Nā ʻano / leukemia / hoʻomanawanui / keiki-aml-lapaʻau-pdq

ʻO ke kamaliʻi Myuteid Leukemia / Other Myeloid Malignancies Treatment (®) –Patient Version

ʻO ka ʻike pili e pili ana i ka wā kamaliʻi Myeloid Leukemia a me nā maʻi maʻi Myeloid ʻē aʻe

NA MANA KUNI

• ʻO ke kamaliʻi myeloid leukemia (AML) kahi ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai kahi e hana ai ka iwi iwi i kahi nui o nā hunaola koko ʻokoʻa.

• Hiki i ka leukemia a me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe o ke koko a me ka iwi o ka iwi ke hoʻopili i nā hunaola ʻulaʻula, nā hunaola keʻokeʻo, a me nā platelet

• Hiki i nā maʻi myeloid ʻē aʻe ke hoʻopili i ke koko a me ka iwi o ka iwi.

• Myelopoiesis transient abnormal (TAM)

• ʻO ka leukemia promyelocytic huikau (APL)

• ʻO ka leukemia myelomonosittic juvenile (JMML)

• Leukemia myelogenous mau (CML)

• Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS)

• Hiki paha ke AML a MDS paha ma hope o ka mālama ʻana me kekahi mau lāʻau chemotherapy a me / a i ʻole radiation radiation.

• ʻO nā kumu pilikia no ka wā kamaliʻi AML, APL, JMML, CML, a me MDS like.

• ʻO nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli o ka wā kamaliʻi AML, APL, JMML, CML, a i ʻole MDS me ka fiva, ka luhi, a me ke kahe maʻalahi a me ka palapū.

• Hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻāʻo e nānā i ke koko a me ka iwi o ka iwi e ʻike (loaʻa) a hōʻike i ke ʻano kamaliʻi AML, TAM, APL, JMML, CML, a me MDS.

• Kū kekahi mau kumu i ka wānana (kahi o ke ola ʻana) a me nā koho lapaʻau.

ʻO ke kamaliʻi myeloid leukemia (AML) kahi ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai kahi e hana ai ka iwi iwi i kahi nui o nā hunaola koko ʻokoʻa.

ʻO ke kamaliʻi myeloid leukemia (AML) kahi maʻi ʻaʻai o ke koko a me ka iwi iwi. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo AML he leukemia myelogenous huehue, leukemia myeloblastic huehue, leukemia granulosittic huehue, a me leukemia nonlymphocytic huehue. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hōʻino ʻana o nā ʻōpala huʻihuʻi inā ʻaʻole mālama ʻia lākou. ʻO nā kanesa maʻi mau e hele lohi a ʻemi hoʻi.

Anatomi o ka iwi. Hana ʻia ka iwi i ka iwi kuʻupuʻu, ka iwi iwi, a me ka iwi iwi. Hana ka iwi kuikahi i ka papa waho o ka iwi. ʻIke ʻia ka iwi Spongy ma ka wēlau o nā iwi a loaʻa ka ʻula ʻula. Loaʻa ka iwi iwi ma waenakonu o ka hapa nui o nā iwi a nui nā kīʻaha koko. ʻElua ʻano o ka iwi iwi: ʻulaʻula a melemele. Aia i loko o ka momona ʻulaʻula ke aʻa koko i hiki ke lilo i mau ʻulaʻula koko, nā hunaola keokeo, a i ʻole nā ​​platelet Hana ʻia ka momona o ka melemele ka momona.

Hiki i ka leukemia a me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe o ke koko a me ka iwi o ka iwi ke hoʻopili i nā hunaola ʻulaʻula, nā hunaola keʻokeʻo, a me nā platelet

ʻO ka maʻamau, hana ka iwi o ka iwi i nā huna koko (ʻaʻa ʻole) e lilo i mau puʻuwai koko makua ma mua o ka manawa. Hiki i ke kinipōpō kūpoko ke lilo i cell cell myeloid a i ʻole ka cell stem lymphoid. Lilo ke kinipōpō limapiʻi i keʻena keokeo.

E lilo i kahi cell myeloid stem i hoʻokahi o ʻekolu mau ʻano o nā hunaola makua oʻo:

• ʻO nā hunaola ʻulaʻula e lawe i ka oxygen a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i nā kinona āpau o ke kino.

• ʻO nā hunaola keʻokeʻo e hakakā i ka maʻi a me ka maʻi.

• ʻO nā pāpale e hana ana i ke kahe o ke koko e hōʻoki i ke kahe ʻana o ke kahe.

Hoʻonui ulu kino. Hele ke aʻa koʻokoʻo koko i nā ʻanuʻu he nui e lilo i ʻulaʻula koko, platelet, a i ʻole ke koko keʻokeʻo.

I ka AML, lilo mau nā mole koʻokoʻo myeloid i ʻano o ke keʻokeʻo kō keʻokeʻo makua ʻole i kapa ʻia ʻo myeloblasts (a i ʻole myeloid blasts). ʻO nā myeloblasts, a i ʻole nā ​​leukemia, i loko o ka AML he mea maʻamau ʻole a lilo ʻole i mau hunaola keokeo maikaʻi. Hiki i nā leukemia ke kūkulu aʻe i loko o ke koko a me ka iwi o ka iwi no laila aia ka liʻiliʻi o ka lumi no nā hunaola keokeo olakino, nā ʻulaʻula, a me nā pā. Ke hiki mai kēia, maʻi, anemia, a i ʻole ke kahe maʻalahi.

Hiki i nā leukemia ke laha ma waho o ke koko i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino, e like me ka ʻōnaehana waena (ka lolo a me ka iwi kuamoʻo), ka ʻili, a me nā gum. I kekahi manawa hana ʻia nā huna leukemia i kahi tumo paʻa i kapa ʻia he granulosittic sarcoma a i ʻole chloroma.

Hiki i nā maʻi myeloid ʻē aʻe ke hoʻopili i ke koko a me ka iwi o ka iwi.

Myelopoiesis transient abnormal (TAM)

ʻO TAM kahi maʻi o ka iwi iwi i hiki ke hoʻomōhala i nā keiki hānau hou i loaʻa iā Down Syndrome. Hele maʻamau ia iā ia iho i loko o nā mahina 3 mua o ke ola. Loaʻa i nā pēpē i loaʻa iā TAM ka manawa kūpono o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka AML ma mua o ka makahiki 3. Kāhea ʻia ʻo TAM transient myeloproliferative maʻi a i ʻole leukemia transient.

ʻO ka leukemia promyelocytic huikau (APL)

ʻO APL kahi subtype o AML. I ka APL, hoʻololi kekahi mau ʻāpana ma ka chromosome 15 i nā wahi me kekahi mau ʻāpana ma ka chromosome 17 a me kahi ʻāpana ʻokoʻa i kapa ʻia ʻo PML-RARA. Hoʻouna ka ʻaoʻao PML-RARA i kahi leka e kāpae i nā promyelocytes (kahi ʻano o ke koko keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo) mai ke oʻo ʻana. Hiki i nā promyelocytes (leukemia cells) ke kūkulu i loko o ke koko a me ka iwi o ka iwi no laila he wahi liʻiliʻi no nā hunaola keokeo olakino, nā hunaola ʻulaʻula, a me nā platelet. ʻO nā pilikia me ke kahe nui a me nā kahe o ke koko. He pilikia olakino koʻikoʻi kēia e pono ai ka lapaʻau i ka wā hiki loa.

