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Yara Hodgkin Lymphoma Jiyya (®) –Patient Version

Janar Bayani Game da Yaran Hodgkin Lymphoma

MAGANAN MAGANA

• Yarinyar Hodgkin lymphoma wata cuta ce wacce ƙwayoyin cuta masu saurin kamuwa da cuta (cancer) suke samu a cikin tsarin kwayar halitta.

• Manyan nau'ikan nau'ikan lymphoma yara na Hodgkin sune na yau da kullun kuma masu kamuwa da kwayar lymphocyte.

• Cutar cututtukan Epstein-Barr da tarihin iyali na Hodgkin lymphoma na iya ƙara haɗarin ƙuruciya Hodgkin lymphoma.

• Alamomin yarinta Hodgkin lymphoma sun hada da kumburin lymph nodes, zazzabi, zafin zufa na dare, da rage nauyi.

• Gwaje-gwajen da ke bincikar tsarin lymph da sauran sassan jiki ana amfani da su don tantancewa da ɗaukar matakin ƙaramar yarinta Hodgkin lymphoma.

• Wasu dalilai suna tasiri hangen nesa (damar dawowa) da zaɓuɓɓukan magani.

Yarinyar Hodgkin lymphoma wata cuta ce wacce ƙwayoyin cuta masu saurin kamuwa da cuta (cancer) suke samu a cikin tsarin kwayar halitta.

Yarinyar Hodgkin lymphoma wani nau'i ne na ciwon daji wanda ke tasowa a cikin tsarin lymph. Lymph system wani bangare ne na garkuwar jiki. Yana taimakawa kare jiki daga kamuwa da cuta.

Lymph system ya kunshi abubuwa masu zuwa:

• Lymph: Ba shi da launi, ruwa mai ruwa wanda ke bi ta cikin jirgin ruwan lymph kuma yana ɗauke da ƙwayoyin T da B. Lymphocytes wani nau'in ƙwayar farin jini ne.

• Magungunan Lymph: Hanyar sadarwar bututu na bakin ciki wanda ke tattara lymph daga sassa daban-daban na jiki kuma ya mayar dashi zuwa hanyoyin jini.

• Magungunan Lymph: Smallananan, sifofi irin na wake waɗanda ke tace lymph da adana farin ƙwayoyin jini waɗanda ke taimakawa yaƙi da kamuwa da cuta. Ana samo ƙwayoyin lymph tare da cibiyar sadarwar lymph ta cikin jiki. Foundungiyoyin lymph nodes ana samun su a cikin wuya, underarm, mediastinum (yankin tsakanin huhu), ciki, ƙashin ƙugu, da kuma makwancin gwaiwa. Lymphoma na Hodgkin mafi yawanci ana yinsa a cikin ƙwayoyin lymph sama da diaphragm.

• Spleen: Wani sashin jiki ne wanda yake samar da lymphocytes, yana adana jajayen kwayoyin jini da na lymphocytes, yana tace jinin, sannan yana lalata tsoffin kwayoyin jini. Saifa yana gefen hagu na ciki kusa da ciki.

• Thymus: Gabar da T lymphocytes ke girma da ninka a ciki. Thymus yana cikin kirji a bayan kashin ƙirji.

• Kashin kashin jiki: Theaushi mai taushi, mai soso a tsakiyar wasu kasusuwa, kamar ƙashin ƙugu da ƙashin ƙirji. Ana yin farin ƙwayoyin jini, da jajayen ƙwayoyin jini, da platelet a cikin ɓarin kashi.

• Tonsils: smallananan ƙwayoyin lymph biyu a bayan makogwaro. Akwai tanji daya a kowane gefen makogwaro.

Anatomy na tsarin lymph, yana nuna tasoshin lymph da gabobin lymph gami da ƙwayoyin lymph, tonsils, thymus, sppleen, da kuma kashin ƙashi. Lymph (ruwa mai tsabta) da lymphocytes suna tafiya ta cikin jiragen ruwan lymph kuma zuwa cikin ƙwayoyin lymph inda ƙwayoyin lymphocytes ke lalata abubuwa masu cutarwa. Lymph yana shiga cikin jini ta wata babbar jijiya kusa da zuciya.

Hakanan ana samun sassan sassan jikin lymph a wasu sassan jikin kamar su rufin sashin kayan ciki, mashako, da fata.

Akwai nau'o'in ƙwayoyin lymphoma guda biyu: Hodgkin lymphoma da wadanda ba Hodgkin lymphoma. Wannan taƙaitaccen bayani game da maganin yarinta Hodgkin lymphoma.

Lymphoma na Hodgkin yakan fi faruwa sau da yawa a cikin matasa masu shekaru 15 zuwa 19. Maganin yara da matasa ya bambanta da na manya.

Don bayani game da lymphoma ba Hodgkin na yara ko babba Hodgkin lymphoma duba taƙaitattun masu zuwa:

• Kula da Lymphoma na Nonananan yara ba.

• Adult Hodgkin Lymphoma Jiyya.

Manyan nau'ikan nau'ikan lymphoma yara na Hodgkin sune na yau da kullun kuma masu kamuwa da kwayar lymphocyte.

Abubuwa biyu manya na lymphoma na yara Hodgkin sune:

• Classic Hodgkin lymphoma. Wannan shine mafi yawan nau'in Hodgkin lymphoma. Yana faruwa sau da yawa a cikin samari. Lokacin da aka duba samfurin ƙwayoyin lymph kumburi a ƙarƙashin madubin likita, ana iya ganin ƙwayoyin cutar kansa na hompkin lymphoma, waɗanda ake kira ƙwayoyin Reed-Sternberg.

Kwayar Reed-Sternberg Kwayoyin Reed-Sternberg suna da girma, ƙananan ƙwayoyin lymphocytes waɗanda zasu iya ƙunsar fiye da tsakiya ɗaya. Ana samun waɗannan ƙwayoyin a cikin Hodgkin lymphoma.

Classic Hodgkin lymphoma ya kasu kashi huɗu, dangane da yadda ƙwayoyin sankara ke kamawa a ƙarƙashin madubin likita:

• Nodular-sclerosing Hodgkin lymphoma yana faruwa mafi yawancin yara yara da matasa. Yana da kowa don samun kirji a ganewar asali.

• Mixed cellularity Hodgkin lymphoma galibi yana faruwa a cikin yara ƙanana da shekaru 10. Yana da nasaba da tarihin kamuwa da cutar Epstein-Barr (EBV) kuma sau da yawa yakan faru a cikin ƙwayoyin lymph na wuyansa.

