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Kulawa da Rhabdomyosarcoma na Yara (®) –Patient Version

Janar Bayani Game da Yara Rhabdomyosarcoma

Yarinyar rhabdomyosarcoma cuta ce wacce ƙwayoyin cuta masu saurin kamuwa da cuta a cikin tsoka.

Rhabdomyosarcoma wani nau'in sarcoma ne. Sarcoma shine ciwon daji na nama mai laushi (kamar tsoka), kayan haɗi (kamar jijiya ko guringuntsi), ko ƙashi. Rhabdomyosarcoma yawanci yakan fara ne a cikin tsokoki waɗanda suke haɗe da ƙashi kuma suna taimakawa jiki motsawa. Rhabdomyosarcoma shine mafi yawan nau'in nau'in sarcoma mai laushi a cikin yara. Zai iya farawa a wurare da yawa a cikin jiki.

Akwai manyan nau'ikan guda uku na rhabdomyosarcoma:

• Embryonal: Wannan nau'in yakan fi faruwa a yankin kai da wuya ko kuma a al'aura ko hanyoyin fitsari, amma yana iya faruwa ko'ina a cikin jiki. Wannan ita ce nau'ikan yaduwar cuta ta rhabdomyosarcoma.

• Alveolar: Wannan nau'in yana faruwa galibi a cikin hannu ko ƙafa, kirji, ciki, gabobin al'aura, ko yankin dubura.

• Anaplastic: Wannan shine mafi ƙarancin nau'in rhabdomyosarcoma a cikin yara.

Duba taƙaitattun magungunan masu zuwa don bayani game da wasu nau'ikan sarcoma mai laushi:

• Yarinya mai laushi Sarcoma

• Babbar Soft Soft Tissue mai Sarcoma

Wasu yanayi na kwayar halitta suna kara haɗarin kamuwa da rhabdomyosarcoma na yara.

Duk abin da ya kara kasadar kamuwa da cuta ana kiran sa mai hadari. Samun haɗari ba ya nufin cewa za ku kamu da cutar kansa; ba tare da haɗarin abubuwan haɗari ba yana nufin cewa ba zaku sami cutar kansa ba. Yi magana da likitan ɗanka idan kana tunanin ɗanka na cikin haɗari.

Abubuwan haɗari ga rhabdomyosarcoma sun haɗa da ciwon cututtuka masu zuwa:

• Ciwon Li-Fraumeni.

• Blastoma mai kwakwalwa.

• Neurofibromatosis nau'in 1 (NF1).

• Ciwon Costello.

• Beckwith-Wiedemann ciwo.

• Ciwon Noonan.

Yaran da ke da nauyin haihuwa mai girma ko kuma suka fi girma fiye da yadda aka zata lokacin haihuwa suna iya samun ƙarin haɗarin embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma.

A mafi yawan lokuta, ba a san dalilin rhabdomyosarcoma ba.

Alamar yarinta rhabdomyosarcoma dunƙule ce ko kumburi da ke ci gaba da ƙaruwa.

Ana iya haifar da alamu da alamomin ta rhabdomyosarcoma ta yara ko ta wasu yanayi. Alamu da alamomin da ke faruwa sun dogara ne da inda ciwon kansa yake. Binciki likitan ɗanka idan ɗanka yana da ɗayan masu zuwa:

• Wani dunkulewa ko kumburi da ke ci gaba da girma ko kuma ba ya tafiya. Yana iya zama mai zafi.

• Bulging na ido.

• Ciwon kai.

• Matsalar yin fitsari ko motsin hanji.

• Jini a cikin fitsari.

• Zuban jini a hanci, makogwaro, farji, ko dubura.

Ana amfani da gwaje-gwajen bincike da kuma biopsy don ganowa (gano) da kuma gano rhabdomyosarcoma na yara.

Gwajin gwajin da aka yi ya dogara ne da sashin kansar. Za a iya amfani da waɗannan gwaje-gwajen da hanyoyin:

• Jarabawa ta jiki da tarihi: Jarabawa ce ta jiki don bincika alamomin lafiya gaba ɗaya, gami da bincika alamun cuta, kamar kumburi ko wani abu da kamar baƙon abu. Za a kuma ɗauki tarihin al'adun lafiyar marasa lafiya da cututtukan da suka gabata da magunguna.

• X-ray: X-ray na gabobin jiki da ƙashi a cikin jiki, kamar kirji. X-ray wani irin katako ne na katako wanda zai iya ratsa jiki zuwa fim, yana yin hoton wurare a cikin jiki.

• CT scan (CAT scan): Hanya ce da ke yin jerin hotuna dalla-dalla na wurare a cikin jiki, kamar kirji, ciki, ƙashin ƙugu, ko kumburin lymph, waɗanda aka ɗauka daga kusurwa daban-daban. Ana yin hotunan ne ta wata kwamfuta da aka haɗa ta da na'urar da ke ɗauke da x-ray. Ana iya yin allurar fenti a cikin jijiya ko haɗiye don taimakawa gabobin ko kyallen takarda su fito fili karara. Wannan hanya ana kiranta yanayin ƙididdigar lissafi, ƙirar kwamfuta, ko ƙirar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar kwamfuta.

Utedididdigar hoto (CT) na ciki. Yaron yana kwance a kan tebur wanda yake zamewa ta cikin na'urar daukar hoto na CT, wanda ke ɗaukar hotunan x-ray na cikin ciki.

• MRI (hoton maganadisu ): Hanya ce wacce ke amfani da maganadisu, igiyar ruwa ta rediyo, da kuma kwamfuta don yin jerin hotuna daki-daki na sassan jiki, kamar kwanyar kai, kwakwalwa, da kuma lymph nodes. Wannan hanya ana kiranta kuma ana kiranta hoton maganadisu na maganadisu (NMRI).

Hanyoyin fuska ta maganadisu (MRI) na ciki. Yaron yana kwance a kan tebur wanda yake zamewa cikin sikanin MRI, wanda ke ɗaukar hotunan cikin jiki. Kushin da ke jikin yaron yana taimaka wajan bayyana hotunan a bayyane.

• PET scan (positron emission tomography scan): Hanya ce don gano ƙwayoyin cuta masu illa a jiki. An sanya ƙwayar glucose mai ƙarancin rediyo (sukari) a cikin jijiya. Na'urar daukar hoton PET tana juyawa a jiki kuma tana yin hoto inda ake amfani da glucose a jiki. Kwayoyin cuta masu illa suna nuna haske a hoton saboda suna aiki kuma suna ɗaukar glucose fiye da ƙwayoyin al'ada.

Positron watsi tomography (PET) scan. Yaron yana kwance akan tebur wanda yake zamewa ta cikin na'urar daukar hoton PET. Hutun kai da farin madauri suna taimaka wa yaron ya kwanta. Ana shigar da ƙaramin gulukos na rediyo (sukari) a cikin jijiyar yaron, kuma na'urar daukar hotan takardu tana yin hoto inda ake amfani da glucose a jiki. Kwayoyin cutar kansa suna nunawa a cikin hoto saboda suna ɗaukar glucose fiye da ƙwayoyin al'ada.

