Nā ʻano / lung / hoʻomanawanui / non-cell-lung-treatment-pdq
Nā ʻikepili i loko
- 1 ʻO ka mana liʻiliʻi o ka maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi
- 1.1 ʻO ka ʻike laulā e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi loa
- 1.2 Nā pae o ka maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi
- 1.3 ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai maʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi hou ʻole
- 1.4 Laulā Manaʻo Option Oponopono
- 1.5 Nā koho lapaʻau e ke kahua
- 1.6 E aʻo hou e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi
ʻO ka mana liʻiliʻi o ka maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi
ʻO ka ʻike laulā e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi loa
NA MANA KUNI
- ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi kahi maʻi kahi e kū ai nā pūnaewele malignant (cancer) i nā aʻa o ka akemāmā.
- Nui a hewahewa nā ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ʻole.
- ʻO ka puhipaka ka mea nui pilikia no ka maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi.
- ʻO nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi pū kekahi me ka puʻu e hele ʻole a me ka hanu ʻole.
- Hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻāʻo e nānā i nā akemāmā e ʻike (loaʻa), diagnose, a me ke kanesa maʻi ʻaʻa liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ʻole.
- Inā kuhi ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā, hana ʻia kahi biopsy.
- Kū kekahi mau kumu i ka wānana (kahi o ke ola ʻana) a me nā koho lapaʻau.
- No ka hapanui o nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ʻole, ʻaʻole mālama nā lapaʻau o kēia manawa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.
ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi kahi maʻi kahi e kū ai nā pūnaewele malignant (cancer) i nā aʻa o ka akemāmā.
ʻO nā māmā he mau pūnaehana hanu kone-like ia i ka umauma. Lawe nā māmā i ka oxygen i loko o ke kino i kou hanu ʻana i loko. Hoʻokuʻu lākou i ke kalaponaʻokikene, kahi huahana neoneo o nā keena o ke kino, i kou hanu ʻana. He ʻāpana kā kēlā me kēia māmā i kapa ʻia nā lobes. ʻO ka māmā hema he mau lobes ʻelua. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka māmā akau a ʻekolu mau lobes. ʻO nā paipu ʻelua i kapa ʻia he bronchi kēpau mai ka trachea (windpipe) a i nā akau a me nā māmā hema. Hoʻokomo pū ʻia ka bronchi i kekahi manawa i ka maʻi ʻaʻa maʻi. ʻO nā ʻeke ea liʻiliʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo alveoli a me nā paipu liʻiliʻi i kapa ʻia he bronchioles e hana ana i loko o nā akemāmā.
ʻO kahi membrane lahilahi i kapa ʻia ʻo ka pleura e uhi ana ma waho o kēlā me kēia māmā a kau i ka paia o ka lua o ka pahu. Hana kēia i kahi ʻeke i kapa ʻia ʻo ka lua pleura. Loaʻa i loko o ka lua pleura kahi liʻiliʻi o ka wai e kōkua i nā māmā e neʻe mālie i ka umauma ke hanu ʻoe.
Aia he ʻano nui ʻelua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā: ka maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ʻole a me ka maʻi ʻaʻa liʻiliʻi o ka pūpū liʻiliʻi.
E ʻike i nā hōʻuluʻulu aʻe no ka ʻike hou aku e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻa maʻi.
- ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻa puʻu liʻiliʻi
- Nā Cancers Kūpono ʻole o ka Hoʻōla Pēpē
- Kāohi ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻa puʻu
- ʻO ka loiloi ʻana ʻo Ka maʻi ʻaʻai
Nui a hewahewa nā ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ʻole.
ʻO kēlā me kēia ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi he ʻano like ʻole o nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. Hoʻonui a hoʻolaha ʻia nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai o kēlā me kēia ʻano. Ua kapa ʻia nā ʻano o nā maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi ʻū liʻiliʻi no nā ʻano o nā hunaola i loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai a pehea e nānā ai nā hunaola ma lalo o kahi microscope:
- Ka maʻi kanesa o ke kolamu squamous: Ka maʻi ʻaʻai e hana ai i nā huna lahilahi a pālahalaha e uhi ana i ka naʻau o loko Kapa ʻia kēia mea ʻo ka epidermoid carcinoma.
- Carcinoma nui pūnaewele: Ka maʻi ʻaʻai e hoʻomaka paha i loko o nā ʻano nui o nā hunaola nui.
- Adenocarcinoma: Ka maʻi ʻaʻai e hoʻomaka i loko o nā hunaola e lālani i ka alveoli a hana i nā mea e like me ka mucus.
ʻO nā ʻano liʻiliʻi ʻē aʻe o ka maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi: pleomorphic, tumo carcinoid, carcinoma gland salivary, a me ka carcinoma unclassified.
ʻO ka puhipaka ka mea nui pilikia no ka maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi.
ʻO nā mea āpau e hoʻonui i kou manawa e loaʻa ai kahi maʻi i kapa ʻia he kumu weliweli. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi mea pilikia ʻaʻole ia he kumu e loaʻa ʻoe i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻaʻohe o nā kumu pilikia ʻaʻole ia he kumu ʻaʻole ʻoe e loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka inā manaʻo ʻoe hiki i ka makaʻu no ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā.
ʻO nā kumu pilikia no ka maʻi ʻaʻai puʻupuʻu me kēia mau mea:
- ʻO ka puhipaka, nā paipu, a nā paka paha, i kēia manawa a i hala paha. ʻO kēia ka mea nui pilikia no ka maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻO ka mua o ke ola e hoʻomaka ke kanaka i ka puhaka, ʻo ka pinepine ka puhi ʻana o ke kanaka, a ʻo ka nui o nā makahiki e puhi ana ke kanaka, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka makaʻu o ka maʻi ʻaʻai.
- Ke hōʻike ʻia nei i ka uahi lua.
- Ke hōʻike ʻia nei i ka asbestos, arsenic, chromium, beryllium, nickel, soot, a i ʻole ke kalo i ka wahi hana.
- Ke hōʻike ʻia nei i ka radiation mai kekahi o kēia mau mea:
- ʻO ka radiation radiation i ka umauma a i ʻole ka umauma.
- ʻO Radon i ka home a i ʻole kahi hana.
- Nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi e like me CT scan.
- Pāhawewe pōkā ʻĀtoma.
- Ke noho nei i laila kahi haumia ea.
- Ke loaʻa nei i kahi moʻolelo ʻohana o ka maʻi ʻaʻa maʻi.
- Ke hele a maʻi ʻia me ka maʻi pale maʻi (HIV).
- Lawe i nā hoʻopiha beta carotene a me kahi mea puhipaka kaumaha.
ʻO nā makahiki ʻelemakule ka pilikia nui o ka nui o nā maʻi ʻaʻai. Hoʻonui ka manawa o ka loaʻa ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai i kou ʻelemakule ʻana.
Ke hui pū ʻia ka puhipaka me nā kumu pilikia ʻē aʻe, hoʻonui ʻia ka makaʻu o ka maʻi ʻaʻa maʻi.
ʻO nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi pū kekahi me ka puʻu e hele ʻole a me ka hanu ʻole.
I kekahi manawa ʻaʻole kumu ka maʻi ʻaʻai a me nā ʻōuli. ʻIke ʻia i ka manawa o ka umauma x-ray i hana ʻia no kekahi ʻano ʻē aʻe. Hoʻokumu ʻia nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli e ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā a i ʻole nā ʻano ʻē aʻe. E hōʻoia me kāu kauka inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau mea:
- Hōʻoluʻolu o ka umauma a ʻeha paha.
- ʻO kahi puʻu e hele ʻole a hele a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka manawa.
- Hī pilikia.
- ʻUhihi.
- Koko i ka sputum (mucus coughed mai mai nā akemāmā).
- Hoarseness.
- Loaʻa ka ʻai ʻole.
- ʻO ka hōʻemi kaumaha no ke kumu ʻole.
- Luhi nui loa.
- Pilikia i ka ale ʻana.
- ʻO ka pehu i ka maka a me / a i ʻole nā veins i ka ʻāʻī.
Hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻāʻo e nānā i nā akemāmā e ʻike (loaʻa), diagnose, a me ke kanesa maʻi ʻaʻa liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ʻole.
ʻO nā hoʻāʻo a me nā kaʻina hana e ʻike ai, ʻike, a me nā pae maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi i hana pinepine ʻia i ka manawa like. E hoʻohana ʻia paha kekahi o kēia mau hoʻokolohua a me nā kaʻina hana:
- ʻO ka hoʻāʻo kino a me ka mōʻaukala: kahi hōʻike o ke kino e nānā i nā hōʻailona laulā o ke olakino, e like me ka nānā ʻana i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi, e like me nā puʻupuʻu a i ʻole nā mea ʻē aʻe e ʻano ʻē. ʻO kahi moʻaukala o nā ʻano olakino o ka mea maʻi, e laʻa pū me ka puhipaka, a me nā hana i hala, nā maʻi, a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau e lawe pū ʻia.
- Nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua: nā kaʻina hana lapaʻau e hoʻāʻo i nā laʻana o ke kiko, ke koko, ka mimi, a i ʻole nā mea ʻē aʻe i ke kino. Kōkua kēia mau hoʻāʻo e ʻike pono i ka maʻi, hoʻolālā a nānā i ka mālama ʻana, a i ʻole nānā i ka maʻi i ka manawa.