• Lymphocyte mai wadataccen kayan gargajiya na Hodgkin lymphoma yana da wuya a yara. Lokacin da ake duban samfurin ƙwayoyin lymph kumburi a ƙarƙashin microscope, akwai ƙwayoyin Reed-Sternberg da ƙwayoyin lymphocytes da yawa da sauran ƙwayoyin jini.

• Kwayar lymphoma ta Hodgkin mai ƙarancin ƙwayar Lymphocyte ba ta da yawa a cikin yara kuma tana faruwa mafi yawanci a cikin manya ko manya da ke fama da ƙwayar ƙwayar ɗan adam (HIV). Lokacin da ake duban samfurin ƙwayoyin lymph kumburi a ƙarƙashin madubin likita, akwai manya-manyan ƙwayoyin cuta masu kama da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na yau da kullun da sauran ƙwayoyin jini.

• Nodular lymphocyte-mafi rinjaye Hodgkin lymphoma. Wannan nau'in lymphoma na Hodgkin ba shi da yawa fiye da na zamanin Hodgkin lymphoma. Mafi yawancin lokuta yakan faru ne a cikin yara thanan shekaru 10 da haihuwa. Lokacin da ake duban samfurin ƙwayoyin lymph kumburi a ƙarƙashin microscope, ƙwayoyin kansa suna kama da "popcorn" saboda yanayin su. Nodular lymphocyte-rinjaye Hodgkin lymphoma sau da yawa yakan faru a matsayin kumburin lymph kumburi a cikin wuyansa, underarm, ko makwancin gwaiwa. Yawancin mutane ba su da wasu alamu ko alamomin cutar kansa a lokacin da aka gano su.

Cutar cututtukan Epstein-Barr da tarihin iyali na Hodgkin lymphoma na iya ƙara haɗarin ƙuruciya Hodgkin lymphoma.

Duk wani abu da zai kara maka hadarin kamuwa da cuta to ana kiran sa mai hadari. Samun haɗari ba ya nufin cewa za ku kamu da cutar kansa; ba tare da haɗarin abubuwan haɗari ba yana nufin cewa ba zaku sami cutar kansa ba. Yi magana da likitan ɗanka idan kana tunanin ɗanka na cikin haɗari.

Abubuwan haɗari don ƙananan yara Hodgkin lymphoma sun haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Kasancewa da cutar Epstein-Barr (EBV).

• Samun tarihin mutum na mononucleosis ("mono").

• Kasancewa tare da kwayar cutar kanjamau (HIV).

• Samun wasu cututtuka na tsarin rigakafi, irin su rashin lafiyar lymphoproliferative.

• Samun raunin garkuwar jiki bayan dasawa ko kuma daga magani da aka bayar bayan dasawa don dakatar da sashin daga jiki.

• Samun iyaye, ɗan'uwana, ko 'yar'uwar ku da tarihin sirri na Hodgkin lymphoma.

Kasancewa da kamuwa da cututtuka na yau da kullun a ƙuruciya na iya rage haɗarin Hodgkin lymphoma a cikin yara saboda tasirin da yake da shi akan tsarin garkuwar jiki.

Alamomin yarinta Hodgkin lymphoma sun hada da kumburin lymph nodes, zazzabi, zafin zufa na dare, da rage nauyi.

Alamu da alamomin cutar Hodgkin lymphoma sun dogara ne da inda ciwon kansa yake a jiki da kuma girman kansa. Wadannan da sauran alamu da alamomin na iya haifar da sifar Hodgkin lymphoma ta yara ko ta wasu yanayi. Binciki likitan ɗanka idan ɗanka yana da ɗayan masu zuwa:

• Mara zafi, kumburin lymph node kusa da ƙashin wuya ko a wuya, kirji, ƙasan mara, ko makwancin gwaiwa.

• Zazzabi ba tare da sananne dalili ba.

• Rashin nauyi ba tare da wani dalili da aka sani ba.

• Zafin zufa na dare.

• Jin kasala sosai.

• Rashin abinci.

• Fata mai kaushi.

• Tari.

• Rashin numfashi, musamman lokacin kwanciya.

• Jin zafi a cikin ƙwayoyin lymph bayan shan giya.

Zazzabi ba tare da sanannen dalili ba, rage nauyi ba tare da sananne ba, ko zufa cikin dare ana kiransa alamun B Kwayar cutar B wani muhimmin bangare ne na shirya Hodgkin lymphoma da fahimtar damar mai haƙuri na murmurewa.

Gwaje-gwajen da ke bincikar tsarin lymph da sauran sassan jiki ana amfani da su don tantancewa da ɗaukar matakin ƙaramar yarinta Hodgkin lymphoma.

Gwaje-gwaje da hanyoyin da ke yin hotunan tsarin lymph da sauran sassan jiki na taimakawa gano ƙuruciya Hodgkin lymphoma da kuma nuna yadda cutar kansa ta bazu. Hanyar da ake amfani da ita don gano idan ƙwayoyin kansar suka bazu a wajen tsarin kwayar halitta ana kiranta staging. Don tsara magani, yana da mahimmanci a san ko cutar daji ta bazu zuwa sauran sassan jiki.

Waɗannan gwaje-gwajen da hanyoyin na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Jarabawa ta jiki da tarihin lafiya: Jarabawa ta jiki don bincika alamomin lafiya gaba ɗaya, gami da bincika alamun cuta, kamar kumburi ko wani abu da kamar baƙon abu. Za a kuma ɗauki tarihin al'adun lafiyar marasa lafiya da cututtukan da suka gabata da magunguna.

• Cikakken ƙidayar jini (CBC): Hanyar da za'a zana samfurin jini kuma a bincika ta mai zuwa:

• Adadin jajayen ƙwayoyin jini, fararen ƙwayoyin jini, da platelets.

• Adadin haemoglobin (furotin da ke ɗauke da iskar oxygen) a cikin ƙwayoyin jinin jini.

• Yankin samfurin jini ya kunshi jajayen ƙwayoyin jini.

Kammala lissafin jini (CBC). Ana tattara jini ta hanyar sanya allura a cikin jijiya da kuma barin jini ya kwarara cikin bututu. Ana aika samfurin jini zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje kuma ana kidaya ƙwayoyin jinin jini, fararen ƙwayoyin jini, da kuma platelets. Ana amfani da CBC don gwadawa, gano asali, da kuma lura da yanayi daban-daban.