• Binciken ƙashi: Hanya ce don bincika idan akwai ƙwayoyin halitta masu saurin rarrabawa, kamar ƙwayoyin kansa, a cikin ƙashi. Aramin abu kaɗan ne na rediyo ke shiga cikin jijiya kuma yana tafiya ta cikin jini. Kayan aikin radiyo yana tattarawa a cikin kasusuwa tare da cutar kansa kuma na'urar daukar hotan takardu ce ke gano shi.

Binciken kashi. Ana shigar da ƙaramin abu mai tasirin rediyo a cikin jijiyar yaron kuma yana tafiya ta cikin jini. Kayan aikin radiyo yana tattarawa a cikin kasusuwa. Yayinda yaro ke kwance akan tebur wanda yake zamewa a karkashin na'urar daukar hotan takardu, ana gano kayan aikin rediyo kuma ana yin hotuna akan allon kwamfuta.

• Burin kasusuwan kasusuwa da kuma biopsy: Cire kasusuwan kasusuwa, jini, da karamin guntun kashi ta hanyar sanya allura mara kyau a cikin kashin hanji. Ana cire samfura daga ƙashin ƙugu biyu. Wani masanin ilimin ɗan adam ya kalli ɓarkewar jini, jini, da ƙashi a ƙarƙashin madubin likita don neman alamun cutar kansa.

Burin kasusuwa da biopsy. Bayan an lasafta wani karamin yanki na fata, sai a saka allurar kasusuwa ta kashin a cikin kashin cincin yaron. Ana cire samfurorin jini, kashi, da kashin nama don bincike a karkashin wani madubin likita.

• Lumbar puncture: Hanyar da ake amfani da ita don tara ruwa mai ruɓar ciki (CSF) daga sashin kashin baya Ana yin wannan ta sanya allura tsakanin ƙasusuwa biyu a cikin kashin baya da kuma cikin CSF a kewayen ƙashin baya da cire samfurin ruwan. An bincika samfurin CSF a ƙarƙashin microscope don alamun ƙwayoyin kansa. Wannan hanyar ana kiranta LP ko taɓar kashin baya.

Idan waɗannan gwaje-gwajen sun nuna akwai yiwuwar yin rhabdomyosarcoma, ana yin biopsy. Biopsy shine cire ƙwayoyin halitta ko kyallen takarda don haka ana iya kallon su ta hanyar microscope ta ƙwararren masani don bincika alamun kansar. Saboda magani ya dogara da nau'in rhabdomyosarcoma, yakamata likitan da ke da ƙwarewa wajen bincikar maganin rhabdomyosarcoma ya duba samfurin biopsy.

Ana iya amfani da ɗayan nau'ikan biopsies masu zuwa:

• Fatar-allura mai kyau (FNA) biopsy: Cire nama ko ruwa ta amfani da siririn allura.

• Kwayar biopsy mai mahimmanci: Cire ƙwayar nama ta amfani da allura mai faɗi. Ana iya jagorantar wannan aikin ta amfani da duban dan tayi, CT scan, ko MRI.

• Bude biopsy: Cirewar nama ta hanyar ragi (yankewa) da aka yi a cikin fata.

• Sentinel lymph node biopsy: Cire shingen lymph kumburi a lokacin tiyata. Lymph node na sentinel shine farkon kumburin lymph a cikin rukuni na ƙwayoyin lymph don karɓar magudanan ruwa daga ƙwayar farko. Shine kumburin lymph na farko da mai cutar kansa zai iya yaduwa daga farkon ƙari. Ana yin allurar radiyo da / ko shuɗi mai launi kusa da ƙari. Abun ko fenti yana gudana ta cikin bututun lymph zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph. An cire kumburin lymph na farko don karɓar abu ko fenti. Kwararren likitan kwalliya yana kallon naman a ƙarƙashin madubin likita don neman ƙwayoyin kansa. Idan ba a sami ƙwayoyin kansa ba, ba lallai ba ne a cire ƙarin ƙwayoyin lymph. Wani lokaci, ana samun kumburin lymph kumburi a cikin fiye da rukuni ɗaya.

Za'a iya yin gwaje-gwaje masu zuwa akan samfurin ƙwayar da aka cire:

• Micaramar ƙaramar microscopy: Gwajin gwaje-gwaje wanda ake kallon ƙwayoyin da ke cikin samfurin nama a ƙarƙashin microscopes na yau da kullun don neman wasu canje-canje a cikin ƙwayoyin.

• Immunohistochemistry: Gwaji ne wanda ke amfani da kwayoyin cuta don bincika wasu antigens a cikin samfurin nama. Maganin rigakafin yawanci yana da alaƙa da sinadarin rediyo ko fenti wanda ke sa nama ya zama haske a ƙarƙashin madubin likita. Ana iya amfani da irin wannan gwajin don nuna bambanci tsakanin nau'o'in cutar kansa.

• KIFI (haske a cikin yanayin hadewa): Gwajin gwaje-gwaje da ake amfani dasu don kallon kwayoyin halitta ko chromosomes a cikin ƙwayoyin halitta da kyallen takarda. Ana yin yanki na DNA da ke ɗauke da fenti mai kyalli a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje kuma ana saka su cikin ƙwayoyin halitta ko kyallen takarda a kan gilashin gilashin. Lokacin da waɗannan sassan DNA suka haɗu da wasu ƙwayoyin halitta ko ɓangarorin chromosomes a zamewar, suna haskakawa idan aka duba su ta hanyar microscope tare da haske na musamman. Irin wannan gwajin ana amfani dashi don samo wasu canje-canje na kwayar halitta.

• Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test: Gwajin dakin gwaje-gwaje wanda ake nazarin kwayoyin halitta a cikin samfurin nama ta amfani da sinadarai don neman wasu canje-canje a cikin tsari ko aikin kwayoyin halitta.

• Nazarin Cytogenetic: Gwajin dakin gwaje-gwaje wanda ake kallon kwayoyi a cikin samfurin nama a karkashin madubin likita don neman wasu canje-canje a cikin chromosomes.

Wasu dalilai suna tasiri hangen nesa (damar dawowa) da zaɓuɓɓukan magani.

Halin hangen nesa (damar dawowa) da zaɓuɓɓukan magani sun dogara da masu zuwa:

• Mai haƙuri shekarunsa.

• Inda a cikin jikin kumburin ya fara.

• Girman ƙari a lokacin ganewar asali.

• Ko an cire kumburin gaba daya ta hanyar tiyata.

• Nau'in rhabdomyosarcoma (embryonal, alveolar, ko anaplastic).

• Ko akwai wasu canje-canje a cikin kwayoyin halittar.

• Ko ciwon ya yadu zuwa wasu sassan jiki a lokacin da aka gano shi.

• Ko ƙari ya kasance a cikin ƙwayoyin lymph a lokacin ganewar asali.

• Ko ciwon kumburin ya amsa maganin sankara da / ko raunin fitila.

Ga marasa lafiya masu fama da cutar kansa, hangen nesa da magani suma sun dogara da masu zuwa:

• Inda a cikin jikin kumburin ya sake dawowa (ya dawo).

• Yaya yawan lokacin da ya wuce tsakanin ƙarshen maganin kansar da lokacin da cutar ta sake dawowa.

