Nā ʻano / ate / hoʻomanawanui / keiki-ate-lapaʻau-pdq

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpio

ʻO ka ʻikepili ākea e pili ana i ka maʻi hānai keiki

NA MANA KUNI

• ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpio kamaliʻi kahi maʻi kahi e kū ai nā maʻi malignant (cancer) i loko o nā aʻa o ke ake.

• Aia nā ʻano like ʻole o ke kanesa ate ʻōpio.

• Hiki i kekahi mau maʻi a me nā kūlana ke hoʻonui i ka makaʻu o ke kanesa ate ʻōpio.

• ʻO nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli o ke kanesa ate ʻōpio me kahi puʻupuʻu a ʻeha paha i loko o ka ʻōpū.

• Hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻāʻo e nānā ana i ke akepaʻa a me ke koko e ʻike (loaʻa) a ʻike ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai ate o ke keiki a ʻike inā ua pāhola ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

• Kū kekahi mau kumu i ka wānana (kahi o ke ola ʻana) a me nā koho lapaʻau.

ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpio kamaliʻi kahi maʻi kahi e kū ai nā maʻi malignant (cancer) i loko o nā aʻa o ke ake.

ʻO ke akepaʻa kekahi o nā mea nui i loko o ke kino. ʻElua ona lobes a hoʻopiha i ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau i luna o ka ʻōpū ma loko o ka iwi ʻaoʻao. ʻEkolu o nā hana nui a ke akepaʻa:

• E kānana i nā mea hōʻino mai ke koko i hiki ai iā lākou ke hele aʻe mai ke kino i nā noho a me ka mimi.

• E hana i ka bile e kōkua i ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā momona mai ka meaʻai.

• E mālama i ka glycogen (kō), e hoʻohana ai ke kino no ka ikehu.

Anatomia o ke ake. Aia ke akepaʻa i luna o ka ʻōpū ma kahi kokoke i ka ʻōpū, nā ʻōpū, kahe, a me nā pancreas. He ʻāpana ʻākau ko ka akepaʻa a me kahi ʻāpā hema. Māhele ʻia kēlā me kēia ʻāpana i ʻelua mau ʻāpana (ʻaʻole i hōʻike ʻia).

Kākaʻikahi ka maʻi ʻaʻai ate i nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio.

Aia nā ʻano like ʻole o ke kanesa ate ʻōpio.

ʻElua ʻano nui o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpio kamaliʻi:

• Hepatoblastoma: ʻO Hepatoblastoma ka ʻano maʻamau o ke kanesa ate ʻōpio. Hoʻololi pinepine ia i nā keiki ma mua o 3 mau makahiki.

I ka hepatoblastoma, ka histology (pehea ke nānā ʻana o nā hunaola maʻi ʻino ma lalo o kahi microscope) i ka hopena o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻO ka mōʻaukala no ka hepatoblastoma kekahi o kēia mau mea:

• ʻO ka histology fetal maikaʻi (ʻokoʻa fetal).

• ʻO ka mōʻaukala underioriated pūnaewele liʻiliʻi.

• Non-maikaʻi-ʻokoʻa moʻokūʻauhau fetal, non-liʻiliʻi pūkaʻina undifferentiated histology.

• Hepatocellular carcinoma: ʻo ka maʻi maʻamau ʻo Hepatocellular ka hopena ma mua o nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio. ʻOi aku ka maʻamau i nā wahi o ʻAsia i loaʻa nā helu kiʻekiʻe o ka maʻi hepitis B ma mua o ka US

ʻO nā ʻano liʻiliʻi ʻē aʻe o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpio kamaliʻi e pili ana i kēia

• ʻO ka sarcoma embryonal pono ʻole o ke akepaʻa: ke ʻano maʻamau kēia ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai ate i nā keiki ma waena o 5 a 10 mau makahiki. Hoʻolahalaha pinepine ia ma o ke akepaʻa a me / a i ʻole i nā akemāmā.

• ʻO ke choriocarcinoma Infantile o ke akepaʻa: he tumo laha ʻole kēia e hoʻomaka i ka placenta a pālahalaha aku i ka ʻōpū. ʻIke ʻia ka tumo i nā mahina mua o ke ola. Eia kekahi, ʻike ʻia ka makuahine o ke keiki me ka choriocarcinoma. ʻO Choriocarcinoma kahi ʻano maʻi trophoblastic hāpai. E ʻike i ka hōʻuluʻulu e pili ana iā Gestational Trophoblastic Disease Treatment no ka ʻike hou aku e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana i ka choriocarcinoma no ka makuahine o ke keiki.

• Nā puʻupaʻa ate o ke akepau: hoʻokumu kēia mau tumors i ke akepaʻa mai nā hunaola e hana i nā kīʻaha koko a i ʻole nā ​​kīʻaha lymph. ʻO nā puʻupaʻa ate o ke akepaʻa he benign (ʻaʻole maʻi maʻi) a i ʻole malignant (maʻi ʻaʻai). E ʻike i ka hōʻuluʻulu e pili ana i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana o ka Tumua Vascular Tumors no ka ʻike hou aku e pili ana i nā tumora ate.

ʻO kēia hōʻuluʻulu e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ate mua (maʻi ʻaʻai e hoʻomaka i ke ake). ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ate metastatic, ka maʻi ʻaʻai e hoʻomaka i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino a pāhola i ke ake, ʻaʻole i kūkā ʻia ma kēia hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo.

Hiki ke kū i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ate ma nā mākua a me nā keiki. Eia nō naʻe, ʻokoʻa ka mālama ʻana i nā keiki i ka mālama ʻana no nā mākua. E ʻike i ka hōʻuluʻulu e pili ana i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā maʻi maʻi ʻōpio makua ʻōpio no ka ʻike hou aku e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana i nā mākua.

Hiki i kekahi mau maʻi a me nā kūlana ke hoʻonui i ka makaʻu o ke kanesa ate ʻōpio.

ʻO nā mea āpau e hoʻonui i kou manawa e loaʻa ai kahi maʻi i kapa ʻia he kumu weliweli. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi mea pilikia ʻaʻole ia he kumu e loaʻa ʻoe i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻaʻohe o nā kumu pilikia ʻaʻole ia he kumu ʻaʻole ʻoe e loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka inā makemake ʻoe e pilikia paha kāu keiki.

ʻO nā kumu pilikia no ka hepatoblastoma e komo pū me nā syndrome a i ʻole nā ​​kūlana:

• Maʻi Aicardi.

• Beckwith-Wiedemann maʻi.

• Hemihipplasia.

• Polyposis adenomatous ʻohana (FAP).

• Maʻi maʻi glycogen.

• Kahi kaumaha haʻahaʻa loa i ka wā hānau.

• Simpson-Golabi-Behmel maʻi.

• Hoʻololi kekahi mau loli, e like me Trisomy 18.

