Nau'o'in / thymoma / haƙuri / yaro-maganin-maganin-pdq
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Yara Thymoma na Yara da Jiyya na Carcinoma na Thymic (®) –Shafin haƙuri
Janar Bayani Game da Thymoma da Thymic Carcinoma
MAGANAN MAGANA
- Thymoma da carcinoma na thymic cututtuka ne da ke haifar da ƙwayoyin cuta masu kamala (cancer) a cikin thymus.
- Alamomi da alamomin cutar sankara da cutar sankara ta jiki sun hada da tari da matsalar numfashi.
- Yaran da ke da cututtukan thymoma ko na sankarau na iya samun wasu matsalolin lafiya.
- Ana amfani da gwaje-gwajen da ke bincikar thymus da kirji don taimakawa wajen tantance cututtukan thymoma da carcinoma na thymic.
- Wasu dalilai suna shafar hangen nesa (damar dawowa).
Thymoma da carcinoma na thymic cututtuka ne da ke haifar da ƙwayoyin cuta masu kamala (cancer) a cikin thymus.
Thymoma da thymic carcinoma nau'ikan ciwon daji ne guda biyu waɗanda za su iya samuwa a cikin ƙwayoyin da ke rufe farfajiyar ta waje. Thymus wani karamin sashi ne a kirjin sama a karkashin kashin mama. Yana daga cikin tsarin lymph kuma yana sanya fararen jini, wadanda ake kira lymphocytes, wadanda ke taimakawa yaki da kamuwa da cuta. Wadannan cututtukan daji yawanci suna yaduwa tsakanin huhu a gaba na kirjin kuma galibi ana samunsu yayin x-ray din kirji wanda akeyi saboda wani dalili.
Kodayake thymoma da thymic carcinoma sun kasance a cikin irin kwayar halitta, suna aiki daban:
- Thymoma. Kwayoyin cutar kansa suna kama da kwayoyin al'ada na yau da kullun, suna girma a hankali, kuma ba safai suke yadawa ba. Ciwon ciki yana iya zama ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta a tsawon lokaci.
- Carcinoma mai yaduwa Kwayoyin cutar kansa ba su yi kama da kwayoyin al'ada na thymus ba, suna saurin girma, kuma suna iya yaduwa zuwa wasu sassan jiki.
Sauran nau'ikan ciwace-ciwacen ƙwayoyi, kamar su lymphoma ko ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta, na iya samarwa a cikin kumburin ciki, amma ba a ɗauka su a matsayin thymoma ko thymic carcinoma.
Alamomi da alamomin cutar sankara da cutar sankara ta jiki sun hada da tari da matsalar numfashi.
Wadannan da sauran alamu da alamomi na iya faruwa ne ta sanadin cutar sankara da kumburin ciki ko wasu yanayi.
Binciki likitan ɗanka idan ɗanka yana da ɗayan masu zuwa:
- Tari.
- Rashin numfashi.
- Jin zafi ko tsananin ji a kirji.
- Matsalar haɗiye.
- Rashin tsufa.
- Zazzaɓi.
- Rage nauyi.
- Ciwon mara mai ƙyama.
Yaran da ke da cututtukan thymoma ko na sankarau na iya samun wasu matsalolin lafiya.
Yaran da ke da cututtukan thymoma ko cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta na iya samun ɗayan cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta masu zuwa ko cututtukan hormone:
- Yankin Myasthenia.
- Pure ja cell aplasia.
- Hypogammaglobulinemia.
- Ciwon Nephrotic.
- Scleroderma.
- Dermatomyositis.
- Lupus.
- Rheumatoid amosanin gabbai.
- Ciwan thyroid.
- Ciwon hawan jini.
- Addison cuta.
- Panhypopituitarism.
Ana amfani da gwaje-gwajen da ke bincikar thymus da kirji don taimakawa wajen tantance cututtukan thymoma da carcinoma na thymic.
Za a iya amfani da waɗannan gwaje-gwajen da hanyoyin:
- Jarabawa ta jiki da tarihin lafiya: Jarabawa ta jiki don bincika alamomin lafiya gaba ɗaya, gami da bincika alamun cuta, kamar kumburi ko wani abu da kamar baƙon abu. Za a kuma ɗauki tarihin al'adun lafiyar marasa lafiya da cututtukan da suka gabata da magunguna.
- Kirjin x-ray: X-ray na gabobin da kasusuwa a cikin kirji. X-ray wani irin katako ne na katako wanda zai iya ratsa jiki zuwa fim, yana yin hoton wurare a cikin jiki.