ʻO ka leukemia myelomonosittic juvenile (JMML)

ʻO JMML kahi maʻi maʻi ʻōpio maʻamau i ʻike pinepine ʻia i nā keiki ma kahi o 2 mau makahiki a ʻoi aku ka maʻamau o nā keikikāne. I ka JMML, nui nā cell myeloid koko i lilo i myelocytes a me monositita (ʻelua ʻano keokeo keokeo). Kekahi o kēia mau myeloid koko koʻokoʻo aʻa lilo loa makua keʻokeʻo keena. ʻAʻole hiki i kēia mau hunaola makua ʻole, i kapa ʻia nā blasts, ke hana i kā lākou hana maʻamau. I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, nā myelosit, monositita, a me nā pahū e hoʻopuka i nā hunaola ʻulaʻula a me nā pā i loko o ka iwi iwi. Ke hiki mai kēia, maʻi, anemia, a i ʻole ke kahe maʻalahi.

Leukemia myelogenous mau (CML)

Hoʻomaka pinepine ʻo CML i kahi keena koko myeloid i ka wā e loli ai kekahi ʻano kūʻauhau. ʻO kahi ʻāpana o nā ʻāpana, i komo pū me ka ʻāpana ABL, ma ka chromosome 9 e hoʻololi i kahi me kahi ʻāpana o nā ʻāpana ma ka chromosome 22, nona ka ʻāpana BCR. Hana kēia i kahi chromosome pōkole loa 22 (i kapa ʻia ʻo ka chromosome Philadelphia) a me kahi chromosome lōʻihi loa 9. Hoʻokumu ʻia kahi gen BCR-ABL ma luna o chromosome 22. ʻomelelo ka ʻāpana BCR-ABL i nā hunaola koko e hana i ka protein i kapa ʻia ʻo tyrosine. kinase. Hoʻokumu ʻo Tyrosine kinase i nā hunaola ʻulaʻula (nā leukemia) e hana ʻia i ka iwi iwi. Hiki i nā leukemia ke kūkulu aʻe i loko o ke koko a me ka iwi o ka iwi no laila aia ka liʻiliʻi o ka lumi no nā hunaola keokeo olakino, nā hunaola ʻulaʻula, a me nā platelet. Ke hiki mai kēia, maʻi, anemia, a i ʻole ke kahe maʻalahi. Kākaʻikahi ʻo CML i nā keiki.

Chromosome Philadelphia. ʻO kahi ʻāpana o chromosome 9 a me kahi ʻāpana chromosome 22 e wāwahi a kūʻai aku i nā wahi kalepa. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka gen BCR-ABL ma chromosome 22 kahi e hoʻopili ai ka ʻāpana o ka chromosome 9. ʻO ka chromosome 22 i hoʻololi ʻia ua kapa ʻia ʻo chromosome Philadelphia.

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS)

Kū pinepine ʻo MDS i nā keiki ma mua o ka poʻe mākua. I MDS, hana ka iwi iwi i ʻulaʻula i nā hunaola ʻulaʻula, nā hunaola keokeo, a me nā platelet. ʻAʻole oʻo paha kēia mau huna koko a komo i loko o ke koko. Aia ke ʻano o MDS i ke ʻano o ke aʻa koko i loli.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana no MDS kaukaʻi ʻia i ka haʻahaʻa o nā helu o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula, nā hunaola keʻokeʻo, a i ʻole nā ​​platelet. I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, lilo ʻo MDS i AML.

ʻO kēia hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo e pili ana i ka wā kamaliʻi AML, TAM, APL kamaliʻi, JMML, kamaliʻi CML, a me MDS kamaliʻi. E ʻike i ka hōʻuluʻulu maʻi ʻo Lymphoblastic Leukemia hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo no ka ʻike e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana i ka leukemia lymphoblastic.

Hiki paha ke AML a MDS paha ma hope o ka mālama ʻana me kekahi mau lāʻau chemotherapy a me / a i ʻole radiation radiation.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai me kekahi mau lāʻau chemotherapy a me / a i ʻole radiation therapy hiki ke kumu i ka AML (t-AML) a i ʻole MDS (t-MDS) e pili ana i ka lāʻau. ʻO ka makaʻu o kēia mau maʻi myeloid e pili ana i ka lāʻau e pili ana i ka nui o nā lāʻau chemotherapy i hoʻohana ʻia a me ka lāʻau radiation a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Loaʻa i kekahi mau maʻi i kahi pilikino i hoʻoilina ʻia no t-AML a me t-MDS. Kū pinepine kēia mau maʻi e pili ana i ka lāʻau i loko o 7 mau makahiki ma hope o ka mālama ʻana, akā kākaʻikahi kēia i nā keiki.

ʻO nā kumu pilikia no ka wā kamaliʻi AML, APL, JMML, CML, a me MDS like.

ʻO nā mea āpau e hoʻonui i kou makaʻu i ka loaʻa ʻana i kahi maʻi i kapa ʻia he kumu weliweli. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi mea pilikia ʻaʻole ia he kumu e loaʻa ʻoe i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻaʻohe o nā kumu pilikia ʻaʻole ia he kumu ʻaʻole ʻoe e loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka inā makemake ʻoe e pilikia paha kāu keiki. ʻO kēia a me nā kumu ʻē aʻe e hoʻonui i ka makaʻi o ka wā kamaliʻi AML, APL, JMML, CML, a me MDS:

• Loaʻa i kahi kaikaina a kaikuahine paha, ʻo ka māhoe paha, me ka leukemia.

• ʻO ka Hispanic.

• Ke hōʻike ʻia nei i ka uahi paka a i ʻole ka waiʻona ma mua o ka hānau ʻana.

• Loaʻa i kahi moʻolelo pilikino o ka anemia aplastic.

• Loaʻa i kahi moʻolelo pilikino a ʻohana paha o MDS.

• Loaʻa i kahi moʻolelo ʻohana o AML.

• ʻO ka hana i hala me chemotherapy a i ʻole radiation radiation.

• Ke hōʻike ʻia nei i ka radiation ionizing a i ʻole nā ​​kemika e like me benzene.

• Loaʻa i kekahi mau syndrome a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi hoʻoilina, e like me:

• Down syndrome.

• Anemia anplastic.

• Anemia Fanconi.

• ʻO Neurofibromatosis ʻano 1.

• Noonan syndrome.

• ʻO Shwachman-Diamond maʻi maʻi.

• Li-Fraumeni maʻi.

ʻO nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli o ka wā kamaliʻi AML, APL, JMML, CML, a i ʻole MDS me ka fiva, ka luhi, a me ke kahe maʻalahi a me ka palapū.

ʻO kēia a me nā ʻōuli a me nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe i hoʻokumu ʻia e AML, APL, JMML, CML, a MDS a i ʻole nā ​​kumu ʻē aʻe. E hōʻoia me ke kauka inā loaʻa i kāu keiki kekahi o kēia mau mea:

• Fever me ka loaʻa ʻole o kahi maʻi.

• Hoʻoulu ka pō.

• Pokole o ka hanu.

• Nawaliwali a ʻano luhi paha.

• Pākuʻi maʻalahi a hoʻokahe paha.

• Petechiae (pālahalaha, kiko kiko ma lalo o ka ʻili i hoʻokumu ʻia e ke kahe ʻana o ke kahe).

• ʻEha ma nā iwi a me nā hono.

• ʻO kaʻeha a me ka manaʻo o ka piha ma lalo o nā iwi ʻaoʻao.

• ʻO nā puʻupuʻu ʻole i ka ʻāʻī, underarm, ʻōpū, ʻūhū, a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino. I ka wā kamaliʻi AML, kēia mau puʻupuʻu, i kapa ʻia ʻo leukemia

• cutis, polū a poni paha.

• ʻO nā puʻupuʻu ʻeha ʻole a puni ka maka i kekahi manawa. ʻO kēia mau puʻupuʻu, i kapa ʻia ʻo chloromas, ʻike ʻia i kekahi manawa i ka wā kamaliʻi AML a polū-ʻōmaʻomaʻo paha.

