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Maganin Lymphoma mai alaƙa da cutar kanjamau (®) –Patient Version

Janar Bayani Game da Kwayar Kwayar Cutar Kanjamau

MAGANAN MAGANA

• Cutar lymphoma mai alaƙa da cutar kanjamau cuta ce wacce ƙwayoyin cuta masu saurin kamuwa da cuta (cancer) ke kamawa a cikin tsarin lymph na marasa lafiyar da suka sami cututtukan rashin ƙarfi (AIDS).

• Akwai nau'ikan lymphoma daban-daban.

• Alamomin cutar lymphoma masu nasaba da cutar kanjamau sun hada da rage nauyi, zazzabi, da gumin dare.

• Gwaje-gwajen da ke bincikar tsarin lymph da sauran sassan jiki ana amfani dasu don taimakawa gano (gano) da kuma gano cutar lymphoma mai alaƙa da cutar kanjamau.

• Wasu dalilai suna tasiri hangen nesa (damar dawowa) da zaɓuɓɓukan magani.

Cutar lymphoma mai alaƙa da cutar kanjamau cuta ce wacce ƙwayoyin cuta masu saurin kamuwa da cuta (cancer) ke kamawa a cikin tsarin lymph na marasa lafiyar da suka sami cututtukan rashin ƙarfi (AIDS).

Cutar kanjamau ta samo asali ne daga kwayar cutar kanjamau (HIV), wacce ke kai hari da raunana garkuwar jiki. Enedarfafa garkuwar jiki ba zai iya yaƙar kamuwa da cuta ba. Mutanen da ke da cutar HIV suna da haɗarin kamuwa da cutar lymphoma ko wasu nau'ikan cutar kansa. Mutumin da ke dauke da kwayar cutar HIV da wasu nau'ikan kamuwa da cuta ko kansa, kamar su lymphoma, ana bincikar su suna da cutar kanjamau. Wani lokaci, ana bincikar mutane da cutar kanjamau da lymphoma masu alaƙa da AIDS a lokaci guda. Don bayani game da cutar kanjamau da maganin ta, da fatan za a duba gidan yanar gizon AIDSinfo.

Kwayar cututtukan da ke da nasaba da cutar kanjamau wani nau'i ne na cutar kansa wanda ke shafar tsarin lymph. Lymph system wani bangare ne na garkuwar jiki. Yana taimakawa kare jiki daga kamuwa da cuta.

Lymph system ya kunshi abubuwa masu zuwa:

• Lymph: Ba shi da launi, ruwa mai ruwa wanda ke bi ta cikin jirgin ruwan lymph kuma yana ɗauke da ƙwayoyin T da B. Lymphocytes wani nau'in ƙwayar farin jini ne.

• Magungunan Lymph: Hanyar sadarwar bututu na bakin ciki wanda ke tattara lymph daga sassa daban-daban na jiki kuma ya mayar dashi zuwa hanyoyin jini.

• Magungunan Lymph: Smallananan, sifofi irin na wake waɗanda ke tace lymph da adana farin ƙwayoyin jini waɗanda ke taimakawa yaƙi da kamuwa da cuta. Ana samo ƙwayoyin lymph tare da cibiyar sadarwar lymph ta cikin jiki. Foundungiyoyin lymph nodes ana samun su a cikin wuya, underarm, mediastinum, ciki, ƙashin ƙugu, da kuma makwancin gwaiwa.

• Spleen: Wani sashin jiki ne wanda yake samar da lymphocytes, yana adana jajayen kwayoyin jini da na lymphocytes, yana tace jinin, sannan yana lalata tsoffin kwayoyin jini. Saifa yana gefen hagu na ciki kusa da ciki.

• Thymus: Gabar da T lymphocytes ke girma da ninka a ciki. Thymus yana cikin kirji a bayan kashin ƙirji.

• Tonsils: smallananan ƙwayoyin lymph biyu a bayan makogwaro. Akwai tanji daya a kowane gefen makogwaro.

• Kashin kashin jiki: Theaushi mai taushi, mai soso a tsakiyar wasu kasusuwa, kamar ƙashin ƙugu da ƙashin ƙirji. Ana yin farin ƙwayoyin jini, da jajayen ƙwayoyin jini, da platelet a cikin ɓarin kashi.

Hakanan ana samun ƙwayar Lymph a wasu sassan jiki kamar kwakwalwa, ciki, glandar thyroid, da fata.

Wani lokaci lymphoma mai alaƙa da cutar kanjamau yana faruwa a wajen ƙwayoyin lymph a cikin ƙashi, hanta, maninges (ƙananan sifofin da ke rufe kwakwalwa) da sashin hanji. Kadan sau da yawa, yana iya faruwa a cikin dubura, zuciya, bututun bile, gingiva, da tsokoki.

Anatomy na tsarin lymph, yana nuna tasoshin lymph da gabobin lymph gami da ƙwayoyin lymph, tonsils, thymus, sppleen, da kuma kashin ƙashi. Lymph (ruwa mai tsabta) da lymphocytes suna tafiya ta cikin jiragen ruwan lymph kuma zuwa cikin ƙwayoyin lymph inda ƙwayoyin lymphocytes ke lalata abubuwa masu cutarwa. Lymph yana shiga cikin jini ta wata babbar jijiya kusa da zuciya.

