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Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors (Islet Cell Tumors) Jiyya (®) –Paent Version

Janar Bayani Game da Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors (Islet Cell Tumors)

MAGANAN MAGANA

• Pancreatic cututtukan neuroendocrine suna samarwa a cikin kwayoyin halitta na yin hormone (ƙwayoyin tsirrai) na pancreas.

• NET na Pancreatic na iya ko bazai haifar da alamu ko alamu ba.

• Akwai nau'ikan NETs masu aikin pancreatic masu aiki.

• Samun wasu cututtukan ƙwayar cuta na iya ƙara haɗarin cutar NET.

• Nau'ikan NET daban-daban suna da alamomi da alamu daban-daban.

• Ana amfani da gwaje-gwajen gwaje-gwaje da gwajin hoto don gano (samo) da kuma bincikar NETs na pancreatic.

• Ana amfani da wasu nau'ikan gwaje-gwajen gwaje-gwaje don bincika takamaiman nau'in NETs na pancreatic.

• Wasu dalilai suna tasiri hangen nesa (damar dawowa) da zaɓuɓɓukan magani.

Pancreatic cututtukan neuroendocrine suna samarwa a cikin kwayoyin halitta na yin hormone (ƙwayoyin tsirrai) na pancreas.

Pancreas wani gland ne wanda yakai inci 6 tsayi wanda yayi kama da siririn pear kwance a gefenta. Ana kiran faffadan karshen pancreas kai, sashin tsakiya ana kiransa jiki, kuma an kira ƙarshen ƙarshen da wutsiya. Pancreas yana kwance a bayan ciki da gaban ƙashin baya.

Anatomy na pancreas. Pancreas yana da yankuna uku: kai, jiki, da jela. Ana samun sa a ciki kusa da ciki, hanji, da sauran gabobi.

Akwai sel iri biyu a cikin pancreas:

• Endocrine pancreas sel suna yin nau'ikan homon da yawa (sunadarai masu sarrafa ayyukan wasu sel ko gabobi a jiki), kamar insulin don sarrafa sukarin jini. Suna tattarawa a cikin kananan kungiyoyi da yawa (tsibirai) a ko'ina cikin gabar. Kwayoyin endocrine pancreas ana kiransu kwayar tsuburai ko tsibirin Langerhans. Tumoshin da ke samarwa a cikin kwayoyin halittu ana kiransu ciwan kwayar halitta, ciwan ciki na endocrine, ko ciwan kututtukan neuroendocrine (NET na pancreatic)

• Kwayoyin pancreas na Exocrine suna yin enzymes waɗanda aka saki a cikin ƙananan hanji don taimakawa jiki narkewar abinci. Mafi yawan pancreas ana yin su ne da bututu tare da kananan jaka a ƙarshen bututun, waɗanda aka yi layi da ƙwayoyin exocrine.

Wannan taƙaitaccen bayani game da cututtukan kwayar halitta na endocrine pancreas. Dubi taƙaitaccen game da Maganin Ciwon Cutar Pancreatic (Manya) don bayani game da kansar hanji mai narkewa.

Pancreatic ciwan daji neuroendocrine (NETs) na iya zama mai rauni (ba kansar ba) ko m (ciwon daji). Lokacin da NETs ke cikin cutar lahani, ana kiran su cutar sankara ta endocrine ko iskar cell carcinoma.

NET na Pancreatic ba su da yawa fiye da cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta kuma suna da kyakkyawan hangen nesa.

NET na Pancreatic na iya ko bazai haifar da alamu ko alamu ba.

NET na Pancreatic na iya zama aiki ko rashin aiki:

• Ciwace-ciwacen aiki suna yin ƙarin adadin hormones, kamar gastrin, insulin, da glucagon, waɗanda ke haifar da alamu da alamomi.

• Ciwan da ba ya aiki ba ya yin ƙarin adadin homon. Alamomi da alamu ana haifar da kumburin yayin da yake yadawa yana girma. Yawancin cututtukan da ba su aiki ba su ne m (ciwon daji).

Yawancin NETs na pancreatic sune ƙari.

Akwai nau'ikan NETs masu aikin pancreatic masu aiki.

NET na Pancreatic suna yin nau'ikan homon iri daban-daban kamar su gastrin, insulin, da glucagon. NET na aikin pancreatic sun hada da masu zuwa:

• Gastrinoma: Ciwan da ke samuwa a cikin sel wanda ke yin gastrin. Gastrin wani sinadari ne mai sa ciki ya fitar da wani acid wanda ke taimakawa narkar da abinci. Dukkanin gastrin da acid na ciki suna ƙaruwa ta hanyar gastrinomas. Lokacin da yawan ruwan ciki, ulcers na ciki, da gudawa suka kasance sanadiyyar ciwan da ke sanya gastrin, ana kiran sa Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Gastrinoma yawanci yakan zama kansa a cikin pancreas wani lokacin yakan zama cikin ƙananan hanji. Yawancin gastrinomas suna da mummunan (ciwon daji).

• Insulinoma: Ciwan da ke samuwa a cikin sel wanda ke sanya insulin. Insulin shine hormone wanda ke sarrafa yawan glucose (sukari) a cikin jini. Yana matsar da glucose cikin sel, inda jiki zai iya amfani dashi don kuzari. Insulinomas galibi ciwace ciwace mai saurin yaduwa. Insulinoma na samuwa a cikin kai, jiki, ko wutsiyar pancreas. Insulinomas yawanci marasa lafiya ne (ba kansar ba).

• Glucagonoma: Ciwan da ke samuwa a cikin sel wanda ke yin glucagon. Glucagon shine hormone wanda ke ƙara yawan glucose a cikin jini. Yana sa hanta ta farfasa glycogen. Glucagon da yawa yana haifar da hauhawar jini (hawan jini). Glucagonoma yawanci yakan zama a cikin wutsiyar pancreas. Yawancin glucagonomas suna da mummunan (ciwon daji).

• Sauran nau'ikan ciwace-ciwacen: Akwai wasu nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan NET masu aikin kwalliya waɗanda ke yin baƙon ciki, gami da homonon da ke kula da daidaituwar sukari, gishiri, da ruwa a jiki. Wadannan ciwace-ciwacen sun hada da:

• VIPomas, wanda ke haifar da peptide na hanji. Hakanan ana iya kiran VIPoma ciwo na Verner-Morrison.

