Nā ʻano / ate / hoʻomanawanui / makua-ate-lapaʻau-pdq

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻōpū ʻōpio makua ʻōpio

ʻO ka ʻike pili e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai makua makua

NA MANA KUNI

• ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpio makua mua kahi maʻi kahi maʻi maʻi (maʻi ʻaʻai) i kūkulu ʻia i loko o nā aʻa o ke ake.

• ʻElua ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai maʻi mua makua.

• Loaʻa ka maʻi hepitis a i ʻole cirrhosis i ka hopena o ka maʻi ʻaʻa maʻi makua mua.

• ʻO nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli o ke kanesa maʻi ʻōpio mua me nā puʻupuʻu a i ʻole ʻeha ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau.

• Hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻāʻo e nānā i ke akepaʻa a me ke koko e ʻike (loaʻa) a ʻike ʻia i ka maʻi ʻaʻa ʻōkē mua o nā mākua.

• Kū kekahi mau kumu i ka wānana (kahi o ke ola ʻana) a me nā koho lapaʻau.

ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpio makua mua kahi maʻi kahi maʻi maʻi (maʻi ʻaʻai) i kūkulu ʻia i loko o nā aʻa o ke ake.

ʻO ke akepaʻa kekahi o nā mea nui i loko o ke kino. ʻElua ona lobes a hoʻopiha i ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau i luna o ka ʻōpū ma loko o ka iwi ʻaoʻao. ʻEkolu o nā hana nui a ke akepaʻa:

• E kānana i nā mea hōʻino mai ke koko i hiki ai iā lākou ke hele aʻe mai ke kino i nā noho a me ka mimi.

• E hana i ka bile e kōkua i ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka momona mai ka meaʻai.

• E mālama i ka glycogen (kō), e hoʻohana ai ke kino no ka ikehu.

Anatomia o ke ake. Aia ke akepaʻa i luna o ka ʻōpū ma kahi kokoke i ka ʻōpū, nā ʻōpū, kahe, a me nā pancreas. He ʻāpana ʻākau ko ka akepaʻa a me kahi ʻāpā hema. Māhele ʻia kēlā me kēia ʻāpana i ʻelua mau ʻāpana (ʻaʻole i hōʻike ʻia).

ʻElua ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai maʻi mua makua.

ʻO nā ʻano ʻelua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ake makua mua:

• ʻO ka maʻi maʻi hepococularular.

• Cholangiocarcinoma (maʻi ʻaʻai bile). (E ʻike i ka hōʻuluʻulu ma ka maʻi ʻo Bile Duct Cancer (Cholangiocarcinoma) no ka ʻike hou aku.)

ʻO ke ʻano maʻamau o ke kanesa maʻi ʻōpio mua loa ka maʻi kanesa hepatocellular. ʻO kēia ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai ate ke kolu o nā kumu o ka make pili i ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ka honua holoʻokoʻa.

ʻO kēia hōʻuluʻulu e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ate mua (maʻi ʻaʻai e hoʻomaka i ke ake). ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai e hoʻomaka i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino a pāhola i ke akepaʻa ʻaʻole i uhi ʻia i kēia hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo.

Hiki ke kū i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ate ma nā mākua a me nā keiki. Eia nō naʻe, ʻokoʻa ka mālama ʻana i nā keiki ma mua o ka mālama ʻana i nā mākua. (E ʻike i ka hōʻuluʻulu e pili ana i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai akepau no ka ʻike hou aku.)

Loaʻa ka maʻi hepitis a i ʻole cirrhosis i ka hopena o ka maʻi ʻaʻa maʻi makua mua.

ʻO nā mea āpau e hoʻonui i kou manawa e loaʻa ai kahi maʻi i kapa ʻia he kumu weliweli. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi mea pilikia ʻaʻole ia he kumu e loaʻa ʻoe i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻaʻohe o nā kumu pilikia ʻaʻole ia he kumu ʻaʻole ʻoe e loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka inā manaʻo ʻoe hiki i ka makaʻu no ka maʻi ʻaʻai ate.

ʻO nā kumu pilikia no ka maʻi ʻaʻai ate me kēia mau mea:

• Loaʻa i ka maʻi hepatitis B a i ʻole hepatitis C. Loaʻa i ka maʻi hepitis B a me ka hepatitis C ka mea i ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia.

Loaʻa i ka cirrhosis.

• Hoʻohana nui i ka waiʻona. Hoʻohana ka waiʻona nui a loaʻa ka maʻi hepatitis B e hoʻonui ai i ka makaʻu.

• ʻO ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai i poke ʻia me ka aflatoxin (lāʻau make mai kahi fungus e hiki ke ulu i nā meaʻai, e like me nā hua a me nā hua hua, ʻaʻole i mālama pono ʻia).

• Loaʻa ka steatohepatitis nonalcoholic (NASH), kahi ʻano e kūkulu ʻia ai ka momona i ke akepaʻa a hiki ke holomua i ka mumū o ke akepaʻa a me ka hōʻino ʻana o ke aʻa ate.

• Ke hoʻohana ʻana i ka paka, e like me ka puhipaka ʻana.

• Loaʻa i kekahi mau maʻi hoʻoilina a manuahi paha e hōʻino ai i ke ake, me kēia mau mea:

• ʻO hemochromatosis hoʻoilina, kahi maʻi hoʻoilina kahi e mālama ai ke kino i ka hao ma mua o ka mea e pono ai. Mālama nui ʻia ka hao keu i ka akepaʻa, ka puʻuwai, pancreas, ka ʻili, a me nā ami.