Akwai nau'ikan lymphoma daban-daban.

Lymphomas ya kasu kashi biyu:

• Hodgkin lymphoma.

• Non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Dukansu lymphoma wadanda ba Hodgkin da Hodgkin lymphoma na iya faruwa a marasa lafiya da cutar kanjamau, amma wadanda ba Hodgkin lymphoma sun fi yawa. Lokacin da mai cutar kanjamau ke da lymphoma ba Hodgkin, ana kiran sa lymphoma mai alaƙa da AIDS. Lokacin da kwayar cutar lymphoma mai alaƙa da AIDS ta auku a cikin tsarin juyayi na tsakiya (CNS), ana kiranta lymphoma ta CNS mai alaƙa da cutar kanjamau.

An rarraba ƙwayoyin lymphomas waɗanda ba Hodgkin ta hanyar yadda ƙwayoyin jikinsu suke kallon ƙaramin microscope. Suna iya zama marasa ƙarfi (masu saurin girma) ko masu saurin faɗa (saurin girma). Kwayar cututtukan da ke da nasaba da cutar kanjamau suna da ƙarfi. Akwai manyan nau'ikan nau'i biyu na cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da cutar kanjamau ba Hodgkin lymphoma:

• Yada babban kwayar B-cell (ciki har da lymphoma mai kariya ta B-cell).

• Burkitt ko Burkitt-kamar lymphoma.

Don ƙarin bayani game da lymphoma ko cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da cutar kanjamau, duba taƙaitawar mai zuwa:

• Magungunan Lymphoma wadanda ba Hodgkin ba

• Kula da Lymphoma na Nonananan yara ba

• Jiyya na CNS Lymphoma na farko

• Maganin Kaposi Sarcoma

Alamomin cutar lymphoma masu nasaba da cutar kanjamau sun hada da rage nauyi, zazzabi, da gumin dare.

Wadannan da sauran alamomi da alamu na iya haifar da cutar ta kwayar cutar kanjamau ko ta wasu yanayi. Duba tare da likitanka idan kuna da ɗayan masu zuwa:

• Rage nauyi ko zazzabi ba tare da sanin dalili ba.

• Zufar dare.

• Mara zafi, kumburin kumburin lymph a cikin wuya, kirji, underarm, ko gwaiwa.

• Jin cikewar kasa da haƙarƙarin.

Gwaje-gwajen da ke bincikar tsarin lymph da sauran sassan jiki ana amfani dasu don taimakawa gano (gano) da kuma gano cutar lymphoma mai alaƙa da cutar kanjamau.

Za a iya amfani da waɗannan gwaje-gwajen da hanyoyin:

• Jarabawa ta jiki da tarihi: Jarabawa ce ta jiki don bincika alamomin lafiya gaba ɗaya, gami da bincika alamun cuta, kamar kumburi ko wani abu da kamar baƙon abu. Za a kuma ɗauki tarihin lafiyar mai haƙuri, gami da zazzaɓi, zufar dare, da raunin nauyi, halaye na kiwon lafiya, da cututtukan da suka gabata da magunguna.

• Cikakken ƙidayar jini (CBC): Hanyar da za'a zana samfurin jini kuma a bincika ta mai zuwa:

• Adadin jajayen ƙwayoyin jini, fararen ƙwayoyin jini, da platelets.

• Adadin haemoglobin (furotin da ke ɗauke da iskar oxygen) a cikin ƙwayoyin jinin jini.

• Yankin samfurin ya kunshi jajayen ƙwayoyin jini.

Kammala lissafin jini (CBC). Ana tattara jini ta hanyar sanya allura a cikin jijiya da kuma barin jini ya kwarara cikin bututu. Ana aika samfurin jini zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje kuma ana kidaya ƙwayoyin jinin jini, fararen ƙwayoyin jini, da kuma platelets. Ana amfani da CBC don gwadawa, gano asali, da kuma lura da yanayi daban-daban.

• Nazarin ilimin sunadarai na jini: Hanya ce wacce ake bincikar samfurin jini don auna adadin wasu abubuwa da aka saki a cikin jini ta gabobi da kayan aiki a jiki. Adadin abu na yau da kullun (mafi girma ko ƙasa da al'ada) na iya zama alamar cuta.

• Gwajin LDH: Hanya ce wacce ake bincika samfurin jini don auna adadin lactic dehydrogenase. Yawan LDH a cikin jini na iya zama alamar lalacewar nama, lymphoma, ko wasu cututtuka.

• Hepatitis B da gwajin hepatitis C: Hanya ce wacce ake bincika samfurin jini don auna yawan antigens na musamman na hepatitis B da / ko ƙwayoyin cuta da kuma yawan ƙwayoyin cutar ta hepatitis C. Wadannan antigens ko antibodies ana kiran su alamomi. Ana amfani da alamomi daban daban ko haɗuwa da alamomi don tantance ko mai haƙuri yana da cutar hepatitis B ko C, ya riga ya kamu da cuta ko riga-kafi, ko kuma mai saukin kamuwa da cutar.

