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ʻO ka Hodgkin Childhood Lymphoma lapaʻau (®) - Mana Mana Manaʻo

ʻO ka ʻikepili e pili ana i ka Childhood Hodgkin Lymphoma

NA MANA KUNI

• ʻO ka Hodgkin lymphoma kamaliʻi kahi maʻi kahi i kū ai nā pūnaewele malignant (cancer) i ka ʻōnaehana lymph.

• ʻO nā ʻano nui ʻelua o ka wā kamaliʻi Hodgkin lymphoma ka mea maʻamau a me ka nodular lymphocyte-predominant.

• ʻO ka maʻi maʻi Epstein-Barr a me ka moʻolelo ʻohana o Hodgkin lymphoma hiki ke hoʻonui i ka makaʻu o ka Hodgkin lymphoma.

• ʻO nā hōʻailona o ka wā kamaliʻi ʻo Hodgkin lymphoma e hoʻopili ana i nā lymph node i pehu, ke kuni, a me nā sweaty o ka pō, a me ka pohō kaumaha.

• Hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻāʻo e nānā ana i ka ʻōnaehana lymph a me nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino e hōʻoia a me ka pae o ka wā liʻiliʻi Hodgkin lymphoma.

• Kū kekahi mau kumu i ka wānana (kahi o ke ola ʻana) a me nā koho lapaʻau.

ʻO ka Hodgkin lymphoma kamaliʻi kahi maʻi kahi i kū ai nā pūnaewele malignant (cancer) i ka ʻōnaehana lymph.

ʻO ke kamaliʻi Hodgkin lymphoma kahi ʻano o ke kanesa e ulu ana i ka ʻōnaehana lymph. ʻO ka ʻōnaehana lymph kahi ʻāpana o ka ʻōnaehana pale. Kōkua ia i ka pale ʻana i ke kino mai ka maʻi a me ka maʻi.

Hana ʻia ka ʻōnaehana lymph o kēia mau mea:

• Lymph: ʻAno ʻole, wai wai e hele ma waena o nā kīʻaha lymph a hāpai i nā lymphocytes T a me B. ʻO Lymphocytes kahi ʻano o ke keʻokeʻo koko keʻokeʻo.

• Nā moku Lymph: kahi pūnaewele o nā paipu lahilahi e hōʻiliʻili i ka lymph mai nā wahi like ʻole o ke kino a hoʻihoʻi iā ia i ke kahe o ke koko.

• Lymph nodes: nā liʻiliʻi, nā ʻano ʻano pēni e kānana i ka lymph a mālama i nā hunaola keokeo e kōkua i ke kaua ʻana i ka maʻi a me nā maʻi. Loaʻa nā lymph nodes ma kahi pūnaewele o nā kīʻaha lymph i loko o ke kino. Loaʻa nā hui o nā lymph node i ka ʻāʻī, underarm, mediastinum (kahi ma waena o nā akemāmā), ʻōpū, pelvis, a me nā ʻūlū. ʻO Hodgkin lymphoma ka mea maʻamau i nā lymph node ma luna aʻe o ka diaphragm.

• Spleen: ʻO kahi mea hana i nā lymphocytes, mālama i nā hunaola ʻulaʻula a me nā lymphocytes, kānana i ke koko, a luku i nā huna koko kahiko. Aia ka spleen ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka ʻōpū kokoke i ka ʻōpū.

• Thymus: ʻO kahi lālā a nā T lymphocytes i oʻo ai a hoʻonui. Aia ka timus ma ka umauma ma hope o ka umauma.

• ʻO ka iwi iwi: ʻO ka mea palupalu, spongy kiko i waenakonu o kekahi mau iwi, e like me ka iwi pūhaka a me ka umauma. Hana ʻia nā hunaola keʻokeʻo, nā ʻulaʻula, a me nā platelet i ka iwi iwi.

• Tonsils: ʻElua mau nui liʻiliʻi o nā kiko lymph ma ka hope o ka ʻāʻī. Aia hoʻokahi tonsil ma kēlā me kēia ʻaoʻao o ka puʻu.

ʻO Anatomy o ka ʻōnaehana lymph, e hōʻike ana i nā kīʻaha lymph a me nā mea lymph e like me nā lymph node, tonsils, thymus, spleen, a me ka iwi iwi. Hele ka Lymph (wai maʻemaʻe) a me nā lymphocytes ma waena o nā kīʻaha lymph a i loko o nā lymph node kahi e luku ai nā lymphocytes i nā mea hōʻeha. Komo ka lymph i ke koko ma o kahi aa nui kokoke i ka puʻuwai.

ʻIke ʻia nā ʻāpana o nā kiko lymph i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino e like me ka uhi ʻana o ka gastrointestinal tract, bronchus, a me ka ʻili.

ʻElua ʻano maʻamau o ka lymphoma: Hodgkin lymphoma a me non-Hodgkin lymphoma. ʻO kēia hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana i ka lyodoma Hodgkin kamaliʻi.

Kū pinepine ʻo Hodgkin lymphoma i nā ʻōpio 15 a 19 mau makahiki. ʻOkoʻa ka mālama ʻana no nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio ma mua o ka mālama ʻana i nā mākua.

No ka ʻike e pili ana i ka lymphoma kamaliʻi ʻole Hodgkin a i ʻole ke kanaka makua Hodgkin lymphoma e ʻike i nā hōʻuluʻulu aʻe:

• ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka Lymphoma Non-Hodgkin Childhood.

• Mālama makua makua Hodgkin Lymphoma.

ʻO nā ʻano nui ʻelua o ka wā kamaliʻi Hodgkin lymphoma ka mea maʻamau a me ka nodular lymphocyte-predominant.

ʻO nā ʻano nui ʻelua o ka wā kamaliʻi Hodgkin lymphoma:

• ʻO ka lymphoma Hodgkin maʻamau. ʻO kēia ka ʻano maʻamau o ka Hodgkin lymphoma. Kū pinepine ia i nā ʻōpio. Ke nānā ʻia kahi laʻana o nā kiko lymph node ma lalo o kahi microscope, e ʻike ʻia nā Hodgkin lymphoma cancer cells, i kapa ʻia ʻo Reed-Sternberg cells.

Keʻena Reed-Sternberg. ʻO nā keena ʻo Reed-Sternberg nui, lymphocytes ʻole e komo i loko o hoʻokahi aukona. Loaʻa kēia mau hunaola i Hodgkin lymphoma.

Māhele ʻia ka lymphoma Classic Hodgkin i ʻehā mau subtypes, e pili ana i ka nānā ʻana o nā hunaola maʻi ʻino ma lalo o kahi microscope.

• Hana pinepine ʻo Nodular-sclerosing Hodgkin lymphoma i nā keiki nui a me nā ʻōpio. He mea maʻamau ka nui o ka umauma i ka hōʻoia.

• Hana pinepine ʻia ka cellularity Hodgkin lymphoma i nā keiki ma mua o 10 mau makahiki. Hoʻopili ʻia ia i ka moʻolelo o ka maʻi Epstein-Barr (EBV) maʻi a pinepine i nā lymph node o ka ʻāʻī.

• He laha ʻole ka Lymphocyte waiwai nui Hodgkin lymphoma i nā keiki. Ke nānā ʻia kahi laʻana o nā kiko o ka lymph node ma lalo o kahi microscope, aia nā pūnaewele Reed-Sternberg a me nā lymphocytes maʻamau a me nā huna koko ʻē aʻe.