Loaʻa paha i nā keiki i ka makaʻu i ka hepatoblastoma i nā hoʻokolohua i hana ʻia e nānā no ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma mua o ka hōʻike ʻana o kekahi hōʻailona. I kēlā me kēia 3 mahina a hiki i ka piha ʻana o ke keiki i ka 4 mau makahiki, hana ʻia kahi hōʻike ultrasound ʻōpū a nānā ʻia ka pae o ka alpha-fetoprotein i ke koko.

ʻO nā kumu pilikia no ka maʻi maʻi hepatocellular me nā syndrome a i ʻole nā ​​kūlana:

• ʻO Alagille Syndrome.

• Maʻi maʻi glycogen.

• Hepatitis B mea hoʻomaʻi maʻi i hoʻolilo ʻia mai ka makuahine a ke keiki i ka wā hānau.

• ʻO ka maʻi ʻohana intrahepatic holomua.

• Tyrosinemia.

ʻO kekahi mau mea maʻi me ka tyrosinemia e loaʻa i kahi transplant ake e mālama ai i kēia maʻi ma mua o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hōʻailona a i ʻole nā ​​hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

ʻO nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli o ke kanesa ate ʻōpio me kahi puʻupuʻu a ʻeha paha i loko o ka ʻōpū.

ʻOi aku ka pinepine o nā hōʻailona a me nā hōʻailona ma hope o ka nui ʻana o ka tumo. Hiki i nā kūlana ʻē aʻe ke kumu i nā hōʻailona like a me nā ʻōuli. E nīnau me ke kauka o kāu keiki inā loaʻa i kāu keiki kekahi o kēia mau mea:

• ʻO kahi puʻupuʻu i loko o ka ʻōpū e ʻehaʻeha paha.

• ʻO ka pehu i loko o ka ʻōpū.

• ʻO ka hōʻemi kaumaha no ke kumu ʻole.

• Loaʻa ka ʻai ʻole.

• ʻO Nusea a me ka luaʻi.

Hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻāʻo e nānā ana i ke akepaʻa a me ke koko e ʻike (loaʻa) a ʻike ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai ate o ke keiki a ʻike inā ua pāhola ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻāʻo a me nā kaʻina hana aʻe:

• ʻO ka hoʻāʻo kino a me ka mōʻaukala: kahi hōʻike o ke kino e nānā i nā hōʻailona laulā o ke olakino, e like me ka nānā ʻana i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi, e like me nā puʻupuʻu a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻē aʻe e ʻano ʻē. E lawe ʻia kahi moʻolelo o nā ʻano olakino o ka mea maʻi a me nā maʻi i hala a me nā mālama ʻana.

• Hōʻaʻike hōʻailona tumoma Serum: kahi hana e nānā ʻia ai kahi hāpana koko e ana i ka nui o kekahi mau mea i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i loko o ke koko e nā ʻokena, nāʻaʻaʻa, a i ʻole nā ​​hunaola tumele i loko o ke kino. Hoʻopili ʻia kekahi mau mea i kekahi ʻano ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai ke loaʻa i nā pae hoʻonui ʻia i ke koko. Kapa ʻia kēia mau mea he tumers mark. ʻO ke koko o nā keiki i loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai akepau e hoʻonui paha i ka nui o ka hōmona i kapa ʻia beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-hCG) a i ʻole protein i kapa ʻia alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). ʻO nā maʻi ʻino ʻē aʻe, nā akepaʻa akepaʻa o ke akepaʻa, a me kekahi mau ʻano noncancer, me cirrhosis a me ka hepatitis, hiki ke hoʻonui pū i nā pae o ka AFP.

• Helu piha o ke koko (CBC): Ke kaʻina hana e huki ʻia ai kahi laʻana o ke koko a nānā ʻia no kēia mau mea:

• ʻO ka helu o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula, nā aʻa koko keʻokeʻo, a me nā platelet.

• ʻO ka nui o ka hemoglobin (ka protein i hāpai i ka oxygen) i loko o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula.

• ʻO ka ʻāpana o ka hāpana koko i hana ʻia i nā hunaola ʻulaʻula.

• Nā ho'āʻo hana ate: kahi kaʻina e nānā ʻia kahi laʻana koko e ana i ka nui o kekahi mau mea i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i loko o ke koko e ke ake. ʻO kahi kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka nui maʻamau o kahi mea hiki ke lilo i hōʻailona o ka hōʻino o ke ake a i ʻole ke kanesa.

• Nā aʻo kemika koko: kahi hana e nānā ʻia ai kahi laʻana koko e ana i ka nui o kekahi mau mea, e like me bilirubin a i ʻole lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i loko o ke koko e nā ʻokena a me nā ʻaʻa i ke kino. ʻO kahi mea maʻamau (ʻoi aʻe a i ʻole haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka maʻamau) o kahi mea hiki ke lilo i hōʻailona o ka maʻi.

• Hōʻikeʻike Epstein-Barr virus (EBV): Kuhi i ke koko e nānā no nā mea ʻino i ka EBV a me nā māka DNA o ka EBV. Loaʻa kēia i ke koko o nā maʻi i loaʻa i ka maʻi EBV.

ʻIke Hepatitis: kahi hana e nānā ʻia ai kahi hāpana koko no nā ʻāpana o ka maʻi hepatitis.

• MRI (kiʻi resonance ʻume mākenēki) me gadolinium: kahi hana e hoʻohana ai i ka magnet, nā nalu lekiō, a me kahi kamepiula e hana i kahi o nā kiʻi kikoʻī o nā wahi i loko o ke ake. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi mea i kapa ʻia ʻo gadolinium i kahi aa koko. Hōʻiliʻili ka gadolinium a puni nā hunaola maʻi ʻula i mea e mālamalama ai lākou i ke kiʻi. Kāhea ʻia kēia kaʻina hana he kiʻi nukelea kiʻi resonance (NMRI).

ʻO ke kiʻi ʻana o ka resonance ʻume mākenēki (MRI) o ka ʻōpū. Moe ke keiki ma ka papaʻaina e paheʻe i ka scanner MRI, e paʻi ana i nā kiʻi o loko o ke kino. Kōkua ka pale ma luna o ka ʻōpū o ke keiki e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā kiʻi.

• CT scan (CAT scan): Kahi hana e hana ai i ka moʻo o nā kiʻi kikoʻī o nā wahi i loko o ke kino, i lawe ʻia mai nā ʻaoʻao ʻokoʻa. Hana ʻia nā kiʻi e kahi kamepiula i hoʻopili ʻia i kahi mīkini x-ray. Hoʻokomo ʻia paha ke kala i loko o ke aa a i ʻole ale ʻia e kōkua i nā ʻōpū a i ʻole nā ​​kino i hōʻike hou aku me ka maopopo. Kāhea ʻia kēia kaʻina hana he tomography i helu ʻia, kamepiula tomography, a i ʻole he tomography axial computerized. I ka maʻi ʻaʻai ate ʻōpio, hana pinepine ʻia kahi CT scan o ka umauma a me ka ʻōpū.