• Somatostatinomas, wanda ke yin somatostatin.

Waɗannan nau'ikan ciwace-ciwacen an haɗa su wuri ɗaya saboda ana kulawa dasu iri ɗaya.

Samun wasu cututtukan ƙwayar cuta na iya ƙara haɗarin cutar NET.

Duk wani abu da zai kara maka hadarin kamuwa da cuta to ana kiran sa mai hadari. Samun haɗari ba ya nufin cewa za ku kamu da cutar kansa; ba tare da haɗarin abubuwan haɗari ba yana nufin cewa ba zaku sami cutar kansa ba. Yi magana da likitanka idan kuna tsammanin kuna iya fuskantar haɗari.

Maganin cututtukan nau'in 1 (MEN1) na endocrine da yawa shine haɗarin haɗari ga NET na pancreatic.

Nau'ikan NET daban-daban suna da alamomi da alamu daban-daban.

Ana iya haifar da alamu ko alamomin ta ci gaban kumburi da / ko kuma ta hanyar homonin da kumburin yake yi ko kuma ta wasu yanayi. Wasu ciwace-ciwacen ƙwayoyi na iya haifar da alamu ko alamomi. Duba tare da likitanka idan kuna da ɗayan waɗannan matsalolin.

Alamu da alamomin cutar NET mara aiki

NET mara aiki mara aiki na iya girma na dogon lokaci ba tare da haifar da alamu ko alamomi ba. Yana iya yin girma ko yaduwa zuwa wasu sassan jiki kafin ya haifar da alamu ko alamomi, kamar:

• Gudawa.

• Rashin narkewar abinci.

• Wani dunkule a cikin ciki.

• Jin zafi a ciki ko baya.

• Raunin fata da fararen idanu.

Alamu da alamomin aikin NET na pancreatic

Alamu da alamun cutar NET na aikin kwari sun dogara da nau'in homon da ake yi.

Yawancin gastrin na iya haifar da:

• Ciwon ciki wanda yake ci gaba da dawowa.

• Jin zafi a cikin ciki, wanda na iya yaɗuwa zuwa baya. Ciwo na iya zuwa ya tafi kuma zai iya gushewa bayan shan antacid.

• Maganganun cikin ciki ya koma cikin esophagus (gastroesophageal reflux).

• Gudawa.

Yawan insulin na iya haifar da:

• Sugararancin sukarin jini. Wannan na iya haifar da rashin gani, ciwon kai, da jin annurin kai, gajiya, rauni, girgiza, tashin hankali, jin haushi, gumi, rudewa, ko yunwa.

• Saurin bugun zuciya.

Glucagon da yawa na iya haifar da:

• Fushin fata a fuska, ciki, ko ƙafa.

• Hawan jini mai yawa. Wannan na iya haifar da ciwon kai, yawan fitsari, bushewar fata da baki, ko jin yunwa, ƙishirwa, gajiya, ko rauni.

• Jinin jini. Jinin jini a cikin huhu na iya haifar da ƙarancin numfashi, tari, ko ciwo a kirji. Jinin jini a hannu ko kafa na iya haifar da ciwo, kumburi, zafi, ko jan hannu ko kafa.

• Gudawa.

• Rashin nauyi ba tare da wani dalili da aka sani ba.

• Ciwon harshe ko ciwo a kusurwar bakin.

Mafi yawan peptide na hanji (VIP) na iya haifar da:

• Yawan zawo mai yawa.

• Rashin ruwa. Wannan na iya haifar da jin ƙishi, yin ƙarancin fitsari, bushewar fata da baki, ciwon kai, jiri, ko jin kasala.

• Levelananan matakin potassium a cikin jini. Wannan na iya haifar da raunin tsoka, ciwo, ko raɗaɗɗen ciki, daskarewa da kaɗawa, yawan yin fitsari, bugun zuciya da sauri, da jin ruɗani ko ƙishi.

• Cramps ko ciwo a ciki.

• Rashin nauyi ba tare da wani dalili da aka sani ba.

Yawancin somatostatin na iya haifar da:

• Hawan jini mai yawa. Wannan na iya haifar da ciwon kai, yawan fitsari, bushewar fata da baki, ko jin yunwa, ƙishirwa, gajiya, ko rauni.

• Gudawa.

• Steatorrhea (stool mara ƙanshi mai wari wanda yake iyo).

• Duwatsu masu tsakuwa.

• Raunin fata da fararen idanu.

• Rashin nauyi ba tare da wani dalili da aka sani ba.

NET na pancreatic na iya yin adrenocorticotropic hormone da yawa (ACTH) kuma ya haifar da ciwo na Cushing. Alamomi da alamomin ciwo na Cushing sun haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Ciwon kai.

• Wasu asarar gani.

• Karuwar nauyi a fuska, wuya, da gangar jiki, da siraran hannaye da kafafu.

• Wani dunkulen kitse a bayan wuya.

• Fata mai laushi wacce zata iya samun alamomi masu yalwa da ruwan hoda a kirji ko ciki.

• Sauƙaƙewa mai sauƙi.

• Girman gashi mai kyau a fuska, ta baya, ko ta hannu.

• Kasusuwa masu karya sauƙi.

• Ciwon jiki ko cuts da ke warkewa a hankali.

• Tashin hankali, rashin hankali, da damuwa.

Ba a tattauna maganin NETs na pancreatic wanda ke yin ACTH da ciwo mai yawa a cikin wannan taƙaitaccen bayani.

Ana amfani da gwaje-gwajen gwaje-gwaje da gwajin hoto don gano (samo) da kuma bincikar NETs na pancreatic.

Za a iya amfani da waɗannan gwaje-gwajen da hanyoyin:

• Jarabawa ta jiki da tarihi: Jarabawa ce ta jiki don bincika alamomin lafiya gaba ɗaya, gami da bincika alamun cuta, kamar kumburi ko wani abu da kamar baƙon abu. Za a kuma ɗauki tarihin al'adun lafiyar marasa lafiya da cututtukan da suka gabata da magunguna.

