Nā ʻano / pancreatic / hoʻomanawanui / pancreatic-lapaʻau-pdq
Nā ʻikepili i loko
- 1 Hoʻomaʻamaʻa pancreatic cancer lapaʻau (makua) (®)
- 1.1 ʻO ka ʻike ākea e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai Pancreatic
- 1.2 Nā pae o ka maʻi ʻaʻai Pancreatic
- 1.3 Laulā Manaʻo Option Oponopono
- 1.4 Hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻole Resectable a i ʻole Borderline
- 1.5 Hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka maʻi maʻi Pancreatic Advanced Locally Advanced
- 1.6 Hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka Metastatic a i ʻole Recrepens Pancreatic Cancer
- 1.7 Palliative Therapy
- 1.8 E aʻo hou e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai Pancreatic
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa pancreatic cancer lapaʻau (makua) (®)
ʻO ka ʻike ākea e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai Pancreatic
NA MANA KUNI
- ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai Pancreatic kahi maʻi kahi e kū ai nā maʻi malignant (cancer) i loko o nā aʻa o ka pancreas.
- Hiki i ka uahi a me ka mōʻaukala olakino ke hoʻopili i ka makaʻu o ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic.
- ʻO nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic me ka jaundice, ka ʻeha, a me ka pohō kaumaha.
- He paʻakikī ka maʻi ʻaʻai Pancreatic e kuhi mua.
- Hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻāʻo e nānā i ka pancreas e kuhikuhi a loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic.
- Kū kekahi mau kumu i ka wānana (kahi o ke ola ʻana) a me nā koho lapaʻau.
ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai Pancreatic kahi maʻi kahi e kū ai nā maʻi malignant (cancer) i loko o nā aʻa o ka pancreas.
ʻO ka pancreas kahi gland ma kahi o 6 ʻīniha ka lōʻihi e like me ka pea lahilahi e waiho ana ma kona ʻaoʻao. ʻO ke poʻo ākea o ka pancreas i kapa ʻia ʻo ke poʻo, ʻo ka ʻāpana waena i kapa ʻia ʻo ke kino, a ʻo ka hope haiki ua kapa ʻia ʻo ka huelo. Aia ka pancreas ma waena o ka ʻōpū a me ka iwi kuamoʻo.
ʻElua mau hana nui a ka pancreas i ke kino.
- E hana i nā wai momona e kōkua ai e hōʻeli (wāwahi) i ka meaʻai.
- E hana i nā homone, e like me ka insulin a me ka glucagon, e kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i nā pae kō kō. Kōkua kēia mau hormones ʻelua i ke kino e hoʻohana a mālama i ka ikehu e loaʻa mai i ka meaʻai.
Hana ʻia nā wai digestive e nā excrine pancreas cells a hana ʻia nā homone e nā endocrine pancreas cells. Ma kahi o 95% o nā maʻi maʻi pancreatic e hoʻomaka ai i nā hunaola exocrine.
ʻO kēia hōʻuluʻulu e pili ana i ka exocrine cancer pancreatic. No ka ʻike e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai endocrine pancreatic, e ʻike i ka hōʻuluʻulu e pili ana iā Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors (Islet Cell Tumors).
No ka ʻike e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic i nā keiki, e ʻike i ka hōʻuluʻulu e pili ana i ke ʻano ʻo Cancer Pancreatic Cancer.
Hiki i ka uahi a me ka mōʻaukala olakino ke hoʻopili i ka makaʻu o ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic.
ʻO nā mea āpau e hoʻonui i kou makaʻu i ka loaʻa ʻana i kahi maʻi i kapa ʻia he kumu weliweli. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi mea pilikia ʻaʻole ia he kumu e loaʻa ʻoe i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻaʻohe o nā kumu pilikia ʻaʻole ia he kumu ʻaʻole ʻoe e loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka inā manaʻo ʻoe ua makaʻu paha ʻoe.
ʻO nā kumu pilikia no ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic me kēia mau mea:
- Puhipaka.
- Kaumaha nui loa.
- Ke loaʻa nei kahi moʻolelo pilikino o ka maʻi kō a i ʻole pancreatitis mau.
- Ke loaʻa nei i kahi moʻolelo ʻohana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic a i ʻole pancreatitis.
- Loaʻa nā kūlana hoʻoilina, e like me:
- ʻO ka neoplasia endocrine type 1 (MEN1) maʻi he nui.
- Hereditary nonpolyposis kolone maʻi ʻaʻai (HNPCC; Lynch maʻi pale).
- von Hippel-Lindau maʻi.
- ʻO Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome.
- ʻO ka umauma hoʻoilina a me ka maʻi ʻaʻai ovarian cancer.
- Familial atypical mau mole melanoma (FAMMM) maʻi.
- Ataxia-telangiectasia.
ʻO nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic me ka jaundice, ka ʻeha, a me ka pohō kaumaha.
ʻAʻole hiki i ka maʻi ʻaʻai Pancreatic ke kumu i nā ʻōuli a i ʻole nā hōʻailona mua. Hoʻokumu ʻia nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli e ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic a i ʻole nā ʻano ʻē aʻe. E hōʻoia me kāu kauka inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau mea:
- Jaundice (melemele o ka ʻili a keʻokeʻo o nā maka).
- ʻO nā noho noho waihoʻoluʻu māmā.