ʻO ka scan tomography compute (CT) o ka ʻōpū. Moe ke keiki ma ka papaʻaina e paheʻe ai i ka scanner CT, e kiʻi ana i nā kiʻi x-ray o loko o ka ʻōpū.

• ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o Ultrasound: kahi kaʻina hana e kipaku ʻia ai nā nalu kani ikaika (ultrasound) mai nā aʻa a i ʻole nā ​​ʻola a hana i nā leo. Hoʻokumu nā leo i kahi kiʻi o nā kino o ke kino i kapa ʻia he sonogram. Hiki ke paʻi ʻia ke kiʻi e nānā ma hope. I ke kanesa maʻi ʻōpū, hana ʻia kahi hōʻike ultrasound o ka ʻōpū e nānā i nā kīʻaha koko nui.

ʻO ke ultrasound ʻōpū. ʻO kahi transducer ultrasound e pili ana i kahi kamepiula e kaomi ʻia i ka ʻili o ka ʻōpū. Pākuʻi ka transducer i nā nalu kani i nā mea kūloko a me nā aʻa e hana i nā leo e hana i kahi sonogram (kiʻi kamepiula).

• ʻO x-ray ʻōpū: ʻO kahi x-ray o nā ʻokena i loko o ka ʻōpū. ʻO kahi x-ray kahi ʻano kukuna ikehu e hiki ke hele ma waena o ke kino i ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni, e hana ana i kiʻi o nā wahi i loko o ke kino.

• ʻO Biopsy: Ka hemo ʻana o kahi hāpana o nā hunaola a i ʻole nāʻaʻaʻa i hiki ke nānā ʻia ma lalo o kahi microscope e nānā ai i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Lawe ʻia paha ka laʻana i ka wā o ke ʻoki e wehe a nānā paha i ka tumo. Nānā kahi pathologist i ka laʻana ma lalo o kahi microscope e ʻike i ke ʻano o ke kanesa maʻi ate.

E hana ʻia paha kēia hōʻike ma ka laʻana o nā kiko i lawe ʻia.

• Immunohistochemistry: ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e hoʻohana ai i nā anti-antibodies e nānā ai no kekahi antigens (markers) i kahi laʻana o kaʻiʻo o ka mea maʻi. Hoʻopili pinepine ʻia nā mea ʻino i kekahi enzyme a i ʻole ka waihoʻoluʻu fluorescent. Ma hope o ka hoʻopili ʻana o nā mea ʻume i kekahi antigen kikoʻī i ka laʻana kiko, hoʻōloli ʻia ka enzyme a i ʻole ke kala, a laila ʻike ʻia ka antigen ma lalo o kahi microscope. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻano hoʻāʻo e nānā no kekahi mutation gen, e kōkua ai i ka diagnose cancer, a e kōkua i ka haʻi ʻana i kekahi ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai mai kekahi ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai.

Kū kekahi mau kumu i ka wānana (kahi o ke ola ʻana) a me nā koho lapaʻau.

ʻO ka wānana (ka manawa kūpono o ke ola ʻana) a me nā koho lapaʻau no ka maʻi hepatoblastoma e pili ana i kēia mau mea:

• ʻO ka hui PRETEXT.

• Ka nui o ka tumo.

• Inā he ʻano ʻokoʻa maikaʻi ke ʻano o ka hepatoblastoma (fetal maʻemaʻe) a i ʻole histology liʻiliʻi ʻokoʻa pūnana.

• Inā ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā wahi ʻē aʻe i ke kino, e like me ka diaphragm, nā mumū, a i ʻole kekahi mau moku koko nui.

• Inā ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi tumo i ke akepaʻa.

• Inā ua hāmama ka uhi o waho a puni ka tumo.

• Pehea e pane ai ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ka chemotherapy.

• Inā hiki ke hemo loa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai e ke ʻoki kino.

• Hiki paha i ka mea hoʻomanawanui ke loaʻa i kahi hoʻoliʻiliʻi ate.

• E iho paha nā pae o ke koko o AFP ma hope o ka lapaʻau ʻana.

• Ka makahiki o ke keiki.

• Inā ua hōʻoia wale ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai a i ʻole ua hoʻi hou.

ʻO ka wānana (ka manawa kūpono o ke ola ʻana) a me nā koho lapaʻau no ka maʻi hepatocellular e pili ana i kēia mau mea:

• ʻO ka hui PRETEXT.

• Inā ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā wahi ʻē aʻe i ke kino, e like me nā akemāmā.

• Inā hiki ke hemo loa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai e ke ʻoki kino.

• Pehea e pane ai ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ka chemotherapy.

• Inā he maʻi hepatitis B ke keiki.

• Inā ua hōʻoia wale ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai a i ʻole ua hoʻi hou.

No ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpio kamaliʻi e hoʻi (hoʻi) ma hope o ka lapaʻau mua ʻana, pili ka wānana a me nā koho lapaʻau i:

• Ma hea i ke kino i kū hou ai ka tumo.

• Ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana e mālama ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻai mua.

E hoola ʻia paha ka maʻi ʻaʻai ate o ke keiki inā liʻiliʻi ka tumo a hiki ke hoʻopau loa ʻia e ke kaha. Hiki ke hoʻopau pinepine ʻia i ka hoʻopau piha loa ʻana no ka maʻi hepatoblastoma ma mua o ka maʻi heposis.

Nā pae o ka maʻi ʻaʻai kamaliʻi

NA MANA KUNI

• Ma hope o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpio o ke keiki, hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua e ʻike inā ua pāhola nā hunaola maʻi ʻōpū i loko o ke akepaʻa a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

• ʻElua ʻōnaehana hōʻuluʻulu no ka maʻi ʻaʻai ate kamaliʻi.

• ʻEhā mau pūʻulu PRETEXT a me POSTTEXT:

• ʻO PRETEXT a me POSTTEXT Pūʻulu I

• ʻO PRETEXT a me POSTTEXT Pūʻulu II

• ʻO PRETEXT a me POSTTEXT Pūʻulu III

• ʻO PRETEXT a me POSTTEXT Pūʻulu IV

• ʻEkolu ala e hoʻolaha ai ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ke kino.

• E laha paha ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai kahi i hoʻomaka ai i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

Ma hope o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpio o ke keiki, hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua e ʻike inā ua pāhola nā hunaola maʻi ʻōpū i loko o ke akepaʻa a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

ʻO ke kaʻina hana e ʻike inā ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ke ake, i nā mea kokoke a i ʻole nā ​​ʻokena, a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino i kapa ʻia he staging I ka maʻi ʻaʻai ate ʻōpio, hoʻohana ʻia nā pūʻulu PRETEXT a me POSTTEXT ma kahi o ke kahua e hoʻolālā i ka lāʻau. ʻO nā hopena o nā hoʻokolohua a me nā kaʻina hana i hana ai e ʻike, ʻike, a ʻike inā ua pāhola ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai e hoʻohana ai e hoʻoholo i nā hui PRETEXT a me POSTTEXT.