• ʻO ka hemahema Alpha-1 antitrypsin, kahi maʻi hoʻoilina e hiki ai ke hōʻeha i ka maʻi ate a me ka lung.

• ʻO ka maʻi mālama glycogen, kahi maʻi i hoʻoilina ʻia a aia nā pilikia me kahi ʻano o ka glucose (kō) i kapa ʻia ʻo glycogen a mālama ʻia i loko o ke kino.

• ʻO Porphyria cutanea tarda, kahi maʻi laha ʻole e hoʻopili i ka ʻili a hōʻeha i nā ʻehaʻeha ma nā ʻāpana o ke kino i kū i ka lā, e like me nā lima, nā lima, a me ka helehelena. Hiki pū kekahi nā pilikia o ka ake.

• ʻO ka maʻi ʻo Wilson, kahi ʻano maʻi hoʻoilina liʻiliʻi kahi e mālama ai ke kino i ke keleawe he nui ma mua o ka pono. Mālama ʻia ke keleawe keu i ke akepaʻa, ka lolo, nā maka, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

ʻO nā makahiki ʻelemakule ka pilikia nui o ka nui o nā maʻi ʻaʻai. Hoʻonui ka manawa o ka loaʻa ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai i kou ʻelemakule ʻana.

ʻO nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli o ke kanesa maʻi ʻōpio mua me nā puʻupuʻu a i ʻole ʻeha ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau.

ʻO kēia a me nā ʻōuli a me nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe i kumu ʻia e ka maʻi ʻaʻai maʻi mua makua a i ʻole nā ​​kūlana ʻē aʻe. E hōʻoia me kāu kauka inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau mea:

• ʻO kahi puʻupuʻu paʻakikī ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau ma lalo pono o ka iwi ʻaoʻao.

• ʻO ka hōʻoluʻolu ʻole i ka ʻōpū luna ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau.

• He ʻōpū pehu.

• ʻO ka ʻeha ma kahi o ka poʻohiwi poʻohiwi ʻākau a i ʻole ka hope.

• Jaundice (melemele o ka ʻili a keʻokeʻo o nā maka).

• Pākuʻi maʻalahi a hoʻokahe paha.

• Ka luhi luhi ʻole a nawaliwali paha.

• ʻO Nusea a me ka luaʻi.

• Loaʻa ka ʻai a i ʻole nā ​​manaʻo o ka piha ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana i kahi pāʻina liʻiliʻi.

• ʻO ka hōʻemi kaumaha no ke kumu ʻole.

• ʻO Pale, nā neʻe chalky a me ka mimi ʻeleʻele.

• Fiva.

Hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻāʻo e nānā i ke akepaʻa a me ke koko e ʻike (loaʻa) a ʻike ʻia i ka maʻi ʻaʻa ʻōkē mua o nā mākua.

Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻāʻo a me nā kaʻina hana aʻe:

• ʻO ka hoʻāʻo kino a me ka mōʻaukala: kahi hōʻike o ke kino e nānā i nā hōʻailona laulā o ke olakino, e like me ka nānā ʻana i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi, e like me nā puʻupuʻu a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻē aʻe e ʻano ʻē. E lawe ʻia kahi moʻolelo o nā ʻano olakino o ka mea maʻi a me nā maʻi i hala a me nā mālama ʻana.

• Hōʻaʻike hōʻailona tumoma serum: kahi hana e nānā ʻia ai kahi laʻana o ke koko e ana i ka nui o kekahi mau mea i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i loko o ke koko e nā ʻokena, nāʻaʻaʻa, a i ʻole nā ​​hunaola tumele i ke kino Hoʻopili ʻia kekahi mau mea i kekahi ʻano ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai ke loaʻa i nā pae hoʻonui ʻia i ke koko. Kapa ʻia kēia mau mea he tumers mark. ʻO ka nui o ka alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) i hoʻonui ʻia i ke koko he hōʻailona ia o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ate. ʻO nā maʻi ʻino ʻē aʻe a me kekahi mau ʻano noncancerous, me cirrhosis a me ka maʻi hepa, e hoʻonui pū paha i nā pae o ka AFP. I kekahi manawa maʻamau ka pae o ka AFP ʻoiai ke loaʻa ka maʻi ʻaʻai ate.

• Nā ho'āʻo hana ate: kahi kaʻina e nānā ʻia kahi laʻana koko e ana i ka nui o kekahi mau mea i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i loko o ke koko e ke ake. ʻO kahi kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka nui maʻamau o kahi mea hiki ke lilo i hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ate.

• CT scan (CAT scan): Kahi hana e hana ai i ka moʻo o nā kiʻi kikoʻī o nā wahi i loko o ke kino, e like me ka ʻōpū, i lawe ʻia mai nā ʻaoʻao ʻokoʻa. Hana ʻia nā kiʻi e kahi kamepiula i hoʻopili ʻia i kahi mīkini x-ray. Hoʻokomo ʻia paha ke kala i loko o ke aa a i ʻole ale ʻia e kōkua i nā ʻōpū a i ʻole nā ​​kino i hōʻike hou aku me ka maopopo. Kāhea ʻia kēia kaʻina hana he tomography i helu ʻia, kamepiula tomography, a i ʻole he tomography axial computerized. Hiki ke kiʻi ʻia i nā kiʻi i ʻekolu mau manawa ma hope o ka ʻume ʻana o ka kala, e kiʻi ai i ke kiʻi ʻoi loa o nā wahi ʻino ma ke akepaʻa. Kāhea ʻia kēia he triple-phase CT. Hana kahi CT CT spiral a helical paha i kahi kiʻi o nā kiʻi kikoʻī loa o nā wahi i loko o ke kino e hoʻohana ana i ka mīkini x-ray e nānā i ke kino i kahi ala ʻoni.

