Nā ʻano / lymphoma / hoʻomanawanui / makua-hodgkin-lapaʻau-pdq

Mālama Hodgkin Lymphoma Mālama (®) - Mana Mana Manaʻo

ʻO ka ʻikepili e pili ana i ka makua Hodgkin Lymphoma

NA MANA KUNI

• ʻO ka makua Hodgkin lymphoma kahi maʻi kahi e kū ai nā pūnaewele malignant (cancer) i ka ʻōnaehana lymph.

• ʻO nā ʻano nui ʻelua o Hodgkin lymphoma: ka mana a me ka nodular lymphocyte-predominant.

• ʻO ka makahiki, ke kāne, ma mua o ka maʻi Epstein-Barr, a me ka moʻolelo o ka ʻohana o Hodgkin lymphoma hiki ke hoʻonui i ka makaʻu o ka lymphoma Hodgkin makua.

• ʻO nā hōʻailona o ke kanaka nui Hodgkin lymphoma e hoʻopili ana i nā lymph node i pehu, ke kuni, ka hou ʻana i ka pulu o ka pō, ka pohō kaumaha, a me ka luhi.

• Hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua e nānā i ka ʻōnaehana lymph a me nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino e kōkua i ke kuhi a me ka pae i ka lymphoma makua Hodgkin.

• Kū kekahi mau kumu i ka wānana (kahi o ke ola ʻana) a me nā koho lapaʻau.

ʻO ka makua Hodgkin lymphoma kahi maʻi kahi e kū ai nā pūnaewele malignant (cancer) i ka ʻōnaehana lymph.

ʻO ke olonā ʻo Hodgkin lymphoma kahi ʻano o ke kanesa e ulu ana i ka ʻōnaehana lymph. ʻO ka ʻōnaehana lymph kahi ʻāpana o ka ʻōnaehana pale. Kōkua ia i ka pale ʻana i ke kino mai ka maʻi a me ka maʻi.

Hana ʻia ka ʻōnaehana lymph o kēia mau mea:

• Lymph: ʻAno ʻole, wai wai e hele ma waena o nā kīʻaha lymph a hāpai i nā lymphocytes T a me B. ʻO Lymphocytes kahi ʻano o ke keʻokeʻo koko keʻokeʻo.

• Nā moku Lymph: kahi pūnaewele o nā paipu lahilahi e hōʻiliʻili i ka lymph mai nā wahi like ʻole o ke kino a hoʻihoʻi iā ia i ke kahe o ke koko.

• Lymph nodes: nā liʻiliʻi, nā ʻano ʻano pēni e kānana i ka lymph a mālama i nā hunaola keokeo e kōkua i ke kaua ʻana i ka maʻi a me nā maʻi. Loaʻa nā lymph nodes ma kahi pūnaewele o nā kīʻaha lymph i loko o ke kino. Loaʻa nā hui o nā lymph node i ka mediastinum (kahi ma waena o nā akemāmā), ʻāʻī, underarm, ʻōpū, pelvis, a me nā ʻūlū. ʻO Hodgkin lymphoma ka mea maʻamau i nā lymph node ma luna o ka diaphragm a pinepine i nā lymph node i ka mediastinum.

• Spleen: ʻO kahi mea hana i nā lymphocytes, mālama i nā hunaola ʻulaʻula a me nā lymphocytes, kānana i ke koko, a luku i nā huna koko kahiko. Aia ka spleen ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka ʻōpū kokoke i ka ʻōpū.

• Thymus: ʻO kahi lālā a nā T lymphocytes i oʻo ai a hoʻonui. Aia ka timus ma ka umauma ma hope o ka umauma.

• ʻO ka iwi iwi: ʻO ka mea palupalu, spongy kiko i waenakonu o kekahi mau iwi, e like me ka iwi pūhaka a me ka umauma. Hana ʻia nā hunaola keʻokeʻo, nā ʻulaʻula, a me nā platelet i ka iwi iwi.

• Tonsils: ʻElua mau nui liʻiliʻi o nā kiko lymph ma ka hope o ka ʻāʻī. Aia hoʻokahi tonsil ma kēlā me kēia ʻaoʻao o ka puʻu. ʻAʻole hiki ke hana ʻia ka lymphoma makua Hodgkin i nā tonsil.

ʻO Anatomy o ka ʻōnaehana lymph, e hōʻike ana i nā kīʻaha lymph a me nā mea lymph e like me nā lymph node, tonsils, thymus, spleen, a me ka iwi iwi. Hele ka Lymph (wai maʻemaʻe) a me nā lymphocytes ma waena o nā kīʻaha lymph a i loko o nā lymph node kahi e luku ai nā lymphocytes i nā mea hōʻeha. Komo ka lymph i ke koko ma o kahi aa nui kokoke i ka puʻuwai.

Loaʻa pū ʻia ka pūnana lymph i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino, e like me ka uhi ʻana o ka tract digestive, bronchus, a me ka ʻili.

ʻElua ʻano maʻamau o ka lymphoma: Hodgkin lymphoma a me non-Hodgkin lymphoma. ʻO kēia hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana i ka lymphoma Hodgkin makua, e like me ka wā hāpai.

No ka ʻike e pili ana i ka Hodgkin lymphoma i loko o nā keiki, lymphoma non-Hodgkin makua, a i ʻole lymphoma i ka poʻe i loaʻa ka maʻi maʻi maʻi (AIDS), e ʻike i nā hōʻuluʻulu aʻe:

• ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka Lymphoma Non-Hodgkin makua

• ʻO ka mālama ʻana iā Hodgkin Lymphoma Childhood

• Lapaʻau-pili Lymphoma lapaʻau

ʻO nā ʻano nui ʻelua o Hodgkin lymphoma: ka mana a me ka nodular lymphocyte-predominant.

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā lymphomas Hodgkin ka ʻano maʻamau. Ke nānā ʻia kahi laʻana o nā kiko lymph node ma lalo o kahi microscope, e ʻike ʻia nā Hodgkin lymphoma cancer cells, i kapa ʻia ʻo Reed-Sternberg cells. Ua wāwahi ʻia ka ʻano maʻamau i nā ʻano subtypes ʻehā:

• Nodular sclerosing Hodgkin lymphoma.

• Hoʻohui ʻia cellularity Hodgkin lymphoma.

• Hoʻopiʻi Lymphocyte Hodgkin lymphoma.

• Lymphocyte-rich classic Hodgkin lymphoma.

He laha ʻole ka Nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma a makemake e ulu lohi ma mua o ka maʻamau Hodgkin lymphoma. Hana pinepine ʻo Nodular lymphocyte-ʻo Hodgkin lymphoma ma ke ʻano he puʻupuʻu lymph pehu i ka ʻāʻī, ka umauma, nā ʻāpana lima, a i ʻole ke aʻa. ʻO ka hapanui o ka poʻe ʻaʻohe o lākou hōʻailona a hōʻailona paha o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma ka hōʻoia ʻana. ʻOkoʻa ʻokoʻa ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa mai ka Hodgkin lymphoma kahiko.

ʻO ka makahiki, ke kāne, ma mua o ka maʻi Epstein-Barr, a me ka moʻolelo o ka ʻohana o Hodgkin lymphoma hiki ke hoʻonui i ka makaʻu o ka lymphoma Hodgkin makua.

ʻO nā mea āpau e hoʻonui i kou makaʻu i ka loaʻa ʻana i kahi maʻi i kapa ʻia he kumu weliweli. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi mea pilikia ʻaʻole ia he kumu e loaʻa ʻoe i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻaʻohe o nā kumu pilikia ʻaʻole ia he kumu ʻaʻole ʻoe e loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka inā manaʻo ʻoe ua makaʻu paha ʻoe. ʻO nā kumu pilikia no ka Hodgkin lymphoma makua me kēia mau mea:

• Makahiki. ʻO ka lyodoma Hodgkin ka mea maʻamau i ka wā ʻōpio (20-39 mau makahiki) a i ka hala ʻana o ke kanaka makua (65 mau makahiki a ʻoi paha).

• Ke kāne. ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka makaʻu o ka makua Hodgkin lymphoma i nā kāne ma mua o ka wahine.

• ʻO ka maʻi maʻi Epstein-Barr i hala. Loaʻa i ka maʻi me ka maʻi Epstein-Barr i nā makahiki ʻōpio a i ʻole i ka wā kamaliʻi e hoʻonui i ka makaʻu o Hodgkin lymphoma.