- CT scan (CAT scan): Hanya ce da ke yin jerin hotuna dalla-dalla na wurare a cikin jiki, waɗanda aka ɗauka daga kusurwa daban-daban. Ana yin hotunan ne ta wata kwamfuta da aka haɗa ta da na'urar da ke ɗauke da x-ray. Ana iya yin allurar fenti a cikin jijiya ko haɗiye don taimakawa gabobin ko kyallen takarda su fito fili karara. Wannan hanya ana kiranta yanayin ƙididdigar lissafi, ƙirar kwamfuta, ko ƙirar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar kwamfuta.
- MRI (hoton maganadisu ): Hanya ce wacce ke amfani da maganadisu, raƙuman rediyo, da kuma kwamfuta don yin jerin hotuna dalla-dalla na wurare a cikin jiki. Wannan hanya ana kiranta kuma ana kiranta hoton maganadisu na maganadisu (NMRI).
- PET scan (positron emission tomography scan): Hanya ce don gano ƙwayoyin cuta masu illa a jiki. An sanya ƙwayar glucose mai ƙarancin rediyo (sukari) a cikin jijiya. Na'urar daukar hoton PET tana juyawa a jiki kuma tana yin hoto inda ake amfani da glucose a jiki. Kwayoyin cuta masu illa suna nuna haske a hoton saboda suna aiki kuma suna ɗaukar glucose fiye da ƙwayoyin al'ada.
- Biopsy: Cirewar ƙwayoyin halitta ko kyallen takarda don a iya kallon su ta hanyar microscope ta hanyar masanin ilimin ɗan adam don bincika alamun kansar.
Wasu dalilai suna shafar hangen nesa (damar dawowa).
Hangen nesa ya dogara da masu zuwa:
- Ko ciwon daji ne thymoma ko thymic carcinoma.
- Ko cutar daji ta bazu zuwa yankunan da ke kusa ko wasu sassan jiki.
- Ko an cire cutar kansa gaba ɗaya ta hanyar tiyata.
- Ko cutar sankara sabuwar cuta ce ko ta sake dawowa (dawo) bayan jiyya.
Hannun riga sun fi kyau yayin da ciwon daji bai bazu zuwa sauran sassan jiki ba. Yarinyar thymoma galibi ana gano ta kafin kumburin ya bazu.
Matakan Thymoma da Thymic Carcinoma
MAGANAN MAGANA
- Bayan an gano cututtukan thymoma ko thymic carcinoma, ana yin gwaji don gano ko ƙwayoyin kansa sun bazu zuwa yankunan da ke kusa ko zuwa wasu sassan jiki.
- Akwai hanyoyi uku da kansar ke yaduwa a jiki.
- Ciwon daji na iya yaduwa daga inda ya fara zuwa sauran sassan jiki.
Bayan an gano cututtukan thymoma ko thymic carcinoma, ana yin gwaji don gano ko ƙwayoyin kansa sun bazu zuwa yankunan da ke kusa ko zuwa wasu sassan jiki.
Hanyar da ake amfani da ita don gano idan kwayar cuta ko thymic carcinoma ta yadu daga thymus zuwa yankunan da ke kusa ko wasu sassan jiki ana kiranta staging. Thymoma da carcinoma na thymic na iya yaduwa zuwa huhu, hanta, kodan, ko rufin da ke kewaye da huhu da zuciya. Ana amfani da sakamakon gwaje-gwaje da hanyoyin da aka yi don tantance cututtukan thymoma ko carcinoma na thymic don taimakawa yanke shawara game da magani.
Wani lokaci thymoma na yara ko cututtukan cututtukan yara na sake dawowa (dawowa) bayan jiyya.
Akwai hanyoyi uku da kansar ke yaduwa a jiki.
Ciwon daji na iya yadawa ta hanyar nama, tsarin lymph, da jini:
- Nama. Ciwon daji yana yaduwa daga inda ya fara ta girma zuwa yankuna na kusa.
- Tsarin Lymph. Ciwon daji yana yaduwa daga inda ya faro ta hanyar shiga cikin ƙwayoyin cuta. Ciwon daji yana bi ta cikin jirgin ruwan lymph zuwa wasu sassan jiki.
- Jini. Ciwon daji yana yaduwa daga inda ya fara ta hanyar shiga cikin jini. Ciwon daji yana bi ta hanyoyin jini zuwa wasu sassan jiki.
Ciwon daji na iya yaduwa daga inda ya fara zuwa sauran sassan jiki.