• Nazarin ilimin sunadarai na jini: Hanya ce wacce ake bincika samfurin jini don auna adadin wasu abubuwa, kamar su glucose (sukari), wanda aka saki a cikin jini ta gabobi da kyallen takarda a jiki. Adadin abu na yau da kullun (mafi girma ko ƙasa da al'ada) na iya zama alamar cuta.

• Chromogranin Gwaji: Gwaji ne wanda ake duba samfurin jini don auna adadin chromogranin A a cikin jini. Adadin da ya wuce adadin al'ada na chromogranin A da yawan kwayoyin hormones kamar su gastrin, insulin, da glucagon na iya zama wata alama ce ta rashin aikin NET.

• CT scan na CT (CAT scan): Hanya ce da ke yin jerin hotunan cikakken ciki, an ɗauke su daga kusurwa daban-daban. Ana yin hotunan ne ta wata kwamfuta da aka haɗa ta da na'urar da ke ɗauke da x-ray. Ana iya yin allurar fenti a cikin jijiya ko haɗiye don taimakawa gabobin ko kyallen takarda su fito fili karara. Wannan hanya ana kiranta yanayin ƙididdigar lissafi, ƙirar kwamfuta, ko ƙirar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar kwamfuta.

• MRI (hoton maganadisu ): Hanya ce wacce ke amfani da maganadisu, raƙuman rediyo, da kuma kwamfuta don yin jerin hotuna dalla-dalla na wurare a cikin jiki. Wannan hanya ana kiranta kuma ana kiranta hoton maganadisu na maganadisu (NMRI).

• Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy: Wani nau'i ne na radionuclide scan wanda za'a iya amfani dashi don nemo kananan NETs na pancreatic. Amountananan octreotide na rediyo na rediyo (wani hormone wanda ke haɗuwa da ciwace-ciwacen daji) ana allura shi a cikin jijiya kuma yana tafiya cikin jini. Rakiton octreotide yana haɗuwa da ƙari kuma ana amfani da kyamara ta musamman da ke gano aikin rediyo don nuna inda ciwace-ciwacen suke a jiki. Ana kiran wannan aikin octreotide scan da SRS.

• Endoscopic duban dan tayi (EUS): Hanya ce wacce ake saka endoscope a jiki, yawanci ta bakin ko dubura. Ganin ƙarshen abu mai nauyi ne, mai kama da bututu tare da haske da ruwan tabarau don kallo. Ana amfani da bincike a ƙarshen endoscope don tayar da raƙuman sauti mai ƙarfi (duban dan tayi) daga kayan ciki ko gabobin ciki kuma yin amo. Eararrawa ta haifar da hoton kayan jikin da ake kira sonogram. Wannan hanya ana kiranta endosonography.

• Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP): Ganin irin yadda ake kawo karshen rayuwa a duniyaHanyar da ake amfani da ita don x-ray bututun (tubes) waɗanda ke ɗauke da bile daga hanta zuwa mafitsara kuma daga gallbladder zuwa ƙananan hanji. Wani lokaci cutar sankara (pancreatic cancer) tana haifar da waɗannan magudanar don taƙaitawa da toshewa ko rage gudu daga bile, yana haifar da jaundice. Ana ratsa maganin karshe a cikin bakin, esophagus, da ciki zuwa sashin farko na karamin hanji. Ganin ƙarshen abu mai nauyi ne, mai kama da bututu tare da haske da ruwan tabarau don kallo. Ana saka catheter (ƙaramin bututu) ta cikin endoscope a cikin bututun hanji. An saka fenti a cikin catheter ɗin a cikin bututun kuma ana ɗaukar x-ray. Idan bututun ya toshe da ƙari, za a iya shigar da bututun mai kyau a cikin bututun don cire shi. Wannan bututun (ko stent) ana iya barin shi a wurin don buɗe bututun. Hakanan za'a iya ɗaukar samfurin nama a bincika ƙarƙashin madubin likita don alamun cutar kansa.

• Angiogram: Hanya ce don kallon magudanan jini da kwararar jini. An sanya fenti mai banbanci a cikin jijiyoyin jini. Yayinda fenti mai banbanci ke motsawa ta cikin jijiyoyin jini, ana daukar hoton x-ray don ganin ko akwai wasu toshewa.

• Laparotomy: Tiyata ce wacce ake yin tiyata (yankewa) a bangon ciki don a duba cikin ciki alamun cuta. Girman ƙwanƙarar ya dogara da dalilin da ake yin laparotomy. Wasu lokuta ana cire gabobi ko kuma a ɗauki samfurin nama a duba su ta hanyar microscope don alamun cuta.

• Intraoperative duban dan tayi: Hanya ce wacce ke amfani da rawanin sauti mai karfi (duban dan tayi) don kirkirar hotunan gabobin ciki ko kyallen takarda yayin aikin tiyata. Ana amfani da transducer wanda aka sanya kai tsaye akan sashin jiki ko nama don yin raƙuman sauti, wanda ke haifar da amsa kuwwa. Mai canzawa yana karɓar amo kuma ya aika zuwa kwamfuta, wanda ke amfani da amo don yin hotunan da ake kira sonogram.

• Biopsy: Cirewar ƙwayoyin halitta ko kyallen takarda don a iya kallon su ta hanyar microscope ta hanyar masanin ilimin ɗan adam don bincika alamun kansar. Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don yin biopsy don NETs na pancreatic. Ana iya cire ƙwayoyin ta amfani da allura mai kyau ko ta faɗi wanda aka saka a ciki a lokacin daukar hoto ko duban dan tayi. Hakanan za'a iya cire tsoka a yayin laparoscopy (wani tiyata da aka yi a bangon ciki).

• Binciken ƙashi: Hanya ce don bincika idan akwai ƙwayoyin halitta masu saurin rarrabawa, kamar ƙwayoyin kansa, a cikin ƙashi. Aramin abu kaɗan ne na rediyo ke shiga cikin jijiya kuma yana tafiya ta cikin jini. Kayan aikin radiyo yana tattarawa a cikin ƙasusuwa masu cutar kansa kuma na'urar daukar hotan takardu ce ke gano su.

Ana amfani da wasu nau'ikan gwaje-gwajen gwaje-gwaje don bincika takamaiman nau'in NETs na pancreatic.