• ʻO kahi wīwī e like me ka eczema.

Hiki i nā hōʻailona a me nā hōʻailona o TAM ke hoʻopili i kēia mau mea:

• ʻO ka pehu a puni ke kino.

• Pokole o ka hanu.

• Hī pilikia.

• Nawaliwali a ʻano luhi paha.

• Kahe nui ʻana, mai kahi ʻoki liʻiliʻi.

• Petechiae (pālahalaha, kiko kiko ma lalo o ka ʻili i hoʻokumu ʻia e ke kahe ʻana o ke kahe).

• ʻEha ma lalo o nā iwi ʻaoʻao.

• ʻ Skinhū ʻili.

• Jaundice (melemele o ka ʻili a keʻokeʻo o nā maka).

• ʻEha poʻo, ʻike pilikia a huikau.

I kekahi manawa ʻaʻole kumu iki ʻo TAM a ʻike ʻia ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ke koko maʻamau.

Hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻāʻo e nānā i ke koko a me ka iwi o ka iwi e ʻike (loaʻa) a hōʻike i ke ʻano kamaliʻi AML, TAM, APL, JMML, CML, a me MDS. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻāʻo a me nā kaʻina hana aʻe:

• ʻO ka hoʻāʻo kino a me ka mōʻaukala: kahi hōʻike o ke kino e nānā i nā hōʻailona laulā o ke olakino, e like me ka nānā ʻana i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi, e like me nā puʻupuʻu a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻē aʻe e ʻano ʻē. E lawe ʻia kahi moʻolelo o nā ʻano olakino o ka mea maʻi a me nā maʻi i hala a me nā mālama ʻana.
• Helu piha ke koko (CBC) me ka ʻokoʻa: kahi kaʻina hana e huki ʻia ai kahi hāpana o ke koko a nānā ʻia no kēia mau mea:

• ʻO ka helu o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula a me nā platelet.

• ʻO ka helu a me ke ʻano o nā hunaola keokeo.

• ʻO ka nui o ka hemoglobin (ka protein i hāpai i ka oxygen) i loko o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula.

• ʻO ka ʻāpana o ka hāpana koko i hana ʻia i nā hunaola ʻulaʻula.

Helu piha ke koko (CBC). Hōʻiliʻili ʻia ke koko ma ka hoʻokomo ʻana i kahi nila i loko o kahi aa a ʻae i ke kahe o ke koko i loko o kahi paipu. Hoʻouna ʻia ka laʻana koko i ke keʻena hoʻokolohua a helu ʻia nā ʻulaʻula o ke koko, nā hunaola keokeo, a me nā platelet. Hoʻohana ʻia ka CBC e hoʻāʻo ai, e hōʻoia ai, a nānā i nā ʻano like ʻole.

Nā aʻo kemika koko: kahi hana e nānā ʻia ai kahi hāpana koko e ana i ka nui o kekahi mau mea i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i loko o ke koko e nā mea a me nā mea i loko o ke kino. ʻO kahi mea maʻamau (ʻoi aʻe a i ʻole haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka maʻamau) o kahi mea hiki ke lilo i hōʻailona o ka maʻi.

• ʻO ke kukui x: kahi x-ray o nā mea a me nā iwi i loko o ka umauma. ʻO ka x-ray kahi ʻano kukuna ikehu e hiki ke hele ma waena o ke kino a ma ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni, e hana ana i kiʻi o nā wahi i loko o ke kino.

• ʻO Biopsy: Ka lawe ʻia ʻana o nā pūnaewele a i ʻole nāʻaʻaʻa i hiki ai iā lākou ke ʻike ma lalo o kahi microscope e kahi pathologist e nānā i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻO nā biopsies i hiki ke hana ʻia e hoʻopili i kēia mau mea:

• ʻO ka ʻiʻo o ka iwi iwi a me ka biopsy: Ka hemo ʻana o ka iwi iwi, ke koko, a me kahi ʻāpana o ka iwi ma ka hoʻokomo ʻana i kahi kui kolo i loko o ka hipbone a i ʻole ka umauma.

ʻIʻini iwi a me ka biopsy. Ma hope o ka helu ʻia ʻana o kahi ʻili o ka ʻili, hoʻokomo ʻia kahi nila o ka iwi iwi i ka iwi ʻūhā o ke keiki. Lawe ʻia nā laʻana o ke koko, ka iwi, a me ka iwi o ka iwi no ka ninaninau ʻana ma lalo o kahi microscope.

• Tumor biopsy: E hana ʻia kahi biopsy o kahi chloroma.

• ʻO ka biopsy Lymph node: Ka lawe ʻana o nā mea āpau a ʻāpana paha o kahi kōpona lymph.

• Immunophenotyping: kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e hoʻohana ai i nā mea ʻino e ʻike ai i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai e pili ana i nā ʻano antigens a i ʻole nā ​​māka ma ka ʻili o nā hunaola. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia hōʻike e kōkua i ke kuhi ʻana i nā ʻano maʻi leukemia.

• Nānā Cytogenetic: kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua kahi e helu ai nā chromosome o nā hunaola i kahi hāpana o ke koko a i ʻole ka iwi iwi a nānā ʻia no nā loli, e like me ka haki, nalowale, hoʻoponopono hou ʻia, a i ʻole nā ​​chromosome keu. ʻO nā loli i kekahi mau chromosome he hōʻailona ia o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻoponopono Cytogenetic e kōkua i ke kuhi ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai, e hoʻolālā i ka lāʻau ʻana, a i ʻole e ʻike i ke ʻano o ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana.

ʻO ka hoʻāʻo aʻe kahi ʻano o ka hoʻopili cytogenetic:

• FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization): kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua i hoʻohana ʻia e nānā a helu i nā gen a i ʻole nā ​​chromosome i nā pūnaewele a me nā aʻa. Hana ʻia nā ʻāpana o ka DNA i loaʻa nā waihoʻoluʻu fluorescent i loko o ke keʻena hoʻokolohua a hoʻohui ʻia i kahi laʻana o nā hunaola a me nā aʻa o ka mea maʻi. Ke hoʻopili aku kēia mau ʻāpana DNA i kala ʻia i kekahi mau ʻāpana a i ʻole nā ​​wahi o chromosome i loko o ka hāpana, hoʻomālamalama lākou ke nānā ʻia ma lalo o kahi microscope fluorescent. Hoʻohana ʻia ka hōʻike FISH e kōkua i ke kuhi ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai a kōkua i ka hoʻolālā ʻana i ka lāʻau.

• ʻImi Molecular: kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e nānā ai no kekahi genes, proteins, a i ʻole nā ​​molekika ʻē aʻe i kahi hāpana o ke koko a i ʻole ka iwi iwi. Nānā ʻia nā hoʻokolohua Molecular no kekahi mau loli i kahi moʻokūʻauhau a i ʻole chromosome paha i kumu a hoʻopili paha i ka manawa o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o AML. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kahi hoʻokolohua molekole e kōkua i ka hoʻolālā ʻana i ka lāʻau, e ʻike i ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana, a i ʻole ka hana ʻana i kahi wānana.

• Lumbar puncture: kahi hana i hoʻohana ʻia e hōʻiliʻili i kahi hāpana o ka cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) mai ke kolamu iwi kuamoʻo. Hana ʻia kēia ma ke kau ʻana i kahi nila i waena o ʻelua iwi i ka iwi kuamoʻo a i loko o ka CSF a puni ka iwi kuamoʻo a hemo i kahi hāpana o ka wai. Nānā ʻia ka laʻana o CSF ​​ma lalo o kahi microscope no nā ʻōuli i palahalaha aʻe nā leukemia i ka lolo a me ka iwi kuamoʻo. Kāhea ʻia kēia kaʻina hana he LP a i ʻole ka piulawi.