• Ko dai an yi maganin kumburin ne ta hanyar amfani da hasken rana.

Matakai na Yara Rhabdomyosarcoma

MAGANAN MAGANA

• Bayan an gano rhabdomyosarcoma na yara, magani yana dogara ne akan matakin kansar kuma wani lokacin ya dogara ne akan ko an cire dukkan cutar ta hanyar tiyata.

• Akwai hanyoyi uku da kansar ke yaduwa a jiki.

• Ciwon daji na iya yaduwa daga inda ya fara zuwa sauran sassan jiki.

• Ana yin rikodin yara rhabdomyosarcoma a sassa uku.

• Tsarin tsayarwa ya dogara ne da girman ƙari, inda yake a cikin jiki, da kuma ko ya bazu zuwa sauran sassan jiki:

• Mataki na 1

• Mataki na 2

• Mataki na 3

• Mataki na 4

• Tsarin rukuni ya dogara ne akan ko kansar ta bazu kuma ko an cire duka cutar ta tiyata:

• Rukunin I

• Rukuni na II

• Rukuni na III

• Rukuni na IV

• Riskungiyar haɗarin ya dogara ne akan tsarin tsawaitawa da tsarin haɗuwa.

• -Ananan haɗarin rhabdomyosarcoma na yara

• Matsakaici-haɗarin yarinta rhabdomyosarcoma

• Babban haɗarin yarinta rhabdomyosarcoma

Bayan an gano rhabdomyosarcoma na yara, magani yana dogara ne akan matakin kansar kuma wani lokacin ya dogara ne akan ko an cire dukkan cutar ta hanyar tiyata.

Hanyar da ake amfani da ita don gano ko cutar kansa ta bazu cikin nama ko zuwa wasu sassan jiki ana kiranta staging. Yana da mahimmanci a san matakin don shirya magani. Likitan zai yi amfani da sakamakon gwaje-gwajen gano cutar don taimakawa gano matakin cutar.

Jiyya don rhabdomyosarcoma na yara ya dogara ne sashi kan matakin kuma wani lokacin akan adadin cutar kansa wanda ya rage bayan tiyata don cire kumburin. Masanin ilimin cututtukan zai yi amfani da madubin likita don bincika kyallen da aka cire yayin aikin, gami da samfuran nama daga gefunan wuraren da aka cire kansar da kuma kunun lymph. Ana yin wannan don ganin idan aka fitar da dukkan kwayoyin cutar daji yayin aikin.

Akwai hanyoyi uku da kansar ke yaduwa a jiki.

Ciwon daji na iya yadawa ta hanyar nama, tsarin lymph, da jini:

• Nama. Ciwon daji yana yaduwa daga inda ya fara ta girma zuwa yankuna na kusa.

• Tsarin Lymph. Ciwon daji yana yaduwa daga inda ya faro ta hanyar shiga cikin ƙwayoyin cuta. Ciwon daji yana bi ta cikin jirgin ruwan lymph zuwa wasu sassan jiki.

• Jini. Ciwon daji yana yaduwa daga inda ya fara ta hanyar shiga cikin jini. Ciwon daji yana bi ta hanyoyin jini zuwa wasu sassan jiki.

Ciwon daji na iya yaduwa daga inda ya fara zuwa sauran sassan jiki.

Lokacin da cutar daji ta bazu zuwa wani sashin jiki, akan kira shi metastasis. Kwayoyin sankara suna ɓata daga inda suka fara (asalin ƙwayar cuta) kuma suna tafiya ta cikin tsarin lymph ko jini.

Tsarin Lymph. Ciwon daji ya shiga cikin tsarin laminin, ya ratsa ta cikin jiragen ruwan lymph, kuma ya samar da ƙari (metastatic tumo) a wani ɓangaren jiki. Jini. Ciwon kansa ya shiga cikin jini, ya bi ta hanyoyin jini, ya samar da ƙari (ƙwayar metastatic) a wani ɓangaren jiki. Ciwon ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta shine irin ciwon daji kamar asalin farko. Misali, idan rhabdomyosarcoma ya bazu zuwa huhu, kwayoyin cutar kansa a cikin huhun hakika kwayoyin kwayar rhabdomyosarcoma ne. Cutar ita ce rhabdomyosarcoma, ba ciwon daji na huhu ba.

Ana yin rikodin yara rhabdomyosarcoma a sassa uku.

An tsara rhabdomyosarcoma na yara ta amfani da hanyoyi daban-daban guda uku don bayyana ciwon kansa:

• Tsarin talla.
• Tsarin rukuni
• Riskungiyar haɗari

Tsarin tsayarwa ya dogara ne da girman ƙari, inda yake a cikin jiki, da kuma ko ya bazu zuwa sauran sassan jiki:

Mataki na 1

A mataki na 1, kumburin kowane girmansa ne, mai yiwuwa ya bazu zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph, kuma ana samun sa a cikin ɗayan rukunin yanar gizo masu kyau "masu kyau"

• Ido ko yanki a kusa da ido.

• Kai da wuya (amma ba a cikin nama kusa da kwakwalwa da laka).

• Gallbladder da butle ducts.

• Fitsara ko fitsari.

• Gwaji, kwan mace, farji, ko mahaifa.

Rhabdomyosarcoma da ke samarwa a cikin shafin "mai kyau" yana da kyakkyawan hangen nesa. Idan shafin da cutar sankara ke faruwa baya daga cikin shafuka masu kyau da aka lissafa a sama, to ana iya cewa shafin "mara kyau" ne.

Ana auna girman girman tumo a santimita (cm) ko inci. Kayan abinci na yau da kullun waɗanda za'a iya amfani dasu don nuna girman ƙari a cm sun haɗa da: pea (cm 1), gyada (2 cm), innabi (3 cm), gyada (4 cm), lemun tsami (5 cm ko 2 inci), kwai (6 cm), peach (7 cm), da ɗan itacen inabi (inci 10 ko inci 4).

Mataki na 2

A mataki na 2, ana samun cutar kansa a cikin rukunin "mara kyau" (kowane yanki da ba a bayyana shi da "dacewa" a cikin mataki na 1). Ciwan bai fi santimita 5 girma ba kuma bai bazu zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph ba.

Mataki na 3

A mataki na 3, ana samun cutar kansa a cikin rukunin "mara kyau" (kowane yanki da ba a bayyana shi da "dacewa" a mataki na 1) kuma ɗayan masu zuwa gaskiya ne:

• Ciwan bai fi santimita 5 girma ba kuma cutar kansa ta bazu zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph da ke kusa.

• Ciwon ya fi santimita 5 girma kuma ƙila cutar kansa ta bazu zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph da ke kusa.

Mataki na 4

A mataki na 4, ƙari na iya zama kowane girman kuma mai yiwuwa cutar kansa ta bazu zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph na kusa. Ciwon daji ya bazu zuwa sassan jiki masu nisa, kamar huhu, ƙashi, ko ƙashi.