Za a iya amfani da waɗannan gwaje-gwajen da hanyoyin:

Gastrinoma

• Azumin serum gastrin test: Gwaji ne wanda ake duba samfurin jini don auna adadin gastrin a cikin jini. Ana yin wannan gwajin bayan mai haƙuri bai sami abin ci ko sha ba aƙalla awanni 8. Yanayi banda gastrinoma na iya haifar da ƙaruwar adadin gastrin a cikin jini.

• Basal acid fitarwa gwajin: Gwaji don auna adadin asid da ciki yayi. Ana yin gwajin ne bayan mara lafiyar bai sami abin da zai ci ko sha ba a kalla awanni 8. Ana saka bututu ta hanci ko maqogwaro, zuwa cikin ciki. Ana cire kayan ciki kuma ana cire samfuran ciki huɗu ta cikin bututun. Ana amfani da waɗannan samfuran don gano adadin acid na ciki da aka yi yayin gwajin da matakin pH na ɓoyewar ciki.

• Gwajin ɓoye na asirce: Idan sakamakon gwajin fitarwa na asal ba al'ada bane, za a iya yin gwajin ɓoye sirrin. Ana matsar da bututun cikin karamar hanjin kuma ana daukar samfura daga cikin karamar hanjin bayan an yi allurar wani magani da ake kira secretin. Asiri yana sanya karamin hanji ya yi acid. Lokacin da akwai gastrinoma, asirin yana haifar da ƙaruwa game da yadda ake yin acid na ciki da matakin gastrin a cikin jini.

• Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy: Wani nau'i ne na radionuclide scan wanda za'a iya amfani dashi don nemo kananan NETs na pancreatic. Amountananan octreotide na rediyo na rediyo (wani hormone wanda ke haɗuwa da ciwace-ciwacen daji) ana allura shi a cikin jijiya kuma yana tafiya cikin jini. Rakiton octreotide yana haɗuwa da ƙari kuma ana amfani da kyamara ta musamman da ke gano aikin rediyo don nuna inda ciwace-ciwacen suke a jiki. Ana kiran wannan aikin octreotide scan da SRS.

Insulinoma

• Glucose mai azumi da gwajin insulin: Gwajin da ake bincikar samfurin jini don auna yawan glucose (sukari) da insulin a cikin jini. Ana yin gwajin ne bayan mara lafiyar bai sami abin da zai ci ko sha ba a kalla awanni 24.

Glucagonoma [[[

• Gwajin magani mai nauyin glucagon: Gwaji ne wanda ake duba samfurin jini domin auna adadin glucagon a cikin jini. Ana yin gwajin ne bayan mara lafiyar bai sami abin da zai ci ko sha ba a kalla awanni 8.

Sauran nau'o'in tumo

• VIPoma

• Serum VIP (vasoactive intestinal peptide) test: Gwaji ne wanda ake duba samfurin jini don auna adadin VIP.

• Nazarin ilimin sunadarai na jini: Hanya ce wacce ake bincikar samfurin jini don auna adadin wasu abubuwa da aka saki a cikin jini ta gabobi da kayan aiki a jiki. Adadin abu na yau da kullun (mafi girma ko ƙasa da al'ada) na iya zama alamar cuta. A cikin VIPoma, akwai ƙarancin adadin potassium na al'ada.

• Binciken aurin: An bincika samfurin ɗakina don mafi girma fiye da al'ada sodium (gishiri) da matakan potassium.

• Somatostatinoma

• Azumin magani somatostatin: Gwaji ne wanda ake duba samfurin jini don auna adadin somatostatin a cikin jini. Ana yin gwajin ne bayan mara lafiyar bai sami abin da zai ci ko sha ba a kalla awanni 8.

• Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy: Wani nau'i ne na radionuclide scan wanda za'a iya amfani dashi don nemo kananan NETs na pancreatic. Amountananan octreotide na rediyo na rediyo (wani hormone wanda ke haɗuwa da ciwace-ciwacen daji) ana allura shi a cikin jijiya kuma yana tafiya cikin jini. Rakiton octreotide yana haɗuwa da ƙari kuma ana amfani da kyamara ta musamman da ke gano aikin rediyo don nuna inda ciwace-ciwacen suke a jiki. Ana kiran wannan aikin octreotide scan da SRS.

Wasu dalilai suna tasiri hangen nesa (damar dawowa) da zaɓuɓɓukan magani.

NET na Pancreatic galibi ana iya warkewa. Halin hangen nesa (damar dawowa) da zaɓuɓɓukan magani sun dogara da masu zuwa:

• Nau'in kwayar cutar kansa.

• Inda ake samun kumburin cikin mara.

• Ko kumburin ya yadu zuwa wuri sama da daya a cikin pancreas ko kuma zuwa wasu sassan jiki.

• Ko mai haƙuri yana da cutar MEN1.

• Mai haƙuri da shekaru da kuma general kiwon lafiya.

• Ko dai an gano cutar kansa ko kuma ta sake dawowa (dawo).

Matakai na Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors

MAGANAN MAGANA

• Tsarin kula da cutar kansa ya dogara ne da inda aka samu NET a cikin leda da kuma yadda ta yadu.

• Akwai hanyoyi uku da kansar ke yaduwa a jiki.

• Ciwon daji na iya yaduwa daga inda ya fara zuwa sauran sassan jiki.

Tsarin kula da cutar kansa ya dogara ne da inda aka samu NET a cikin leda da kuma yadda ta yadu.

Hanyar da ake amfani da ita don gano ko cutar kansa ta bazu cikin magarjin ko kuma zuwa wasu sassan jiki ana kiranta staging. Ana kuma amfani da sakamakon gwaje-gwaje da hanyoyin da aka yi amfani da su wajen binciko cututtukan neuroendocrine neuropatocrine (NETs) don gano ko ciwon kansa ya bazu. Dubi Babban Bayanin Bayani don bayanin waɗannan gwaje-gwajen da hanyoyin.

Kodayake akwai tsarin daidaitaccen tsarin don NETs na pancreatic, ba a amfani dashi don shirya magani. Jiyya na NET na pancreatic ya dogara da masu zuwa:

• Kodai an samu cutar daji a wuri guda a cikin pancreas.