• Liʻiliʻi ʻole ka Lymphocyte-depoded Hodgkin lymphoma i nā keiki a hana pinepine ʻia i nā mākua a i ʻole nā ​​mākua me ka maʻi pale maʻi (HIV). Ke nānā ʻia kahi laʻana o nā kiko o ka lymph node ma lalo o kahi microscope, nui a hewahewa nā ʻano o ke kanesa a me kekahi mau lymphocytes maʻamau a me nā huna koko ʻē aʻe.

• Nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o kēia ʻano Hodgkin lymphoma ma mua o ka lymphoma Hodgkin maʻamau. Kū pinepine ia i nā keiki ma mua o 10 mau makahiki. Ke nānā ʻia kahi laʻana o ke kiko o ka lymph node ma lalo o kahi microscope, ua like nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻa me he "popcorn" ma muli o ko lākou ʻano. Nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma pinepine e like me ke pehu lymph node i ka ʻāʻī, underarm, a i ʻole ke ʻū. ʻO ka hapanui o nā kānaka ʻaʻohe o lākou hōʻailona a hōʻailona paha o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma ka hōʻoia ʻana.

ʻO ka maʻi maʻi Epstein-Barr a me ka moʻolelo ʻohana o Hodgkin lymphoma hiki ke hoʻonui i ka makaʻu o ka Hodgkin lymphoma.

ʻO nā mea āpau e hoʻonui i kou makaʻu i ka loaʻa ʻana i kahi maʻi i kapa ʻia he kumu weliweli. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi mea pilikia ʻaʻole ia he kumu e loaʻa ʻoe i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻaʻohe o nā kumu pilikia ʻaʻole ia he kumu ʻaʻole ʻoe e loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka inā makemake ʻoe e pilikia paha kāu keiki.

ʻO nā kumu pilikia no ka Hodgkin lymphoma kamaliʻi me kēia:

• Ke maʻi nei i ka maʻi Epstein-Barr (EBV).

• Loaʻa ka moʻolelo pilikino o ka mononucleosis ("mono").

• Ke hele a maʻi ʻia me ka maʻi pale maʻi (HIV).

• Loaʻa kekahi mau maʻi o ka ʻōnaehana pale, e like me ka maʻi autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome.

• Loaʻa i kahi ʻōnaehana pale nāwaliwali ma hope o kahi hoʻoliʻiliʻi o nā meaola a i ʻole mai nā lāʻau i hāʻawi ʻia ma hope o kahi transplant e hoʻōki i ke kino mai ka hōʻole ʻia e ke kino.

• Loaʻa i kahi makua, kaikuaʻana, a kaikuahine paha me ka moʻolelo pilikino o Hodgkin lymphoma.

Ke hōʻike ʻia nei i nā maʻi maʻamau i ka wā kamaliʻi e hoʻemi i ka makaʻu o ka Hodgkin lymphoma i nā keiki ma muli o ka hopena ma ka ʻōnaehana pale.

ʻO nā hōʻailona o ka wā kamaliʻi ʻo Hodgkin lymphoma e hoʻopili ana i nā lymph node i pehu, ke kuni, a me nā sweaty o ka pō, a me ka pohō kaumaha.

ʻO nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli o Hodgkin lymphoma kaukaʻi ʻia ma kahi o ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ke kino a me ka nui o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻO kēia a me nā ʻōuli a me nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe i kumu ʻia e ka wā kamaliʻi Hodgkin lymphoma a i ʻole nā ​​kūlana ʻē aʻe. E nīnau me ke kauka o kāu keiki inā loaʻa i kāu keiki kekahi o kēia mau mea:

• Painless, pehu nā lymph node kokoke i ka iwi iwi a i ʻole ma ka ʻāʻī, ka umauma, ka underarm, a me ke aʻa.

• Fiva no ke kumu ʻole i ʻike ʻia.

• ʻO ka hōʻemi kaumaha no ke kumu ʻole.

• Hoʻoulu ka pulu o ka pō.

• Luhi nui loa.

• ʻAnorexia.

• ʻIli ʻili.

• ʻOughlelo huna.

• Hoʻopilikia i ka hanu ʻana, keu hoʻi i ka wā e moe ana i lalo.

• ʻEha ma nā lymph nodes ma hope o ka inu ʻana i ka ʻalekohola.

ʻO ke kuni no ke kumu ʻole i ʻike ʻia, ka pohō no ke kumu ʻole i ʻike ʻia, a i kapa ʻia hoʻi ka sweats o ka pō ʻo B mau ʻōuli. ʻO nā hōʻailona B kahi ʻāpana nui o ka hoʻokumu ʻana iā Hodgkin lymphoma a me ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka manawa o ka mea maʻi e hiki ke ola.

Hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻāʻo e nānā ana i ka ʻōnaehana lymph a me nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino e hōʻoia a me ka pae o ka wā liʻiliʻi Hodgkin lymphoma.

ʻO nā hoʻokolohua a me nā kaʻina hana e hana ai i nā kiʻi o ka ʻōnaehana lymph a me nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino e kōkua i ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka wā kamaliʻi Hodgkin lymphoma a hōʻike i ka lōʻihi o ka laha ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Hoʻohana ʻia ke kaʻina hana e ʻike inā ua pāhola nā hunaola maʻiʻaʻai ma waho o ka ʻōnaehana lymph i ke ʻano he kūlana. E hoʻolālā i ka mālama ʻana, he mea nui e ʻike inā ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

Pili pū paha kēia mau hoʻokolohua a me nā kaʻina hana i kēia mau mea:

• ʻO ka hoʻāʻo kino a me ka mōʻaukala olakino: kahi hōʻike o ke kino e nānā i nā hōʻailona laulā o ke olakino, e like me ka nānā ʻana i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi, e like me nā puʻupuʻu a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻē aʻe e ʻano ʻē. E lawe ʻia kahi moʻolelo o nā ʻano olakino o ka mea maʻi a me nā maʻi i hala a me nā mālama ʻana.

• Helu piha o ke koko (CBC): Ke kaʻina hana e huki ʻia ai kahi laʻana o ke koko a nānā ʻia no kēia mau mea:

• ʻO ka helu o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula, nā aʻa koko keʻokeʻo, a me nā platelet.

• ʻO ka nui o ka hemoglobin (ka protein i hāpai i ka oxygen) i loko o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula.

• ʻO ka ʻāpana o ka hāpana koko i hana ʻia i nā hunaola ʻulaʻula.

Helu piha ke koko (CBC). Hōʻiliʻili ʻia ke koko ma ka hoʻokomo ʻana i kahi nila i loko o kahi aa a ʻae i ke kahe o ke koko i loko o kahi paipu. Hoʻouna ʻia ka laʻana koko i ke keʻena hoʻokolohua a helu ʻia nā ʻulaʻula o ke koko, nā hunaola keokeo, a me nā platelet. Hoʻohana ʻia ka CBC e hoʻāʻo ai, e hōʻoia ai, a nānā i nā ʻano like ʻole.

• Nā aʻo kemika koko: kahi hana e nānā ʻia ai kahi hāpana koko e ana i ka nui o kekahi mau mea i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i loko o ke koko, e like me albumin, e nā mea a me nā mea i loko o ke kino. ʻO kahi mea maʻamau (ʻoi aʻe a i ʻole haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka maʻamau) o kahi mea hiki ke lilo i hōʻailona o ka maʻi.