• MRI (magnetic resonance imaging): Kahi hana e hoʻohana ai i ka magnet, nā nalu lekiō, a me kahi kamepiula e hana i nā kiʻi kikoʻī o nā wahi i loko o ke kino, e like me ke ake. Kāhea ʻia kēia kaʻina hana he kiʻi nukelea kiʻi resonance (NMRI). E hana i nā kiʻi kikoʻī o nā kīʻaha koko i loko a kokoke i ke ake, hoʻokomo ʻia ka kala i loko o ke aa koko. Kapa ʻia kēia kaʻina hana ʻo MRA (magnetic resonance angiography). Hiki ke kiʻi ʻia i nā kiʻi i ʻekolu mau manawa ma hope o ka ʻume ʻana o ka kala, e kiʻi ai i ke kiʻi ʻoi loa o nā wahi ʻino ma ke akepaʻa. Kapa ʻia kēia MRIʻekolu.

• ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o Ultrasound: kahi kaʻina hana e kipaku ʻia ai nā nalu kani ikaika (ultrasound) mai nā aʻa a i ʻole nā ​​ʻola a hana i nā leo. Hoʻokumu nā leo i kahi kiʻi o nā kino o ke kino i kapa ʻia he sonogram. Hiki ke paʻi ʻia ke kiʻi e nānā ma hope.

• ʻO Biopsy: Ka lawe ʻia ʻana o nā pūnaewele a i ʻole nāʻaʻaʻa i hiki ai iā lākou ke ʻike ma lalo o kahi microscope e kahi pathologist e nānā i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Nā hana i hoʻohana ʻia e hōʻiliʻili i ka hāpana o nā hunaola a i ʻole nāʻaʻaʻa e komo i kēia:

• ʻO ka biopsy aspiration o ka nila-maikaʻi: Ka hemo ʻana o nā hunaola, nā aʻa a i ʻole ka wai e hoʻohana ana i ka nila kuina.

• ʻO ka biopsy o ka nila nui: ʻO ka hemo ʻana o nā pūnaewele a i ʻole nā ​​ʻano i hoʻohana ʻia i kahi nila kuʻi ākea.

• Laparoscopy: Ke kaʻina hana e nānā i nā mea o loko o ka ʻōpū e nānā i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi. Hana ʻia nā ʻoki liʻiliʻi (ʻoki) i ka paia o ka ʻōpū a hoʻokomo ʻia kahi laparoscope (kahi wīwī lahilahi, kukui) i hoʻokahi o nā ʻokiʻoki. Hoʻokomo ʻia kekahi mea kani e ka mea like a i ʻole kahi ʻokiʻoki e kāpae i nā laʻana kiko.

ʻAʻole koi ʻia kahi biopsy e ʻike pono i nā maʻi ʻaʻai ate mua.

Kū kekahi mau kumu i ka wānana (kahi o ke ola ʻana) a me nā koho lapaʻau.

ʻO ka wānana (loaʻa o ke ola) a me nā koho lapaʻau e pili i kēia:

• ʻO ke kahua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai (ka nui o ka tumo, pili paha i ka ʻāpana a i ʻole ke ake āpau, a i ʻole pālahalaha ʻia i nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ke kino).

• Pehea ka maikaʻi o ka hana a ke ake.

• ʻO ke olakino olakino o ka mea maʻi, ʻoiai he cirrhosis o ke ake.

Nā pae o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ake makua makua

NA MANA KUNI

• Ma hope o ke kuhi ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōkua mua, hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua e ʻike inā ua pāhola nā hunaola maʻi ʻōpū i loko o ke akepaʻa a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

• ʻEkolu ala e hoʻolaha ai ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ke kino.

• E laha paha ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai kahi i hoʻomaka ai i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

• Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻōnaehana maʻi ʻōpala ʻo Barcelona Clinic e hoʻonoho ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻai akepau mua.

• Hoʻohana ʻia nā hui aʻe e hoʻolālā i ka lāʻau.

• Hana ʻo BCLC i nā pae 0, A, a me B

• BCLC pae o C a me D

Ma hope o ke kuhi ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōkua mua, hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua e ʻike inā ua pāhola nā hunaola maʻi ʻōpū i loko o ke akepaʻa a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

ʻO ke kaʻina hana e ʻike inā ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ke ake a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino i kapa ʻia he staging. ʻO ka ʻikepili i hōʻiliʻili ʻia mai ke kaʻina hana e hoʻoholo ai i ka pae o ka maʻi. He mea nui ia e ʻike i ke kahua i mea e hoʻolālā ai i ka lāʻau. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua aʻe a me nā kaʻina hana i ke kaʻina hoʻonohonoho:

• CT scan (CAT scan): Ke kaʻina hana e hana i kahi moʻo o nā kiʻi kikoʻī o nā wahi i loko o ke kino, e like me ka umauma, ʻōpū, a me nā pelvis, i lawe ʻia mai nā kihi ʻokoʻa. Hana ʻia nā kiʻi e kahi kamepiula i hoʻopili ʻia i kahi mīkini x-ray. Hoʻokomo ʻia paha ke kala i loko o ke aa a i ʻole ale ʻia e kōkua i nā ʻōpū a i ʻole nā ​​kino i hōʻike hou aku me ka maopopo. Kāhea ʻia kēia kaʻina hana he tomography i helu ʻia, kamepiula tomography, a i ʻole he tomography axial computerized.