• He moʻolelo ʻohana o Hodgkin lymphoma. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi makua, kaikuaʻana, a kaikuahine paha me Hodgkin lymphoma e hoʻonui i ka makaʻu o ka hoʻomohala ʻana iā Hodgkin lymphoma.

ʻO nā hōʻailona o ke kanaka nui Hodgkin lymphoma e hoʻopili ana i nā lymph node i pehu, ke kuni, ka hou ʻana i ka pulu o ka pō, ka pohō kaumaha, a me ka luhi.

ʻO kēia a me nā ʻōuli a me nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe i kumu ʻia e ka makua Hodgkin lymphoma a i ʻole nā ​​kūlana ʻē aʻe. E nīnau me kāu kauka inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o nā ʻōuli e iho ʻole e hele.

• Painless, pehu nā lymph node i ka ʻāʻī, underarm, a i ʻole ke ʻū.

• Fiva no ke kumu ʻole i ʻike ʻia.

• Hoʻoulu ka pulu o ka pō.

• ʻO ke kaupaona ʻana no ke kumu ʻole i ʻike ʻia i loko o 6 mau mahina i hala.

• ʻIli ʻili, ʻoiai hoʻi ma hope o ka ʻauʻau ʻana a i ʻole inu lama.

• Luhi nui loa.

ʻO ke kuni no ke kumu ʻole i ʻike ʻia, ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi no ke kumu ʻole i ʻike ʻia, a me nā wīwī i ka pō e kapa ʻia nā hōʻailona B. ʻO nā hōʻailona B kahi ʻāpana nui o ka hoʻokumu ʻana iā Hodgkin lymphoma a me ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka manawa o ka mea maʻi e hiki ke ola.

Hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua e nānā i ka ʻōnaehana lymph a me nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino e kōkua i ke kuhi a me ka pae i ka lymphoma makua Hodgkin.

ʻO nā hopena o nā hoʻokolohua a me nā kaʻina hana ma lalo pū kekahi e kōkua i nā hoʻoholo e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana.

Pili pū paha kēia mau hoʻāʻo:

• ʻO ka hoʻāʻo kino a me ka mōʻaukala olakino: kahi hōʻike o ke kino e nānā i nā hōʻailona laulā o ke olakino, e like me ka nānā ʻana i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi, e like me nā puʻupuʻu a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻē aʻe e ʻano ʻē. ʻO kahi moʻolelo o ke olakino o ka mea maʻi, e like me ke kuni, ka hou o ka pō, a me ka pohō kaumaha, e lawe ʻia nā maʻi i hala a me nā mālama ʻana.

• Helu piha o ke koko (CBC): Ke kaʻina hana e huki ʻia ai kahi laʻana o ke koko a nānā ʻia no kēia mau mea:

• ʻO ka helu o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula, nā aʻa koko keʻokeʻo, a me nā platelet.

• ʻO ka nui o ka hemoglobin (ka protein i hāpai i ka oxygen) i loko o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula.

• ʻO ka ʻāpana o ka laʻana i hana ʻia i nā hunaola ʻulaʻula.

Helu piha ke koko (CBC). Hōʻiliʻili ʻia ke koko ma ka hoʻokomo ʻana i kahi nila i loko o kahi aa a ʻae i ke kahe o ke koko i loko o kahi paipu. Hoʻouna ʻia ka laʻana koko i ke keʻena hoʻokolohua a helu ʻia nā ʻulaʻula o ke koko, nā hunaola keokeo, a me nā platelet. Hoʻohana ʻia ka CBC e hoʻāʻo ai, e hōʻoia ai, a nānā i nā ʻano like ʻole.

• Nā aʻo kemika koko: kahi hana e nānā ʻia ai kahi hāpana koko e ana i ka nui o kekahi mau mea i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i loko o ke koko e nā mea a me nā mea i loko o ke kino. ʻO kahi mea maʻamau (ʻoi aʻe a i ʻole haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka maʻamau) o kahi mea hiki ke lilo i hōʻailona o ka maʻi.

• Hōʻike LDH: kahi kaʻina e nānā ʻia kahi hāpana koko e ana i ka nui o ka lactic dehydrogenase (LDH). ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka LDH i ke koko he hōʻailona paha ia o ka hōʻino ʻana o ka iʻa, lymphoma, a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi ʻē aʻe.

• ʻO ka hōʻoia Hepatitis B a me ka hepatitis C: kahi kaʻina kahi e nānā ʻia kahi hāpana o ke koko e ana i ka nui o nā antigens a me / a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻino a he hepatitis C a me nā helu ʻino. Kapa ʻia kēia mau antigens a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻāpana he hōʻailona. Hoʻohana ʻia nā māka ʻokoʻa a i ʻole ka hui ʻana o nā māka e ʻike ai inā he maʻi hepatitis B a C paha ka mea maʻi, ua loaʻa mua i ka maʻi a i ʻole ka lāʻau ʻana, a i ʻole hiki ke maʻi. ʻO ka ʻike inā he hepatitis B a C paha ka mea maʻi e kōkua paha i ka hoʻolālā ʻana i ka lāʻau.

• Hōʻike HIV: kahi hōʻike e ana i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka maʻi pale maʻi (HIV) kanaka i loko o kahi laʻana o ke koko. Hana ʻia nā Antibodies e ke kino ke hoʻouka ʻia e kahi waiwai haole. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o nā mea ʻino HIV he mea paha ua maʻi ka maʻi i ka maʻi HIV. ʻO ka ʻike inā he maʻi ka mea maʻi i hiki ke kōkua i ka hoʻolālā ʻana i ka lāʻau.

• Ka helu sedimentation: kahi hana e huki ʻia ai kahi mea o ke koko a nānā ʻia no ka uku i kū ai nā hunaola ʻulaʻula i lalo o ka pahu hoʻāʻo. ʻO ke ana sedimentation kahi ana o ka nui o ka mumū i loko o ke kino. ʻO kahi kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka maʻamau sedimentation rate he hōʻailona paha ia o ka lymphoma a i ʻole kekahi ʻano. Kapa ʻia ka helu sedimentation erythrocyte, helu sed, a i ʻole ESR.

• Nānā PET-CT: kahi hana e hoʻohui i nā kiʻi mai kahi scan tomography emission positron (PET) a me kahi scan tomography i helu ʻia (CT). Hana ʻia nā paʻi PET a me CT ma ka manawa like ma ka mīkini like. Hoʻohui ʻia nā kiʻi mai nā kiʻi ʻelua e hana i kahi kiʻi kikoʻī ma mua o nā hōʻike ʻelua e hana ʻia e ia iho. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kahi scan PET-CT e kōkua i ke kuhi ʻana i ka maʻi, e like me ke kanesa, e hoʻoholo i ke kahua, e hoʻolālā i ka lāʻau, a i ʻole e ʻike i ke ʻano o ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana.

• CT scan (CAT scan): kahi hana e hana ai i kahi o nā kiʻi kikoʻī o nā wahi i loko o ke kino, e like me ka ʻāʻī, ka umauma, ʻōpū, pelvis, a me nā lymph node, i lawe ʻia mai nā kihi ʻokoʻa. Hana ʻia nā kiʻi e kahi kamepiula i hoʻopili ʻia i kahi mīkini x-ray. Hoʻokomo ʻia paha ke kala i loko o ke aa a i ʻole ale ʻia e kōkua i nā ʻōpū a i ʻole nā ​​kino i hōʻike hou aku me ka maopopo. Kāhea ʻia kēia kaʻina hana he tomography i helu ʻia, kamepiula tomography, a i ʻole he tomography axial computerized. Inā ʻaʻole loaʻa kahi scan PET-CT, hiki ke hana ʻia kahi scan CT wale nō.

• PET scan (positron emission tomography scan): ʻO kahi scan PET kahi hana e loaʻa ai nā pūnaewele tumo malignant i loko o ke kino. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi liʻiliʻi o ka glucose radioactive (kō) i loko o kahi aa koko. Hoʻopili ka scanner PET a puni ke kino a hana i kahi kiʻi o kahi e hoʻohana ʻia ai ka glucose i ke kino. ʻOi aku ka mālamalama o nā hunaola tumo ma ke kiʻi no ka mea ʻoi aku ka hana a lawe i ka glucose ma mua o ka hana ʻana o nā hunaola maʻamau.