• Ka helu sedimentation: kahi hana e huki ʻia ai kahi mea o ke koko a nānā ʻia no ka uku i kū ai nā hunaola ʻulaʻula i lalo o ka pahu hoʻāʻo. ʻO ke ana sedimentation kahi ana o ka nui o ka mumū i loko o ke kino. ʻO kahi kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka maʻamau sedimentation rate he hōʻailona paha ia o ka lymphoma. Kapa ʻia ka helu sedimentation erythrocyte, helu sed, a i ʻole ESR.

• CT scan (CAT scan): Kahi hana e hana ai i ka moʻo o nā kiʻi kikoʻī o nā wahi i loko o ke kino, e like me ka ʻāʻī, ka umauma, ʻōpū, a me ke pelvis, i lawe ʻia mai nā ʻaoʻao ʻokoʻa. Hana ʻia nā kiʻi e kahi kamepiula i hoʻopili ʻia i kahi mīkini x-ray. Hoʻokomo ʻia paha ke kala i loko o ke aa a i ʻole ale ʻia e kōkua i nā ʻōpū a i ʻole nā ​​kino i hōʻike hou aku me ka maopopo. Kāhea ʻia kēia kaʻina hana he tomography i helu ʻia, kamepiula tomography, a i ʻole he tomography axial computerized.

ʻO ka scan tomography compute (CT) o ka ʻōpū. Moe ke keiki ma ka papaʻaina e paheʻe ai i ka scanner CT, e kiʻi ana i nā kiʻi x-ray o loko o ka ʻōpū.

• PET scan (positron emission tomography scan): kahi hana e loaʻa ai nā puʻupuʻu tumo malignant i loko o ke kino. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi liʻiliʻi o ka glucose radioactive (kō) i loko o kahi aa koko. Hoʻopili ka scanner PET a puni ke kino a hana i kahi kiʻi o kahi e hoʻohana ʻia ai ka glucose i ke kino. ʻOi aku ka mālamalama o nā hunaola tumo ma ke kiʻi no ka mea ʻoi aku ka hana a lawe i ka glucose ma mua o ka hana ʻana o nā hunaola maʻamau. I kekahi manawa hana ʻia ka PET scan a me ka CT scan i ka manawa like. Inā loaʻa kekahi maʻi ʻaʻai, hoʻonui kēia i ka manawa e ʻike ʻia.

Positron emission tomography (PET) scan NineManga.com Moe ke keiki ma ka papaʻaina e heʻe ai ka scanner PET. Hoʻomaha ke poʻo a me ke kaula keʻokeʻo e kōkua i ke keiki e moe mau. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi liʻiliʻi o ka glucose radioactive (kō) i ka aa o ke keiki, a hana kahi scanner i kiʻi i kahi e hoʻohana ʻia ai ka glucose i ke kino. Hōʻike ʻia nā hunaola maʻi ʻālohilohi i ke kiʻi no ka mea lawe lākou i ka glucose ma mua o ka hana ʻana o nā hunaola maʻamau.

• MRI (magnetic resonance imaging): Kahi hana e hoʻohana ai i ka magnet, nā nalu lekiō, a me kahi kamepiula e hana i nā kiʻi kikoʻī o nā wahi i loko o ke kino, e like me nā lymph node. Kāhea ʻia kēia kaʻina hana he kiʻi nukelea kiʻi resonance (NMRI).

ʻO ke kiʻi ʻana o ka resonance ʻume mākenēki (MRI) o ka ʻōpū. Moe ke keiki ma ka papaʻaina e paheʻe i ka scanner MRI, e paʻi ana i nā kiʻi o loko o ke kino. Kōkua ka pale ma luna o ka ʻōpū o ke keiki e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā kiʻi.

• ʻO ke kukui x: kahi x-ray o nā mea a me nā iwi i loko o ka umauma. ʻO ka x-ray kahi ʻano kukuna ikehu e hiki ke hele ma waena o ke kino a ma ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni, e hana ana i kiʻi o nā wahi i loko o ke kino.

• ʻO ka ʻiʻo o ka iwi iwi a me ka biopsy: Ka lawe ʻia ʻana o ka iwi iwi a me kahi ʻāpana o ka iwi ma ka hoʻokomo ʻana i kahi nila kuha i loko o ka hipbone a i ʻole ka umauma. ʻIke kahi pathologist i ka momona o ka iwi a me ka iwi ma lalo o kahi microscope e nānā no nā hunaola ʻokoʻa. Hana ʻia ka ʻiʻihi iwi a me ka biopsy no nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi holomua a me / a i ʻole nā ​​hōʻailona B.

ʻIʻini iwi a me ka biopsy. Ma hope o ka helu ʻia ʻana o kahi ʻili o ka ʻili, hoʻokomo ʻia kahi nila o ka iwi iwi i ka iwi ʻūhā o ke keiki. Lawe ʻia nā laʻana o ke koko, ka iwi, a me ka iwi o ka iwi no ka ninaninau ʻana ma lalo o kahi microscope.

• ʻO ka biopsy lymph node: ʻO ka hemo ʻana o nā mea āpau a ʻāpana paha o hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku nā lymph node. Hiki ke hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka lymph node i ka manawa o kahi scan CT kiʻi alakaʻi ʻia a i ʻole he thoracoscopy, mediastinoscopy, a i ʻole laparoscopy. E hana ʻia paha kekahi o nā ʻano biopsies:

• ʻO Biopsy kūikawā: ʻO ka wehe ʻana i kahi kōpona lymph holoʻokoʻa.

• ʻO Biopsy Incisional: Ka wehe ʻana i kahi ʻāpana o kahi kōpona lymph.

• ʻO Biopsy Core: ʻO ka hemo ʻana o nā pūnaewele mai kahi lymph node e hoʻohana ana i kahi nila ākea.

ʻIke kahi pathologist i ke kiko o ka lymph node ma lalo o kahi microscope e nānā ai i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai i kapa ʻia ʻo Reed-Sternberg cells. Kūleʻa nā pūnaewele Reed-Sternberg i ka lyodoma Hodgkin maʻamau.

Hiki ke hana i kēia hōʻike aʻe ma nā kiko i lawe ʻia.

• Immunophenotyping: kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e hoʻohana ai i nā mea ʻino e ʻike ai i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai e pili ana i nā ʻano antigens a i ʻole nā ​​māka ma ka ʻili o nā hunaola. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia hōʻike e kōkua i ke kuhi ʻana i nā ʻano kikoʻī o ka lymphoma ..

Kū kekahi mau kumu i ka wānana (kahi o ke ola ʻana) a me nā koho lapaʻau.

ʻO ka wānana (loaʻa o ke ola) a me nā koho lapaʻau e pili i kēia:

• ʻO ke kahua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai (ka nui o ka maʻi ʻaʻai a inā ua pāhola ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma lalo o ka diaphragm a i ʻole i hoʻokahi hui o nā lymph node).

• Ka nui o ka tumo.

• Inā loaʻa nā ʻōuli B (ke kuni no ke kumu ʻole i ʻike ʻia, ka pohō kaumaha no ke kumu ʻole i ʻike ʻia, a i ʻole nā ​​wai maloʻo ʻana i ka pō) i ka hōʻailona.

• Ke ʻano o Hodgkin lymphoma.

• Nā hiʻohiʻona o nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai.

• Loaʻa ka ʻoi aku ma mua o ka helu maʻamau o nā hunaola keokeo a i ʻole ke anemia i ka manawa o ke kuhi.