• MRI (kiʻi resonance ʻume mākenēki): kahi hana e hoʻohana ai i ka magnet, nā nalu lekiō, a me kahi kamepiula e hana i kahi moʻo o nā kiʻi kikoʻī o nā wahi i loko o ke kino. Kāhea ʻia kēia kaʻina hana he kiʻi nukelea kiʻi resonance (NMRI).

• PET scan (positron emission tomography scan): kahi hana e loaʻa ai nā puʻupuʻu tumo malignant i loko o ke kino. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi liʻiliʻi o ka glucose radioactive (kō) i loko o kahi aa koko. Hoʻopili ka scanner PET a puni ke kino a hana i kahi kiʻi o kahi e hoʻohana ʻia ai ka glucose i ke kino. ʻOi aku ka mālamalama o nā hunaola tumo ma ke kiʻi no ka mea ʻoi aku ka hana a lawe i ka glucose ma mua o ka hana ʻana o nā hunaola maʻamau.

ʻEkolu ala e hoʻolaha ai ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ke kino.

• Hiki ke pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma o nā meaola, ka ʻōnaehana lymph, a me ke koko.

• Kāpena. Hoʻolahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai kahi i hoʻomaka ai i ka ulu ʻana i nā wahi kokoke.

• ʻŌnaehana Lymph. Hoʻolahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai kahi i hoʻomaka ai i ke komo ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana lymph. Hele ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o nā kīʻaha lymph i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino. Hoʻolahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai kahi i hoʻomaka ai i ke komo ʻana i ke koko. Hele ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma o nā kīʻaha koko i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

E laha paha ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai kahi i hoʻomaka ai i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

Ke pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i kekahi ʻāpana o ke kino, ua kapa ʻia ia ʻo metastasis. E haki nā hunaola maʻi 'aʻai mai kahi a lākou i hoʻomaka ai (ka tumo mua) a hele i loko o ka ʻōnaehana lymph a i ʻole ke koko.

• ʻŌnaehana Lymph. Komo ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ka ʻōnaehana lymph, hele ma waena o nā kīʻaha lymph, a hana i kahi tumo (tumo metastatic) i kekahi ʻāpana o ke kino.

• Koko. Komo ke kanesa i loko o ke koko, hele ma waena o nā kīʻaha koko, a hana i kahi tumo (tumo metastatic) i kekahi ʻāpana o ke kino.

ʻO ka tumo metastatic ka ʻano like o ke kanesa me ka tumo mua. ʻO kahi laʻana, inā pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai mua i ke akemāmā, ʻo nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ka akemāmā he mau pūnaʻi maʻi ʻaʻai ate. ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai ate metastatic, ʻaʻole ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā.

Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻōnaehana maʻi ʻōpala ʻo Barcelona Clinic e hoʻonoho ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻai akepau mua.

Aia kekahi mau ʻōnaehana hoʻonohonoho no ka maʻi ʻaʻai ate. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka ʻōnaehana hoʻonohonoho maʻi ʻo Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) a wehewehe ʻia ma lalo. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻōnaehana e wānana i ka manawa o ka mea maʻi e ola ai a e hoʻolālā i ka lāʻau, e like me ka mea aʻe:

• Inā ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ke akepaʻa a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

• Pehea ka maikaʻi o ka hana a ke ake.

• ʻO ke olakino olakino a me ke olakino o ka mea maʻi.

• Nā ʻōuli i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

ʻElima hanana o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻonohonoho BCLC:

• Kahua 0: kakahiaka nui loa

• Kahua A: Kahiaka

• Kahua B: waena

• Kahua C: Pae holomua

• Kahua D: Ke kahua hopena

Hoʻohana ʻia nā hui aʻe e hoʻolālā i ka lāʻau.

Hana ʻo BCLC i nā pae 0, A, a me B

Hāʻawi ʻia ka lapaʻau e hoʻōla i ka maʻi ʻaʻai no BCLC pae 0, A, a me B.

BCLC pae o C a me D

Hāʻawi ʻia ka mālama ʻana e hōʻoluʻolu i nā ʻōuli i hopena ʻia e ka maʻi ʻaʻai akepau a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ke ola o ka mea maʻi no BCLC pae C a me D. ʻAʻole hiki i nā lapaʻau ke hōʻola i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻa ʻōiwi makua makua hou

ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻa ʻōiwi makua mua hoʻi he maʻi ʻaʻai i hoʻi hou (hoʻi) ma hope o ka mālama ʻia ʻana. E hoʻi paha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ke akepaʻa a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

Laulā Manaʻo Option Oponopono

NA MANA KUNI

• Aia nā ʻano like ʻole o ka mālama ʻana no nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai nui mua.

• ʻO nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai ate e mālama ʻia e kahi hui o nā loea i loea i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ate.

• Hoʻohana ʻia ʻewalu mau ʻano o ka maʻamau maʻamau:

• Nānā

• ʻOki kino

• Ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi ate

• ʻAha hoʻopau maʻi

• Embolization therapy

• Pahuhopu kau ʻia

• Immunotherapy

• Lapaʻau hoʻomākala

• Ke hoʻāʻo ʻia nei nā ʻano lapaʻau hou i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.

• ʻO ka mālama ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai ake makua makua e kumu i nā hopena ʻaoʻao.

• Makemake paha nā mea maʻi e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana.

• Hiki i nā mea maʻi ke komo i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ma mua, i ka wā, a ma hope paha o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i kā lākou mālama maʻi ʻaʻai.

• Pono paha nā hoʻokolohua ukali.

Aia nā ʻano like ʻole o ka mālama ʻana no nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai nui mua.