• ʻO ka biopsy Lymph node: Ka lawe ʻana o nā mea āpau a ʻāpana paha o kahi kōpona lymph. ʻIke kahi pathologist i ke kiko ma lalo o kahi microscope e nānā no nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai i kapa ʻia ʻo Reed-Sternberg cells. Kūleʻa nā pūnaewele Reed-Sternberg i ka lyodoma Hodgkin maʻamau.

Keʻena Reed-Sternberg. ʻO nā keena ʻo Reed-Sternberg nui, lymphocytes ʻole e komo i loko o hoʻokahi aukona. Loaʻa kēia mau hunaola i Hodgkin lymphoma.

E hana ʻia paha kekahi o nā ʻano biopsies:

• ʻO Biopsy kūikawā: ʻO ka wehe ʻana i kahi kōpona lymph holoʻokoʻa.

• ʻO Biopsy Incisional: Ka wehe ʻana i kahi ʻāpana o kahi kōpona lymph.

• ʻO Biopsy Core: ʻO ka hemo ʻana o nā pūnaewele mai kahi lymph node e hoʻohana ana i kahi nila ākea.

ʻO nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ke kino, e like me ke ake, ka akemā, ka iwi, ka iwi iwi, a me ka lolo, loaʻa paha kahi laʻana o nā kiko i lawe ʻia a nānā ʻia e ka pathologist no nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Hiki ke hana i kēia hōʻike aʻe ma nā kiko i lawe ʻia.

• Immunophenotyping: kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e hoʻohana ai i nā mea ʻino e ʻike ai i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai e pili ana i nā ʻano antigens a i ʻole nā ​​māka ma ka ʻili o nā hunaola. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia ho'āʻo e kōkua i ke kuhi ʻana i nā ʻano kikoʻī o ka lymphoma.

No nā wahine hāpai me Hodgkin lymphoma, hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi ʻana e pale ai i ka pēpē i hānau ʻole ʻia mai nā ʻino o ka radiation. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia mau mea:

• MRI (kiʻi resonance ʻume mākenēki): kahi hana e hoʻohana ai i ka magnet, nā nalu lekiō, a me kahi kamepiula e hana i kahi moʻo o nā kiʻi kikoʻī o nā wahi i loko o ke kino. Kāhea ʻia kēia kaʻina hana he kiʻi nukelea kiʻi resonance (NMRI). I nā wahine hāpai, ʻaʻole hoʻohana ʻia ka kala ʻokoʻa i ke kaʻina hana.

• ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o Ultrasound: kahi kaʻina hana e kipaku ʻia ai nā nalu kani ikaika (ultrasound) mai nā aʻa a i ʻole nā ​​ʻola a hana i nā leo. Hoʻokumu nā leo i kahi kiʻi o nā kino o ke kino i kapa ʻia he sonogram.

Kū kekahi mau kumu i ka wānana (kahi o ke ola ʻana) a me nā koho lapaʻau.

ʻO ka wānana (loaʻa o ke ola) a me nā koho lapaʻau e pili i kēia:

• ʻO nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli o ka mea hoʻomanawanui, e pili ana inā ʻaʻole a loaʻa iā lākou nā hōʻailona B (fever no ke kumu ʻole i ʻike ʻia, ka pohō kaumaha no ke kumu ʻole i ʻike ʻia, a me nā sweats i ka pō drenching).

• ʻO ke kahua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai (ka nui o nā puʻupuʻu maʻi ʻaʻai a inā paha ua pāhola ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ka ʻōpū a ʻoi aku paha ma mua o hoʻokahi hui o nā lymph node).

• Ke ʻano o Hodgkin lymphoma.

• Nā hopena hōʻike koko.

• ʻO ka makahiki o ka mea hoʻomanawanui, ka wahine, a me ke olakino laulā.

• Inā ʻike hou ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai, hoʻomau e ulu i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana, a i ʻole ua hoʻi mai ma hope o ka lāʻau.

No ka Hodgkin lymphoma i ka wā hāpai, pili nā koho lapaʻau i:

• Nā makemake o ka mea hoʻomanawanui.

• Ka makahiki o ka pēpē i hānau ʻole ʻia.

Hiki ke hoʻōla maʻamau ka makua Hodgkin lymphoma inā loaʻa a mālama ʻia i ka wanaʻao.

Nā kahua o ka makua Hodgkin Lymphoma

NA MANA KUNI

• Ma hope o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o ka lymphoma Hodgkin makua, hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua e ʻike inā ua hoʻolaha ʻia nā hunaola maʻi ʻino i loko o ka ʻōnaehana lymph a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

• Aia he ʻekolu mau ala e hoʻolaha ai ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ke kino.

• Hoʻohana ʻia nā pae aʻe no ka limodoma Hodgkin makua:

• ʻO ASTage I

• ʻO ASTage II

• ʻO ASTage III

• ʻO ASTage IV

• Hoʻohui ʻia ʻo AAdult Hodgkin lymphoma no ka mālama ʻana penei:

• AEarly Makemake

• AEarly makemake ʻole ʻia

• Hoʻohui ʻia

Ma hope o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o ka lymphoma Hodgkin makua, hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua e ʻike inā ua hoʻolaha ʻia nā hunaola maʻi ʻino i loko o ka ʻōnaehana lymph a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

ʻO ke kaʻina hana e ʻike inā ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ka ʻōnaehana lymph a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino i kapa ʻia ka staging. ʻO ka ʻikepili i hōʻiliʻili ʻia mai ke kaʻina hana e hoʻoholo ai i ka pae o ka maʻi. He mea nui ia e ʻike i ke kahua e hoʻolālā i ka lāʻau. ʻO nā hopena o nā hoʻokolohua a me nā kaʻina hana i hana ʻia e diagnose a me ka pae Hodgkin lymphoma e kōkua ai i nā hoʻoholo e pili ana i ka lāʻau.

ʻEkolu ala e hoʻolaha ai ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ke kino.

Hiki ke pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma o nā meaola, ka ʻōnaehana lymph, a me ke koko.

• Kāpena. Hoʻolahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai kahi i hoʻomaka ai i ka ulu ʻana i nā wahi kokoke.

• ʻŌnaehana Lymph. Hoʻolahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai kahi i hoʻomaka ai i ke komo ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana lymph. Hele ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma o nā kīʻaha lymph i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

• Koko. Hoʻolahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai kahi i hoʻomaka ai i ke komo ʻana i ke koko. Hele ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma o nā kīʻaha koko i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

Hoʻohana ʻia nā pae aʻe no ka Hodgkin lymphoma makua:

Ke kahua I

ʻO ke kahua I lymphoma makua. ʻIke ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha o nā lymph node i kahi hui o nā lymph node a i ʻole i nā hihia kakaʻikahi, loaʻa ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma ke apo o Waldeyer's, thymus, a i ʻole spleen. I ke kahua IE (ʻaʻole hōʻike ʻia), ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i hoʻokahi wahi ma waho o ka ʻōnaehana lymph.

Hoʻohana ʻia ka pae I makua ʻo Hodgkin lymphoma i nā pae I a me IE.

• I ke kahua I, loaʻa ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma kekahi o nā wahi aʻe i ka ʻōnaehana lymph.

• Hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha nā lymph node i kahi hui o nā lymph node.

• Ke apo a Waldeyer.

• ʻO kāu

• ʻLepala

• I ke kahua IE, loaʻa ka maʻi ʻaʻai i hoʻokahi wahi ma waho o ka ʻōnaehana lymph.

Kahua II

Mahele II a me IIE ka mahele II makua Hodgkin lymphoma.

• I ke kahua II, loaʻa ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ʻelua a ʻoi mau hui o nā lymph node ma luna o ka diaphragm a i ʻole ma lalo o ka diaphragm.

Ke kahua II makua lymphoma. ʻIke ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ʻelua a ʻoi mau hui o nā lymph node ma luna o ka diaphragm a i ʻole ma lalo o ka diaphragm.

I ke kahua IIE, ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai kahi hui o nā lymph node i kahi kokoke i waho o ka ʻōnaehana lymph. Ua pālahalaha paha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā hui lymph node ʻē aʻe ma ka ʻaoʻao like o ka diaphragm.