• Inā paha he wai e puni ana i ka puʻuwai a i ʻole nā ​​māmā i ʻike ʻia.

• ʻO ke ana sedimentation a i ʻole ka pae albumin i ke koko.

• Pehea ka maikaʻi o ka pane ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ka lapaʻau mua me ka chemotherapy.

• Ka moekolohe o ke keiki.

• Inā ʻike hou ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai a i ʻole ua hoʻi hou (hoʻi.

Pili pū nā koho lapaʻau ma:

• Inā he haʻahaʻa, waena, a kiʻekiʻe paha ka maʻi ʻaʻai e hoʻi mai ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma hope o ka mālama ʻana.

• Ka makahiki o ke keiki.

• ʻO ka hopena o nā hopena hopena lōʻihi.

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio me ka Hodgkin lymphoma hou i ʻike ʻia e hiki ke hoʻōla ʻia.

Nā kahua o ke kamaliʻi Hodgkin Lymphoma

NA MANA KUNI

• Ma hope o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o ka lyodoma ʻo Hodgkin lymphoma, hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua e ʻike inā ua hoʻolaha ʻia nā hunaola maʻi ʻino i loko o ka ʻōnaehana lymph a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

• ʻEkolu ala e hoʻolaha ai ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ke kino.

• Hoʻohana ʻia nā pae aʻe no ka wā kamaliʻi Hodgkin lymphoma:

• Ke kahua I

• Kahua II

• Kahua III

• Kahua IV

• Ma waho aʻe o ka helu pae, ʻike ʻia nā huapalapala A, B, E, a S paha.

• Mālama ʻia ʻo Hodgkin lymphoma kamaliʻi e like me nā pūʻulu makaʻu.

Ma hope o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o ka lyodoma ʻo Hodgkin lymphoma, hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua e ʻike inā ua hoʻolaha ʻia nā hunaola maʻi ʻino i loko o ka ʻōnaehana lymph a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

ʻO ke kaʻina hana e ʻike inā ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ka ʻōnaehana lymph a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino i kapa ʻia ka staging. ʻO ka ʻikepili i hōʻiliʻili ʻia mai ke kaʻina hana e hoʻoholo ai i ka pae o ka maʻi. ʻO nā hopena o nā hoʻokolohua a me nā kaʻina hana i hana ʻia e diagnose a me ka pae Hodgkin lymphoma e kōkua ai i nā hoʻoholo e pili ana i ka lāʻau.

ʻEkolu ala e hoʻolaha ai ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ke kino.

Hiki ke pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma o nā meaola, ka ʻōnaehana lymph, a me ke koko.

• Kāpena. Hoʻolahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai kahi i hoʻomaka ai i ka ulu ʻana i nā wahi kokoke.

• ʻŌnaehana Lymph. Hoʻolahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai kahi i hoʻomaka ai i ke komo ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana lymph. Hele ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma o nā kīʻaha lymph i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

• Koko. Hoʻolahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai kahi i hoʻomaka ai i ke komo ʻana i ke koko. Hele ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma o nā kīʻaha koko i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

Hoʻohana ʻia nā pae aʻe no ka wā kamaliʻi Hodgkin lymphoma:

Ke kahua I

ʻO ke kahua I ka wā liʻiliʻi Hodgkin lymphoma. ʻIke ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha o nā lymph node i hoʻokahi hui lymph node. I ke kahua IE (ʻaʻole i hōʻike ʻia), loaʻa ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma waho o nā lymph node i hoʻokahi a i ʻole wahi.

Māhele ʻia ka pae I i ka pae I a me ka pae IE.

• Kahua I: ʻIke ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma kekahi o nā wahi aʻe i ka ʻōnaehana lymph:

• Hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha nā lymph node i hoʻokahi hui lymph node.

• Ke apo a Waldeyer.

• ʻO kāu

• hoʻopiʻi

• Kahua IE: ʻIke ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma waho o ka ʻōnaehana lymph i hoʻokahi a i ʻole ʻāpana.

Kahua II

Māhele ʻia ka pae II i ka pae II a me ka pae IIE.

• Kahua II: ʻIke ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ʻelua a ʻoi mau hui ʻoihana lymph ma luna a ma lalo paha o ka diaphragm (ka mākala lahilahi ma lalo o nā akemāmā e kōkua ai i ka hanu ʻana a hoʻokaʻawale i ka pahu mai ka ʻōpū).

Ke kahua II kamaliʻi Hodgkin lymphoma. ʻIke ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ʻelua a ʻoi mau hui lymph node, a aia ma luna (a) a i ʻole ma lalo (b) ka diaphragm.

• Kahua IIE: ʻIke ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha o nā pūʻulu lymph node ma luna a ma lalo paha o ka diaphragm a ma waho o nā lymph node ma kahi mea kokoke a wahi paha.

Ke kahua IIE kamaliʻi Hodgkin lymphoma. ʻIke ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha o nā hui lymph node ma luna a ma lalo paha o ka diaphragm a ma waho o nā lymph node i kahi hui kokoke a wahi paha (a).

Kahua III

Ke kahua III kamaliʻi Hodgkin lymphoma. ʻIke ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha o nā hui lymph node ma luna a ma lalo o ka diaphragm (a). I ke kahua IIIE, loaʻa ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma nā hui lymph node ma luna a ma lalo o ka diaphragm a ma waho o nā lymph node ma kahi mea kokoke a wahi paha (b). I ke kahua IIIS, loaʻa ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma nā hui lymph node ma luna a ma lalo o ka diaphragm (a) a me ka spleen (c). I ke kahua IIIS a me E, loaʻa ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma nā hui lymph node ma luna a ma lalo o ka diaphragm, ma waho o nā lymph node i kahi hui a wahi paha (b), a me ka spleen (c).

Māhele ʻia ka pae III i ka pae III, pae IIIE, pae IIIS, a me ka pae IIIE, S.

• Kahua III: Loaʻa ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā hui lymph node ma luna a ma lalo o ka diaphragm (ʻo ka mākala lahilahi ma lalo o nā akemāmā e kōkua ana i ka hanu ʻana a hoʻokaʻawale i ka pahu mai ka ʻōpū).

• Kahua IIIE: ʻIke ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma nā pūʻulu lymph node ma luna a ma lalo o ka diaphragm a ma waho o nā lymph node ma kahi mea kokoke a wahi paha.

• ʻOihana IIIS: ʻIke ʻia ke kanesa ma nā hui lymph node ma luna a ma lalo o ka diaphragm, a ma ka spleen.

• Kahua IIIE, S: ʻIke ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma nā hui lymph node ma luna a ma lalo o ka diaphragm, ma waho o nā lymph node ma kahi koina a wahi paha, a me ka ʻāpala.

Kahua IV

Ke kahua IV kamaliʻi Hodgkin lymphoma. ʻIke ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma waho o nā lymph node ma loko o hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha nā ʻokana (a); a i ʻole ma waho o nā lymph node i hoʻokahi hui a ua pālahalaha aku i nā nū lymph mamao loa mai kēlā ʻoka (b); a i ʻole i ka akemāmā, ke ake, a i ʻole ka iwi iwi.