- Mimi ʻeleʻele.
- ʻEha ma ka ʻōpū ma luna a ma waena hoʻi o hope.
- ʻO ka hōʻemi kaumaha no ke kumu ʻole.
- Loaʻa ka ʻai ʻole.
- Luhi nui loa.
He paʻakikī ka maʻi ʻaʻai Pancreatic e kuhi mua.
He paʻakikī ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai Pancreatic i nā diagnose no nā kumu aʻe:
- ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona a hōʻailona paha i nā wā mua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic.
- ʻO nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic, ke loaʻa, e like me nā hōʻailona a me nā hōʻailona o nā maʻi ʻē aʻe he nui.
- Hūnā ʻia ka pancreas ma hope o nā mea ʻē aʻe e like me ka ʻōpū, ʻōpū liʻiliʻi, ake, gallbladder, spleen, a me nā dile bile.
Hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻāʻo e nānā i ka pancreas e kuhikuhi a loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic.
Hoʻomaopopo pinepine ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai Pancreatic me nā hoʻokolohua a me nā kaʻina hana e hana ai i nā kiʻi o ka pancreas a me nā wahi a puni. Hoʻohana ke kaʻina hana e ʻike inā ua pāhola nā hunaola maʻi ʻea i loko a puni kahi o ka pancreas i kapa ʻia he staging. Hoʻomaʻa pinepine ʻia nā hoʻokolohua a me nā kaʻina hana e ʻike, ʻike, a me nā kanesa maʻi pancreatic i ka manawa like. I mea e hoʻolālā ai i ka lāʻau, he mea nui ia e ʻike i ke kahua o ka maʻi a inā ʻaʻole hiki ke hemo i ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic e ka ʻoki kino.
Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻāʻo a me nā kaʻina hana aʻe:
- ʻO ka hoʻāʻo kino a me ka mōʻaukala olakino: kahi hōʻike o ke kino e nānā i nā hōʻailona laulā o ke olakino, e like me ka nānā ʻana i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi, e like me nā puʻupuʻu a i ʻole nā mea ʻē aʻe e ʻano ʻē. E lawe ʻia kahi moʻolelo o nā ʻano olakino o ka mea maʻi a me nā maʻi i hala a me nā mālama ʻana.
- Nā aʻo kemika koko: kahi hana e nānā ʻia ai kahi laʻana koko e ana i ka nui o kekahi mau mea, e like me bilirubin, i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i loko o ke koko e nā mea a me nā mea i loko o ke kino ʻO kahi mea maʻamau (ʻoi aʻe a i ʻole haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka maʻamau) o kahi mea hiki ke lilo i hōʻailona o ka maʻi.
- Nānā hōʻailona Tumor: kahi hana e nānā ʻia ai kahi laʻana o ke koko, mimi, a i ʻole nā mea kikoʻī e ana i ka nui o kekahi mau mea, e like me CA 19-9, a me carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), i hana ʻia e nā ʻokena, nāʻaʻaʻa, a i ʻole nā tumola i ke kino. Hoʻopili ʻia kekahi mau mea i kekahi ʻano ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai ke loaʻa i nā pae hoʻonui i ke kino. Kapa ʻia kēia mau mea he tumers mark.
- MRI (kiʻi resonance ʻume mākenēki): kahi hana e hoʻohana ai i ka magnet, nā nalu lekiō, a me kahi kamepiula e hana i kahi moʻo o nā kiʻi kikoʻī o nā wahi i loko o ke kino. Kāhea ʻia kēia kaʻina hana he kiʻi nukelea kiʻi resonance (NMRI).
- CT scan (CAT scan): Kahi hana e hana ai i ka moʻo o nā kiʻi kikoʻī o nā wahi i loko o ke kino, i lawe ʻia mai nā ʻaoʻao ʻokoʻa. Hana ʻia nā kiʻi e kahi kamepiula i hoʻopili ʻia i kahi mīkini x-ray. Hoʻokomo ʻia paha ke kala i loko o ke aa a i ʻole ale ʻia e kōkua i nā ʻōpū a i ʻole nā kino i hōʻike hou aku me ka maopopo. Kāhea ʻia kēia kaʻina hana he tomography i helu ʻia, kamepiula tomography, a i ʻole he tomography axial computerized. Hana kahi CT CT spiral a helical paha i kahi kiʻi o nā kiʻi kikoʻī loa o nā wahi i loko o ke kino e hoʻohana ana i ka mīkini x-ray e nānā i ke kino i kahi ala ʻoni.
- PET scan (positron emission tomography scan): kahi hana e loaʻa ai nā puʻupuʻu tumo malignant i loko o ke kino. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi liʻiliʻi o ka glucose radioactive (kō) i loko o kahi aa koko. Hoʻopili ka scanner PET a puni ke kino a hana i kahi kiʻi o kahi e hoʻohana ʻia ai ka glucose i ke kino. ʻOi aku ka mālamalama o nā hunaola tumo ma ke kiʻi no ka mea ʻoi aku ka hana a lawe i ka glucose ma mua o ka hana ʻana o nā hunaola maʻamau. Hiki ke hana i kahi scan PET a me CT scan i ka manawa like. Kapa ʻia kēia ʻo PET-CT.