Tsarin rukuni ya dogara ne akan ko kansar ta bazu kuma ko an cire duka cutar ta tiyata:

Rukunin I

An gano kansar ne kawai a wurin da ya fara kuma an cire shi gaba ɗaya ta hanyar tiyata. An ɗauki nama daga gefunan inda aka cire kumburin. An gano naman a karkashin wani madubin likita daga wani masanin kimiyyar cuta kuma ba a sami kwayoyin cutar kansa ba.

Rukuni na II

Rukuni na II ya kasu kashi biyu IIA, IIB, da IIC.

• IIA: An cire ciwon daji ta hanyar tiyata amma ana ganin ƙwayoyin kansa yayin da nama, wanda aka ɗauka daga gefunan inda aka cire kumburin, an duba shi a ƙarƙashin microscope ta ƙwararren masani.

• IIB: Ciwon daji ya bazu zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph da ke kusa kuma an cire ciwon daji da ƙwayoyin lymph ta hanyar tiyata.

• IIC: Ciwon daji ya bazu zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph da ke kusa, an cire ciwon daji da ƙwayoyin lymph ta hanyar tiyata, kuma aƙalla ɗayan waɗannan masu zuwa gaskiya ne:

• Nama da aka debo daga gefan inda aka cire kumburin an duba ta karkashin wani madubin likita daga wani masanin ilimin cuta kuma ana ganin kwayoyin cutar kansa.

• Lymph kumburi mafi nisa daga ƙari wanda aka cire an duba shi a ƙarƙashin microscope ta ƙwararren masani kuma ana ganin ƙwayoyin kansa.

Rukuni na III

Ciwon kansa an cire shi sashin biopsy ko tiyata amma akwai sauran ƙari wanda za a iya gani da ido.

Rukuni na IV

• Ciwon daji ya bazu zuwa sassan jiki yayin da aka gano kansar.

• Ana samun ƙwayoyin sankara ta hanyar gwajin hoto; ko

Akwai kwayoyin cutar kansa a cikin ruwan dake kewaye da kwakwalwa, jijiyoyin baya, ko huhu, ko kuma cikin ruwan ciki; ko ciwace ciwace a cikin waɗancan yankuna.

Riskungiyar haɗarin ya dogara ne akan tsarin tsawaitawa da tsarin haɗuwa.

Ungiyar haɗarin ta bayyana damar da rhabdomyosarcoma zai sake dawowa (dawo). Kowane yaro da aka yiwa magani don rhabdomyosarcoma ya kamata ya sami chemotherapy don rage damar da kansa zai sake dawowa. Nau'in maganin ciwon daji, kashi, da yawan jiyya da aka bayar ya dogara ne akan ko yaron yana da ƙananan haɗari, mai matsakaicin-haɗari, ko kuma mai haɗarin rhabdomyosarcoma.

Ana amfani da kungiyoyin haɗari masu zuwa:

-Ananan haɗarin rhabdomyosarcoma na yara

• Rhabdomyosarcoma mai ƙananan haɗari yana ɗayan masu zuwa:

Ciwan amfrayo na kowane girman da aka samo shi a cikin shafin "mai kyau". Zai yiwu akwai ƙari wanda ya rage bayan tiyata wanda za'a iya gani tare da ko ba tare da microscope ba. Ciwon daji na iya yaduwa zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph na kusa. Yankuna masu zuwa shafukan "masu dacewa" ne:

• Ido ko yanki a kusa da ido.

• Kai ko wuya (amma ba a cikin nama kusa da kunne, hanci, sinus, ko gwatso na kwanyar ba).

• Gallbladder da butle ducts.

• Ureter ko fitsari.

• Gwaji, kwan mace, farji, ko mahaifa.

Ciwan amfrayo na kowane irin girman da ba a samu a wurin "mai kyau" ba. Zai yiwu akwai ƙari wanda ya rage bayan tiyata wanda kawai za'a iya ganinsa ta madubin hangen nesa. Ciwon daji na iya yaduwa zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph na kusa.

Matsakaici-haɗarin yarinta rhabdomyosarcoma

Matsakaicin-haɗarin yarinta rhabdomyosarcoma shine ɗayan masu zuwa:

• Ciwan amfrayo na kowane girman da ba a samu a ɗayan shafuka "masu dacewa" da aka lissafa a sama ba. Akwai sauran kumburi bayan tiyata, ana iya gani tare da ko ba tare da microscope ba. Ciwon daji na iya yaduwa zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph na kusa.

• Ciwan ƙwayar alveolar na kowane nau'i a cikin shafin "mai dacewa" ko "mara kyau". Zai yiwu akwai ƙari wanda ya rage bayan tiyata wanda za'a iya gani tare da ko ba tare da microscope ba. Ciwon daji na iya yaduwa zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph na kusa.

Babban haɗarin yarinta rhabdomyosarcoma

Babban haɗarin rhabdomyosarcoma na yara na iya zama nau'in amfrayo ko nau'in alveolar. Wataƙila ya bazu zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph na kusa kuma ya bazu zuwa ɗaya ko fiye na masu zuwa:

• Sauran sassan jikin da basa kusa da inda kumburin ya fara.

• Ruwan ruwa a kusa da kwakwalwa ko lakar kashin baya.

• Ruwa a cikin huhu ko ciki.

Rhabdomyosarcoma na Yara

Sake dawowa yara rhabdomyosarcoma shine cutar sankara wacce ta sake dawowa (dawo) bayan an warke ta. Ciwon kansa na iya dawowa wuri ɗaya ko kuma a wasu ɓangarorin jiki, kamar huhu, ƙashi, ko jiji. Kadan sau da yawa, rhabdomyosarcoma na iya dawowa cikin nono a cikin matan mata ko cikin hanta.

Bayanin Zaɓin Jiyya

MAGANAN MAGANA

• Akwai nau'ikan magani daban-daban na marasa lafiya da ke fama da cutar rhabdomyosarcoma ta yara.

• Yaran da ke da rhabdomyosarcoma ya kamata ƙungiyar masu ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya su tsara maganin su wanda ƙwararru ne kan kula da cutar kansa a cikin yara.

• Jiyya don rhabdomyosarcoma na yara na iya haifar da illa.

• Ana amfani da nau'i uku na daidaitaccen magani:

• Tiyata

• Radiation far

• Chemotherapy

• Ana gwada sababbin nau'ikan magani a gwajin asibiti.

• Immunotherapy

• Ciwon da aka yi niyya

• Marasa lafiya na iya son yin tunani game da shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti.

• Marasa lafiya na iya shiga gwajin asibiti kafin, lokacin, ko bayan fara maganin cutar kansa.

• Ana iya buƙatar gwaje-gwaje na gaba.

Akwai nau'ikan magani daban-daban na marasa lafiya da ke fama da cutar rhabdomyosarcoma ta yara.

Wasu jiyya suna daidaito (magani da ake amfani dashi yanzu), kuma wasu ana gwada su a gwajin asibiti. Gwajin gwajin magani shine binciken bincike wanda aka tsara don taimakawa inganta ingantattun jiyya na yanzu ko samun bayanai game da sababbin jiyya ga marasa lafiya da ciwon daji. Lokacin da gwaji na asibiti ya nuna cewa sabon magani ya fi magani na yau da kullun, sabon magani na iya zama daidaitaccen magani.