• Ko ana samun cutar kansa a wurare da yawa a cikin pancreas.

• Ko ciwon daji ya bazu zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph a kusa da pancreas ko kuma zuwa wasu sassan jiki kamar hanta, huhu, peritoneum, ko ƙashi.

Akwai hanyoyi uku da kansar ke yaduwa a jiki.

Ciwon daji na iya yadawa ta hanyar nama, tsarin lymph, da jini:

• Nama. Ciwon daji yana yaduwa daga inda ya fara ta girma zuwa yankuna na kusa.

• Tsarin Lymph. Ciwon daji yana yaduwa daga inda ya faro ta hanyar shiga cikin ƙwayoyin cuta. Ciwon daji yana bi ta cikin jirgin ruwan lymph zuwa wasu sassan jiki.

• Jini. Ciwon daji yana yaduwa daga inda ya fara ta hanyar shiga cikin jini. Ciwon daji yana bi ta hanyoyin jini zuwa wasu sassan jiki.

Ciwon daji na iya yaduwa daga inda ya fara zuwa sauran sassan jiki.

Lokacin da cutar daji ta bazu zuwa wani sashin jiki, akan kira shi metastasis. Kwayoyin sankara suna ɓata daga inda suka fara (asalin ƙwayar cuta) kuma suna tafiya ta cikin tsarin lymph ko jini.

• Tsarin Lymph. Ciwon daji ya shiga cikin tsarin laminin, ya ratsa ta cikin jiragen ruwan lymph, kuma ya samar da ƙari (metastatic tumo) a wani ɓangaren jiki.

• Jini. Ciwon kansa ya shiga cikin jini, ya bi ta hanyoyin jini, ya samar da ƙari (ƙwayar metastatic) a wani ɓangaren jiki.

Ciwon ƙwayar metastatic shine irin ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta kamar ƙwayar farko. Misali, idan ciwon sankara neuroendocrine ya bazu zuwa hanta, ƙwayoyin ƙari a cikin hanta ainihin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta ne na neuroendocrine. Cutar ita ce cututtukan kwayar cutar neuroendocrine, ba ciwon hanta ba.

Maimaita Ciwon Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor

Maimaita cututtukan neuroendocrine (NETs) sune cututtukan da suka sake dawowa (dawo) bayan an bi da su. Ciwace ciwace na iya dawowa cikin pancreas ko kuma a wasu sassan jiki.

Bayanin Zaɓin Jiyya

MAGANAN MAGANA

• Akwai nau'ikan magani iri daban-daban ga marasa lafiya masu cutar NET.

• Ana amfani da nau'i shida na daidaitaccen magani:

• Tiyata

• Chemotherapy

• Hormone far

• Cutar cututtukan hanta mai haɗari ko haɓakawa

• Ciwon da aka yi niyya

• Taimakon tallafi

• Ana gwada sababbin nau'ikan magani a gwajin asibiti.

• Jiyya don ciwan ƙwayar neuroendocrine na pancreatic na iya haifar da sakamako masu illa.

• Marasa lafiya na iya son yin tunani game da shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti.

• Marasa lafiya na iya shiga gwajin asibiti kafin, lokacin, ko bayan fara maganin cutar kansa.

• Ana iya buƙatar gwaje-gwaje na gaba.

Akwai nau'ikan magani iri daban-daban ga marasa lafiya masu cutar NET.

Akwai nau'ikan jiyya iri daban-daban ga marasa lafiya masu fama da cutar ciwan daji neuroendocrine (NETs). Wasu jiyya suna daidaito (magani da ake amfani dashi yanzu), kuma wasu ana gwada su a gwajin asibiti. Gwajin gwajin magani shine binciken bincike wanda aka tsara don taimakawa inganta ingantattun jiyya na yanzu ko samun bayanai game da sababbin jiyya ga marasa lafiya da ciwon daji. Lokacin da gwaji na asibiti ya nuna cewa sabon magani ya fi magani na yau da kullun, sabon magani na iya zama daidaitaccen magani. Marasa lafiya na iya son yin tunani game da shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti. Wasu gwaji na asibiti ana buɗe su ne kawai ga marasa lafiyar da basu fara magani ba.

Ana amfani da nau'i shida na daidaitaccen magani:

Tiyata

Ana iya yin aiki don cire kumburin. Ana iya amfani da ɗayan nau'ikan tiyata masu zuwa:

• Fitar da ciki: Tiyata don cire ƙari kawai. Ana iya yin hakan lokacin da cutar sankara ta faru a wuri guda a cikin ƙoshin mara.

• Pancreatoduodenectomy: Aikin tiyata ne wanda aka cire kansar pancreas, gallbladder, ƙwayoyin lymph da ke kusa da wani ɓangare na ciki, ƙananan hanji, da bile duct An bar yawan kumburin ciki don yin ruwan 'narkewa da insulin. Gabobin da aka cire yayin wannan aikin sun dogara da yanayin mai haƙuri. Wannan kuma ana kiransa Hanyar bulala.

• Rarraba pancreatectomy: Tiyata don cire jiki da wutsiyar pancreas. Hakanan za'a iya cire saifa idan cutar kansa ta bazu zuwa saifa.

• Total gastrectomy: Tiyata don cire duka cikin.

• Potetal cell vagotomy: Tiyata don yanke jijiyar da ke sa ƙwayoyin ciki su yi acid.

• Cutar da hanta: Tiyata don cire wani ɓangare ko duka hanta.

• Rushewar yanayin yanayin rediyo: Amfani da bincike na musamman tare da ƙananan wayoyi waɗanda ke kashe ƙwayoyin kansa. Wasu lokuta ana saka binciken kai tsaye ta cikin fata kuma ana buƙatar maganin rigakafin gida kawai. A wasu lokuta, ana saka binciken ne ta hanyar ragi a cikin ciki. Ana yin wannan a cikin asibiti tare da maganin rigakafin gaba ɗaya.