Ke kahua IIE makua lymphoma. Ua pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai kahi hui o nā lymph node i kahi kokoke i waho o ka ʻōnaehana lymph. Ua pālahalaha paha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā hui lymph node ʻē aʻe ma ka ʻaoʻao like o ka diaphragm.

I ke kahua II, pili ka huaʻōlelo nui i kahi maʻi tumo i ʻoi aku ka nui. ʻO ka nui o ka nui o ka tumola i kuhikuhi ʻia e like me ka maʻi nui nui e like me ke ʻano o ka lymphoma.

Kahua III

Ke kahua III makua lymphoma. ʻIke ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā hui o nā lymph node ma luna a ma lalo o ka diaphragm; aiʻole i kahi hui o nā lymph nodes ma luna o ka diaphragm a i ka lūlū.

I ka pae III makua Hodgkin lymphoma, loaʻa ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

• i nā hui o nā lymph node ma luna a ma lalo o ka diaphragm; a i ʻole

• i nā lymph nodes ma luna aʻe o ka diaphragm a i ka lūlū.

Kahua IV

Ke kahua IV makua lymphoma. Ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai (a) ma loko o hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha o nā mea ma waho o ka ʻōnaehana lymph; a i ʻole (b) loaʻa i nā hui ʻelua a ʻoi paha o nā lymph node ma luna aʻe o ka diaphragm a i ʻole ma lalo o ka diaphragm a i hoʻokahi mea ma waho o ka ʻōnaehana lymph a ʻaʻole kokoke i nā lymph node i hoʻopili ʻia a i ʻole (c) loaʻa i nā hui o nā lymph node ma luna aʻe o ka diaphragm a ma lalo o ka diaphragm a i loko o kekahi mea i waho o ka ʻōnaehana lymph; a i ʻole loaʻa (d) i loko o ke akepaʻa, ka iwi iwi, ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi wahi i ka akemāmā, a i ʻole ka wai cerebrospinal (CSF). ʻAʻole pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ke ake, ka iwi o ka iwi, akemāmā, a me CSF mai nā lymph node kokoke.

I ke kahua IV makua Hodgkin lymphoma, maʻi ʻaʻai:

• ua pālahalaha aʻe ma loko o hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha nā mea ma waho o ka ʻōnaehana lymph; a i ʻole

• loaʻa i nā hui ʻelua a ʻoi paha o nā lymph node ma luna o ka diaphragm a i ʻole ma lalo o ka diaphragm a i hoʻokahi mea ma waho o ka ʻōnaehana lymph a ʻaʻole kokoke i nā lymph node i hoʻopili ʻia. a i ʻole

• Loaʻa ia i nā hui o nā lymph node ma luna a ma lalo o ka diaphragm a i kekahi mea i waho o ka ʻōnaehana lymph; a i ʻole

• loaʻa i ke akepaʻa, iwi iwi, ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi wahi i ka akemāmā, a i ʻole ka cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). ʻAʻole pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ke ake, ka iwi o ka iwi, akemāmā, a me CSF mai nā lymph node kokoke.

Hoʻohui ʻia nā limahoma Hodgkin makua no ka mālama ʻana e like me kēia:

Punahele Punahele

ʻO ka lymphoma makua maikaʻi ʻo Hodgkin maikaʻi ka pae I a i ʻole pae II, me ka ʻole o nā kumu pilikia e hoʻonui i ka manawa e hoʻi mai ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma hope o ka mālama ʻia ʻana.

ʻAno maikaʻi ʻole

ʻO ke kanaka makua maikaʻi ʻole ʻo Hodgkin lymphoma ka pae I a i ʻole pae II me hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha o nā kumuhana ʻē aʻe e hoʻonui i ka manawa e hoʻi mai ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma hope o ka mālama ʻia ʻana.

• Loaʻa i kahi tumo i ka umauma i ʻoi aku ma mua o 1/3 o ka laulā o ka umauma a i ʻole ma ka liʻiliʻi 10 kenimika.

• Loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o kahi ʻokana ʻē aʻe ma mua o nā lymph node.

• Loaʻa i kahi helu sedimentation kiʻekiʻe (i kahi laʻana o ke koko, kū nā hunaola ʻulaʻula i lalo o ka pahu hoʻāʻo ma mua o ka maʻamau).

• Loaʻa ʻekolu a ʻoi paha mau lymph node me ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

• Loaʻa nā ʻōuli B (ke kuni no ke kumu ʻole i ʻike ʻia, ka pohō kaumaha no ke kumu ʻole, a i ʻole ka pulu ʻana i ka wili pō).

Pae holomua

ʻO Advanced Hodgkin lymphoma kahi pae III a i ʻole pae IV. ʻO ka lyodoma maikaʻi maikaʻi ʻo Hodgkin ʻoi aku ka manaʻo o ka mea hoʻomanawanui he 0-3 o nā kumu pilikia ma lalo. ʻO ka lyodoma maikaʻi ʻole maikaʻi ʻo Hodgkin ʻo ia hoʻi he 4 a ʻoi paha nā mea maʻi ma lalo. ʻO nā mea nui i loaʻa i ka mea maʻi, ʻo ka ʻoi aku paha ka hoʻi o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma hope o ka mālama ʻia ʻana:

• Loaʻa i kahi pae albumin (protein) haʻahaʻa (ma lalo o 4).

• Loaʻa i kahi pae hemoglobin haʻahaʻa (ma lalo o 10.5).

• Ke kāne.

• ʻO ka makahiki 45 a ʻoi paha.

• Loaʻa i ka maʻi maʻi IV.

• Loaʻa i kahi helu keʻokeʻo koko kiʻekiʻe (15,000 a ʻoi paha).

• Loaʻa ka helu lymphocyte haʻahaʻa (ma lalo o 600 a i ʻole emi o 8% o ka helu keʻokeʻo o ke koko).

ʻO Lympoma Hodgkin makua hou

ʻO ke kanaka hou ʻo Hodgkin lymphoma ka maʻi ʻaʻai i hoʻi hou (hoʻi mai) ma hope o ka mālama ʻia ʻana. E hoʻi paha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ka ʻōnaehana lymph a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

Laulā Manaʻo Option Oponopono

NA MANA KUNI

• Aia nā ʻano lapaʻau like ʻole no nā mea maʻi me ka lyodoma Hodgkin makua.

• ʻO nā mea maʻi me Hodgkin lymphoma e hoʻolālā ʻia kā lākou lapaʻau ʻana e kahi hui o nā lawelawe mālama ola me ka loea i ka mālama ʻana i nā lymphomas.

• Hoʻomaʻamaʻa no ka makua Hodgkin lymphoma i nā hopena ʻaoʻao.

• Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano ʻehā o ka hoʻoponopono maʻamau:

• ʻO Chemotherapy

• Lapaʻau hoʻomākala

• Pahuhopu kau ʻia

• Immunotherapy

• No nā mea maʻi hāpai me Hodgkin lymphoma, ʻo nā koho lapaʻau pū kekahi:

• Ke kali kiaʻi nei

• Pākuʻi steroid

• Ke hoʻāʻo ʻia nei nā ʻano lapaʻau hou i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.

• ʻO Chemotherapy me ka transplant cell stem

• Makemake paha nā mea maʻi e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana.

• Hiki i nā mea maʻi ke komo i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ma mua, i ka wā, a ma hope paha o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i kā lākou mālama maʻi ʻaʻai.

• Pono paha nā hoʻokolohua ukali.

Aia nā ʻano lapaʻau like ʻole no nā mea maʻi me ka lyodoma Hodgkin makua.

Loaʻa nā ʻano lapaʻau like ʻole no nā mea maʻi me ka limodoma Hodgkin makua. Kūlana maʻamau kekahi mau lapaʻau (i kēia manawa hoʻohana ʻia i ka mālama ʻana), a ʻo kekahi e hoʻāʻo ʻia nei i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua. ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua lapaʻau kahi noiʻi noiʻi i manaʻo ʻia e kōkua i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā mālama ʻana i kēia manawa a i ʻole loaʻa ka ʻike e pili ana i nā mālama hou no nā maʻi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Ke hōʻike nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kahi lapaʻau hou ma mua o ka maʻamau maʻamau, lilo paha ka lāʻau hou i ka lapaʻau maʻamau. Makemake paha nā mea maʻi e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana. ʻO kekahi mau hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e hāmama wale i nā mea maʻi i hoʻomaka ʻole i ka lāʻau.