- ʻO ke ultrasound ʻōpū: kahi hōʻike ultrasound i hoʻohana ʻia e hana i nā kiʻi o loko o ka ʻōpū. Hoʻopili ka transducer ultrasound i ka ʻili o ka ʻōpū a kuhikuhi i nā nalu kani ikaika (ultrasound) i loko o ka ʻōpū. Kū aʻe ka nalu kani i nā aʻa a me nā ʻola o loko a hana i nā leo. Loaʻa i ka transducer nā leo a hoʻouna iā lākou i kahi kamepiula, kahi e hoʻohana ai i nā leo e hana i nā kiʻi i kapa ʻia he sonograms. Hiki ke paʻi ʻia ke kiʻi e nānā ma hope.
- Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS): kahi hana e hoʻokomo ʻia ai kahi endoscope i loko o ke kino, ma o ka waha a pololei paha. ʻO ka endoscope kahi mea lahilahi, e like me ka Tube me kahi kukui a me nā aniani no ka nānā ʻana. Hoʻohana ʻia kahi hulina ma ka hopena o ka endoscope e hoʻāla ai i nā nalu kani ikaika (ultrasound) mai nā aʻa a i ʻole nā ʻola a hana i nā leo. Hoʻokumu nā leo i kahi kiʻi o nā kino o ke kino i kapa ʻia he sonogram. Kāhea ʻia kēia kaʻina hana he endosonography.
- Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP): ʻO kahi kaʻina hana i hoʻohana ʻia e x-ray i nā aʻa (nā paipu) e halihali i ka lāʻau mai ke ake a i ka gallbladder a mai ka gallbladder a i ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi. I kekahi manawa hoʻopiʻi ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic i kēia mau aniani e ololi a ālai a lohi paha i ke kahe o ka bile, e hana ana i ka jaundice. Hoʻomoe ʻia kahi endoscope (kahi lahilahi, Tube kukui) ma o ka waha, esophagus, a me ka ʻōpū i ka ʻāpana mua o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi catheter (kahi paipu liʻiliʻi) ma o ka endoscope i loko o nā kahe pancreatic. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi kala ma o ka catheter i loko o nā kahe a lawe ʻia kahi x-ray. Inā kāohi ʻia nā aʻa e ka tumo, e hoʻokomo ʻia kahi paipu maikaʻi i loko o ke kēna e wehe iā ia. E waiho ʻia kēia paipu (a i ʻole stent) i wahi e wehe ai ke duct. Hiki ke lawe ʻia i nā laikini kuni.
- Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC): kahi hana i hoʻohana ʻia e x-ray i ke akepaʻa a me nā aʻa o ka bile. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi kui kele ma o ka ʻili ma lalo o nā iwi ʻaoʻao a i ke ake. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka kala i ke akepaʻa a i ʻole nā aʻa aʻa a lawe ʻia kahi x-ray. Inā loaʻa kahi paʻa, kahi paipu lahilahi a maʻalahi hoʻi i kapa ʻia he stent i kekahi manawa e waiho ʻia i ke akepaʻa e hoʻokahe i ka bile i loko o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi a i ʻole ʻeke ʻohi ma waho o ke kino. Hana ʻia kēia hōʻike inā ʻaʻole hiki i ka ERCP ke hana.
- Laparoscopy: Ke kaʻina hana e nānā i nā mea o loko o ka ʻōpū e nānā i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi. Hana ʻia nā ʻoki liʻiliʻi (ʻoki) i ka paia o ka ʻōpū a hoʻokomo ʻia kahi laparoscope (kahi wīwī lahilahi, kukui) i hoʻokahi o nā ʻokiʻoki. Loaʻa paha i ka laparoscope kahi ʻimi ultrasound ma ka hopena i mea e pahu ai i nā hawewe kani ikaika nui mai nā mea kūloko, e like me ka pancreas. Kapa ʻia kēia ʻo ultrasound laparoscopic. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā mea hana ʻē aʻe ma o ka ʻoki a like ʻē aʻe paha e hana ai i nā kaʻina hana e like me ka lawe ʻana i nā kiko kiko mai ka pancreas a i ʻole kahi laʻana o ka wai mai ka ʻōpū e nānā i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.
- ʻO Biopsy: Ka lawe ʻia ʻana o nā pūnaewele a i ʻole nāʻaʻaʻa i hiki ai iā lākou ke ʻike ma lalo o kahi microscope e kahi pathologist e nānā i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Nui a hewahewa nā ala e hana ai i kahi biopsy no ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic. Hiki ke hoʻokomo ʻia i kahi nila kuʻikuʻi a i ʻole ke kui nui i loko o ka pancreas i ka manawa o kahi x-ray a i ʻole ultrasound e hemo ai i nā pūnaewele. Hiki ke hoʻoneʻe ʻia ke kele i ka wā o kahi laparoscopy a i ʻole ke ʻoki e wehe ai i ka tumo.
Kū kekahi mau kumu i ka wānana (kahi o ke ola ʻana) a me nā koho lapaʻau.
Pili ka wānana a me nā koho lapaʻau i kēia mau mea:
- Inā hiki ke hemo ʻia ka tumo e ka ʻoki ʻana.
- ʻO ke kahua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai (ka nui o ka tumo a inā paha ua pāhola ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma waho o ka pancreas i nā aʻa kokoke a i ʻole nā lymph node a i nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ke kino).