Lokacin da cutar daji ta bazu zuwa wani sashin jiki, akan kira shi metastasis. Kwayoyin sankara suna ɓata daga inda suka fara (asalin ƙwayar cuta) kuma suna tafiya ta cikin tsarin lymph ko jini.
- Tsarin Lymph. Ciwon daji ya shiga cikin tsarin laminin, ya ratsa ta cikin jiragen ruwan lymph, kuma ya samar da ƙari (metastatic tumo) a wani ɓangaren jiki.
- Jini. Ciwon kansa ya shiga cikin jini, ya bi ta hanyoyin jini, ya samar da ƙari (ƙwayar metastatic) a wani ɓangaren jiki.
Ciwon ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta shine irin ciwon daji kamar asalin farko. Misali, idan kwayar cutar sankara ta yadu zuwa huhu, kwayoyin cutar kansa a cikin huhu hakika kwayoyin kwayar cutar kansa ne. Cutar ita ce cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta, ba ciwon huhu na huhu ba.
Bayanin Zaɓin Jiyya
MAGANAN MAGANA
- Akwai nau'ikan magani iri daban-daban na yara masu fama da cututtukan thymoma ko carcinoma.
- Yaran da ke da cututtukan thymoma ko cututtukan cututtukan thymic ya kamata ƙungiyar likitoci waɗanda suka kware a kan kula da cutar sankara ta yara su shirya maganin su.
- Ana amfani da nau'i biyar na daidaitaccen magani:
- Tiyata
- Radiation far
- Chemotherapy
- Hormone far
- Ciwon da aka yi niyya
- Ana gwada sababbin nau'ikan magani a gwajin asibiti.
- Jiyya na thymoma da thymic carcinoma na iya haifar da sakamako masu illa.
- Marasa lafiya na iya son yin tunani game da shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti.
- Marasa lafiya na iya shiga gwajin asibiti kafin, lokacin, ko bayan fara maganin cutar kansa.
- Ana iya buƙatar gwaje-gwaje na gaba.
Akwai nau'ikan magani iri daban-daban na yara masu fama da cututtukan thymoma ko carcinoma.
Wasu jiyya suna daidaito (magani da ake amfani dashi yanzu), kuma wasu ana gwada su a gwajin asibiti. Gwajin gwajin magani shine binciken bincike wanda aka tsara don taimakawa inganta ingantattun jiyya na yanzu ko samun bayanai game da sababbin jiyya ga marasa lafiya da ciwon daji. Lokacin da gwaji na asibiti ya nuna cewa sabon magani ya fi magani na yau da kullun, sabon magani na iya zama daidaitaccen magani.
Saboda cutar kansa a cikin yara ba safai ba, ya kamata a yi la'akari da shiga cikin gwajin asibiti. Wasu gwaji na asibiti ana buɗe su ne kawai ga marasa lafiyar da basu fara magani ba.
Yaran da ke da cututtukan thymoma ko cututtukan cututtukan thymic ya kamata ƙungiyar likitoci waɗanda suka kware a kan kula da cutar sankara ta yara su shirya maganin su.
Jiyya za ta kula da likitan ilimin likitan yara, likita wanda ya kware kan kula da yara masu cutar kansa. Masanin ilimin likitancin yara yana aiki tare da wasu ƙwararrun likitocin yara waɗanda ƙwararru ne wajen kula da yara masu cutar kansa kuma waɗanda suka ƙware a wasu fannonin magani. Wannan na iya haɗawa da kwararru masu zuwa da sauransu:
- Likitan yara.
- Likitan likitan yara.
- Radiation oncologist
- Masanin ilimin cututtuka.
- Kwararren likitan yara.
- Ma'aikacin zamantakewa.
- Gwanayen gyarawa.
- Masanin ilimin psychologist.
- Kwararren rayuwar yara.
Ana amfani da nau'i biyar na daidaitaccen magani:
Tiyata
Yin aikin tiyata don cire kansar shine babban maganin thymoma da thymic carcinoma. Koyaya, carcinoma mai yaduwa da wuya a cire shi gaba ɗaya ta hanyar tiyata kuma mai yiwuwa ya sake dawowa (dawowa) bayan jiyya.
Radiation far
Radiation therapy magani ne na cutar kansa wanda yake amfani da hasken rana mai ƙarfi ko wasu nau'ikan radiation don kashe ƙwayoyin kansa ko hana su girma. Magungunan radiation na waje yana amfani da wata na'ura a wajen jiki don aika jujjuyawar zuwa jikin jiki da cutar kansa.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy magani ne na cutar kansa wanda ke amfani da magunguna don dakatar da haɓakar ƙwayoyin kansa, ko dai ta hanyar kashe ƙwayoyin ko ta hana su rarraba. Lokacin da ake shan chemotherapy ta baki ko allura a cikin jijiya ko tsoka, magungunan suna shiga cikin jini kuma zasu iya kaiwa ga kwayoyin cutar kansa a cikin jiki duka (systemotherapy chemotherapy).