Loaʻa nā ʻano lapaʻau like ʻole no nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai nui mua. Kūlana maʻamau kekahi mau hōʻailona (ʻo ka lāʻau i hoʻohana ʻia i kēia manawa), a ʻo kekahi e hoʻāʻo ʻia nei i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua. ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua lapaʻau kahi noiʻi noiʻi i manaʻo ʻia e kōkua i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā mālama ʻana i kēia manawa a i ʻole loaʻa ka ʻike e pili ana i nā mālama hou no nā maʻi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Ke hōʻike nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kahi lapaʻau hou ma mua o ka maʻamau maʻamau, lilo paha ka lāʻau hou i ka lapaʻau maʻamau. Makemake paha nā mea maʻi e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana. ʻO kekahi mau hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e hāmama wale i nā mea maʻi i hoʻomaka ʻole i ka lāʻau.

ʻO nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai ate e mālama ʻia e kahi hui o nā loea i loea i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ate.

Mālama ʻia ka mālama ʻana o ka mea maʻi e ka lāʻau lapaʻau oncologist, he kauka i loea i ka mālama ʻana i ka poʻe me ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Hiki i ke kauka lāʻau lapaʻau ke kuhikuhi i ka mea maʻi i nā ʻoihana olakino ʻē aʻe i hoʻomaʻamaʻa kūikawā i ka mālama ʻana i nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai ate. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia mau mea i lalo:

• Hepatologist (loea i ka maʻi ate).

• Oncologist ʻoki kino.

• Lapaʻau transplant.

• Oncologist uila.

• ʻO radiologist intervensal (kahi loea nāna e kuhikuhi a mālama i nā maʻi e hoʻohana nei i ke kiʻi a me nā ʻoki liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi hiki.

• Pathologist.

Hoʻohana ʻia ʻewalu mau ʻano o ka maʻamau maʻamau:

Nānā

ʻO ka nānā ʻana no nā leona liʻiliʻi ma mua o 1 kenimika i loaʻa i ka wā o ka kānana. ʻO ka ukali i kēlā me kēia ʻekolu mau mahina ka maʻa mau.

ʻOki kino He hapa hepatectomy (ʻoki kino e wehe i ka ʻāpana o ke akepaʻa kahi e loaʻa ai ka maʻi ʻaʻai) hiki ke hana ʻia. Hoʻopili ʻia kahi ʻū o ke aʻa, kahi ʻola āpau, a i ʻole kahi ʻāpana nui o ke ake, a me kekahi o nā mea olakino e hoʻopuni iā ​​ia. Lawe ke kino akepaʻa i koe i nā hana o ke akepaʻa a ulu hou paha.

Ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi ate

I loko o kahi ake hānai, hemo ke akepaʻa holoʻokoʻa a hoʻololi ʻia me ke akepaʻa olakino maikaʻi. Hiki ke hana ʻia kahi transplant ake inā aia ka maʻi i loko o ke ake wale a hiki ke loaʻa i kahi ate hāʻawi. Inā kali ka mea maʻi no kahi akepaʻa i hāʻawi ʻia, hāʻawi ʻia nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe inā pono.

ʻAha hoʻopau maʻi

Lawe a luku paha ʻo Ablada therapy i nāʻaʻaʻa. Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano ʻokoʻa o ka ablathapy therapy no ka maʻi ʻaʻai ate:

• Hoʻohuli Radiofrequency: Ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā nila kuikina i hoʻokomo pono ʻia ma o ka ʻili a i ʻole ma kahi incision i loko o ka ʻōpū e kiʻi i ka tumo. Hoʻonā ka nalu uila kiʻekiʻe-ikehu i nā nila a me nā tumo e luku ai i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai.

• ʻO ka microwave therapy: kahi ʻano lapaʻau e hōʻike ʻia ai ka tumo i nā mahana wela i hana ʻia e nā microwaves. Hiki i kēia ke hōʻino a pepehi i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai a i ʻole e maʻalahi iā lākou i nā hopena o ka radiation a me kekahi mau lāʻau anticancer.

• Percutaneous ethanol injection: kahi maʻi ʻaʻai e hoʻohana ʻia ai kahi nila liʻiliʻi e hoʻopili pono i ka etanol (ʻalekole maoli) i loko o kahi tumo e pepehi i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. Pono paha e mālama i kekahi mau ʻano lapaʻau. Hoʻohana ʻia ka anesthesia kūloko, akā inā he nui nā tumors i ke akepaʻa, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka anesthesia ākea.

• Cryoablation: kahi lapaʻau e hoʻohana ai i kahi mea kani e hoʻopaʻa ai a luku hoʻi i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. Kāhea ʻia kēia ʻano lapaʻau ʻo cryotherapy a cryosurgery. Hiki i ke kauka ke hoʻohana i ka ultrasound e alakaʻi i ka mea kani.

• Hoʻolālā uila: He lāʻau e hoʻouna i nā uila uila ma o ka electrode i hoʻonoho ʻia i loko o kahi tumo e pepehi i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. Ke aʻo ʻia nei ka lāʻau uila ma nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.

Embolization therapy

ʻO ka Embolization therapy ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea e ālai a hoʻēmi paha i ke kahe o ke koko ma o ke aʻa hepatic i ka tumo. Ke loaʻa ʻole ka tumo i ka oxygen a me nā mea pono e pono ai, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻomau i ka ulu ʻana. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Embolization therapy no nā mea maʻi i hiki ʻole ke ʻoki kino e hemo i ka tumo a i ʻole ab abapy therapy a ʻo ka mea ʻaʻole i palahalaha aʻe ka tumo ma waho o ke ake.