- ʻO ke olakino olakino o ka mea maʻi.
- Inā ua hōʻoia wale ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai a i ʻole ua hoʻi hou (hoʻi.
Hiki ke kāohi ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai Pancreatic inā loaʻa ma mua o ka palahalaha ʻana, ke hiki ke hoʻopau loa ʻia e ka ʻoki kino. Inā ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai, hiki i ka lapaʻau palliative ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ke ola o ka mea maʻi ma o ka kaohi ʻana i nā ʻōuli a me nā pilikia o kēia maʻi.
Nā pae o ka maʻi ʻaʻai Pancreatic
NA MANA KUNI
- Hana pinepine ʻia nā hoʻāʻo a me nā kaʻina hana i ke kanulau maʻi pancreatic i ka manawa like me ke kuhi.
- ʻEkolu ala e hoʻolaha ai ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ke kino.
- E laha paha ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai kahi i hoʻomaka ai i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.
- Hoʻohana ʻia nā pae aʻe no ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic:
- Kahua 0 (Carcinoma ma Situ)
- Ke kahua I
- Kahua II
- Kahua III
- Kahua IV
- Hoʻohana ʻia nā hui aʻe e hoʻolālā i ka lāʻau:
- ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai maʻi pancreatic
- ʻO ka maʻi maʻi pancreatic resectable ka palena
- ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic holomua
- Ka maʻi ʻaʻai maʻi pancreatic Metastatic
- Kanesa maʻi pancreatic hou
Hana pinepine ʻia nā hoʻāʻo a me nā kaʻina hana i ke kanulau maʻi pancreatic i ka manawa like me ke kuhi.
ʻO ke kaʻina hana e ʻike inā ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ka pancreas a i ʻole nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino i kapa ʻia he staging. ʻO ka ʻikepili i hōʻiliʻili ʻia mai ke kaʻina hana e hoʻoholo ai i ka pae o ka maʻi. He mea nui e ʻike i ke kahua o ka maʻi i mea e hoʻolālā ai i ka lāʻau. ʻO nā hopena o kekahi o nā hoʻokolohua i hoʻohana ʻia e ʻike ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic e hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e hoʻokumu i ka maʻi. E ʻike i ka ʻikepili ʻaoʻao ākea no ka ʻike hou aku.
ʻEkolu ala e hoʻolaha ai ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ke kino.
Hiki ke pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma o nā meaola, ka ʻōnaehana lymph, a me ke koko.
- Kāpena. Hoʻolahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai kahi i hoʻomaka ai i ka ulu ʻana i nā wahi kokoke.
- ʻŌnaehana Lymph. Hoʻolahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai kahi i hoʻomaka ai i ke komo ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana lymph. Hele ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma o nā kīʻaha lymph i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.
- Koko. Hoʻolahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai kahi i hoʻomaka ai i ke komo ʻana i ke koko. Hele ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma o nā kīʻaha koko i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.
E laha paha ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai kahi i hoʻomaka ai i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.
Ke pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i kekahi ʻāpana o ke kino, ua kapa ʻia ia ʻo metastasis. E haki nā hunaola maʻi 'aʻai mai kahi a lākou i hoʻomaka ai (ka tumo mua) a hele i loko o ka ʻōnaehana lymph a i ʻole ke koko.
- ʻŌnaehana Lymph. Komo ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ka ʻōnaehana lymph, hele ma waena o nā kīʻaha lymph, a hana i kahi tumo (tumo metastatic) i kekahi ʻāpana o ke kino.
- Koko. Komo ke kanesa i loko o ke koko, hele ma waena o nā kīʻaha koko, a hana i kahi tumo (tumo metastatic) i kekahi ʻāpana o ke kino.
ʻO ka tumo metastatic ka ʻano like o ke kanesa me ka tumo mua. ʻO kahi laʻana, inā pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic i ke ake, ʻo nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ke akepaʻa he mau pūnaʻi maʻi maʻi pancreatic. ʻO ka maʻi maʻi he maʻi maʻi pancreatic metastatic, ʻaʻole ka maʻi ʻaʻai ate.
Hoʻohana ʻia nā pae aʻe no ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic:
Kahua 0 (Carcinoma ma Situ)
I ke kahua 0, ʻike ʻia nā hunaola ʻino i ka pale o ka pancreas. Hiki i kēia mau ʻino ʻino ke lilo i maʻi ʻaʻai a hohola ʻia i loko o nā kiko maʻamau. Kāhea ʻia ka pae 0 carcinoma in situ.
Ke kahua I
I ke kahua I, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai a loaʻa ʻia i ka pancreas wale nō. Māhele ʻia ka pae I i nā pae IA a me IB, kaukaʻi ʻia i ka nui o ka tumo.
- Kahua IA: ʻO ka tumo he 2 kenimika a ʻoi iki paha.
- ʻOihana IB: ʻOi aku ka nui o ka tumo ma mua o 2 kenimika akā ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o 4 centimita.
Kahua II
- Māhele ʻia ka pae II i nā pae IIA a me IIB, kaukaʻi ʻia i ka nui o ka tumo a me kahi i laha ai ka maʻi ʻaʻai.
ʻOihana IIA: ʻOi aku ka nui o ka tumo ma mua o 4 centimika.