Hormone far
Maganin Hormone magani ne na cutar kansa wanda ke kawar da homonomi ko toshe aikin su kuma ya hana ƙwayoyin cutar kansa girma. Hormones wasu abubuwa ne waɗanda gland shine yake yinsu a jiki kuma yake gudana ta hanyoyin jini. Wasu kwayoyin na iya haifar da wasu cututtukan kansa. Idan gwaje-gwaje sun nuna cewa kwayoyin cutar kansa suna da wuraren da hormones zasu iya haɗuwa (masu karɓa), ana iya amfani da ƙwayoyi don rage samar da homonu ko toshe su daga aiki. Ana iya amfani da maganin cikin jiki ta amfani da corticosteroids ko octreotide don magance thymoma.
Ciwon da aka yi niyya
Therapywarewar da aka kera wani nau'in magani ne wanda ke amfani da kwayoyi ko wasu abubuwa don ganowa da afkawa takamaiman ƙwayoyin cutar kansa. Ieswararrun hanyoyin kwantar da hankali yawanci suna haifar da toarancin cutarwa ga kwayoyin al'ada fiye da chemotherapy ko maganin radiation.
- Tyrosine kinase inhibitors: Waɗannan magungunan maganin da aka yi niyya suna toshe siginonin da ake buƙata don ciwan ciwone. Ana amfani da Sunitinib don magance thymoma da thymic carcinoma wanda bai amsa wasu jiyya ba.
Ana nazarin ilimin da aka yi niyya don maganin thymoma da carcinoma na thymic wanda ya sake dawowa (dawo).
Ana gwada sababbin nau'ikan magani a gwajin asibiti.
Ana samun bayani game da gwaji na asibiti daga gidan yanar gizon NCI.
Jiyya na thymoma da thymic carcinoma na iya haifar da sakamako masu illa.
Don bayani game da illolin da ke farawa yayin magani don cutar kansa, duba shafin Gurbinmu.
Hanyoyi masu illa daga maganin ciwon daji wanda zai fara bayan jiyya kuma ya ci gaba tsawon watanni ko shekaru ana kiransa sakamako na ƙarshe. Sakamakon sakamako na maganin kansa na iya haɗawa da:
- Matsalolin jiki.
- Canje-canje a cikin yanayi, ji, tunani, ilmantarwa, ko ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya.
- Cancer na biyu (sababbin nau'ikan cutar kansa) ko wasu yanayi.
Wasu maganganun ƙarshen ana iya magance su ko sarrafa su. Yana da mahimmanci a yi magana da likitocin ɗanka game da yiwuwar ƙarshen cututtukan da wasu jiyya suka haifar. Duba taƙaitaccen bayanin akan ƙarshen tasirin Magani don Ciwon Childhoodan yara don ƙarin bayani.
Marasa lafiya na iya son yin tunani game da shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti.
Ga wasu marasa lafiya, shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti na iya zama mafi kyawun zaɓin magani. Gwajin gwaji wani bangare ne na aikin binciken cutar kansa. Ana yin gwaje-gwajen asibiti don gano ko sabbin maganin cutar daji suna da lafiya da tasiri ko kuma sun fi magani na yau da kullun.
Yawancin yau da kullun na yau da kullun don cutar kansa sun dogara ne akan gwajin asibiti na farko. Marasa lafiya da ke cikin gwaji na asibiti na iya karɓar daidaitaccen magani ko kuma su kasance cikin farkon waɗanda za su karɓi sabon magani.
Marasa lafiya da ke shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti suma suna taimakawa inganta hanyar da za a bi da kansar a nan gaba. Koda lokacin gwajin asibiti bai haifar da sababbin magunguna ba, sau da yawa sukan amsa mahimman tambayoyi kuma suna taimakawa ci gaba da bincike gaba.
Marasa lafiya na iya shiga gwajin asibiti kafin, lokacin, ko bayan fara maganin cutar kansa.
Wasu gwaji na asibiti kawai sun haɗa da marasa lafiya waɗanda ba su sami magani ba tukuna. Sauran gwaje-gwajen suna gwada jiyya ga marasa lafiya waɗanda cutar kansa ba ta samu sauki ba. Hakanan akwai gwaji na asibiti da ke gwada sabbin hanyoyin dakatar da cutar kansa daga sake dawowa (dawowa) ko rage tasirin maganin kansar.