• Rushewar Cryosurgical: Hanya ce wacce nama ke daskarewa don lalata ƙwayoyin cuta. Ana yin wannan yawanci tare da kayan aiki na musamman wanda ya ƙunshi nitrogen na ruwa ko iskar carbon dioxide. Ana iya amfani da kayan aikin yayin aikin tiyata ko laparoscopy ko saka ta cikin fata. Wannan hanyar ana kiranta da kira mai ƙarfi.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy magani ne na cutar kansa wanda ke amfani da magunguna don dakatar da haɓakar ƙwayoyin kansa, ko dai ta hanyar kashe ƙwayoyin ko ta hana su rarraba. Lokacin da ake shan chemotherapy ta baki ko allura a cikin jijiya ko tsoka, magungunan suna shiga cikin jini kuma zasu iya kaiwa ga kwayoyin cutar kansa a cikin jiki duka (systemotherapy chemotherapy). Lokacin da aka sanya chemotherapy kai tsaye zuwa cikin ruwa mai ruɓaɓɓen ciki, gaɓoɓi, ko rami na jiki kamar ciki, magungunan yawanci suna shafar ƙwayoyin kansa ne a waɗancan yankuna. Haɗaɗɗiyar ƙwayar cuta ita ce amfani da fiye da ɗaya maganin ƙwayar cuta. Hanyar da ake ba da cutar sankara ta dogara da nau'in cutar sankara.

Hormone far

Maganin Hormone magani ne na cutar kansa wanda ke kawar da homonomi ko toshe aikin su kuma ya hana ƙwayoyin cutar kansa girma. Hormones abubuwa ne da gland ke yi a jiki kuma suna yawo a cikin jini. Wasu kwayoyin na iya haifar da wasu cututtukan kansa. Idan gwaje-gwaje sun nuna cewa ƙwayoyin cutar kansa suna da wuraren da homonomi zasu iya haɗawa (masu karɓa), ana amfani da ƙwayoyi, tiyata, ko kuma maganin fuka don rage samar da homon ɗin ko toshe su daga aiki.

Cutar cututtukan hanta mai haɗari ko haɓakawa

Cutar sanyin hanta yana amfani da magunguna, ƙananan ƙwayoyi, ko wasu wakilai don toshewa ko rage gudan jini zuwa hanta ta jijiyoyin hanta (babban jijiyoyin jini da ke ɗaukar jini zuwa hanta). Ana yin wannan don kashe ƙwayoyin kansar da ke girma a cikin hanta. An hana kumburin samun iskar oxygen da abubuwan gina jiki da yake buƙatar girma. Hanta yana ci gaba da karɓar jini daga jijiya, wanda ke ɗaukar jini daga ciki da hanji.

Chemotherapy da aka bayar yayin ɓoyewar jijiyoyin hanta ana kiransa ƙwarewar kamuwa da cuta. Magungunan maganin ciwon daji an saka shi a cikin jijiyoyin hanta ta hanyar catheter (bakin ciki bututu). An haɗu da maganin tare da abin da ke toshe jijiyoyin jini kuma ya yanke jinin jini zuwa ƙari. Mafi yawa daga cikin maganin anta sun makale a kusa da kumburin kuma karamin magani ne kawai ya isa sauran sassan jiki.

Toshewar na iya zama na ɗan lokaci ko na dindindin, gwargwadon abin da aka yi amfani da shi don toshe jijiyar.

Ciwon da aka yi niyya

Targeted therapy wani nau'in magani ne wanda yake amfani da magunguna ko wasu abubuwa don ganowa da afkawa takamaiman ƙwayoyin cutar kansa ba tare da cutar ƙwayoyin halitta ba. Wasu nau'ikan hanyoyin kwantar da hankalin da ake niyya ana nazarin su a cikin maganin NETs na pancreatic.

Taimakon tallafi

Ana ba da kulawa na tallafi don rage matsalolin da cutar ta haifar ko kuma maganinta. Taimako na kulawa don NET na pancreatic na iya haɗawa da magani don masu zuwa:

• Za a iya maganin ulcers na ciki tare da maganin ƙwayoyi kamar:

• Proton pump inhibitors kwayoyi kamar omeprazole, lansoprazole, ko pantoprazole.

• Magungunan hana amfani da histamine kamar cimetidine, ranitidine, ko famotidine.

• Nau'in Somatostatin irin su octreotide.

• Za a iya magance gudawa tare da:

• Ruwan jini (IV) tare da wutan lantarki irin su potassium ko chloride.

• Nau'in Somatostatin irin su octreotide.

• Mayila ana iya magance ƙarancin sikari ta hanyar cin ƙananan abinci, akai-akai ko kuma tare da maganin ƙwayoyi don kiyaye matakin sukari na jini na al'ada.

• Ana iya maganin babban suga na jini tare da magungunan da ake sha ta baki ko insulin ta allura.

Ana gwada sababbin nau'ikan magani a gwajin asibiti.

Ana samun bayani game da gwaji na asibiti daga gidan yanar gizon NCI.

Jiyya don ciwan ƙwayar neuroendocrine na pancreatic na iya haifar da sakamako masu illa.

Don bayani game da illolin da cutar ta kansar ta haifar, duba shafin mu na Side Side.

Marasa lafiya na iya son yin tunani game da shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti.

Ga wasu marasa lafiya, shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti na iya zama mafi kyawun zaɓin magani. Gwajin gwaji wani bangare ne na aikin binciken cutar kansa. Ana yin gwaje-gwajen asibiti don gano ko sabbin maganin cutar daji suna da lafiya da tasiri ko kuma sun fi magani na yau da kullun.

Yawancin yau da kullun na yau da kullun don cutar kansa sun dogara ne akan gwajin asibiti na farko. Marasa lafiya da ke cikin gwaji na asibiti na iya karɓar daidaitaccen magani ko kuma su kasance cikin farkon waɗanda za su karɓi sabon magani.

Marasa lafiya da ke shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti suma suna taimakawa inganta hanyar da za a bi da kansar a nan gaba. Koda lokacin gwajin asibiti bai haifar da sababbin magunguna ba, sau da yawa sukan amsa mahimman tambayoyi kuma suna taimakawa ci gaba da bincike gaba.

Marasa lafiya na iya shiga gwajin asibiti kafin, lokacin, ko bayan fara maganin cutar kansa.