• Gwajin HIV: Gwaji don auna matakin kwayar cutar HIV a cikin samfurin jini. Ana yin maganin rigakafin jiki yayin da wani abu daga waje ya mamaye ta. Babban matakin kwayar cutar kanjamau na iya nufin jiki ya kamu da HIV.

• CT scan (CAT scan): Hanya ce wacce ke yin jerin hotuna dalla-dalla na wurare a cikin jiki, kamar wuya, kirji, ciki, ƙashin ƙugu, da kumburin lymph, waɗanda aka ɗauka daga kusurwa daban-daban. Ana yin hotunan ne ta wata kwamfuta da aka haɗa ta da na'urar da ke ɗauke da x-ray. Ana iya yin allurar fenti a cikin jijiya ko haɗiye don taimakawa gabobin ko kyallen takarda su fito fili karara. Wannan hanya ana kiranta yanayin ƙididdigar lissafi, ƙirar kwamfuta, ko ƙirar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar kwamfuta.

• PET scan (positron emission tomography scan): Hanya ce don gano ƙwayoyin cuta masu illa a jiki. An sanya ƙwayar glucose mai ƙarancin rediyo (sukari) a cikin jijiya. Na'urar daukar hoton PET tana juyawa a jiki kuma tana yin hoto inda ake amfani da glucose a jiki. Kwayoyin cuta masu illa suna nuna haske a hoton saboda suna aiki kuma suna ɗaukar glucose fiye da ƙwayoyin al'ada.

• Burin kasusuwan kasusuwa da biopsy: Cire kasusuwan kasusuwa da karamin guntun kashi ta hanyar sanya allura mara kyau a cikin kashin hanji ko kashin mama. Wani masanin ilimin cututtukan fata yana kallon kasusuwan kasusuwa da ƙashi a ƙarƙashin microscope don neman alamun cutar kansa.

Burin kasusuwa da biopsy. Bayan an lasafta wani karamin yanki na fata, ana saka allurar kasusuwa ta kashin a cikin kashin hancin mara lafiyar. Ana cire samfurorin jini, kashi, da kashin nama don bincike a karkashin wani madubin likita.

• Lymph node biopsy: Cire duka ko ɓangaren kumburin lymph. Kwararren likitan kwalliya yana kallon naman a ƙarƙashin madubin likita don neman ƙwayoyin kansa. Ofaya daga cikin nau'ikan biopsies na iya yi:

• Excisional biopsy: Cire dukkanin kumburin lymph.

• Gwajin halittar jikinka: Cire wani bangare na kumburin lymph.

• Core biopsy: Cire tsoka daga kumburin kumburi ta amfani da babban allura.

Sauran wurare na jiki, kamar hanta, huhu, ƙashi, ƙashi, da kwakwalwa, ƙila za a cire samfurin ƙyallen kuma cirewa daga ƙwararren masani don alamun kansar.

Idan an sami kansar, ana iya yin gwaje-gwaje masu zuwa don nazarin ƙwayoyin kansar:

• Immunohistochemistry: Gwajin gwaje-gwaje wanda ke amfani da kwayoyin cuta don bincika wasu antigens (alamomi) a cikin samfurin jikin mai haƙuri. Magungunan rigakafi yawanci suna da alaƙa da enzyme ko fenti mai kyalli. Bayan kwayoyin sun kunshi wani takamaiman antigen a cikin samfurin, sai a kunna enzyme ko rini, sannan za a iya ganin antigen a karkashin wani madubin likita. Ana amfani da irin wannan gwajin don taimakawa wajen gano kansar da kuma taimakawa gaya ga wani nau'in cutar kansa daga wani nau'in cutar kansa.

• Nazarin Cytogenetic: Gwajin dakin gwaje-gwaje wanda aka kirga chromosomes na kwayoyi a cikin samfurin jini ko jiji da kashi don bincika kowane canje-canje, kamar karye, ɓacewa, sake gyarawa, ko ƙarin ƙwanƙwanni. Canje-canje a cikin wasu chromosomes na iya zama alamar cutar kansa. Ana amfani da nazarin Cytogenetic don taimakawa gano cutar kansa, shirya magani, ko gano yadda magani ke aiki.

• KIFI (haske a cikin yanayin haɗuwa): Gwajin gwaje-gwaje da ake amfani dashi don kallo da ƙididdigar kwayoyin halitta ko chromosomes a cikin ƙwayoyin halitta da kyallen takarda. Ana yin sassan DNA wanda ke ɗauke da launuka masu kyalli a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje kuma an ƙara su zuwa samfurin ƙwayoyin marasa lafiya ko kyallen takarda. Lokacin da wadannan sassan jikin DNA din da aka rina suka hade da wasu kwayoyin halittu ko bangarorin chromosomes a cikin samfurin, suna haskakawa idan aka kalleshi a karkashin madubin hangen nesa. Ana amfani da gwajin FISH don taimakawa wajen gano kansar da kuma taimakawa shirya magani.