Saboda cutar kansa a cikin yara ba safai ba, ya kamata a yi la'akari da shiga cikin gwajin asibiti. Wasu gwaji na asibiti ana buɗe su ne kawai ga marasa lafiyar da basu fara magani ba.

Yaran da ke da rhabdomyosarcoma ya kamata ƙungiyar masu ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya su tsara maganin su wanda ƙwararru ne kan kula da cutar kansa a cikin yara.

Saboda rhabdomyosarcoma na iya samarwa a cikin sassa daban-daban na jiki, ana amfani da nau'ikan jiyya iri daban-daban. Jiyya za ta kula da likitan ilimin likitan yara, likita wanda ya kware kan kula da yara masu cutar kansa. Masanin ilimin likitan yara yana aiki tare da wasu masu ba da kiwon lafiya waɗanda ƙwararru ne wajen kula da yara tare da rhabdomyosarcoma kuma waɗanda suka kware a wasu fannonin magani. Wadannan na iya hada da kwararru masu zuwa:

• Likitan yara.

• Likitan likitan yara.

• Radiation oncologist

• Kwararren likitan yara.

• Kwararren likitan yara.

• Kwararren likitan yara.

• Masanin ilimin kwayoyin halitta ko mai ba da shawara game da cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta.

• Ma'aikacin zamantakewa.

• Gwanayen gyarawa.

Jiyya don rhabdomyosarcoma na yara na iya haifar da illa.

Don bayani game da illolin da ke farawa yayin magani don cutar kansa, duba shafin Gurbinmu.

Hanyoyi masu illa daga maganin ciwon daji wanda zai fara bayan jiyya kuma ya ci gaba tsawon watanni ko shekaru ana kiransa sakamako na ƙarshe. Sakamakon sakamako na maganin kansa don rhabdomyosarcoma na iya haɗawa da:

• Matsalolin jiki.

• Canje-canje a cikin yanayi, ji, tunani, ilmantarwa, ko ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya.

• Cancer na biyu (sababbin nau'ikan cutar kansa).

Wasu maganganun ƙarshen ana iya magance su ko sarrafa su. Yana da mahimmanci a yi magana da likitocin ɗanka game da illar da cutar kansa za ta iya yi wa ɗanka. (Dubi taƙaitaccen bayanin akan ƙarshen tasirin Jiyya don Ciwon Childhoodan yara don ƙarin bayani.)

Ana amfani da nau'i uku na daidaitaccen magani:

Tiyata

Yin tiyata (cire cutar kansa a cikin aiki) ana amfani dashi don magance rhabdomyosarcoma na yara. Wani nau'in tiyata da ake kira fitarwa na ƙasa ana yin shi sau da yawa. Yankewar yanki mai fadi shine cire kumburi da wasu ƙyallen dake kusa da shi, gami da ƙwayoyin lymph. Ana iya buƙatar yin tiyata ta biyu don cire duk cutar daji. Ko aikin tiyata da nau'in aikin da aka yi ya dogara da masu zuwa:

• Inda a cikin jikin kumburin ya fara.

• Tasirin tiyatar zai kasance akan hanyar da yaron zai kalla.

• Tasirin tiyatar zai shafi mahimman ayyukan jikin yaron.

• Ta yaya ƙari ya amsa ga chemotherapy ko radiation radiation wanda ƙila aka ba shi da farko.

A mafi yawancin yara masu fama da rhabdomyosarcoma, ba zai yuwu a cire dukkan kumburin ta hanyar tiyata ba.

Rhabdomyosarcoma na iya samarwa a wurare daban-daban a jiki kuma tiyatar za ta bambanta ga kowane rukunin yanar gizo. Tiyata don magance rhabdomyosarcoma na ido ko wuraren al'aura yawanci biopsy ne. Chemotherapy, wani lokacin kuma ana iya ba da magani ta hanyar fitila kafin a fara tiyata don rage ƙananan marurai.

Bayan likita ya cire dukkan cutar daji da za a iya gani a lokacin tiyatar, za a ba wa majiyyata maganin bayan an gama tiyata don kashe duk ƙwayoyin cutar kansa da suka rage. Hakanan za'a iya ba da magungunan haskakawa. Maganin da ake bayarwa bayan tiyatar, don rage haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansa zai dawo, ana kiran sa adjuvant therapy.

Radiation far

Radiation therapy magani ne na cutar kansa wanda yake amfani da hasken rana mai ƙarfi ko wasu nau'ikan radiation don kashe ƙwayoyin kansa ko hana su girma. Akwai nau'o'in maganin radiation guda biyu:

• Magungunan radiation na waje yana amfani da inji a waje don aika radiation zuwa ga cutar kansa. Wasu hanyoyi na ba da maganin fitila na iya taimakawa kiyaye radiation daga lalata lafiyar nama mai kusa. Waɗannan nau'ikan maganin radiation na waje sun haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Magungunan radiation na yau da kullun: Maganin ƙwayar cuta ta zamani shine nau'in maganin fure na waje wanda yake amfani da komputa don yin hoto mai girman 3 (3-D) na ƙari kuma yana tsara katangar fitila don dacewa da ƙari. Wannan yana ba da babban adadin radiation don isa ga ƙari kuma yana haifar da ƙananan lalacewa ga ƙoshin lafiya na kusa.

• Radiationarfin ƙwayar cuta mai ƙarfi (IMRT): IMRT wani nau'i ne na maganin fitilar 3-girma (3-D) wanda ke amfani da kwamfuta don yin hotunan girman da siffar kumburin. Beananan bakin katako na iska mai ƙarfi daban-daban (ƙarfi) ana nufin kumburin daga kusurwa da yawa.

• Magungunan gyaran kafa na zamani (VMAT): VMAT nau'in gyaran fitilar 3-D ne wanda ke amfani da kwamfuta don yin hotunan girman da siffar kumburin. Injin raɗaɗɗɗen yana motsawa a cikin da'irar a kusa da mai haƙuri sau ɗaya yayin jiyya kuma yana aika katako na sifofin raɗaɗi na ƙarfi daban-daban (ƙarfi) a ƙari. Ana ba da jiyya tare da VMAT cikin sauri fiye da magani tare da IMRT.

• Magungunan radiation na jiki na Stereotactic: Raunin raunin jikin mutum shine nau'in maganin radiation na waje. Ana amfani da kayan aiki na musamman don sanya mai haƙuri a wuri ɗaya don kowane maganin radiation. Sau ɗaya a rana don kwanaki da yawa, injin radiation yana nufin ya fi girma fiye da yadda ake amfani da radiation kai tsaye a ƙari. Ta hanyar sanya mai haƙuri a cikin matsayi ɗaya don kowane magani, akwai ƙaramin lalacewa ga nama mai lafiya kusa. Wannan hanyar ana kiranta kwayar cututtukan steraotactic na waje-katako na radiation da kuma kula da hasken stereotaxic.

• Proton beam radiation therapy: Proton-beam therapy wani nau'i ne na ƙarfin kuzari, maganin raɗaɗɗen waje. Na'urar maganin fuka-fuka tana nufin rafuka na proton (ƙarami, marar ganuwa, ƙwaƙƙwaran caji) a cikin ƙwayoyin cutar kansa don kashe su. Irin wannan maganin yana haifar da raunin lalacewa ga lafiyayyen nama.

