Nā ʻano / ʻōpū / hoʻomanawanui / ʻōpū-ʻōpū-pdq

Mana Mana Mana Kino Gastric

ʻO ka ʻike ākea e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai Gastric

NA MANA KUNI

• ʻO ka maʻi ʻaukā Gastric kahi maʻi ia e kū ai nā maʻi ʻino (maʻi ʻaʻai) i ka pale o ka ʻōpū.

• Hiki i ka makahiki, ka papaʻai, a me ka maʻi ʻōpū ke hoʻopili i ka makaʻu o ka ulu ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai gastric.

• ʻO nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi ʻōpū gastric me ka palaka ʻole a me ka hōʻeha ʻole o ka ʻōpū a ʻeha paha.

• Hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻāʻo e nānā i ka ʻōpū a me ka esophagus e ʻike (loaʻa) a ʻike ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai gastric.

• Kū kekahi mau kumu i ka wānana (kahi o ke ola ʻana) a me nā koho lapaʻau.

ʻO ka maʻi ʻaukā Gastric kahi maʻi ia e kū ai nā maʻi ʻino (maʻi ʻaʻai) i ka pale o ka ʻōpū.

ʻO ka ʻōpū kahi lālā J-like i loko o ka ʻōpū luna. ʻO ia kahi ʻāpana o ka ʻōnaehana digestive, ka mea e hoʻopili ai i nā meaola (nā wikamina, nā minelala, nā huehue, nā momona, nā protein, a me ka wai) i nā meaʻai e ʻai ʻia a kōkua i ka lawe ʻana i nā mea make i waho o ke kino. Neʻe ka ʻai mai ka ʻāʻī i ka ʻōpū ma o kahi hollow, muscular tube i kapa ʻia ʻo ka esophagus. Ma hope o ka haʻalele ʻana i ka ʻōpū, hele ka ʻai hapa-ʻai i loko o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi a laila i loko o ka ʻōpū nui.

ʻO ka esophagus a me ka ʻōpū kahi ʻāpana o ka ʻōnaehana gastrointestinal (digestive) o luna.

Hana ʻia ka paia o ka ʻōpū i 5 mau papa o nā kiko. Mai ka papa i loko loa a i ka papa waho loa, ʻo nā papa o ka paia o ka ʻōpū: mucosa, submucosa, muscle, subserosa (nā mea hoʻopili), a me serosa. Hoʻomaka ka maʻi ʻaukā Gastric i ka mucosa a pālahalaha ma o nā papa o waho ke ulu aʻe ia.

Hoʻomaka ka ʻōpū Stromal o ka ʻōpū i ke kākoʻo ʻana i nā pūnaewele hoʻopili a mālama ʻokoʻa ʻia mai ka maʻi ʻaʻai gastric. E ʻike i ka hōʻuluʻulu ma Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors Hoʻoikaika no ka ʻike hou aku.

No ka ʻike hou aku e pili ana i nā maʻi ʻaʻai o ka ʻōpū, e ʻike i nā hōʻuluʻulu e hiki mai ana.

• Nā Cancers Kūpono ʻole o ka Hoʻōla Pēpē

• ʻŌpū (Gastric) Kāohi ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai

• ʻŌpū (Gastric) Ke nānā ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai

Hiki i ka makahiki, ka papaʻai, a me ka maʻi ʻōpū ke hoʻopili i ka makaʻu o ka ulu ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai gastric.

ʻO nā mea āpau e hoʻonui i kou makaʻu i ka loaʻa ʻana i kahi maʻi i kapa ʻia he kumu weliweli. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi mea pilikia ʻaʻole ia he kumu e loaʻa ʻoe i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻaʻohe o nā kumu pilikia ʻaʻole ia he kumu ʻaʻole ʻoe e loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka inā manaʻo ʻoe ua makaʻu paha ʻoe. ʻO nā kumu pilikia no ka maʻi ʻaʻai gastric me kēia mau mea:

• Loaʻa i kekahi o nā kūlana olakino aʻe:

• Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) maʻi o ka ʻōpū.

• Gastritis maʻi (ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū).

• Anemia anela.

• ʻO ka metaplasia Intestinal (kahi kūlana kahi i hoʻololi ʻia ai ka pale o ka ʻōpū maʻamau me nā hunaola e pili ana i nā ʻōpū.

• Gasypic polyps.

• ʻO Virus Epstein-Barr.

• Famdrial syndromes (me ka familial adenomatous polyposis).

• ʻO ka ʻai ʻana i kahi papaʻai kiʻekiʻe i ka paʻakai, nā meaʻai puhi ʻia a haʻahaʻa i nā hua a me nā mea kanu.

• ʻO ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai i hoʻomākaukau ʻole a mālama pono ʻia paha.

• ʻO ka ʻelemakule a kāne paha.

• Paka paka.

• He makuahine, makuakāne, kaikuahine, a kaikunāne paha i loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpū.

ʻO nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi ʻōpū gastric me ka palaka ʻole a me ka hōʻeha ʻole o ka ʻōpū a ʻeha paha.

ʻO kēia a me nā ʻōuli a me nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe i kumu ʻia e ka maʻi ʻaʻai gastric a i ʻole nā ​​kūlana ʻē aʻe.

I nā wā mua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai gastric, hiki i kēia mau ʻōuli ke kū aʻe:

• Hoʻopilikia ʻole a me ka hōʻoluʻolu o ka ʻōpū.

• ʻO kahi manaʻo momona ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana.

• Mūlū māmā.

• Loaʻa ka ʻai ʻole.

• Puʻuwai puʻuwai.

I nā pae holomua o ka maʻi ʻōpū gastric, hiki i nā ʻōuli a me nā ʻōuli ke kū aʻe:

• Koko i loko o ka pahu.

• ʻO ka luaʻi

• ʻO ka hōʻemi kaumaha no ke kumu ʻole.

• ʻEha ʻōpū.

• Jaundice (melemele o nā maka a me ka ʻili).

• Ascites (kūkulu i ka wai i loko o ka ʻōpū).

• Pilikia i ka ale ʻana.

E nīnau me kāu kauka inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau pilikia.

Hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻāʻo e nānā i ka ʻōpū a me ka esophagus e ʻike (loaʻa) a ʻike ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai gastric.

Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻāʻo a me nā kaʻina hana aʻe:

• ʻO ka hoʻāʻo kino a me ka mōʻaukala: kahi hōʻike o ke kino e nānā i nā hōʻailona laulā o ke olakino, e like me ka nānā ʻana i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi, e like me nā puʻupuʻu a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻē aʻe e ʻano ʻē. E lawe ʻia kahi moʻolelo o nā ʻano olakino o ka mea maʻi a me nā maʻi i hala a me nā mālama ʻana.

• Nā aʻo kemika koko: kahi hana e nānā ʻia ai kahi hāpana koko e ana i ka nui o kekahi mau mea i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i loko o ke koko e nā mea a me nā mea i loko o ke kino. ʻO kahi mea maʻamau (ʻoi aʻe a i ʻole haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka maʻamau) o kahi mea hiki ke lilo i hōʻailona o ka maʻi.

• Helu piha o ke koko (CBC): Ke kaʻina hana e huki ʻia ai kahi laʻana o ke koko a nānā ʻia no kēia mau mea:

• ʻO ka helu o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula, nā aʻa koko keʻokeʻo, a me nā platelet.

• ʻO ka nui o ka hemoglobin (ka protein i hāpai i ka oxygen) i loko o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula.

• ʻO ka ʻāpana o ka laʻana i hana ʻia i nā hunaola ʻulaʻula.

• Endoscopy luna: kahi hana e nānā ai i loko o ka esophagus, ʻōpū, a me ka duodenum (ʻāpana mua o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi) e nānā ai no nā wahi kūpono ʻole. Hoʻomoe ʻia kahi endoscope (kahi lahilahi, Tube kukui) ma o ka waha a iho i ka ʻāʻī i loko o ka esophagus.

Palapala hope kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi puʻupuʻu lahilahi, uila i loko o ka waha e nānā no nā wahi kūpono ʻole i ka esophagus, ʻōpū, a me ka ʻāpana mua o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi.

• E ale ʻo Barium: He moʻo x-kukuna o ka esophagus a me ka ʻōpū. Inu ka mea hoʻomanawanui i kahi wai i loaʻa ka barium (kahi hui metallic kālā keʻokeʻo). Hoʻokomo ka wai i ka esophagus a me ka ʻōpū, a lawe ʻia nā x-ray. Kāhea ʻia kēia kaʻina hana he papa GI kiʻekiʻe.

E ale ʻo Barium no ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpū. E ale ka mea hoʻomanawanui i ka wai barium a kahe ia i loko o ka esophagus a i loko o ka ʻōpū. Lawe ʻia nā kukuna X e nānā no nā wahi kūpono ʻole.

• CT scan (CAT scan): Kahi hana e hana ai i ka moʻo o nā kiʻi kikoʻī o nā wahi i loko o ke kino, i lawe ʻia mai nā ʻaoʻao ʻokoʻa. Hana ʻia nā kiʻi e kahi kamepiula i hoʻopili ʻia i kahi mīkini x-ray. Hoʻokomo ʻia paha ke kala i loko o ke aa a i ʻole ale ʻia e kōkua i nā ʻōpū a i ʻole nā ​​kino i hōʻike hou aku me ka maopopo. Kāhea ʻia kēia kaʻina hana he tomography i helu ʻia, kamepiula tomography, a i ʻole he tomography axial computerized.

• ʻO Biopsy: Ka hemo ʻana o nā pūnaewele a i ʻole nāʻaʻaʻa i hiki iā lākou ke nānā ma lalo o kahi microscope e nānā ai i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Hana ʻia kahi biopsy o ka ʻōpū i ka manawa o ka endoscopy.

Hiki ke nānā ʻia i ka hāpana o nā kiko e ana i ka nui o nā gen HER2 a me ka nui o ka protein HER2 e hana ʻia ana. Inā he nui nā genes HER2 a i ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ka protein HER2 ma mua o ka maʻamau, ua kapa ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻa ʻo HER2 maikaʻi. Hiki ke mālama ʻia ʻo HER2-positive gastric cancer me kahi antibody monoclonal e kuhikuhi ana i ka protein HER2.

Hiki ke nānā ʻia i kahi laʻana o nāʻaʻaʻa no ka maʻi Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori).

Kū kekahi mau kumu i ka wānana (kahi o ke ola ʻana) a me nā koho lapaʻau.

ʻO ka wānana (loaʻa o ke ola) a me nā koho lapaʻau e pili i kēia:

• ʻO ke kahua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai (inā i loko wale o ka ʻōpū wale nō a i ʻole pālahalaha ʻia i nā lymph node a i ʻole nā ​​wahi ʻē aʻe i ke kino).

• ʻO ke olakino olakino o ka mea maʻi.

Ke loaʻa wawe i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpū, aia kahi manawa kūpono o ke ola ʻana. ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai Gastric ka mea pinepine i kahi pae holomua ke ʻike ʻia. I nā wā ma hope, hiki ke mālama ʻia i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpū akā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoola ʻia. Lawe ʻia i kahi o nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e hana nei e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka mālama ʻana e pono e noʻonoʻo. Loaʻa nā ʻike e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua mau mai ka pūnaewele NCI.

Nā pae o ka maʻi ʻaʻai Gastric

NA MANA KUNI

• Ma hope o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai gastric, hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua e ʻike inā ua pāhola nā hunaola maʻi ʻōpū i loko o ka ʻōpū a i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

• ʻEkolu ala e hoʻolaha ai ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ke kino.

• E laha paha ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai kahi i hoʻomaka ai i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

• Hoʻohana ʻia nā pae aʻe no ka maʻi ʻaʻai gastric:

• Kahua 0 (Carcinoma ma Situ)

• Ke kahua I

• Kahua II

• Kahua III

• Kahua IV

Ma hope o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai gastric, hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua e ʻike inā ua pāhola nā hunaola maʻi ʻōpū i loko o ka ʻōpū a i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

ʻO ke kaʻina hana e ʻike inā ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ka ʻōpū a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino i kapa ʻia he staging. ʻO ka ʻikepili i hōʻiliʻili ʻia mai ke kaʻina hana e hoʻoholo ai i ka pae o ka maʻi. He mea nui ia e ʻike i ke kahua i mea e hoʻolālā ai i ka lāʻau.

Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua aʻe a me nā kaʻina hana i ke kaʻina hoʻonohonoho:

• Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS): kahi hana e hoʻokomo ʻia ai kahi endoscope i loko o ke kino, ma o ka waha a pololei paha. ʻO ka endoscope kahi mea lahilahi, e like me ka Tube me kahi kukui a me nā aniani no ka nānā ʻana. Hoʻohana ʻia kahi hulina ma ka hopena o ka endoscope e hoʻāla ai i nā nalu kani ikaika (ultrasound) mai nā aʻa a i ʻole nā ​​ʻola a hana i nā leo. Hoʻokumu nā leo i kahi kiʻi o nā kino o ke kino i kapa ʻia he sonogram. Kāhea ʻia kēia kaʻina hana he endosonography.

• CT scan (CAT scan): kahi hana e hana ai i kahi o nā kiʻi kikoʻī o nā wahi i loko o ke kino, e like me ka umauma, ʻōpū, a i ʻole pelvis, i lawe ʻia mai nā kihi ʻokoʻa. Hana ʻia nā kiʻi e kahi kamepiula i hoʻopili ʻia i kahi mīkini x-ray. Hoʻokomo ʻia paha ke kala i loko o ke aa a i ʻole ale ʻia e kōkua i nā ʻōpū a i ʻole nā ​​kino i hōʻike hou aku me ka maopopo. Kāhea ʻia kēia kaʻina hana he tomography i helu ʻia, kamepiula tomography, a i ʻole he tomography axial computerized.

• PET scan (positron emission tomography scan): kahi hana e loaʻa ai nā puʻupuʻu tumo malignant i loko o ke kino. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi liʻiliʻi o ka glucose radioactive (kō) i loko o kahi aa koko. Hoʻopili ka scanner PET a puni ke kino a hana i kahi kiʻi o kahi e hoʻohana ʻia ai ka glucose i ke kino. ʻOi aku ka mālamalama o nā hunaola tumo ma ke kiʻi no ka mea ʻoi aku ka hana a lawe i ka glucose ma mua o ka hana ʻana o nā hunaola maʻamau. Hiki ke hana i kahi scan PET a me CT scan i ka manawa like. Kapa ʻia kēia ʻo PET-CT.

• MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) me gadolinium: Kahi hana e hoʻohana ai i ka magnet, nā nalu lekiō, a me kahi kamepiula e hana i kahi o nā kiʻi kikoʻī o nā wahi i loko o ke kino. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi mea i kapa ʻia ʻo gadolinium i kahi aa koko. Hōʻiliʻili ka gadolinium a puni nā hunaola maʻi ʻula i mea e mālamalama ai lākou i ke kiʻi. Kāhea ʻia kēia kaʻina hana he kiʻi nukelea kiʻi resonance (NMRI).

• Laparoscopy: Ke kaʻina hana e nānā i nā mea o loko o ka ʻōpū e nānā i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi. Hana ʻia nā ʻoki liʻiliʻi (ʻoki) i ka paia o ka ʻōpū a hoʻokomo ʻia kahi laparoscope (kahi wīwī lahilahi, kukui) i hoʻokahi o nā ʻokiʻoki. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā mea hana ʻē aʻe ma o ka ʻoki a like ʻē aʻe paha e hana ai i nā kaʻina hana e like me ka hemo ʻana o nā meaola a i ʻole ke lawe ʻana i nā mea kikoʻī e nānā ʻia ma lalo o kahi microscope no nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Hiki ke holoi ʻia kahi hopena ma luna o ka ʻili o nā ʻōpū i loko o ka ʻōpū a laila hemo e hōʻiliʻili i nā hunaola. Nānā ʻia kēia mau hunaola ma lalo o kahi microscope e nānā ai i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

ʻEkolu ala e hoʻolaha ai ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ke kino.

Hiki ke pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma o nā meaola, ka ʻōnaehana lymph, a me ke koko.

• Kāpena. Hoʻolahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai kahi i hoʻomaka ai i ka ulu ʻana i nā wahi kokoke.

• ʻŌnaehana Lymph. Hoʻolahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai kahi i hoʻomaka ai i ke komo ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana lymph. Hele ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma o nā kīʻaha lymph i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

• Koko. Hoʻolahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai kahi i hoʻomaka ai i ke komo ʻana i ke koko. Hele ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma o nā kīʻaha koko i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

E laha paha ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai kahi i hoʻomaka ai i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

Ke pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i kekahi ʻāpana o ke kino, ua kapa ʻia ia ʻo metastasis. E haki nā hunaola maʻi 'aʻai mai kahi a lākou i hoʻomaka ai (ka tumo mua) a hele i loko o ka ʻōnaehana lymph a i ʻole ke koko.

• ʻŌnaehana Lymph. Komo ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ka ʻōnaehana lymph, hele ma waena o nā kīʻaha lymph, a hana i kahi tumo (tumo metastatic) i kekahi ʻāpana o ke kino.

• Koko. Komo ke kanesa i loko o ke koko, hele ma waena o nā kīʻaha koko, a hana i kahi tumo (tumo metastatic) i kekahi ʻāpana o ke kino.

ʻO ka tumo metastatic ka ʻano like o ke kanesa me ka tumo mua. ʻO kahi laʻana, inā pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpū i ke ake, nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ke akepaʻa he mau ʻōnaehana maʻi ʻōpū gastric. ʻO ka maʻi ka maʻi ʻaʻai gastric metastatic, ʻaʻole ka maʻi ʻaʻai ate.

Hoʻohana ʻia nā pae aʻe no ka maʻi ʻaʻai gastric:

Kahua 0 (Carcinoma ma Situ)

I ke kahua 0, ʻike ʻia nā hunaola ʻino ma ka mucosa (ma loko loa o ka paia ʻōpū. Hiki i kēia mau ʻino ʻino ke lilo i maʻi ʻaʻai a hohola ʻia i loko o nā kiko maʻamau. Kāhea ʻia ka pae 0 carcinoma in situ.