• Immunophenotyping: Gwajin dakin gwaje-gwaje da ke amfani da kwayoyin cuta don gano kwayoyin cutar kansar dangane da nau'ikan antigens ko alamomi a saman sel. Ana amfani da wannan gwajin don taimakawa wajen tantance takamaiman nau'in lymphoma.

Wasu dalilai suna tasiri hangen nesa (damar dawowa) da zaɓuɓɓukan magani.

Halin hangen nesa (damar dawowa) da zaɓuɓɓukan magani sun dogara da masu zuwa:

• Matakin ciwon daji.

• Shekarun mara lafiya.

• Adadin CD4 lymphocytes (wani nau'in farin jini) a cikin jini.

• Ana samun adadin wuraren a cikin jikin kwayar halittar jiki a wajen tsarin sinadarin lymph.

• Ko mai haƙuri yana da tarihin amfani da ƙwayoyin cuta (IV).

• Ikon mai haƙuri don aiwatar da ayyukan yau da kullun.

Matakai na cutar Lymphoma mai alaƙa da cutar kanjamau

MAGANAN MAGANA

• Bayan an gano lymphoma mai alaƙa da cutar kanjamau, ana yin gwaje-gwaje don gano ko ƙwayoyin kansa sun bazu cikin tsarin kwayar halitta ko zuwa wasu sassan jiki.

• Akwai hanyoyi uku da kansar ke yaduwa a jiki.

• Ana amfani da matakai masu zuwa don lymphoma mai alaƙa da cutar kanjamau:

• Mataki Na

• Mataki na II

• Mataki na III

• Mataki na IV

• Don magani, ana haɗa ƙwayoyin cuta masu alaƙa da cutar kanjamau dangane da inda suka fara a jiki, kamar haka:

• Lymphoma na gefe / tsarin

• Primary CNS lymphoma

Bayan an gano lymphoma mai alaƙa da cutar kanjamau, ana yin gwaje-gwaje don gano ko ƙwayoyin kansa sun bazu cikin tsarin kwayar halitta ko zuwa wasu sassan jiki.

Hanyar da ake amfani da ita don gano idan ƙwayoyin kansar suka bazu a cikin tsarin lymph ko kuma zuwa wasu sassa na jiki ana kiranta staging. Bayanin da aka tattara daga tsarin daukar matakan tantance matakin cutar. Yana da mahimmanci a san matakin don shirya magani, amma lymphoma mai alaƙa da cutar kanjamau galibi yana ci gaba idan aka gano shi.

Za'a iya amfani da gwaje-gwaje da hanyoyin masu zuwa a cikin aikin tsayarwa:

• MRI (hoton maganadisu ) tare da gadolinium: Hanya ce da ke amfani da maganadisu, raƙuman rediyo, da kuma kwamfuta don yin jerin hotuna dalla-dalla na wurare a cikin jiki, kamar kwakwalwa da laka. Ana yiwa wani abu mai suna gadolinium allura a cikin mara lafiyar ta wata jijiya. Gadolinium yana tattarawa a kusa da ƙwayoyin cutar kansa don haka sun ƙara haske a hoton. Wannan hanya ana kiranta kuma ana kiranta hoton maganadisu na maganadisu (NMRI).

• Lumbar puncture: Hanyar da ake amfani da ita don tara ruwa mai ruɓar ciki (CSF) daga sashin kashin baya Ana yin wannan ta sanya allura tsakanin ƙasusuwa biyu a cikin kashin baya da kuma cikin CSF a kewayen ƙashin baya da cire samfurin ruwan. Ana bincikar samfurin CSF a ƙarƙashin microscope don alamun da ke nuna cewa ciwon daji ya bazu zuwa kwakwalwa da laka. Hakanan za'a iya bincika samfurin don cutar Epstein-Barr. Wannan hanyar ana kiranta LP ko taɓar kashin baya.

Lumbar huda Mai haƙuri yana kwance a cikin lankwasawa akan tebur. Bayan an kidaya wani karamin yanki a kasan baya, sai a saka allura ta kashin baya (dogon, siririn sirara) a cikin sashin kasan kashin kashin baya don cire ruwan ciki na kwakwalwa (CSF, wanda aka nuna a shudi). Ana iya aika ruwan zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje don gwaji.

Akwai hanyoyi uku da kansar ke yaduwa a jiki.

Ciwon daji na iya yadawa ta hanyar nama, tsarin lymph, da jini:

• Nama. Ciwon daji yana yaduwa daga inda ya fara ta girma zuwa yankuna na kusa.

• Tsarin Lymph. Ciwon daji yana yaduwa daga inda ya faro ta hanyar shiga cikin ƙwayoyin cuta. Ciwon daji yana bi ta cikin jirgin ruwan lymph zuwa wasu sassan jiki.

• Jini. Ciwon daji yana yaduwa daga inda ya fara ta hanyar shiga cikin jini. Ciwon daji yana bi ta hanyoyin jini zuwa wasu sassan jiki.