- ʻO ke kukui x: kahi x-ray o nā mea a me nā iwi i loko o ka umauma. ʻO ka x-ray kahi ʻano kukuna ikehu e hiki ke hele ma waena o ke kino a ma ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni, e hana ana i kiʻi o nā wahi i loko o ke kino.
- CT scan (CAT scan): Kahi hana e hana ai i ka moʻo o nā kiʻi kikoʻī o nā wahi i loko o ke kino, e like me ka pahu, i lawe ʻia mai nā ʻaoʻao ʻokoʻa. Hana ʻia nā kiʻi e kahi kamepiula i hoʻopili ʻia i kahi mīkini x-ray. Hoʻokomo ʻia paha ke kala i loko o ke aa a i ʻole ale ʻia e kōkua i nā ʻōpū a i ʻole nā kino i hōʻike hou aku me ka maopopo. Kāhea ʻia kēia kaʻina hana he tomography i helu ʻia, kamepiula tomography, a i ʻole he tomography axial computerized.
- Sputum cytology: kahi hana e ʻike ai kahi pathologist i kahi laʻana o ka sputum (ʻūpē ka uha mai nā ake māmā) ma lalo o kahi microscope, e nānā ai i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai.
- Thoracentesis: Ka lawe ʻia ʻana o ka wai mai ke ākea ma waena o ka uhi o ka umauma a me ka akemāmā, e hoʻohana ana i ka nila. ʻIke kahi pathologist i ka wai ma lalo o kahi microscope e nānā no nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai.
Inā kuhi ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā, hana ʻia kahi biopsy.
Hoʻohana maʻamau ʻia kekahi o nā ʻano biopsies:
- ʻO ka biopsy aspiration maikaʻi (FNA) o ka māmā: Ka lawe ʻia ʻana o nā aʻa a i ʻole ka wai mai ka hū e hoʻohana ana i kahi kui kuʻikuʻi. Hoʻohana ʻia kahi CT scan, ultrasound, a i ʻole ke ʻano kiʻi ʻimi ʻimi e ʻimi ai i nā aʻa a i ʻole ke kahe i loko o ka akemāmā. Hana ʻia kahi ʻoki liʻiliʻi i loko o ka ʻili kahi i hoʻokomo ʻia ai ka nila biopsy i loko o nā kiko a i ʻole ka loli. Lawe ʻia kahi laʻana me ka nila a hoʻouna ʻia i ka hale hana. A laila ʻike kahi pathologist i ka laʻana ma lalo o kahi microscope e nānā no nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. Hana ʻia kahi x-ray umauma ma hope o ke kaʻina hana i mea e ʻike ʻole ai ka lele ʻana o ka ea mai ka akemāmā i ka umauma.
ʻO kahi ultrasound endoscopic (EUS) kahi ʻano o ultrasound i hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e alakaʻi i kahi biopsy FNA o ka akemāmā, nā lymph node, a i ʻole nā wahi ʻē aʻe. ʻO EUS kahi hana e hoʻokomo ʻia ai kahi endoscope i loko o ke kino. ʻO ka endoscope kahi mea lahilahi, e like me ka Tube me kahi kukui a me nā aniani no ka nānā ʻana. Hoʻohana ʻia kahi hulina ma ka hopena o ka endoscope e hoʻāla ai i nā nalu kani ikaika (ultrasound) mai nā aʻa a i ʻole nā ʻola a hana i nā leo. Hoʻokumu nā leo i kahi kiʻi o nā kino o ke kino i kapa ʻia he sonogram.
- ʻO Bronchoscopy: kahi hana e nānā ai i loko o ka trachea a me nā ala nui i loko o ka māmā no nā wahi kūpono ʻole. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi bronchoscope ma o ka ihu a waha paha i loko o ka trachea a me nā akemāmā. ʻO ka bronchoscope kahi mea lahilahi, like me ka Tube me ke kukui a me nā aniani no ka nānā ʻana. Loaʻa paha iā ia kahi mea hana e hemo i nā mea kiko kiko, i nānā ʻia ma lalo o kahi microscope no nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻaʻai.
- Thoracoscopy: ʻO kahi kaʻina hana e nānā i nā mea o loko o ka umauma e nānā ai no nā wahi kūpono ʻole. Hana ʻia kahi ʻoki (ʻoki) ma waena o nā iwi ʻelua, a hoʻokomo ʻia kahi thoracoscope i ka umauma. ʻO kahi thoracoscope kahi mea lahilahi, e like me ka Tube me kahi kukui a me nā aniani no ka nānā ʻana. Loaʻa paha iā ia kahi mea hana e hemo ai i nā laʻana a i ʻole nā lymph node Eia kekahi laʻana, i nānā ʻia ma lalo o kahi microscope no nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. I kekahi mau hihia, hoʻohana ʻia kēia kaʻina hana e hemo i kahi ʻāpana o ka esophagus a i ʻole ka akemāmā. Inā ʻaʻole hiki ke kiʻi ʻia i kekahi mau nāʻaʻa, nā ʻokana, a i ʻole nā lymph node, hana ʻia paha kahi thoracotomy. I kēia kaʻina hana, hana ʻia kahi ʻoki nui aʻe ma waena o nā iwi ʻaoʻao a wehe ʻia ka umauma.
- Mediastinoscopy: ʻO kahi kaʻina hana e nānā i nā ʻōpala, nā aʻa, a me nā pūnana lymph ma waena o nā māmā no nā wahi kūpono ʻole. Hana ʻia kahi ʻoki (ʻoki) ma ka piko o ka umauma a hoʻokomo ʻia kahi mediastinoscope i ka umauma. ʻO ka mediastinoscope kahi mea lahilahi, e like me ka Tube me kahi kukui a me nā aniani no ka nānā ʻana. Loaʻa paha iā ia kahi mea hana e hemo ai i nā laʻana a i ʻole nā lymph node Eia kekahi laʻana, i nānā ʻia ma lalo o kahi microscope no nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi ʻaʻai.
- Anterior mediastinotomy: ʻO kahi kaʻina hana e nānā i nā mea a me nā mea ma waena o nā māmā a ma waena o ka umauma a me ka puʻuwai no nā wahi kūpono ʻole. Hana ʻia kahi ʻoki (ʻoki) ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka umauma a hoʻokomo ʻia kahi mediastinoscope i ka umauma. ʻO ka mediastinoscope kahi mea lahilahi, e like me ka Tube me kahi kukui a me nā aniani no ka nānā ʻana. Loaʻa paha iā ia kahi mea hana e hemo ai i nā laʻana a i ʻole nā lymph node Eia kekahi laʻana, i nānā ʻia ma lalo o kahi microscope no nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Ua kapa ʻia kēia ka hana ʻo Chamberlain.
- ʻO ka biopsy Lymph node: Ka lawe ʻana o nā mea āpau a ʻāpana paha o kahi kōpona lymph. ʻIke kahi pathologist i ke kiko o ka lymph node ma lalo o kahi microscope e nānā ai i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai.
Hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha o nā hoʻokolohua keʻena hoʻokolohua e hana ʻia e hoʻopaʻa i nā kiko kiko.
- ʻImi Molecular: kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e nānā ai no kekahi mau genes, nā protein, a i ʻole nā molekika ʻē aʻe i kahi laʻana o nā kiko, ke koko, a i ʻole ke kahe o ke kino. Nānā nā hoʻokolohua Molecular no kekahi mau loli a i ʻole chromosome e loli i ka maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi.
- Immunohistochemistry: ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e hoʻohana ai i nā anti-antibodies e nānā ai no kekahi antigens (markers) i kahi laʻana o kaʻiʻo o ka mea maʻi. Hoʻopili pinepine ʻia nā mea ʻino i kekahi enzyme a i ʻole ka waihoʻoluʻu fluorescent. Ma hope o ka hoʻopili ʻana o nā mea ʻume i kekahi antigen kikoʻī i ka laʻana kiko, hoʻōloli ʻia ka enzyme a i ʻole ke kala, a laila ʻike ʻia ka antigen ma lalo o kahi microscope. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻano hoʻāʻo e kōkua i ke kuhi ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai a kōkua e haʻi i kekahi ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai mai kekahi ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai.
Kū kekahi mau kumu i ka wānana (kahi o ke ola ʻana) a me nā koho lapaʻau.
ʻO ka wānana (loaʻa o ke ola) a me nā koho lapaʻau e pili i kēia:
- ʻO ke kahua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai (ka nui o ka tumo a inā ʻo ia i ka akemā wale a i ʻole ua hoʻolaha ʻia i nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ke kino).
- Ke ʻano o ke kanesa maʻi ʻaʻai.
- Inā loaʻa i nā kanesa ka hoʻololi ʻana (hoʻololi) i kekahi mau ʻāpana, e like me ka ʻenemi ulu ulu epidermal (EGFR) a i ʻole ka ʻāpana anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK).
- Inā he hōʻailona a hōʻailona paha e like me ka puʻu ʻana a i ʻole pilikia i ka hanu ʻana.