No nā wahine hāpai me Hodgkin lymphoma, koho maikaʻi ʻia ka mālama ʻana e pale aku i ka pēpē i hānau ʻole ʻia. Hoʻokumu ʻia nā ʻōlelo hoʻoholo i ka makemake o ka makuahine, ke kahua o ka Hodgkin lymphoma, a me nā makahiki o ka pēpē i hānau ʻole ʻia. Hiki ke loli ke kumumanaʻo lapaʻau e like me nā ʻōuli a me nā ʻōuli, ka maʻi ʻaʻai, a me ka loli o ka hāpai ʻana. Ke koho nei i ka lapaʻau maʻi maʻi kūpono kūpono loa ka hoʻoholo e pili pono i ka mea maʻi, ʻohana, a me ka hui mālama olakino.

ʻO nā mea maʻi me Hodgkin lymphoma e hoʻolālā ʻia kā lākou lapaʻau ʻana e kahi hui o nā lawelawe mālama ola me ka loea i ka mālama ʻana i nā lymphomas.

Mālama ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau e kekahi kauka oncologist, he kauka i loea i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. E kuhikuhi paha ke kauka oncologist iā ʻoe i nā mea lawelawe olakino ʻē aʻe i loaʻa ka ʻike a me ka mākaukau i ka mālama ʻana i ka lymphoma Hodgkin makua a me ka poʻe loea i kekahi mau wahi o ka lāʻau. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia mau mea i lalo:

• Oncologist uila.

• Lapaʻau hoʻōla.

• Hematologist.

• ʻO nā loea oncology ʻē aʻe.

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa no ka makua Hodgkin lymphoma i nā hopena ʻaoʻao.

No ka ʻike e pili ana i nā hopena i hoʻomaka i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ʻike i kā mākou ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao.

ʻO nā hopena ʻē aʻe mai ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai e hoʻomaka ma hope o ka mālama ʻana a hoʻomau no nā mahina a i ʻole mau makahiki e kapa ʻia nā hopena hopena. ʻO ka mālama ʻana me chemotherapy a me / a i ʻole radiation therapy no Hodgkin lymphoma e hoʻonui ai i ka hopena o nā maʻi ʻelua a me nā pilikia olakino ʻē aʻe no nā mahina a i ʻole nā ​​makahiki ma hope o ka lapaʻau ʻana. Pili kēia hopena hopena i ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana a me nā makahiki o ka mea maʻi ke mālama ʻia, a hiki pū paha me kēia:

• Maʻi ʻaʻai ʻelua.

• ʻO ka leukemia myelogenous ākea a me ka lymphoma non-Hodgkin.

• ʻO nā tumors paʻa, e like me ka mesothelioma a me ke kanesa o ka akemāmā, ka umauma, ka thyroid, ka iwi, nā mea palupalu, ʻōpū, esophagus, kolona, ​​ke kīhā, cervix, a me ke poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī.

• Hoʻoipoipo ʻole.

• Hypothyroidism (ʻo ka liʻiliʻi o ka hormone thyroid i ke koko).

• ʻO ka maʻi puʻuwai, e like me ka hōʻeha puʻuwai.

• Nā pilikia o ka puʻu, e like me ka hanu pilikia.

• Avrosic necrosis o ka iwi (make o nā hunaola iwi i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka kahe ʻole o ke kahe o ke koko).

• Maʻi ʻaʻai nui.

• Luhi luhi.

ʻO ka ukali maʻamau e nā kauka loea i ka ʻimi a me ka mālama ʻana i nā hopena hopena he mea nui ia no ke olakino lōʻihi o nā mea maʻi i mālama ʻia no Hodgkin lymphoma.

Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano ʻehā o ka hoʻoponopono maʻamau:

ʻO Chemotherapy

ʻO Chemotherapy kahi lāʻau lapaʻau maʻi maʻi e hoʻohana i hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha nā lāʻau e hōʻoki i ka ulu ʻana o nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai, ma ka luku ʻana paha i nā hunaola a i ʻole ke kāpae ʻana iā lākou mai ka hoʻokaʻawale. ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai me ka hoʻohana ʻana ma mua o hoʻokahi lāʻau chemotherapy i kapa ʻia ʻo chemotherapy hui pū. Ke lawe ʻia ka chemotherapy e ka waha a i ʻole injected i loko o kahi aa koko a i ʻole nā ​​mākala, komo nā lāʻau i ke kahe o ke koko a hiki ke kiʻi i nā hunaola maʻi ʻōpio i loko o ke kino (chemotherapy ʻōnaehana). Ke waiho pololei ʻia ka chemotherapy i loko o ka wai cerebrospinal, kahi hui, a i ʻole ke kino o ke kino e like me ka ʻōpū, ʻo nā lāʻau lapaʻau ka mea nui e hoʻopili i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai i kēlā mau wahi (chemotherapy āpau).

Hāʻawi ʻia ke ala o ka chemotherapy i ka ʻano a me ke kahua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai e mālama ʻia. Hoʻohana ʻia ka chemotherapy hui pū me ka chemotherapy no ka mālama ʻana i ka lymphoma Hodgkin makua.

Ke mālama ʻia kahi wahine hāpai me ka chemotherapy no Hodgkin lymphoma, ʻaʻole hiki ke pale aku i ka pēpē i hānau ʻole ʻia mai ka chemotherapy. Hiki i kekahi regimens chemotherapy ke hana i nā kīnā hānau inā hāʻawi ʻia i ka trimester mua. ʻO Vinblastine kahi lāʻau anticancer i pili ʻole i nā hānau hānau ke hāʻawi ʻia i ka ʻelua a ʻekolu paha o ka trimesters o ka hāpai ʻana.

E ʻike i nā lāʻau i ʻāpono ʻia no Hodgkin Lymphoma no ka ʻike hou aku.

Lapaʻau hoʻomākala

ʻO ka radiation radiation kahi lāʻau maʻi maʻi maʻi e hoʻohana i nā kukuna x nui ikaika a i ʻole nā ​​ʻano radiation e hoʻomake i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai a mālama ʻole paha i ka ulu ʻana. Hoʻohana ka radiation radiation kūwaho i kahi mīkini ma waho o ke kino e hoʻouna i ka radiation i kahi o ke kino me ka maʻi ʻaʻai. I kekahi manawa hāʻawi ʻia ka irradiation o ke kino i ke kino holoʻokoʻa ma mua o kahi transplant cell stem.

Ke aʻo ʻia nei ka lāʻau radiation radiation Proton no ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi ʻōpio wahine e hōʻemi i ka makaʻu o ka umauma maʻi ʻaʻai. Hoʻohana ka radiation radiation proton i nā kahawai o nā protons (nā huna liʻiliʻi me ka uku maikaʻi) e pepehi i nā hunaola tumora. Hiki i kēia ʻano lapaʻau ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka nui o ka hōʻino ʻana o ka radiation i nā mea olakino kokoke i kahi tumo e like me ka puʻuwai a me ka umauma.

Hoʻohana ʻia ka radiation radiation kūwaho e mālama ai i ka lyodoma Hodgkin makua a hoʻohana ʻia paha ma ke ʻano he palliative therapy e hōʻoluʻolu i nā ʻōuli a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ke ola.

No kahi wahine hāpai me Hodgkin lymphoma, pono e hoʻopanee ʻia ka radiation therapy a hiki i ka wā ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, inā hiki, i pale i ka hopena o ka radiation radiation i ka pēpē hānau Inā pono ka lāʻau i kēia manawa koke, hoʻoholo paha ka wahine e hoʻomau i ka hāpai ʻana a loaʻa ka radiation radiation. Hoʻohana ʻia kahi pale alakaʻi e uhi i ka ʻōpū o ka wahine hāpai e kōkua ai i ka pale ʻana i ka pēpē i hānau ʻole ʻia mai ka radiation i ka hiki loa.

Pahuhopu kau ʻia

ʻO ka therapy target kahi ʻano lapaʻau e hoʻohana i nā lāʻau a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻē aʻe e hoʻouka aku i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. Hiki i nā mea hoʻomākaukau pahuhopu ke hōʻemi i ka hōʻeha i nā hunaola maʻamau ma mua o ka chemotherapy a i ʻole radiation radiation.

ʻO ka monoclonal antibody therapy kahi ʻano o ka lāʻau hoʻomōhala i hoʻohana ʻia i ka mālama ʻana iā Hodgkin lymphoma.