Ana amfani da matakai masu zuwa don lymphoma mai alaƙa da cutar kanjamau:

Mataki Na

Mataki na na girma lymphoma. Ana samun kansa a cikin ƙwayoyin lymph ɗaya ko fiye a cikin ƙungiyar ƙwayoyin lymph ko kuma, a wasu lokuta ba safai ba, ana samun kansar a cikin zobe na Waldeyer, thymus, ko saifa. A cikin matakin IE (ba a nuna ba), ciwon daji ya bazu zuwa yanki ɗaya a waje da tsarin ƙwayoyin cuta.

Matakin I cutar lymphoma mai alaƙa da AIDS ya kasu kashi-kashi I da IE.

• A cikin mataki na I, ana samun kansar a ɗayan waɗannan wurare masu zuwa a cikin tsarin lymph:

• Oraya ko fiye da ƙwayoyin lymph a cikin ƙungiyar ƙwayoyin lymph.

• Zoben Waldeyer.

• Thymus.

• Saifa

• A cikin matakin IE, ana samun ciwon daji a wani yanki a waje da tsarin kwayar halitta.

• Mataki na II

• Mataki na II game da cutar kanjamau ya kasu kashi biyu zuwa II da IIE.

• A mataki na II, ana samun kansar a cikin rukuni biyu ko fiye na ƙwayoyin lymph waɗanda suke ko dai sama da diaphragm ko kuma a ƙasa da diaphragm.

Mataki na biyu lymphoma. Ana samun kansar a cikin rukuni biyu ko fiye na ƙwayoyin lymph waɗanda suke sama da diaphragm ko ƙasa da diaphragm.

• A cikin mataki na IIE, ciwon daji ya bazu daga rukuni na ƙwayoyin lymph zuwa wani yanki na kusa wanda ke waje da tsarin lymph. Ciwon daji na iya yaduwa zuwa sauran rukunin kumburin lymph a gefe guda na diaphragm.

Mataki IIE balagagge. Ciwon daji ya yadu daga rukuni na ƙwayoyin lymph zuwa wani yanki na kusa wanda ke waje da tsarin ƙwayoyin cuta. Ciwon daji na iya yaduwa zuwa sauran rukunin kumburin lymph a gefe guda na diaphragm.

A mataki na II, kalmar babbar cuta tana nufin babban ƙwayar tumo. Girman ƙwayar tumo wanda ake kira da babbar cuta ya bambanta dangane da nau'in lymphoma.

Mataki na III

Mataki na III girma lymphoma. Ana samun kansa a cikin ƙungiyoyin lymph nodes duka sama da ƙasa da diaphragm; ko a cikin ƙungiyar lymph node sama da diaphragm kuma a cikin saifa.

A cikin mataki na III na kwayar cutar ta AIDS da ke da nasaba da cutar kanjamau, ana samun kansar:

• a cikin ƙungiyoyin lymph nodes duka sama da ƙasa da diaphragm; ko

• a cikin ƙwayoyin lymph a sama da diaphragm kuma a cikin saifa.

Mataki na IV

Mataki na IV girma lymphoma. Ciwon daji (a) ya yadu ko'ina cikin gabobi ɗaya ko fiye a wajen tsarin kwayar halitta; ko (b) ana samunsa a cikin ƙungiyoyi biyu ko fiye na ƙwayoyin lymph waɗanda suke ko dai a sama da diaphragm ko a ƙasa da diaphragm kuma a cikin wani sashin jiki wanda yake wajen tsarin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta kuma ba kusa da ƙwayoyin lymph ba; ko (c) ana samunsa a cikin ƙungiyoyin lymph node sama da diaphragm da ƙasan diaphragm kuma a cikin kowane gabobin da yake waje da tsarin lymph; ko (d) ana samun sa a cikin hanta, da kashin ƙashi, fiye da wuri ɗaya a cikin huhu, ko kuma ruwar sanyin jiki (CSF). Ciwon kansa bai bazu kai tsaye cikin hanta, jijiyar ƙashi, huhu, ko CSF ​​daga ƙwayoyin lymph da ke kusa ba.

A cikin mataki na huɗu masu alaƙa da cutar kanjamau, cutar kansa:

• ya yadu ko'ina cikin ɗaya ko fiye da gabobin a wajen tsarin kwayar halitta; ko

• ana samunsa a cikin rukuni biyu ko fiye na ƙwayoyin lymph waɗanda suke ko dai sama da diaphragm ko a ƙasa da diaphragm kuma a cikin wani sashin jiki wanda yake wajen tsarin ƙwayoyin cuta kuma ba kusa da ƙwayoyin lymph ɗin da abin ya shafa ba; ko

• ana samunsa a rukunin lymph nodes duka sama da ƙasa da diaphragm kuma a cikin kowane gabobin da yake wajen tsarin kwayar; ko

• ana samun sa a cikin hanta, kashin kashi, sama da wuri daya a cikin huhu, ko kuma kwayar halittar kwakwalwa (CSF). Ciwon kansa bai bazu kai tsaye cikin hanta, jijiyar ƙashi, huhu, ko CSF ​​daga ƙwayoyin lymph da ke kusa ba.