I ke kahua IV, ka maʻi ʻaʻai:

• ʻIke ʻia ma waho o nā lymph node ma loko o hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha nā ʻokana, a aia paha ma nā lymph node kokoke i kēlā mau ʻāpana; a i ʻole

• Loaʻa ma waho o nā lymph node i hoʻokahi ʻōpala a pālahalaha aku i nā wahi mamao loa mai kēlā ʻāpana; a i ʻole

• Loaʻa i loko o ka akemāmā, ke ake, ka iwi o ka iwi, a me ka wai cerebrospinal (CSF). ʻAʻole i pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ka hāhā, ke ake, ka iwi o ka iwi, a i ʻole CSF mai nā wahi kokoke.

Ma waho aʻe o ka helu pae, ʻike ʻia nā huapalapala A, B, E, a S paha.

Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā leka A, B, E, a i ʻole S paha e wehewehe hou aku ai i ke kahua o ka Hodgkin lymphoma kamaliʻi.

• A: ʻAʻohe o nā maʻi B nā mea hoʻomanawanui (fever, weight loss, or sweat night).

• B: Loaʻa ka maʻi B i ka mea maʻi.

• E: ʻIke ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o kahi lālā a i ʻole ʻaʻa ʻole i ʻāpana o ka ʻōnaehana lymph akā aia paha ma kahi o kahi o ka ʻōnaehana lymph i hoʻopili ʻia e ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

• S: ʻIke ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ka pākī.

Mālama ʻia ʻo Hodgkin lymphoma kamaliʻi e like me nā pūʻulu makaʻu.

Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo Hodgkin lymphoma i hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻole ʻia i nā hui makaʻu e pili ana i ke kahua, ka nui o ka tumo, a inā he hōʻailona B ka mea maʻi (fever, weight loss, or sweats pō). Hōʻike ka pūʻulu makaʻu i ka likelike o ka Hodgkin lymphoma e pane ʻole i ka lāʻau a hoʻi hou (hoʻi) ma hope o ka lapaʻau ʻana. Hoʻohana ʻia ia e hoʻolālā i ka lapaʻau mua.

• Hodgkin lymphoma haʻahaʻa kamepiula.

• ʻO ka limahana waena waena ʻo Hodgkin lymphoma.

• ʻO ke keiki kamaliʻi kiʻekiʻe ʻo Hodgkin lymphoma.

ʻO ka limodoma Hodgkin haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e koi ai i nā pōʻaiapuni o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa, liʻiliʻi nā lāʻau anticancer, a me nā kaha haʻahaʻa o nā lāʻau anticancer ma mua o ka lymphoma kūlana kiʻekiʻe.

ʻO Refractory / Hodgkin Lymphoma hou i nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio

ʻO ka lymphoma Hodgkin lymphoma mua he lymphoma e hoʻomau e ulu a laha paha i ka wā o ka lapaʻau.

ʻO Hodgkin lymphoma hou ka maʻi ʻaʻai i hoʻi hou (hoʻi mai) ma hope o ka mālama ʻia ʻana. Hiki paha i ka lymphoma ke hoʻi mai i ka ʻōnaehana lymph a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino, e like me nā akemāmā, ke ake, nā iwi, a me nā iwi o ka iwi.

Laulā Manaʻo Option Oponopono

NA MANA KUNI

• Aia nā ʻano lapaʻau like ʻole no nā keiki me Hodgkin lymphoma.

• Pono nā keiki me ka Hodgkin lymphoma e hoʻolālā i kā lākou lapaʻau ʻana e kahi hui o nā lawelawe mālama ola i loea i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻa kamaliʻi.

• ʻO ka mālama ʻana no ka Hodgkin lymphoma kamaliʻi ke kumu o nā hopena a me nā hopena hopena.

• Hoʻohana ʻia ʻeono ʻano o ka mālama maʻamau.

• ʻO Chemotherapy

• Lapaʻau hoʻomākala

• Pahuhopu kau ʻia

• Immunotherapy

• ʻOki kino

• ʻO ka chemotherapy kiʻekiʻe me ka transplant cell stem

• Ke hoʻāʻo ʻia nei nā ʻano lapaʻau hou i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.

• Hoʻoikaika radiation radiation proton

• Makemake paha nā mea maʻi e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana.

• Hiki i nā mea maʻi ke komo i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ma mua, i ka wā, a ma hope paha o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i kā lākou mālama maʻi ʻaʻai.

• Pono paha nā hoʻokolohua ukali.

Aia nā ʻano lapaʻau like ʻole no nā keiki me Hodgkin lymphoma.

Loaʻa nā ʻano lapaʻau like ʻole no nā keiki me ka Hodgkin lymphoma. Kūlana maʻamau kekahi mau hōʻailona a e hoʻāʻo ʻia ana kekahi i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua. ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua lapaʻau kahi noiʻi noiʻi i manaʻo ʻia e kōkua i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā mālama ʻana i kēia manawa a i ʻole loaʻa ka ʻike e pili ana i nā mālama hou no nā maʻi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Ke hōʻike nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kahi lapaʻau hou ma mua o ka maʻamau maʻamau, lilo paha ka lāʻau hou i ka lapaʻau maʻamau.

Ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻole o ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā keiki, pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia i ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana. ʻO kekahi mau hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e hāmama wale i nā mea maʻi i hoʻomaka ʻole i ka lāʻau.

Pono nā keiki me ka Hodgkin lymphoma e hoʻolālā i kā lākou lapaʻau ʻana e kahi hui o nā lawelawe mālama ola i loea i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻa kamaliʻi.

E mālama ʻia ka lapaʻau ʻana e kahi oncologist pediatric, he kauka i loea i ka mālama ʻana i nā keiki me ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Hana ka oncologist pediatric me nā mea lawelawe olakino pediatric ʻē aʻe i loea i ka mālama ʻana i nā keiki me ka Hodgkin lymphoma a i loea i kekahi mau wahi o ka lāʻau. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia mau mea i lalo:

• Kahuna Pediatrician.

• Lapaʻau oncologist / hematologist.

• Oncologist uila.

• ʻO ka loea kahu maʻi Pediatric.

• ʻOlogistlapa psychologist.

• Limahana limahana.

• Loea loea-ola keiki.

ʻOkoʻa ka mālama ʻana o Hodgkin lymphoma i nā ʻōpio a me nā ʻōpio ma mua o ka mālama ʻana i nā keiki. Mālama ʻia kekahi poʻe ʻōpio a me nā ʻōpio me kahi regimen lapaʻau makua.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana no ka Hodgkin lymphoma kamaliʻi ke kumu o nā hopena a me nā hopena hopena.

No ka ʻike e pili ana i nā hopena i hoʻomaka i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ʻike i kā mākou ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao.

ʻO nā hopena ʻē aʻe mai ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai e hoʻomaka ma hope o ka mālama ʻana a hoʻomau no nā mahina a i ʻole mau makahiki e kapa ʻia nā hopena hopena. Ma muli o ka hopena o ka hopena o ke olakino a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana, he mea nui nā hōʻike loiloi maʻamau.

Hiki i nā hopena hope loa o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ke hoʻopili i kēia mau mea:

• Nā pilikia kino e hoʻopili i kēia mau mea:

• Hoʻolālā o ka wahine a me nā mea hānau.

• Fertility (hiki ke hānau keiki).

• ʻO ka iwi a me ka ulu ʻana o ka iwi a me ka ulu ʻana.

• ʻO ka thyroid, ka puʻuwai, a i ʻole ka hana māmā.

• ʻO ka niho, nā gum, a me ka hana gland salivary.

• ʻO ka hana Spleen (hoʻonui i ka makaʻu o ka maʻi).