ʻElua ʻōnaehana hōʻuluʻulu no ka maʻi ʻaʻai ate kamaliʻi.

Hoʻohana ʻia ʻelua mau ʻōnaehana hui no ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpio ʻōpio e hoʻoholo inā hiki ke hemo ʻia ka tumo e ke ʻoki kino:

• Hōʻike ka hui PRETEXT i ka tumo ma mua o ka mālama ʻana o ka mea maʻi.

• Hōʻike ka hui POSTTEXT i ka tumora ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka mea maʻi e like me neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

ʻEhā mau pūʻulu PRETEXT a me POSTTEXT:

Māhele ʻia ke akepaʻa i ʻehā mau paukū. ʻO nā hui PRETEXT a me POSTTEXT kaukaʻi ʻia i nā ʻāpana o ke akepaʻa i loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

ʻO PRETEXT a me POSTTEXT Pūʻulu I

ʻO KEKUA PRETEXT I. Loaʻa ka maʻi ʻaʻai i hoʻokahi ʻāpana o ke ake. ʻEkolu mau ʻāpana o ke ake e pili pono ʻole i ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o lākou.

I ka hui I, loaʻa ka maʻi ʻaʻai i hoʻokahi ʻāpana o ke ake. ʻEkolu mau ʻāpana o ke ake e pili pono ʻole i ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o lākou.

ʻO PRETEXT a me POSTTEXT Pūʻulu II

ʻAha PRETEXT II. ʻIke ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha ʻāpana o ke ake. ʻElua ʻāpana o ke ake e pili pono ʻole ana i kekahi i kekahi ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o lākou.

I ka hui II, loaʻa ka maʻi ʻaʻai i hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha ʻāpana o ke ake. ʻElua ʻāpana o ke ake e pili pono ʻole ana i kekahi i kekahi ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o lākou.

ʻO PRETEXT a me POSTTEXT Pūʻulu III

ʻAha PRETEXT III. ʻIke ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma nā ʻāpana ʻekolu o ke akepaʻa a ʻaʻohe ʻāpana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, a i ʻole loaʻa ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā ʻāpana ʻelua o ke akepaʻa a ʻelua mau ʻāpana ʻaʻole pili kekahi i kekahi ʻaʻohe maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o lākou.

I ka hui III, ʻoiaʻiʻo kekahi o kēia mau mea:

• ʻIke ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma ʻekolu mau ʻāpana o ke akepaʻa a ʻaʻohe o ka maʻi ʻaʻai i hoʻokahi ʻāpana.

• ʻIke ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma nā ʻāpana ʻelua o ke ake a ʻelua mau ʻāpana ʻaʻole pili kekahi i kekahi ʻaʻohe maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o lākou.

ʻO PRETEXT a me POSTTEXT Pūʻulu IV

ʻAha PRETEXT IV. Loaʻa ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā ʻāpana ʻehā o ke ake.

I ka hui IV, loaʻa ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma nā ʻāpana ʻehā o ke ake.

ʻEkolu ala e hoʻolaha ai ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ke kino.

Hiki ke pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma o nā meaola, ka ʻōnaehana lymph, a me ke koko.

• Kāpena. Hoʻolahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai kahi i hoʻomaka ai i ka ulu ʻana i nā wahi kokoke.

• ʻŌnaehana Lymph. Hoʻolahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai kahi i hoʻomaka ai i ke komo ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana lymph. Hele ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma o nā kīʻaha lymph i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

• Koko. Hoʻolahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai kahi i hoʻomaka ai i ke komo ʻana i ke koko. Hele ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma o nā kīʻaha koko i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

E laha paha ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai kahi i hoʻomaka ai i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

Ke pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i kekahi ʻāpana o ke kino, ua kapa ʻia ia ʻo metastasis. E haki nā hunaola maʻi 'aʻai mai kahi a lākou i hoʻomaka ai (ka tumo mua) a hele i loko o ka ʻōnaehana lymph a i ʻole ke koko.

• ʻŌnaehana Lymph. Komo ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ka ʻōnaehana lymph, hele ma waena o nā kīʻaha lymph, a hana i kahi tumo (tumo metastatic) i kekahi ʻāpana o ke kino.

• Koko. Komo ke kanesa i loko o ke koko, hele ma waena o nā kīʻaha koko, a hana i kahi tumo (tumo metastatic) i kekahi ʻāpana o ke kino.

ʻO ka tumo metastatic ka ʻano like o ke kanesa me ka tumo mua. ʻO kahi laʻana, inā pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpio o ke akepaʻa i ka akemāmā, ʻo nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ka akemāmā he mau pūnaʻi maʻi maʻi ate. ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai ate metastatic, ʻaʻole ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā.

ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpio hou

ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai ate ʻōpio hou he maʻi ʻaʻai i hoʻi hou (hoʻi) ma hope o ka mālama ʻia ʻana. E hoʻi paha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ke akepaʻa a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino. ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai e ulu a ulu ana paha i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana he maʻi holomua.

Laulā Manaʻo Option Oponopono

NA MANA KUNI

• Aia nā ʻano lapaʻau like ʻole no nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpio o nā keiki.

• Pono e hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā kamaliʻi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai ate e kā lākou lapaʻau ʻana e kahi kime o nā lawelawe mālama ola i loea i ka mālama ʻana i kēia maʻi ʻaʻa kamaliʻi liʻiliʻi.

• ʻO ka mālama ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai ate ʻōpio ke kumu o nā hopena.

• Hoʻohana ʻia ʻeono ʻano o ka mālama maʻamau.

• ʻOki kino

• Ke kali kiaʻi nei

• ʻO Chemotherapy

• Lapaʻau hoʻomākala

• ʻAha hoʻopau maʻi

• Lapaʻau Antiviral

• Ke hoʻāʻo ʻia nei nā ʻano lapaʻau hou i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.

• Pahuhopu kau ʻia

• Makemake paha nā mea maʻi e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana.

• Hiki i nā mea maʻi ke komo i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ma mua, i ka wā, a ma hope paha o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i kā lākou mālama maʻi ʻaʻai.

• Pono paha nā hoʻokolohua ukali.

Aia nā ʻano lapaʻau like ʻole no nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpio o nā keiki.

Loaʻa nā ʻano lapaʻau like ʻole no nā keiki me ka maʻi ʻaʻai ate. Kūlana maʻamau kekahi mau hōʻailona (ʻo ka lāʻau i hoʻohana ʻia i kēia manawa), a ʻo kekahi e hoʻāʻo ʻia nei i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua. ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua lapaʻau kahi noiʻi noiʻi i manaʻo ʻia e kōkua i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā mālama ʻana i kēia manawa a i ʻole loaʻa ka ʻike e pili ana i nā mālama hou no nā maʻi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Ke hōʻike nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kahi lapaʻau hou ma mua o ka maʻamau maʻamau, lilo paha ka lāʻau hou i ka lapaʻau maʻamau.