- ʻO ke olakino olakino o ka mea maʻi.
No ka hapanui o nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ʻole, ʻaʻole mālama nā lapaʻau o kēia manawa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.
Inā loaʻa ka maʻi ʻaʻai pūpū, e noʻonoʻo ana i kekahi o nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua he nui e hana ana e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka mālama ʻana. Ke hana ʻia nei nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ma nā wahi he nui o ka ʻāina no nā mea maʻi me nā pae āpau o ka maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi. Loaʻa nā ʻike e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua mau mai ka pūnaewele NCI.
Nā pae o ka maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi
NA MANA KUNI
- Ma hope o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻaʻa, hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua e ʻike inā ua pāhola nā hunaola maʻi ʻōpū i loko o nā māmā a i ʻole nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.
- ʻEkolu ala e hoʻolaha ai ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ke kino.
- E laha paha ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai kahi i hoʻomaka ai i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.
- Hoʻohana ʻia nā pae aʻe no ka maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ʻole.
- Paepae hana huna (hūnā)
- Kahua 0
- Ke kahua I
- Kahua II
- Kahua III
- Kahua IV
Ma hope o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻaʻa, hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua e ʻike inā ua pāhola nā hunaola maʻi ʻōpū i loko o nā māmā a i ʻole nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.
ʻO ke kaʻina hana e ʻike inā ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o nā akemāmā a i ʻole nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino i kapa ʻia he staging. ʻO ka ʻikepili i hōʻiliʻili ʻia mai ke kaʻina hana e hoʻoholo ai i ka pae o ka maʻi. He mea nui ia e ʻike i ke kahua i mea e hoʻolālā ai i ka lāʻau. ʻO kekahi o nā hoʻokolohua i hoʻohana ʻia e ʻike pono ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi e hoʻohana pū ʻia e hoʻokumu i ka maʻi. (E ʻike i ka ʻikepili ʻike laulā.)
Nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe a me nā kaʻina hana i hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i ke kaʻina hoʻonohonoho e komo i kēia:
- MRI (magnetic resonance imaging): Kahi hana e hoʻohana ai i ka magnet, nā nalu lekiō, a me kahi kamepiula e hana i nā kiʻi kikoʻī o nā wahi i loko o ke kino, e like me ka lolo. Kāhea ʻia kēia kaʻina hana he kiʻi nukelea kiʻi resonance (NMRI).
- CT scan (CAT scan): Kahi hana e hana ai i ka moʻo o nā kiʻi kikoʻī o nā wahi i loko o ke kino, e like me ka lolo, ʻōpū, a me nā lymph node, i lawe ʻia mai nā ʻaoʻao ʻokoʻa. Hana ʻia nā kiʻi e kahi kamepiula i hoʻopili ʻia i kahi mīkini x-ray. Hoʻokomo ʻia paha ke kala i loko o ke aa a i ʻole ale ʻia e kōkua i nā ʻōpū a i ʻole nā kino i hōʻike hou aku me ka maopopo. Kāhea ʻia kēia kaʻina hana he tomography i helu ʻia, kamepiula tomography, a i ʻole he tomography axial computerized.
- PET scan (positron emission tomography scan): kahi hana e loaʻa ai nā puʻupuʻu tumo malignant i loko o ke kino. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi liʻiliʻi o ka glucose radioactive (kō) i loko o kahi aa koko. Hoʻopili ka scanner PET a puni ke kino a hana i kahi kiʻi o kahi e hoʻohana ʻia ai ka glucose i ke kino. ʻOi aku ka mālamalama o nā hunaola tumo ma ke kiʻi no ka mea ʻoi aku ka hana a lawe i ka glucose ma mua o ka hana ʻana o nā hunaola maʻamau.
- ʻImi iwi: kahi hana e nānā ai inā aia he wikiwiki e hoʻokaʻawale i nā hunaola, e like me nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai, i ka iwi. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi mea liʻiliʻi loa o nā mea radioactive i loko o ke aa a hele i waena o ke kahe o ke koko. Hōʻiliʻili ka mea lekiō i nā iwi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai a ʻike ʻia e kahi scanner.
- Hōʻike hana pulmonary (PFT): kahi hoʻāʻo e ʻike i ke ʻano o ka hana o nā māmā. Ana ʻia ka nui o ka ea e hiki ai i nā māmā ke hoʻopaʻa a pehea ka wikiwiki e neʻe ai ka ea i loko a i waho o nā māmā. Ana ʻia hoʻi ka nui o ka oxygen e hoʻohana ʻia ai a pehea e hāʻawi ʻia ai ke kalapona kalapona i ka hanu ʻana. Kāhea ʻia kēia mea ʻo ka hoʻāʻo hana lung.
- ʻO ka ʻiʻo o ka iwi iwi a me ka biopsy: Ka hemo ʻana o ka iwi iwi, ke koko, a me kahi ʻāpana o ka iwi ma ka hoʻokomo ʻana i kahi kui kolo i loko o ka hipbone a i ʻole ka umauma. ʻIke kahi pathologist i ka momona o ka iwi, ke koko, a me ka iwi ma lalo o kahi microscope e nānā i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻaʻai.
ʻEkolu ala e hoʻolaha ai ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ke kino.
Hiki ke pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma o nā meaola, ka ʻōnaehana lymph, a me ke koko.
- Kāpena. Hoʻolahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai kahi i hoʻomaka ai i ka ulu ʻana i nā wahi kokoke.
- ʻŌnaehana Lymph. Hoʻolahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai kahi i hoʻomaka ai i ke komo ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana lymph. Hele ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma o nā kīʻaha lymph i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.
- Koko. Hoʻolahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai kahi i hoʻomaka ai i ke komo ʻana i ke koko. Hele ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma o nā kīʻaha koko i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.
E laha paha ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai kahi i hoʻomaka ai i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.
Ke pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i kekahi ʻāpana o ke kino, ua kapa ʻia ia ʻo metastasis. E haki nā hunaola maʻi 'aʻai mai kahi a lākou i hoʻomaka ai (ka tumo mua) a hele i loko o ka ʻōnaehana lymph a i ʻole ke koko.
- ʻŌnaehana Lymph. Komo ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ka ʻōnaehana lymph, hele ma waena o nā kīʻaha lymph, a hana i kahi tumo (tumo metastatic) i kekahi ʻāpana o ke kino.
- Koko. Komo ke kanesa i loko o ke koko, hele ma waena o nā kīʻaha koko, a hana i kahi tumo (tumo metastatic) i kekahi ʻāpana o ke kino.
ʻO ka tumo metastatic ka ʻano like o ke kanesa me ka tumo mua. ʻO kahi laʻana, inā pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi i ka lolo, ʻo nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai i ka lolo he mau pūnaʻi maʻi ʻaʻa mau. ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻaʻai metastatic lung, ʻaʻole ka maʻi ʻaʻai lolo.
Hoʻohana ʻia nā pae aʻe no ka maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ʻole.
Paepae hana huna (hūnā)
I ka pae hoʻokalakupua (hūnā), ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻike ʻia ke kanesa e ke kiʻi ʻana a i ʻole ka bronchoscopy. ʻIke ʻia nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai i ka holoi sputum a i ʻole ka holoi ʻana bronchial (kahi laʻana o nā hunaola i lawe ʻia mai loko o nā alaloa e alakaʻi i nā ake māmā). Ua pālahalaha paha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.
Kahua 0
I ke kahua 0, ʻike ʻia nā hunaola ʻē aʻe i ka uhi o nā alaloa. Hiki i kēia mau ʻino ʻino ke lilo i maʻi ʻaʻai a hohola ʻia i loko o nā kiko maʻamau. ʻO ke kahua 0 adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) a i ʻole squamous cell carcinoma ma kahi (SCIS).
Ke kahua I
I ke kahua I, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Māhele ʻia ka pae I i nā pae IA a me IB.
- Stage IA
ʻO ka tumo i loko o ka akemā wale a 3 kenimika a ʻoi iki paha. ʻAʻole i pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā lymph node.
- ʻOihana IB:
ʻOi aku ka nui o ka tumo ma mua o 3 kenimika akā ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o 4 centimita. ʻAʻole i pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā lymph node.
a i ʻole
ʻO ka tumo he 4 kenimika a ʻoi iki paha a hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha o kēia mau mea i loaʻa.
- Ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ka bronchus nui, akā ʻaʻole i pālahalaha aku i ka carina.
- Ua pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ka papa o loko o ka membrane e uhi ana i ka akemāmā.
- ʻO ka ʻāpana o ka akemā a i ʻole ka hāpau āpau i hāʻule a i ulu paha i ka maʻi pneumonitis.
ʻAʻole i pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā lymph node.
Kahua II
Māhele ʻia ka pae II i nā pae IIA a me IIB.
- Kahua IIA:
ʻOi aku ka nui o ka tumo ma mua o 4 kenimika akā ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o 5 centimita. ʻAʻole i pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā lymph node a loaʻa i hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha o kēia mau mea:
- Ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ka bronchus nui, akā ʻaʻole i pālahalaha aku i ka carina.
- Ua pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ka papa o loko o ka membrane e uhi ana i ka akemāmā.