Loaʻa i ke akepaʻa ke koko mai ka veins portal hepatic a me ke aʻa hepatic. ʻO ke koko e hele mai i ke ake mai ka hepatic portal vein hele mau i ke akepaʻa olakino olakino. ʻO ke koko e hele mai ana mai ke aʻa hepatic e hele maʻamau i ka tumo. Ke ālai ʻia ka aʻa hepatic i ka wā o ka embolization therapy, hoʻomau ke loaʻa ke kino o ke akepaʻa olakino i ke koko mai ka hepatic portal vein.

ʻElua ʻano nui o ka embolization therapy:

• Embartization transarterial (TAE): Hana ʻia kahi ʻokiʻoki liʻiliʻi (ʻoki) i ka ʻūhā o loko a hoʻokomo ʻia kahi catheter (lahilahi, paipu maʻalahi) a wili ʻia i ke aʻa hepatic. I ka manawa e kau ai ka catheter, kahi mea e ālai i ke aʻa hepatic a kū i ke kahe o ke koko i ka tumo ua injected.

• Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE): Kēia kaʻina hana ua like ia me TAE koe naʻe hāʻawi ʻia kahi lāʻau anticancer. Hiki ke hana i ke kaʻina hana e ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka lāʻau anticancer i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi i hoʻopili ʻia i loko o ke aʻa hepatic a i ʻole ke kuhi ʻana i ka lāʻau anticancer ma o ka catheter i loko o ke aʻa hepatic a laila hoʻokomo i ka mea e ālai i ke aʻa hepatic. Loaʻa ka hapa nui o ka lāʻau anticancer ma kahi kokoke i ka tumo a he wahi liʻiliʻi wale nō o ka lāʻau i hiki i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino. Kapa ʻia kēia ʻano lapaʻau ʻo chemoembolization.

Pahuhopu kau ʻia

He lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻomāka ʻia ʻia e hoʻohana ai i nā lāʻau a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻē aʻe e ʻike a hoʻouka aku i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai me ka ʻole e hōʻeha i nā hunaola maʻamau. ʻO nā mea kālai lāʻau ʻo Tyrosine kinase kahi ʻano o ka hoʻomōhala hoʻomāka ʻia i hoʻohana ʻia i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai maʻi mua.

ʻO nā mea kāohi ʻo Tyrosine kinase nā lāʻau liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi e hele ma waena o ka membrane pūnaewele a hana i loko o nā hunaola maʻi ʻaukā e ālai i nā hōʻailona e pono e ulu a hoʻokaʻawale nā ​​hunaola maʻi ʻino. ʻO kekahi o nā mea kāohi tyrosine kinase kekahi i nā hopena inhibitor angiogenesis. ʻO Sorafenib, lenvatinib, a me regorafenib kekahi ʻano o nā mea kāohi i ka tyrosine kinase.

E ʻike i nā lāʻau i ʻāpono ʻia no ka maʻi ʻaʻai akepau no ka ʻike hou aku.

Immunotherapy

ʻO ka Immunotherapy kahi lapaʻau e hoʻohana i ka ʻōnaehana pale maʻi o ka mea maʻi e hakakā i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Hoʻohana ʻia nā mea i hana ʻia e ke kino a i hana ʻia paha i kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua e hoʻonui, kuhikuhi, a hoʻihoʻi hou i nā pale kūlohelohe o ke kino i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Kāhea ʻia kēia ʻano lapaʻau maʻi ʻaʻai a biotherapy a i ʻole biologic therapy.

ʻO ke ʻano ʻo Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy kekahi ʻano o ka immunotherapy.

• Hoʻomaʻamaʻa inhibitor checkpoint Immune: PD-1 kahi protein i ka ʻili o nā pūnaewele T e kōkua ai e mālama i nā pane pale o ke kino i ka nānā. Ke hoʻopili aku ʻo PD-1 i kahi protein ʻē aʻe i kapa ʻia ʻo PDL-1 ma kahi hunaola maʻi ʻoki, paʻa ia i ke kele T mai ka luku ʻana i ka pūnaeho maʻi maʻi. Hoʻopili nā mea pale PD-1 i PDL-1 a ʻae i nā hunaola T e pepehi i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻO Nivolumab kahi ʻano o ka mea nāna e keʻakeʻa i ka nānā ʻana.

Mea hoʻopukapuka hōʻoiaʻiʻo pale pale. ʻO nā protein checkpoint, e like me PD-L1 ma nā hunaola tumo a me PD-1 ma nā hunaola T, e kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i nā pane pale ʻole. Mālama ka paʻa ʻana o PD-L1 iā PD-1 mālama i nā hunaola T mai ka pepehi ʻana i nā hunaola tumora i loko o ke kino (panel hema). Ke kāpae nei i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o PD-L1 iā PD-1 me kahi mea pale pale pale pale pale (anti-PD-L1 a i ʻole anti-PD-1) ʻae i nā hunaola T e pepehi i nā hunaola tumera (ʻaoʻao ʻākau)

E ʻike i nā lāʻau i ʻāpono ʻia no ka maʻi ʻaʻai akepau no ka ʻike hou aku.