Wasu gwaji na asibiti kawai sun haɗa da marasa lafiya waɗanda ba su sami magani ba tukuna. Sauran gwaje-gwajen suna gwada jiyya ga marasa lafiya waɗanda cutar kansa ba ta samu sauki ba. Hakanan akwai gwaji na asibiti da ke gwada sabbin hanyoyin dakatar da cutar kansa daga sake dawowa (dawowa) ko rage tasirin maganin kansar.

Gwajin gwaji na gudana a sassa da yawa na ƙasar. Bayani game da gwajin asibiti wanda NCI ke tallafawa ana iya samun shi akan shafin binciken gwaji na NCI. Ana iya samun gwajin gwaji na asibiti wanda wasu kungiyoyi ke tallafawa akan gidan yanar gizon ClinicalTrials.gov.

Ana iya buƙatar gwaje-gwaje na gaba.

Za a iya maimaita wasu gwaje-gwajen da aka yi don gano cutar kansa ko don gano matakin cutar kansa. Za a maimaita wasu gwaje-gwaje don ganin yadda magani ke aiki. Shawarwari game da ci gaba, canji, ko dakatar da magani na iya dogara ne da sakamakon waɗannan gwaje-gwajen.

Wasu daga cikin gwaje-gwajen za a ci gaba da yi daga lokaci zuwa lokaci bayan an gama jiyya. Sakamakon waɗannan gwaje-gwajen na iya nuna idan yanayin ku ya canza ko kuma idan kansar ta sake dawowa (dawo). Wadannan gwaje-gwajen wasu lokuta ana kiran su gwaje-gwaje na gaba ko dubawa.

Zaɓuɓɓukan Jiyya don Ciwan Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors

A Wannan Sashin

• Gastrinoma

• Insulinoma

• Glucagonoma

• Sauran Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors (Islet Cell Tumors)

• Maimaitawa ko Ci Gaban Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors (Islet Cell Tumors)

Don bayani game da jiyya da aka jera a ƙasa, duba sashin Kula da Zaɓin Jiyya.

Gastrinoma

Jiyya na gastrinoma na iya haɗawa da kulawa mai taimako da mai zuwa:

• Don alamun cututtukan da yawancin ruwan ciki ke haifarwa, magani na iya zama magani wanda ke rage adadin acid da ciki ke yi.

• Don ciwace guda ɗaya a cikin kansa:

• Tiyata don cire ƙari.

• Yin tiyata don yanke jijiyar da ke haifar da ƙwayoyin ciki don yin acid da magani tare da magani wanda ke rage ruwan ciki.

• Yin aikin tiyata don cire duka cikin (ba safai ba).

• Don ƙari guda a cikin jiki ko wutsiyar ƙashin mara, yawanci magani yawanci tiyata ce don cire jiki ko wutsiyar pancreas.

• Don ciwace-ciwace da yawa a cikin pancreas, yawanci magani yawanci tiyata ce don cire jiki ko wutsiyar pancreas. Idan ƙari ya kasance bayan tiyata, magani na iya haɗawa da:

• Yin tiyata don yanke jijiyar da ke haifar da ƙwayoyin ciki don yin acid da magani tare da magani wanda ke rage ruwan ciki; ko

• Yin aikin tiyata don cire duka cikin (ba safai ba).

• Ga daya ko fiye da ƙari a cikin duodenum (ɓangaren ƙaramar hanji da ke haɗuwa da ciki), yawanci magani yawanci pancreatoduodenectomy (tiyata don cire kansar pancreas, gallbladder, narkakkun mahaɗan kusa da ɓangaren ciki, ƙananan hanji) , da kuma bile bututu).

• Idan ba a sami ƙari ba, magani na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Yin tiyata don yanke jijiyar da ke haifar da ƙwayoyin ciki don yin acid da magani tare da magani wanda ke rage ruwan ciki.

• Yin aikin tiyata don cire duka cikin (ba safai ba).

• Idan ciwon daji ya bazu zuwa hanta, magani na iya haɗawa da:

• Yin aikin tiyata don cire wani ɓangare ko duka hanta.

• Rushewar yanayin yanayin rediyo ko ragi.

• Sanarwar komputa.

• Idan cutar daji ta bazu zuwa wasu sassan jiki ko kuma bata samun sauki ta hanyar tiyata ko magunguna don rage ruwan ciki, magani na iya haɗawa da:

• Chemotherapy.

• Hormone far.

• Idan ciwon daji ya fi rinjayar hanta kuma mai haƙuri yana da alamun bayyanar cututtuka daga homonomi ko daga girman ƙari, magani na iya haɗawa da:

• Unƙwasawar cututtukan hanta, tare da ko ba tare da ilimin sankarar magani ba.

• Chemoembolization, tare da ko ba tare da tsarin ilimin sankarar magani ba.

Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.

Insulinoma

Jiyya na insulinoma na iya haɗawa da masu zuwa:

• Ga wani karamin kumburi a cikin kai ko wutsiyar pancreas, magani yawanci tiyata ne don cire kumburin.

• Ga wani babban kumburi a cikin kansa na pancreas wanda baza'a iya cire shi ta hanyar tiyata ba, magani yawanci shine pancreatoduodenectomy (tiyata don cire kansar pancreas, gallbladder, Lymph nodes kusa da wani ɓangare na ciki, ƙananan hanji, da bile duct) .

• Don babban ƙari guda ɗaya a cikin jiki ko wutsiyar ƙashin mara, magani yawanci yakan zama sanadin gurɓataccen ciki (tiyata don cire jiki da wutsiyar pancreas).

• Don ƙari fiye da ɗaya a cikin pancreas, yawanci magani yawanci tiyata ne don cire duk wani ciwace-ciwacen da ke cikin kawunan pancreas da jiki da wutsiyar pancreas.

• Don ciwace-ciwacen da ba za a iya cire su ta hanyar tiyata ba, magani na iya haɗawa da masu zuwa:

• Hade chemotherapy.

• Magungunan kwantar da hankula don rage yawan insulin da akeyi wanda akeyi.

• Hormone far.

• Rushewar yanayin yanayin rediyo ko ragi.

• Don ciwon daji wanda ya bazu zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph ko wasu sassan jiki, magani na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Tiyata don cire ciwon daji.