• Magungunan radiation na ciki yana amfani da abu mai tasirin rediyo wanda aka rufe a cikin allurai, tsaba, wayoyi, ko catheters waɗanda aka sanya kai tsaye zuwa ko kusa da ciwon daji. Ana amfani dashi don magance cutar daji a yankuna kamar farji, farji, mahaifa, mafitsara, prostate, kai, ko wuya. Hakanan ana kiran farfajiyar cikin gida ta brachytherapy, radiation na ciki, radiation na inji, ko kuma maganin raunin tsakiya.

Nau'in da adadin maganin har ila yau da kuma lokacin da aka bashi ya danganta da shekarun yaro, nau'in rhabdomyosarcoma, inda a cikin jikin kumburin ya fara, yawan kumburin da ya rage bayan tiyata, da kuma ko akwai ƙari a cikin ƙwayoyin lymph na kusa .

Yawancin lokaci ana amfani da maganin radiation na waje don magance rhabdomyosarcoma na yara amma a wasu lokuta ana amfani da maganin radiation na ciki.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy magani ne na cutar kansa wanda ke amfani da magunguna don dakatar da haɓakar ƙwayoyin kansa, ko dai ta hanyar kashe ƙwayoyin ko ta hana su rarraba. Lokacin da ake shan chemotherapy ta baki ko allura a cikin jijiya ko tsoka, magungunan suna shiga cikin jini kuma zasu iya kaiwa ga kwayoyin cutar kansa a cikin jiki duka (systemotherapy chemotherapy). Lokacin da aka sanya chemotherapy kai tsaye zuwa cikin ruwa mai ruɓaɓɓen ciki, gaɓoɓi, ko rami na jiki kamar ciki, magungunan yawanci suna shafar ƙwayoyin kansa ne a waɗancan yankuna.

Hakanan za'a iya ba Chemotherapy don rage ƙwayar cutar kafin aikin tiyata don adana lafiyayyen nama yadda ya kamata. Wannan ana kiransa neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Kowane yaro da aka yiwa magani don rhabdomyosarcoma yakamata ya sami ilimin kimiya don rage damar da kansa zai sake dawowa. Nau'in maganin ciwon daji, kashi, da yawan jiyya da aka bayar ya dogara ne akan ko yaron yana da ƙananan haɗari, mai matsakaicin-haɗari, ko kuma mai haɗarin rhabdomyosarcoma.

Duba Magunguna da aka Amince dasu don Rhabdomyosarcoma don ƙarin bayani.

Ana gwada sababbin nau'ikan magani a gwajin asibiti.

Wannan ɓangaren taƙaitaccen bayani yana bayanin jiyya waɗanda ake nazarin su a gwajin asibiti. Yana iya ba ambaci kowane sabon magani ana nazarin. Ana samun bayani game da gwaji na asibiti daga gidan yanar gizon NCI.

Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy magani ne wanda ke amfani da garkuwar jikin mara lafiya don yaƙar kansa. Abubuwan da jiki ya yi ko aka yi a dakin gwaje-gwaje ana amfani da su don haɓaka, kai tsaye, ko maido da kariya ta jiki daga cutar kansa. Wannan nau'in maganin cutar kansar ana kuma kiransa ilimin ilimin halittu ko kuma ilimin rayuwa.

Akwai nau'ikan immunotherapy daban-daban:

• Maganin riga-kafi magani ne na ciwon daji wanda ke amfani da wani abu ko rukuni na abubuwa don haɓaka ƙwayoyin cuta don gano ƙwayar cuta da kashe shi. Ana nazarin maganin rigakafi don magance rhabdomyosarcoma na ƙwayar cuta.

• Maganin hana shigowar shinge yana amfani da tsarin garkuwar jiki don kashe ƙwayoyin kansa. Ana nazarin nau'ikan masu hana masu hana yaduwar cuta guda biyu don maganin rhabdomyosarcoma na yara wanda ya dawo bayan jiyya:

• CTLA-4 furotin ne akan saman ƙwayoyin T wanda ke taimakawa ci gaba da ba da kariya ga jiki. Lokacin da CTLA-4 ke haɗuwa da wani furotin da ake kira B7 akan kwayar cutar kansa, yana dakatar da kwayar T daga kashe kwayar cutar kansa. Masu hana CTLA-4 sun haɗa zuwa CTLA-4 kuma suna ba da ƙwayoyin T damar kashe ƙwayoyin kansa. Ipilimumab wani nau'in mai hana CTLA-4 ne.

Mai hana shigowar shinge Abubuwan bincike, kamar B7-1 / B7-2 akan ƙwayoyin gabatarwa na antigen (APC) da CTLA-4 akan ƙwayoyin T, suna taimakawa kiyaye maganganun garkuwar jiki a cikin bincike. Lokacin da mai karɓar T-cell (TCR) ke ɗaure ga antigen da kuma manyan sunadarai masu rikitarwa na tarihi (MHC) akan APC da CD28 suna ɗaure zuwa B7-1 / B7-2 akan APC, ana iya kunna T cell. Koyaya, ɗaura B7-1 / B7-2 zuwa CTLA-4 yana riƙe da ƙwayoyin T a cikin yanayin aiki saboda haka basu sami ikon kashe ƙwayoyin ƙari a cikin jiki (ɓangaren hagu). Katange ɗaurin B7-1 / B7-2 zuwa CTLA-4 tare da mai hana kariya na kariya (anti-CTLA-4 antibody) yana ba da damar ƙwayoyin T suyi aiki kuma su kashe ƙwayoyin tumo (ɓangaren dama).

• PD-1 shine furotin akan saman ƙwayoyin T wanda ke taimakawa kiyaye amsoshin garkuwar jiki cikin bincike. Lokacin da PD-1 ke haɗuwa da wani furotin da ake kira PDL-1 akan kwayar sankara, yakan dakatar da kwayar T daga kashe kwayar cutar kansa. Masu hana PD-1 sun haɗa zuwa PDL-1 kuma suna ba da ƙwayoyin T damar kashe ƙwayoyin kansa. Nivolumab da pembrolizumab sune masu hana PD-1.

Mai hana shigowar shinge Binciken sunadarai, kamar PD-L1 akan ƙwayoyin tumo da PD-1 akan ƙwayoyin T, suna taimakawa kiyaye maganganun rigakafi a cikin bincike. Ofaurin PD-L1 zuwa PD-1 yana kiyaye ƙwayoyin T daga kashe ƙwayoyin tumo a jiki (ɓangaren hagu). Katange ɗaurin PD-L1 zuwa PD-1 tare da mai hana kariya na kariya (anti-PD-L1 ko anti-PD-1) yana ba wa ƙwayoyin T damar kashe ƙwayoyin tumor (ɓangaren dama)

Ciwon da aka yi niyya

Targeted therapy wani nau'in magani ne wanda yake amfani da magunguna ko wasu abubuwa don afkawa ƙwayoyin kansar. Therapwararrun hanyoyin kwantar da hankali yawanci suna haifar da ƙasa da cutar ga ƙwayoyin halitta fiye da cutar sankara ko radiation. Akwai nau'ikan maganin farfadowa daban-daban:

• mTOR masu hanawa sun dakatar da furotin da ke taimakawa kwayoyin raba da rayuwa. Sirolimus wani nau'in maganin hana maganin mTOR ne wanda ake nazarinsa a cikin maganin rahabdomyosarcoma na yau da kullun.