Lapaʻau hoʻomākala

ʻO ka radiation radiation kahi lāʻau maʻi maʻi maʻi e hoʻohana i nā kukuna x nui ikaika a i ʻole nā ​​ʻano radiation e hoʻomake i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai a mālama ʻole paha i ka ulu ʻana. ʻElua ʻano o radiation radiation:

• Hoʻohana ka radiation radiation kūwaho i kahi mīkini ma waho o ke kino e hoʻouna i ka radiation i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Hiki i kekahi mau ala o ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka radiation therapy ke pale i ka radiation mai ka hōʻino ʻana i nā mea olakino kokoke. ʻO kēia ʻano o ka radiation radiation kū i waho e like me kēia:

• ʻO ka radiation radiation Conformal: he ʻano radiation radiation kūwaho kahi hoʻohana i kahi kamepiula e hana i kahi kiʻi 3-dimensional (3-D) o ke tumo a hoʻohālikelike i nā kaola kukuna e kū pono i ka tumo. ʻAe kēia i kahi lāʻau kiʻekiʻe o ka pāhawewe e hiki i ka tumo a hoʻemi iki i ka hōʻino ʻana i nā mea olakino kokoke.

• Hoʻoikaika kino kino Stereotactic: He ʻano radiation radiation kino ʻo Stereotactic. Hoʻohana ʻia nā pono kūikawā e hoʻonoho i ka mea maʻi ma ke kūlana like no kēlā me kēia hoʻomaʻamaʻa radiation. Hoʻokahi manawa i ka lā no kekahi mau lā, kuhi ka mīkini radiation i kahi ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ka maʻamau maʻamau o ka radiation ma ka tumo. Ma ka loaʻa ʻana o ka mea maʻi ma ke kūlana like no kēlā me kēia lapaʻau, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka hōʻino ʻana i nā mea olakino kokoke. Kapa ʻia kēia kaʻina hana ʻo stereotactic waho-kukuna radiation radiation a me stereotaxic radiation therapy.

• Hoʻomaʻo radiation radiation Proton: ʻo ka Proton-beam therapy kahi ʻano o ka ikehu kiʻekiʻe, ʻo radiation radiation waho. Hoʻopaʻa kahi mīkini radiation radiation i nā kahawai o nā protons (nā liʻiliʻi, ʻike ʻole ʻia, nā ʻikikikaʻi i hoʻopiʻi ʻia) i nā hunaola maʻi ʻino e pepehi iā lākou. ʻO kēia ʻano lapaʻau e hōʻemi i ka pohō o nā mea olakino kokoke.

• Hoʻohana ka radiation radiation i loko i kahi lāʻau radioactive i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā nila, nā hua, nā uea, a i ʻole nā ​​catheters i kau pololei ʻia i loko a kokoke paha i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Hāʻawi ʻia ke ala o ka radiation radiation i ke ʻano a me ke kahua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai e mālama ʻia. Hoʻohana ʻia ka radiation radiation o waho e mālama i ka maʻi ʻaʻai nui o nā mākua.

Ke hoʻāʻo ʻia nei nā ʻano lapaʻau hou i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.

Loaʻa nā ʻike e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua mai ka pūnaewele NCI.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai ake makua makua e kumu i nā hopena ʻaoʻao.

No ka ʻike e pili ana i nā hopena i hopena ʻia e ka lapaʻau ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai, e ʻike i kā mākou ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao.

Makemake paha nā mea maʻi e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana.

No kekahi mau mea maʻi, ke komo nei i ka hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ke koho lapaʻau maikaʻi loa paha. ʻO nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua kahi ʻāpana o ka noiʻi ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e ʻike inā palekana a maikaʻi a maikaʻi paha nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa maʻi ʻaʻai ma mua o ka maʻamau maʻamau.

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā hana maʻamau no ka maʻi ʻaʻai i kau ʻia ma nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua mua. ʻO nā mea maʻi i komo i ka hoʻokolokolo hoʻokolohua hiki ke loaʻa i ka lāʻau maʻamau a i ʻole i waena o nā mea mua i loaʻa kahi lāʻau hou.

ʻO nā mea maʻi i komo i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua kōkua pū kekahi i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ka wā e hiki mai ana. ʻOiai ʻaʻole nā ​​alakaʻi hoʻokolohua e alakaʻi i nā hoʻoponopono hou maikaʻi, pane pinepine lākou i nā nīnau nui a kōkua i ka neʻe i mua o ka noiʻi.

Hiki i nā mea maʻi ke komo i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ma mua, i ka wā, a ma hope paha o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i kā lākou mālama maʻi ʻaʻai.

Hoʻopili wale kekahi mau hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua i nā mea maʻi i loaʻa ʻole ka lapaʻau. ʻO nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe e hōʻoia i nā mālama ʻana no ka poʻe maʻi i loaʻa ʻole ka maikaʻi o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Aia kekahi mau hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e hoʻāʻo i nā ala hou e hōʻoki i ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai ka hoʻi hou ʻana (hoʻi ʻana) a hōʻemi paha i nā hopena o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Ke mālama ʻia nei nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ma nā wahi he nui o ka ʻāina. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka ʻike e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e kākoʻo ʻia e NCI ma ka pūnaewele ʻimi noiʻi hoʻokolohua a NCI. Hiki ke loaʻa nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua i kākoʻo ʻia e nā hui ʻē aʻe ma ka pūnaewele ClinicalTrials.gov.

Pono paha nā hoʻokolohua ukali.

ʻO kekahi o nā hoʻokolohua i hana ʻia e hōʻoia i ka maʻi ʻaʻai a i ʻole e ʻike i ke kahua o ka maʻi ʻaʻaʻa e hana hou ʻia paha. E hana hou ʻia kekahi mau hōʻike i mea e ʻike ai i ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana. Hoʻoholo ʻia nā hoʻoholo e pili ana inā e hoʻomau, hoʻololi, a kū paha i ka lāʻau ʻana ma nā hopena o kēia mau hoʻāʻo.