Lawe ʻia i kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia no nā keiki āpau me ka maʻi ʻaʻai ate. ʻO kekahi mau hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e hāmama wale i nā mea maʻi i hoʻomaka ʻole i ka lāʻau.

Pono e hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā kamaliʻi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai ate e kā lākou lapaʻau ʻana e kahi kime o nā lawelawe mālama ola i loea i ka mālama ʻana i kēia maʻi ʻaʻa kamaliʻi liʻiliʻi.

E mālama ʻia ka lapaʻau ʻana e kahi oncologist pediatric, he kauka i loea i ka mālama ʻana i nā keiki me ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Hana pū ka oncologist pediatric me nā mea lawelawe olakino ʻē aʻe i loea i ka mālama ʻana i nā keiki me ka maʻi ʻaʻai ate a me ka poʻe loea i kekahi mau wahi o ka lāʻau. He mea nui loa ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi kauka lāʻau pediatric me ka ʻike ma ke ʻoki o ka ate nāna hiki ke hoʻouna i nā mea maʻi i kahi papahana transplant ake inā pono. Hiki i nā loea ʻē aʻe ke hoʻopili i kēia mau mea:

• Kahuna Pediatrician.

• Oncologist uila.

• ʻO ka loea kahu maʻi Pediatric.

• Lapaʻau hoʻōla.

• ʻOlogistlapa psychologist.

• Limahana limahana.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai ate ʻōpio ke kumu o nā hopena.

No ka ʻike e pili ana i nā hopena i hoʻomaka i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ʻike i kā mākou ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao.

ʻO nā hopena ʻē aʻe mai ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai e hoʻomaka ma hope o ka mālama ʻana a hoʻomau no nā mahina a i ʻole mau makahiki e kapa ʻia nā hopena hopena. Hiki i nā hopena hope loa o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ke:

• Nā pilikia o ke kino.

• Nā loli i ke ʻano, nā manaʻo, ka noʻonoʻo, ke aʻo ʻana, a me ka hoʻomanaʻo paha.

• Nā maʻi ʻelua (nā ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai hou).

E mālama a kāohi ʻia paha kekahi mau hopena hopena. He mea nui e kamaʻilio pū me nā kauka o kāu keiki e pili ana i nā hopena o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai i kāu keiki. (E ʻike i ka hōʻuluʻulu e pili ana i nā hopena hope o ka mālama ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻa kamaliʻi no ka ʻike hou aku).

Hoʻohana ʻia ʻeono ʻano o ka mālama maʻamau.

ʻOki kino

Ke hiki, lawe ʻia ke kanesa e ke ʻoki kino.

• Hepetectomy hapa: Ke hemo ʻana o ka ʻāpana o ke akepaʻa kahi i loaʻa ai ka maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻO ka ʻāpana i hoʻoneʻe ʻia he ʻoki o ka ʻaʻa, kahi ʻūpā holoʻokoʻa, a i ʻole kahi ʻāpana nui o ke ake, me kahi liʻiliʻi o nā mea maʻamau a puni ia.

• Huina hepatectomy a me ke kuhi ʻana o ke akepaʻa: Ka hemo ʻana o ke ake holoʻokoʻa a ukali ʻia e kahi transplant o ke ake olakino mai kahi mea hāʻawi. Hiki paha ke kanu i ke ake inā ʻaʻole pāhola ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma ʻō aku o ke akepaʻa a hiki ke loaʻa i kahi ate hāʻawi Inā kali ka mea maʻi no kahi akepaʻa i hāʻawi ʻia, hāʻawi ʻia nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe inā pono.

• ʻO ka lawe ʻana i nā metastases: kahi ʻoki e wehe ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻai i pālahalaha ma waho o ke ake, e like me nā mea kokoke, nā akemāmā, a me ka lolo.

ʻO ke ʻano o ke kaha ʻana i hiki ke hana ʻia ma muli o kēia:

• ʻO ka hui PRETEXT a me ka hui POSTTEXT.

• Ka nui o ka tumo mua.

• Inā ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi tumo i ke akepaʻa.

• Inā paha ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā moku koko kokoke.

• ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) i loko o ke koko.

• Inā hiki ke hōʻemi ʻia ka tumo e ka chemotherapy i hiki ai iā ia ke hemo e ke kahakaha.

• Inā makemake ʻia kahi transplant ake.

Hāʻawi ʻia ʻo Chemotherapy i kekahi manawa ma mua o ke kaha ʻana e hōʻemi i ka tumo a maʻalahi hoʻi e hemo. Kapa ʻia kēia ʻo neoadjuvant therapy.

Ma hope o ka hemo ʻana o ke kauka i nā maʻi ʻaʻai āpau i hiki ke ʻike ʻia i ka manawa o ke ʻoki ʻana, hiki i kekahi mau mea maʻi ke hāʻawi ʻia i ka chemotherapy a i ʻole ka radiation therapy ma hope o ke kaha ʻana e luku i nā hunaola maʻi ʻea i koe. ʻO ka lāʻau i hāʻawi ʻia ma hope o ke kaha ʻana, e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka makaʻu e hoʻi mai ka maʻi ʻaʻai, i kapa ʻia ʻo adjuvant therapy.

Ke kali kiaʻi nei

Ke kali nei ke kiaʻi me ka nānā pono ʻana i ke ʻano o ka mea maʻi me ka ʻole o ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā lāʻau a hiki i ka wā e ʻike ʻia ai nā hōʻailona a i ʻole nā ​​loli. I ka hepatoblastoma, hoʻohana wale ʻia kēia lapaʻau no nā tumors liʻiliʻi i hemo loa ʻia e ke ʻoki.

ʻO Chemotherapy

ʻO Chemotherapy kahi lāʻau lapaʻau maʻi maʻi e hoʻohana i nā lāʻau e hōʻoki i ka ulu ʻana o nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai, ma ka luku ʻana i nā hunaola a i ʻole ke kāpae ʻana iā lākou mai ka hoʻokaʻawale. Ke lawe ʻia ka chemotherapy e ka waha a i ʻole injected i loko o kahi aa koko a i ʻole nā ​​mākala, komo nā lāʻau i ke kahe o ke koko a hiki ke kiʻi i nā hunaola maʻi ʻōpio i loko o ke kino (chemotherapy ʻōnaehana). Ke waiho pololei ʻia ka chemotherapy i loko o ka wai cerebrospinal, kahi hui, a i ʻole ke kino o ke kino e like me ka ʻōpū, ʻo nā lāʻau lapaʻau ka mea nui e hoʻopili i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai i kēlā mau wahi (chemotherapy āpau). Kāhea ʻia ka hana ʻana ma mua o hoʻokahi lāʻau anticancer i ka chemotherapy hui pū.