Pahu lumbar. Ke moe nei kahi mea maʻi i kahi kūlana curled ma ka papa. Ma hope o ka helu ʻana o kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa, hoʻokomo ʻia kahi nila kuʻikuʻi (kahi nila lōʻihi, lahilahi) i ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ka kolamu o ka iwi kuamoʻo e hemo ai ka wai cerebrospinal (CSF, i hōʻike ʻia i ka polū). Hoʻouna ʻia paha ka wai i kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana.

Kū kekahi mau kumu i ka wānana (kahi o ke ola ʻana) a me nā koho lapaʻau.

ʻO ka wānana (ka manawa kūpono o ke ola ʻana) a me nā koho lapaʻau no ka wā kamaliʻi AML kaukaʻi ʻia i ka mea aʻe:

• ʻO ka makahiki o ke keiki ke ʻike ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

• Ka lāhui a lāhui paha o ke keiki.

• Inā kaumaha nui paha ke keiki.

• Ka helu o nā keʻokeʻo koko keʻokeʻo i ke koko i ke kuhi.

• Inā paha i hana ka AML ma hope o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

• ʻO ka subtype o AML.

• Inā paha aia kekahi chromosome a i ʻole nā ​​loli gen i nā leukemia.

• Inā loaʻa ka maʻi maʻi Down keiki. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā keiki me ka AML a me Down Syndrome hiki ke hoʻōla ʻia i ko lākou leukemia.

• Inā ka leukemia i loko o ke kikowaena pūnaewele (lolo a me ka iwi kuamoo).

• Pehea ka pane koke ʻana o ka leukemia i ka lāʻau.

• Inā ʻike hou ʻia ka AML (untreated) a i ʻole ua hoʻi hou ma hope o ka lapaʻau ʻana.

• ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka manawa mai ka pau ʻana o ka lapaʻau, no AML i hoʻi hou.

Aia ka wānana no ka APL kamaliʻi i kēia mau mea:

• Ka helu o nā keʻokeʻo koko keʻokeʻo i ke koko i ke kuhi.

• Inā paha aia kekahi chromosome a i ʻole nā ​​loli gen i nā leukemia.

• Inā ʻike hou ʻia ka APL (untreated) a i ʻole ua hoʻi hou ma hope o ka lapaʻau ʻana.

ʻO ka wānana a me nā koho lapaʻau no JMML e pili ana i kēia mau mea:

• ʻO ka makahiki o ke keiki ke ʻike ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

• Ke ʻano o ka ʻāpana i hoʻopili ʻia a me ka helu o nā gen i loaʻa nā loli.

• Ehia mau monocytes (kahi ʻano o ke keʻokeʻo koko keʻokeʻo) i loko o ke koko.

• Ehia nā hemoglobin i loko o ke koko.

• Inā ʻike hou ʻia ka JMML (untreated) a i ʻole ua hoʻi hou ma hope o ka lapaʻau ʻana.

ʻO ka wānana a me nā koho lapaʻau no ka CML kamaliʻi e pili ana i kēia:

• Pehea ka lōʻihi o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o ka mea maʻi.

• Ehia mau hunaola i loko o ke koko.

• Inā a pehea hoʻi e nalowale ai nā hunaola mai ke koko a me ka iwi o ka iwi ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hoʻōla.

• Inā ʻike hou ʻia ka CML (untreated) a i ʻole ua hoʻi hou ma hope o ka lapaʻau ʻana.

ʻO ka wānana a me nā koho lapaʻau no MDS kaukaʻi i ka mea aʻe:

• ʻO ka MDS ke kumu o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

• Pehea ka haʻahaʻa o nā helu o nā ʻulaʻula, nā aʻa koko keʻokeʻo, a i ʻole nā ​​platelet.

• Inā ʻike hou ʻia ka MDS (mālama ʻole ʻia) a i ʻole ua hoʻi hou ma hope o ka lapaʻau ʻana.

Nā papa o ke kamaliʻi Myuteid Leukemia a me nā maʻi maʻi Myeloid ʻē aʻe

NA MANA KUNI

• I ka manawa o ke kamaliʻi maʻi myeloid leukemia (AML) e ʻike ʻia, hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua e ʻike inā ua laha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

• ʻAʻohe ʻōnaehana hoʻonohonoho maʻamau no ka wā kamaliʻi AML, leukemia promyelocytic kamaliʻi (APL), leukemia myelomonosittic ʻōpio (JMML), leukemia myelogenous mau loa (CML), a myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS).

• Ua hoʻi hou ʻo AML kamaliʻi ma hope o ka mālama ʻia ʻana.

I ka manawa o ke kamaliʻi maʻi myeloid leukemia (AML) e ʻike ʻia, hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua e ʻike inā ua laha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua a me nā kaʻina hana e ʻike inā ua pālahalaha ʻia ka leukemia mai ke koko a i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

• Lumbar puncture: kahi hana i hoʻohana ʻia e hōʻiliʻili i kahi hāpana o ka cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) mai ke kolamu iwi kuamoʻo. Hana ʻia kēia ma ke kau ʻana i kahi nila i waena o ʻelua iwi i ka iwi kuamoʻo a i loko o ka CSF a puni ka iwi kuamoʻo a hemo i kahi hāpana o ka wai. Nānā ʻia ka laʻana o CSF ​​ma lalo o kahi microscope no nā ʻōuli i palahalaha aʻe nā leukemia i ka lolo a me ka iwi kuamoʻo. Kāhea ʻia kēia kaʻina hana he LP a i ʻole ka piulawi.

• ʻO Biopsy o nā testicle, nā ovaries, a me nā ʻili: Ka lawe ʻia ʻana o nā hunaola a i ʻole nā ​​mea mai nā testicle, nā ovaries, a me nā ʻili i hiki iā lākou ke ʻike ma lalo o kahi microscope e nānā ai i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Hana ʻia kēia inā loaʻa kahi mea ʻokoʻa e pili ana i nā testicle, nā ovaries, a me nā ʻili i ka wā o ka hoʻokolohua kino.

ʻAʻohe ʻōnaehana hoʻonohonoho maʻamau no ka wā kamaliʻi AML, leukemia promyelocytic kamaliʻi (APL), leukemia myelomonosittic ʻōpio (JMML), leukemia myelogenous mau loa (CML), a myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS).

ʻO ka nui a hoʻolaha paha o ka maʻi ʻaʻai e wehewehe pinepine ʻia ma ke ʻano he pae. Ma kahi o nā pae, mālama ʻia ka AML ʻōpio, APL kamaliʻi, JMML, CML kamaliʻi, a me MDS ma luna o hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha o kēia mau mea:

• Ke ʻano o ka maʻi a i ʻole ka subtype o AML.

• Ua pāhola paha ka leukemia ma waho o ke koko a me ka iwi o ka iwi.

• Inā hōʻoia hou ʻia ka maʻi, i ke kala ʻana, a i ʻole hoʻi hou.

ʻO AML kahi keiki i ʻike hou ʻia

ʻAʻole mālama ʻia ka AML kamaliʻi hou i ʻike ʻia akā koe wale no ka hōʻoluʻolu i nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli e like me ke kuni, ke kahe ʻana o ke koko, a i ʻole ka ʻeha, a loaʻa kekahi o kēia mau mea:

• ʻOi aku ma mua o 20% o nā hunaola i loko o ka iwi iwi ka hū (leukemia cells).

a i ʻole

• Ma lalo o 20% o nā hunaola i loko o ka iwi iwi ka puhi a aia kekahi hoʻololi i ka chromosome.

ʻO AML kamaliʻi i ke kala kala

I ka wā kamaliʻi AML i ke kala ʻia, ua mālama ʻia ka maʻi a loaʻa kēia mau mea:

• ʻO ka helu piha o ke koko he aneane maʻamau.