• Nā loli i ke ʻano, nā manaʻo, ka noʻonoʻo, ke aʻo ʻana, a me ka hoʻomanaʻo paha.

• ʻO nā maʻi ʻelua (nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o ka maʻi ʻaʻai), e like me ka umauma, thyroid, ʻili, akemā, ʻōpū, a i ʻole colorectal

No nā mea pakele wahine o Hodgkin lymphoma, nui ka nui o ka maʻi ʻaʻai o ka umauma. Aia kēia pilikia i ka nui o ka radiation i loaʻa i ka umauma i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana a me ka regima chemotherapy i hoʻohana ʻia. Hoʻemi ʻia ka makaʻu o ka umauma maʻi maʻi inā hāʻawi ʻia ka radiation i nā ovaries

Manaʻo ʻia ʻo nā mea pakele wahine i loaʻa i ka radiation radiation i ka umauma i loaʻa ka mammogram a me MRI hoʻokahi manawa i ka makahiki e hoʻomaka ana 8 mau makahiki ma hope o ka lapaʻau ʻana a i ʻole 25 mau makahiki, ʻo ka mea ma hope. ʻLelo ʻia kekahi e hana i nā wahine i pakele i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana iā ʻoe iho i kēlā me kēia mahina e hoʻomaka ana i ka wā ʻōpio a hana ʻia kahi hōʻike umauma e kahi ʻoihana olakino i kēlā me kēia makahiki e hoʻomaka ana i ka wā ʻōpio a hiki i ka makahiki 25.

E mālama a kāohi ʻia paha kekahi mau hopena hopena. He mea nui e kamaʻilio pū me nā kauka o kāu keiki e pili ana i nā hopena hopena ma muli o kekahi mau ʻano lāʻau. (E ʻike i ka hōʻuluʻulu e pili ana i nā hopena hope o ka mālama ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻa kamaliʻi no ka ʻike hou aku).

Hoʻohana ʻia ʻeono ʻano o ka mālama maʻamau.

ʻO Chemotherapy

ʻO Chemotherapy kahi lāʻau lapaʻau maʻi maʻi e hoʻohana i hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha nā lāʻau e hōʻoki i ka ulu ʻana o nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai, ma ka luku ʻana paha i nā hunaola a i ʻole ke kū ʻana iā lākou mai ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai me ka hoʻohana ʻana ma mua o hoʻokahi lāʻau chemotherapy i kapa ʻia ʻo chemotherapy hui pū. Ke lawe ʻia ka chemotherapy e ka waha a i ʻole injected i loko o kahi aa koko a i ʻole nā ​​mākala, komo nā lāʻau i ke kahe o ke koko a hiki ke kiʻi i nā hunaola maʻi ʻōpio i loko o ke kino (chemotherapy ʻōnaehana). Ke waiho pololei ʻia ka chemotherapy i loko o ka wai cerebrospinal, kahi hui, a i ʻole ke kino o ke kino e like me ka ʻōpū, hoʻopili ka lāʻau i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o kēlā mau wahi (chemotherapy āpana).

Hāʻawi ʻia ke ala o ka chemotherapy i ka pūʻulu makaʻu. ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻo nā keiki me ka Hodgkin lymphoma haʻahaʻa ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka pōʻaiapuni, ka liʻiliʻi o nā lāʻau anticancer, a me nā kaha haʻahaʻa o nā lāʻau anticancer ma mua o nā keiki me ka lymphoma kūlana kiʻekiʻe.

E ʻike i nā lāʻau i ʻāpono ʻia no Hodgkin Lymphoma no ka ʻike hou aku.

Lapaʻau hoʻomākala

ʻO ka radiation radiation kahi lāʻau maʻi maʻi maʻi e hoʻohana i nā kukuna x nui ikaika a i ʻole nā ​​ʻano radiation e hoʻomake i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai a mālama ʻole paha i ka ulu ʻana. ʻElua ʻano o radiation radiation:

• Hoʻohana ka radiation radiation kūwaho i kahi mīkini ma waho o ke kino e hoʻouna i ka radiation i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Hiki i kekahi mau ala o ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka radiation therapy ke pale i ka radiation mai ka hōʻino ʻana i nā mea olakino kokoke. ʻO kēia ʻano o ka radiation radiation kū i waho e like me kēia:

• ʻO ka radiation radiation Conformal: he ʻano radiation radiation kūwaho kahi hoʻohana i kahi kamepiula e hana i kahi kiʻi 3-dimensional (3-D) o ke tumo a hoʻohālikelike i nā kaola kukuna e kū pono i ka tumo.

• Hoʻoikaika radiation-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT): ʻO IMRT kahi ʻano o 3-dimensional (3-D) radiation radiation e hoʻohana nei i kahi kamepiula e hana i nā kiʻi o ka nui a me ke ʻano o ka tumo. ʻO nā kaola lahilahi o ka pāhawewe o nā ʻokoʻa ʻokoʻa (ikaika) e kuhikuhi ʻia i ka tumo mai nā kihi he nui.

• Hoʻohana ka radiation radiation i loko i kahi lāʻau radioactive i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā nila, nā hua, nā uea, a i ʻole nā ​​catheters i kau pololei ʻia i loko a kokoke paha i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Hāʻawi ʻia ka radiation radiation, ma muli o ka pūʻulu pōpilikia o ke keiki a me ka regimana chemotherapy. Hoʻohana ʻia ka radiation radiation e mālama i ka lyodoma Hodgkin kamaliʻi. Hāʻawi wale ʻia ka pāhawewe i nā lymph node a i ʻole nā ​​wahi ʻē aʻe me ka maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻAʻole hoʻohana ʻia ka radiation radiation i loko e mālama iā Hodgkin lymphoma.

Pahuhopu kau ʻia

ʻO ka therapy target kahi ʻano lapaʻau e hoʻohana i nā lāʻau a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻē aʻe e ʻike a hoʻouka i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai me ka ʻole e hōʻeha i nā hunaola maʻamau. ʻO nā ʻano o ka hoʻomōhala hoʻomāka ʻia me kēia mau mea:

• ʻO ka Monoclonal antibody therapy: ʻo Monoclonal antibody therapy kahi lapaʻau maʻi maʻi e hoʻohana i nā mea pale i hana ʻia i loko o ka hale hana mai kahi ʻano hoʻokahi o ke kikowaena pale pale. Hiki i kēia mau lāʻau ʻino ke hoʻomaopopo i nā mea ma nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai a i ʻole nā ​​mea maʻamau e kōkua ai i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. Hoʻopili nā mea ʻino i nā mea a pepehi i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai, ālai i ko lākou ulu ʻana, a i ʻole mālama iā lākou mai ka hoʻolaha ʻana. Hāʻawi ʻia nā antibodies Monoclonal e ka hoʻokomo. Hoʻohana wale ʻia lākou a i ʻole lawe i nā lāʻau, toxins, a i ʻole radioactive pono i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai.

Hiki paha ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Rituximab a i ʻole brentuximab e mālama ai i ke kamaliʻi ʻo Hodgkin lymphoma.

• Hoʻomaʻamaʻa Proteasome inhibitor: He ʻano hoʻomalu hoʻomalu Proteasome kahi ʻano o ka lāʻau hoʻomāka e pale ʻia ka hana o proteasome i nā pūnaʻi maʻi maʻi. Wehe i nā protein i nā protein ʻaʻole pono hou ʻia e ka pūnaewele. Ke ālai ʻia nā proteasome, kūkulu nā protein i loko o ke keena a make paha i ka make maʻi ʻaʻai.