• ʻO ka Monoclonal antibody therapy kahi lapaʻau e hoʻohana ai i nā mea pale i hana ʻia i loko o ke keʻena hoʻokolohua, mai kahi ʻano hoʻokahi o ke kikowaena pale pale. Hiki i kēia mau lāʻau ʻino ke hoʻomaopopo i nā mea ma nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai a i ʻole nā ​​mea maʻamau e kōkua ai i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. Hoʻopili nā mea ʻino i nā mea a pepehi i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai, ālai i ko lākou ulu ʻana, a i ʻole mālama iā lākou mai ka hoʻolaha ʻana. Hāʻawi ʻia nā antibodies Monoclonal e ka hoʻokomo. Hoʻohana wale ʻia lākou a i ʻole lawe i nā lāʻau, toxins, a i ʻole radioactive pono i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai.

ʻO Brentuximab a me rituximab nā monoclonal antibodies i hoʻohana ʻia e mālama iā Hodgkin lymphoma.

E ʻike i nā lāʻau i ʻāpono ʻia no Hodgkin Lymphoma no ka ʻike hou aku.

Immunotherapy

ʻO ka Immunotherapy kahi lapaʻau e hoʻohana i ka ʻōnaehana pale maʻi o ka mea maʻi e hakakā i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Hoʻohana ʻia nā mea i hana ʻia e ke kino a i hana ʻia paha i kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua e hoʻonui, kuhikuhi, a hoʻihoʻi hou i nā pale kūlohelohe o ke kino i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Kāhea ʻia kēia ʻano lapaʻau maʻi ʻaʻai a biotherapy a i ʻole biologic therapy.

ʻO ke ʻano ʻo Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy kekahi ʻano o ka immunotherapy.

• Hoʻomaʻamaʻa inhibitor checkpoint Immune: PD-1 kahi protein i ka ʻili o nā pūnaewele T e kōkua ai e mālama i nā pane pale o ke kino i ka nānā. Ke hoʻopili aku ʻo PD-1 i kahi protein ʻē aʻe i kapa ʻia ʻo PDL-1 ma kahi hunaola maʻi ʻoki, paʻa ia i ke kele T mai ka luku ʻana i ka pūnaeho maʻi maʻi. Hoʻopili nā mea pale PD-1 i PDL-1 a ʻae i nā hunaola T e pepehi i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai.

ʻO Nivolumab a me pembrolizumab kekahi ʻano o nā mea pale pale pale pale i hoʻohana ʻia e mālama iā Hodgkin lymphoma i hoʻi hou (hoʻi hou).

Mea hoʻopukapuka hōʻoiaʻiʻo pale pale. ʻO nā protein checkpoint, e like me PD-L1 ma nā hunaola tumo a me PD-1 ma nā hunaola T, e kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i nā pane pale ʻole. Mālama ka paʻa ʻana o PD-L1 iā PD-1 mālama i nā hunaola T mai ka pepehi ʻana i nā hunaola tumora i loko o ke kino (panel hema). Ke kāpae nei i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o PD-L1 iā PD-1 me kahi mea pale pale pale pale pale (anti-PD-L1 a i ʻole anti-PD-1) ʻae i nā hunaola T e pepehi i nā hunaola tumera (ʻaoʻao ʻākau)

E ʻike i nā lāʻau i ʻāpono ʻia no Hodgkin Lymphoma no ka ʻike hou aku.

No nā mea maʻi hāpai me Hodgkin lymphoma, ʻo nā koho lapaʻau pū kekahi:

Ke kali kiaʻi nei

Ke kali nei ke kiaʻi me ka nānā pono ʻana i ke kūlana o ka mea maʻi me ka ʻole o ka hāʻawi ʻana i kahi lāʻau ke ʻole ke kau ʻia nā hōʻailona a hōʻailona paha. Hoʻokomo ʻia paha ka hana ke 32 a 36 mau pule paha ka pēpē i hānau ʻole ʻia i hiki i ka makuahine ke hoʻomaka i ka lāʻau.

Pākuʻi steroid

ʻO nā steroid he mau homone i hana kūlohelohe ʻia i loko o ke kino e nā adrenal a me nā mea hānau. Hana ʻia kekahi mau ʻano steroid i loko o kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua. Ua loaʻa kekahi mau lāʻau steroid e kōkua i ka chemotherapy e hana ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a kōkua i ka hoʻōki ʻana i ka ulu ʻana o nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. Ke hiki ke hānau mua ʻia, hiki i nā steroid ke kōkua i nā ake māmā o ka pēpē hānau ʻole e hoʻomohala wikiwiki aʻe ma mua o ka maʻamau. Hāʻawi kēia i nā pēpē i hānau mua ʻia i kahi manawa kūpono e ola ai.

E ʻike i nā lāʻau i ʻāpono ʻia no Hodgkin Lymphoma no ka ʻike hou aku.

Ke hoʻāʻo ʻia nei nā ʻano lapaʻau hou i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.

Hōʻike kēia ʻāpana hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo i nā mālama e hoʻopaʻa ʻia nei i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua. ʻAʻole paha ia e ʻōlelo i kēlā me kēia lapaʻau hou e hoʻopaʻa ʻia ana. Loaʻa nā ʻike e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua mai ka pūnaewele NCI.

ʻO Chemotherapy me ka transplant cell stem

Hāʻawi ʻia nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe o ka chemotherapy e pepehi i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. Hoʻopau pū ʻia nā hunaola olakino, e like me nā hunaola koko, e ka lāʻau maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻO ka transplant cell Stem kahi lapaʻau e pani i nā hunaola koko. Lawe ʻia nā hunaola ʻōpala (ʻaʻaʻa ʻole o ke koko) mai ke koko a i ʻole ka iwi o ka mea maʻi a i ʻole he mea hāʻawi a hoʻopaʻa ʻia a mālama ʻia. Ma hope o ka hoʻopau ʻana o ka mea hoʻomanawanui i ka chemotherapy a me ka radiation therapy, hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā pūnaewele i mālama ʻia a hoʻihoʻi ʻia i ka mea maʻi ma o ka infusion. E ulu kēia mau hunaola i (a hoʻihoʻi) i nā huna koko o ke kino.

Makemake paha nā mea maʻi e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana.

No kekahi mau mea maʻi, ke komo nei i ka hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ke koho lapaʻau maikaʻi loa paha. ʻO nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua kahi ʻāpana o ka noiʻi ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e ʻike inā palekana a maikaʻi a maikaʻi paha nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa maʻi ʻaʻai ma mua o ka maʻamau maʻamau.

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā hana maʻamau no ka maʻi ʻaʻai i kau ʻia ma nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua mua. ʻO nā mea maʻi i komo i ka hoʻokolokolo hoʻokolohua hiki ke loaʻa i ka lāʻau maʻamau a i ʻole i waena o nā mea mua i loaʻa kahi lāʻau hou.

ʻO nā mea maʻi i komo i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua kōkua pū kekahi i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ka wā e hiki mai ana. ʻOiai ʻaʻole nā ​​alakaʻi hoʻokolohua e alakaʻi i nā hoʻoponopono hou maikaʻi, pane pinepine lākou i nā nīnau nui a kōkua i ka neʻe i mua o ka noiʻi.

Hiki i nā mea maʻi ke komo i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ma mua, i ka wā, a ma hope paha o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i kā lākou mālama maʻi ʻaʻai.

Hoʻopili wale kekahi mau hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua i nā mea maʻi i loaʻa ʻole ka lapaʻau. ʻO nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe e hōʻoia i nā mālama ʻana no ka poʻe maʻi i loaʻa ʻole ka maikaʻi o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Aia kekahi mau hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e hoʻāʻo i nā ala hou e hōʻoki i ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai ka hoʻi hou ʻana (hoʻi ʻana) a hōʻemi paha i nā hopena o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Ke mālama ʻia nei nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ma nā wahi he nui o ka ʻāina. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka ʻike e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e kākoʻo ʻia e NCI ma ka pūnaewele ʻimi noiʻi hoʻokolohua a NCI. Hiki ke loaʻa nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua i kākoʻo ʻia e nā hui ʻē aʻe ma ka pūnaewele ClinicalTrials.gov.

Pono paha nā hoʻokolohua ukali.