• Ma lalo o 5% o nā hunaola i loko o ka iwi iwi nā puhi (leukemia cells).

• ʻAʻohe hōʻailona a hōʻailona paha o ka leukemia i ka lolo, ka iwi kuamoo, a me nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

Ua hoʻi hou ʻo AML kamaliʻi ma hope o ka mālama ʻia ʻana.

I ka wā kamaliʻi AML, hoʻi paha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ke koko a me ka iwi o ka iwi a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino, e like me ka ʻōnaehana waena (lolo a me ka iwi kuamoo).

I ka reflexory AML kamaliʻi, ʻaʻole pane ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ka lāʻau.

Laulā Manaʻo Option Oponopono

NA MANA KUNI

• Aia nā ʻano lapaʻau like ʻole no nā keiki me AML, TAM, APL, JMML, CML, a me MDS.

• Hoʻolālā ʻia ka mālama ʻana e kahi hui o nā lawelawe mālama ola i loea i ka mālama ʻana i ka leukemia kamaliʻi a me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe o ke koko.

• Hoʻomaʻamaʻa no ka wā kamaliʻi myeloid leukemia hiki i nā hopena ʻaoʻao.

• ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka wā kamaliʻi AML ʻelua mau hanana.

• Hoʻohana ʻia ʻehiku mau ʻano o ka mālama maʻamau no ka wā kamaliʻi AML, TAM, APL kamaliʻi, JMML, CML kamaliʻi, a me MDS.

• ʻO Chemotherapy

• Lapaʻau hoʻomākala

• Ke kuʻi ʻōnaʻi ʻōnaeho

• Pahuhopu kau ʻia

• Laau lāʻau ʻē aʻe

• Ke kali kiaʻi nei

• Mālama kākoʻo

• Ke hoʻāʻo ʻia nei nā ʻano lapaʻau hou i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.

• Immunotherapy

• Makemake paha nā mea maʻi e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana.

• Hiki i nā mea maʻi ke komo i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ma mua, i ka wā, a ma hope paha o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i kā lākou mālama maʻi ʻaʻai.

• Pono paha nā hoʻokolohua ukali.

Aia nā ʻano lapaʻau like ʻole no nā keiki me AML, TAM, APL, JMML, CML, a me MDS.

Loaʻa nā ʻano lapaʻau like ʻole no nā keiki me ka myeloid leukemia (AML), myelopoiesis transient (TAM), leukemia promyelosittic (APL), leukemia myelomonosittic (JMML), myelogenous leukemia (CML), a me myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). . Kūlana maʻamau kekahi mau hōʻailona (ʻo ka lāʻau i hoʻohana ʻia i kēia manawa), a ʻo kekahi e hoʻāʻo ʻia nei i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua. ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua lapaʻau kahi noiʻi noiʻi i manaʻo ʻia e kōkua i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā mālama ʻana i kēia manawa a i ʻole loaʻa ka ʻike e pili ana i nā mālama hou no nā maʻi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Ke hōʻike nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kahi lapaʻau hou ma mua o ka maʻamau maʻamau, lilo paha ka lāʻau hou i ka lapaʻau maʻamau.

Ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻole o ka AML a me nā maʻi myeloid ʻē aʻe i nā keiki, pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia i kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua. ʻO kekahi mau hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e wehe wale ʻia i nā mea maʻi ʻaʻole i hoʻomaka i ka lāʻau.

Hoʻolālā ʻia ka mālama ʻana e kahi hui o nā lawelawe mālama ola i loea i ka mālama ʻana i ka leukemia kamaliʻi a me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe o ke koko.

E mālama ʻia ka lapaʻau ʻana e kahi oncologist pediatric, he kauka i loea i ka mālama ʻana i nā keiki me ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Hana ka oncologist pediatric me nā mea lawelawe olakino ʻē aʻe i loea i ka mālama ʻana i nā keiki me ka leukemia a me ka poʻe loea i kekahi mau wahi o ka lāʻau. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia mau mea i lalo:

• Kahuna Pediatrician.

• Hematologist.

• Oncologist lapaʻau.

• Kauka ʻōpio.

• Oncologist uila.

• Neurologist.

• Neuropathologist.

• Neuroradiologist.

• ʻO ka loea kahu maʻi Pediatric.

• Limahana limahana.

• Lapaʻau hoʻōla.

• ʻOlogistlapa psychologist.

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa no ka wā kamaliʻi myeloid leukemia hiki i nā hopena ʻaoʻao.

No ka ʻike e pili ana i nā hopena i hoʻomaka i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ʻike i kā mākou ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao.

He mea nui nā hoʻokolohua ukali maʻamau. ʻO nā hopena ʻē aʻe mai ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai e hoʻomaka ma hope o ka mālama ʻana a hoʻomau no nā mahina a i ʻole mau makahiki e kapa ʻia nā hopena hopena. Hiki i nā hopena hope loa o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ke hoʻopili i kēia mau mea:

• Nā pilikia o ke kino.

• Nā loli i ke ʻano, nā manaʻo, ka noʻonoʻo, ke aʻo ʻana, a me ka hoʻomanaʻo paha.

• Nā maʻi ʻelua (nā ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai hou).

E mālama a kāohi ʻia paha kekahi mau hopena hopena. He mea nui i nā mākua o nā keiki e mālama ʻia no AML a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi ʻē aʻe e kamaʻilio me nā kauka o kā lākou keiki e pili ana i nā hopena o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai i kā lākou keiki. (E ʻike i ka hōʻuluʻulu e pili ana i nā hopena hope o ka mālama ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻa kamaliʻi no ka ʻike hou aku).

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka wā kamaliʻi AML ʻelua mau hanana.

Hana ʻia ka mālama ʻana i ka wā kamaliʻi AML i nā hanana:

• Hoʻoponopono hoʻokomo: ʻO kēia ka pae mua o ka lapaʻau. ʻO ka pahuhopu e pepehi i nā huna leukemia i ke koko a me ka iwi o ka iwi. Hoʻokomo kēia i ka leukemia i ke kala.

• Hoʻohui / hoʻoikaika hoʻoikaika: ʻO kēia ka lua o ka pae o ka lapaʻau. Hoʻomaka ia ke kala ʻia ka leukemia. ʻO ka pahuhopu o ka therapy ka mea e pepehi i nā huna leukemia i koe e peʻe nei a ʻaʻole ikaika paha akā hiki ke hoʻomaka i ka hoʻoulu hou ʻana a hana i kahi hoʻi hou.

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ka ʻōnaehana kikowaena waena (CNS) prophylaxis therapy i ka manawa o ka induction phase of therapy. Ma muli o ka hiki ʻole o nā mahele lāʻau maʻamau o ka chemotherapy i nā huna leukemia ma ka CNS (lolo a me nā iwi kuamoo), hiki i nā leukemia ke hūnā i ka CNS. Hiki i ka chemotherapy Intrathecal ke kiʻi i nā huna leukemia i ka CNS. Hāʻawi ʻia ia e pepehi i nā huna leukemia a hoʻemi i ka manawa e hoʻi hou ai ka leukemia (hoʻi mai).

Hoʻohana ʻia ʻehiku mau ʻano o ka mālama maʻamau no ka wā kamaliʻi AML, TAM, APL kamaliʻi, JMML, CML kamaliʻi, a me MDS.