Nā papa o ka paia o ka ʻōpū. ʻO ka paia o ka ʻōpū i hana ʻia me ka mucosa (ʻāpana hohonu), submucosa, ʻāpana musele, subserosa, a me serosa (ʻaoʻao waho). ʻO ka ʻōpū kahi ʻōpū i loko o ka ʻōpū luna.

Ke kahua I

Māhele ʻia ka pae I i nā pae IA a me IB.

• ʻO ke kahua IA: ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ka mucosa (loko o ka paia o ka ʻōpū a ua pālahalaha ʻia paha i ka submucosa (ʻāpana o nā aʻa kokoke i ka mucosa)

• ʻOihana IB: Ka maʻi ʻaʻai:

• ua hana i ka mucosa (loko o ka paia o ka paia o ka ʻōpū a ua pālahalaha paha i ka submucosa (ʻāpana o nā aʻa kokoke i ka mucosa). Ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i 1 a i ʻole 2 mau lymph node kokoke; a i ʻole

• ua hana i ka mucosa o ka paia o ka ʻōpū a ua pālahalaha aʻe i ka papa o ka mākala.

Kahua II

Māhele ʻia ka maʻi ʻōpū gastric pae II i nā pae IIA a me IIB.

• Kahua IIA: maʻi ʻaʻai:

• ua pālahalaha paha i ka submucosa (ʻāpana o nā aʻa kokoke i ka mucosa) o ka paia ʻōpū. Ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i 3 a i 6 mau lymph node kokoke; a i ʻole

• ua pālahalaha aʻe i ka papa o ka mākala o ka paia ʻōpū. Ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i 1 a i ʻole 2 mau lymph node kokoke; a i ʻole

• ua pālahalaha aku i ka subserosa (ahu o nā mea hoʻopili pili aʻe i ka papa o ka mākala) o ka paia ʻōpū.

• Kahua IIB: maʻi ʻaʻai:

• ua pālahalaha paha i ka submucosa (ʻāpana o nā aʻa kokoke i ka mucosa) o ka paia ʻōpū. Ua pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i 7 a 15 paha nā lymph node kokoke; a i ʻole

• ua pālahalaha aʻe i ka papa o ka mākala o ka paia ʻōpū. Ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i 3 a i 6 mau lymph node kokoke; a i ʻole

• ua pālahalaha aku i ka subserosa (ahu o nā mea hoʻopili pili aʻe i ka papa o ka mākala) o ka paia ʻōpū. Ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i 1 a i ʻole 2 mau lymph node kokoke; a i ʻole

• ua pālahalaha aku i ka serosa (waho loa) o ka paia ʻōpū.

Kahua III

Māhele ʻia ka maʻi ʻōpū gastric pae III i nā pae IIIA, IIIB, a me IIIC.

• Kahua IIIA: ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai:

• i ka ʻili mākala o ka paia ʻōpū. Ua pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i 7 a 15 paha nā lymph node kokoke; a i ʻole

• i ka subserosa (ʻāpana o nā mea hoʻopili pili i ka ʻili o ka pale) o ka paia ʻōpū. Ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i 3 a i 6 mau lymph node kokoke; a i ʻole

• i ka serosa (waho loa) o ka paia ʻōpū. Ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i 1 a i 6 mau lymph node kokoke; a i ʻole

• i nā ʻōpili kokoke, e like me ka lūlū, kolona, ​​ate, diaphragm, pancreas, pā o ka ʻōpū, adrenal gland, kidney, a i ʻole ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi, a i ʻole ka hope o ka ʻōpū.

• Kahua IIIB: maʻi ʻaʻai:

• ua pālahalaha paha i ka submucosa (ʻāpana o nā aʻa kokoke i ka mucosa) a i ʻole i ka ʻāʻī o ka pā o ka ʻōpū. Ua pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i 16 a ʻoi paha nā lymph node kokoke; a i ʻole

• ua pālahalaha aʻe i ka subserosa (ʻāpana o nā mea hoʻopili pili i ka ʻili o ka mākala) a i ʻole ka serosa (waho loa) o ka paia ʻōpū. Ua pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i 7 a 15 paha nā lymph node kokoke; a i ʻole

• ua pālahalaha ʻia mai ka ʻōpū a hiki i nā mea kokoke, e like me ka pelupelu, kolonā, ate, diaphragm, pancreas, pā o ka ʻōpū, adrenal gland, kidney, a i ʻole ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi, a i ʻole ka hope o ka ʻōpū.

Ua pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i 1 a i 6 mau kiko lymph kokoke.

• Kahua IIIC: ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai:

• i ka subserosa (ʻāpana o nā mea hoʻopili pili aʻe i ka papa o ka mākala) a i ʻole ka serosa (waho loa) o ka paia ʻōpū. Ua pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i 16 a ʻoi paha nā lymph node kokoke; a i ʻole

• mai ka ʻōpū i nā mea pili kokoke, e like me ka lūlū, kolona, ​​ate, diaphragm, pancreas, pā o ka ʻōpū, kelena adrenal, hakuʻala, a i ʻole ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi, a i ʻole ka hope o ka ʻōpū. Ua pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i 7 a ʻoi paha nā lymph node kokoke.

Kahua IV

I ka pae IV, ua pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino, e like me nā akemāmā, ke ake, nā pūnana lymph mamao, a me nā mea i kū i ka paia o ka ʻōpū.

Ka maʻi ʻaʻai Gastric hou

ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpū hou he maʻi ʻaʻai ia i hoʻi hou (hoʻi) ma hope o ka mālama ʻia ʻana. E hoʻi paha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ka ʻōpū a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino e like me ke akepaʻa a i ʻole nā ​​lymph node.

Laulā Manaʻo Option Oponopono

NA MANA KUNI

• Aia nā ʻano lapaʻau like ʻole no nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai gastric.

• Hoʻohana ʻia ʻehiku ʻano o ka mālama maʻamau.