• Nazarin ilimin sunadarai na jini: Hanya ce da ake bincikar samfurin jini don auna adadin wasu abubuwa da aka saki cikin jini, gami da albumin, ta gabobi da kyallen takarda a jiki. Adadin abu na yau da kullun (mafi girma ko ƙasa da al'ada) na iya zama alamar cuta.

• Yanayin Jin jiki: Hanya ce wacce ake zana samfurin jini kuma a binciki yawan kuɗin da jajayen ƙwayoyin jinin suke sauka zuwa ƙasan bututun gwajin. Yawan kuzarin shine ma'aunin yawan kumburi a jiki. Matsayi mafi girma fiye da ƙazantar da hankali na iya zama alamar lymphoma. Hakanan ana kiransa erythrocyte sedimentation rate, sed rate, ko ESR.

• CT scan (CAT scan): Hanya ce da ke yin jerin hotuna dalla-dalla na wurare a cikin jiki, kamar wuya, kirji, ciki, ko ƙashin ƙugu, waɗanda aka ɗauka daga kusurwa daban-daban. Ana yin hotunan ne ta wata kwamfuta da aka haɗa ta da na'urar da ke ɗauke da x-ray. Ana iya yin allurar fenti a cikin jijiya ko haɗiye don taimakawa gabobin ko kyallen takarda su fito fili karara. Wannan hanya ana kiranta yanayin ƙididdigar lissafi, ƙirar kwamfuta, ko ƙirar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar kwamfuta.

Utedididdigar hoto (CT) na ciki. Yaron yana kwance a kan tebur wanda yake zamewa ta cikin na'urar daukar hoto na CT, wanda ke ɗaukar hotunan x-ray na cikin ciki.

• PET scan (positron emission tomography scan): Hanya ce don gano ƙwayoyin cuta masu illa a jiki. An sanya ƙwayar glucose mai ƙarancin rediyo (sukari) a cikin jijiya. Na'urar daukar hoton PET tana juyawa a jiki kuma tana yin hoto inda ake amfani da glucose a jiki. Kwayoyin cuta masu illa suna nuna haske a hoton saboda suna aiki kuma suna ɗaukar glucose fiye da ƙwayoyin al'ada. Wani lokaci ana yin PET scan da CT scan a lokaci guda. Idan akwai wata cutar kansa, wannan yana kara damar samun sa.

Positron watsi tomography (PET) scan. Yaron yana kwance akan tebur wanda yake zamewa ta cikin na'urar daukar hoton PET. Hutun kai da farin madauri suna taimaka wa yaron ya kwanta. Ana shigar da ƙaramin gulukos na rediyo (sukari) a cikin jijiyar yaron, kuma na'urar daukar hotan takardu tana yin hoto inda ake amfani da glucose a jiki. Kwayoyin cutar kansa suna nunawa a cikin hoto saboda suna ɗaukar glucose fiye da ƙwayoyin al'ada.

• MRI (hoton maganadisu): Hanya ce wacce ke amfani da maganadisu, igiyar ruwa ta rediyo, da kuma kwamfuta don yin jerin hotuna dalla-dalla na wurare a cikin jiki, kamar ƙwayoyin lymph. Wannan hanya ana kiranta kuma ana kiranta hoton maganadisu na maganadisu (NMRI).

Hanyoyin fuska ta maganadisu (MRI) na ciki. Yaron yana kwance a kan tebur wanda yake zamewa cikin sikanin MRI, wanda ke ɗaukar hotunan cikin jiki. Kushin da ke jikin yaron yana taimaka wajan bayyana hotunan a bayyane.

• Kirjin x-ray: X-ray na gabobin da kasusuwa a cikin kirji. X-ray wani irin katako ne na katako wanda zai iya ratsa jiki zuwa fim, yana yin hoton wurare a cikin jiki.

• Burin kasusuwan kasusuwa da biopsy: Cire kasusuwan kasusuwa da karamin guntun kashi ta hanyar sanya allura mara kyau a cikin kashin hanji ko kashin mama. Wani masanin ilimin ɗan adam ya kalli ɓarke ​​da ƙashi a ƙarƙashin microscope don neman ƙwayoyin cuta mara kyau. Burin kasusuwan kasusuwa da biopsy ana yin su ne ga marasa lafiya masu fama da cutar ci gaba da / ko alamun B.

Burin kasusuwa da biopsy. Bayan an lasafta wani karamin yanki na fata, sai a saka allurar kasusuwa ta kashin a cikin kashin cincin yaron. Ana cire samfurorin jini, kashi, da kashin nama don bincike a karkashin wani madubin likita.

• Lymph node biopsy: Cire duka ko ɓangare na ƙwayoyin lymph ɗaya ko fiye. Za'a iya cire kumburin lymph yayin hoton CT mai shiryar da hoto ko thoracoscopy, mediastinoscopy, ko laparoscopy. Ofaya daga cikin nau'ikan biopsies na iya yi:

• Excisional biopsy: Cire dukkanin kumburin lymph.

• Gwajin halittar jikinka: Cire wani bangare na kumburin lymph.

• Core biopsy: Cire tsoka daga kumburin kumburi ta amfani da babban allura.

Wani masanin ilimin ɗan adam ya kalli naman lymph kumburi a ƙarƙashin microscope don bincika ƙwayoyin kansa da ake kira Reed-Sternberg. Kwayoyin Reed-Sternberg sanannu ne a cikin tsohuwar hompkin lymphoma.

Za'a iya yin gwajin na gaba akan nama wanda aka cire:

• Immunophenotyping: Gwajin dakin gwaje-gwaje da ke amfani da kwayoyin cuta don gano kwayoyin cutar kansar dangane da nau'ikan antigens ko alamomi a saman sel. Ana amfani da wannan gwajin don taimakawa wajen gano takamaiman nau'in lymphoma ..

Wasu dalilai suna tasiri hangen nesa (damar dawowa) da zaɓuɓɓukan magani.

Halin hangen nesa (damar dawowa) da zaɓuɓɓukan magani sun dogara da masu zuwa:

• Matakin kansar (girman kansar da kuma ko kansa ya bazu a ƙasa da diaphragm ko zuwa fiye da rukuni na lymph nodes).

• Girman kumburin.

• Ko akwai alamun B (zazzabi ba tare da sanannen dalili ba, ragin nauyi ba tare da wani dalili ba, ko daddare zufa na dare) a ganewar asali.

• Nau'in Hodgkin lymphoma.

• Wasu fasalulluka na kwayoyin cutar kansa.