ʻO kekahi o nā hoʻokolohua i hana ʻia e hōʻoia i ka maʻi ʻaʻai a i ʻole e ʻike i ke kahua o ka maʻi ʻaʻaʻa e hana hou ʻia paha. E hana hou ʻia kekahi mau hōʻike i mea e ʻike ai i ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana. Hoʻoholo ʻia nā hoʻoholo e pili ana inā e hoʻomau, hoʻololi, a kū paha i ka lāʻau ʻana ma nā hopena o kēia mau hoʻāʻo.

E hoʻomau ʻia kekahi o nā hoʻokolohua mai kēlā me kēia manawa ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka lāʻau. Hiki i nā hopena o kēia mau hoʻāʻo ke hōʻike inā ua loli kou ʻano a i ʻole inā ua hoʻi hou ke kanesa. Kapa ʻia kēia mau hoʻāʻo i kekahi manawa nā hoʻokolohua ukali a i ʻole nā ​​loiloi.

Nā koho lapaʻau no ka Early Favorite Hodgkin Lymphoma

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka lymphoma Hodgkin maikaʻi maikaʻi i ka poʻe mākua e hoʻopili pū i kēia mau mea:

• Hoʻohui chemotherapy.

• ʻO ka chemotherapy hui pū me ka radiation radiation i nā wahi o ke kino me ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

• ʻO ka radiation radiation wale nō i nā mea maʻi ʻaʻole hiki ke mālama ʻia me ka chemotherapy hui pū.

No ka ʻike e pili ana i nā hana i hōʻike ʻia ma luna, e ʻike i ka ʻaoʻao Overtion Option Overview.

E hoʻohana i kā mākou ʻimi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e ʻike i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua maʻi maʻi i kākoʻo ʻia e NCI e ʻae nei i nā mea maʻi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻimi i nā hoʻāʻo e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ka makahiki o ka mea hoʻomanawanui, a kahi e hana ʻia ai nā hoʻokolokolo. Loaʻa nā ʻike laulā e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.

Nā koho lapaʻau no ka mua maikaʻi ʻole Hodgkin Lymphoma

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka lymphoma Hodgkin maʻamau maikaʻi ʻole i ka poʻe mākua e hoʻopili pū i kēia mau mea:

• ʻO ka chemotherapy hui pū me ka radiation radiation i nā wahi o ke kino me ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

• Hoʻohui chemotherapy.

• ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o ka lāʻau hoʻomoʻa ʻia me ka monoclonal antibody (brentuximab) a i ʻole immunotherapy me ka checkpoint inhibitor immune checkpoint.

No ka ʻike e pili ana i nā hana i hōʻike ʻia ma luna, e ʻike i ka ʻaoʻao Overtion Option Overview.

E hoʻohana i kā mākou ʻimi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e ʻike i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua maʻi maʻi i kākoʻo ʻia e NCI e ʻae nei i nā mea maʻi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻimi i nā hoʻāʻo e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ka makahiki o ka mea hoʻomanawanui, a kahi e hana ʻia ai nā hoʻokolokolo. Loaʻa nā ʻike laulā e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.

Nā koho lapaʻau no Advanced Hodgkin Lymphoma

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka lymphoma Hodgkin kūlana kiʻekiʻe i nā mākua e hoʻopili pū paha i kēia mau mea:

• Hoʻohui chemotherapy.

No ka ʻike e pili ana i nā hana i hōʻike ʻia ma luna, e ʻike i ka ʻaoʻao Overtion Option Overview.

E hoʻohana i kā mākou ʻimi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e ʻike i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua maʻi maʻi i kākoʻo ʻia e NCI e ʻae nei i nā mea maʻi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻimi i nā hoʻāʻo e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ka makahiki o ka mea hoʻomanawanui, a kahi e hana ʻia ai nā hoʻokolokolo. Loaʻa nā ʻike laulā e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.

Nā koho lapaʻau no ka Hurrgkin Lymphoma maʻamau

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka lymphoma Hodgkin maʻamau hou i nā mākua e hoʻopili pū i kēia mau mea:

• Hoʻopaʻa kaulike ʻia me kahi antibody monoclonal (brentuximab).

• Hoʻohui ʻia ka chemotherapy i ukali ʻia e ka chemotherapy lāʻau kiʻekiʻe a me ka transplant cell stem. Hāʻawi ʻia ka radiation radiation inā mau ka maʻi ʻaʻai

ma hope o ka lapaʻau ʻana. Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia i ka mea hoʻomoʻa ʻia (brentuximab) ma hope o ka hoʻoiho ʻana o ka cell stem.

• ʻO Immunotherapy me kahi mea hōʻoki pale pale pale (nivolumab a i ʻole pembrolizumab).

• Hoʻohui chemotherapy.

• ʻO ka chemotherapy hui pū me ka radiation radiation i nā wahi o ke kino me ka maʻi ʻaʻai no nā mea maʻi ma mua o 60 mau makahiki.

• ʻO ka radiation radiation me ka ʻole o ka chemotherapy, no nā mea maʻi nāna i hoʻi ka maʻi ʻaʻaʻi i nā lymph node wale nō.

• ʻO Chemotherapy ma ke ʻano he palliative therapy e hōʻoluʻolu i nā hōʻailona a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ke ola.

No ka ʻike e pili ana i nā hana i hōʻike ʻia ma luna, e ʻike i ka ʻaoʻao Overtion Option Overview.

E hoʻohana i kā mākou ʻimi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e ʻike i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua maʻi maʻi i kākoʻo ʻia e NCI e ʻae nei i nā mea maʻi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻimi i nā hoʻāʻo e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ka makahiki o ka mea hoʻomanawanui, a kahi e hana ʻia ai nā hoʻokolokolo. Loaʻa nā ʻike laulā e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.

Nā koho lapaʻau no Nodular Lymphocyte – Promerinant Hodgkin Lymphoma

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka lymphocyte nodular – ʻo ka limahana limanui Hodgkin i nā mākua e hoʻopili pū i kēia mau mea penei:

• ʻO ka radiation radiation i nā wahi o ke kino me ka maʻi ʻaʻai, no ka poʻe maʻi me ka lymphocyte nodular pae mua - ka limahana limanui Hodgkin.

• ʻO Chemotherapy, no nā mea maʻi me ka lymphocyte nodular pae kiʻekiʻe - ʻo Hodgkin lymphoma keu.

• Hoʻopaʻa kaulike ʻia me kahi antibody monoclonal (rituximab).

No ka ʻike e pili ana i nā hana i hōʻike ʻia ma luna, e ʻike i ka ʻaoʻao Overtion Option Overview.

Nā koho lapaʻau no Hodgkin Lymphoma i ka wā o ka hāpai ʻana

Ma keia Pauku

• ʻO Hodgkin Lymphoma i ka manawa o ka Trimester mua o ka hāpai ʻana

• ʻO Hodgkin Lymphoma i ka manawa o ka lua a i ʻole ʻekolu kolu o ka hāpai ʻana

No ka ʻike e pili ana i nā lāʻau i helu ʻia ma lalo, e ʻike i ka ʻaoʻao Overtion Option Overview.

ʻO Hodgkin Lymphoma i ka manawa o ka Trimester mua o ka hāpai ʻana

Ke kuhi ʻia ʻo Hodgkin lymphoma i ka trimester mua o ka hāpai ʻana, ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo e aʻo ʻia ka wahine e hoʻopau i ka hāpai keiki. E pili ka mālama ʻana i kēlā me kēia wahine i ke kahua o ka lymphoma, pehea ka wikiwiki o kona ulu ʻana, a me kāna mau makemake. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ʻo Hodgkin lymphoma i ka manawa o ka trimester mua o ka hāpai ʻana e like me kēia:

• Ke kali nei ke kiaʻi ke kū ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma luna o ka diaphragm a lohi ka ulu ʻana. Hoʻokomo ʻia paha ka hana a hānau hānau ʻia ka pēpē i hiki i ka makuahine ke hoʻomaka i ka lāʻau.

• ʻO ka radiation radiation ke kū ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma luna o ka diaphragm. Hoʻohana ʻia kahi pale alakaʻi e pale aku i ka pēpē i hānau ʻole ʻia mai ka pāhawewe i ka hiki.

• Chemotherapy me ka hoʻohana ʻana i hoʻokahi a i ʻole nā ​​lāʻau.