- ʻO ka ʻāpana o ka akemā a i ʻole ka hāpau āpau i hāʻule a i ulu paha i ka maʻi pneumonitis.
- Kahua IIB:
ʻO ka tumo he 5 mau kenimika a ʻoi aku paha a ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā pūnana lymph ma ka ʻaoʻao like o ka pahu me ka tumo mua. ʻO nā lymph node me ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ka akemā a kokoke paha i ka bronchus. Eia kekahi, e ʻike ʻia kekahi a ʻoi paha o kēia mau mea:
- Ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ka bronchus nui, akā ʻaʻole i pālahalaha aku i ka carina.
- Ua pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ka papa o loko o ka membrane e uhi ana i ka akemāmā.
- ʻO ka ʻāpana o ka akemā a i ʻole ka hāpau āpau i hāʻule a i ulu paha i ka maʻi pneumonitis.
a i ʻole
ʻAʻole i pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā lymph node a loaʻa hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha o kēia mau mea:
- ʻOi aku ka nui o ka tumo ma mua o 5 mau kenimika akā ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o 7 kenimika.
- Aia kekahi a ʻoi aku nā tumors hoʻokaʻawale i ka nui o ka ʻūhā o ka hū me ka tumo mua.
- Ua pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i kekahi o kēia mau mea:
- ʻO ka membrane e laina ana i ka paia o ka umauma.
- Pā umauma.
- ʻO ke aʻalolo e kāohi ana i ka diaphragm.
- Pākuʻi waho o nā kiko o ka ʻeke a puni ka puʻuwai.
Kahua III
Māhele ʻia ka pae III i nā pae IIIA, IIIB, a me IIIC.
- Kahua IIIA:
ʻO ka tumo he 5 mau kenimika a ʻoi aku paha a ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā pūnana lymph ma ka ʻaoʻao like o ka pahu me ka tumo mua. ʻO nā lymph node me ka maʻi ʻaʻai e pili ana i ka trachea a i ʻole ke aorta, a i ʻole kahi e hoʻokaʻawale ai ka trachea i loko o ka bronchi. Eia kekahi, e ʻike ʻia kekahi a ʻoi paha o kēia mau mea:
- Ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ka bronchus nui, akā ʻaʻole i pālahalaha aku i ka carina.
- Ua pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ka papa o loko o ka membrane e uhi ana i ka akemāmā.
- ʻO ka ʻāpana o ka akemā a i ʻole ka hāpau āpau i hāʻule a i ulu paha i ka maʻi pneumonitis.
a i ʻole
Ua pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā pūnana lymph ma ka ʻaoʻao like o ka pahu me ka tumo mua. ʻO nā lymph node me ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ka akemā a kokoke paha i ka bronchus. Eia kekahi, ua loaʻa hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha o kēia mau mea:
- ʻOi aku ka nui o ka tumo ma mua o 5 mau kenimika akā ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o 7 kenimika.
- Aia kekahi a ʻoi aku nā tumors hoʻokaʻawale i ka nui o ka ʻūhā o ka hū me ka tumo mua.
- Ua pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i kekahi o kēia mau mea:
- ʻO ka membrane e laina ana i ka paia o ka umauma.
- Pā umauma.
- ʻO ke aʻalolo e kāohi ana i ka diaphragm.
- Pākuʻi waho o nā kiko o ka ʻeke a puni ka puʻuwai.
a i ʻole
Ua pālahalaha paha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā pūnana lymph ma ka ʻaoʻao like o ka pahu me ka tumo mua. ʻO nā lymph node me ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ka akemā a kokoke paha i ka bronchus. Eia kekahi, ua loaʻa hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha o kēia mau mea:
- ʻOi aku ka nui o ka tumo ma mua o 7 kenimika.
- Aia kekahi a ʻoi aku nā tumors hoʻokaʻawale i kahi ʻokoʻa ʻokoʻa o ka hū me ka puʻupuʻu mua.
- He nui ka tumo a ua pāhola ka maʻi ʻaʻai i kekahi o kēia mau mea:
- Trachea.
- ʻO Carina
- ʻEsopago.
- Iwi ʻiʻo a i iwi paha.
- Diaphragm.
- Puʻuwai.
- ʻO nā kīʻaha koko nui e alakaʻi i a i ʻole mai ka puʻuwai (aorta a i ʻole vena cava).
- ʻO ke aʻalolo e kaohi ana i ka larynx (pahu leo).
- Kahua IIIB:
ʻO ka tumo he 5 mau kenimika a ʻoi aku paha a ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā pūnana lymph ma luna o ka iwi iwi ma ka ʻaoʻao like o ka pahu e like me ke tumo mua a i ʻole nā lymph node ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao o ka pahu e like me ka tumo mua. Eia kekahi, e ʻike ʻia kekahi a ʻoi paha o kēia mau mea:
- Ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ka bronchus nui, akā ʻaʻole i pālahalaha aku i ka carina.
- Ua pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ka papa o loko o ka membrane e uhi ana i ka akemāmā.
- ʻO ka ʻāpana o ka akemā a i ʻole ka hāpau āpau i hāʻule a i ulu paha i ka maʻi pneumonitis.
a i ʻole
He nui paha ka tumo a ua pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā pūnana lymph ma ka ʻaoʻao like o ka umauma e like me ka tumo mua. ʻO nā lymph node me ka maʻi ʻaʻai e pili ana i ka trachea a i ʻole ke aorta, a i ʻole kahi e hoʻokaʻawale ai ka trachea i loko o ka bronchi. Eia kekahi, ua loaʻa hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha o kēia mau mea:
- Aia kekahi a ʻoi aku nā tumors hoʻokaʻawale i ka ʻūpā like a i ʻole kahi ʻū ʻokoʻa o ka akemāmā me ka tumo mua.
- Ua pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i kekahi o kēia mau mea:
- ʻO ka membrane e laina ana i ka paia o ka umauma.
- Pā umauma.
- ʻO ke aʻalolo e kāohi ana i ka diaphragm.
- Pākuʻi waho o nā kiko o ka ʻeke a puni ka puʻuwai.
- Trachea.
- ʻO Carina
- ʻEsopago.
- Iwi ʻiʻo a i iwi paha.
- Diaphragm.
- Puʻuwai.
- ʻO nā kīʻaha koko nui e alakaʻi i a i ʻole mai ka puʻuwai (aorta a i ʻole vena cava).
- ʻO ke aʻalolo e kaohi ana i ka larynx (pahu leo).
- Kahua IIIC:
ʻO ka tumo paha he nui a ua pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā pūnana lymph ma luna aʻe o ka iwi iwi ma ka ʻaoʻao like o ka pahu e like me ka tumo mua a i ʻole nā lymph node ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao o ka pahu e like me ka tumo mua. Eia kekahi, ua loaʻa hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha o kēia mau mea:
- Aia kekahi a ʻoi aku nā tumors hoʻokaʻawale i ka ʻūpā like a i ʻole kahi ʻū ʻokoʻa o ka akemāmā me ka tumo mua.
- Ua pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i kekahi o kēia mau mea:
- ʻO ka membrane e laina ana i ka paia o ka umauma.
- Pā umauma.
- ʻO ke aʻalolo e kāohi ana i ka diaphragm.
- Pākuʻi waho o nā kiko o ka ʻeke a puni ka puʻuwai.
- Trachea.
- ʻO Carina
- ʻEsopago.
- Iwi ʻiʻo a i iwi paha.
- Diaphragm.
- Puʻuwai.
- ʻO nā kīʻaha koko nui e alakaʻi i a i ʻole mai ka puʻuwai (aorta a i ʻole vena cava).
- ʻO ke aʻalolo e kaohi ana i ka larynx (pahu leo).
Kahua IV
Māhele ʻia ka pae IV i nā pae IVA a me IVB.
- Kahua IVA:
He nui paha ka tumo a ua pāhola paha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā lymph node. Loaʻa hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha o kēia mau mea:
- Aia kekahi aʻoi aku paha o nā tumors i loaʻa ʻole i ka tumo mua.
- ʻIke ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ka pale e pili ana i nā akemāmā a i ʻole ka ʻeke a puni ka puʻuwai.
- ʻIke ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ka wai a puni ka akemāmā a i ʻole ka puʻuwai.
- Ua pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i kekahi wahi i kahi hui kokoke i ka akemāmā, e like me ka lolo, ka ate, ka adrenal gland, ka hakuʻala, ka iwi, a i ʻole ka lymph node ʻaʻole kokoke i ka akemāmā.
- Kahua IVB:
Ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā wahi he nui i hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha o nā mea i kokoke ʻole i ka akemāmā.
ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai maʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi hou ʻole
ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi hou ʻole he kanesa i hoʻi hou (hoʻi mai) ma hope o ka mālama ʻia ʻana. E hoʻi paha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ka lolo, ka māmā, a i ʻole nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.
Laulā Manaʻo Option Oponopono
NA MANA KUNI
- Aia nā ʻano lapaʻau like ʻole no nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ʻole.
- Hoʻohana ʻia he ʻumi mau ʻano o ka mālama maʻamau.