• Samun fiye da yawan adadin yawan fararen ƙwayoyin jini ko ƙarancin jini a lokacin ganewar asali.

• Ko akwai ruwa a kewayen zuciya ko huhu a ganewar asali.

• Matsakaicin zafin nama ko matakin albumin da ke cikin jini.

• Yaya yadda ciwon daji ke amsawa ga magani na farko tare da chemotherapy.

• Jima'in yaron.

• Ko cutar sankara ce sabuwa ko kuma ta sake dawowa (dawo).

Zaɓuɓɓukan maganin sun dogara da:

• Ko akwai ƙananan, matsakaici, ko kuma haɗarin cutar kansa zai dawo bayan jiyya.

• Shekarun yaron.

• Rashin haɗarin illa na dogon lokaci.

Yawancin yara da matasa tare da sabbin cututtukan Hodgkin lymphoma za a iya warke.

Matakan Yarinyar Hodgkin Lymphoma

MAGANAN MAGANA

• Bayan an gano lymphoma na yara Hodgkin, ana yin gwaje-gwaje don gano ko kwayoyin cutar kansa sun bazu cikin tsarin kwayar halitta ko zuwa wasu sassan jiki.

• Akwai hanyoyi uku da kansar ke yaduwa a jiki.

• Ana amfani da matakai masu zuwa don yara lymphoma Hodgkin:

• Mataki Na

• Mataki na II

• Mataki na III

• Mataki na IV

• Baya ga lambar matakin, ana iya lura da haruffa A, B, E, ko S.

• Yaran Hodgkin lymphoma ana bi da shi bisa ga ƙungiyoyin haɗari.

Bayan an gano lymphoma na yara Hodgkin, ana yin gwaje-gwaje don gano ko kwayoyin cutar kansa sun bazu cikin tsarin kwayar halitta ko zuwa wasu sassan jiki.

Hanyar da ake amfani da ita don gano ko cutar kansa ta bazu cikin tsarin kwayar halitta ko zuwa wasu sassan jiki ana kiranta staging. Bayanin da aka tattara daga tsarin daukar matakan tantance matakin cutar. Ana amfani da sakamakon gwaje-gwajen da hanyoyin da aka yi don tantancewa da matakin Hodgkin lymphoma don taimakawa yanke shawara game da magani.

Akwai hanyoyi uku da kansar ke yaduwa a jiki.

Ciwon daji na iya yadawa ta hanyar nama, tsarin lymph, da jini:

• Nama. Ciwon daji yana yaduwa daga inda ya fara ta girma zuwa yankuna na kusa.

• Tsarin Lymph. Ciwon daji yana yaduwa daga inda ya faro ta hanyar shiga cikin ƙwayoyin cuta. Ciwon daji yana bi ta cikin jirgin ruwan lymph zuwa wasu sassan jiki.

• Jini. Ciwon daji yana yaduwa daga inda ya fara ta hanyar shiga cikin jini. Ciwon daji yana bi ta hanyoyin jini zuwa wasu sassan jiki.

Ana amfani da matakai masu zuwa don yara lymphoma Hodgkin:

Mataki Na

Mataki na yara Hodgkin lymphoma. Ana samun ciwon daji a cikin ɗaya ko fiye da ƙwayoyin lymph a cikin ƙungiyar lymph node ɗaya. A cikin matakin IE (ba a nuna ba), ana samun kansar a waje da ƙwayoyin lymph a cikin sashin ɗaya ko yanki.

Stage I ya kasu kashi-kashi I da stage IE.

• Mataki Na: Ana samun ciwon daji a ɗayan ɗayan wurare masu zuwa a cikin tsarin lymph:

• Oraya ko fiye da ƙwayoyin lymph a cikin ƙungiyar lymph node ɗaya.

• Zoben Waldeyer.

• Thymus.

• pleen.

• Mataki na IE: Ana samun ciwon daji a wajen tsarin tsarin lymph a cikin wani sashi ko yanki.

Mataki na II

Mataki na II ya kasu kashi biyu zuwa mataki na II da mataki na IIE.

• Mataki na II: Ana samun sankara a cikin ƙungiyoyin lymph node biyu ko sama da haka ko a sama ko a ƙasa da diaphragm (ƙananan sikirin da ke ƙasan huhu wanda ke taimakawa numfashi kuma ya raba kirji daga ciki).

Mataki na II yarinta Hodgkin lymphoma. Ana samun sankara a cikin ƙungiyoyin kumburi biyu ko fiye, kuma duka biyun suna sama (a) ko ƙasa (b) diaphragm.

• Mataki na IIE: Ana samun ciwon daji a cikin ɗaya ko fiye ƙungiyoyin lymph kumburi ko a sama ko ƙasa da diaphragm kuma a waje da ƙwayoyin lymph a cikin gaɓaɓɓiyar gaɓa ko yanki.

Mataki IIE yara Hodgkin lymphoma. Ana samun ciwon daji a cikin ɗaya ko fiye ƙungiyoyin kumburi na sama ko ƙasa da diaphragm kuma a wajen ƙoshin lymph a cikin gaɓoɓi ko yanki na kusa (a).

Mataki na III

Mataki na III yara Hodgkin lymphoma. Ana samun sankara a cikin ɗaya ko fiye ƙungiyoyin kumburi na sama da ƙasa da diaphragm (a). A cikin mataki na IIIE, ana samun kansar a cikin ƙungiyoyin kumburi na lymph a sama da ƙasan diaphragm kuma a waje da ƙwayoyin lymph a cikin gaɓoɓi ko yanki na kusa (b). A mataki na IIIS, ana samun kansar a cikin ƙungiyoyin kumburi na lymph a sama da ƙasan diaphragm (a) da kuma cikin ɓoyi (c). A cikin mataki na IIIS da E, ana samun cutar kansa a cikin ƙungiyoyin kumburin lymph sama da ƙasa da diaphragm, a waje da ƙwayoyin lymph a cikin sashin jiki na kusa ko yanki (b), da kuma cikin baƙin ciki (c).

Mataki na III ya kasu kashi na uku, na IIIE, na IIIS, da na IIIE, S.

• Mataki na III: Ana samun cutar kansa a cikin ƙungiyoyin kumburi na lymph a sama da ƙasan diaphragm (ƙananan sikirin da ke ƙasan huhu wanda ke taimakawa numfashi kuma ya raba kirji daga ciki).

• Mataki IIIE: Ana samun cutar kansa a cikin ƙungiyoyin kumburi na lymph a sama da ƙasan diaphragm da wajen ƙullun lymph a cikin gaɓoɓi ko yanki na kusa.