- ʻOihana IIB: He nui ka tumo a ua pāhola ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i 1 a i 3 mau lymph node kokoke.
Kahua III
I ke kahua III, he nui ka tumo a ua pāhola ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i:
- ʻehā a ʻoi paha nā lymph node kokoke; a i ʻole
- nā kīʻaha koko nui e kokoke ana i ka pancreas.
Kahua IV
I ke kahua IV, he nui ka tumo a ua pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino, e like me ke akepaʻa, nā akemāmā, a me nā lua peritoneal (ka lua o ke kino i loaʻa ka hapa nui o nā ʻokena i loko o ka ʻōpū).
Hoʻohana ʻia nā hui aʻe e hoʻolālā i ka lāʻau:
ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai maʻi pancreatic
Hiki ke hemo i ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic e ka ʻoki ʻana no ka mea ʻaʻole ia i ulu i loko o nā kīʻaha koko kokoke i ka tumo.
ʻO ka maʻi maʻi pancreatic resectable ka palena
Ua ulu aʻe ka maʻi ʻaʻai reserable pancreatic i loko o kahi kīʻaha koko nui a i ʻole nā mea kokoke a i ʻole nā meaola. Hiki paha ke hemo i ka tumo, akā nui ka makaʻu i ka hemo ʻole o nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai me ke ʻoki kino.
ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic holomua
Ua ulu a kū kokoke paha ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic ma kahi kokoke i nā lymph node a i ʻole nā kīʻaha koko, no laila ʻaʻole hiki i ke ʻoki ke hoʻopau loa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.
Ka maʻi ʻaʻai maʻi pancreatic Metastatic
Ua pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic metastatic i nā meaola ʻē aʻe, no laila ʻaʻole hiki i ke kahakaha ke hoʻopau loa i ke kanesa.
Kanesa maʻi pancreatic hou
Ua hoʻi hou ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic (hoʻi) ma hope o ka mālama ʻia ʻana. E hoʻi paha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ka pancreas a i ʻole nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.
Laulā Manaʻo Option Oponopono
NA MANA KUNI
- Aia nā ʻano lapaʻau like ʻole no nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic.
- Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano ʻelima o ka mālama maʻamau.
- ʻOki kino
- Lapaʻau hoʻomākala
- ʻO Chemotherapy
- Hoʻoikaika kemikala
- Pahuhopu kau ʻia
- Aia kekahi mau lapaʻau no ka ʻeha i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic.
- ʻO nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic he pono pilikino e pono ai.
- Ke hoʻāʻo ʻia nei nā ʻano lapaʻau hou i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.
- ʻO ka mālama ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic e hopena i nā hopena ʻaoʻao.
- Makemake paha nā mea maʻi e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana.
- Hiki i nā mea maʻi ke komo i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ma mua, i ka wā, a ma hope paha o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i kā lākou mālama maʻi ʻaʻai.
- Pono paha nā hoʻokolohua ukali.
Aia nā ʻano lapaʻau like ʻole no nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic.
Loaʻa nā ʻano lapaʻau like ʻole no nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic. Kūlana maʻamau kekahi mau hōʻailona (ʻo ka lāʻau i hoʻohana ʻia i kēia manawa), a ʻo kekahi e hoʻāʻo ʻia nei i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua. ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua lapaʻau kahi noiʻi noiʻi i manaʻo ʻia e kōkua i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā mālama ʻana i kēia manawa a i ʻole loaʻa ka ʻike e pili ana i nā mālama hou no nā maʻi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Ke hōʻike nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kahi lapaʻau hou ma mua o ka maʻamau maʻamau, lilo paha ka lāʻau hou i ka lapaʻau maʻamau. Makemake paha nā mea maʻi e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana. ʻO kekahi mau hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e hāmama wale i nā mea maʻi i hoʻomaka ʻole i ka lāʻau.
Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano ʻelima o ka mālama maʻamau.
ʻOki kino
Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kekahi o nā ʻano ʻoki aʻe e lawe i ka tumo:
- Ke kaʻina whipple: kahi hana ʻokiʻoki kahi e lawe ʻia ai ke poʻo o ka pancreas, ka gallbladder, kahi o ka ʻōpū, kahi ʻāpana o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi, a me ke kahena o ka iwi. Ua lawa nā pancreas e waiho i nā wai digestive a me ka insulin.
- Huina pancreatectomy: Lawe kēia hana i ka pancreas holoʻokoʻa, ʻāpana o ka ʻōpū, ʻāpana o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi, ke aʻa o ka bile maʻamau, ka gallbladder, ka spleen, a me nā lymph node kokoke.
- Distal pancreatectomy: ʻO ke kaha e wehe i ke kino a me ka huelo o ka pancreas. Hiki ke hoʻoneʻe ʻia ke kōkō inā ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ka ʻāpala.
Inā ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai a ʻaʻole hiki ke hemo, hiki ke hana ʻia i kēia ʻano ʻano ʻoki palliative e hōʻoluʻolu ai i nā ʻōuli a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ke ola.
- Holo ʻo Biliary: Inā ke ālai nei ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ka aʻa aʻa a ke kūkulu nei ka bile i loko o ka gallbladder, hana ʻia paha kahi bypass biliary. I loko o kēia hana, ʻokiʻoki ke kauka i ka gallbladder a i ʻole ke dule o ka bile i kahi ma mua o ka paʻa ʻana a humuhumu i ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi e hana i kahi ala hou a puni ka wahi i ālai ʻia.