- ʻOki kino
- Lapaʻau hoʻomākala
- ʻO Chemotherapy
- Pahuhopu kau ʻia
- Immunotherapy
- Hoʻomaʻo laser
- Photodynamic therapy (PDT)
- ʻO Cryosurgery
- Uila uila
- Ke kali kiaʻi nei
- Ke hoʻāʻo ʻia nei nā ʻano lapaʻau hou i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.
- ʻO Chemoprevention
- Nā Radiosensitizers
- Hoʻohui hou
- ʻO ka mālama ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi i kumu o nā hopena.
- Makemake paha nā mea maʻi e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana.
- Hiki i nā mea maʻi ke komo i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ma mua, i ka wā, a ma hope paha o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i kā lākou mālama maʻi ʻaʻai.
- Pono paha nā hoʻokolohua ukali.
Aia nā ʻano lapaʻau like ʻole no nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ʻole.
Loaʻa nā ʻano lapaʻau like ʻole no nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi. Kūlana maʻamau kekahi mau hōʻailona (ʻo ka lāʻau i hoʻohana ʻia i kēia manawa), a ʻo kekahi e hoʻāʻo ʻia nei i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua. ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua lapaʻau kahi noiʻi noiʻi i manaʻo ʻia e kōkua i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā mālama ʻana i kēia manawa a i ʻole loaʻa ka ʻike e pili ana i nā mālama hou no nā maʻi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Ke hōʻike nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kahi lapaʻau hou ma mua o ka maʻamau maʻamau, lilo paha ka lāʻau hou i ka lapaʻau maʻamau. Makemake paha nā mea maʻi e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana. ʻO kekahi mau hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e hāmama wale i nā mea maʻi i hoʻomaka ʻole i ka lāʻau.
Hoʻohana ʻia he ʻumi mau ʻano o ka mālama maʻamau.
ʻOki kino
Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano ʻehā o ka ʻoki ʻana e mālama i ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā:
- ʻO ke kuʻi hou ʻana: ʻO ke keʻoki e wehe i kahi tumo a me kekahi o nā mea maʻamau a puni ia. Ke lawe ʻia i kahi nui o nā kiko, lawe ʻia ia he mahele ʻāpana.
- Lobectomy: ʻoki kino e wehe i kahi lobe holoʻokoʻa (ʻāpana) o ka akemāmā.
- Pneumonectomy: Keʻoki e wehe i hoʻokahi māmā āpau.
- ʻO ke kuʻi lima lima: ʻoki e wehe i kahi ʻāpana o ka bronchus.
Ma hope o ka hemo ʻana o ke kauka i nā maʻi ʻaʻai āpau i hiki ke ʻike ʻia i ka manawa o ke ʻoki ʻana, hiki i kekahi mau mea maʻi ke hāʻawi ʻia i ka chemotherapy a i ʻole ka radiation therapy ma hope o ke kaha ʻana e luku i nā hunaola maʻi ʻea i koe. ʻO ka lāʻau i hāʻawi ʻia ma hope o ke kaha ʻana, e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka makaʻu e hoʻi mai ka maʻi ʻaʻai, i kapa ʻia ʻo adjuvant therapy.
Lapaʻau hoʻomākala
ʻO ka radiation radiation kahi lāʻau maʻi maʻi maʻi e hoʻohana i nā kukuna x nui ikaika a i ʻole nā ʻano radiation e hoʻomake i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai a mālama ʻole paha i ka ulu ʻana. ʻElua ʻano o radiation radiation:
- Hoʻohana ka radiation radiation kūwaho i kahi mīkini ma waho o ke kino e hoʻouna i ka radiation i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.
- Hoʻohana ka radiation radiation i loko i kahi lāʻau radioactive i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā nila, nā hua, nā uea, a i ʻole nā catheters i kau pololei ʻia i loko a kokoke paha i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.
ʻO ke kālaikohā kino kino Stereotactic kahi ʻano o ka radiation radiation waho. Hoʻohana ʻia nā pono kūikawā e hoʻonoho i ka mea maʻi ma ke kūlana like no kēlā me kēia hoʻomaʻamaʻa radiation. Hoʻokahi manawa i ka lā no kekahi mau lā, kuhi ka mīkini radiation i kahi ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ka maʻamau maʻamau o ka radiation ma ka tumo. Ma ka loaʻa ʻana o ka mea maʻi ma ke kūlana like no kēlā me kēia lapaʻau, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka hōʻino ʻana i nā mea olakino kokoke. Kapa ʻia kēia kaʻina hana ʻo stereotactic waho-kukuna radiation radiation a me stereotaxic radiation therapy.
ʻO ka radiosurgery Stereotactic kahi ʻano o ka radiation radiation kūwaho i hoʻohana ʻia e mālama ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻa maʻi i pāhola aʻe i ka lolo. Hoʻopili ʻia kahi poʻo poʻo paʻa i ka iwi poʻo e paʻa ai ke poʻo i ka wā o ka lāʻau radiation. Hoʻopaʻa ka mīkini i hoʻokahi mahele nui o ka radiation i pololei i ka tumelo i ka lolo. ʻAʻole pili kēia kaʻina hana i ke kahakaha. Kapa ʻia ia he radiosurgery stereotaxic, radiosurgery, a me ke kahakaha radiation.
No nā tumors i nā alaloa, hāʻawi pololei ʻia ka pāhawewe i ka tumo ma o ka endoscope.
Hāʻawi ʻia ke ala o ka radiation radiation i ke ʻano a me ke kahua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai e mālama ʻia. Aia nō ia i ka mea i loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Hoʻohana ʻia ka radiation radiation kūwaho a me loko e mālama i ka maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ʻole.
ʻO Chemotherapy
ʻO Chemotherapy kahi lāʻau lapaʻau maʻi maʻi e hoʻohana i nā lāʻau e hōʻoki i ka ulu ʻana o nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai, ma ka luku ʻana i nā hunaola a i ʻole ke kāpae ʻana iā lākou mai ka hoʻokaʻawale. Ke lawe ʻia ka chemotherapy e ka waha a i ʻole injected i loko o kahi aa koko a i ʻole nā mākala, komo nā lāʻau i ke kahe o ke koko a hiki ke kiʻi i nā hunaola maʻi ʻōpio i loko o ke kino (chemotherapy ʻōnaehana). Ke waiho pololei ʻia ka chemotherapy i loko o ka wai cerebrospinal, kahi hui, a i ʻole ke kino o ke kino e like me ka ʻōpū, ʻo nā lāʻau lapaʻau ka mea nui e hoʻopili i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai i kēlā mau wahi (chemotherapy āpau).
Hāʻawi ʻia ke ala o ka chemotherapy i ka ʻano a me ke kahua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai e mālama ʻia.
E ʻike i nā lāʻau i ʻāpono ʻia no ka maʻi puʻuwai puʻuwai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi no ka ʻike hou aku.
Pahuhopu kau ʻia
ʻO ka therapy target kahi ʻano lapaʻau e hoʻohana i nā lāʻau a i ʻole nā mea ʻē aʻe e hoʻouka i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. Hoʻolālā pinepine nā mea i hoʻomākaukau ʻia i ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā hunaola maʻamau ma mua o ka chemotherapy a i ʻole radiation radiation. ʻO nā monoclonal antibodies a me nā tyrosine kinase nā mea pāpā ʻo ia nā ʻano nui ʻelua o ke ʻano lāʻau hoʻomōhala e hoʻohana ʻia e mālama ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi hou ʻole.
Nā monemona monoclonal
ʻO ka Monoclonal antibody therapy kahi lapaʻau maʻi maʻi e hoʻohana i nā mea pale i hana ʻia i loko o ke keʻena hoʻokolohua mai kahi ʻano hoʻokahi o ke kikowaena pale pale. Hiki i kēia mau lāʻau ʻino ke hoʻomaopopo i nā mea ma nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai a i ʻole nā mea maʻamau i loko o ke koko a i ʻole nā ʻaʻa e kōkua i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. Hoʻopili nā mea ʻino i nā mea a pepehi i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai, ālai i ko lākou ulu ʻana, a i ʻole mālama iā lākou mai ka hoʻolaha ʻana. Hāʻawi ʻia nā antibodies Monoclonal e ka hoʻokomo. Hoʻohana wale ʻia lākou a i ʻole lawe i nā lāʻau, toxins, a i ʻole radioactive pono i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai.
Aia kekahi mau ʻano o ka monoclonal antibody therapy:
- ʻO ke kumu o ka ulu ʻana o ka endothelial vascular (VEGF) therapy inhibitor: hana nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻa i mea i kapa ʻia ʻo VEGF, kahi e hoʻokumu ai i nā kīʻaha koko hou (angiogenesis) a kōkua i ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Pale nā mea pale VEGF iā VEGF a kū i nā kīʻaha koko hou mai ka hana ʻana. Pepehi paha kēia i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai no ka mea pono lākou i nā kīʻaha koko hou e ulu. ʻO Bevacizumab a me ramucirumab nā mea kūpale VEGF a me nā mea angiogenesis.
- Epidermal grow factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor therapy: ʻo EGFR nā protein i loaʻa ma ka ʻili o kekahi mau hunaola, e like me nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. Hoʻopili ka mea ulu Epidermal i ka EGFR ma ka ʻili o ke kele a ke kumu e ulu a hoʻokaʻawale nā hunaola. Pale nā mea pale EGFR i ka receptor a hoʻōki i ka mea ulu epidermal mai ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka cell cancer. Hoʻopau kēia i ka cell cancer mai ka ulu ʻana a me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana. ʻO Cetuximab a me necitumumab nā mea pale EGFR.