ʻO Bortezomib kahi mea pale proteasome i hoʻohana ʻia e mālama i ka refactory a i ʻole hoʻi hou i ka wā kamaliʻi Hodgkin lymphoma.

Immunotherapy

ʻO ka Immunotherapy kahi lapaʻau e hoʻohana i ka ʻōnaehana pale maʻi o ka mea maʻi e hakakā i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Hoʻohana ʻia nā mea i hana ʻia e ke kino a i hana ʻia paha i kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua e hoʻonui, kuhikuhi, a hoʻihoʻi hou i nā pale kūlohelohe o ke kino i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Kāhea ʻia kēia ʻano lapaʻau maʻi ʻaʻai a biologic therapy a i ʻole biotherapy. ʻO nā ʻano o ka immunotherapy me kēia:

• ʻO ka mea kāohi palekana Immune checkpoint: ʻO nā mea kāohi PD-1 kahi ʻano o ka checkpoint immune inhibitor therapy. ʻO PD-1 kahi protein i ka ʻili o nā hunaola T e kōkua ai i ka mālama ʻana i nā pane pale o ke kino. Ke hoʻopili aku ʻo PD-1 i kahi protein ʻē aʻe i kapa ʻia ʻo PDL-1 ma kahi hunaola maʻi ʻoki, paʻa ia i ke kele T mai ka luku ʻana i ka pūnaeho maʻi maʻi. Hoʻopili nā mea pale PD-1 i PDL-1 a ʻae i nā hunaola T e pepehi i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai.

ʻO Pembrolizumab kahi mea kāohi PD-1 i hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i ka mālama ʻana i ka Hodgkin lymphoma kamaliʻi i hoʻi mai ma hope o ka lapaʻau ʻana. Ke aʻo ʻia nei nā mea kāohi PD-1 ʻē aʻe, me atezolizumab a me nivolumab, i ka mālama ʻia ʻana o ka lyodoma Hodgkin kamaliʻi i hoʻi mai ma hope o ka lapaʻau ʻana.

Mea hoʻopukapuka hōʻoiaʻiʻo pale pale. ʻO nā protein checkpoint, e like me PD-L1 ma nā hunaola tumo a me PD-1 ma nā hunaola T, e kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i nā pane pale ʻole. Mālama ka paʻa ʻana o PD-L1 iā PD-1 mālama i nā hunaola T mai ka pepehi ʻana i nā hunaola tumora i loko o ke kino (panel hema). Ke kāpae nei i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o PD-L1 iā PD-1 me kahi mea pale pale pale pale pale (anti-PD-L1 a i ʻole anti-PD-1) ʻae i nā hunaola T e pepehi i nā hunaola tumera (ʻaoʻao ʻākau)

ʻOki kino

Hiki ke hana ʻoki e wehe i ka nui o ka tumo e hiki ai no ka localized nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma.

ʻO ka chemotherapy kiʻekiʻe me ka transplant cell stem

Hāʻawi ʻia nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe o ka chemotherapy e pepehi i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. Hoʻopau pū ʻia nā hunaola olakino, e like me nā hunaola koko, e ka lāʻau maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻO ka transplant cell Stem kahi lapaʻau e pani i nā hunaola koko. Lawe ʻia nā hunaola ʻōpala (ʻaʻaʻa ʻole o ke koko) mai ke koko a i ʻole ka iwi o ka mea maʻi a i ʻole he mea hāʻawi a hoʻopaʻa ʻia a mālama ʻia. Ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka chemotherapy i ka mea hoʻomanawanui, hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā pūnaewele i mālama ʻia a hoʻihoʻi ʻia i ka mea maʻi ma o ka infusion. E ulu kēia mau hunaola i (a hoʻihoʻi) i nā huna koko o ke kino.

E ʻike i nā lāʻau i ʻāpono ʻia no Hodgkin Lymphoma no ka ʻike hou aku.

Ke hoʻāʻo ʻia nei nā ʻano lapaʻau hou i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.

Hōʻike kēia ʻāpana hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo i nā mālama e hoʻopaʻa ʻia nei i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua. ʻAʻole paha ia e ʻōlelo i kēlā me kēia lapaʻau hou e hoʻopaʻa ʻia ana. Loaʻa nā ʻike e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua mai ka pūnaewele NCI.

Hoʻoikaika radiation radiation proton

ʻO ka Proton-beam therapy kahi ʻano o ka ikehu kiʻekiʻe, ka pāhawewe radiation kūwaho e hoʻohana ai i nā kahawai o nā protons (nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, nā ʻikena i hoʻoili ʻia me ka maikaʻi) e hana i ka pāhawewe. Hiki i kēia ʻano radiation radiation ke kōkua i ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi o ka hōʻino ʻana i nā mea olakino kokoke i ka tumo, e like me ka umauma, ka puʻuwai, a me nā ake māmā

Makemake paha nā mea maʻi e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana.

No kekahi mau mea maʻi, ke komo nei i ka hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ke koho lapaʻau maikaʻi loa paha. ʻO nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua kahi ʻāpana o ka noiʻi ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e ʻike inā palekana a maikaʻi a maikaʻi paha nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa maʻi ʻaʻai ma mua o ka maʻamau maʻamau.

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā hana maʻamau no ka maʻi ʻaʻai i kau ʻia ma nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua mua. ʻO nā mea maʻi i komo i ka hoʻokolokolo hoʻokolohua hiki ke loaʻa i ka lāʻau maʻamau a i ʻole i waena o nā mea mua i loaʻa kahi lāʻau hou.

ʻO nā mea maʻi i komo i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua kōkua pū kekahi i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ka wā e hiki mai ana. ʻOiai ʻaʻole nā ​​alakaʻi hoʻokolohua e alakaʻi i nā hoʻoponopono hou maikaʻi, pane pinepine lākou i nā nīnau nui a kōkua i ka neʻe i mua o ka noiʻi.

Hiki i nā mea maʻi ke komo i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ma mua, i ka wā, a ma hope paha o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i kā lākou mālama maʻi ʻaʻai.

Hoʻopili wale kekahi mau hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua i nā mea maʻi i loaʻa ʻole ka lapaʻau. ʻO nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe e hōʻoia i nā mālama ʻana no ka poʻe maʻi i loaʻa ʻole ka maikaʻi o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Aia kekahi mau hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e hoʻāʻo i nā ala hou e hōʻoki i ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai ka hoʻi hou ʻana (hoʻi ʻana) a hōʻemi paha i nā hopena o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Ke mālama ʻia nei nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ma nā wahi he nui o ka ʻāina. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka ʻike e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e kākoʻo ʻia e NCI ma ka pūnaewele ʻimi noiʻi hoʻokolohua a NCI. Hiki ke loaʻa nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua i kākoʻo ʻia e nā hui ʻē aʻe ma ka pūnaewele ClinicalTrials.gov.

Pono paha nā hoʻokolohua ukali.

ʻO kekahi o nā hoʻokolohua i hana ʻia e hōʻoia i ka maʻi ʻaʻai a i ʻole e ʻike i ke kahua o ka maʻi ʻaʻaʻa e hana hou ʻia paha. E hana hou ʻia kekahi mau hōʻike i mea e ʻike ai i ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana. Hoʻoholo ʻia nā hoʻoholo e pili ana inā e hoʻomau, hoʻololi, a kū paha i ka lāʻau ʻana ma nā hopena o kēia mau hoʻāʻo.