Marasa lafiya da ke ɗauke da kwayar cutar Epstein-Barr ko kuma kwayar cutar lymphoma da ke da alaƙa da cutar kanjamau ta shafi ƙashin ƙashi suna da haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansa zuwa tsarin jijiyoyin tsakiya (CNS)

Don magani, ana haɗa ƙwayoyin cuta masu alaƙa da cutar kanjamau dangane da inda suka fara a jiki, kamar haka:

Lymphoma na gefe / tsarin

Lymphoma wanda ke farawa a cikin tsarin lymph ko wani wuri a cikin jiki, banda kwakwalwa, ana kiransa lymphoma na gefe / tsari. Yana iya yaduwa cikin jiki, gami da zuwa kwakwalwa ko kashin kashi. Ana gano shi sau da yawa a cikin ci gaba.

Primary CNS lymphoma

Primary CNS lymphoma yana farawa a cikin tsarin juyayi na tsakiya (kwakwalwa da laka). Yana da nasaba da kwayar cutar Epstein-Barr. Lymphoma da ke farawa a wani wuri a cikin jiki kuma ya bazu zuwa cikin tsarin juyayi na tsakiya ba shine babban ƙwayar cutar ta CNS ba.

Bayanin Zaɓin Jiyya

MAGANAN MAGANA

• Akwai nau'ikan magani iri daban-daban ga marasa lafiya masu fama da cutar kanjamau.

• Kula da kwayar cutar da ke da nasaba da cutar kanjamau ya hada maganin lymphoma tare da maganin cutar kanjamau.

• Ana amfani da nau'i hudu na daidaitaccen magani:

• Chemotherapy

• Radiation far

• -Aramin magani mai ƙarfi tare da dasawar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta

• Ciwon da aka yi niyya

• Ana gwada sababbin nau'ikan magani a gwajin asibiti.

• Jiyya don kwayar cutar ta kwayar cutar kanjamau na iya haifar da illa.

• Marasa lafiya na iya son yin tunani game da shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti.

• Marasa lafiya na iya shiga gwajin asibiti kafin, lokacin, ko bayan fara maganin cutar kansa.

• Ana iya buƙatar gwaje-gwaje na gaba.

Akwai nau'ikan magani iri daban-daban ga marasa lafiya masu fama da cutar kanjamau.

Akwai nau'ikan magani daban-daban ga marasa lafiya masu fama da cutar kanjamau. Wasu jiyya suna daidaito (magani da ake amfani dashi yanzu), kuma wasu ana gwada su a gwajin asibiti. Gwajin gwajin magani shine binciken bincike wanda aka tsara don taimakawa inganta ingantattun jiyya na yanzu ko samun bayanai game da sababbin jiyya ga marasa lafiya da ciwon daji. Lokacin da gwaji na asibiti ya nuna cewa sabon magani ya fi magani na yau da kullun, sabon magani na iya zama daidaitaccen magani. Marasa lafiya na iya son yin tunani game da shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti. Wasu gwaji na asibiti ana buɗe su ne kawai ga marasa lafiyar da basu fara magani ba.

Kula da kwayar cutar da ke da nasaba da cutar kanjamau ya hada maganin lymphoma tare da maganin cutar kanjamau.

Marasa lafiya tare da kanjamau sun raunana tsarin garkuwar jiki kuma magani na iya haifar da garkuwar jiki ta zama mai rauni. A saboda wannan dalili, kula da marasa lafiya waɗanda ke da cutar lymphoma mai alaƙa da cutar kanjamau yana da wuya kuma wasu marasa lafiya za a iya bi da su da ƙananan ƙwayoyi fiye da marasa lafiyar lymphoma waɗanda ba su da AIDS.

Ana amfani da babban maganin rigakafin cutar (HAART) don rage lalacewar tsarin garkuwar jiki da cutar HIV ke haifarwa. Jiyya tare da HAART na iya ba wasu marasa lafiya da ke fama da cutar lymphoma masu alaƙa da AIDS damar amintar da kwayoyi masu ɗauke da cutar a cikin sikeli ko mafi girma. A cikin waɗannan marasa lafiya, magani na iya aiki kamar yadda yake a marasa lafiya na lymphoma waɗanda ba su da AIDS. Hakanan ana amfani da magunguna don rigakafi da magance cututtuka, waɗanda zasu iya zama masu tsanani.

Don ƙarin bayani game da cutar kanjamau da magani, don Allah a duba gidan yanar gizon AIDSinfo.

Ana amfani da nau'i hudu na daidaitaccen magani:

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy magani ne na cutar kansa wanda ke amfani da magunguna don dakatar da haɓakar ƙwayoyin kansa, ko dai ta hanyar kashe ƙwayoyin ko ta hana su rarraba. Lokacin da ake shan chemotherapy ta baki ko allura a cikin jijiya ko tsoka, magungunan suna shiga cikin jini kuma zasu iya kaiwa ga kwayoyin cutar kansa a cikin jiki duka (systemotherapy chemotherapy). Lokacin da aka sanya chemotherapy kai tsaye zuwa cikin ruwa mai ruɓaɓɓen ciki (intrathecal chemotherapy), wani sashin jiki, ko rami na jiki kamar ciki, magungunan yawanci suna shafar ƙwayoyin cutar kansa a waɗancan yankuna (yankin yanki). Haɗaɗɗiyar cutar sanadiyyar magani magani ne ta amfani da fiye da ɗaya maganin ƙwayar cutar kansa.