• ʻOki kino

• ʻO ka endoscopic mucosal resection

• ʻO Chemotherapy

• Lapaʻau hoʻomākala

• ʻO Chemoradiation

• Pahuhopu kau ʻia

• Immunotherapy

• Ke hoʻāʻo ʻia nei nā ʻano lapaʻau hou i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.

• ʻO ka mālama ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai gastric ke kumu o nā hopena.

• Makemake paha nā mea maʻi e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana.

• Hiki i nā mea maʻi ke komo i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ma mua, i ka wā, a ma hope paha o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i kā lākou mālama maʻi ʻaʻai.

• Pono paha nā hoʻokolohua ukali.

Aia nā ʻano lapaʻau like ʻole no nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai gastric.

Loaʻa nā ʻano lapaʻau like ʻole no nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai gastric. Kūlana maʻamau kekahi mau hōʻailona (ʻo ka lāʻau i hoʻohana ʻia i kēia manawa), a ʻo kekahi e hoʻāʻo ʻia nei i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua. ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua lapaʻau kahi noiʻi noiʻi i manaʻo ʻia e kōkua i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā mālama ʻana i kēia manawa a i ʻole loaʻa ka ʻike e pili ana i nā mālama hou no nā maʻi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Ke hōʻike nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kahi lapaʻau hou ma mua o ka maʻamau maʻamau, lilo paha ka lāʻau hou i ka lapaʻau maʻamau. Makemake paha nā mea maʻi e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana. ʻO kekahi mau hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e hāmama wale i nā mea maʻi i hoʻomaka ʻole i ka lāʻau.

Hoʻohana ʻia ʻehiku ʻano o ka mālama maʻamau.

ʻOki kino

ʻO ke kaha he lāʻau maʻamau no nā pae āpau o ka maʻi ʻaʻai gastric. Hiki ke hoʻohana i nā ʻano o ke kaha ʻana:

• Subtotal gastrectomy: Ka hemo ʻana o ka ʻaoʻao o ka ʻōpū i loaʻa ka maʻi ʻaʻai, nā lymph node kokoke, a me nā ʻāpana o nā aʻa a me nā mea ʻē kokoke i ka tumo. Hiki ke hemo i ka ʻōpala. ʻO ka spleen kahi mea hana i nā lymphocytes, mālama i nā hunaola ʻulaʻula a me nā lymphocytes, kānana i ke koko, a luku i nā huna koko kahiko. Aia ka spleen ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka ʻōpū kokoke i ka ʻōpū.

• Huina gastrectomy: Ka hemo ʻana o ka ʻōpū holoʻokoʻa, nā lymph node kokoke, a me nā ʻāpana o ka esophagus, ʻōpū liʻiliʻi, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe kokoke i ka tumo. Hiki ke hemo i ka ʻōpala. Pili ka esophagus i ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi i hiki i ka mea hoʻomanawanui ke hoʻomau i ka ʻai a ale.

Inā pale ka ʻōpū i ka ʻōpū akā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻopau loa ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai e ka ʻoki maʻamau, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā kaʻina hana aʻe:

• Hoʻonoho stent Endoluminal: kahi hana e hoʻokomo ai i kahi stent (kahi lahilahi, Tube hoʻonui) i mea e wehe ai kahi ala (e like me nā aʻa a i ʻole ka esophagus). No nā tumors e ālai ana i ke ala i loko a i ʻole ma waho o ka ʻōpū, hiki ke hana ʻia ke keʻoki e hoʻonoho i kahi stent mai ka esophagus a i ka ʻōpū a mai ka ʻōpū a i ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi e ʻae i ka mea maʻi e ʻai maʻamau.

• Endoluminal laser therapy: kahi hana e hoʻokomo ʻia ai kahi endoscope (kahi paipu lahilahi, kukui) me kahi kukuna i loko o ke kino. ʻO ka kukuna kahi kukuna kukuna o ke kukui i hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he pahi.

• Gastrojejunostomy: ʻO ke kaha e wehe i ka ʻaoʻao o ka ʻōpū me ka maʻi ʻaʻai e ālai ana i ka wehe i loko o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi. Pili ka ʻōpū i ka jejunum (kahi ʻāpana o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi) e ʻae ai i ka meaʻai a me nā lāʻau mai ka ʻōpū i loko o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi.

ʻO ka endoscopic mucosal resection

ʻO ke endoscopic mucosal resection kahi hana e hoʻohana ai i ka endoscope e hoʻoneʻe i ke kanesa pae mua a me nā ulu mua mai ka uhi ʻana o ka tract digestive me ka ʻoki ʻole. ʻO ka endoscope kahi mea lahilahi, e like me ka Tube me kahi kukui a me nā aniani no ka nānā ʻana. Hoʻopili pū paha ia i nā pono hana e hemo i nā ulu ʻana mai ka pale o ka tract digestive.

ʻO Chemotherapy

ʻO Chemotherapy kahi lāʻau lapaʻau maʻi maʻi e hoʻohana i nā lāʻau e hōʻoki i ka ulu ʻana o nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai, ma ka luku ʻana paha i nā hunaola a i ʻole ke kū ʻana iā lākou mai ka hoʻokaʻawale Ke lawe ʻia ka chemotherapy e ka waha a i ʻole injected i loko o kahi aa koko a i ʻole nā ​​mākala, komo nā lāʻau i ke kahe o ke koko a hiki ke kiʻi i nā hunaola maʻi ʻōpio i loko o ke kino (chemotherapy ʻōnaehana). Ke waiho pololei ʻia ka chemotherapy i loko o ka wai cerebrospinal, kahi hui, a i ʻole ke kino o ke kino e like me ka ʻōpū, hoʻopili ka lāʻau i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o kēlā mau wahi (chemotherapy āpana). Hāʻawi ʻia ke ala o ka chemotherapy i ka ʻano a me ke kahua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai e mālama ʻia.

Ke aʻo ʻia nei kahi ʻano chemotherapy āpana e mālama ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻai gastric ma muli o ka chemotherapy intraperitoneal (IP). I ka chemotherapy IP, lawe pololei ʻia nā lāʻau anticancer i loko o ka lua peritoneal (kahi e loaʻa ai nā ʻōpū o nā ʻōpū) ma o ka paipu lahilahi.