• Tyrosine kinase masu hanawa ƙananan ƙwayoyi ne waɗanda ke ratsa cikin membrane kuma suna aiki a cikin ƙwayoyin kansa don toshe siginar cewa ƙwayoyin kansar suna buƙatar girma da rarraba. MK-1775 da cabozantinib-s-malate su ne masu hana cin hanci da rashawa tyrosine kinase ana nazarin su a cikin maganin rahabdomyosarcoma na yau da kullun.

Marasa lafiya na iya son yin tunani game da shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti.

Ga wasu marasa lafiya, shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti na iya zama mafi kyawun zaɓin magani. Gwajin gwaji wani bangare ne na aikin binciken cutar kansa. Ana yin gwaje-gwajen asibiti don gano ko sabbin maganin cutar daji suna da lafiya da tasiri ko kuma sun fi magani na yau da kullun.

Yawancin yau da kullun na yau da kullun don cutar kansa sun dogara ne akan gwajin asibiti na farko. Marasa lafiya da ke cikin gwaji na asibiti na iya karɓar daidaitaccen magani ko kuma su kasance cikin farkon waɗanda za su karɓi sabon magani.

Marasa lafiya da ke shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti suma suna taimakawa inganta hanyar da za a bi da kansar a nan gaba. Koda lokacin gwajin asibiti bai haifar da sababbin magunguna ba, sau da yawa sukan amsa mahimman tambayoyi kuma suna taimakawa ci gaba da bincike gaba.

Marasa lafiya na iya shiga gwajin asibiti kafin, lokacin, ko bayan fara maganin cutar kansa.

Wasu gwaji na asibiti kawai sun haɗa da marasa lafiya waɗanda ba su sami magani ba tukuna. Sauran gwaje-gwajen suna gwada jiyya ga marasa lafiya waɗanda cutar kansa ba ta samu sauki ba. Hakanan akwai gwaji na asibiti da ke gwada sabbin hanyoyin dakatar da cutar kansa daga sake dawowa (dawowa) ko rage tasirin maganin kansar.

Gwajin gwaji na gudana a sassa da yawa na ƙasar. Bayani game da gwajin asibiti wanda NCI ke tallafawa ana iya samun shi akan shafin binciken gwaji na NCI. Ana iya samun gwajin gwaji na asibiti wanda wasu kungiyoyi ke tallafawa akan gidan yanar gizon ClinicalTrials.gov.

Ana iya buƙatar gwaje-gwaje na gaba.

Za a iya maimaita wasu gwaje-gwajen da aka yi don gano cutar kansa ko don gano matakin cutar kansa. Za a maimaita wasu gwaje-gwaje don ganin yadda magani ke aiki. Shawarwari game da ci gaba, canji, ko dakatar da magani na iya dogara ne da sakamakon waɗannan gwaje-gwajen.

Wasu daga cikin gwaje-gwajen za a ci gaba da yi daga lokaci zuwa lokaci bayan an gama jiyya. Sakamakon waɗannan gwaje-gwajen na iya nuna idan yanayin ɗanku ya canza ko kuma idan ciwon daji ya sake dawowa (dawo). Wadannan gwaje-gwajen wasu lokuta ana kiran su gwaje-gwaje na gaba ko dubawa.

Zaɓuɓɓukan Jiyya don Yara Rhabdomyosarcoma

A Wannan Sashin

• A baya Rhabdomyosarcoma wanda ba shi da magani

• Ractarfafawa ko Rhabdomyosarcoma na Yara

Don bayani game da jiyya da aka jera a ƙasa, duba sashin Kula da Zaɓin Jiyya.

A baya Rhabdomyosarcoma wanda ba shi da magani

Maganin rhabdomyosarcoma na yara yawanci ya hada da tiyata, maganin wutan lantarki, da kuma cutar sankara. Umurnin da ake bayar da wadannan magungunan ya danganta da inda kumburin ya fara a jiki, girman kumburin, nau'in kumburin, da kuma ko kumburin ya bazu zuwa sassan jiki ko wasu sassan jiki. Dubi Sashin Bayanin Zaɓin Jiyya na wannan taƙaitaccen bayani don ƙarin bayani game da tiyata, maganin wutan lantarki, da kuma cutar sankara da ake amfani da ita don kula da yara da rhabdomyosarcoma.

Rhabdomyosarcoma na kwakwalwa da kai da wuya

• Don ciwace-ciwacen kwakwalwa: Jiyya na iya haɗawa da tiyata don cire kumburin, maganin raɗaɗi, da kuma cutar sankara.

• Don ciwace-ciwacen kai da wuya waɗanda suke cikin ko kusa da ido: Yin jiyya na iya haɗawa da cutar sankara da fuka-fuka. Idan ƙari ya kasance ko ya dawo bayan jiyya tare da chemotherapy da radiation radiation, ana iya buƙatar tiyata don cire ido da wasu kyallen takarda a kusa da ido.

• Ga ciwace-ciwacen kai da wuya wanda ke kusa da kunne, hanci, sinus, ko gwatso na kwanyar amma ba a ciki ko kusa da ido ba: Jiyya na iya haɗawa da maganin fitila da jiyyar cutar sankara.

• Don ciwace-ciwacen kai da wuya waɗanda ba sa cikin ko kusa da ido kuma ba kusa da kunne, hanci, sinus, ko tushe na kwanyar ba: Jiyya na iya haɗawa da cutar sankara, maganin fida, da tiyata don cire kumburin.

• Don ciwace-ciwacen kai da wuyansa waɗanda ba za a iya cire su ta hanyar tiyata ba: Jiyya na iya haɗawa da cutar sankara da fuka-fuka da ƙoshin ciki.

• Don ciwace ciwan makogwaro (akwatin murya): Jiyya na iya haɗawa da cutar sankara da furewa. Ba a yin aikin tiyata don cire maƙogwaro yawanci, don kada muryar ta sami rauni.

Rhabdomyosarcoma na hannaye ko ƙafa

• Chemotherapy ya biyo bayan aikin tiyata don cire kumburin. Idan ba a cire kumburin gaba daya ba, za a iya yin tiyata ta biyu don cire ciwon. Hakanan za'a iya ba da magungunan haskakawa.

• Don ciwace-ciwacen hannu ko ƙafa, za a iya ba da magani na radiation da kuma kula da ƙwayar cuta. Ba za a iya cire kumburin ba saboda zai shafi aikin hannu ko kafa.

• Rarraba kumburin kumburi (an cire ƙwayoyin lymph ɗaya ko fiye kuma ana bincika samfurin nama a ƙarƙashin madubin likita don alamun cutar kansa).

• Don ciwace-ciwace a cikin makamai, an cire kumburin lymph a kusa da ƙari da kuma cikin yankin hamata.