Hanyar da ake ba da cutar sankara ta dogara da inda cutar kansa ta samo asali. Intrathecal chemotherapy za'a iya amfani dashi a cikin marasa lafiya waɗanda zasu iya samun lymphoma a cikin tsarin kulawa na tsakiya (CNS).

Intrathecal chemotherapy. Magungunan anticancer ana allurarsu a cikin sararin samaniya, wanda shine sararin da ke riƙe da ruwan sanyin jiki (CSF, wanda aka nuna a shuɗi). Akwai hanyoyi daban-daban guda biyu don yin wannan. Wata hanya, da aka nuna a saman ɓangaren adadi, ita ce a yi amfani da allurar ƙwayoyin a cikin wani tafki na Ommaya (akwati mai kama da dome wanda aka sanya shi a ƙarƙashin fatar kan mutum yayin aikin tiyata; yana riƙe da magungunan yayin da suke shiga ta cikin ƙaramin bututu zuwa cikin kwakwalwa ). Wata hanyar, wanda aka nuna a cikin ɓangaren ƙasa na adadi, shine a yi allurar ƙwayoyi kai tsaye zuwa CSF a cikin ƙananan ɓangaren kashin baya, bayan an lasafta wani ƙaramin yanki a ƙasan baya.

Ana amfani da Chemotherapy a cikin maganin cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan AIDS / tsarin ƙwayoyin cuta. Har yanzu ba a sani ba ko ya fi kyau a ba da HAART a lokaci guda da magani ko bayan ƙarewar jiyyar.

Abubuwa masu motsa sha'awa na mulkin mallaka wani lokaci ana ba su tare da chemotherapy. Wannan yana taimakawa rage illolin cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan da zasu iya zama akan ƙwayar ƙashi.

Radiation far

Radiation therapy magani ne na cutar kansa wanda yake amfani da hasken rana mai ƙarfi ko wasu nau'ikan radiation don kashe ƙwayoyin kansa ko hana su girma. Akwai nau'o'in maganin radiation guda biyu:

• Magungunan radiation na waje yana amfani da inji a waje don aika radiation zuwa ga cutar kansa.

• Magungunan radiation na ciki yana amfani da abu mai tasirin rediyo wanda aka rufe a cikin allurai, tsaba, wayoyi, ko catheters waɗanda aka sanya kai tsaye zuwa ko kusa da ciwon daji.

Hanyar da ake ba da maganin haskakawa ya dogara da inda cutar kansa ta samo asali. Ana amfani da maganin radiation na waje don magance ƙwayoyin cuta ta CNS ta farko mai alaƙa da cutar kansa.

-Aramin magani mai ƙarfi tare da dasawar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta

Ana ba da magungunan allura don kashe kwayoyin cutar kansa. Kwayoyin lafiya, gami da ƙwayoyin halitta masu jini, suma ana lalata su ta hanyar maganin kansa. Dasawar sel shine magani don maye gurbin kwayoyin halitta. Ana cire ƙwayoyin jiki (ƙwayoyin jinin da basu balaga ba) daga cikin jinin ko ƙashin ƙashin mara lafiyan kuma ana daskarar dasu ana adana su. Bayan mai haƙuri ya gama shan magani, sai a narke ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin da aka adana kuma a mayar da su ga mai haƙuri ta hanyar jiko. Waɗannan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin na ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin na ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin na ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin na ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin magungunan za a ɗibar

Ciwon da aka yi niyya

Targeted therapy wani nau'in magani ne wanda yake amfani da magunguna ko wasu abubuwa don ganowa da afkawa takamaiman ƙwayoyin cutar kansa ba tare da cutar ƙwayoyin halitta ba. Magungunan rigakafi na Monoclonal wani nau'in magani ne da ake niyya.

Magungunan antibody na Monoclonal magani ne na ciwon daji wanda ke amfani da kwayar cutar da aka yi a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje daga nau'in kwayar halitta guda ɗaya. Wadannan kwayoyin cuta na jikin mutum na iya gano abubuwan da ke jikin kwayoyin cutar kansar ko kuma wasu abubuwa na yau da kullun wadanda zasu iya taimakawa kwayoyin cutar kansa. Kwayoyin rigakafin suna haɗuwa da abubuwan kuma suna kashe ƙwayoyin cutar kansa, toshe haɓakar su, ko kiyaye su daga yaɗuwa. Ana ba da ƙwayoyin cuta na Monoclonal ta hanyar jiko. Ana iya amfani da waɗannan su kaɗai ko ɗaukar ƙwayoyi, gubobi, ko kayan aikin rediyo kai tsaye zuwa ƙwayoyin kansa. Ana amfani da Rituximab wajen maganin cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan kanjamau / tsarin ƙwayoyin cuta.