ʻO Chemoembolization o ke aʻa hepatic (ke aʻa nui e hāʻawi i ke koko i ke ake) he ʻano chemotherapy āpana i hoʻohana ʻia e mālama ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ate ʻōpio ʻaʻole hiki ke hemo ʻia e ke ʻoki. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka lāʻau anticancer i loko o ke aʻa hepatic ma o ka catheter (tube lahilahi). Hoʻohui ʻia ka lāʻau me kahi mea e ālai i ke aʻa, ʻoki ʻana i ke kahe o ke koko i ka tumo. Loaʻa ka hapa nui o ka lāʻau anticancer ma kahi kokoke i ka tumo a he wahi liʻiliʻi wale nō o ka lāʻau i hiki i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino. Hiki ke paʻa a paʻa paha ka paʻa, kaukaʻi ʻia i ka mea i hoʻohana ʻia e ālai i ke aʻa. Kāohi ʻia ka tumo mai ka loaʻa ʻana o ka oxygen a me nā meaola e pono ai e ulu. Hoʻomau ke akepaʻa e loaʻa ke koko mai ka hepatic portal vein, e hāpai i ke koko mai ka ʻōpū a me ka ʻōpū i ke ake.

Hāʻawi ʻia ke ala o ka chemotherapy i ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai e mālama ʻia a me ka hui PRETEXT a i ʻole POSTTEXT.

Lapaʻau hoʻomākala

ʻO ka radiation radiation kahi lāʻau maʻi maʻi maʻi e hoʻohana i nā kukuna x nui ikaika a i ʻole nā ​​ʻano radiation e hoʻomake i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai a mālama ʻole paha i ka ulu ʻana. ʻElua ʻano o radiation radiation:

• Hoʻohana ka radiation radiation kūwaho i kahi mīkini ma waho o ke kino e hoʻouna i ka radiation i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

• Hoʻohana ka radiation radiation i loko i kahi lāʻau radioactive i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā nila, nā hua, nā uea, a i ʻole nā ​​catheters i kau pololei ʻia i loko a kokoke paha i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

ʻO Radioembolization o ke aʻa hepatic (ke aʻa nui e hāʻawi i ke koko i ke ake) he ʻano o ka radiation radiation kūloko i hoʻohana ʻia e mālama ai i ka maʻi maʻi hepatocellular. Hoʻopili ʻia kahi mea liʻiliʻi loa o kahi mea radioactive i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ke aʻa hepatic ma o ka catheter (tube lahilahi). Hoʻohui ʻia nā lei me kahi mea e ālai i ke aʻa, ʻoki ʻana i ke kahe o ke koko i ka tumo. Hoʻopahele ʻia ka hapa nui o nā radiation ma kahi kokoke i ka tumo e hoʻomake i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. Hana ʻia kēia e hōʻoluʻolu i nā hōʻailona a hoʻomaikaʻi i ke ola o nā keiki me ka maʻi maʻi hepatocellular.

Hāʻawi ʻia ke ala o ka radiation radiation i ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai e mālama ʻia a me ka hui PRETEXT a i ʻole POSTTEXT. Hoʻohana ʻia ka radiation radiation kūwaho e mālama ai i ka hepatoblastoma i hiki ʻole ke hemo ʻia e ke ʻoki ʻana a i ʻole pālahalaha ʻia i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

ʻAha hoʻopau maʻi

Lawe a luku paha ʻo Ablada therapy i nāʻaʻaʻa. Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano ʻokoʻa o ka ablathapy therapy no ka maʻi ʻaʻai ate:

• Hoʻohuli Radiofrequency: Ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā nila kuikina i hoʻokomo pono ʻia ma o ka ʻili a i ʻole ma kahi incision i loko o ka ʻōpū e kiʻi i ka tumo. Hoʻonā ka nalu uila kiʻekiʻe-ikehu i nā nila a me nā tumo e luku ai i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. Hoʻohana ʻia ka Radiofrequency ablation e mālama i ka hepatoblastoma hou.

• Percutaneite ethanol injection: hoʻohana ʻia kahi nila kuʻikuʻi e hoʻopili pono i ka etanol (ʻalekoke maoli) i loko o kahi tumo e pepehi i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. Hoʻomaopopo paha ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa i kekahi mau injection. Ke hoʻohana ʻia nei ka injection etanol Percutane e mālama ai i ka hepatoblastoma hou.

Lapaʻau Antiviral

ʻO ka maʻi hepococularular i hoʻopili ʻia i ka maʻi hepatitis B hiki ke mālama ʻia me nā lāʻau antiviral.

Ke hoʻāʻo ʻia nei nā ʻano lapaʻau hou i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.

Hōʻike kēia ʻāpana hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo i nā mālama e hoʻopaʻa ʻia nei i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua. ʻAʻole paha ia e ʻōlelo i kēlā me kēia lapaʻau hou e hoʻopaʻa ʻia ana. Loaʻa nā ʻike e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua mai ka pūnaewele NCI.

Pahuhopu kau ʻia

ʻO ka therapy target kahi ʻano lapaʻau e hoʻohana i nā lāʻau a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻē aʻe e hoʻouka i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻO ke kāohi ʻo Tyrosine kinase (TKI) kahi ʻano o ka hoʻomōhala ʻia. Paʻa nā TKI i nā hōʻailona pono no ka ulu ʻana o nā tumors. ʻO Sorafenib a me pazopanib nā TKI e aʻo ʻia nei no ka mālama ʻana i ka carcinoma hepatocellular i hoʻi mai a ʻike hou ʻia he sarcoma embryonal embryonal o ke akepaʻa.

Makemake paha nā mea maʻi e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana.

No kekahi mau mea maʻi, ke komo nei i ka hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ke koho lapaʻau maikaʻi loa paha. ʻO nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua kahi ʻāpana o ka noiʻi ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e ʻike inā palekana a maikaʻi a maikaʻi paha nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa maʻi ʻaʻai ma mua o ka maʻamau maʻamau.

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā hana maʻamau no ka maʻi ʻaʻai i kau ʻia ma nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua mua. ʻO nā mea maʻi i komo i ka hoʻokolokolo hoʻokolohua hiki ke loaʻa i ka lāʻau maʻamau a i ʻole i waena o nā mea mua i loaʻa kahi lāʻau hou.

ʻO nā mea maʻi i komo i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua kōkua pū kekahi i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ka wā e hiki mai ana. ʻOiai ʻaʻole nā ​​alakaʻi hoʻokolohua e alakaʻi i nā hoʻoponopono hou maikaʻi, pane pinepine lākou i nā nīnau nui a kōkua i ka neʻe i mua o ka noiʻi.

Hiki i nā mea maʻi ke komo i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ma mua, i ka wā, a ma hope paha o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i kā lākou mālama maʻi ʻaʻai.