Gwajin gwaji na gudana a sassa da yawa na ƙasar. Bayani game da gwajin asibiti wanda NCI ke tallafawa ana iya samun shi akan shafin binciken gwaji na NCI. Ana iya samun gwajin gwaji na asibiti wanda wasu kungiyoyi ke tallafawa akan gidan yanar gizon ClinicalTrials.gov.
Ana iya buƙatar gwaje-gwaje na gaba.
Za a iya maimaita wasu gwaje-gwajen da aka yi don gano cutar kansa ko don gano matakin cutar kansa. Za a maimaita wasu gwaje-gwaje don ganin yadda magani ke aiki. Shawarwari game da ci gaba, canji, ko dakatar da magani na iya dogara ne da sakamakon waɗannan gwaje-gwajen.
Wasu daga cikin gwaje-gwajen za a ci gaba da yi daga lokaci zuwa lokaci bayan an gama jiyya. Sakamakon waɗannan gwaje-gwajen na iya nuna idan yanayin ɗanku ya canza ko kuma idan ciwon daji ya sake dawowa (dawo). Wadannan gwaje-gwajen wasu lokuta ana kiran su gwaje-gwaje na gaba ko dubawa.
Jiyya na Thymoma
Don bayani game da jiyya da aka jera a ƙasa, duba sashin Kula da Zaɓin Jiyya.
Jiyya na sabon cututtukan thymoma na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:
- Yin aikin tiyata don cire mafi yawan kumburi kamar yadda zai yiwu.
- Radiation therapy, don ciwace-ciwacen da ba za a iya cire su ta hanyar tiyata ba ko kuma idan ƙari ya kasance bayan tiyata.
- Chemotherapy, don ciwace-ciwacen da ba su amsa wasu jiyya ba.
- Maganin Hormone (octreotide), don ciwace-ciwacen da ba su amsa wasu jiyya ba.
- Maganin da aka yi niyya (sunitinib), don ciwace-ciwacen da ba su amsa wasu jiyya ba.
Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.
Jiyya na Ciwon Thymic Carcinoma
Don bayani game da jiyya da aka jera a ƙasa, duba sashin Kula da Zaɓin Jiyya.
Jiyya na sabon cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta na iya haɗawa da masu zuwa:
- Yin aikin tiyata don cire mafi yawan kumburi kamar yadda zai yiwu.
- Radiation therapy, don ciwace-ciwacen da ba za a iya cire su ta hanyar tiyata ba ko kuma idan ƙari ya kasance bayan tiyata.
- Chemotherapy, don ciwace-ciwacen da ba su amsa maganin radiation ba.
- Maganin da aka yi niyya (sunitinib), don ciwace-ciwacen da ba su amsa wasu jiyya ba.
Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.
Jiyya na Ciwon Thymoma da Thymic Carcinoma
Don bayani game da jiyya da aka jera a ƙasa, duba sashin Kula da Zaɓin Jiyya.
Jiyya na cututtukan thymoma da carcinoma na yara a cikin yara na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:
- Gwajin gwaji wanda ke bincikar samfurin ƙwayar cutar mai haƙuri don wasu canje-canje na asali. Nau'in maganin da aka yiwa niyya wanda za'a baiwa mai haƙuri ya dogara da nau'in canjin halittar mutum.
Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.
Don Learnara Koyo Game da Thymoma da Thymic Carcinoma
Don ƙarin bayani daga Cibiyar Ciwon aboutwayar Ciwon ymasa game da cutar sankara ta yara da cututtukan sankara, duba mai zuwa:
- Thymoma da Thymic Carcinoma Shafin Gida
- Tomography Tomography (CT) Scans da Ciwon daji
- Magungunan Ciwon Cutar da Aka Yi niyya
Don ƙarin bayani game da cutar sankarar yara da sauran albarkatun kansar gaba ɗaya, duba masu zuwa:
- Game da Ciwon daji
- Ciwon Yara
- Binciken Cure don Ciwon Childrenan yara
- Matsayi na Late na Jiyya don Ciwon Yara
- Matasa da Samari da Ciwon daji
- Yara da Ciwon daji: Jagora ga Iyaye
- Ciwon daji a cikin Yara da Matasa
- Tsayawa
- Yin fama da Ciwon daji
- Tambayoyi don Tambayar Doctor game da Ciwon daji
- Don Tsira da Kulawa
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