• Mataki na IIIS: Ana samun sankara a cikin ƙungiyoyin kumburi na lymph a sama da ƙasan diaphragm, kuma a cikin saifa.

• Mataki IIIE, S: Ana samun cutar kansa a cikin ƙungiyoyin lymph node sama da ƙasa da diaphragm, a waje da ƙwayoyin lymph a cikin gaɓa ko yanki na kusa, da kuma a cikin saifa.

Mataki na IV

Mataki na IV yara Hodgkin lymphoma. Ana samun ciwon daji a wajen ƙwayoyin lymph ko'ina cikin gabobi ɗaya ko fiye (a); ko a waje da ƙwayoyin lymph a cikin sashin jiki ɗaya kuma ya bazu zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph nesa da wannan ɓangaren (b); ko a huhu, hanta, ko kashin kashi.

A mataki na hudu, cutar kansa:

• ana samunsa a wajen ƙwayoyin lymph ko'ina cikin gabobi ɗaya ko fiye, kuma yana iya kasancewa a cikin ƙwayoyin lymph kusa da waɗannan gabobin; ko

• ana samunsa a wajen ƙwayoyin lymph a cikin sashin ɗaya kuma ya bazu zuwa yankunan da ke nesa da wannan ɓangaren; ko

• ana samun sa a cikin huhu, hanta, kashin kashi, ko kuma ruwar jijiya (CSF). Ciwon kansa bai yada zuwa huhu, hanta, bargo, ko CSF ​​daga yankuna da ke kusa ba.

Baya ga lambar matakin, ana iya lura da haruffa A, B, E, ko S.

Haruffa A, B, E, ko S na iya amfani da su don ƙarin bayyana matakan ƙuruciya Hodgkin lymphoma.

• A: Mai haƙuri ba shi da alamun B (zazzabi, rage nauyi, ko zufa da dare).

• B: Mai haƙuri yana da alamun B.

• E: Ana samun ciwon daji a cikin wani sashin jiki ko nama wanda ba ɓangare ba ne na tsarin ƙwayoyin fata amma wanda zai iya zama kusa da wani yanki na tsarin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cutar da cutar kansa ta shafa.

• S: Ana samun cutar kansa a cikin baƙin ciki.

Yaran Hodgkin lymphoma ana bi da shi bisa ga ƙungiyoyin haɗari.

Yaran Hodgkin lymphoma da ba a kula da su ba ya kasu kashi zuwa kungiyoyin haɗari dangane da matakin, girman ƙari, da kuma ko mai haƙuri yana da alamun B (zazzabi, rage nauyi, ko zufa da dare). Theungiyar haɗarin ta bayyana yiwuwar cewa lymphoma Hodgkin ba zai amsa magani ba ko dawowa (dawowa) bayan jiyya. Ana amfani dashi don tsara maganin farko.

• Lowananan haɗarin ƙananan yara Hodgkin lymphoma.

• Matsakaici-haɗarin ƙananan yara Hodgkin lymphoma.

• Babban haɗarin ƙananan yara Hodgkin lymphoma.

Hodananan lymphoma na Hodgkin mai haɗari yana buƙatar ƙananan rawanin magani, ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, da ƙananan allurai na maganin anticancer fiye da lymphoma mai haɗari.

Matsayi na Farko / Maimaita Hodgkin Lymphoma a Yara da Matasa

Farkon abin da ke hana Hodgkin lymphoma shine kwayar cutar da ke ci gaba ko girma ko yaduwa yayin jiyya.

Maimaita Hodgkin lymphoma shine ciwon daji wanda ya sake dawowa (dawo) bayan an magance shi. Lymphoma na iya dawowa cikin tsarin kwayar halittar jiki ko kuma a wasu sassan jiki, kamar su huhu, hanta, kasusuwa, ko kashin nama.

Bayanin Zaɓin Jiyya

MAGANAN MAGANA

• Akwai nau'ikan magani iri daban-daban ga yara tare da Hodgkin lymphoma.

• Yaran da ke da cutar Hodgkin lymphoma ya kamata ƙungiyar masu ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya waɗanda suka kware a kan magance kansar yara.

• Jiyya don ƙananan yara Hodgkin lymphoma yana haifar da sakamako masu illa da ƙarshen sakamako.

• Ana amfani da nau'i shida na daidaitaccen magani:

• Chemotherapy

• Radiation far

• Ciwon da aka yi niyya

• Immunotherapy

• Tiyata

• -Aramin magani mai ƙarfi tare da dasawar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta

• Ana gwada sababbin nau'ikan magani a gwajin asibiti.

• Proton katako radiation far

• Marasa lafiya na iya son yin tunani game da shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti.

• Marasa lafiya na iya shiga gwajin asibiti kafin, lokacin, ko bayan fara maganin cutar kansa.

• Ana iya buƙatar gwaje-gwaje na gaba.

Akwai nau'ikan magani iri daban-daban ga yara tare da Hodgkin lymphoma.

Akwai nau'ikan magani daban-daban don yara tare da Hodgkin lymphoma. Wasu jiyya suna daidaito kuma wasu ana gwada su a gwajin asibiti. Gwajin gwajin magani shine binciken bincike wanda aka tsara don taimakawa inganta ingantattun jiyya na yanzu ko samun bayanai game da sababbin jiyya ga marasa lafiya da ciwon daji. Lokacin da gwaji na asibiti ya nuna cewa sabon magani ya fi magani na yau da kullun, sabon magani na iya zama daidaitaccen magani.

Saboda cutar kansa a cikin yara ba safai ba, ya kamata a yi la'akari da shiga cikin gwajin asibiti. Wasu gwaji na asibiti ana buɗe su ne kawai ga marasa lafiyar da basu fara magani ba.

Yaran da ke da cutar Hodgkin lymphoma ya kamata ƙungiyar masu ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya waɗanda suka kware a kan magance kansar yara.

Jiyya za ta kula da likitan ilimin likitan yara, likita wanda ya kware kan kula da yara masu cutar kansa. Masanin ilimin likitancin yara yana aiki tare da wasu masu ba da kula da lafiyar yara waɗanda ƙwararru ne wajen kula da yara tare da Hodgkin lymphoma kuma waɗanda suka kware a wasu fannonin magani. Wadannan na iya hada da kwararru masu zuwa:

• Likitan yara.

• Masanin ilimin likita / likitan jini.

• Radiation oncologist

• Kwararren likitan yara.

