka maʻi ʻaʻai

• Nā nīnau e nīnau ai i kāu kauka e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai

• No nā mea ola a me nā mea mālama