Nā mea kāohi iā Tyrosine kinase
ʻO nā mea kāohi ʻo Tyrosine kinase nā lāʻau liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi e hele ma waena o ka membrane pūnaewele a hana i loko o nā hunaola maʻi ʻaukā e ālai i nā hōʻailona e pono e ulu a hoʻokaʻawale nā hunaola maʻi ʻino. ʻO kekahi o nā mea kāohi tyrosine kinase kekahi i nā hopena inhibitor angiogenesis.
Aia kekahi mau ʻano like ʻole o nā mea kāohi lāʻau tyrosine kinase:
- Epidermal grow factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors: ʻo nā EGFR nā protein i loaʻa ma ka ʻili a i loko o kekahi mau hunaola, e like me nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. Hoʻopili ka mea ulu Epidermal i ka EGFR i loko o ke kolamu a hoʻouna i nā hōʻailona i ka wahi tyrosine kinase o ka huna, e haʻi i ka ulu o ka cell a māhele. Hoʻoki ka EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors i kēia mau hōʻailona a hoʻōki i ka cell cancer mai ka ulu ʻana a me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana. ʻO Erlotinib, gefitinib, afatinib, a me osimertinib kekahi mau ʻano o nā mea kāohi ʻo EGFR tyrosine kinase. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana o kekahi o kēia mau lāʻau ke loaʻa kekahi hoʻololi (hoʻololi) i ka ʻāpana EGFR.
- Hoʻopili nā kinase i nā hunaola me kekahi mau hoʻololi o nā ʻāpana: kekahi mau loli i nā genes ALK, ROS1, BRAF, a MEK, a me nā fusions gen NTRK, e hana i nā protein he nui loa. Hiki i ka pale ʻana i kēia mau protein ke hoʻopau i ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai ka ulu a pālahalaha ʻana. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Crizotinib e hoʻōki i nā protein mai ka hana ʻia e nā aʻa ALK a me ROS1. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Ceritinib, alectinib, brigatinib, a me lorlatinib e hoʻopau i nā protein mai ka hana ʻia ʻana e ka hanauna ALK. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Dabrafenib e hōʻoki i nā protein i hana ʻia e ka ʻāpana BRAF. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Trametinib e hōʻoki i nā protein i hana ʻia e ka ʻāpana MEK. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Larotrectinib e hōʻoki i nā protein i hana ʻia e kahi fusion gen NTRK.
E ʻike i nā lāʻau i ʻāpono ʻia no ka maʻi puʻuwai puʻuwai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi no ka ʻike hou aku.
Immunotherapy
ʻO ka Immunotherapy kahi lapaʻau e hoʻohana i ka ʻōnaehana pale maʻi o ka mea maʻi e hakakā i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Hoʻohana ʻia nā mea i hana ʻia e ke kino a i hana ʻia paha i kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua e hoʻonui, kuhikuhi, a hoʻihoʻi hou i nā pale kūlohelohe o ke kino i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Kāhea ʻia kēia ʻano lapaʻau maʻi ʻaʻai a biotherapy a i ʻole biologic therapy.
ʻO ke ʻano ʻo Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy kekahi ʻano o ka immunotherapy.
- Hoʻomaʻamaʻa inhibitor checkpoint Immune: PD-1 kahi protein i ka ʻili o nā pūnaewele T e kōkua ai e mālama i nā pane pale o ke kino i ka nānā. Ke hoʻopili aku ʻo PD-1 i kahi protein ʻē aʻe i kapa ʻia ʻo PDL-1 ma kahi hunaola maʻi ʻoki, paʻa ia i ke kele T mai ka luku ʻana i ka pūnaeho maʻi maʻi. Hoʻopili nā mea pale PD-1 i PDL-1 a ʻae i nā hunaola T e pepehi i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻO Nivolumab, pembrolizumab, atezolizumab, a me durvalumab he mau ʻano like o nā mea pale pale pale pale pale pale.
E ʻike i nā lāʻau i ʻāpono ʻia no ka maʻi puʻuwai puʻuwai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi no ka ʻike hou aku.
Hoʻomaʻo laser
ʻO ka Laser therapy kahi lāʻau lapaʻau maʻi maʻi e hoʻohana i kahi kukuna kukuna (kahi kukuna o ke kukui ikaika) e pepehi i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai.
Photodynamic therapy (PDT)
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) kahi maʻi ʻaʻai e hoʻohana ai i kahi lāʻau a me kekahi ʻano o ke kukui laser e pepehi i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻO kahi lāʻau e hana ʻole a hiki i ka wā e hōʻike ʻia i ka mālamu e hoʻopili ʻia i loko o kahi aa koko. Hōʻiliʻili ka lāʻau i nā mea maʻi ʻaʻai ma mua o nā hunaola maʻamau. Hoʻohana ʻia nā paipu Fiberoptic e halihali i ke kukui laser i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai, kahi e hana ai ka lāʻau a make i nā hunaola. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ka lāʻau Photodynamic i ka hōʻemi iki ʻana i nā mea olakino Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia e mālama i nā tumors ma lalo a i ʻole ma lalo o ka ʻili a i ʻole ka uhi ʻana o nā mea kūloko. Ke loaʻa ka tumo i nā alaloa, hāʻawi pololei ʻia ʻo PDT i ka tumo ma o kahi endoscope.
ʻO Cryosurgery
He lāʻau lapaʻau ʻo Cryosurgery e hoʻohana ai i kahi mea kani e hoʻopaʻa ai a luku hoʻi i nā mea pono ʻole, e like me ka carcinoma ma kahi. Kapa ʻia kēia ʻano lapaʻau ʻo cryotherapy. No nā tumors i nā alaloa, hana ʻia ka cryosurgery ma o ka endoscope.
Uila uila
ʻO ka Electrocautery kahi lapaʻau e hoʻohana ai i kahi ʻimi a i ʻole ka nila i wela ʻia e ka uila i mea e luku ai i nā mea pono ʻole. No nā tumors i nā alaloa, hana ʻia ka uila ma o ka endoscope.
Ke kali kiaʻi nei
Ke kali nei ke kiaʻi me ka nānā pono ʻana i ke ʻano o ka mea maʻi me ka ʻole o ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā lāʻau a hiki i ka wā e ʻike ʻia ai nā hōʻailona a i ʻole nā loli. Hana ʻia kēia i kekahi mau hanana kakaikahi o ka maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ʻole.
Ke hoʻāʻo ʻia nei nā ʻano lapaʻau hou i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.
Hōʻike kēia ʻāpana hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo i nā mālama e hoʻopaʻa ʻia nei i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua. ʻAʻole paha ia e ʻōlelo i kēlā me kēia lapaʻau hou e hoʻopaʻa ʻia ana. Loaʻa nā ʻike e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua mai ka pūnaewele NCI.
ʻO Chemoprevention
ʻO ka Chemoprevention ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau, nā wikamina, a i ʻole nā mea ʻē aʻe e hōʻemi ai i ka makaʻu o ka maʻi ʻaʻai a i ʻole e hōʻemi ai i ka hopena o ke kanesa (hoʻi hou). No ka maʻi ʻaʻā māmā, hoʻohana ʻia ka chemoprevention e hoʻemi i ka manawa kūpono e kupu ai kahi tumo hou i ka akemāmā.
Nā Radiosensitizers
ʻO nā radiosensitizers kahi mea e maʻalahi ai i nā hunaola tumora e pepehi me ka radiation radiation. Ke aʻo ʻia nei ka hui pū ʻana o ka chemotherapy a me ka radiation therapy me kahi radiosensitizer i ka mālama ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ʻole.
Hoʻohui hou
Ke aʻo ʻia nei nā hui hou ʻana o nā mālama ʻana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.
ʻO ka mālama ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi i kumu o nā hopena.
No ka ʻike e pili ana i nā hopena i hopena ʻia e ka lapaʻau ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai, e ʻike i kā mākou ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao.
Makemake paha nā mea maʻi e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana.
No kekahi mau mea maʻi, ke komo nei i ka hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ke koho lapaʻau maikaʻi loa paha. ʻO nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua kahi ʻāpana o ka noiʻi ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e ʻike inā palekana a maikaʻi a maikaʻi paha nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa maʻi ʻaʻai ma mua o ka maʻamau maʻamau.
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā hana maʻamau no ka maʻi ʻaʻai i kau ʻia ma nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua mua. ʻO nā mea maʻi i komo i ka hoʻokolokolo hoʻokolohua hiki ke loaʻa i ka lāʻau maʻamau a i ʻole i waena o nā mea mua i loaʻa kahi lāʻau hou.
ʻO nā mea maʻi i komo i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua kōkua pū kekahi i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ka wā e hiki mai ana. ʻOiai ʻaʻole nā alakaʻi hoʻokolohua e alakaʻi i nā hoʻoponopono hou maikaʻi, pane pinepine lākou i nā nīnau nui a kōkua i ka neʻe i mua o ka noiʻi.