• Masanin ilimin psychologist.

• Ma'aikacin zamantakewa.

• Kwararren rayuwar yara.

Maganin lymphoma na Hodgkin a cikin samari da matasa na iya zama daban da maganin yara. Wasu matasa da samari ana kula dasu da tsarin kula da manya.

Jiyya don ƙananan yara Hodgkin lymphoma yana haifar da sakamako masu illa da ƙarshen sakamako.

Don bayani game da illolin da ke farawa yayin magani don cutar kansa, duba shafin Gurbinmu.

Hanyoyi masu illa daga maganin ciwon daji wanda zai fara bayan jiyya kuma ya ci gaba tsawon watanni ko shekaru ana kiransa sakamako na ƙarshe. Saboda ƙarshen sakamako yana shafar lafiya da ci gaba, jarrabawar bin diddigi na da mahimmanci.

Sakamakon sakamako na maganin kansa na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Matsalolin jiki waɗanda ke shafar waɗannan masu zuwa:

• Ci gaban jima'i da sassan haihuwa.

• Haihuwa (ikon samun yara).

• Kashi da ci gaban tsoka da ci gaba.

• Thyroid, zuciya, ko huhu aiki.

• Hakora, gumis, da aikin gland na salivary.

• Spleen aiki (haɗarin kamuwa da cuta).

• Canje-canje a cikin yanayi, ji, tunani, ilmantarwa, ko ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya.

• Cancer na biyu (sababbin nau'o'in cutar kansa), kamar nono, thyroid, fata, huhu, ciki, ko launi.

Ga mata da suka rayu daga Hodgkin lymphoma, akwai ƙarin haɗarin cutar sankarar mama. Wannan haɗarin ya dogara da adadin radiation ɗin da nono ya karɓa a yayin jiyya da kuma tsarin amfani da cutar sankara. Hadarin cutar sankarar mama yana raguwa idan aka kuma bayar da radiation ga kwayayen.

An ba da shawarar cewa mata masu tsira waɗanda suka sami maganin fuka-fuka a kan mama suna da mammogram da MRI sau ɗaya a shekara fara shekara 8 bayan jiyya ko kuma shekara 25, ko wanne daga baya. An kuma ba da shawarar cewa mata masu tsira suna yin gwajin kansu a kowane wata daga lokacin da suka balaga kuma suna da gwajin nono da wani kwararren likita ke yi a duk shekara yana farawa tun lokacin balaga har zuwa shekaru 25.

Wasu maganganun ƙarshen ana iya magance su ko sarrafa su. Yana da mahimmanci a yi magana da likitocin ɗanka game da yiwuwar ƙarshen cututtukan da wasu jiyya suka haifar. (Dubi taƙaitaccen bayanin akan ƙarshen tasirin Jiyya don Ciwon Childhoodan yara don ƙarin bayani).

Ana amfani da nau'i shida na daidaitaccen magani:

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy magani ne na cutar kansa wanda ke amfani da ƙwayoyi ɗaya ko fiye don dakatar da haɓakar ƙwayoyin kansa, ko dai ta hanyar kashe ƙwayoyin ko kuma hana su rarraba. Maganin ciwon daji ta amfani da fiye da ɗaya magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta da ake kira hade chemotherapy. Lokacin da ake shan chemotherapy ta baki ko allura a cikin jijiya ko tsoka, magungunan suna shiga cikin jini kuma zasu iya kaiwa ga kwayoyin cutar kansa a cikin jiki duka (chemotherapy systemic). Lokacin da aka sanya chemotherapy kai tsaye zuwa cikin ruwa mai ruɓaɓɓen ciki, gaɓoɓi, ko rami na jiki kamar ciki, magungunan yawanci suna shafar ƙwayoyin kansa a cikin waɗancan yankuna (chemotherapy na yanki).

Hanyar da ake ba da cutar sankara ta dogara da ƙungiyar haɗari. Misali, yara da ke da ƙananan haɗarin Hodgkin lymphoma suna karɓar rawanin kaɗan na jiyya, ƙananan magungunan masu ba da magani, da ƙananan allurai na maganin rigakafi fiye da yara masu cutar lymphoma mai haɗari.

Duba Magungunan da aka Amince da Hodgkin Lymphoma don ƙarin bayani.

Radiation far

Radiation therapy magani ne na cutar kansa wanda yake amfani da hasken rana mai ƙarfi ko wasu nau'ikan radiation don kashe ƙwayoyin kansa ko hana su girma. Akwai nau'o'in maganin radiation guda biyu:

• Magungunan radiation na waje yana amfani da inji a waje don aika radiation zuwa ga cutar kansa. Wasu hanyoyi na ba da maganin fitila na iya taimakawa kiyaye radiation daga lalata lafiyar nama mai kusa. Waɗannan nau'ikan maganin radiation na waje sun haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Magungunan radiation na yau da kullun: Maganin ƙwayar cuta ta zamani shine nau'in maganin fure na waje wanda yake amfani da komputa don yin hoto mai girman 3 (3-D) na ƙari kuma yana tsara katangar fitila don dacewa da ƙari.

• Radiationarfin ƙwayar cuta mai ƙarfi (IMRT): IMRT wani nau'i ne na maganin fitilar 3-girma (3-D) wanda ke amfani da kwamfuta don yin hotunan girman da siffar kumburin. Beananan bakin katako na iska mai ƙarfi daban-daban (ƙarfi) ana nufin kumburin daga kusurwa da yawa.

• Magungunan radiation na ciki yana amfani da abu mai tasirin rediyo wanda aka rufe a cikin allurai, tsaba, wayoyi, ko catheters waɗanda aka sanya kai tsaye zuwa ko kusa da ciwon daji.

Za a iya ba da maganin kashe hasken rana, gwargwadon rukunin haɗarin yaron da tsarin kula da cutar sankara. Ana amfani da maganin radiation na waje don kula da yara lymphoma Hodgkin. Ana ba da radiation ne kawai ga ƙwayoyin lymph ko wasu yankuna masu fama da cutar kansa. Ba a amfani da maganin fitila na cikin gida don magance lymphoma Hodgkin.