Ana gwada sababbin nau'ikan magani a gwajin asibiti.

Ana samun bayani game da gwaji na asibiti daga gidan yanar gizon NCI.

Jiyya don kwayar cutar ta kwayar cutar kanjamau na iya haifar da illa.

Don bayani game da illolin da cutar ta kansar ta haifar, duba shafin mu na Side Side.

Marasa lafiya na iya son yin tunani game da shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti.

Ga wasu marasa lafiya, shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti na iya zama mafi kyawun zaɓin magani. Gwajin gwaji wani bangare ne na aikin binciken cutar kansa. Ana yin gwaje-gwajen asibiti don gano ko sabbin maganin cutar daji suna da lafiya da tasiri ko kuma sun fi magani na yau da kullun.

Yawancin yau da kullun na yau da kullun don cutar kansa sun dogara ne akan gwajin asibiti na farko. Marasa lafiya da ke cikin gwaji na asibiti na iya karɓar daidaitaccen magani ko kuma su kasance cikin farkon waɗanda za su karɓi sabon magani.

Marasa lafiya da ke shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti suma suna taimakawa inganta hanyar da za a bi da kansar a nan gaba. Koda lokacin gwajin asibiti bai haifar da sababbin magunguna ba, sau da yawa sukan amsa mahimman tambayoyi kuma suna taimakawa ci gaba da bincike gaba.

Marasa lafiya na iya shiga gwajin asibiti kafin, lokacin, ko bayan fara maganin cutar kansa.

Wasu gwaji na asibiti kawai sun haɗa da marasa lafiya waɗanda ba su sami magani ba tukuna. Sauran gwaje-gwajen suna gwada jiyya ga marasa lafiya waɗanda cutar kansa ba ta samu sauki ba. Hakanan akwai gwaji na asibiti da ke gwada sabbin hanyoyin dakatar da cutar kansa daga sake dawowa (dawowa) ko rage tasirin maganin kansar.

Gwajin gwaji na gudana a sassa da yawa na ƙasar. Bayani game da gwajin asibiti wanda NCI ke tallafawa ana iya samun shi akan shafin binciken gwaji na NCI. Ana iya samun gwajin gwaji na asibiti wanda wasu kungiyoyi ke tallafawa akan gidan yanar gizon ClinicalTrials.gov.

Ana iya buƙatar gwaje-gwaje na gaba.

Za a iya maimaita wasu gwaje-gwajen da aka yi don gano cutar kansa ko don gano matakin cutar kansa. Za a maimaita wasu gwaje-gwaje don ganin yadda magani ke aiki. Shawarwari game da ci gaba, canji, ko dakatar da magani na iya dogara ne da sakamakon waɗannan gwaje-gwajen.

Wasu daga cikin gwaje-gwajen za a ci gaba da yi daga lokaci zuwa lokaci bayan an gama jiyya. Sakamakon waɗannan gwaje-gwajen na iya nuna idan yanayin ku ya canza ko kuma idan kansar ta sake dawowa (dawo). Wadannan gwaje-gwajen wasu lokuta ana kiran su gwaje-gwaje na gaba ko dubawa.

Zaɓuɓɓukan Jiyya don Ciwon Cutar Kanjamau mai Alaƙa

A Wannan Sashin

• Cutar da ke da nasaba da cutar kanjamau / Lymphoma

• Kwayar Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Cutar Kanjamau

Don bayani game da jiyya da aka jera a ƙasa, duba sashin Kula da Zaɓin Jiyya.

Cutar da ke da nasaba da cutar kanjamau / Lymphoma

Jiyya game da cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan kanjamau / tsarin ƙwayoyin cuta na yau da kullun na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Hade chemotherapy tare da ko ba tare da niyya far.

• -Aramar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta da ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, don lymphoma wanda bai amsa magani ba ko ya dawo.

• Intrathecal chemotherapy don lymphoma wanda zai iya yaduwa zuwa tsarin kulawa na tsakiya (CNS).

Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.

Kwayar Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Cutar Kanjamau

Jiyya game da cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayar cuta da ke tattare da cutar kanjamau na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Ragewar radiation ta waje

Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.

Don Moreara Koyo Game da Kwayar Kwayar Cutar Kanjamau

Don ƙarin bayani daga Cibiyar Cancer ta aboutasa game da cutar lymphoma da ke da alaƙa da kanjamau, duba mai zuwa:

• Tattara Kwayoyin Halitta mai Yin jini

• Magungunan Ciwon Cutar da Aka Yi niyya

Don cikakkun bayanai game da cutar kansa da sauran albarkatu daga Cibiyar Cancer ta Kasa, duba mai zuwa:

• Game da Ciwon daji

• Tsayawa

• Chemotherapy da ku: Tallafi ga Mutanen da ke Ciwon daji

• Radiation Far da Kai: Taimako ga Mutane Tare da Ciwon daji

• Yin fama da Ciwon daji

• Tambayoyi don Tambayar Doctor game da Ciwon daji

• Don Tsira da Kulawa