E hoʻomau ʻia kekahi o nā hoʻokolohua mai kēlā me kēia manawa ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka lāʻau. Hiki i nā hopena o kēia mau hoʻāʻo ke hōʻike inā ua loli kou ʻano a i ʻole inā ua hoʻi hou ke kanesa. Kapa ʻia kēia mau hoʻāʻo i kekahi manawa nā hoʻokolohua ukali a i ʻole nā ​​loiloi.

Nā koho lapaʻau no ka maʻi ʻōpū ʻōpio makua ʻōpio

Ma keia Pauku

• Nā Paʻa 0, A, a me B ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻa ʻōpio makua makua

• ʻO nā pae C a me D Ka maʻi ʻaʻai akepau mua

No ka ʻike e pili ana i nā lāʻau i helu ʻia ma lalo, e ʻike i ka ʻaoʻao Overtion Option Overview.

Nā Paʻa 0, A, a me B ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻa ʻōpio makua makua

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā pae 0, A, a me B i ke kanulau maʻi ʻōpio mua e komo pū paha me kēia

• ʻO ka nānā ʻana no nā leona ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o 1 kenimika.

• Hepatectomy hapa.

• Huina hepatectomy a me ke kuhi ʻana o ke ake.

• ʻO ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka tumo e hoʻohana ana i kekahi o kēia mau ʻano:

• Hoʻokiʻiliʻi Radiofrequency.

• Laulā hawewe.

• Pākuʻi ethanol pākēnē.

• ʻO Cryoablation.

• ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o ka electroporation therapy.

E hoʻohana i kā mākou ʻimi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e ʻike i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua maʻi maʻi i kākoʻo ʻia e NCI e ʻae nei i nā mea maʻi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻimi i nā hoʻāʻo e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ka makahiki o ka mea hoʻomanawanui, a kahi e hana ʻia ai nā hoʻokolokolo. Loaʻa nā ʻike laulā e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.

ʻO nā pae C a me D Ka maʻi ʻaʻai akepau mua

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i nā anuu C a me D ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻelemakule mua e komo pū paha me kēia:

• Embolization therapy me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kekahi o nā ʻano hana:

• Embartization transarterial (TAE).

• ʻO ka chemoembolization transarterial (TACE).

• Hoʻopaʻa kaulike ʻia me kahi mea hōʻoki kinase tyrosine.

• Immunotherapy.

• Lapaʻau hoʻomākala.

• ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o ka hoʻomoʻi hoʻomāka ʻia ma hope o ka chemoembolization a i hui pū ʻia me ka chemotherapy.

• ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o nā lāʻau lapaʻau hoʻomāka hou ʻia.

• ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o ka immunotherapy.

• ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o ka immunotherapy i hui pū ʻia me ka therapist hoʻomoana.

• ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o ka stereotactic body radiation therapy a i ʻole proton-beam radiation therapy.

E hoʻohana i kā mākou ʻimi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e ʻike i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua maʻi maʻi i kākoʻo ʻia e NCI e ʻae nei i nā mea maʻi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻimi i nā hoʻāʻo e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ka makahiki o ka mea hoʻomanawanui, a kahi e hana ʻia ai nā hoʻokolokolo. Loaʻa nā ʻike laulā e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.

Ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōkino makua makua

No ka ʻike e pili ana i nā lāʻau i helu ʻia ma lalo, e ʻike i ka ʻaoʻao Overtion Option Overview.

ʻO nā koho lapaʻau no ka maʻi ʻaʻa ʻōiwi makua mua e komo pū paha me kēia:

• Huina hepatectomy a me ke kuhi ʻana o ke ake.

• Hepatectomy hapa.

• Hoʻomaha

• ʻO ka chemoembolization transarterial a me ka hoʻomōhala hoʻomākaukau ʻia me sorafenib, ma ke ʻano he palliative therapy e hōʻoluʻolu i nā ʻōuli a hoʻomaikaʻi i ke ola.

• ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o kahi lapaʻau hou.

E hoʻohana i kā mākou ʻimi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e ʻike i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua maʻi maʻi i kākoʻo ʻia e NCI e ʻae nei i nā mea maʻi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻimi i nā hoʻāʻo e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ka makahiki o ka mea hoʻomanawanui, a kahi e hana ʻia ai nā hoʻokolokolo. Loaʻa nā ʻike laulā e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.

E aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ake makua makua

No ka ʻike hou aku mai ka National Cancer Institute e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻa maʻi mākua mua, e ʻike i ka mea aʻe:

• ʻAoʻao Pīpī Kanalehua a me Bile Duct

• Ka Puʻukū Kanaka (Hepatocellular)

• ʻO ke ake (Hepatocellular) Ka nānā ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai

• Cryosurgery i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai

• ʻApono ʻia nā lāʻau no ka maʻi ʻaʻai

• ʻO nā Therapy Cancer i kau ʻia

No ka ʻike ākea maʻi ʻaʻai a me nā kumuwaiwai ʻē aʻe mai ka National Cancer Institute, e ʻike i ka mea aʻe:

• E pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai

• Ke hoʻokū nei

• ʻO Chemotherapy a ʻo ʻoe: Kākoʻo no ka poʻe me ka maʻi ʻaʻai

• Radiation Therapy a ʻo ʻoe: Kākoʻo no ka poʻe me ka maʻi ʻaʻai

• Ke kāohi nei i ka maʻi ʻaʻai

• Nā nīnau e nīnau ai i kāu kauka e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai

• No nā mea ola a me nā mea mālama