ʻO ka hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) kahi lāʻau i hoʻohana ʻia i ka wā o ke ʻoki e hoʻopaʻa ʻia no ka maʻi ʻaʻai gastric. Ma hope o ka hemo ʻana o ke kaukōpō e like me ka hiki ke hiki, ua hoʻouna pololei ʻia ka chemotherapy i loko o ka lua peritoneal.

E ʻike i nā lāʻau i ʻae ʻia no ka ʻōpū (Gastric) maʻi ʻaʻai no ka ʻike hou aku.

Lapaʻau hoʻomākala

ʻO ka radiation radiation kahi lāʻau maʻi maʻi maʻi e hoʻohana i nā kukuna x nui ikaika a i ʻole nā ​​ʻano radiation e hoʻomake i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai a mālama ʻole paha i ka ulu ʻana. ʻElua ʻano o radiation radiation:

• Hoʻohana ka radiation radiation kūwaho i kahi mīkini ma waho o ke kino e hoʻouna i ka radiation i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

• Hoʻohana ka radiation radiation i loko i kahi lāʻau radioactive i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā nila, nā hua, nā uea, a i ʻole nā ​​catheters i kau pololei ʻia i loko a kokoke paha i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Hāʻawi ʻia ke ala o ka radiation radiation i ke ʻano a me ke kahua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai e mālama ʻia. Hoʻohana ʻia ka radiation radiation kūwaho e mālama ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻai gastric.

ʻO Chemoradiation

Hoʻohui ka chemoradiation therapy i ka chemotherapy a me ka radiation therapy e hoʻonui i nā hopena o nā mea ʻelua. Hāʻawi ʻia ka chemoradiation ma hope o ke kaha ʻana, e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka makaʻu e hoʻi mai ka maʻi ʻaʻai, i kapa ʻia ʻo adjuvant therapy. Hāʻawi ʻia ka chemoradiation ma mua o ke kaha ʻana, e hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ka tumo (neoadjuvant therapy).

Pahuhopu kau ʻia

ʻO ka therapy target kahi ʻano lapaʻau e hoʻohana i nā lāʻau a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻē aʻe e ʻike a hoʻouka i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai me ka ʻole e hōʻeha i nā hunaola maʻamau. ʻO nā monoclonal antibodies a me nā mea kāohi multikinase nā ʻano o ka hoʻomōkino hoʻomāka hoʻohana ʻia i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai gastric.

• Monoclonal antibody therapy: Ke hoʻohana nei kēia ʻano o ka lāʻau i nā mea pale i hana ʻia i loko o ke keʻena hoʻokolohua mai kahi ʻano hoʻokahi o ke kikowaena pale pale Hiki i kēia mau lāʻau ʻino ke hoʻomaopopo i nā mea ma nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai a i ʻole nā ​​mea maʻamau e kōkua ai i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. Hoʻopili nā mea ʻino i nā mea a pepehi i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai, ālai i ko lākou ulu ʻana, a i ʻole mālama iā lākou mai ka hoʻolaha ʻana. Hāʻawi ʻia nā antibodies Monoclonal e ka hoʻokomo. Hoʻohana wale ʻia lākou a i ʻole lawe i nā lāʻau, toxins, a i ʻole radioactive pono i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai.

Aia kekahi mau ʻano o nā lāʻau monoclonal antibody:

• Palaka ʻo Trastuzumab i ka hopena o ka ulu nui o ka protein HER2, e hoʻouna i nā hōʻailona ulu i nā aʻa maʻi ʻaʻai gastric

• Palaka ʻo Ramucirumab i ka hopena o kekahi mau protein, me ke kumu o ka ulu ʻana o ka endothelial vascular. Hiki i kēia ke kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai a make paha iā lākou. Hiki iā ia ke pale i ka ulu ʻana o nā kīʻaha koko e pono ai e ulu nā tumors.

Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Trastuzumab a me ramucirumab i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai gastric pae IV a me ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpū i hiki ʻole ke hemo e ke ʻoki a i ʻole hoʻi hou.

• Nā mea kūpale Multikinase: ʻO kēia nā lāʻau liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi e hele ma waena o ka membrane pūnaewele a hana i loko o nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai e pale i nā hōʻailona protein he nui e pono ai nā hunaola maʻi ulu a ʻāpana. Loaʻa i kekahi mau mea kūpale multikinase nā hopena inhibitor angiogenesis. Hoʻopau nā mea hoʻonāuki Angiogenesis i ka ulu ʻana o nā kīʻaha koko hou e pono ai nā tumors e ulu.

Aia nā ʻano like ʻole o nā lāʻau hoʻokiʻoki multikinase:

• ʻO Regorafenib kahi mea kāohi multikinase a me ka mea hōʻoki angiogenesis e ālai ana i nā hopena o nā proteins he nui i loko o nā cell tumor. Ke aʻo ʻia nei ʻo Regorafenib i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai gastric pae IV a me ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpū i hiki ʻole ke hemo ʻia e ke ʻoki ʻana a i ʻole hoʻi hou.

E ʻike i nā lāʻau i ʻae ʻia no ka ʻōpū (Gastric) maʻi ʻaʻai no ka ʻike hou aku.

Immunotherapy

ʻO ka Immunotherapy kahi lapaʻau e hoʻohana i ka ʻōnaehana pale maʻi o ka mea maʻi e hakakā i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Hoʻohana ʻia nā mea i hana ʻia e ke kino a i hana ʻia paha i kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua e hoʻonui, kuhikuhi, a hoʻihoʻi hou i nā pale kūlohelohe o ke kino i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Kāhea ʻia kēia ʻano lapaʻau maʻi ʻaʻai a biotherapy a i ʻole biologic therapy.

ʻO ke ʻano ʻo Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy kekahi ʻano o ka immunotherapy.