Hoʻopili wale kekahi mau hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua i nā mea maʻi i loaʻa ʻole ka lapaʻau. ʻO nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe e hōʻoia i nā mālama ʻana no ka poʻe maʻi i loaʻa ʻole ka maikaʻi o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Aia kekahi mau hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e hoʻāʻo i nā ala hou e hōʻoki i ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai ka hoʻi hou ʻana (hoʻi ʻana) a hōʻemi paha i nā hopena o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Ke mālama ʻia nei nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ma nā wahi he nui o ka ʻāina. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka ʻike e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e kākoʻo ʻia e NCI ma ka pūnaewele ʻimi noiʻi hoʻokolohua a NCI. Hiki ke loaʻa nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua i kākoʻo ʻia e nā hui ʻē aʻe ma ka pūnaewele ClinicalTrials.gov.

Pono paha nā hoʻokolohua ukali.

ʻO kekahi o nā hoʻokolohua i hana ʻia e ʻike pono ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻai a i ʻole e ʻike i ka hui hoʻomaʻamaʻa e hana hou ʻia paha. E hana hou ʻia kekahi mau hoʻokolohua e ʻike i ke ʻano o ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana. Hoʻoholo ʻia nā hoʻoholo e pili ana inā e hoʻomau, hoʻololi, a kū paha i ka lāʻau ʻana ma nā hopena o kēia mau hoʻāʻo.

E hoʻomau ʻia kekahi o nā hoʻokolohua mai kēlā me kēia manawa ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka lāʻau. Hiki i nā hopena o kēia mau hoʻāʻo ke hōʻike inā ua loli kou ʻano a i ʻole inā ua hoʻi hou ke kanesa. Kapa ʻia kēia mau hoʻāʻo i kekahi manawa nā hoʻokolohua ukali a i ʻole nā ​​loiloi.

Nā koho lapaʻau no ka maʻi ʻōpū o ke ake kamaliʻi

Ma keia Pauku

• Hepatoblastoma

• ʻO Hepatocellular Carcinoma

• ʻO ka Sarcoma Embryonal Undifferentiated o ke ake

• ʻO Choriocarcinoma Infantile o ke ake

• ʻO nā Tumuna Mokuna Vascular

• ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpio hou

• Nā koho lapaʻau i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua

No ka ʻike e pili ana i nā lāʻau i helu ʻia ma lalo, e ʻike i ka ʻaoʻao Overtion Option Overview.

Hepatoblastoma

Nā koho lapaʻau no ka hepatoblastoma i hiki ke hemo ʻia e ke ʻoki ʻana i ka manawa o ke kuhi ke komo pū i kēia mau mea penei:

• Hoʻopau ke ʻoki e wehe i ka tumo, a ukali ʻia e ka chemotherapy hui pū ʻia no ka maʻi hepatoblastoma ʻaʻole i hoʻokaʻawale maikaʻi ʻia i ka mōʻaukala fetal. No ka maʻi hepatoblastoma me ka histology liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, hāʻawi ʻia ka chemotherapy ikaika.

• ʻO ke ʻoki e wehe i ka tumo, a ukali ʻia e ke kali kiaʻi ʻana a chemotherapy paha, no ka maʻi hepatoblastoma me ka histology fetal ʻokoʻa ʻokoʻa.

Nā koho lapaʻau no ka maʻi hepatoblastoma i hiki ʻole ke hemo ʻia e ke ʻoki ʻana a i ʻole lawe ʻia i ka manawa o ke kuhi e komo pū paha kēia mau mea penei:

• Hoʻohui ʻia ka chemotherapy e hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ka tumor, a ukali ʻia e ke kahakaha e wehe ai i ka tumo.

• Hoʻohui chemotherapy, ukali ʻia e kahi transplant ake.

• ʻO Chemoembolization o ke aʻa hepatic e hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ka tumor, a ukali ʻia e ke kahakaha e wehe ai i ka tumo.

• Inā hiki ʻole ke hemo i ke akepaʻa i ke akepaʻa akā ʻaʻohe hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino, hiki ke mālama ʻia he hoʻoliʻiliʻi ate.

No ka maʻi hepatoblastoma i pālahalaha aku i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino i ka manawa o ke kuhi, hāʻawi ʻia ka chemotherapy hui e hoʻoliʻiliʻi i nā tumors i ke akepaʻa a me ka maʻi ʻaʻai i hoʻolaha ʻia i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino. Ma hope o ka chemotherapy, hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi e nānā inā hiki ke lawe ʻia i nā tumors e ke ʻoki.

Hiki i nā koho lapaʻau ke hoʻopili i kēia mau mea:

• Inā hiki ke hemo ka tumo i ke akepaʻa a me nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino (ʻo ka maʻa mau nodule i loko o ka akemāhā, e hana ʻia ke kīpē e wehe ai i nā ʻōpuʻu e ukali ʻia e chemotherapy e pepehi ai i nā hunaola maʻi ʻea e koe paha.

• Inā ʻaʻole hiki ke hemo ka tumo i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino a i ʻole hiki ʻole ke hoʻoneʻe ʻia ke ake, hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia ka chemotherapy, chemoembolization o ke aʻa hepatic, a i ʻole radiation radiation.

• Inā ʻaʻole hiki ke hemo ka tumo i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino a makemake ʻole ka mea maʻi i ke ʻoki, hāʻawi ʻia paha ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka radiofrequency.

Nā koho lapaʻau i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua no ka maʻi hepatoblastoma hou i loaʻa:

• ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o ka chemotherapy a me ke kahakaha.

ʻO Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Nā koho lapaʻau no ka maʻi maʻi hepatocellular i hiki ke hemo ʻia e ke ʻoki ʻana i ka manawa o ke kuhi ke komo pū i kēia mau mea penei:

• ʻO ke kaha wale nō e hemo i ka tumo.

• ʻO ke ʻoki kino e hemo ai i ka tumo, a ukali ʻia e chemotherapy.

• Hoʻohui chemotherapy, a ukali ʻia e ke kahakaha e wehe ai i ka tumo.

Nā koho lapaʻau no ka maʻi maʻi hepatocellular i hiki ʻole ke hemo ʻia e ke ʻoki ʻana a ʻaʻole i pālahalaha ʻia i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino i ka manawa o ke kuhi e komo pū ai kēia:

• Chemotherapy e hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ka tumer, a ukali ʻia e ke kaha ʻana e hoʻopau loa i ka tumo.

• Chemotherapy e hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ka tumo. Inā hiki ʻole ke ʻoki e hemo loa i ka tumo, hoʻohui pū ʻia ka hana hou me kēia:

• Ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi ate.

• Chemoembolization o ka hepatic artery e hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ka tumor, a ukali ʻia e ke kahakaha e wehe ai i ka tumo a i ʻole ke neʻe ʻana o ke ake.

• ʻO Chemoembolization o ke aʻa hepatic wale nō.