• Ragewar yanayin rediyo ko taɓowa, idan ba za a iya cire kansar ta hanyar tiyata ba.

• Idan ciwon daji ya fi rinjayar hanta kuma mai haƙuri yana da alamun bayyanar cututtuka daga homonomi ko daga girman ƙari, magani na iya haɗawa da:

• Unƙwasawar cututtukan hanta, tare da ko ba tare da ilimin sankarar magani ba.

• Chemoembolization, tare da ko ba tare da tsarin ilimin sankarar magani ba.

Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.

Glucagonoma

Jiyya na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Ga wani karamin kumburi a cikin kai ko wutsiyar pancreas, magani yawanci tiyata ne don cire kumburin.

• Ga wani babban kumburi a cikin kansa na pancreas wanda baza'a iya cire shi ta hanyar tiyata ba, magani yawanci shine pancreatoduodenectomy (tiyata don cire kansar pancreas, gallbladder, Lymph nodes kusa da wani ɓangare na ciki, ƙananan hanji, da bile duct) .

• Don ƙari fiye da ɗaya a cikin pancreas, magani yawanci tiyata ne don cire ƙari ko tiyata don cire jiki da wutsiyar ƙashin.

• Don ciwace-ciwacen da ba za a iya cire su ta hanyar tiyata ba, magani na iya haɗawa da masu zuwa:

• Hade chemotherapy.

• Hormone far.

• Rushewar yanayin yanayin rediyo ko ragi.

• Don ciwon daji wanda ya bazu zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph ko wasu sassan jiki, magani na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Tiyata don cire ciwon daji.

• Ragewar yanayin rediyo ko taɓowa, idan ba za a iya cire kansar ta hanyar tiyata ba.

• Idan ciwon daji ya fi rinjayar hanta kuma mai haƙuri yana da alamun bayyanar cututtuka daga homonomi ko daga girman ƙari, magani na iya haɗawa da:

• Unƙwasawar cututtukan hanta, tare da ko ba tare da ilimin sankarar magani ba.

• Chemoembolization, tare da ko ba tare da tsarin ilimin sankarar magani ba.

Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.

Sauran Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors (Islet Cell Tumors)

Don VIPoma, magani na iya haɗawa da masu zuwa:

• Magunguna da maganin hormone don maye gurbin ruwaye da wutan lantarki da suka ɓace daga jiki.

• Yin aikin tiyata don cire kumburi da ƙwayoyin lymph na kusa.

• Yin aikin tiyata don cire yawancin kumburin lokacin da zai yiwu yayin da ba za a iya cire kumburin gaba ɗaya ba ko kuma ya bazu zuwa sassan jiki masu nisa. Wannan aikin kwantar da hankali ne don sauƙaƙe bayyanar cututtuka da haɓaka ƙimar rayuwa.

• Don ciwace-ciwacen daji da suka bazu zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph ko wasu sassan jiki, magani na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Tiyata don cire ƙari.

• Ragewar yanayin rediyo ko cirewa, idan ba za a iya cire kumburin ta hanyar tiyata ba.

• Ga ciwace-ciwacen da ke ci gaba da girma yayin magani ko sun bazu zuwa wasu sassan jiki, magani na iya haɗawa da masu zuwa:

• Chemotherapy.

• Ciwon da aka yi niyya.

Don somatostatinoma, magani na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Tiyata don cire ƙari.

• Ga cutar kansa wacce ta bazu zuwa sassan jiki masu nisa, yin tiyata don cire mafi yawan cutar kansa domin sauƙaƙa alamomin da inganta ƙimar rayuwa.

• Ga ciwace-ciwacen da ke ci gaba da girma yayin magani ko sun bazu zuwa wasu sassan jiki, magani na iya haɗawa da masu zuwa:

• Chemotherapy.

• Ciwon da aka yi niyya.

Jiyya na wasu nau'ikan cututtukan ƙwayar cuta na neuroendocrine (NETs) na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Tiyata don cire ƙari.

• Don ciwon daji wanda ya bazu zuwa ɓangarorin jiki masu nisa, yin tiyata don cire yawancin ciwon daji kamar yadda zai yiwu ko maganin hormone don sauƙaƙe alamomi da haɓaka ƙimar rayuwa.

• Ga ciwace-ciwacen da ke ci gaba da girma yayin magani ko sun bazu zuwa wasu sassan jiki, magani na iya haɗawa da masu zuwa:

• Chemotherapy.

• Ciwon da aka yi niyya.

Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.

Maimaitawa ko Ci Gaban Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors (Islet Cell Tumors)

Jiyya na cututtukan neuroendocrine na pancreatic (NETs) waɗanda ke ci gaba da girma yayin jiyya ko sake dawowa (dawo) na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Tiyata don cire ƙari.

• Chemotherapy.

• Hormone far.

• Ciwon da aka yi niyya.

• Don hanta metastases:

• Yankin chemotherapy.

• Cutar sanyin hanta ko juzu'i, tare da ko ba tare da ilmin kimiya ba.

• Gwajin gwaji na sabon magani.

Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.

Don Morearin Koyo Game da Ciwon Tumbin Neuroendocrine Neurocondic (Tumarin Islet na Islet)

Don ƙarin bayani daga Cibiyar Ciwon aboutwayar Ciwon aboutasa game da cututtukan da suka shafi cututtukan neuroendocrine (NETs), duba waɗannan masu zuwa:

• Shafin Farko na Pancreatic

• Magungunan Ciwon Cutar da Aka Yi niyya

Don cikakkun bayanai game da cutar kansa da sauran albarkatu daga Cibiyar Cancer ta Kasa, duba mai zuwa:

• Game da Ciwon daji

• Tsayawa

• Chemotherapy da ku: Tallafi ga Mutanen da ke Ciwon daji

• Radiation Far da Kai: Taimako ga Mutane Tare da Ciwon daji

• Yin fama da Ciwon daji

• Tambayoyi don Tambayar Doctor game da Ciwon daji

• Don Tsira da Kulawa

Tace ta kwanan wata Tace ta ci

Enable sharhi mai-sabuntawa na atomatik

Yourara tsokaci

love.co tana maraba da duk tsokaci . Idan baku so a san ku, yi rijista ko shiga . Kyauta ne