- Hoʻonoho stent endoscopic: Inā ke ālai nei ka tumo i ke kahena o ka bile, hiki ke hana ʻia ke kaha ʻana e waiho i kahi stent (kahi paipu lahilahi) e hoʻokahe i ka iwi i kūkulu ʻia i ka wahi. Hiki i ke kauka ke kau i ka stent ma o kahi catheter e hoʻokahe i ka bile i loko o kahi ʻeke ma waho o ke kino a i ʻole hele paha ka stent a puni ka wahi i ālai ʻia a hoʻokahe i ka iwi i loko o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi.
- Holo ʻo Gastric: Inā ke ālai nei ka tumo i ke kahe o ka meaʻai mai ka ʻōpū, e humuhumu pololei ʻia ka ʻōpū i ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi i hiki i ka mea maʻi ke hoʻomau i ka ʻai maʻamau.
Lapaʻau hoʻomākala
ʻO ka radiation radiation kahi lāʻau maʻi maʻi maʻi e hoʻohana i nā kukuna x nui ikaika a i ʻole nā ʻano radiation e hoʻomake i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai a mālama ʻole paha i ka ulu ʻana. Hoʻohana ka radiation radiation kūwaho i kahi mīkini ma waho o ke kino e hoʻouna i ka radiation i kahi o ke kino me ka maʻi ʻaʻai.
ʻO Chemotherapy
ʻO Chemotherapy kahi lāʻau lapaʻau maʻi maʻi e hoʻohana i nā lāʻau e hōʻoki i ka ulu ʻana o nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai, ma ka luku ʻana i nā hunaola a i ʻole ke kāpae ʻana iā lākou mai ka hoʻokaʻawale. Ke lawe ʻia ka chemotherapy e ka waha a i ʻole injected i loko o kahi aa koko a i ʻole nā mākala, komo nā lāʻau i ke kahe o ke koko a hiki ke kiʻi i nā hunaola maʻi ʻōpio i loko o ke kino (chemotherapy ʻōnaehana). Hoʻohui ka chemotherapy hui me ka hoʻohana ʻana ma mua o hoʻokahi lāʻau anticancer.
E ʻike i nā lāʻau i ʻāpono ʻia no ka maʻi ʻaʻai Pancreatic no ka ʻike hou aku.
Hoʻoikaika kemikala
Hoʻohui ka chemoradiation therapy i ka chemotherapy a me ka radiation therapy e hoʻonui i nā hopena o nā mea ʻelua.
Pahuhopu kau ʻia
ʻO ka therapy target kahi ʻano lapaʻau e hoʻohana i nā lāʻau a i ʻole nā mea ʻē aʻe e ʻike a hoʻouka aku i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. Hiki i nā mea hoʻomākaukau pahuhopu ke hōʻemi i ka hōʻeha i nā hunaola maʻamau ma mua o ka chemotherapy a i ʻole radiation radiation. Hoʻopili ʻia nā mea hoʻohālua ʻo Tyrosine kinase (TKI) i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pale ai i nā hōʻailona e ulu ai nā tumors. ʻO Erlotinib kahi ʻano TKI i hoʻohana ʻia e mālama i ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic.
E ʻike i nā lāʻau i ʻāpono ʻia no ka maʻi ʻaʻai Pancreatic no ka ʻike hou aku.
Aia kekahi mau lapaʻau no ka ʻeha i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic.
Hiki ke hana i ka ʻeha ke paʻi ka tumo ma nā ʻalolo a i ʻole nā mea ʻē aʻe kokoke i ka pancreas. Ke lawa ʻole ka lāʻau ʻeha, aia kekahi mau hana e hana ma nā aʻalolo i loko o ka ʻōpū e hōʻoluʻolu i ka ʻeha. Hoʻokomo paha ke kauka i ka lāʻau i loko o ka wahi e pili ana i nā ʻalolo āpau a i ʻole ʻoki paha i nā aʻalolo e ālai ai i ka ʻeha. Hiki i ka radiation radiation me ka ʻole a me ka chemotherapy ke kōkua i ka hōʻeha i ka ʻeha ma ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi ʻana i ka tumo. E ʻike i ka hōʻuluʻulu ma Cancer Pain no ka ʻike hou aku.
ʻO nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic he pono pilikino e pono ai.
ʻO ke kaha e wehe i ka pancreas e hoʻopili i kona hiki ke hana i nā enzyme pancreatic e kōkua ai i ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai. A ʻo kahi hopena, he mau pilikia paha kā ka poʻe maʻi e ʻeli ʻana i ka meaʻai a me ka omo ʻana i nā meaʻai i loko o ke kino. I mea e pale aku ai i ka hōʻino kino, hiki i ke kauka ke kuhikuhi i nā lāʻau e pani i kēia mau ʻenemona. E ʻike i ka hōʻuluʻulu e pili ana i ka meaʻai ma ka mālama maʻi ʻaʻai no ka ʻike hou aku.
Ke hoʻāʻo ʻia nei nā ʻano lapaʻau hou i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.