• Chemoembolization ukali ʻia e ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi ate.

• ʻO Radioembolization o ke aʻa hepatic ma ke ʻano he palliative therapy e hōʻoluʻolu i nā hōʻailona a hoʻomaikaʻi i ke ʻano o ke ola.

ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana no ka maʻi maʻi hepatocellular i pāhola ʻia i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino i ka manawa o ke kuhi e komo pū paha:

• Hoʻohui ʻia ka chemotherapy e hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ka tumo, a ukali ʻia e ke kahakaha e hoʻoneʻe ai i ka nui o ka tumo e hiki ai mai ke ake a me nā wahi ʻē aʻe kahi i laha aku ai ka maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻAʻole hōʻike ʻia nā noiʻi e holo pono ana kēia hana akā loaʻa paha i kekahi mau maʻi i kahi pōmaikaʻi.

Nā koho lapaʻau ʻana no ka maʻi ʻoihana hepatocellular e pili ana i ka maʻi hepatitis B (HBV) me:

• ʻOki kino e wehe i ka hikoko.

• Nā lāʻau lapaʻau Antiviral e mālama i ka maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi hepatitis B.

Nā koho lapaʻau ʻana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua no ka carcinoma hepatocellular hou i ʻike ʻia:

• ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o ka chemotherapy a me ke kahakaha.

ʻO ka Sarcoma Embryonal Undifferentiated o ke ake

Nā koho lapaʻau no ka sarcoma embryonal embryonal o ke akepaʻa e hoʻopili pū i kēia mau mea:

• Hoʻohui ʻia ka chemotherapy e hōʻemi i ka tumo, a ukali ʻia e ke kahakaha e hoʻoneʻe ai i ka nui o ka tumo i hiki. Hāʻawi pū ʻia ʻo Chemotherapy ma hope o ke kaha ʻana e wehe i ka tumo.

• ʻO ke ʻoki kino e hemo ai i ka tumo, a ukali ʻia e chemotherapy. Hana ʻia kahi ʻoki ʻelua e wehe i nā tumo i koe, a ukali ʻia e ka chemotherapy hou aʻe.

• ʻO ke kuʻi ate inā hiki ʻole ke ʻoki e wehe i ka tumo.

• ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o kahi hana hoʻoponopono hou i hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia i ka lāʻau hoʻomoe (pazopanib), chemotherapy a me / a i ʻole radiation radiation ma mua o ke kahakaha ʻana.

ʻO Choriocarcinoma Infantile o ke ake

ʻO nā koho lapaʻau no ka choriocarcinoma o ke ake i nā pēpē e hoʻopili pū paha i kēia mau mea:

• Hoʻohui ʻia ka chemotherapy e hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ka tumor, a ukali ʻia e ke kahakaha e wehe ai i ka tumo.

• ʻOki kino e wehe i ka hikoko.

ʻO nā Tumuna Mokuna Vascular

E ʻike i ka hōʻuluʻulu e pili ana i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā Tumors Vascular Tumors no ka ʻike e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana i nā tumora vascular ate.

ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpio hou

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka hepatoblastoma holomua a i ʻole hoʻi e komo pū i kēia mau mea:

• Hoʻopau ke ʻoki e wehe i nā tumors metastatic (kaʻawale a kaʻawale) me ka ʻole o ka chemotherapy.

• Hoʻokiʻiliʻi Radiofrequency.

• Hoʻohui chemotherapy.

• Ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi ate.

• ʻO Ablapy therapy (radiofrequency ablasi a i ʻole percutanean ethanol injection) ma ke ʻano he palliative therapy e hōʻoluʻolu i nā ʻōuli a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ke ola.

• ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e nānā i kahi laʻana o ka tumo o ka mea maʻi no kekahi ʻano loli. ʻO ke ʻano o ka hoʻomālama ʻia e hāʻawi ʻia i ka mea maʻi e pili ana i ka ʻano o ka loli.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka carcinoma hepatocellular Holomua a i ʻole hoʻi hou paha e hoʻopili i kēia mau mea:

• Chemoembolization o ka hepatic artery e hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ka tumor ma mua o ke kaʻi ʻana o ke ake.

• Ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi ate.

• ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o ka lāʻau hoʻomākaukau (sorafenib).

• ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e nānā i kahi laʻana o ka tumo o ka mea maʻi no kekahi ʻano loli. ʻO ke ʻano o ka hoʻomālama ʻia e hāʻawi ʻia i ka mea maʻi e pili ana i ka ʻano o ka loli.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka sarcoma embryonal undifferentiated recurrent o ke akepaʻa e hoʻopili pū i kēia mau mea:

• ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e nānā i kahi laʻana o ka tumo o ka mea maʻi no kekahi ʻano loli. ʻO ke ʻano o ka hoʻomālama ʻia e hāʻawi ʻia i ka mea maʻi e pili ana i ka ʻano o ka loli.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka choriocarcinoma hou o ke ake i nā pēpē e hoʻopili pū paha i kēia mau mea:

• ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e nānā i kahi laʻana o ka tumo o ka mea maʻi no kekahi ʻano loli. ʻO ke ʻano o ka hoʻomālama ʻia e hāʻawi ʻia i ka mea maʻi e pili ana i ka ʻano o ka loli.

Nā koho lapaʻau i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua

E hoʻohana i kā mākou ʻimi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e ʻike i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua maʻi maʻi i kākoʻo ʻia e NCI e ʻae nei i nā mea maʻi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻimi i nā hoʻāʻo e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ka makahiki o ka mea hoʻomanawanui, a kahi e hana ʻia ai nā hoʻokolokolo. Loaʻa nā ʻike laulā e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.

E aʻo hou e pili ana i ka maʻi hānai ʻōpio

No ka ʻike hou aku mai ka National Cancer Institute e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ate kamaliʻi, e ʻike i kēia:

• ʻAoʻao Pīpī Kanalehua a me Bile Duct

• Computers Tomography (CT) Scans a me ka maʻi ʻaʻai

• MyPART - ʻO kaʻu Pediatric a me nā mākua ʻo ka Launa Tumor Rare

No ka ʻike hou aku i ka maʻi ʻaʻai kamaliʻi a me nā kumuwaiwai maʻi ʻaʻai ʻē aʻe, e ʻike i ka mea aʻe:

• E pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai

• Nā maʻi ʻōpio

• Huli ʻo Cure no ka hōʻole ʻana i nā maʻi ʻaʻai keiki

• Nā hopena hope loa o ka mālama ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai kamaliʻi

• ʻO nā ʻōpio a me nā ʻōpio me ka maʻi ʻaʻai

• Nā keiki me ka maʻi ʻaʻai: He alakaʻi no nā mākua

• Ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio

• Ke hoʻokū nei

• Ke kāohi nei i ka maʻi ʻaʻai

• Nā nīnau e nīnau ai i kāu kauka e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai

• No nā mea ola a me nā mea mālama