ʻO Hodgkin Lymphoma i ka manawa o ka lua a i ʻole ʻekolu kolu o ka hāpai ʻana

Ke kuhi ʻia ʻo Hodgkin lymphoma i ka hapa lua o ka hāpai ʻana, hiki i ka hapanui o nā wahine ke hoʻopanee i ka mālama ʻana a hiki i ka hānau ʻana o ka pēpē. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ʻo Hodgkin lymphoma i ka lua a i ʻole ke kolu o ka trimester o ka hāpai ʻana e hoʻopili pū paha i kēia

• Ke kali nei me ke kiaʻi, me nā hoʻolālā e hoʻoulu i ka hana ke 32 a 36 mau pule paha ka pēpē i hānau ʻole ʻia.

• ʻO ka radiation radiation e hōʻoluʻolu ai i nā pilikia hanu i hoʻokumu ʻia e kahi tumo nui i ka umauma.

• Hoʻohui chemotherapy me ka hoʻohana ʻana i hoʻokahi a i ʻole nā ​​lāʻau.

• Pākuʻi steroid.

E aʻo hou e pili ana i ka makua Hodgkin Lymphoma

No ka ʻike hou aku mai ka National Cancer Institute e pili ana i ka lymphoma Hodgkin makua, e ʻike i ka mea aʻe:

• ʻAoʻao Home Lymphoma

• Ua ʻae ʻia nā lāʻau no Hodgkin Lymphoma

No ka ʻike ākea maʻi ʻaʻai a me nā kumuwaiwai ʻē aʻe mai ka National Cancer Institute, e ʻike i ka mea aʻe:

• E pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai

• Ke hoʻokū nei

• ʻO Chemotherapy a ʻo ʻoe: Kākoʻo no ka poʻe me ka maʻi ʻaʻai

• Radiation Therapy a ʻo ʻoe: Kākoʻo no ka poʻe me ka maʻi ʻaʻai

• Ke kāohi nei i ka maʻi ʻaʻai

• Nā nīnau e nīnau ai i kāu kauka e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai

• No nā mea ola a me nā mea mālama

E pili ana i kēia Hōʻuluʻulu Manaʻo

E pili ana iā

ʻO ka Query Data Query () ka National Cancer Institute's (NCI) pūnaewele hōkeoʻikepili maʻi maʻi. Aia i loko o ka waihona nā hōʻuluʻulu o ka ʻike hou i paʻi ʻia e pili ana i ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ka loaʻa ʻana, nā genetics, ka mālama ʻana, ka mālama kōkua ʻana, a me nā lāʻau kōkua kōkua a me nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe. Loaʻa ka hapa nui o nā hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo i nā mana ʻelua. Loaʻa i nā mana ʻoihana olakino ka ʻike kikoʻī i kākau ʻia i ka ʻōlelo loea. Kākau ʻia nā mana hoʻomanawanui i ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, maopopo ʻole. Loaʻa nā ʻike ʻelua i ka maʻi ʻaʻai pololei a pili i kēia lā a loaʻa pū ka hapanui o nā mana i ka Paniolo.

He lawelawe ʻo o ka NCI. ʻO ka NCI ʻāpana o ka National Institutes of Health (NIH). ʻO NIH ke kikowaena aupuni o ka noiʻi biomedical. Hoʻokumu ʻia nā hōʻuluʻulu ma ka loiloi kūʻokoʻa o nā puke olakino. ʻAʻole lākou he ʻōlelo kulekele o ka NCI a me ka NIH.

Ke kumu o kēia hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo

ʻO kēia hōʻuluʻulu ʻike maʻi i kēia manawa e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana i ka lymphoma Hodgkin makua. He mea ia e hoʻomaopopo a kōkua i nā mea maʻi, ʻohana, a me nā mea mālama. ʻAʻole ia e hāʻawi i nā kulekele a i ʻole nā ​​ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ka hoʻoholo ʻana e pili ana i ka mālama olakino.

Loiloi a me nā mea hou

Kākau nā Papa Hoʻoponopono i nā hōʻuluʻulu ʻike maʻi maʻi a mālama iā lākou i kēia lā. Hana ʻia kēia mau Papa i ka poʻe loea i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai a me nā mea kūikawā ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Nānā pinepine ʻia nā hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo a hoʻololi ʻia ke loaʻa kahi ʻike hou. ʻO ka lā ma kēlā me kēia hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo ("Hoʻohou") ka lā o ka loli hou loa.

ʻO ka ʻike i loko o kēia hōʻuluʻulu hoʻomanawanui i lawe ʻia mai ka mana ʻoihana olakino, i loiloi pinepine ʻia a hoʻonui hou ʻia e like me ka mea e pono ai, e ka Papa Hoʻoponopono Hoʻoponopono Mālama makua .

Ka ʻIʻike Hoʻokolohua Lapaʻau

ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua kahi noiʻi e pane i kahi nīnau ʻepekema, e like me ka ʻoi aku o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ma mua o kekahi. Hoʻokumu ʻia nā hoʻāʻo ma nā noiʻi i hala a me nā mea i aʻo ʻia i ka hale hana. Pane kēlā me kēia hoʻokolokolo i kekahi mau nīnau ʻepekema i mea e loaʻa ai nā ala hou a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e kōkua ai i nā mea maʻi maʻi ʻaʻai. I ka wā o nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua lapaʻau, hōʻiliʻili ʻia ka ʻike e pili ana i nā hopena o kahi lāʻau hou a me ka maikaʻi o ka hana. Inā hōʻike kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kahi lāʻau hou ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻia i kēia manawa, hiki i ka lāʻau hou ke lilo i "maʻamau." Makemake paha nā mea maʻi e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana. ʻO kekahi mau hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e hāmama wale i nā mea maʻi i hoʻomaka ʻole i ka lāʻau.

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ma ka pūnaewele ma ka pūnaewele NCI. No ka ʻike hou aku, e kāhea aku i ka Service ʻIkepili Kanesa (CIS), ke kikowaena pili o NCI, ma 1-800-4-CANCER (1-800-422-6237).

Ka ʻae e hoʻohana i kēia hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo

ʻO kahi inoa inoa inoa. Hiki ke hoʻohana manuahi ʻia nā ʻike o nā palapala ma ke ʻano he huaʻōlelo. ʻAʻole hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he hōʻuluʻulu ʻike maʻi maʻi NCI ke ʻole hōʻike ʻia ka hōʻuluʻulu holoʻokoʻa a hōʻano hou ʻia i kēlā me kēia manawa. Eia nō naʻe, ʻae ʻia kahi mea hoʻohana e kākau i kahi ʻōlelo e like me "NCI's cancer cancer hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo e pili ana i ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma e hōʻike ana i nā pōpilikia ma ke ala aʻe:

ʻO ke ala maikaʻi e ʻōlelo ai i kēia hōʻuluʻulu :

Hoʻohana ʻia nā kiʻi i kēia hōʻuluʻulu me ka ʻae o nā mea kākau, mea pena kiʻi, a me / a mea paʻi paha e hoʻohana ai i nā hōʻuluʻulu wale nō. Inā makemake ʻoe e hoʻohana i kiʻi mai ka hōʻuluʻulu a ʻaʻole ʻoe e hoʻohana nei i ka hōʻuluʻulu holoʻokoʻa, pono ʻoe e ʻae i ka mea ʻona. ʻAʻole hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia e ka National Cancer Institute. ʻO nā ʻike e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kiʻi i kēia hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo, me nā kiʻi ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻO Visuals Online kahi hōʻuluʻulu o nā kiʻi ʻepekema ʻoi aku ma mua o 3,000.

Hoʻolaha

ʻAʻole pono e hoʻohana i ka ʻike i loko o kēia mau hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo e hoʻoholo ai e pili ana i ka hoʻolimalima kālā. Loaʻa nā ʻike hou aku e pili ana i ka uhi ʻinikua ma Cancer.gov ma ka ʻaoʻao Managing Cancer Care.

Kāhea iā mā ˚ ou

ʻO nā ʻike hou aku e pili ana i ke kāhea ʻana iā mākou a i ʻole ke loaʻa ʻana o ke kōkua me ka pūnaewele Cancer.gov hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma kā mākou Kāhea iā mā ou no ka ʻaoʻao kōkua. Hiki i nā nīnau ke waiho ʻia iā Cancer.gov ma o ka pūnaewele ʻo E-mail iā mākou.