ʻO Chemotherapy

ʻO Chemotherapy kahi lāʻau lapaʻau maʻi maʻi e hoʻohana i nā lāʻau e hōʻoki i ka ulu ʻana o nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai, ma ka luku ʻana i nā hunaola a i ʻole ke kāpae ʻana iā lākou mai ka hoʻokaʻawale. Ke lawe ʻia ka chemotherapy e ka waha a i ʻole injected i loko o kahi aa koko a i ʻole nā ​​mākala, komo nā lāʻau i ke kahe o ke koko a hiki ke kiʻi i nā hunaola maʻi ʻōpio i loko o ke kino (chemotherapy ʻōnaehana). Ke waiho pololei ʻia ka chemotherapy i loko o ka wai cerebrospinal (chemotherapy intrathecal), kahi okana, a i ʻole he kino o ke kino e like me ka ʻōpū, pili ka lāʻau i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o kēlā mau wahi (chemotherapy ʻāina). Hoʻohui ka chemotherapy hoʻohui me ka hoʻohana ʻana ma mua o hoʻokahi lāʻau chemotherapy.

Hāʻawi ʻia ke ala o ka chemotherapy i ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai e mālama ʻia. I ka AML, hāʻawi ʻia ka chemotherapy e ka waha, aʻa, a i ʻole i loko o ka wai cerebrospinal.

I ka AML, e hohola paha nā huna leukemia i ka lolo a me / a i ʻole ka iwi kuamoʻo. Hāʻawi ʻia ʻo Chemotherapy e ka waha a i ʻole ka ʻaʻa e mālama iā AML ʻaʻole e hele i ka pale o ka lolo e komo i ka wai e hoʻopuni ana i ka lolo a me ka iwi kuamoʻo. Ma kahi o, ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka chemotherapy i loko o ka piha piha i ka wai e pau ai nā leukemia i pālahalaha ʻia ma laila (chemotherapy intrathecal).

ʻO ka chemotherapy Intrathecal. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā lāʻau Anticancer i loko o ka intrathecal space, ʻo ia kahi e paʻa ai ka wai cerebrospinal (CSF, i hōʻike ʻia i ka polū). ʻElua ala ʻokoʻa e hana ai i kēia. ʻO kahi ala, i hōʻike ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao kiʻekiʻe o ke kiʻi, e hoʻokomo i nā lāʻau i loko o kahi waihona wai o Ommaya (kahi ipu kope e waiho ʻia ma lalo o ka ʻili i ka wā o ke ʻoki kino ). ʻO ke ala ʻē aʻe, i hōʻike ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao lalo o ke kiʻi, e hoʻopili pono i nā lāʻau i loko o ka CSF ma ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ke kolamu iwi, ma hope o ka numbed o kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi ma ka ʻaoʻao i lalo.

E ʻike i nā lāʻau i ʻae ʻia no Acute Myeloid Leukemia no ka ʻike hou aku.

Lapaʻau hoʻomākala

ʻO ka radiation radiation kahi lāʻau maʻi maʻi maʻi e hoʻohana i nā kukuna x nui ikaika a i ʻole nā ​​ʻano radiation e hoʻomake i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai a mālama ʻole paha i ka ulu ʻana. ʻElua ʻano o radiation radiation:

• Hoʻohana ka radiation radiation kūwaho i kahi mīkini ma waho o ke kino e hoʻouna i ka radiation i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

• Hoʻohana ka radiation radiation i loko i kahi lāʻau radioactive i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā nila, nā hua, nā uea, a i ʻole nā ​​catheters i kau pololei ʻia i loko a kokoke paha i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Hāʻawi ʻia ke ala o ka radiation radiation i ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai e mālama ʻia. I ka wā kamaliʻi AML, hiki i ka radiation radiation kūwaho ke hoʻohana ʻia e mālama ai i kahi chloroma e pane ʻole i ka chemotherapy.

Ke kuʻi ʻōnaʻi ʻōnaeho

Hāʻawi ʻia ʻo Chemotherapy e pepehi i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai a i ʻole nā ​​ʻola koko ʻē aʻe. Hoʻopau pū ʻia nā hunaola olakino, e like me nā hunaola koko, e ka lāʻau maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻO ka transplant cell Stem kahi lapaʻau e pani i nā hunaola koko. Lawe ʻia nā hunaola ʻōpala (ʻaʻaʻa ʻole o ke koko) mai ke koko a i ʻole ka iwi o ka mea maʻi a i ʻole he mea hāʻawi a hoʻopaʻa ʻia a mālama ʻia. Ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka chemotherapy i ka mea hoʻomanawanui, hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā pūnaewele i mālama ʻia a hoʻihoʻi ʻia i ka mea maʻi ma o ka infusion. E ulu kēia mau hunaola i (a hoʻihoʻi) i nā huna koko o ke kino.

Ke kuʻi ʻōnaʻi ʻōnaeho. (ʻAnuʻu 1): Lawe ʻia ke koko mai kahi aa i ka lima o ka mea hāʻawi. ʻO ka mea hoʻomanawanui a kanaka ʻē aʻe paha ka mea hāʻawi. Kahe ke koko i loko o kahi mīkini e hemo i nā hunaola kūmole. A laila hoʻihoʻi ʻia ke koko i ka mea hāʻawi ma o kahi aa i loko o ka lima ʻē aʻe. (ʻAnuʻu 2): Loaʻa i ka mea maʻi ka chemotherapy e pepehi i nā hunaola koko. Loaʻa i ka mea maʻi ka radiation radiation (ʻaʻole i hōʻike ʻia). (ʻAnuʻu 3): Loaʻa i ka mea maʻi ka maʻi ma o ka catheter i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o kahi kīʻaha koko i ka umauma.

Pahuhopu kau ʻia

ʻO ka therapy target kahi ʻano lapaʻau e hoʻohana i nā lāʻau a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻē aʻe e ʻike a hoʻouka i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai me ka ʻole e hōʻeha i nā hunaola maʻamau. ʻO nā ʻano o ka hoʻomōhala hoʻomāka ʻia me kēia mau mea:

• Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻo Tyrosine kinase inhibitor: kāohi ʻo Tyrosine kinase (TKI) i nā hōʻailona e pono ai e ulu nā tumors. Pōloli ʻo TKI i ka enzyme (tyrosine kinase) i kumu e lilo i mau hunaola keokeo (blasts) ma mua o ke kino e pono ai. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo TKI me nā lāʻau chemotherapy ma ke ʻano he adjuvant therapy (lapaʻau i hāʻawi ʻia ma hope o ka hana mua, e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ai i ka makaʻu e hoʻi hou mai ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

• ʻO Imatinib, dasatinib, a me nilotinib kekahi ʻano o TKI i hoʻohana ʻia e mālama i ka CML kamaliʻi.

• Ke aʻo ʻia nei ʻo Sorafenib a me trametinib i ka mālama ʻana i ka leukemia kamaliʻi.

• Monoclonal antibody therapy: Hoʻohana ka monoclonal antibody therapy i nā mea pale i hana ʻia i loko o ke keʻena hoʻokolohua, mai kahi ʻano hoʻokahi o ka pūnaewele immune system. Hiki i kēia mau lāʻau ʻino ke hoʻomaopopo i nā mea ma nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai a i ʻole nā ​​mea maʻamau e kōkua ai i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. Hoʻopili nā mea ʻino i nā mea a pepehi i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai, ālai i ko lākou ulu ʻana, a i ʻole mālama iā lākou mai ka hoʻolaha ʻana. Hāʻawi ʻia nā antibodies Monoclonal e ka hoʻokomo. Hoʻohana wale ʻia lākou a i ʻole lawe i nā lāʻau, toxins, a i ʻole radioactive pono i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai.

• ʻO Gemtuzumab kahi ʻano o ka monoclonal antibody i hoʻopili ʻia i kahi lāʻau chemotherapy. Hoʻohana ʻia ia i ka mālama ʻana o AML.

ʻO Selinexor kahi lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻomākaukau ʻia e hoʻopaʻa ʻia e mālama ai i ka AML kamaliʻi.