Hōʻike kēia ʻāpana hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo i nā mālama e hoʻopaʻa ʻia nei i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua. ʻAʻole paha ia e ʻōlelo i kēlā me kēia lapaʻau hou e hoʻopaʻa ʻia ana. Loaʻa nā ʻike e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua mai ka pūnaewele NCI.
ʻO ka mālama ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic e hopena i nā hopena ʻaoʻao.
No ka ʻike e pili ana i nā hopena i hopena ʻia e ka lapaʻau ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai, e ʻike i kā mākou ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao.
Makemake paha nā mea maʻi e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana.
No kekahi mau mea maʻi, ke komo nei i ka hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ke koho lapaʻau maikaʻi loa paha. ʻO nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua kahi ʻāpana o ka noiʻi ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e ʻike inā palekana a maikaʻi a maikaʻi paha nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa maʻi ʻaʻai ma mua o ka maʻamau maʻamau.
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā hana maʻamau no ka maʻi ʻaʻai i kau ʻia ma nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua mua. ʻO nā mea maʻi i komo i ka hoʻokolokolo hoʻokolohua hiki ke loaʻa i ka lāʻau maʻamau a i ʻole i waena o nā mea mua i loaʻa kahi lāʻau hou.
ʻO nā mea maʻi i komo i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua kōkua pū kekahi i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ka wā e hiki mai ana. ʻOiai ʻaʻole nā alakaʻi hoʻokolohua e alakaʻi i nā hoʻoponopono hou maikaʻi, pane pinepine lākou i nā nīnau nui a kōkua i ka neʻe i mua o ka noiʻi.
Hiki i nā mea maʻi ke komo i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ma mua, i ka wā, a ma hope paha o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i kā lākou mālama maʻi ʻaʻai.
Hoʻopili wale kekahi mau hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua i nā mea maʻi i loaʻa ʻole ka lapaʻau. ʻO nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe e hōʻoia i nā mālama ʻana no ka poʻe maʻi i loaʻa ʻole ka maikaʻi o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Aia kekahi mau hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e hoʻāʻo i nā ala hou e hōʻoki i ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai ka hoʻi hou ʻana (hoʻi ʻana) a hōʻemi paha i nā hopena o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.
Ke mālama ʻia nei nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ma nā wahi he nui o ka ʻāina. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka ʻike e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e kākoʻo ʻia e NCI ma ka pūnaewele ʻimi noiʻi hoʻokolohua a NCI. Hiki ke loaʻa nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua i kākoʻo ʻia e nā hui ʻē aʻe ma ka pūnaewele ClinicalTrials.gov.
Pono paha nā hoʻokolohua ukali.
ʻO kekahi o nā hoʻokolohua i hana ʻia e hōʻoia i ka maʻi ʻaʻai a i ʻole e ʻike i ke kahua o ka maʻi ʻaʻaʻa e hana hou ʻia paha. E hana hou ʻia kekahi mau hōʻike i mea e ʻike ai i ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana. Hoʻoholo ʻia nā hoʻoholo e pili ana inā e hoʻomau, hoʻololi, a kū paha i ka lāʻau ʻana ma nā hopena o kēia mau hoʻāʻo.
E hoʻomau ʻia kekahi o nā hoʻokolohua mai kēlā me kēia manawa ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka lāʻau. Hiki i nā hopena o kēia mau hoʻāʻo ke hōʻike inā ua loli kou ʻano a i ʻole inā ua hoʻi hou ke kanesa. Kapa ʻia kēia mau hoʻāʻo i kekahi manawa nā hoʻokolohua ukali a i ʻole nā loiloi.
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻole Resectable a i ʻole Borderline
No ka ʻike e pili ana i nā lāʻau i helu ʻia ma lalo, e ʻike i ka ʻaoʻao Overtion Option Overview.
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia i ka maʻi kanesa resectable a i ʻole borderline e hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia i kēia mau mea:
- ʻO Chemotherapy me a me ka ʻole o radiation radiation a ukali ʻia e ke kahakaha.
- ʻOki kino.
- ʻO ke ʻoki lāʻau i ukali ʻia e chemotherapy.
- Pākuʻi ukali ʻia e ka chemoradiation.
- ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o ka chemotherapy a me / a i ʻole radiation radiation ma mua o ke kaha ʻana.
- ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o nā ala like ʻole o ka hāʻawi ʻana i radiation radiation.
Hiki i ke ʻoki kino ke wehe i ka tumo ke komo i ke kaʻina Whipple, ka nui o ka pancreatectomy, a i ʻole ka pancreatectomy distal.
Hiki ke hoʻomaka i ka palliative therapy i kēlā me kēia pae o ka maʻi. E ʻike i ka ʻāpana Palliative Therapy no ka ʻike e pili ana i nā lāʻau e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka maikaʻi o ke ola a hōʻoluʻolu paha i nā ʻōuli i nā maʻi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic.
E hoʻohana i kā mākou ʻimi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e ʻike i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua maʻi maʻi i kākoʻo ʻia e NCI e ʻae nei i nā mea maʻi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻimi i nā hoʻāʻo e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ka makahiki o ka mea hoʻomanawanui, a kahi e hana ʻia ai nā hoʻokolokolo. Loaʻa nā ʻike laulā e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka maʻi maʻi Pancreatic Advanced Locally Advanced
No ka ʻike e pili ana i nā lāʻau i helu ʻia ma lalo, e ʻike i ka ʻaoʻao Overtion Option Overview.
ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic i holomua ma kahi wahi e komo pū paha me kēia:
- Chemotherapy me a i ʻole me ka ʻole o ka hoʻomōkino hoʻomāka.
- Chemotherapy a me chemoradiation.
- ʻOki kino (Whipple kaʻina hana, huina pancreatectomy, a i ʻole distal pancreatectomy).
- Palliative ʻoki kino a stent kau ʻana e kāpae i nā wahi i kāpae ʻia i nā aniani a i ʻole ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi. Hiki i kekahi mau mea maʻi ke loaʻa ka chemotherapy a me ka chemoradiation e hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ka tumor e ʻae i ke ʻoki ʻana.
- ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o nā anticancer therapies hou me chemotherapy a i ʻole chemoradiation.
- ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o ka radiation radiation i hāʻawi ʻia i ka wā o ke kahakaha a i ʻole radiation radiation i loko.
Hiki ke hoʻomaka i ka palliative therapy i kēlā me kēia pae o ka maʻi. E ʻike i ka ʻāpana Palliative Therapy no ka ʻike e pili ana i nā lāʻau e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka maikaʻi o ke ola a hōʻoluʻolu paha i nā ʻōuli i nā maʻi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic.
E hoʻohana i kā mākou ʻimi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e ʻike i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua maʻi maʻi i kākoʻo ʻia e NCI e ʻae nei i nā mea maʻi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻimi i nā hoʻāʻo e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ka makahiki o ka mea hoʻomanawanui, a kahi e hana ʻia ai nā hoʻokolokolo. Loaʻa nā ʻike laulā e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka Metastatic a i ʻole Recrepens Pancreatic Cancer
No ka ʻike e pili ana i nā lāʻau i helu ʻia ma lalo, e ʻike i ka ʻaoʻao Overtion Option Overview.
ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic i metastasized a i ʻole hoʻi hou paha e hoʻopili i kēia mau mea:
- Chemotherapy me a i ʻole me ka ʻole o ka hoʻomōkino hoʻomāka.
- Nā hoʻāʻo hoʻokolohua o nā konohiki anticancer hou me ka ʻole o ka chemotherapy.
Hiki ke hoʻomaka i ka palliative therapy i kēlā me kēia pae o ka maʻi. E ʻike i ka ʻāpana Palliative Therapy no ka ʻike e pili ana i nā lāʻau e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka maikaʻi o ke ola a hōʻoluʻolu paha i nā ʻōuli i nā maʻi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic.
E hoʻohana i kā mākou ʻimi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e ʻike i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua maʻi maʻi i kākoʻo ʻia e NCI e ʻae nei i nā mea maʻi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻimi i nā hoʻāʻo e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ka makahiki o ka mea hoʻomanawanui, a kahi e hana ʻia ai nā hoʻokolokolo. Loaʻa nā ʻike laulā e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.
Palliative Therapy
No ka ʻike e pili ana i nā lāʻau i helu ʻia ma lalo, e ʻike i ka ʻaoʻao Overtion Option Overview.
Hiki i ka palliative therapy ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ke ola o ka mea maʻi ma o ka kaohi ʻana i nā ʻōuli a me nā pilikia o ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic.
ʻO ka palliative therapy no ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic me kēia:
- Palliative ʻoki kino a stent kau ʻana e kāpae i nā wahi i kāpae ʻia i nā aniani a i ʻole ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi.
- Palliative radiation therapy e kōkua i ka hōʻoluʻolu i ka ʻeha ma ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka tumo.
- ʻO ka injection o ka lāʻau e kōkua i ka hōʻoluʻolu i ka ʻeha ʻana ma ke ālai ʻana i nā aʻalolo ma ka ʻōpū.
- Mālama ʻē aʻe wale nō ka mālama olakino palliative.
E hoʻohana i kā mākou ʻimi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e ʻike i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua maʻi maʻi i kākoʻo ʻia e NCI e ʻae nei i nā mea maʻi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻimi i nā hoʻāʻo e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ka makahiki o ka mea hoʻomanawanui, a kahi e hana ʻia ai nā hoʻokolokolo. Loaʻa nā ʻike laulā e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.
E aʻo hou e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai Pancreatic
No ka ʻike hou aku mai ka National Cancer Institute e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic, e ʻike i ka mea aʻe:
- ʻAoʻao Home Pūkī Pancreatic
- ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai maʻi Pancreatic Cancer
- Ua ʻae ʻia nā lāʻau no ka maʻi ʻaʻai Pancreatic
- ʻO nā Therapy Cancer i kau ʻia
No ka ʻike ākea maʻi ʻaʻai a me nā kumuwaiwai ʻē aʻe mai ka National Cancer Institute, e ʻike i ka mea aʻe:
- E pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai
- Ke hoʻokū nei
- ʻO Chemotherapy a ʻo ʻoe: Kākoʻo no ka poʻe me ka maʻi ʻaʻai
- Radiation Therapy a ʻo ʻoe: Kākoʻo no ka poʻe me ka maʻi ʻaʻai
- Ke kāohi nei i ka maʻi ʻaʻai
- Nā nīnau e nīnau ai i kāu kauka e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai
- No nā mea ola a me nā mea mālama
E hoʻohā i ka ʻōlelo hoʻohou auto-refresher