• Don ciwace-ciwace a ƙafafu, an cire ƙwayoyin lymph kusa da ƙari da kuma a cikin yankin makwancin gwaiwa.

Rhabdomyosarcoma na kirji, ciki, ko ƙashin ƙugu

• Ga ƙari a cikin kirji ko ciki (gami da bangon kirji ko bangon ciki): Za a iya yin aikin tiyata. Idan ƙari ya babba, ana ba da magani na chemotherapy da na radiation don rage ƙwanjin kafin a yi masa tiyata.

• Ga ciwace ciwan ƙashin ƙugu: Za a iya yin tiyata. Idan ƙari ya babba, ana ba da magani don rage ƙwayar cutar kafin a yi tiyata. Za a iya ba da aikin kashe radiyo bayan tiyata.

• Don ciwace-ciwacen diaphragm: Biopsy na ƙari yana bi da chemotherapy da radiation don rage ƙwayar. Za a iya yin aikin tiyata daga baya don cire sauran ƙwayoyin cutar kansa.

• Don ciwace-ciwacen mafitsara ko bututun butle: Wani biopsy na ƙari yana bi da chemotherapy da radiation radiation.

• Don ciwace-ciwace na tsokoki ko kyallen takarda a kusa da dubura ko tsakanin mara da dubura ko maƙarƙashiya da kuma dubura: Ana yin tiyata don cire mafi yawan kumburin kamar yadda ya kamata da kuma wasu ƙwayoyin lymph da ke kusa, sannan kuma ana bi da chemotherapy da radiation radiation.

Rhabdomyosarcoma na koda

• Don ciwace-ciwacen koda: Yin tiyata don cire mafi yawan kumburi kamar yadda zai yiwu. Hakanan za'a iya ba da magani na Chemotherapy da na radiation.

Rhabdomyosarcoma na mafitsara ko prostate

• Ga ciwace-ciwacen da ke saman mafitsara kawai: An yi aikin tiyata.

• Don ciwace ciwace a cikin mafitsara ko mafitsara (banda saman mafitsara):

• Chemotherapy da radiyo an ba su da farko don rage ƙwayar cuta. Idan kwayoyin cutar kansar suka kasance bayan an yi amfani da chemotherapy da radiation, ana cire kumburin ta hanyar tiyata. Yin aikin tiyata na iya haɗawa da cirewar prostate, wani ɓangare na mafitsara, ko fitowar ƙugu ba tare da cire dubura ba. (Wannan na iya haɗawa da cirewar babban hanji da mafitsara. A cikin girlsan mata, za a iya cire mahaifar mahaifa, farji, ƙwarjin mahaifa, da kumburin mahaifa da ke kusa).

• Chemotherapy ana ba shi da farko don rage ƙwayar cuta. Tiyata don cire ƙari, amma ba mafitsara ko prostate, ana yin ta. Za'a iya ba da maganin cikin gida ko na waje bayan aikin tiyata.

• Yin aikin tiyata don cire ƙari, amma ba mafitsara ko prostate ba. Ana ba da magani na cikin gida bayan tiyata.

Rhabdomyosarcoma na yankin kusa da golaye

• Yin aikin tiyata don cire ƙwanƙwasa da igiyar maniyyi. Ana iya bincikar ƙwayoyin lymph a bayan ciki don cutar kansa, musamman idan ƙwayoyin lymph ɗin suna da girma ko kuma yaro ya kai shekara 10 ko sama da haka.

• Za a iya ba da hasken radila idan ba za a iya kawar da ciwan gaba ɗaya ta hanyar tiyata ba.

Rhabdomyosarcoma na mara, farji, mahaifa, mahaifar mahaifa, ko ƙwai

• Don ciwace ciwace na farji da farji: Yin jiyya na iya haɗawa da cutar sankara da kuma tiyata don cire ƙwayar. Za'a iya ba da maganin cikin gida ko na waje bayan aikin tiyata.

• Don ciwace-ciwacen cikin mahaifa: Jiyya na iya haɗawa da ƙoshin lafiya tare da ko ba tare da maganin ƙonewa ba. Wani lokaci ana iya buƙatar tiyata don cire duk sauran ƙwayoyin kansar.

• Don ciwace-ciwacen mahaifa: Jiyya na iya haɗawa da cutar sankara ta hanyar tiyata don cire duk wani ƙari da ya rage.

• Don ciwace ciwace na kwan mace: Jiyya na iya haɗawa da cutar sankara ta hanyar tiyata don cire kowane ƙwayar cuta.

Tsarin rhabdomyosarcoma

Ana ba da magani, kamar su chemotherapy, radiation radiation, ko kuma aikin tiyata don cire kumburin, zuwa wurin da kumburin ya fara samuwa. Idan cutar kansa ta bazu zuwa kwakwalwa, lakar gwaiwa, ko huhu, za a iya kuma ba da wuraren da cutar ta bazu.

Ana nazarin magani mai zuwa don maganin rhabdomyosarcoma na metastatic:

• Gwajin gwaji na maganin rigakafi (maganin alurar riga kafi).

Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.

Ractarfafawa ko Rhabdomyosarcoma na Yara

Zaɓuɓɓukan magani don ƙyamarwa ko maimaita rhabdomyosarcoma na yara sun dogara da dalilai da yawa, gami da inda cikin jiki cutar kansa ta dawo, wane irin magani ne yaron ya taɓa yi, da kuma bukatun yaron.

Jiyya na ƙyama ko rhabdomyosarcoma na iya haɗawa da ɗaya ko fiye na masu zuwa:

• Tiyata.

• Radiation far.

• Chemotherapy.

• Gwajin gwaji na maganin farfadowa ko maganin rigakafi (sirolimus, ipilimumab, nivolumab, ko pembrolizumab).

• Gwajin gwaji na maganin farfadowa tare da mai hana cin hanci da rashawa (MK-1775 ko cabozantinib-s-malate) da chemotherapy.

• Gwajin gwaji wanda ke bincikar samfurin ƙwayar cutar mai haƙuri don wasu canje-canje na asali. Nau'in maganin da aka yiwa niyya wanda za'a baiwa mai haƙuri ya dogara da nau'in canjin halittar mutum.

Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.

Don Moreara Koyo Game da Yara Rhabdomyosarcoma

Don ƙarin bayani daga Cibiyar Cancer ta Nationalasa game da rhabdomyosarcoma ta yara, duba mai zuwa:

• Tattakin Naman Sarcoma Home Page

• Tomography Tomography (CT) Scans da Ciwon daji

• An Amince da Magunguna don Rhabdomyosarcoma

• Magungunan Ciwon Cutar da Aka Yi niyya

Don ƙarin bayani game da cutar sankarar yara da sauran albarkatun kansar gaba ɗaya, duba masu zuwa:

• Game da Ciwon daji

• Ciwon Yara

• Binciken Cure don Ciwon Childrenan yara

• Matsayi na Late na Jiyya don Ciwon Yara

• Matasa da Samari da Ciwon daji

• Yara da Ciwon daji: Jagora ga Iyaye

• Ciwon daji a cikin Yara da Matasa

• Tsayawa

• Yin fama da Ciwon daji

• Tambayoyi don Tambayar Doctor game da Ciwon daji

• Don Tsira da Kulawa