• Hoʻomaʻamaʻa inhibitor checkpoint Immune: PD-1 kahi protein i ka ʻili o nā pūnaewele T e kōkua ai e mālama i nā pane pale o ke kino i ka nānā. Ke hoʻopili aku ʻo PD-1 i kahi protein ʻē aʻe i kapa ʻia ʻo PDL-1 ma kahi hunaola maʻi ʻoki, paʻa ia i ke kele T mai ka luku ʻana i ka pūnaeho maʻi maʻi. Hoʻopili nā mea pale PD-1 i PDL-1 a ʻae i nā hunaola T e pepehi i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻO Pembrolizumab kahi ʻano o ka mea nāna e pale i ka nānā ʻana

Mea hoʻopukapuka hōʻoiaʻiʻo pale pale. ʻO nā protein checkpoint, e like me PD-L1 ma nā hunaola tumo a me PD-1 ma nā hunaola T, e kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i nā pane pale ʻole. Mālama ka paʻa ʻana o PD-L1 iā PD-1 mālama i nā hunaola T mai ka pepehi ʻana i nā hunaola tumora i loko o ke kino (panel hema). Ke kāpae nei i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o PD-L1 iā PD-1 me kahi mea pale pale pale pale pale (anti-PD-L1 a i ʻole anti-PD-1) ʻae i nā hunaola T e pepehi i nā hunaola tumera (ʻaoʻao ʻākau)

E ʻike i nā lāʻau i ʻae ʻia no ka ʻōpū (Gastric) maʻi ʻaʻai no ka ʻike hou aku.

Ke hoʻāʻo ʻia nei nā ʻano lapaʻau hou i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.

Loaʻa nā ʻike e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua mai ka pūnaewele NCI.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai gastric ke kumu o nā hopena.

No ka ʻike e pili ana i nā hopena i hopena ʻia e ka lapaʻau ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai, e ʻike i kā mākou ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao.

Makemake paha nā mea maʻi e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana.

No kekahi mau mea maʻi, ke komo nei i ka hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ke koho lapaʻau maikaʻi loa paha. ʻO nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua kahi ʻāpana o ka noiʻi ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e ʻike inā palekana a maikaʻi a maikaʻi paha nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa maʻi ʻaʻai ma mua o ka maʻamau maʻamau.

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā hana maʻamau no ka maʻi ʻaʻai i kau ʻia ma nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua mua. ʻO nā mea maʻi i komo i ka hoʻokolokolo hoʻokolohua hiki ke loaʻa i ka lāʻau maʻamau a i ʻole i waena o nā mea mua i loaʻa kahi lāʻau hou.

ʻO nā mea maʻi i komo i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua kōkua pū kekahi i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ka wā e hiki mai ana. ʻOiai ʻaʻole nā ​​alakaʻi hoʻokolohua e alakaʻi i nā hoʻoponopono hou maikaʻi, pane pinepine lākou i nā nīnau nui a kōkua i ka neʻe i mua o ka noiʻi.

Hiki i nā mea maʻi ke komo i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ma mua, i ka wā, a ma hope paha o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i kā lākou mālama maʻi ʻaʻai.

Hoʻopili wale kekahi mau hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua i nā mea maʻi i loaʻa ʻole ka lapaʻau. ʻO nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe e hōʻoia i nā mālama ʻana no ka poʻe maʻi i loaʻa ʻole ka maikaʻi o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Aia kekahi mau hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e hoʻāʻo i nā ala hou e hōʻoki i ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai ka hoʻi hou ʻana (hoʻi ʻana) a hōʻemi paha i nā hopena o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Ke mālama ʻia nei nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ma nā wahi he nui o ka ʻāina. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka ʻike e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e kākoʻo ʻia e NCI ma ka pūnaewele ʻimi noiʻi hoʻokolohua a NCI. Hiki ke loaʻa nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua i kākoʻo ʻia e nā hui ʻē aʻe ma ka pūnaewele ClinicalTrials.gov.

Pono paha nā hoʻokolohua ukali.

ʻO kekahi o nā hoʻokolohua i hana ʻia e hōʻoia i ka maʻi ʻaʻai a i ʻole e ʻike i ke kahua o ka maʻi ʻaʻaʻa e hana hou ʻia paha. E hana hou ʻia kekahi mau hōʻike i mea e ʻike ai i ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana. Hoʻoholo ʻia nā hoʻoholo e pili ana inā e hoʻomau, hoʻololi, a kū paha i ka lāʻau ʻana ma nā hopena o kēia mau hoʻāʻo.

E hoʻomau ʻia kekahi o nā hoʻokolohua mai kēlā me kēia manawa ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka lāʻau. Hiki i nā hopena o kēia mau hoʻāʻo ke hōʻike inā ua loli kou ʻano a i ʻole inā ua hoʻi hou ke kanesa. Kapa ʻia kēia mau hoʻāʻo i kekahi manawa nā hoʻokolohua ukali a i ʻole nā ​​loiloi.

E hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe:

• Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) mea o loko a me CA 19-9 mea o loko: A i ke kaʻina hana ma i ka hāpana'aʻaʻa ua kulana kupono e ana i na dala o kekahi mau waiwai i ma nā loko, nā'aʻaʻa, aʻeho aeee i loko o ke kino. Hoʻopili ʻia kekahi mau mea i kekahi ʻano ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai ke loaʻa i nā pae hoʻonui i ke kino. Kapa ʻia kēia mau mea he tumers mark. ʻOi aku ke kiʻekiʻe ma mua o nā pae maʻamau o carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) a me CA 19-9 i hoʻi mai ka maʻi ʻaʻai gastric ma hope o ka lapaʻau ʻana.

Nā koho lapaʻau e ke kahua

Ma keia Pauku

• Kahua 0 (Carcinoma ma Situ)

• ʻO ke kahua maʻi maʻi ʻaʻai Gastric

• Mahele II a me III Gastric Cancer

• ʻOihana IV Gastric Cancer, Gastric Cancer ʻaʻole hiki ke hemo ʻia e ka ʻoki kino, a me ka maʻi ʻaʻai Gastric hou.

No ka ʻike e pili ana i nā lāʻau i helu ʻia ma lalo, e ʻike i ka ʻaoʻao Overtion Option Overview.