E ʻike i nā lāʻau i ʻae ʻia no Leukemia no ka ʻike hou aku.

Laau lāʻau ʻē aʻe

Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Lenalidomide e hoʻēmi ai i ka pono no ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi i nā mea maʻi i loaʻa i ka myelodysplastic syndromes i hoʻokumu ʻia e kahi loli chromosome kikoʻī. Ke aʻo ʻia nei nō hoʻi i ka mālama ʻana i nā keiki me ka AML hou a hoʻi hou.

ʻO Arsenic trioxide a me all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) nā lāʻau e hoʻomake i kekahi mau ʻano leukemia, e hoʻōki i nā leukemia mai ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, a i ʻole kōkua i nā huna leukemia i oʻo i loko o nā hunaola keʻokeʻo. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau lāʻau i ka mālama ʻana i ka leukemia promyelocytic koʻikoʻi.

E ʻike i nā lāʻau i ʻae ʻia no Acute Myeloid Leukemia no ka ʻike hou aku.

Ke kali kiaʻi nei

Ke kali nei ke kiaʻi me ka nānā pono ʻana i ke ʻano o ka mea maʻi me ka ʻole o ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā lāʻau a hiki i ka wā e ʻike ʻia ai nā hōʻailona a i ʻole nā ​​loli. Hoʻohana ʻia ia i kekahi manawa e mālama iā MDS a i ʻole myelopoiesis abnormal transient (TAM).

Mālama kākoʻo

Hāʻawi ʻia ke kākoʻo kākoʻo e hōʻemi i nā pilikia i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi a i ʻole kāna mālama ʻana. Loaʻa nā maʻi āpau me ka leukemia i nā mālama mālama kōkua. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka mālama i kākoʻo i kēia mau mea:

• Hoʻomaʻamaʻa transfusion: kahi ala e hāʻawi ai i nā hunaola ʻulaʻula, nā hunaola keokeo, a i ʻole nā ​​platelet e pani i nā hunaola koko i luku ʻia e ka maʻi a i ʻole ka lāʻau maʻi maʻi maʻi. Hāʻawi ʻia ke koko mai kahi mea ʻē aʻe a i ʻole lawe ʻia paha ia mai ka mea maʻi a mālama a hiki i ka wā e pono ai.

• ʻO ka hoʻōla lāʻau, e like me antibiotics a i ʻole nā ​​mea antifungal.

• Leukapheresis: kahi hana e hoʻohana ʻia ai kahi mīkini kūikawā e hemo ai i nā hunaola keokeo mai ke koko. Lawe ʻia ke koko mai ka mea maʻi a waiho ʻia i loko o kahi hoʻokaʻawale o ke koko kahi e hemo ai nā hunaola keʻokeʻo. A laila hoʻihoʻi ʻia ke koena o ke koko i ke kahena o ka mea maʻi. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Leukapheresis e mālama i nā mea maʻi me nā helu o ke keʻokeʻo kiʻekiʻe keokeo.

Ke hoʻāʻo ʻia nei nā ʻano lapaʻau hou i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.

Hōʻike kēia ʻāpana hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo i nā mālama e hoʻopaʻa ʻia nei i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua. ʻAʻole paha ia e ʻōlelo i kēlā me kēia lapaʻau hou e hoʻopaʻa ʻia ana. Loaʻa nā ʻike e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua mai ka pūnaewele NCI.

Immunotherapy

ʻO ka Immunotherapy kahi lapaʻau e hoʻohana i ka ʻōnaehana pale maʻi o ka mea maʻi e hakakā i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Hoʻohana ʻia nā mea i hana ʻia e ke kino a i hana ʻia paha i kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua e hoʻonui, kuhikuhi, a hoʻihoʻi hou i nā pale kūlohelohe o ke kino i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Kāhea ʻia kēia ʻano o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai a biotherapy a i ʻole therapy biological.

Makemake paha nā mea maʻi e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana.

No kekahi mau mea maʻi, ke komo nei i ka hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ke koho lapaʻau maikaʻi loa paha. ʻO nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua kahi ʻāpana o ka noiʻi ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e ʻike inā palekana a maikaʻi a maikaʻi paha nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa maʻi ʻaʻai ma mua o ka maʻamau maʻamau.

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā hana maʻamau no ka maʻi ʻaʻai i kau ʻia ma nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua mua. ʻO nā mea maʻi i komo i ka hoʻokolokolo hoʻokolohua hiki ke loaʻa i ka lāʻau maʻamau a i ʻole i waena o nā mea mua i loaʻa kahi lāʻau hou.

ʻO nā mea maʻi i komo i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua kōkua pū kekahi i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ka wā e hiki mai ana. ʻOiai ʻaʻole nā ​​alakaʻi hoʻokolohua e alakaʻi i nā hoʻoponopono hou maikaʻi, pane pinepine lākou i nā nīnau nui a kōkua i ka neʻe i mua o ka noiʻi.

Hiki i nā mea maʻi ke komo i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ma mua, i ka wā, a ma hope paha o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i kā lākou mālama maʻi ʻaʻai. Hoʻopili wale kekahi mau hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua i nā mea maʻi i loaʻa ʻole ka lapaʻau. ʻO nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe e hōʻoia i nā mālama ʻana no ka poʻe maʻi i loaʻa ʻole ka maikaʻi o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Aia kekahi mau hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e hoʻāʻo i nā ala hou e hōʻoki i ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai ka hoʻi hou ʻana (hoʻi ʻana) a hōʻemi paha i nā hopena o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Ke mālama ʻia nei nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ma nā wahi he nui o ka ʻāina. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka ʻike e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e kākoʻo ʻia e NCI ma ka pūnaewele ʻimi noiʻi hoʻokolohua a NCI. Hiki ke loaʻa nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua i kākoʻo ʻia e nā hui ʻē aʻe ma ka pūnaewele ClinicalTrials.gov.

Pono paha nā hoʻokolohua ukali.

ʻO kekahi o nā hoʻokolohua i hana ʻia e hōʻoia i ka maʻi ʻaʻai a i ʻole e ʻike i ke kahua o ka maʻi ʻaʻaʻa e hana hou ʻia paha. E hana hou ʻia kekahi mau hōʻike i mea e ʻike ai i ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana. Hoʻoholo ʻia nā hoʻoholo e pili ana inā e hoʻomau, hoʻololi, a kū paha i ka lāʻau ʻana ma nā hopena o kēia mau hoʻāʻo.

E hoʻomau ʻia kekahi o nā hoʻokolohua mai kēlā me kēia manawa ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka lāʻau. Hiki i nā hopena o kēia mau hoʻāʻo ke hōʻike inā ua loli ke ʻano o kāu keiki a i ʻole ua hoʻi hou ke kanesa. Kapa ʻia kēia mau hoʻāʻo i kekahi manawa nā hoʻokolohua ukali a i ʻole nā ​​loiloi.

Nā koho lapaʻau ʻana no ka wā kamaliʻi Myeloid Leukemia

No ka ʻike e pili ana i nā lāʻau i helu ʻia ma lalo, e ʻike i ka ʻaoʻao Overtion Option Overview.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ke kamaliʻi myeloid leukemia (AML) i loiloi hou ʻia i ka manawa o ke ʻano induction e komo pū paha me kēia:

• Hoʻohui chemotherapy.

• Hoʻopaʻa kaulike ʻia me kahi antibody monoclonal (gemtuzumab).

• ʻO ke kikowaena waena ʻōnaehana prophylaxis therapy me ka chemotherapy intrathecal.

• ʻO ka radiation radiation, no nā mea maʻi me ka sarcoma granulocytic (chloroma) inā ʻaʻole holo ka chemotherapy.