Ciwon da aka yi niyya

Targeted therapy wani nau'in magani ne wanda yake amfani da magunguna ko wasu abubuwa don ganowa da afkawa takamaiman ƙwayoyin cutar kansa ba tare da cutar ƙwayoyin halitta ba. Nau'o'in maganin da aka yi niyya sun haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Magungunan rigakafi na Monoclonal: Maganin antibody na Monoclonal magani ne na ciwon daji wanda ke amfani da kwayar cutar da aka yi a dakin gwaje-gwaje daga nau'in kwayar halitta guda ɗaya. Wadannan kwayoyin cuta na jikin mutum na iya gano abubuwan da ke jikin kwayoyin cutar kansar ko kuma wasu abubuwa na yau da kullun wadanda zasu iya taimakawa kwayoyin cutar kansa. Kwayoyin rigakafin suna haɗuwa da abubuwan kuma suna kashe ƙwayoyin cutar kansa, toshe haɓakar su, ko kiyaye su daga yaɗuwa. Ana ba da ƙwayoyin cuta na Monoclonal ta hanyar jiko. Ana iya amfani da su su kaɗai ko ɗaukar ƙwayoyi, gubobi, ko kayan aikin rediyo kai tsaye zuwa ƙwayoyin kansa.

Rituximab ko brentuximab za a iya amfani da su don magance ƙyama ko maimaita yarinta Hodgkin lymphoma.

• Magungunan hanawa na proteasome: Maganin hana mai kariya na Proteasome wani nau'in magani ne da aka niyya wanda ke toshe aikin proteasomes a cikin ƙwayoyin kansa. Proteasomes suna cire sunadaran da kwayar halitta take buƙata. Lokacin da aka toshe proteasomes, sunadaran suna ginawa a cikin tantanin halitta kuma yana iya haifar da kwayar cutar kansa ta mutu.

Bortezomib shine mai hana yaduwar cuta wanda aka yi amfani dashi don magance rashin ƙarfi ko maimaita yara yara Hodgkin lymphoma.

Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy magani ne wanda ke amfani da garkuwar jikin mara lafiya don yaƙar kansa. Abubuwan da jiki ya yi ko aka yi a dakin gwaje-gwaje ana amfani da su don haɓaka, kai tsaye, ko maido da kariya ta jiki daga cutar kansa. Wannan nau'in maganin cutar kansar ana kuma kiransa ilimin ilimin halittu ko kuma ilimin rayuwa. Nau'o'in rigakafin rigakafi sun haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Mai hana shigar shingen kariya: Masu hana PD-1 nau'ikan magani ne na masu hana kariya. PD-1 shine furotin akan saman ƙwayoyin T wanda ke taimakawa kiyaye amsoshin garkuwar jiki cikin bincike. Lokacin da PD-1 ke haɗuwa da wani furotin da ake kira PDL-1 akan kwayar sankara, yakan dakatar da kwayar T daga kashe kwayar cutar kansa. Masu hana PD-1 sun haɗa zuwa PDL-1 kuma suna ba da ƙwayoyin T damar kashe ƙwayoyin kansa.

Pembrolizumab shine mai hana PD-1 wanda za'a iya amfani dashi don kula da yara lymphoma Hodgkin wanda ya dawo bayan jiyya. Sauran masu hana PD-1, gami da atezolizumab da nivolumab, ana nazarinsu kan maganin yarinta Hodgkin lymphoma da ta dawo bayan jiyya.

Mai hana shigowar shinge Binciken sunadarai, kamar PD-L1 akan ƙwayoyin tumo da PD-1 akan ƙwayoyin T, suna taimakawa kiyaye maganganun rigakafi a cikin bincike. Ofaurin PD-L1 zuwa PD-1 yana kiyaye ƙwayoyin T daga kashe ƙwayoyin tumo a jiki (ɓangaren hagu). Katange ɗaurin PD-L1 zuwa PD-1 tare da mai hana kariya na kariya (anti-PD-L1 ko anti-PD-1) yana ba wa ƙwayoyin T damar kashe ƙwayoyin tumor (ɓangaren dama)

Tiyata

Za a iya yin aikin tiyata don cire yawancin kumburi kamar yadda zai yiwu don ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyin lymphocyte-ƙananan yara na Hodgkin lymphoma.

-Aramin magani mai ƙarfi tare da dasawar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta

Ana ba da magungunan allura don kashe kwayoyin cutar kansa. Kwayoyin lafiya, gami da ƙwayoyin halitta masu jini, suma ana lalata su ta hanyar maganin kansa. Dasawar sel shine magani don maye gurbin kwayoyin halitta. Ana cire ƙwayoyin sari (ƙwayoyin jinin da basu balaga ba) daga cikin jinin ko ƙashin ƙashin mara lafiya ko mai bayarwa kuma ana daskarar dasu ana adana su. Bayan mai haƙuri ya gama shan magani, sai a narke ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin da aka adana kuma a mayar da su ga mai haƙuri ta hanyar jiko. Waɗannan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin na ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin na ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin na ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin na ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin magungunan za a ɗibar

Duba Magungunan da aka Amince da Hodgkin Lymphoma don ƙarin bayani.

Ana gwada sababbin nau'ikan magani a gwajin asibiti.

Wannan ɓangaren taƙaitaccen bayani yana bayanin jiyya waɗanda ake nazarin su a gwajin asibiti. Yana iya ba ambaci kowane sabon magani ana nazarin. Ana samun bayani game da gwaji na asibiti daga gidan yanar gizon NCI.

Proton katako radiation far

Proton-beam far wani nau'i ne na ƙarfin kuzari, maganin raɗaɗɗen waje wanda yake amfani da rafuka na proton (ƙarami, ƙwaƙƙwaran ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta) don yin radiation. Irin wannan maganin na radiation na iya taimakawa rage lalacewar nama mai lafiya kusa da ƙari, kamar nono, zuciya, da huhu.

Marasa lafiya na iya son yin tunani game da shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti.

Ga wasu marasa lafiya, shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti na iya zama mafi kyawun zaɓin magani. Gwajin gwaji wani bangare ne na aikin binciken cutar kansa. Ana yin gwaje-gwajen asibiti don gano ko sabbin maganin cutar daji suna da lafiya da tasiri ko kuma sun fi magani na yau da kullun.

Yawancin yau da kullun na yau da kullun don cutar kansa sun dogara ne akan gwajin asibiti na farko. Marasa lafiya da ke cikin gwaji na asibiti na iya karɓar daidaitaccen magani ko kuma su kasance cikin farkon waɗanda za su karɓi sabon magani.

Marasa lafiya da ke shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti suma suna taimakawa inganta hanyar da za a bi da kansar a nan gaba. Koda lokacin gwajin asibiti bai haifar da sababbin magunguna ba, sau da yawa sukan amsa mahimman tambayoyi kuma suna taimakawa ci gaba da bincike gaba.