E hoʻomau ʻia kekahi o nā hoʻokolohua mai kēlā me kēia manawa ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka lāʻau. Hiki i nā hopena o kēia mau hoʻāʻo ke hōʻike inā ua loli ke ʻano o kāu keiki a i ʻole ua hoʻi hou ke kanesa. Kapa ʻia kēia mau hoʻāʻo i kekahi manawa nā hoʻokolohua ukali a i ʻole nā ​​loiloi.

No nā mea maʻi e loaʻa wale iā chemotherapy, hiki ke hana i kahi scan PET ma kahi o 3 mau pule a ʻoi paha ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka lāʻau. No nā mea maʻi i loaʻa ka radiation radiation i ka hope loa, ʻaʻole pono e hana i kahi scan PET a hiki i 8 a 12 mau pule ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka lāʻau.

Nā koho lapaʻau no nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio me Hodgkin Lymphoma

Ma keia Pauku

• ʻO ka Low-Risk Classic Childhood Hodgkin Lymphoma

• Waena waena-Pilikino Pilikino Hodgkin Lymphoma

• ʻO ka High-Risk Classic Childhood Hodgkin Lymphoma

• ʻO Nodular Lymphocyte-Predominant Childhood Hodgkin Lymphoma

No ka ʻike e pili ana i nā lāʻau i helu ʻia ma lalo, e ʻike i ka ʻaoʻao Overtion Option Overview.

ʻO ka Low-Risk Classic Childhood Hodgkin Lymphoma

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka limodoma Hodgkin maʻamau i nā kamaliʻi liʻiliʻi paha i loko o kēia mau mea:

• Hoʻohui chemotherapy.

• Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia ka radiation radiation i nā wahi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

E hoʻohana i kā mākou ʻimi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e ʻike i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua maʻi maʻi i kākoʻo ʻia e NCI e ʻae nei i nā mea maʻi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻimi i nā hoʻāʻo e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ka makahiki o ka mea hoʻomanawanui, a kahi e hana ʻia ai nā hoʻokolokolo. Loaʻa nā ʻike laulā e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.

Waena waena-Pilikino Pilikino Hodgkin Lymphoma

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka lymphoma Hodgkin maʻamau i waena o nā kamaliʻi i hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia i kēia mau mea penei:

• Hoʻohui chemotherapy.

• Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia ka radiation radiation i nā wahi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

E hoʻohana i kā mākou ʻimi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e ʻike i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua maʻi maʻi i kākoʻo ʻia e NCI e ʻae nei i nā mea maʻi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻimi i nā hoʻāʻo e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ka makahiki o ka mea hoʻomanawanui, a kahi e hana ʻia ai nā hoʻokolokolo. Loaʻa nā ʻike laulā e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.

ʻO ka High-Risk Classic Childhood Hodgkin Lymphoma

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka lymphoma Hodgkin kūlana kiʻekiʻe ʻoi aku ka pilikia i nā keiki e komo pū paha me kēia:

• ʻO ka chemotherapy hoʻohui i nā lāʻau ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe.

• Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia ka radiation radiation i nā wahi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

• ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o ka lāʻau hoʻomākaukau ʻia (brentuximab) a me ka chemotherapy hui pū. Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia ka radiation radiation i nā wahi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

E hoʻohana i kā mākou ʻimi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e ʻike i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua maʻi maʻi i kākoʻo ʻia e NCI e ʻae nei i nā mea maʻi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻimi i nā hoʻāʻo e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ka makahiki o ka mea hoʻomanawanui, a kahi e hana ʻia ai nā hoʻokolokolo. Loaʻa nā ʻike laulā e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.

ʻO Nodular Lymphocyte-Predominant Childhood Hodgkin Lymphoma

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ka nodular lymphocyte-predominant Childhood Hodgkin lymphoma i kēia mau mea:

• ʻOki kino, inā hiki ke hemo loa ka tumo.

• Chemotherapy me a i ʻole me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia o ka radiation radiation kūwaho.

E hoʻohana i kā mākou ʻimi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e ʻike i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua maʻi maʻi i kākoʻo ʻia e NCI e ʻae nei i nā mea maʻi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻimi i nā hoʻāʻo e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ka makahiki o ka mea hoʻomanawanui, a kahi e hana ʻia ai nā hoʻokolokolo. Loaʻa nā ʻike laulā e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.

Nā koho lapaʻau no ka Refractory / Hodgkin Lymphoma hou i nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio

No ka ʻike e pili ana i nā lāʻau i helu ʻia ma lalo, e ʻike i ka ʻaoʻao Overtion Option Overview.

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka refactory mua a i ʻole ka hoʻi pinepine ʻana o ka Hodgkin lymphoma i loko o kēia mau mea:

• Chemotherapy, hoʻomāka hoʻomoe (rituximab, brentuximab, a i ʻole bortezomib), a i ʻole ʻelua o kēia mau ʻano hana.

Immunotherapy (pembrolizumab).

• ʻO ka chemotherapy kiʻekiʻe loa me ka transplant cell stem me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hunaola maʻi o ka mea maʻi. Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia i ka monoclonal antibody therapy (brentuximab).

• Hāʻawi ʻia ka radiation radiation ma hope o ka transplant cell stem e hoʻohana ana i nā cell stem ponoʻī o ka mea maʻi a i ʻole inā ʻaʻole i pane ka maʻi ʻaʻa i nā ʻano lāʻau ʻē aʻe a ʻaʻole i mālama mua ʻia ka wahi me ke kanesa.

• ʻO ka chemotherapy kiʻekiʻe me ka transplant cell stem e hoʻohana ana i nā cell stem donor.

• ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o ka immunotherapy (nivolumab, pembrolizumab, a i atezolizumab).

E hoʻohana i kā mākou ʻimi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e ʻike i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua maʻi maʻi i kākoʻo ʻia e NCI e ʻae nei i nā mea maʻi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻimi i nā hoʻāʻo e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ka makahiki o ka mea hoʻomanawanui, a kahi e hana ʻia ai nā hoʻokolokolo. Loaʻa nā ʻike laulā e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.

E aʻo hou e pili ana i ka wā kamaliʻi Hodgkin Lymphoma

No ka ʻike hou aku mai ka National Cancer Institute e pili ana i ka Hodgkin lymphoma kamaliʻi, e ʻike i ka mea aʻe:

• Computers Tomography (CT) Scans a me ka maʻi ʻaʻai

• Ua ʻae ʻia nā lāʻau no Hodgkin Lymphoma

• ʻO nā Therapy Cancer i kau ʻia

• ʻO nā Transplant Cell-Blood Stem

No ka ʻike hou aku i ka maʻi ʻaʻai kamaliʻi a me nā kumuwaiwai maʻi ʻaʻai ʻē aʻe, e ʻike i ka mea aʻe:

• E pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai

• Nā maʻi ʻōpio

• Huli ʻo Cure no ka hōʻole ʻana i nā maʻi ʻaʻai keiki

• Nā hopena hope loa o ka mālama ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai kamaliʻi

• ʻO nā ʻōpio a me nā ʻōpio me ka maʻi ʻaʻai

• Nā keiki me ka maʻi ʻaʻai: He alakaʻi no nā mākua

• Ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio

• Ke hoʻokū nei

• Ke kāohi nei i ka maʻi ʻaʻai

• Nā nīnau e nīnau ai i kāu kauka e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai

• No nā mea ola a me nā mea mālama