• Ka lawe ʻana o nā hunaola, no nā mea maʻi me ka AML e pili ana i ka lāʻau.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka AML kamaliʻi i ka manawa o ke kala kala (consolidation / intensification therapy) kaukaʻi ʻia i ka subtype o AML a hiki ke hoʻopili i kēia mau mea:

• Hoʻohui chemotherapy.

• ʻO ka chemotherapy lāʻau kiʻekiʻe e ukali ʻia e ka transplant cell stem e hoʻohana ana i nā hunaola koko mai kahi mea hāʻawi.

Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa o AML refactory keiki i kēia:

• Hoʻomaʻo Lenalidomide.

• ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o ka chemotherapy a me ka hoʻomohala hoʻomoe (selinexor).

• ʻO kahi regima chemotherapy hui pū hou.

Hoʻomaopopo paha ka mālama ʻana i ka wā kamaliʻi AML i kēia mau mea:

• Hoʻohui chemotherapy.

• ʻO ka chemotherapy hoʻohui a me ka transplant cell stem, no nā mea maʻi i loaʻa i ka lua o ke kala piha.

• ʻO ka lua o ka transplant cell stem, no nā mea maʻi i hoʻi ka maʻi ma hope o ke transplant cell stem.

• ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o ka chemotherapy a me ka hoʻomohala hoʻomoe (selinexor).

Nā koho lapaʻau no Myelopoiesis Transient Abnormal a i ʻole Nā keiki me Down Syndrome a me AML

No ka ʻike e pili ana i nā lāʻau i helu ʻia ma lalo, e ʻike i ka ʻaoʻao Overtion Option Overview.

Hele maʻamau myelopoiesis kuapo (TAM) iā ia iho. No ka TAM ʻaʻole hele aku ma ona iho a i ʻole e kumu i nā pilikia olakino ʻē aʻe, e hoʻopili ʻia ka mālama ʻana i kēia mau mea:

• Mālama kākoʻo, e like me ka transfusion therapy a i ʻole leukapheresis.

• ʻO Chemotherapy.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka leukemia myeloid nui (AML) i nā keiki he 4 a ʻoi paha mau makahiki i loaʻa iā Down Syndrome e hoʻopili pū ʻia penei:

• Hoʻohui chemotherapy a me ke kikowaena pūnaewele ʻōnaehana prophylaxis therapy me chemotherapy intrathecal.

• ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o kahi regima chemotherapy hou e pili ana i ka pane a ke keiki i ka chemotherapy mua.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka AML i nā keiki ma mua o 4 mau makahiki i loaʻa iā Down syndrome e like paha me ka mālama ʻana no nā keiki me Down Syndrome.

Nā koho lapaʻau no ka Leukemia Promyelocytic Kamaliʻi

No ka ʻike e pili ana i nā lāʻau i helu ʻia ma lalo, e ʻike i ka ʻaoʻao Overtion Option Overview.

ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā kamaliʻi promyelocytic leukemia (APL) hou i ʻike ʻia e like me kēia:

• All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) me ka chemotherapy.

• ʻO Arsenic trioxide therapy.

• ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o ATRA a me arsenic trioxide therapy me a i ʻole chemotherapy.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka wā kamaliʻi APL i ka wā o ke kala kala (consolidation / intensification therapy) hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia i kēia mau mea:

• All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) me ka chemotherapy.

Hiki i ka mālama ʻana i ka wā kamaliʻi APL ke hoʻopili i kēia mau mea:

• ʻO Arsenic trioxide therapy.

• All-trans retinoic acid therapy (ATRA) me ka chemotherapy.

• Hoʻopaʻa kaulike ʻia me kahi antibody monoclonal (gemtuzumab).

• ʻO ke kāpili ʻana o ke koʻokoʻo i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hunaola koko mai ka mea maʻi a i ʻole mea hāʻawi.

Nā koho mālama no Juvenile Myelomonosittic Leukemia

No ka ʻike e pili ana i nā lāʻau i helu ʻia ma lalo, e ʻike i ka ʻaoʻao Overtion Option Overview.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka leukemia myelomonosittic ʻōpio (JMML) hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia i kēia mau mea:

• Hoʻohui chemotherapy ukali ʻia e ka transplant cell stem. Inā kū hou ʻo JMML ma hope o ke transplant cell stem, hiki ke hana i kahi transplant cell ʻelua.

Hoʻomaopopo paha ka mālama ʻana i ka wā kamaliʻi JMML i nā mea hou:

• ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o ka lāʻau hoʻomoʻa ʻia me kahi mea hōʻoki tyrosine kinase (trametinib).

Nā koho lapaʻau ʻana no ka wā kamaliʻi Myelogenous Leukemia

No ka ʻike e pili ana i nā lāʻau i helu ʻia ma lalo, e ʻike i ka ʻaoʻao Overtion Option Overview.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana no ka leukemia myelogenous mau loa o ka wā kamaliʻi (CML) hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia i kēia mau mea:

• Hoʻopaʻa kaulike ʻia me kahi mea hōʻoki kine tyrosine kinase (imatinib, dasatinib, a i ʻole nilotinib).

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ka CML refactory a i ʻole hoʻi hou i ka wā kamaliʻi CML:

• Hoʻopaʻa kaulike ʻia me kahi mea hōʻoki kine tyrosine kinase (dasatinib a i ʻole nilotinib).

• ʻO ke kāpili ʻana o ke koʻokoʻo i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hunaola koko mai kahi mea hāʻawi.

Nā koho lapaʻau ʻana no ka Childhood Myelodysplastic Syndromes

No ka ʻike e pili ana i nā lāʻau i helu ʻia ma lalo, e ʻike i ka ʻaoʻao Overtion Option Overview.

Hoʻomaopopo paha i ka mālama ʻana i ka myelodysplastic syndromes kamaliʻi (MDS) i kēia mau mea:

• ʻO ke kāpili ʻana o ke koʻokoʻo i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hunaola koko mai kahi mea hāʻawi.

• Mālama kōkua, ʻo ia hoʻi ka transfusion therapy a me nā lāʻau ʻaloʻalo.

• Lenalidomide therapy, no nā mea maʻi me kekahi ʻano loli.

• ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o ka therapy i hoʻomākaukau ʻia.

Inā lilo ka MDS i mea maʻi myeloid leukemia (AML), like ka mālama ʻana me ka lapaʻau ʻana no ka AML hou.

E aʻo hou e pili ana i ka wā kamaliʻi Myeloid Leukemia a me nā maʻi maʻi Myeloid ʻē aʻe

No ka ʻike hou aku mai ka National Cancer Institute e pili ana i ka leukemia myeloid ākea a me nā maʻi maʻi myeloid ʻē aʻe, e ʻike i kēia:

• Ua ʻae ʻia nā lāʻau no Acute Myeloid Leukemia

• Ua ʻae ʻia nā lāʻau no Myeloproliferative Neoplasms

• ʻO nā Transplant Cell-Blood Stem

• ʻO nā Therapy Cancer i kau ʻia

No ka ʻike hou aku i ka maʻi ʻaʻai kamaliʻi a me nā kumuwaiwai maʻi ʻaʻai ʻē aʻe, e ʻike i ka mea aʻe:

• E pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai

• Nā maʻi ʻōpio

• Huli ʻo Cure no ka hōʻole ʻana i nā maʻi ʻaʻai keiki

• Nā hopena hope loa o ka mālama ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai kamaliʻi

• ʻO nā ʻōpio a me nā ʻōpio me ka maʻi ʻaʻai

• Nā keiki me ka maʻi ʻaʻai: He alakaʻi no nā mākua

• Ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio

• Ke hoʻokū nei

• Ke kāohi nei i ka maʻi ʻaʻai

• Nā nīnau e nīnau ai i kāu kauka e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai

• No nā mea ola a me nā mea mālama