Kahua 0 (Carcinoma ma Situ)

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka pae 0 i kēia mau mea:

• ʻOki kino (huina a i ʻole subtotal gastrectomy).

• ʻO ka endoscopic mucosal resection.

E hoʻohana i kā mākou ʻimi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e ʻike i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua maʻi maʻi i kākoʻo ʻia e NCI e ʻae nei i nā mea maʻi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻimi i nā hoʻāʻo e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ka makahiki o ka mea hoʻomanawanui, a kahi e hana ʻia ai nā hoʻokolokolo. Loaʻa nā ʻike laulā e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.

ʻO ke kahua maʻi maʻi ʻaʻai Gastric

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻōpū gastric pae i loko o kēia mau mea:

• ʻOki kino (huina a i ʻole subtotal gastrectomy).

• ʻO ka endoscopic mucosal resection no kekahi mau maʻi me ka maʻi IA gastric maʻi ʻaʻai.

• ʻOki kino (huina a i ʻole subtotal gastrectomy) ukali ʻia e ka chemoradiation therapy.

• ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o ka chemoradiation therapy i hāʻawi ʻia ma mua o ka ʻoki ʻana.

E hoʻohana i kā mākou ʻimi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e ʻike i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua maʻi maʻi i kākoʻo ʻia e NCI e ʻae nei i nā mea maʻi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻimi i nā hoʻāʻo e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ka makahiki o ka mea hoʻomanawanui, a kahi e hana ʻia ai nā hoʻokolokolo. Loaʻa nā ʻike laulā e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.

Mahele II a me III Gastric Cancer

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai gastric pae II a me ka maʻi ʻōpū gastric pae ʻekolu paha i loko o kēia mau mea:

• ʻOki kino (huina a i ʻole subtotal gastrectomy).

• Hāʻawi ʻia ʻo Chemotherapy ma mua o ke kaha ʻana.

• ʻOki kino (huina a i ʻole subtotal gastrectomy) ukali ʻia e chemoradiation therapy a chemotherapy paha.

• ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o ka chemoradiation therapy i hāʻawi ʻia ma mua o ka ʻoki ʻana.

• Hāʻawi ʻia kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o ka chemotherapy ma mua o ke ʻoki ʻana.

E hoʻohana i kā mākou ʻimi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e ʻike i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua maʻi maʻi i kākoʻo ʻia e NCI e ʻae nei i nā mea maʻi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻimi i nā hoʻāʻo e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ka makahiki o ka mea hoʻomanawanui, a kahi e hana ʻia ai nā hoʻokolokolo. Loaʻa nā ʻike laulā e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.

ʻOihana IV Gastric Cancer, Gastric Cancer ʻaʻole hiki ke hemo ʻia e ka ʻoki kino, a me ka maʻi ʻaʻai Gastric hou.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻōpū ʻōpū IV, ka maʻi ʻaʻai gastric i hiki ʻole ke hemo ʻia e ke ʻoki ʻana, a i ʻole ʻo ka maʻi ʻaʻai gastric hou paha e komo pū me kēia

• ʻO Chemotherapy ma ke ʻano he palliative therapy e hōʻoluʻolu i nā hōʻailona a hoʻomaikaʻi i ke ʻano o ke ola.

• Hoʻopaʻa kaulike ʻia me kahi antibody monoclonal me a i ʻole chemotherapy.

• Immunotherapy.

• Endoluminal kukuna Inc a i ʻole endoluminal stent kau e hoʻomaha ai i ka blockage i loko o ka ʻōpū, a i ʻole gastrojejunostomy e kāpae i ka blockage.

• ʻO ka radiation radiation ma ke ʻano he palliative therapy e hoʻōki i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko, hōʻoluʻolu i ka ʻeha, a i ʻole hōʻemi i kahi tumo e ālai ana i ka ʻōpū

• ʻO ke ʻoki kino e like me ka palliative therapy e hoʻōki i ke kahe ʻana a i ʻole ke emi ʻana i kahi tumo e ālai ana i ka ʻōpū.

• ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o nā hui hou o chemotherapy ma ke ʻano he palliative therapy e hōʻoluʻolu i nā hōʻailona a hoʻomaikaʻi i ke ʻano o ke ola.

• ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o ka hoʻomāka hoʻomāka ʻia me kahi mea hoʻopaneʻe multikinase.

• ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o ke kaha a me ka chemotherapy intraperitoneal hyperthermic (HIPEC).

E hoʻohana i kā mākou ʻimi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e ʻike i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua maʻi maʻi i kākoʻo ʻia e NCI e ʻae nei i nā mea maʻi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻimi i nā hoʻāʻo e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ka makahiki o ka mea hoʻomanawanui, a kahi e hana ʻia ai nā hoʻokolokolo. Loaʻa nā ʻike laulā e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.

E aʻo hou e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai Gastric

No ka ʻike hou aku mai ka National Cancer Institute e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpū, e ʻike i ka mea aʻe:

• ʻŌpū (Gastric) ʻAoʻao Home Kanaka

• ʻŌpū (Gastric) Kāohi ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai

• ʻŌpū (Gastric) Ke nānā ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai

• Nā Cancers Kūpono ʻole o ka Hoʻōla Pēpē

• Nā Lasers i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai

• Ua ʻae ʻia nā lāʻau no ka ʻōpū (Gastric) maʻi ʻaʻai

• Paka (me ke kōkua me ka haʻalele ʻana)

• Helicobacter pylori a me ka maʻi ʻaʻai

No ka ʻike ākea maʻi ʻaʻai a me nā kumuwaiwai ʻē aʻe mai ka National Cancer Institute, e ʻike i ka mea aʻe:

• E pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai

• Ke hoʻokū nei

• ʻO Chemotherapy a ʻo ʻoe: Kākoʻo no ka poʻe me ka maʻi ʻaʻai

• Radiation Therapy a ʻo ʻoe: Kākoʻo no ka poʻe me ka maʻi ʻaʻai

• Ke kāohi nei i ka maʻi ʻaʻai

• Nā nīnau e nīnau ai i kāu kauka e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai

• No nā mea ola a me nā mea mālama