Marasa lafiya na iya shiga gwajin asibiti kafin, lokacin, ko bayan fara maganin cutar kansa.

Wasu gwaji na asibiti kawai sun haɗa da marasa lafiya waɗanda ba su sami magani ba tukuna. Sauran gwaje-gwajen suna gwada jiyya ga marasa lafiya waɗanda cutar kansa ba ta samu sauki ba. Hakanan akwai gwaji na asibiti da ke gwada sabbin hanyoyin dakatar da cutar kansa daga sake dawowa (dawowa) ko rage tasirin maganin kansar.

Gwajin gwaji na gudana a sassa da yawa na ƙasar. Bayani game da gwajin asibiti wanda NCI ke tallafawa ana iya samun shi akan shafin binciken gwaji na NCI. Ana iya samun gwajin gwaji na asibiti wanda wasu kungiyoyi ke tallafawa akan gidan yanar gizon ClinicalTrials.gov.

Ana iya buƙatar gwaje-gwaje na gaba.

Za a iya maimaita wasu gwaje-gwajen da aka yi don gano cutar kansa ko don gano matakin cutar kansa. Za a maimaita wasu gwaje-gwaje don ganin yadda magani ke aiki. Shawarwari game da ci gaba, canji, ko dakatar da magani na iya dogara ne da sakamakon waɗannan gwaje-gwajen.

Wasu daga cikin gwaje-gwajen za a ci gaba da yi daga lokaci zuwa lokaci bayan an gama jiyya. Sakamakon waɗannan gwaje-gwajen na iya nuna idan yanayin ɗanku ya canza ko kuma idan ciwon daji ya sake dawowa (dawo). Wadannan gwaje-gwajen wasu lokuta ana kiran su gwaje-gwaje na gaba ko dubawa.

Ga marasa lafiya da ke karɓar maganin ƙwaƙwalwa kaɗai, ana iya yin hoton PET makonni 3 ko fiye bayan an gama jiyya. Ga marasa lafiya da ke karɓar maganin cutar ta ƙarshe, ba za a yi hoton PET ba har sai makonni 8 zuwa 12 bayan an gama jiyya.

Zaɓuɓɓukan Jiyya don Yara da Matasa tare da Hodgkin Lymphoma

A Wannan Sashin

• -Ananan Classicananan Classicananan Yara na Hodgkin Lymphoma

• Matsakaici-Hadarin Tsarin Yara na Hodgkin Lymphoma

• Gananan Classicananan Classicananan Yara na Hodgkin Lymphoma

• Nodular Lymphocyte-Predominant Yara Hodgkin Lymphoma

Don bayani game da jiyya da aka jera a ƙasa, duba sashin Kula da Zaɓin Jiyya.

-Ananan Classicananan Classicananan Yara na Hodgkin Lymphoma

Jiyya na ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na Hodgkin lymphoma a cikin yara na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Hade chemotherapy.

• Hakanan za'a iya ba da hasken fitila ga yankunan da ke fama da cutar kansa.

Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.

Matsakaici-Hadarin Tsarin Yara na Hodgkin Lymphoma

Jiyya na matsakaiciyar-tsaran gargajiya na Hodgkin lymphoma a cikin yara na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Hade chemotherapy.

• Hakanan za'a iya ba da hasken fitila ga yankunan da ke fama da cutar kansa.

Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.

Gananan Classicananan Classicananan Yara na Hodgkin Lymphoma

Jiyya na lymphoma mai saurin haɗari a cikin yara na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Dosearin haɗin haɗin haɗuwa mafi girma.

• Hakanan za'a iya ba da hasken fitila ga yankunan da ke fama da cutar kansa.

• Gwajin gwaji na maganin warkewa (brentuximab) da hadewar magani. Hakanan za'a iya ba da hasken fitila ga yankunan da ke fama da cutar kansa.

Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.

Nodular Lymphocyte-Predominant Yara Hodgkin Lymphoma

Jiyya na ƙananan ƙwayoyin lymphocyte-yawancin yara Hodgkin lymphoma na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Yin aikin tiyata, idan za a iya cire kumburin gaba daya.

• Chemotherapy tare da ko ba tare da ƙananan ƙwayar cutar ta waje ba.

Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.

Zaɓuɓɓukan Jiyya don Matsalar Farko / Maimaita Hodgkin Lymphoma a Yara da Matasa

Don bayani game da jiyya da aka jera a ƙasa, duba sashin Kula da Zaɓin Jiyya.

Jiyya na ƙin yarda na farko ko ƙananan yara Hodgkin lymphoma na iya haɗawa da masu zuwa:

• Chemotherapy, maganin da aka yi niyya (rituximab, brentuximab, ko bortezomib), ko duka waɗannan hanyoyin kwantar da hankali.

Immunotherapy (pembrolizumab).

• -Wararren ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ta amfani da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin marasa lafiya. Hakanan za'a iya ba da maganin hana yaduwar cutar monoclonal (brentuximab).

• Za a iya ba da maganin kashe hasken rana bayan an dasa shi ta hanyar amfani da ƙwayoyin jikin marasa lafiya ko kuma idan cutar ta ba da amsa ga wasu magunguna kuma ba a kula da yankin da ke fama da cutar kansa ba.

• Chemaramin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ta jiki ta amfani da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin mai bayarwa.

• Gwajin gwaji na immunotherapy (nivolumab, pembrolizumab, ko atezolizumab).

Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.

Don Morearin Koyo Game da Yaran Hodgkin Lymphoma

Don ƙarin bayani daga Cibiyar Cancer ta aboutasa game da ƙuruciya Hodgkin lymphoma, duba mai zuwa:

• Tomography Tomography (CT) Scans da Ciwon daji

• An Amince da Magunguna don Hodgkin Lymphoma

• Magungunan Ciwon Cutar da Aka Yi niyya

• Tattara Kwayoyin Halitta mai Yin jini

Don ƙarin bayani game da cutar sankarar yara da sauran albarkatun kansar gaba ɗaya, duba masu zuwa:

• Game da Ciwon daji

• Ciwon Yara

• Binciken Cure don Ciwon Childrenan yara

• Matsayi na Late na Jiyya don Ciwon Yara

• Matasa da Samari da Ciwon daji

• Yara da Ciwon daji: Jagora ga Iyaye

• Ciwon daji a cikin Yara da Matasa

• Tsayawa

• Yin fama da Ciwon daji

• Tambayoyi don Tambayar Doctor game da Ciwon daji

• Don Tsira da Kulawa