Hiki i nā mea maʻi ke komo i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ma mua, i ka wā, a ma hope paha o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i kā lākou mālama maʻi ʻaʻai.
Hoʻopili wale kekahi mau hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua i nā mea maʻi i loaʻa ʻole ka lapaʻau. ʻO nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe e hōʻoia i nā mālama ʻana no ka poʻe maʻi i loaʻa ʻole ka maikaʻi o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Aia kekahi mau hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e hoʻāʻo i nā ala hou e hōʻoki i ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai ka hoʻi hou ʻana (hoʻi ʻana) a hōʻemi paha i nā hopena o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.
Ke mālama ʻia nei nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ma nā wahi he nui o ka ʻāina. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka ʻike e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e kākoʻo ʻia e NCI ma ka pūnaewele ʻimi noiʻi hoʻokolohua a NCI. Hiki ke loaʻa nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua i kākoʻo ʻia e nā hui ʻē aʻe ma ka pūnaewele ClinicalTrials.gov.
Pono paha nā hoʻokolohua ukali.
ʻO kekahi o nā hoʻokolohua i hana ʻia e hōʻoia i ka maʻi ʻaʻai a i ʻole e ʻike i ke kahua o ka maʻi ʻaʻaʻa e hana hou ʻia paha. E hana hou ʻia kekahi mau hōʻike i mea e ʻike ai i ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana. Hoʻoholo ʻia nā hoʻoholo e pili ana inā e hoʻomau, hoʻololi, a kū paha i ka lāʻau ʻana ma nā hopena o kēia mau hoʻāʻo.
E hoʻomau ʻia kekahi o nā hoʻokolohua mai kēlā me kēia manawa ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka lāʻau. Hiki i nā hopena o kēia mau hoʻāʻo ke hōʻike inā ua loli kou ʻano a i ʻole inā ua hoʻi hou ke kanesa. Kapa ʻia kēia mau hoʻāʻo i kekahi manawa nā hoʻokolohua ukali a i ʻole nā loiloi.
Nā koho lapaʻau e ke kahua
Ma keia Pauku
- Hoʻopilikia i ka maʻi ʻōpū liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi
- Kahua 0
- ʻO ke kahua maʻi maʻi ʻula ʻili liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi
- ʻO ke kanesa maʻi maʻi ʻula liʻiliʻi ʻāpana ʻelua
- ʻOihana IIIA Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
- Ke kahua IIIB a me ke kahua IIIC Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
- ʻO ke kahua i ʻike hou ʻia IV, Hoʻihoʻi Hou ʻia, a me ka maʻi ʻaʻa maʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi hou ʻole
- ʻO ke kūlana holomua IV, hoʻi hou, a me ka maʻi ʻaʻa maʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi hou ʻole
No ka ʻike e pili ana i nā lāʻau i helu ʻia ma lalo, e ʻike i ka ʻaoʻao Overtion Option Overview.
Hoʻopilikia i ka maʻi ʻōpū liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi
ʻO ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi ʻaʻai huna huna ʻū liʻiliʻi i ka pae o ka maʻi. ʻIke pinepine ʻia nā ʻōpuʻu hūnā i kahi wā mua (ʻo ka tumo i ka māmā wale nō) a i kekahi manawa hiki ke hoʻōla ʻia e ke ʻoki.
E hoʻohana i kā mākou ʻimi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e ʻike i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua maʻi maʻi i kākoʻo ʻia e NCI e ʻae nei i nā mea maʻi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻimi i nā hoʻāʻo e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ka makahiki o ka mea hoʻomanawanui, a kahi e hana ʻia ai nā hoʻokolokolo. Loaʻa nā ʻike laulā e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.
Kahua 0
ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka pae 0 i kēia mau mea:
- ʻOki kino (wedge resection or segmental resection).
- Photodynamic therapy, electrocautery, cryosurgery, a me ka ʻoki ʻana laser no nā tumors i loko a kokoke paha i ka bronchus.
E hoʻohana i kā mākou ʻimi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e ʻike i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua maʻi maʻi i kākoʻo ʻia e NCI e ʻae nei i nā mea maʻi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻimi i nā hoʻāʻo e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ka makahiki o ka mea hoʻomanawanui, a kahi e hana ʻia ai nā hoʻokolokolo. Loaʻa nā ʻike laulā e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.
ʻO ke kahua maʻi maʻi ʻula ʻili liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi
ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ke kanesa IA ʻaʻa liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a me ka maʻi maʻi maʻi ʻaʻa liʻiliʻi ʻo IB i loko o kēia mau mea:
- ʻOki kino (resection wedge, segmental resection, sleeve resection, or lobectomy).
- ʻO ka radiation radiation kūwaho, e pili ana i ka stereotactic body radiation therapy no nā mea maʻi i hiki ʻole ke ʻoki ʻia a koho ʻole e loaʻa i kahi ʻoki.
- ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o ka chemotherapy a i ʻole radiation radiation ma hope o ke kaha ʻana.
- ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i hāʻawi ʻia ma o ka endoscope, e like me photodynamic therapy (PDT).
- ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o ke kahakaha ukali ʻia e chemoprevention.
E hoʻohana i kā mākou ʻimi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e ʻike i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua maʻi maʻi i kākoʻo ʻia e NCI e ʻae nei i nā mea maʻi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻimi i nā hoʻāʻo e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ka makahiki o ka mea hoʻomanawanui, a kahi e hana ʻia ai nā hoʻokolokolo. Loaʻa nā ʻike laulā e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.
ʻO ke kanesa maʻi maʻi ʻula liʻiliʻi ʻāpana ʻelua
ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ke kanesa IIA non-liʻiliʻi cell cancer cancer a me ka pae IIB non-liʻiliʻi cell cancer cancer e komo pū paha me kēia:
- ʻOki kino (resection wedge, segmental resection, sleeve resection, lobectomy, or pneumonectomy).
- Chemotherapy ukali ʻia me ke ʻoki kino.
- ʻO ke ʻoki lāʻau i ukali ʻia e chemotherapy.
- ʻO ka radiation radiation kūwaho no nā mea maʻi i hiki ʻole ke ʻoki.
- ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o ka radiation radiation ma hope o ke kaha ʻana.
E hoʻohana i kā mākou ʻimi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e ʻike i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua maʻi maʻi i kākoʻo ʻia e NCI e ʻae nei i nā mea maʻi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻimi i nā hoʻāʻo e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ka makahiki o ka mea hoʻomanawanui, a kahi e hana ʻia ai nā hoʻokolokolo. Loaʻa nā ʻike laulā e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.
ʻOihana IIIA Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ke kanesa maʻi liʻiliʻi non-liʻiliʻi pūnaewele hiki ke hemo me ke ʻoki ʻana i loko o kēia mau mea:
- ʻO ke ʻoki lāʻau i ukali ʻia e chemotherapy.
- ʻO ke ʻoki lāʻau i ukali ʻia e radiation radiation.
- Chemotherapy ukali ʻia me ke ʻoki kino.
- ʻO ke ʻoki lāʻau i ukali ʻia e chemotherapy hui pū ʻia me radiation radiation.
- ʻO Chemotherapy a me radiation therapy a ukali ʻia e ke kahakaha.
- ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o nā hui hou o nā mālama.
ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ke kanesa IIA non-liʻiliʻi o ka maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi i hiki ʻole ke hemo ʻia me ke kahakaha ke komo pū me kēia:
- Hāʻawi ʻia ʻo Chemotherapy a me radiation therapy ma ka manawa like o ka manawa a i ukali ʻia paha e kekahi.
- ʻO ka radiation radiation kūwaho wale no nā mea maʻi i hiki ʻole ke mālama ʻia me ka hoʻohuihui hoʻohui ʻia, a i ʻole me ke ʻano he palliative lapaʻau e hōʻoluʻolu i nā hōʻailona a hoʻomaikaʻi i ke ʻano o ke ola.
- ʻO ka radiation radiation a i ʻole ke ʻoki ʻana i ka laser, e like me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa palliative e hōʻoluʻolu i nā hōʻailona a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ke ola.
- ʻO Chemotherapy a me radiation therapy e ukali ʻia e ka immunotherapy me kahi mea hōʻoki pale pale pale, e like me durvalumab.
- ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o nā hui hou o nā mālama.
No ka ʻike hou aku e pili ana i ke kākoʻo kākoʻo no nā hōʻailona a me nā hōʻailona e like me ka hanu, ka pōkole o ka hanu, a me ka ʻeha o ka umauma, e ʻike i ka hōʻuluʻulu ma Cardiopulmonary Syndromes.
ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o ka sulcus kiʻekiʻe, i kapa pinepine ʻia ʻo Tumoast tumoast, hoʻomaka ma ka ʻaoʻao kiʻekiʻe o ka akemāmā a pālahalaha aku i nā mea kokoke e like me ka paia o ka umauma, nā kīʻaha koko nui, a me nā kuamoʻo. Hiki i ka mālama ʻana i nā tumo Pancoast ke hoʻopili i kēia mau mea:
- ʻO ka radiation radiation wale nō.
- ʻOki kino.
- ʻO Chemotherapy a me radiation therapy a ukali ʻia e ke kahakaha.
- ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o nā hui hou o nā mālama.
Kekahi pae IIIA non-Small cell lung tumors i ulu i loko o ka paia o ka umauma e hemo loa. Hiki i ka mālama ʻana i nā tumors paia umauma ke hoʻopili i kēia mau mea:
- ʻOki kino.
- ʻOki kino a me ka radiation therapy.
- ʻO ka radiation radiation wale nō.
- Hoʻohui ʻia ʻo Chemotherapy me ka radiation radiation a me / a i ʻole ke ʻoki kino.
- ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o nā hui hou o nā mālama.
E hoʻohana i kā mākou ʻimi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e ʻike i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua maʻi maʻi i kākoʻo ʻia e NCI e ʻae nei i nā mea maʻi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻimi i nā hoʻāʻo e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ka makahiki o ka mea hoʻomanawanui, a kahi e hana ʻia ai nā hoʻokolokolo. Loaʻa nā ʻike laulā e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.
Ke kahua IIIB a me ke kahua IIIC Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ke kanesa IIIB non-liʻiliʻi cell cancer cancer a me ka pae IIIC non-liʻiliʻi cell cancer cancer e komo pū paha me kēia:
- Chemotherapy ukali ʻia e ka radiation radiation kūwaho.
- Hāʻawi ʻia ʻo Chemotherapy a me radiation therapy ma ke ʻano he hoʻokaʻawale ʻokoʻa ma luna o ka manawa like o ka manawa.
- Hāʻawi ʻia ʻo Chemotherapy a me radiation therapy ma ke ʻano he mau lapaʻau ʻokoʻa ma luna o ka manawa like o ka manawa, me ka mahele lāʻau o radiation radiation e hoʻonui nei me ka manawa.
- Hāʻawi ʻia ʻo Chemotherapy a me radiation therapy ma ke ʻano he hoʻokaʻawale ʻokoʻa ma luna o ka manawa like o ka manawa. Hāʻawi ʻia ʻo Chemotherapy ma mua a ma hope paha o kēia mau ʻano lāʻau.
- ʻO Chemotherapy a me radiation therapy e ukali ʻia e ka immunotherapy me kahi mea hōʻoki pale pale pale, e like me durvalumab.
- ʻO ka radiation radiation kūwaho wale nō no nā mea maʻi hiki ʻole ke mālama ʻia me chemotherapy.
- ʻO ka radiation radiation kūwaho ma ke ʻano he palliative therapy, e hōʻoluʻolu i nā hōʻailona a hoʻomaikaʻi i ke ʻano o ke ola.
- ʻO ka laser therapy a me / a i ʻole loko radiation radiation e hōʻoluʻolu i nā hōʻailona a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ke ola.
- Nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o nā papa hana hoʻomaʻamaʻa radiation waho hou a me nā ʻano lapaʻau hou.
- ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o ka chemotherapy a me ka radiation therapy i hui pū ʻia me kahi radiosensitizer.
- ʻO nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o ka hoʻomālamalama pahuhopu i hoʻohui ʻia me chemotherapy a me radiation therapy.
No ka ʻike hou aku e pili ana i ke kākoʻo kākoʻo no nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli e like me ka hanu, ka pōkole o ka hanu, a me ka ʻeha o ka umauma, e ʻike i nā hōʻuluʻulu aʻe:
- ʻO Syndromes Cardiopulmonary
- ʻEha maʻi ʻaʻai
E hoʻohana i kā mākou ʻimi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e ʻike i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua maʻi maʻi i kākoʻo ʻia e NCI e ʻae nei i nā mea maʻi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻimi i nā hoʻāʻo e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ka makahiki o ka mea hoʻomanawanui, a kahi e hana ʻia ai nā hoʻokolokolo. Loaʻa nā ʻike laulā e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.
ʻO ke kahua i ʻike hou ʻia IV, Hoʻihoʻi Hou ʻia, a me ka maʻi ʻaʻa maʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi hou ʻole
ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka pae IV hou i ʻike hou ʻia, hoʻi hou, a me ka maʻi ʻaʻa liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ʻole hou e komo pū paha me kēia:
- Hoʻohui chemotherapy.
- Hoʻohui pū ʻana i ka chemotherapy a me ka hoʻomālama ʻia me ka monoclonal antibody, e like me bevacizumab, cetuximab, a i ʻole nekitumumab.
- Hoʻohui ʻia ka chemotherapy i ukali ʻia e ka chemotherapy hou aʻe ma ke ʻano he mālama mālama e kōkua ai i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.
- Hoʻopaʻa kaulike ʻia me kahi mea ulu ulu epidermal (EGFR) tyrosine kinase mea kāohi, e like me osimertinib, gefitinib, erlotinib, a me afatinib.
- Hoʻopaʻa kaulike ʻia me kahi mea hoʻopili anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), e like me alectinib, crizotinib, ceritinib, brigatinib, a me lorlatinib.
- Hoʻopaʻa kaulike ʻia me kahi mea hōʻoki BRAF a MEK paha, e like me dabrafenib a i ʻole trametinib.
- Hoʻopaʻa kaulike ʻia me kahi mea kāohi iā NTRK, e like me larotrectinib.
- ʻO Immunotherapy me kahi mea hōʻemi pale nānā, e like me pembrolizumab, me a i ʻole chemotherapy.
- ʻO ka laser therapy a me / a i ʻole ʻo radiation radiation no nā tumors e ālai ana i nā alaloa.
- ʻO ka radiation radiation kūwaho ma ke ʻano he palliative therapy, e hōʻoluʻolu i nā hōʻailona a hoʻomaikaʻi i ke ʻano o ke ola.
- ʻO ke ʻoki kino e hemo ai i kahi tumo mua ʻelua.
- Hoʻopau ke ʻoki e wehe i ka maʻi ʻaʻai i hohola i ka lolo, a ukali ʻia e ka radiation radiation i ka lolo holoʻokoʻa.
- ʻO nā radiosurgery Stereotactic no nā tumors i palahalaha aʻe i ka lolo a ʻaʻole hiki ke mālama ʻia me ke ʻoki kino.
- ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o nā lāʻau hou a me nā hui ʻana o nā mālama.
E hoʻohana i kā mākou ʻimi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e ʻike i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua maʻi maʻi i kākoʻo ʻia e NCI e ʻae nei i nā mea maʻi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻimi i nā hoʻāʻo e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ka makahiki o ka mea hoʻomanawanui, a kahi e hana ʻia ai nā hoʻokolokolo. Loaʻa nā ʻike laulā e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.
ʻO ke kūlana holomua IV, hoʻi hou, a me ka maʻi ʻaʻa maʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi hou ʻole
ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka pae holomua IV, hoʻi hou, a me ka maʻi ʻaʻa liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ʻole hou e komo pū paha me kēia:
- ʻO Chemotherapy.
- Hoʻopaʻa kaulike ʻia me kahi mea ulu ulu epidermal (EGFR) tyrosine kinase mea kāohi, e like me erlotinib, gefitinib, afatinib, a me osimertinib.
- Hoʻopaʻa kaulike ʻia me kahi mea hoʻopili anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), e like me crizotinib, ceritinib, alectinib, a brigatinib paha.
- Hoʻopaʻa kaulike ʻia me kahi mea hōʻoki BRAF a MEK paha, e like me dabrafenib a i ʻole trametinib.
- ʻO Immunotherapy me kahi mea hōʻemi pale nānā, e like me ka nivolumab, pembrolizumab, a i ʻole atezolizumab.
- ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o nā lāʻau hou a me nā hui ʻana o nā mālama.
E hoʻohana i kā mākou ʻimi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e ʻike i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua maʻi maʻi i kākoʻo ʻia e NCI e ʻae nei i nā mea maʻi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻimi i nā hoʻāʻo e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ka makahiki o ka mea hoʻomanawanui, a kahi e hana ʻia ai nā hoʻokolokolo. Loaʻa nā ʻike laulā e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.
E aʻo hou e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi
No ka ʻike hou aku mai ka National Cancer Institute e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, e ʻike i kēia:
- ʻAoʻao Puka Kanaka Maʻi Lung
- Kāohi ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻa puʻu
- ʻO ka loiloi ʻana ʻo Ka maʻi ʻaʻai
- Ua ʻae ʻia nā lāʻau no ka maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi
- ʻO nā Therapy Cancer i kau ʻia
- Nā Lasers i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai
- Photodynamic Therapy no ka maʻi ʻaʻai
- Cryosurgery i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai
- Paka (me ke kōkua me ka haʻalele ʻana)
- ʻO ka uahi lua a me ka maʻi ʻaʻai
No ka ʻike ākea maʻi ʻaʻai a me nā kumuwaiwai ʻē aʻe mai ka National Cancer Institute, e ʻike i ka mea aʻe:
- E pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai
- Ke hoʻokū nei
- ʻO Chemotherapy a ʻo ʻoe: Kākoʻo no ka poʻe me ka maʻi ʻaʻai
- Radiation Therapy a ʻo ʻoe: Kākoʻo no ka poʻe me ka maʻi ʻaʻai
- Ke kāohi nei i ka maʻi ʻaʻai
- Nā nīnau e nīnau ai i kāu kauka e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai
- No nā mea ola a me nā mea mālama
